CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

SUBMITTED BY
MULTI TRADE ENTERPRISE LIMITED

1
 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

1.0 General Scheme Procedure

1.1 General

The site Proposed for the Land Filling and Sheet Filing project is at Sreepur, Ashulia, Dhaka.

Multi Trade Enterprise Limited (MTEL) shall provide a complete project management
system incorporating resources from both off and on site. The management will be
responsible for the design, quality management, progress management, financial
management, health & safety control, environment protection and local coordination. The
purpose of the system will be to ensure the execution and completion of the Project in
conformity with the Contract and to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Employer.

The management system will involve MTEL Headquarters and concerned divisions, Design
Associates (Ellipse Design and Development, EDD), the site management headed by the
Project Manager including the designers site representative to conduct the full management
and to secure the smooth implementation of the system. Back-up technical support, financial
support and personnel support are to be provided by the MTEL Headquarter and concerned
divisions of EDD will assure the design, site management will execute the construction work
and overall site management regarding the Project.

The Management Structure and the Site Organization Chart for the will be as per enclosed
charts.

1.2 Present Site condition

Site is located at the western side of the Nabinagar-Chandra Highway. Physical site visit and
bore hole log of the proposed site indicates that there is a soft clay zone at the western part of
the site which has been designated as phase-II. Ground soil for rest the fill area seems
reasonably good . From the practical experience so far we have acquired from physical
works at different sectors of Bangladesh we feel that no major ground improvement method
will be required to attain 25% CBR at formation level and there will be no remarkable
settlement at phase-I & Phase-III.

Ground improvement technique needs to be implemented specially in phase-II work. We

have prepared our financial proposal based on the assumption and techniques that we have
planned which are describe in the concerned paragraph below.

1.3 Construction Layout

This general construction layout will be made according to the management scheme and site
conditions of the project, in expectation to achieve the aim of integrated management,
multi-point execution, reasonable arrangement and civilized construction.

2
1.3.1 Layout of production facilities and camp

Two (2) temporary camps will be set-up for the Project. The main production facility camp
(Camp # 1) will be set-up at near suitable position to the project site. It will be mainly used
for the production of ready mix concreting, batching plant, fabrication of re-bars and steel
forms. The area of the camp would be approx. 10,000 sqm.

The 2nd camp (Camp # 2) will contain site management office which will be located within
the project area. One project office will be set-up in a rental house at a suitable location in
adjacent area.

1.3.2 Water supply and power supply

1. Water supply and distribution for production and daily life will be arranged from
connection to the urban water supply main of local area and/or drilled deep tube well.

2. One 25KVA generator, for camp-2, will be established. One 5 KVA and one 5 KVA
standby generators will be placed at Camp # 1 & # 2 respectively to ensure power supply.

1.3.3 Material yard, warehouse and workshop

1. Material yard: Open material yard will be constructed on properly rolled, compacted and
graded ground. For fuel a steel container will be placed.

2. Warehouse and workshop: Covered warehouse and workshop and open stock yard will
be arranged at the site, mainly for fabrication of reinforcement, formwork fabrication,
sheet pile storage and preparation, material stacking and workshop, etc,

1.3.4 Construction communications

Sufficient fixed line telephone or mobile phones will be arranged to realize the public
communications. Inter-communication between each working point or contacting of
site-to-site/site-to-office will be established to ensure the real-time communication and
coordinate command of construction.

1.4 Temporary Works

Temporary works for this project involves construction of camp, water supply, power supply,
prohibitive marks etc. The design of temporary work and implementation schedule shall be
submitted to the Engineer for accordance of approval. Construction of temporary works and
provision of correspondent temporary equipment shall satisfy the requirements of technical
specifications.

1.4.1 Construction of camp

The temporary Camp shall be of semi-pucca structure (Concrete/ brick/ wood / CI Sheet etc)
with local material and will be removed after completion of the project.

3
 The building of camp # 1 will mainly be for the sheet pile, fabrication of re-bar and steel
forms. The camp will also have the facility of open stack yard, covered work shop, covered
warehouse and living accommodation for a part of the work-force.

For the sand and aggregate stack yard and equipment parking lot, preparation of the site
including conducting necessary compaction will be undertaken. All facilities shall be
removed after completion of the project.

