Solutionbank FP1: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics

Heinemann Solutionbank: Further Pure FP1 Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Series
Exercise A, Question 1
Question:
Write out each of the following as a sum of terms, and hence calculate the sum of the series.
10
a r
r=1
8
b p2
p=3
10
c r3
r=1
10
d (2p 2 + 3)
p=1
5
e (7r + 1)2
r=0
4
f 2i(3 4i 2)
i=1
Solution:
a 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = 55
b 32 + 42 + 52 + 62 + 72 + 82 = 199
c 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53 + 63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103 = 3025
{notice that this result is the square of the result for (a)}
d 5 + 11 + 21 + 35 + 53 + 75 + 101 + 131 + 165 + 203 = 800
e 1 + 64 + 225 + 484 + 841 + 1296 = 2911
f 2 52 198 488 = 740
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_5_a_1.html 3/18/2013
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Write each of the following as a sum of terms, showing the first three terms and the last term.
n
a (7r 1)
r=1
n
b (2r 3 + 1)
r=1
n
c (j 4)(j + 4)
j=1
k
d p(p + 3)
p=3
Solution:
a 6 + 13 + 20 + + (7n 1)
b 3 + 17 + 55 + + (2n3 + 1)
c 15 12 7 + + (n 4)(n + 4)
d 18 + 28 + 40 + + k(k + 3)
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
In each part of this question write out, as a sum of terms, the two series defined by f (r); for example, in part c, write out
10 10
the series r 2 and r. Hence, state whether the given statements relating their sums are true or not.
r=1 r=1
n n+1
a (3r + 1) = (3r 2)
r=1 r=2
n n
b 2r = 2r
r=1 r=0
2
10 10
c r 2 = r
r=1 1
2
4 4
d r 3 = r
r=1 r=1
n n
e 3r 2 + 4 = 3 r 2 + 4
r=1 r=1
Solution:
a The two series are exactly the same, 4 + 7 + 10 + + (3n + 1), and so their sums are the same.
b The two series are exactly the same, 2 + 4 + 6 + + 2n, and so their sums are the same.
c The statement is not true.

r=10
r 2 = 12 + 22 + 32 + + 10 2 = 385 (using your calculator)
r=1
2
10
r = (1 + 2 + 3 + 10)2 = 552 = 3025.

r=1
2
n n
[This one example is enough to prove r = r for all n is not true]
2

r=1 r=1
d This statement is true.
4
r3 = 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 = 100
r=1
2
4
r = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4)2 = 102 = 100

r=1
2
n n
[This does not prove that r 3 = r for all n; but it is true and this will be proved in Chapter 6]
r=1 r=1
e The statement is not true.
n
3r 2 + 4 { } { } { } {
= 3 12 + 4 + 3 22 + 4 + 3 32 + 4 + + 3n 2 + 4 }
r=1
}
= 3{12 + 22 + 32 + + n 2 + 4n
n
3 r2 + 4 = 3{12 + 22 + 32 + + n 2} + 4
r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Express these series using notation.
a 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10
b 1 + 8 + 27 + 64 + 125 + 216 + 243 + 512
c 11 + 21 + 35 + + (2n2 + 3)
d 11 + 21 + 35 + + (2n2 4n + 5)
e 3 5 + 5 7 + 7 9 + + (2r 1)(2r + 1) + to k terms.
Solution:
Answers are not unique (two examples are given, and any letter may be used for r)
10 8
a r, (r + 2)
r=3 r=1
8 9
b r 3, (r 1)3
r=1 r=2
n n+1
c (2r 2 + 3), (2r 2 4r + 5)
r=2 r=3
n n1
d (2r 2 4r + 5), (2r 2 + 3).
r=3 r=2
k +1 k
e (2r 1)(2r + 1), (2r + 1)(2r + 3)
r=2 r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Exercise B, Question 1
Question:
n
Use the result for r to calculate
r=1
36
a r
r=1
99
b r
r=1
55
c p
p=10
200
d r
r=100
k 80
e r + r, where k < 80.
r=1 r=k+1
Solution:
36 37
a = 666
2
99 100
b = 4950
2
55 9
55 56 9 10
c p p= = 1540 45 = 1495
p=1 p=1
2 2
200 99
200 201 99 100
d r r= 2

