Solutionbank FP1: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Solutionbank FP1: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Solutionbank FP1: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise A, Question 1
Question:
a (11 03)
b 1 ( 2)
(3 0 1)
c 1 2 1
d (1 2 3)
e ( 3 1)
1 0 0
f 0 1 0
0 0 1
Solution:
a (11 03) is 2 2
( 2)
b 1 is 2 1
(3 0 1)
c 1 2 1 is 2 3
d (1 2 3) is 1 3
e ( 3 1) is 1 2
1 0 0
f 0 1 0 is 3 3
0 0 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise A, Question 2
Question:
A= 2 1 , B= 4 1 , C= 6 0 ,
( ) ( ) ( )
1 3 1 2 0 1
find
a A+C
b BA
c A+ B C .
Solution:
a 2 1 + 6 0 = 8 1
( 1 3 ) ( 0 1 ) (1 4 )
b (14 21 ) (12 13 ) = (22 52 )
c 2 1 + 4
(1 3 ) (1 12) (60 01) = (00 00)
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise A, Question 3
Question:
()
A= 1 , B= (1 1) , C= ( 1 1 0 ),
2
( )
D= ( 0 1 1) , E= 3 , F= ( 2 1 3),
1
a A+B
b AE
c F D+C
d B+C
e F(D+C)
f AF
g C(FD).
Solution:
a A + B is (2 1) + (1 2) Not possible
b A E = 1 3 = 2 .
(2) (1) ( 3 )
c
F D + C = ( 2 1 3) ( 0 1 1) + ( 1 1 0)
= (1 1 4)
d B + C is (1 2) + (1 3) Not possible
F (D + C) = ( 2 1 3) [(0 1 1) + ( 1 1 0)]
= ( 2 1 3) ( 1 2 1)
= ( 3 1 4)
f A F = (2 1) (1 3) Not possible.
C (F D) = ( 1 1 0) [(2 1 3) ( 0 1 1)]
= ( 1 1 0) ( 2 0 4)
= ( 3 1 4 )
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise A, Question 4
Question:
Solution:
a1 =5 a=6
2c =0 c=2
1 d =0 d = 1
b (2) =5 b=3
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise A, Question 5
Question:
Solution:
1+a = c
2+b = 5 b=3
0+c = c
a+1 = c
b+2 = c
c+0 = c
Use b = 3 in c=5
Use c = 5 in a=4
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise A, Question 6
Question:
5 3 a b 7 1
Given that 0 1 + c d = 2 0 , find the values of a, b, c, d, e and f.
2 1 e f 1 4
Solution:
5+a =7 a=2
3+b =1 b = 2
0+c =2 c=2
1 + d =0 d=1
2+e =1 e = 1
1+f =4 f=3
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise B, Question 1
Question:
1
b A
2
c 2B.
Solution:
(4 6) = (126 180 )
a 3 2 0
b ( ) ( )
1 2 0
2 4 6
= 1 0
2 3
(1) = (22 )
c 2 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise B, Question 2
Question:
(2 0) (1 0) ( x 0)
Find the value of k and the value of x so that 0 1 + k 0 2 = 0 7 .
Solution:
1 + 2k = 7
2k = 6
k = 3
2k = x
23 = x
x = 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise B, Question 3
Question:
Solution:
2a 3 = 3 2a = 6
a=3
0 3c = 3 c = 1
2 3d = 4 3d = 6
d=2
2b + 3 = 4 2b = 7
b = 3.5
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise B, Question 4
Question:
Solution:
5 2c = 9
4 = 2c
c = 2
a4 =1
a=5
b2 =3
b=5
0+2 = d
d=2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise B, Question 5
Question:
Solution:
3 + 2k 2 = k
=== 2k 2 k 3 = 0
(2k 3)(k + 1) = 0
3
k= or 1
2
AND k + 2k 2 = 6
=== 2k 2 + k 6 = 0
(2k 3)(k + 2) = 0
3
k= or 2
2
3
So common value is k =
2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 1
Question:
a BA
b DE
c CD
d ED
e AE
f DA
Solution:
a (1 2) (2 2) = 1 2
b (3 2) (2 3) = 3 3
c (1 3) (3 2) = 1 2
d (2 3) (3 2) = 2 2
e (2 2) (2 3) = 2 3
f (3 2) (2 2) = 3 2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 2
Question:
(3 4)(12)
a 1 2
(3 4)(10 25 )
b 1 2
Solution:
(3 4)(12) = (53)
a 1 2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 3
Question:
A2 means A A
a AB
b A2
Solution:
a 1 2 1 0 1 = 3 2 1
( 0 3 )(1 1 0) ( 3 )
3 0
b 1 2
( 0 3 )(10 23 ) = (10 49 )
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 4
Question:
1()
A= 2 , B= (13 12), C = ( 3 2 )
Determine whether or not the following products are possible and find the products of those that are.