1.4.2 Engineers offices and facilities

Within two months after commencement of the project, a 150m2 (approx.) air conditioned
office will be provided to the Employer and the Engineer at the site. The office shall consist
of six (6) air cooled office rooms, and will be equipped with two (2) toilets according to
BNBC standard.

Relevant office equipments and utility service of the office will be provided to the Employer
and Engineer according to the requirement of technical specifications.

1.4.3 Utility facilities

1.4.3 .1. Water supply

Water for production and living: Water supply system of Camp # 1 will mainly be arranged
from the urban water supply network and/or drilled deep tube well. For Camp # 2, water
supply shall mainly be provided from water main lines of urban water lines and/or from a
drilled deep tube well. We intend to build 5m3 water storage tank for the production camp,
and build 3m3 water storage tank for the living camp and 1 m3 water tank at each location for
labor and road maintenance.

1.4.3.2. Power supply

One 25KVA generator, for camp-2, will be established. One 5 KVA and one 5 KVA standby
generators will be placed at Camp # 1 & # 2 respectively to ensure power supply.

Alternative power supply will try to get from the urban power supply network.

4
2.0 Detailed Schemes for Major Items of Work

2.1 Broad outline of Various Major Components of the project

1. Detailed Survey Work

2. Detailed design and documentation works
3. Mobilization of site facilities, equipment & plant
4. Temporary works for site facilities
5. Mobilization of imported materials and equipment
6. Sheet Piling Work
7. Soil Treatment Work
8. Filling Work
9. Procurement of construction materials.

Major works:

1. Land filling work for entire phase (I,II,III)

2. Steel sheet piling work along the periphery the land
3. Boundary wall with fencing
4. Removal of temporary facilities, plants & equipment etc. on completion of the works.

3. Technical and Operational Management

3.1 General

Construction is the most crucial component of the entire project implementation. The high
quality nature of the project requires great expertise to ensure satisfactory end product. Time
limitation also imposes a great constraint in the technique of construction to be adopted.
Conventional methods limited to day light activities will not be adequate for completion of
the works within the specified time.

The program schedule will be effective, if proper control and monitoring is made and
maintained throughout the duration of the project to ensure that the program is adhered to. In
executing this, the critical path diagram shall be continuously monitored. Whenever a critical
activity is delayed, proper recovery action shall be taken to minimize the delay of that
particular activity. At the same time, concurrent and ensuing activities shall be speeded up by
increasing man power to ensure that the completion of the ensuing activities can be
maintained as per original schedule.

The monitoring shall be carried out through the application of the following:

Proper recording system

Proper reporting system
Regular meetings

5
3.2 Personnel Mobilization

According to the site conditions, a project management shall be set up at the site. The
construction works will be divided into three phases wise.

The project management at the site is the permanent organ at the site for implementing the
project. The project management fully represents the contractor for implementing the
contract of the project. The HQ of the contractor will issue instructions through modern
tele-communication and communications means to the project management for
implementation. According to the implementation schedule of the project, the HQ will
provide real-time services of information, dispatch personnel, equipment, materials and
other related support, such as fund, technology, decisions for major changes of working
method, opening of Letter(s) of Credit for imported items, etc., in order to ensure the
normal execution and operation at the site.

Upon issuance of the acceptance letter, we shall dispatch relevant project personnel
including design engineers, construction engineers, plant & equipment engineer and
material engineer needed for the works to the site led by the project manager for contract
signing, going through related formalities, site and camp preparation, etc. The preparation
works will be completed within two months after signing the contract. Upon renting of the
land for camp, we shall start the construction of the camp to make ready for commencement
of the project. The construction of individual works will be arranged according to the
construction program, related construction personnel will be mobilized to the site one
month before the commencement of the related activity.

Shop drawing is one of the most critical items for commencement of the project. The shop
drawings for major works will be prepared and submitted for approval. Preparation of shop
drawings and method statement shall be in accordance with the construction program.
These shop drawings including bar schedule will be submitted to the Engineer for
accordance of approval.

3.3 Mobilization of Construction Plant(s) & Equipment

The construction equipment will be mobilized to the site from three sources : Equipment
from abroad, local equipment from own source and equipment to be rented or purchased in
Bangladesh.