2
= 20100 4950 = 15150
r=1 r=1
k 80 80
80 81
e r+ r= r= 2
= 3240
r=1 r=k +1 r=1
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_5_b_1.html 3/18/2013
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
Given that r = 528,
r=1
a show that n 2 + n 1056 = 0
b find the value of n.
Solution:
n
a (n + 1) = 528 n(n + 1) = 1056 n 2 + n 1056 = 0
2
b Factorising: (n 32)(n + 33) = 0 (or use the formula) n = 32, as n cannot be negative.
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2n1
a Find k.
k=1
2n1
3n
b Hence show that k= (n 1), n 2.
k =n+1
2
Solution:
(2n 1){(2n 1) + 1} (2n 1)(2n)

a = = n(2n 1)
2 2
2n1 n
n n n
k k = n(2n 1) 2 (n + 1) = {2(2n 1) (n + 1)} = (3n 3)
2 2
k =1 k =1
3n
= (n 1)
2
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2k
(k + 2)(3k 1)
Show that r= ,k 1
r=k 1
2
Solution:
2k k 2
2k (k 2) (4k 2 + 2k) (k 2 3k + 2)
r r=
2
(2k + 1)
2
(k 1) =
2
r=1 r=1
3k 2 + 5k 2 (3k 1)(k + 2)
= =
2 2
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n2 n
n(n3 1)
a Show that r r= 2
.
r=1 r=1
81
b Hence evaluate r.
r=10
Solution:
n 2(n 2 + 1) n(n + 1) n
a
2

2
=
2 {
n(n 2 + 1) (n + 1) } = n2 (n3 1)
81 92 9
9 3
b r= r r= (9 1) [using part (a)] = 3276.
r=10 r=1 r=1
2
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Exercise C, Question 1
Question:
n n
(In this exercise use the results for r and 1.)
r=1 r=1
Calculate the sum of the series:
55
a (3r 1)
r=1
90
b (2 7r)
r=1
46
c (9 + 2r)
r=1
Solution:
55 55
55 56
a3 r 1 = 3 2
55 = 4565
r=1 r=1
90 90
90 91
b2 1 7 r = 2 90 7 2
= 28485
r=1 r=1
46 46
46 47
c9 1 + 2 r = 9 46 + 2 2
= 2576
r=1 r=1
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_5_c_1.html 3/18/2013
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Show that
n
n
a (3r + 2) = 2
(3n + 7)
r=1
2n
b (5i 4) = n(10n 3)
i=1
n+2
c (2r + 3) = (n + 2)(n + 6)
r=1
d
n
(4p + 5) = (2n + 11)(n 2)
p=3
Solution:
n n
n n n
a3 r + 2 1 = 3 2 (n + 1) + 2n = 2
(3n + 3 + 4) = (3n + 7)
2
r=1 r=1
2n 2n
2n
b5 i4 1 = 5 (2n + 1) 4(2n) = n(10n + 5 8) = n(10n 3)
i=1 i=1
2
n+2 n+2
(n + 2)
c2 r+3 1 =2
2
(n + 3) + 3(n + 2) = (n + 2)(n + 3 + 3) = (n + 2)(n + 6)
r=1 r=1
n n 2