a AB
b AC
c BC
d BA
e CA
f CB
Solution:
a AB is (2 1) (2 2) Not possible
b AC = 2 ( 3 2 ) = 6 4
(1) (3 2)
c BC is (2 2) (1 2) Not possible
(1 2)
f CB = ( 3 2 ) 3 1 = ( 7 7 )
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 5
Question:
(1 1)(10
Find in terms of a 2 a )
3 0 .
1 2
Solution:
3 0 = 2 6 a 2a
(21 1a )(10 1 2) (
1 4 2 )
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 6
Question:
(1 x )(1x 23 ).
Find in terms of x 3 2
Solution:
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 7
Question:
(0 1 )
The matrix A= 1 2 .
Find
a A2
b A3
You might be asked to prove this formula for Ak in FP1 using induction from Chapter 6.
Solution:
Note A2 = 1 2 2
( )
0 1
A = (1 23
1 )
3
0
Suggests Ak = 1 2 k
0 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 8
Question:
The matrix A= a 0.
b 0
Given that A2 = 3A
Solution:
2
a A2 = a 0 a 0 = a 0
b 0 b 0 ab 0
2
b A2 = 3 A a 0 = 3a 0
ab 0 3b 0
a 2 = 3a a = 3 (or 0)
and ab = 3b a=3
a=3
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 9
Question:
2
A= ( 1 3) , B= 1 , C= 4 2 .
( )
0 3
0
Find a BAC
b AC2
Solution:
2
BAC = 1 ( 1 3) 4 2
( )
0 3
0
2
= 1 ( 4 7 )
0
8 14
= 4 7
0 0
AC2 = ( 1 3) 4 2
( )(04 23)
0 3
4 2
7 )(
0 3)
= ( 4
= ( 16 29 )
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise C, Question 10
Question:
1
A= 1 , B= ( 3 2 3).
2
Find a ABA
b BAB
Solution:
1 1
ABA = 1( 3 2 3) 1
2 2
1
= 1(1)
2
1
=1
2
1
BAB = ( 3 2 3) 1( 3 2 3)
2
= (1)( 3 2 3)
= ( 3 2 3)
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise D, Question 1
Question:
a P: y
(x) 2x
y + 1
2
(x)
b Q: y x
y
2x + y
c R: y
(x)
x + xy
(x) ( )
d S: y 3y
x
y+3
e T: y
(x)
x + 3
f U: y
( x) 2x
3y 2x
Solution:
d S is linear
f U is linear.
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise D, Question 2
Question:
Identify which of these are linear transformations and give their matrix representations. Give reasons to explain why the
other transformations are not linear.
2x y
a S: y
x
() 3x
2y + 1
b T: y
(x)
x1
( x ) ( xy0 )
c U: y
(x) ( )
d V: y 2y
x
( x) ( y)
e W: y x
Solution:
a S is represented by 2 1
(3 0
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise D, Question 3
Question:
Identify which of these are linear transformations and give their matrix representations. Give reasons to explain why the
other transformations are not linear.
x2
( x)
a S: y 2
y
( x ) (yx )
b T: y
( x ) ( x y)
c U: y x y
( x) ( )
d V: y 0
0
(x) (x)
e W: y y
Solution:
b T is represented by 0 1
(1 0 )
c U is represented by 1 1
(1 1)
(0 0 )
d V is represented by 0 0
e W is represented by 1 0(0 1 )
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise D, Question 4
Question:
a ( xy ) y y+ 2x
y
b y x + 2y
( x)
Solution:
x y + 2x 2x + y
a y y
( ) 2 1
= 0x y is represented by 0 1
x 0 y
b y is represented by 0 1 ( )
x + 2y
1 2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise D, Question 5
Question:
The triangle T has vertices at (1, 1), (2, 3) and (5, 1).
