Ganong'S Physiology

GANONGS PHYSIOLOGY
CHAPTER 1
1. The membrane potential of a particular cell is at the K+ equilibrium. The intracellular concentration for K+ is at 150 mmol/L and the
extracellular concentration for K+ is at 5.5 mmol/L. What is the resting potential?
A. 70 mV
B. 90 mV
C. +70 mV
D. +90 mV
2. The difference in concentration of H+ in a solution of pH 2.0 compared with one of pH 7.0 is
A. 5-fold
B. 1/5 as much
C. 105-fold
D. 105 as much
3. Transcription refers to
A. the process where an mRNA is used as a template for protein production.
B. the process where a DNA sequence is copied into RNA for the purpose of gene expression.
C. the process where DNA wraps around histones to form a nucleosome.
D. the process of replication of DNA prior to cell division.
4. The primary structure of a protein refers to
A. the twist, folds, or twist and folds of the amino acid sequence into stabilized structures within the protein (ie, -helices and -sheets).
B. the arrangement of subunits to form a functional structure.
C. the amino acid sequence of the protein.
D. the arrangement of twisted chains and folds within a protein into a stable structure.
5. Fill in the blanks: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose. _______ refers to the process of making glycogen and _______ refers to the process
of breakdown of glycogen.
A. glycogenolysis, glycogenesis
B. glycolysis, glycogenolysis
C. glycogenesis, glycogenolysis
D. glycogenolysis, glycolysis
6. The major lipoprotein source of the cholesterol used in cells is
A. chylomicrons
B. intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL)
C. albumin-bound free fatty acids
D. low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
E. high-density lipoproteins (HDL)
7. Which of the following produces the most high-energy phosphate compounds?
A. Aerobic metabolism of 1 mol of glucose
B. Anaerobic metabolism of 1 mol of glucose
C. Metabolism of 1 mol of galactose
D. Metabolism of 1 mol of amino acid
E. Metabolism of 1 mol of long-chain fatty acid
8. When LDL enters cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, which of the following does not occur?
A. Decrease in the formation of cholesterol from mevalonic acid
B. Increase in the intracellular concentration of cholesteryl esters
C. Increase in the transfer of cholesterol from the cell to HDL
D. Decrease in the rate of synthesis of LDL receptors
E. Decrease in the cholesterol in endosomes
CHAPTER 2
1. The electrogenic Na, K ATPase plays a critical role in cellular physiology by

A. using the energy in ATP to extrude 3 Na+ out of the cell in exchange for taking two K+ into the cell.
B. using the energy in ATP to extrude 3 K+ out of the cell in exchange for taking two Na+ into the cell.
C. using the energy in moving Na+ into the cell or K+ outside the cell to make ATP.
D. using the energy in moving Na+ outside of the cell or K+ inside the cell to make ATP.
2. Cell membranes
A. contain relatively few protein molecules.
B. contain many carbohydrate molecules.
C. are freely permeable to electrolytes but not to proteins.
D. have variable protein and lipid contents depending on their location in the cell.
E. have a stable composition throughout the life of the cell.
3. Second messengers
A. are substances that interact with first messengers outside cells.
B. are substances that bind to first messengers in the cell membrane.
C. are hormones secreted by cells in response to stimulation by another hormone
D. mediate the intracellular responses to many different hormones and neurotransmitters.
E. are not formed in the brain.
4. The Golgi complex
A. is an organelle that participates in the breakdown of proteins and lipids.
B. is an organelle that participates in posttranslational processing of proteins.
C. is an organelle that participates in energy production.
D. is an organelle that participates in transcription and translation.
E. is a subcellular compartment that stores proteins for trafficking to the nucleus.
5. Endocytosis
A. includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis, but not clathrin-mediated or caveolae-dependent uptake of extracellular contents.
B. refers to the merging of an intracellular vesicle with the plasma membrane to deliver intracellular contents to the extracellular milieu.
C. refers to the invagination of the plasma membrane to uptake extracellular contents into the cell.
D. refers to vesicular trafficking between Golgi stacks.
6. G-proteincoupled receptors
A. are intracellular membrane proteins that help regulate movement within the cell.
B. are plasma membrane proteins that couple the extracellular binding of primary signaling molecules to exocytosis.
C. are plasma membrane proteins that couple the extracellular binding of primary signaling molecules to the activation of heterotrimeric G-
proteins.
D. are intracellular proteins that couple the binding of primary messenger molecules with transcription.
7. Gap junctions are intercellular connections that
A. primarily serve to keep cells separated and allow for transport across a tissue barrier.
B. serve as a regulated cytoplasmic bridge for sharing of small molecules between cells.
C. serve as a barrier to prevent protein movement within the cellular membrane.
D. are cellular components for constitutive exocytosis that occurs between adjacent cells.
8. F-actin is a component of the cellular cytoskeleton that
A. provides a structural component for cell movement.
B. is defined as the functional form of actin in the cell.
C. refers to the actin subunits that provide the molecular building blocks of the extended actin molecules found in the cell.
D. provides the molecular architecture for cell to cell communication.

Ganong'S Physiology

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ganong'S Physiology

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ganong'S Physiology

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GANONGS PHYSIOLOGY

1. The electrogenic Na, K ATPase plays a critical role in cellular physiology by

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.