4 p + 5 1 (4p + 5) =
p=1 p=1
{4 n
2
(n + 1) + 5n } (9 + 13)
p=1
= 2n 2 + 7n 22 = (2n + 11)(n 2)
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
k
a Show that (4r 5) = 2k 2 3k.
r=1
k
b Find the smallest value of k for which (4r 5) > 4850.
r=1
Solution:
k k
k
a4 r 5 1 = 4 2 (k + 1) 5k = 2k 2 3k
r=1 r=1
b 2k 2 3k > 4850 2k 2 3k 4850 > 0 (2k + 97)(k 50) > 0,
so k > 50 [k is positive] k = 51
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
Given that ur = ar + b and ur = (7n + 1), find the constants a and b.
r=1
2
Solution:
n
an an 2 + (a + 2b)n
(ar + b) = 2
(n + 1) + bn =
2
r=1
7n 2 + n
Comparing with a = 7 and a + 2b = 1
2
So a = 7, b = 3
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
4n1
a Show that (1 + 3r) = 24n 2 2n 1 n 1.
r=1
99
b Hence calculate (1 + 3r).
r=1
Solution:
4n1 4n1
(4n 1)(4n)
a 1+3 r = (4n 1) + 3 = (4n 1)(1 + 6n) = 24n 2 2n 1
2
r=1 r=1
b Substituting n = 25 into above result gives 14949
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2k+1
Show that (4 5r) = (2k + 1)(5k + 1), k 0
r=1
Solution:
2k+1 2k+1
(2k + 1)
4 15 r = 4(2k + 1) 5 (2k + 2) = (2k + 1){4 5(k + 1)}
2
r=1 r=1
= (2k + 1)(1 5k ) = (2k + 1)(5k + 1)
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Exercise D, Question 1
Question:
n
n
Verify that r2 = 6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) is true for n = 1, 2 and 3.
r=1
Solution:
n
n 1
For n = 1, r 2 = 12 = 1, 6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) = (1 + 1)(2 + 1) = 1
6
r=1
n
n 2
For n = 2, r 2 = 12 + 22 = 5, 6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) = (2 + 1)(4 + 1) = 5
6
r=1
n
n 3
For n = 3, r 2 = 12 + 22 + 32 = 14, 6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) = (3 + 1)(6 + 1) = 14
6
r=1
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_5_d_1.html 3/18/2013
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
a By writing out each series, evaluate r for n = 1, 2, 3 and 4.
r=1
n
b By writing out each series, evaluate r 3 for n = 1, 2, 3 and 4.
r=1
c What do you notice about the corresponding results for each value of n ?
Solution:
1 2 3 4
a r = 1; r = 1 + 2 = 3; r = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6; r = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
1 2 3 4
b r 3 = 1; r 3 = 13 + 23 = 9; r 3 = 13 + 23 + 33 = 36; r 3 = 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 = 100
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
c The results for (b) are the square of the results for (a)
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Using the appropriate formula, evaluate
100
a r2
r=1
40
b r2
r=20
30
c r3
r=1
45
d r3
r=25
Solution:
100
a 101 201 = 338350
6
40 19
40 19
b r2 r2 = 6
41 81
6
20 39 = 22140 2470 = 19670
r= 1 r= 1
30 2 312
c = 216225
4
45 24
452 462 242 252
d r3 r3 = 4

4
= 1071225 90000 = 981225
r =1 r =1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n n
Use the formula for r 2 or r 3 to find the sum of
r=1 r=1
a 12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + + 522
b 23 + 33 + 43 + + 403
c 262 + 272 + 282 + 292 + + 1002
d 12 + 22 + 32 + + (k + 1)2
e 13 + 23 + 33 + + (2n 1)3
Solution:
52
52
a r2 = 6
53 105 = 48230
r=1
40
40 2 412
b r3 1 = 4
1 = 672399
r=1
100 25
100 25
c r2 r2 = 6
101 201
6
26 51 = 338350 5525 = 332825
r=1 r=1
k +1
(k + 1)
d r2 = 6
(k + 2)(2k + 3)
r=1
2n1
(2n 1)2(2n)2
e r3 = = n 2(2n 1)2
4
r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
For each of the following series write down, in terms of n, the sum, giving the result in its simplest form
2n
a r2
r=1
n 2 1
b r2
r=1
2n1
c i2
i=1
n+1
d r3
r=1
3n
e k 3, n > 0.
k =n+1
Solution:
(2n) n
a (2n + 1)(4n + 1) = (2n + 1)(4n + 1)
6 3
(n 2 1)n 2(2n 2 1)
b
6
(2n 1) (2n 1) n
c (2n)[2(2n 1) + 1] = (2n)(4n 1) = (2n 1)(4n 1)
6 6 3
(n + 1)2(n + 2)2
d
4
3n n
(3n)2(3n + 1)2 n 2(n + 1)2 n2
k3 k3 =
4

4
= {9(3n + 1)2 (n + 1)2}
4
r=1 r=1
n2
= {3(3n + 1) (n + 1)}{3(3n + 1) + (n + 1)}[using a 2 b2 = (a b)(a + b)]
4
n2
= {(8n + 2)(10n + 4)}
4
2
= n (4n + 1)(5n + 2)
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Show that
n
1
a r2 = 6
(n 1)(2n 2 + 5n + 6)
r=2
2n
n
b r2 = (n + 1)(14n + 1)
r=n
6
Solution:
n 2n3 + 3n 2 + n 6 (n 1)(2n 2 + 5n + 6)
a (n + 1)(2n + 1) 1 = = [use factor theorem]
6 6 6
2n n1
2n (n 1)
r2 r2 =
6
(2n + 1)(4n + 1)
6
n(2n 1)
r=1 r=1
n
= {2(2n + 1)(4n + 1) (n 1)(2n 1)}
6
n n
{(16n 2 + 12n + 2) (2n 2 3n + 1)} = (14n 2 + 15n + 1)
6 6
n
= (14n + 1)(n + 1)
6
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2n
3n 2(n + 1)(5n + 1)
a Show that k3 =
k =n
4
60
b Find k 3.
k =30
Solution:
2n n1
(2n)2(2n + 1)2 (n 1)2n 2
k3 k3 =
4