Find the vertices of the image of T under the transformations represented by these matrices.
a 1 0
( 0 1)
(0 2)
b 1 4
c 0 2
(2 0 )
Solution:
a 1 0 1 2 5 = 1 2 5
( 0 1( 1 3 1) (1 )
3 1
c 0 2
(2 0)(11 23 51) = (22 6 2
)
4 10
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise D, Question 6
Question:
The square S has vertices at (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0) and (0 , 1).
Find the vertices of the image of S under the transformations represented by these matrices.
( 0 3)
a 2 0
b 1 1
(1 1 )
(1 1)
c 1 1
Solution:
(0 3)(01 01
a 2 0 1 0 = 2 0 2 0
) (
0 1 0 3 0 3 )
vertices of the image of S are (2,0) : (0,3); (2,0); (0 , 3)
b 1 1 1 0 1
(1 1)( 0 1 0 = 1 1 1 1
) ( )
0 1 1 1 1 1
c 1(1 11(10 10
1 0 = 1 1 1 1
0 1) (
1 1 1 1 )
vertices of the image of S are (1 , 1); (1 , 1); (1,1); (1,1)
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise E, Question 1
Question:
(0 1)
a 1 0
b 0 1
(1 0 )
c (10 01)
Solution:
(10) (10)
(01) (10 )
(10) (01)
(01) (10)
(10) (10 )
(01) (10)
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise E, Question 2
Question:
1 0
a 2
1
0
2
(1 0 )
b 0 1
(0 1 )
c 1 0
Solution:
a
1
() 1
0
2
0
0
(01) 1
2
1
Enlargement - scale factor centre (0,0)
2
(10) (01)
(01) (10)
Reflection in line y = x
(10) (10)
(01) (01)
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise E, Question 3
Question:
1 1
2 2
a
1 1
2 2
(0 4)
b 4 0
1 1 1
c (
2 1 1 )
Solution:
a
1
2
(10)
1
2
1
2
(01)
1
2
(10) (04)
(01) (04)
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1
2
(10)
1
2
1
2
(01)
1
2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise E, Question 4
Question:
Solution:
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise E, Question 5
Question:
Solution:
c
1
2
(10)
1
1 1
2 2 2
Matrix is 1 1
1
2 2
(01)
1
2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 1
Question:
A= 1 0 , B= 0 1 , C= 2 0
( ) ( ) ( )
0 1 1 0 0 2
Find these matrix products and describe the single transformation represented by the product.
a AB
b BA
c AC
d A2
e C2
Solution:
a AB = 1 0
( 0 1)(10 10 ) = (01 10)
c AC = 1 0
( 0 1)(02 02) = (20 20 ) Enlargement scale facter 2 centre (0,0)
d A2 = 1 0
( 0 1)(10 10 ) = (10 01) Identity (No transformation)
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 2
Question:
b Use matrix products to identify the single geometric transformation represented by each of these combinations.
v Rotation of 180 about (0, 0) followed by a second rotation of 180 about (0, 0).
vi Reflection in the x-axis followed by rotation of 90 about (0, 0) followed by a reflection in the y-axis.
vii Reflection in the y-axis followed by rotation of 180 about (0, 0) followed by a reflection in the x-axis.
Solution:
0 1
Rotation of 90 anticlockwise A=
1 0 ( )
1 0
Rotation of 180 about (0,0) B=
0 1 ( )
Reflection in x-axis ( )
C= 1 0
0 1
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Reflection in y-axis D= 1 0( )
0 1
i BC = 1 0
( 0 1)(10 10 ) = (10 01) (=D)
Reflection in y-axis
Reflection in y-axis
iv AD = 0 1 1 0 = 0 1
(1 0 )( 0 1) (1 0 )
Reflection in line y = x
v BB = 1 0
( 0 1)(10 10 ) = (10 01)
Rotation of 360 about (0, 0) or Identity
vi
vii
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Identity - no transformation
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 3
Question:
Use a matrix product to find the single geometric transformation represented by a rotation of 270 anticlockwise about
(0, 0) followed by a refection in the x-axis.