(1) Mobilization of Equipment from abroad

Once being awarded of the Contract, we shall immediately submit to the Employer an
equipment list to apply for importation of the equipment to be mobilized from abroad to
Chittagong port. On obtaining approval from the Employer, we shall open L/C for
importation. All equipment will be shipped and delivered to Chittagong Port. After customs
clearance, the equipment will be transported to the site.

6
 (2) Mobilization of local equipment

Our company has been engaged in construction works in Bangladesh for more than 29
(twenty nine) years, and we own a lot of plants and equipment. According to the
requirement of plants & equipment for the project and their availability, we shall mobilize
to the site according to the work program through transportation by road/waterways. .

(3) According to the requirement of the plants and equipment for construction of the project,
we shall rent or purchase plants and equipment necessary from Bangladesh and send to the
site through transportation by road/waterways.

3.4 Material Mobilization

The construction material will be delivered to the construction site mainly from two sources:
material imported from abroad and material purchased in Bangladesh.

(a) Materials, Plants & Equipment to be imported from abroad for permanent works.

Following the construction schedule, we shall submit in advance all the necessary
information of the manufacture, material specifications, technical parameters, certificate of
origin, inspection & test report and other key engineering data to the Engineer for his
approval prior to importation. Upon approval by the Engineer, actions will be taken to ship
the material from overseas Port and deliver to Chittagong Port, Proceed with customs
clearance and the delivery to the site.

The required information about the manufacturer, material specifications, technical

parameters, product certificates, inspection and test reports and other engineering data of
the material to be imported (such as sheet pile, CDC, others etc.) shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval prior to importation. Upon approval by the Engineer, actions will be
taken to ship the material from the exporting port and deliver to Chittagong Port, Proceed
with customs clearance and then delivery to the site.

One set of Catalogues for different items, specially plants & equipment for permanent work
has been incorporated along with the offer. The Contractor reserves the right to use
alternatives of equivalent products from different source(s) and may submit the same
for approval of the Engineer/Employer.

(b) Materials, Plants and Equipment to be purchased in Bangladesh for permanent works

The relevant information of the manufacturer, material specifications, technical parameters,

product certificates, inspection and test reports, and other key engineering data of the
material to be purchased in Bangladesh shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval
before purchase. After obtaining approval by the Engineer, the material will be purchased
and transported to the site.

For construction materials like Sand, M.S. Bar, Cement, Coarse & Fine aggregates,

7
 representative samples will be taken from the stockyard prior to use and shall be tested as
per specifications to ensure proper quality. In the event, the materials fail to attain the
requirements of the specifications, those shall be removed from the site and replaced by
new materials.

One set of catalogues for different construction materials, Plant & equipment has been
submitted along with the offer. The Contractor reserves the right to use alternative
equivalent products from different source(s) and may submit for approval of the
same to the Engineer/Employer during Construction.

8
4.0 Work Flow Diagram for Major Work

Phase 01 & 03 (Filling Work)

Phase 02 (Filling Work)

9
Sheet Piling Work

10
5. Sheet Piling Work :

Sheet pile installation will be done by specialist contractor for sheet pile to do the installation. Here is
a rough installation procedure for sheet pile:
Regarding sheet piling:
- In the project site of BATBC at Savar, sand filling will be done for 5-6m depth over the
existing soil; such filling work will done in most of the area to be reclaimed for future
construction.

- Since the elevation of surrounding area, after filling in the project site of BATBC, will be at
5-6m below, a retaining wall will be constructed of sheet piles surrounding the most of the
project area; later on, boundary wall will be constructed on the sheet pile system.

- It is planned to drive the sheet piles, wherever applies, first, followed by step-by-step filling
work at stages while providing sufficient compaction to achieve the target dry density of
filled soil; the achievement of this target dry density will ensure the quality of compaction
work of the contractor.

- Base on the above land reclamation sequence, the dredge side soil (providing passive
resistance to the sheet pile) will, therefore, be the existing soil, which is mostly stiff clay;
however, in some occasions it will be the loose-to-medium dense sand. On the other hand,
earth side soil (i.e., backfill soil) will be the filling soil which will provide active pressure on
the sheet-piled retaining wall. The better the compaction work on the backfilled soil, the
larger will be active resistance; hence it is very important to compact the backfill soil as
much as possible. Better compaction will be achieved with the least compaction efforts if
coarse sand is used as backfill material. For this purpose, it is better use sand with FM close
to one, rather than using hydraulic fill which is usually containing a higher percentage of
fines.