4
k =1 k=1
n2
= {4(2n + 1)2 (n 1)2}
4
n2
= [{2(2n + 1) + (n 1)}{2(2n + 1) (n 1)} Difference of two squares
4
n2 3n 2
= (5n + 1)(3n + 3) = (5n + 1)(n + 1)
4 4
b Substituting n = 30 into (a) gives 3 159 675
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2n
a Show that r 3 = n 2(2n + 1)2.
r=1
n n n
b By writing out the series for (2r)3, show that (2r)3 = 8 r 3.
r=1 r=1 r=1
2n n
c Show that 13 + 33 + 53 + + (2n 1)3 can be written as r 3 (2r)3.
r= 1 r= 1
d Hence show that the sum of the cubes of the first n odd natural numbers, 13 + 33 + 53 + + (2n 1)3, is n 2(2n 2 1).
Solution:
2n
(2n )2(2n + 1)2
a r3 = 4
= n 2(2n + 1)2.
r= 1
n n
b (2r)3 = 23 + 43 + 63 + + (2n)3 = 23{13 + 23 + 33 + + n3} = 8 r 3.
r= 1 r= 1
13 + 33 + 53 + + (2n 1)3 = {13 + 23 + 33 + + (2n 1)3 + (2n)3} {23 + 43 + 63 + + (2n)3}

2n n
= r 3 (2r)3 .
r=1 r=1
2n n
d Using the results in parts (b) and (c), 13 + 33 + 53 + + (2n 1)3 = r3 8 r3
r=1 r=1
n
2 2 3
= n (2n + 1) 8 r (using(a))
r=1
8n 2(n + 1)2
= n 2(2n + 1)2
4
= n 2[(2n + 1)2 2(n + 1)2]
2 2 2
= n [(4n + 4n + 1) 2(n + 2n + 1)]
= n 2(2n 2 1)
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Exercise E, Question 1
Question:
n n n n
Use the formulae for r 3, r 2, r and 1, where appropriate, to find
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
30
a (m2 1)
m=1
40
b r(r + 4)
r=1
80
c r(r 2 + 3)
r=1
35
d (r 3 2).
r=11
Solution:
30
30 31 61
a m 2 30 =
6
30 = 9425
m=1
40 40
40 41 81 40 41
b r2 + 4 r = 6
+4
2
= 22140 + 3280 = 25420
r=1 r=1
80 80
802 812 80 81
c r3 + 3 r = 4
+3
2
= 10497600 + 9720 = 10507 320
r=1 r=1
35 10 35 10
d (r 3 2) (r 3 2) = r 3 2(35) r 3 2(10)
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
35 10
352 362 102 112
r 3 r 3 2(35 10) = 4

4
50 = 396900 3025 50 = 393825.
r=1 r=1
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_5_e_1.html 3/18/2013
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n n n
Use the formulae for r 3, r 2, and r, where appropriate, to find
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
a (r 2 + 4r)
r=1
n
b r(2r 2 1)
r=1
2n
c r 2(1 + r), giving your answer in its simplest form.
r=1
Solution:
n n
n(n + 1)(2n + 1) 4n(n + 1) n(n + 1){(2n + 1) + 12} n
a r2 + 4 r = 6
+
2
=
6
= (n + 1)(2n + 13)
6
r=1 r=1
n n
2n 2(n + 1)2 n(n + 1) n(n + 1){n(n + 1) 1} n
b2 r3 r = 4