Solution:
Reflection is x-axis
(10) (01)
(01) (10)
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Reflection is y = x
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 4
Question:
Use matrices to show that a refection in the y-axis followed by a reflection in the line y = x is equivalent to a rotation of
90 anticlockwise about (0, 0).
Solution:
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 5
Question:
1
1
2 2
The matrix R is given by
1 1
.
2 2
a Find R2.
Solution:
1
1 1
1
2 0 1
aR =
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
=
( )
1 0
2 2 2 2
( )
R8 =I= 1 0
0 1
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 6
Question:
P= 5 2 , Q= 1 2
( ) ( )
3 1 3 5
The transformation represented by the matrix R is the result of the transformation represented by the matrix P followed
by the transformation represented by the matrix Q.
a Find R.
Solution:
(10) (10)
(01) (01)
Reflection in y-axis
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 7
Question:
A= 5 7 , B= 4 3 , C= 2 1
( ) ( ) ( )
7 10 3 2 1 1
Matrices A, B and C represent three transformations. By combining the three transformations in the order B, followed by
A, followed by C a single transformation is obtained.
Solution:
7 4 3
CAB = (21 11)(75 10 )( 3 2)
= ( 3 4 )( 4 3)
2 3 3 2
= ( 0 1)
1 0
(10) (10 )
(01) (10)
Reflection in the line y = x
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise F, Question 8
Question:
P= 1 5 , Q= 2 4 , R= 3 1
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 0 1 2 2
Matrices P, Q and R represent three transformations. By combining the three transformations in the order R, followed by
Q, followed by P a single transformation is obtained.
Solution:
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Exercise G, Question 1
Question:
Determine which of these matrices are singular and which are non-singular. For those that are non-singular find the
inverse matrix.
a (43 12 )
b (13 13 )
(0 0 )
c 2 5
(3 5 )
d 1 2
(4 2)
e 6 3
(6 2)
f 4 3
Solution:
So inverse is ( )
1 2 1
2 4 3
or 1 0.5
2 1.5
det 3 3 = 3 (1) 3
1 1
= 3 + 3
= 0
Matrix is singular.
det 2 5 = 00
0 0
= 0
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Matrix is singular
det 1 2 = 56
3 5
= 1 0
Matrix is non-singular
1 5 2
Inverse is (
1 3 1
= ) (53 12 )
e
det 6 3 = 12 12
4 2
= 0
Matrix is singular
det 4 3 = 8 18
6 2
= 10 0
Matrix is non-singular
2 3
Inverse is
1
(
10 6 4 )
0.2 0.3
=
0.6 0.4
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 2
Question:
a a 1+a
(3 )
2
b 1+a 3a
(a + 2 1 a )
c 2+a 1a
(1 a )
a
Solution:
det a 1 + a = 2a 3(1 + a)
3 2
= 2a 3 3a
= 3 a
Let A = (1a ++ a2 13 aa )
det A = (1 + a)(1 a) (3 a)(a + 2)
= 1 a 2 (a 2 + a + 6)
= 1 a2 + a2 a 6
= a 5
det A = 0 a = 5
Let B = (12 + aa 1 a a)
det B = 2a + a 2 (1 a)2
= 2a + a 2 1 + 2a a 2
= 4a 1
1
det B = 0 a=
4
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 3
Question:
1+a
a (1 +a a 2+a )
b 2a 3b
a b
Solution:
1+a
Let A = (1 +a a 2+a )
det A = 2a + a 2 (1 + a)2
= 2a + a 2 1 2a a 2
= 1
1 2+a (1 + a) [2 + a] (1 + a)
A1 = =
1 (1 + a) a (1 + a) a
Let B = 2a 3b
a b
det B = 2ab (a) 3b
= 2ab + 3ab
= ab
1 b 3b
B1 =
ab a 2a
1 3
a
= a provided that ab 0
1 2
b b
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 4
Question:
ABC = I
A1ABC = A1I
1
BC = A
BCC1 = A1C1
B = A1C1 = (CA)1
B1 = CA
CA =(32 11 )(10 61 )
= ( 1 4 )
1 3
1
(CA) = (13 14 )
1
3 + 4
B = (3 4)
1 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 5
Question:
AB =C
A1AB = A1C
B= A1C
A = (42 13 ) det A = 6 4 = 10
A1 (43 12)
1
=
10
1
B = A C
= ( )( )
1 3 1 3 6
10 4 2 1 22
= ( )
1 10 40
10 10 20
= ( )
1 4
1 2
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 6
Question:
a Given that BAC =B, where B is a non-singular matrix, find an expression for A.