- The approximate depth of penetration needed for cantilever wall (i.e., sheet pile walls) in
cohesionless soils can be taken as follows (H: height above the dredge line):

Nature of sand deposit Depth of Penetration

Dense 0.75 H
Medium/firm 1.0 H
Loose 1.5 H
Very Loose 2.0 H

- Usually when the height of earth to retained (i.e., H) is smaller, cantilever sheet pile can be
used. Otherwise an anchored sheet pile wall must be used. Since at most of the locations in
the project site the sheeting will retain a fill soil of 5~6m depth, it is anticipatory that they
should be of anchored type. That is, it is necessary to tie back the top of the wall with an
anchor so as to adequately increase the stability of the wall and to use reduce section of sheet
piles.

11
- For anchorage, a deadman (usually of concrete block of adequately sized), tension piles or
A-framed system is used; however, a deadman type anchors will be used at the project site;
the dimensions and depth of embedment of deadman are governed by the pull they have to
resist; it should be so placed that the passive wedge (Rankine) of the deadman and the active
wedge of the pile wall do not interfere.

- Anchored sheet pile walls are generally analyzed by either free earth support method or
fixed earth support method. Rigorous analysis with the required soil profile (site and
location specific) will reveal whether an anchored sheeting wall will behave as free earth or
fixed earth supported system. Usually if the depth embedment is larger than the required
(as comes from the analysis), it will behave as fixed earth supported.

- At least four sized sheeting wall will be used in the project site; their size will vary with the
lengths, such as: 5m, 10m, 15m and 20m; other than the 5m deep sheeting, all will be of
anchored type; 5m depth sheeting may be designed as cantilever; besides, actual behavior
(cantilever, anchored, free earth supported or fixed earth supported) will be site and location
specific as the soil behavior and hence the analysis of them will be varying at site from
location to location.

- Driving of sheeting can be conducted by using fully automated machine with pressure
system or by double-acting auto-hammer; such a machine needs to be imported along with
the sheet piles or will hire locally.

12
6. Soil improvement:

As per bore hole data, existing soil of most of the area consists of stiff clay; no appreciable settlement
will result if any structure is built on it; however, in some locations (for example, locations
represented by BH 14, 20 and 27) subsoil consists of clay of very soft-to-soft consistency and hence
this area demands clay soil improvement treatment.

6.1 Sand Compaction Piles

Several techniques are available in the literature to deal with soft clay deposit, such as:

Time-consuming preloading with the insertion of some sort of vertical drains (while sand drains or
PVD being used as drainage purpose) at regular intervals up to the depth of compressible layer;
relatively long time required to achieve the required level of consolidation, although cost
involvement is cheap; however, very often time is an important and controlling factor rather than
cost.
Installation of sand compaction piles (i.e., SCP installation) at a regular interval; it is a relatively
faster method, which can be applicable equally for both loose sand deposit and also soft clay soil); it
consists of driving a hollow steel pipe (assisted by both horizontal and vertical vibrations) with the
bottom closed with a collapsible plate down to the required depth; filling it with sand, and
withdrawing the pipe while air pressure is directed against the sand inside it. The bottom plate opens
during withdrawal and the sand backfills the voids created earlier during driving of the pipe. The
distance between the piles (i.e., spacing) may be planned according to the site conditions. SCP
machines are available which can work under GPS system to locate the points of insertion as per
schedule and are fully automated to control the depth of penetration as well as density of backfill
sand in the pile.Use of relevant SCP machines instrumented with GPS (automatic GPS controlled
machine will assist in keeping records in better way and for better quality control), casing pipe of
required diameter, driving/lifting device, rotary drive motor, compressed air system to assist in
penetration of casing pipes filled with sand, etc. so as to assist in driving a sand pile to a depth of
about 8m or more comfortably; the addition of better quality sand ( FM>2.50, for example, Sylhet
sand) into the pile will further increase the sub-soil stiffness; that means, good quality sand with FM.
2.5 should be used in SCP; cost of this sand, adequate number of SCP machines, driving, fuel to run
SCP machines, man power, facilities required for machine accessibility to the site, etc. and the cost
involved for QC test by the Consultant all should be considered as cost for this particular item.