2
=
2
= (n + 1)(n 2 + n 1)
2
r=1 r=1
2n 2n
2n(2n + 1)(4n + 1) (2n)2(2n + 1)2 n(2n + 1){(4n + 1) + 3n(2n + 1)}
r2 + r3 =
6
+
4
=
3
r=1 r=1
n n
= (2n + 1)(6n 2 + 7n + 1) = (n + 1)(2n + 1)(6n + 1)
3 3
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
a Write out r(r + 1) as a sum, showing at least the first three terms and the final term.
r=1
n n
bUse the results for r and r 2 to calculate
r=1 r=1
1 2 + 2 3 + 3 4 + 4 5 + 5 6 + + 60 61.
Solution:
a 1 2 + 2 3 + 3 4 + + n(n + 1)
60 60
60 61 121 60 61
b Putting n = 60: r2 + r = 6
+
2
= 73810 + 1830 = 75640
r=1 r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n 2
a Show that (r + 2)(r + 5) = 3
(n + 12n + 41).
r=1
50
b Hence calculate (r + 2)(r + 5).
r=10
Solution:
a
n n n n
(r 2 + 7r + 10) = r 2 + 7 r + 10 1
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
n n
= (n + 1)(2n + 1) + 7 (n + 1) + 10n
6 2
n 2
= {(2n + 3n + 1) + 21(n + 1) + 60}
6
n n
= (2n 2 + 24n + 82) = (n 2 + 12n + 41)
6 3
b Substituting n = 50 and n = 9 in the formula in (a), and subtracting, gives 51 660.
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
(n 1)n(n + 1)(n + 2)
a Show that (r 1)r(r + 1) = 4
.
r=2
b Hence find the sum of the series 13 14 15 + 14 15 16 + 15 16 17 + + 44 45 46.
Solution:
a
n n n n
n 2(n + 1)2 n
(r 3 r) = (r 3 r) = r3 r = 4
(n + 1)
2
r=2 r=1 r=1 r=1
n(n + 1) 2
= (n + n 2)
4
n
= (n + 1){n 2 + n 2}
4
n (n 1)n(n + 1)(n + 2)
= (n + 1)(n + 2)(n 1) =
4 4
45 45 13
44 45 46 47 12 13 14 15
b (r 1)r(r + 1) = (r 1)r(r + 1) (r 1)r(r + 1) =
4 4
r=14 r=2 r=2
= 1 062 000
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Find the following sums, and check your results for the cases n = 1, 2 and 3.
n
a (r 3 1)
r=1
n
b (2r 1)2
r=1
n
c r(r + 1)2
r=1
Solution:
n n
n 2(n + 1)2 n n
a r3 1 = 4
n = {n(n + 1)2 4} = (n3 + 2n 2 + n 4)
4 4
r=1 r=1
1
n 3 10
When n = 1 : (r 3 1) = 0; 4
(n + 2n 2 + n 4) =
4
=0
r=1
2
n 3 2 14
When n = 2 : (r 3 1) = 0 + 7 = 7; 4
(n + 2n 2 + n 4) =
4
=7
r=1
3
n 3 3 44
When n = 3 : (r 3 1) = 0 + 7 + 26 = 33; 4
(n + 2n 2 + n 4) =
4
= 33
r=1
b
n n n n
4n(n + 1)(2n + 1) 4n(n + 1)
(4r 2 4r + 1) =4 r2 4 r + 1 = 6

2
+n
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
n
=
3 { 2
2(2n + 3n + 1) 6(n + 1) + 3 } = n3 (4n2 1)
1
n 13
When n = 1 : (4r 2 4r + 1) = 1; 3
(4n 2 1) =
3
=1
r=1
2
n 2 15
When n = 2 : (4r 2 4r + 1) = 1 + 9 = 10; 3
(4n 2 1) =
3
= 10
r=1
3
n 3 35
When n = 3 : (4r 2 4r + 1) = 1 + 9 + 25 = 35; 3
(4n 2 1) =
3
= 35
r=1
n n n n
n 2(n + 1)2 2n(n + 1)(2n + 1) n(n + 1)
(r 3 + 2r 2 + r) = r3 + 2 r 2 + r = 4
+
6
+
2
r=1 r=1 r=1 r=1
n(n + 1) n(n + 1)
= {3n(n + 1) + 4(2n + 1) + 6} = {3n 2 + 11n + 10}
12 12
n
= (n + 1)(n + 2)(3n + 5)
12
1
n 1238
When n = 1 : r(r + 1)2 = 1 4 = 4; 12
(n + 1)(n + 2)(3n + 5) =
12
=4
r=1
2
n 2 3 4 11
When n = 2 : r(r + 1)2 = 4 + 2 9 = 22; 12
(n + 1)(n + 2)(3n + 5) =
12
= 22
r=1
3
n 3 4 5 14
When n = 3 : r(r + 1)2 = 22 + 3 16 = 70; 12
(n + 1)(n + 2)(3n + 5) =
12
= 70
r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n 2
a Show that r 2(r 1) = 12
(n 1)(3n + 2).
r=1
b Deduce the sum of 1 22 + 2 32 + 3 42 + + 30 312.
Solution:
a
n n
n 2(n + 1)2 n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
r3 r 2 =
4