(3 2 )
b When C= 5 3 , find A.
Solution:
BAC =B
B1BAC = B1B
AC =I
A= C1
( )
C= 5 3
3 2
det C = 10 9 = 1
1 2 3
C1 = ( )
1 3 5
A= 2 3
( )
3 5
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 7
Question:
4 2
2
AB = ( 7 8 1
8 13 18 )
4 ( on left byA )
B = ( 3 1 )( 4 7 8 )
1
4 2 8 13 18
2
B = ( 4 8 6 )
1
0 2 4
2
B = ( 4 3)
2
0 1 2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 8
Question:
11 1
The matrix B= 5 4 and AB = 8 9 . Find the matrix A.
( )
2 1
2 1
Solution:
B = (25 41 ) det B = 5 + 8 = 13
B1 (21 54)
1
=
13
11 1
AB = 8 9 ( on right by B1)
2 1
11 1
ABB1 = 8 9 B1
2 1
1
11 1
A = 8 9 1 4
13 2 5
2 1
( )
1
13 39
= 26 13
13
0 13
1 3
= 2 1
0 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 9
Question:
a Find A1.
b Find X.
Solution:
B = XA
1
=
BA = XAA1
X = BA1
X = a b 2b b
1
So
3a 2b 4a 3a 2ab
1 6ab 4ab
=
2ab 2ab 3ab
3 2
X =
1 3 / 2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 10
Question:
b Find AB.
Solution:
a 2a 2b 2a
AB =
b 2b b a
2 2
= 2ab 2ab 2a + 2a
2 2
2b 2b 2ab + 2ab
= (00 00)
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise G, Question 11
Question:
The non-singular matrices A and B are commutative (i.e. AB = BA ) and ABA =B.
Solution:
Given AB = BA
and ABA =B
A(AB) =B
A2 B=B
A BB1 = BB1
2
A2 =I
( ) db = ac
AB = 0 1 a
1 0 c
d
b
BA = a b 0
( 10) = db
a
c d 1 c
AB = BA b = c
d=a
i.e. a = d and b = c
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise H, Question 1
Question:
The matrix R= 0 1
(1 0 )
a Give a geometrical interpretation of the transformation represented by R.
b Find R1.
Solution:
a
(1,0) (0,1)
(0,1) (1,0)
det R = 0 1 = 1
R1 = 0 1 ( )
1 0
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise H, Question 2
Question:
a The matrix S= 1 0
( 0 1)
i Give a geometrical interpretation of the transformation represented by S.
c Calculate det(S) and det(T) and comment on their values in the light of the transformations they represent.
Solution:
(1,0) (1,0)
ai
(0,1) (0 , 1)
bi
(1,0) (0 , 1)
(0,1) (1,0)
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det S = 1 0 = 1
det T = 0 1 = 1
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise H, Question 3
Question:
The matrix A represents a reflection in the line y = x and the matrix B represents a rotation of 270 about (0, 0).
Solution:
A = 0 1
1 0 ( )
Reflection in y = x
B = (10 01)
D = AB = 0 1
1 0 ( )(10 10) = (10 01
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise I, Question 1
Question:
The matrix A= 2 1 is used to transform the rectangle R with vertices at the points (0, 0), (0, 1), (4, 1) and (4, 0).
(4 3 )
a Find the coordinates of the vertices of the image of R.
Solution:
a 2 1 0 0 4 4 = 0 1 7
(4 3 )(0 1 ) (0 8
)
1 0 3 19 16
b
Area of R= 4 1 = 4
det A = 6 4 = 10
Area of image = 10 4
= 40 .
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise I, Question 2
Question:
The triangle T has vertices at the points (3.5, 2.5), (16, 10) and (7, 4).
a Find the coordinates of the vertices of T under the transformation given by the matrix M= 1 1 .
(3 5)
b Show that the area of the image of T is 7.5.