6.2 Dynamic Compaction

Dynamic compaction method which can be considered as the quickest technique; it is a procedure
of compacting marginal materials in-place without the need for removal.The method consists of
providing high energy impacts at the ground surface by repeatedly dropping steel or concrete
tampers, 5 to 32 ton (6 -35 tons) in weight from heights ranging from 12 to 114 m (40- 120 ft).The
degree of soil improvement depends to a large degree upon the total amount of energy applied to the
soil, i.e., the more energy input to the soil, the greater the degree of improvement. The results of
treatment by dynamic compaction are dramatic and immediate.The depth of improvement is related
to the tamper weight and drop height, with improvement depths of3 to 9 m (10 to 30 ft) being
common. The depth of influence or re-compaction, D (in meters), is approximately given by: D= 0.5
(Wxh) 0.5, where W= weight of falling mass in metric ton and h= height of drop in meter. A simple

13
exercise shows that for compaction up to 6m depth to be effective, a W= 7.7 ton hammer (may be
consisted of a 1m x 1m x 1m iron block) is to be dropped from a height of 18.7m; as a result high
vibration will occur in the ground and the adjoining structures; very often its use is, however, limited
by the associated vibration that may cause real discomfort to the surrounding people and to some
extent to the adjoining structures; in some cases in Bangladesh, this method, after starting the
implementation process, was to be abandoned because of the fear of litigation.

In conclusion, both dynamic compaction and SCP installation methods can be used to improve
subsoil condition at locations surrounding BH 14, 20 and 27, and other similar surroundings;
however, dynamic compaction has basic limitation of resulting with uncomfortable vibration, which
may end-up with the risk of litigation from the neighboring people.

7. Filling work, material and compaction:

Level the existing ground at this elevation by excavation (if required) followed by removing
materials to safe distance, filling the place by using sand with FM<1.0; provide adequate compaction
at this level so as to obtain at least 90% Standard Proctor dry density;

The entire ground level will be elevated up to 5~6m; sand filling with sand having F.M. <1.0 in
200~250mm in layers (called lift) including leveling, dressing, watering and compaction;
approximate 25ton vibratory roller (static 13 ton and dynamic 12 ton capacity) to achieve the
minimum dry density of 90% of the laboratory density; use 5-8 % moisture with the fill sand which
will assist in easy compaction; at least 7 passes using the said roller must be given over a given point
of the planar area; after compaction of 1st lift, spread the 2nd lift of sand layer of 200~250mm as
before, moistened it with 5~8% water, and follow the same procedure as before to compact the area
with new lift of fill; at the end, do compaction up to finished level.

8. Quality Control (QC) Test:

8.1 Field Density Determination:

After compaction of each layer, field density measurements by ASTM D 1556 shall be done at the
rate of one test per 500 square meters or less of compacted area as desired by the Field Construction
Manager or clients representative. Test location shall be chosen through random sampling techniques
or as directed by the Field Construction Manager. Where the thickness of the compacted layer is
more than 150 mm, also the density measurements shall be done at the rate of one test per 500 sq.
meters for each 150 mm thick compacted layer of soils by removing soils of upper portion,
irrespective of higher compacted thickness of the layer.

8.2 QC scheme for filling work:

For quality control (QC) scheme, a representative number (defined by the Consultants) of Field Dry
Density (FDD) tests to be conducted on the compacted surface at various depths ranging from 0 ~18
inch; such QC test will be conducted after compaction work of every 1.0m filling work; at least one
FDD tests should be conducted per 500m2 of improved area; at least 90% compaction level will be
required to get approval to go ahead from the Engineer/ Consultant.All QC tests should be
conducted by BRTC, BUET.

14
8.3 QC work for SCP installation work:

For QC testing, sieve analysis of the sand used for piling to be tested at a regular intervals; occasional
SPT or CPT test to be performed at the centre of SCP piles up to the installation depth; a
representative number of SPT or CPT tests (defined by the Consultants engineer) will be conducted
as a part QC scheme; however, a few such tests (approximately 20% of locations) will also be
conducted at the centre of four such SCPs to observe the effects of SCP piles at the vicinity area.

15