6
r=1 r=1
n(n + 1)
= {3n(n + 1) 2(2n + 1)}
12
n(n + 1)
= (3n 2 n 2)
12
n(n + 1)(n 1)(3n + 2) n(n 2 1)(3n + 2)
= =
12 12
31 31
b As r 2(r 1) = r 2(r 1), substitute n = 31 in (a); sum = 235 600
r=2 r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that (r 1)(r + 1) = 6
(2n + 5)(n 1).
r=2
b Hence sum the series 1 3 + 2 4 + 3 5 + + 35 37.
Solution:
n n
a [ (r 2 1) = (r 2 1) as when r = 1 the term is zero]
r=2 r=1
n n n
n
(r 2 1) = r 2 1 =
6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) n
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= {(2n 2 + 3n + 1) 6}
6
n
= (2n 2 + 3n 5)
6
n
= (2n + 5)(n 1)
6
36
b 1 3 + 2 4 + 3 5 + + 35 37 = (r 1)(r + 1)
r=1
Substituting n = 36 into result in (a) gives 16 170
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
12
a Write out the series defined by r(2 + 3r), and hence find its sum.
r=7
2n
n
b Show that r(2 + 3r) = (14n 2 + 15n + 3).
r=n+1
2
c By substituting the appropriate value of n into the formula in b, check that your answer for a is correct.
Solution:
a 7 23 + 8 26 + 9 29 + 10 32 + 11 35 + 12 38 = 1791.
2n 2n n
b (2r + 3r 2) = (2r + 3r 2) (2r + 3r 2)
r=n+1 r=1 r=1
n n n
n
(2r + 3r 2) = 2 r + 3 r 2 = n(n + 1) + (n + 1)(2n + 1)
2
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= (n + 1){2 + (2n + 1)}
2
n
= (n + 1)(2n + 3)
2
2n
(2r + 3r 2) = n(2n + 1)(4n + 3)
r=1
2n
n
(2r + 3r 2) = n(2n + 1)(4n + 3) (n + 1)(2n + 3)
2
r=n+1
n
= {2(2n + 1)(4n + 3) (n + 1)(2n + 3)}
2
n
= {(16n 2 + 20n + 6) (2n 2 + 5n + 3)}
2
n
= (14n 2 + 15n + 3)
2
c Substituting n = 6 gives 1791
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Find the sum of the series 1 1 + 2 3 + 3 5 + to n terms.
Solution:
n
Series can be written as r(2r 1)
r=1
n n n
n n
r(2r 1) = 2 r 2 r = 2 (n + 1)(2n + 1) (n + 1)
6 2
r=1 r=1 r=1
n(n + 1){2(2n + 1) 3}
=
6
n(n + 1)(4n 1)
=
6
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Exercise F, Question 1
Question:
n
a Write down the first three terms and the last term of the series given by (2r + 3r ).
r=1
b Find the sum of this series.
c Verify that your result in b is correct for the cases n = 1, 2 and 3.
Solution:
a (2 + 3) + (4 + 32 ) + (6 + 33) + + (2n + 3n ) [= 5 + 13 + 33 + + (2n + 3n )]
n n n
3
b (2r + 3r ) = 2 r + 3r = n(n + 1) + 2 (3n 1) [AP + GP]
r=1 r=1 r=1
n = 1: (b) gives 2 + 3 = 5, agrees with (a)
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_5_f_1.html 3/18/2013
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Find
50
a (7r + 5)
r=1
40
b (2r 2 1)
r=1
75
c r 3.
r=33
Solution:
50 50
7 50 51
a7 r+5 1= 2
+ 5(50) = 9175
r=1 r=1
40 40
40(41)(81)
b2 r2 1 = 3
40 = 44 240
r=1 r=1
75 32
752 762 322 332
c r3 r3 = 4

4
= 7 843 716
r=1 r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
Given that Ur = n 2 + 4n,
r=1
n1
a find Ur.
r=1
b Deduce an expression for Un .
2n
c Find Ur.
r=n
Solution:
a Replacing n with (n 1) gives (n 1)2 + 4(n 1) = n 2 + 2n 3
n n 1
b Un = Ur Ur = n 2 + 4n (n 2 + 2n 3) = 2n + 3
r= 1 r= 1
2n n 1
c Ur Ur = (4n 2 + 8n) (n 2 + 2n 3) = 3n 2 + 6n + 3 = 3(n + 1)2
r= 1 r= 1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
30
Evaluate r(3r 1)
r=1
Solution:
30 30
3 30 31 61 30 31
3 r2 r = 6

2
= 28365 465 = 27900
r=1 r=1
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
Find r 2(r 3).
r=1
Solution:
n n
n2 n
r3 3 r2 =
4
(n + 1)2 (n + 1)(2n + 1)
2
r=1 r=1
n
= (n + 1){n(n + 1) 2(2n + 1)}
4
n
= (n + 1)(n 2 3n 2)
4
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2n
2n
Show that (2r 1)2 = 3
(16n 2 1).
r=1
Solution:
2n 2n 2n
4
4 r2 4 r + 1 =
3
n(2n + 1)(4n + 1) 4n(2n + 1) + 2n
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= {4(2n + 1)(4n + 1) 12(2n + 1) + 6}
3
n
= {32n 2 + 24n + 4 12(2n + 1) + 6}
3
n
= (32n 2 2)
3
2n
= (16n 2 1)
3
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that r(r + 2) = 6
(n + 1)(2n + 7).
r=1
b Using this result, or otherwise, find in terms of n, the sum of 3log2 + 4log22 + 5log23 + + (n + 2)log2n.
Solution:
a
n n
n n
r2 + 2 r =
6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) + 2 (n + 1)
2
r=1 r=1
n
= (n + 1){(2n + 1) + 6}
6
n
= (n + 1)(2n + 7)
6
b
n n
The series is : (r + 2)log2r = r(r + 2)log2 as log2r = r log2
r=1 r=1
n
= log2 r(r + 2) as log2 is a constant
r=1
n
= (n + 1)(2n + 7) log2
6
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
2n
n
Show that r2 = (n + 1)(an + b), where a and b are constants to be found.
r=n
6
Solution:
2n 2n n1
(2n)(2n + 1)(4n + 1) (n 1)n(2n 1)
r2 = r2 r2 =
6

6
r=n r=1 r=1
n
= {2(8n 2 + 6n + 1) (2n 2 3n + 1)}
6
n
= (14n 2 + 15n + 1)
6
n
= (n + 1)(14n + 1) a = 14, b = 1
6
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that (r 2 r 1) = 3
(n 2)(n + 2).
r=1
40
b Hence calculate (r 2 r 1).
r=10
Solution:
a
n n n
n n
r2 r 1 =
6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) (n + 1) n
2
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= {(n + 1)(2n + 1) 3(n + 1) 6}
6
n
= (2n 2 8)
6
n
= (n 2 4)
3
n
= (n 2)(n + 2)
3
40 40 9
b (r 2 r 1) = (r 2 r 1) (r 2 r 1)
r=10 r=1 r=1
Substitute n = 40 and n = 9 into the result for part (a), and subtract.
The result is 21280 230 = 21049
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that r(2r 2 + 1) = 2
(n + 1)(n 2 + n + 1).
r=1
58
b Hence calculate r(2r 2 + 1).
r=26
Solution:
a
n n
n 2(n + 1)2 n
2 r3 + r =
2
+ (n + 1)
2
r=1 r=1
n
= (n + 1){n(n + 1) + 1}
2
n
= (n + 1)(n 2 + n + 1)
2
b Substitute n = 58 and n = 25 into the result for (a), and subtract. The result = 5654178.
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
Find
n
a r(3r 1)
r=1
n
b (r + 2)(3r + 5)
r=1
n
c (2r 3 2r + 1).
r=1
Solution:
n n
n(n + 1)(2n + 1) n(n + 1) n(n + 1)
a3 r2 r = 2

2
=
2
(2n + 1 1) = n 2(n + 1)
r=1 r=1
b
n n n
n(n + 1)(2n + 1) 11n(n + 1)
3 r 2 + 11 r + 10 1 =
2
+
2
+ 10n
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= {(2n 2 + 3n + 1) + 11(n + 1) + 20}
2
n
= (2n 2 + 14n + 32) = n(n 2 + 7n + 16)
2
c
n n n
n 2(n + 1)2
2 r3 2 r + 1 =
2
n(n + 1) + n
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= {n(n + 1)2 2(n + 1) + 2]
2
n n2
= {n(n + 1)2 2n} = (n 2 + 2n 1)
2 2
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that r(r + 1) = 3
(n + 1)(n + 2).
r=1
60
b Hence calculate r(r + 1).
r=31
Solution:
a
n n
n n n
r2 + r = 6
(n + 1)(2n + 1) + (n + 1) = (n + 1){2n + 1 + 3}
2 6
r=1 r=1
n
= (n + 1)(n + 2)
3
b Substitute n = 60 and n = 30 into the result for part (a), and subtract. The result = 65720.
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that r(r + 1)(r + 2) = 4
(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3).
r=1
b Hence evaluate 3 4 5 + 4 5 6 + 5 6 7 + + 40 41 42.
Solution:
a
n n n
n2 n
r3 + 3 r2 + 2 r =
4
(n + 1)2 + (n + 1)(2n + 1) + n(n + 1)
2
r=1 r=1 r=1
n
= (n + 1){(n(n + 1) + 2(2n + 1) + 4}
4
n
= (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)
4
40
b 3 4 5 + 4 5 6 + 5 6 7 + + 40 41 42 = r(r + 1)(r + 2)
r=3
40 40 2
r(r + 1)(r + 2) = r(r + 1)(r + 2) r(r + 1)(r + 2)
r=3 r=1 r=1
40 41 42 43 2 3 4 5
= = 740430
4 4
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
n
n
a Show that r{2(n r) + 1} = 6
(n + 1)(2n + 1).
r=1
b Hence sum the series (2n 1) + 2(2n 3) + 3(2n 5) + + n
Solution:
n n
a Series can be written as (2n + 1) r 2 r 2 as n is a constant.
r=1 r=1
n n
= (2n + 1) (n + 1) (n + 1)(2n + 1)
2 3
n
= (n + 1)(2n + 1)
6
n
b r[2(n r) + 1] = (2n 1) + 2[(2n 4) + 1] + 3[(2n 6) + 1] + + n[2(n n) + 1]
r=1
= (2n 1) + 2(2n + 3) + 3(2n + 5) + + n, the series in part (b).
n
The sum, therefore, is (n + 1)(2n + 1)
6
Solutionbank FP1
Series
Question:
a Show that when n is even,
n
3
13 23 + 33 n3 = 13 + 23 + 33 + + n3 1613 + 23 + 33 + +
2

n
n 2
= r 3 16 r 3 .
r=1 r=1
n2
b Hence show that, for n even, 13 23 + 33 n 3 = (2n + 3)
4
c Deduce the sum of 13 23 + 33 403.
Solution:
13 23 + 33 n3 = (13 + 23 + 33 + + n3) 2(23 + 43 + 63 + + n3)

n 3
= (13 + 23 + 33 + + n3) 223(13 + 23 + 33 + +

2

()
as n is even

3
= (13 + 23 + 33 + + n3) 1613 + 23 + 33 + +

n
2

()
n
n 2 n
= r 3
16 r3 [As n is even,
2
is an integer]
r=1 r=1
n 2 2
n 2 n2 ( n ) ( n2 + 1)
r r
3 3 2
16 = (n + 1)2 16
4 4
r=1 r=1
n2
n 2 (n + 2)2
= (n + 1)2 4
4 4 4
n2 n 2
= (n + 1)2 (n + 2)2
4 4
n2
= {(n + 1)2 (n + 2)2}
4
n2 n2
= (2n 3) = (2n + 3)
4 4
c Substituting n = 40, gives 33200.

Solutionbank FP1: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics

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Solutionbank FP1: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics

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Heinemann Solutionbank: Further Pure FP1 Page 1 of 1

d 5 + 11 + 21 + 35 + 53 + 75 + 101 + 131 + 165 + 203 = 800

e 1 + 64 + 225 + 484 + 841 + 1296 = 2911

f 2 52 198 488 = 740

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c The statement is not true.

d This statement is true.

e The statement is not true.

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Express these series using notation.

b 1 + 8 + 27 + 64 + 125 + 216 + 243 + 512

e 3 5 + 5 7 + 7 9 + + (2r 1)(2r + 1) + to k terms.

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a show that n 2 + n 1056 = 0

b find the value of n.

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(2n 1){(2n 1) + 1} (2n 1)(2n)

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Calculate the sum of the series:

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b 2k 2 3k > 4850 2k 2 3k 4850 > 0 (2k + 97)(k 50) > 0,

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b Substituting n = 25 into above result gives 14949

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Using the appropriate formula, evaluate

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c 262 + 272 + 282 + 292 + + 1002

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b Substituting n = 30 into (a) gives 3 159 675

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13 + 33 + 53 + + (2n 1)3 = {13 + 23 + 33 + + (2n 1)3 + (2n)3} {23 + 43 + 63 + + (2n)3}

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b Substituting n = 50 and n = 9 in the formula in (a), and subtracting, gives 51 660.

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b Hence find the sum of the series 13 14 15 + 14 15 16 + 15 16 17 + + 44 45 46.

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b Deduce the sum of 1 22 + 2 32 + 3 42 + + 30 312.

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b Hence sum the series 1 3 + 2 4 + 3 5 + + 35 37.

Substituting n = 36 into result in (a) gives 16 170

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c Substituting n = 6 gives 1791

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Find the sum of the series 1 1 + 2 3 + 3 5 + to n terms.