Solution:
a 1 1 3.5 16 7 = 1 6 3
( 3 5 ) 2.5 (2 )
10 4 2 1
b
1
Area of T = 5 3 = 7.5
2
det M = 5 + 3 = 2
Area of T 2 = Area of T
7.5
Area of T =
2
= 3.75
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise I, Question 3
Question:
The rectangle R has vertices at the points (1, 0), (0 , 3), (4, 0) and (3, 3).
a Find, in terms of a, the coordinates of the vertices of the image of R under the transformation given by A.
Solution:
a 2 3 a
(1 )(10 30 04 33) = (+21 3a3a 9 8 3 3a
)
a 4 3 + 3a
det A = 2a 3 + a
= a 3
Area of R = ( 1
2 )
5 3 2.
= 15
Area of R det A = 75
75
det A = =5
15
So a 3 = 5
a 3 = 5 or a + 3 = 5
positive value of a = 2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise I, Question 4
Question:
P= 2 4 , Q= 1 2 , R= 1 2 .
( ) ( ) ( )
3 1 1 4 2 1
A rectangle of area 5 cm2 is transformed by the matrix X. Find the area of the image of the rectangle when X is:
aP
bQ
cR
d RQ
e QR
f RP
Solution:
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise I, Question 5
Question:
Solution:
det A = a(a + 2) 9
= a 2 + 2a 9
or
a 2 + 2a 9 = 6
a 2 + 2a 3 = 0
(a + 3)(a 1) = 0
a = 1 or 3
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise J, Question 1
Question:
a 7x + 3y = 6
5x 2y = 5
b 4x y = 1
2x + 3y = 8
Solution:
1 2 3
A1 = ( )
1 5 7
A ( xy ) = (56) ( xy ) = A1(56)
( xy ) = (25 37)(56)
= 12 + 15
( ) = (53)
30 35
x = 3, y = 5
1
bB= (24
3
det B = 12 (2)(1) = 10
B1 = ( )
1 3 1
10 2 4
B y = 1
() ( ) B1 1 = y
( ) ()
x x
8 8
x = 0.5, y = 3
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise J, Question 2
Question:
a 4x y = 11
3x + 2y = 0
b 5x + 2y = 3
3x + 4y = 13
Solution:
a A = 4 1
( ) det A = 8 + 3 = 11
3 2
A1 = ( )
1 2 1
11 3 4
x
() ( )
So A y = 11
0
( xy ) = A1(110)
x
()
y =
1 2 1
11 3 4 ( )(110) =
1
( )
22
11 33
x = 2, y = 3
b B= 5 2
3 4 ( ) det B = 20 6 = 14
B1 = 4 2
1
(
14 3 5 )
x
() ( )
So B y = 3
13
( xy ) = B1(133 )
4 2 3
x
()
y =
1
(
14 3 5 13 ) )
1 12 26 1 14
= (
14 9 + 65 ) = ( )
14 56
x = 1, y = 4
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 1
Question:
(4 2)
The matrix A= 3 1 transforms the triangle PQR into the triangle with coordinates (6 , 2), (4, 4), (0, 8).
Solution:
( )
A= 3 1
4 2
det A = 6 4 = 2.
1 2 1
A1 = ( )
2 4 3
A( PQR) = ( 6 4 0 )
2 4 8
1 2 1
PQR given by (
2 4 3 )(26
4 0
4 8 )
1 14 4 8
= (
2 30 4 24 )
= (157 22 124)
P is (7 , 15), Q is (2 , 2), R is (4, 12)
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 2
Question:
Solution:
A = 1 3
( ) det A = 1 + 6 = 7
2 1
A1 = ( )
1 1 3
7 2 1
B = ( 7 28 21 )
1
77 7 14
B =(
1 1 2 )
1 4 3
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 3
Question:
A= 2 1 , B= 4 1 , C= 3 1 .
( ) ( ) ( )
7 3 5 1 2 1
The matrices A, B and C represent three transformations. By combining the three transformations in the order A,
followed by B, followed by C, a simple single transformation is obtained which is represented by the matrix R.
a Find R.
Solution:
a
R =CBA
= 3 1
2 1( )(54 11 )(27 31 )
= 3 1
2 1( )(13 21 )
R = (0 1 )
1 0
c R2 =I
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 4
Question:
a Find Y.
c Simplify ABABABAB.
Solution:
Y = 0 1 ( )
1 0
b AB = Y A = YB1.
( )
B = 3 2 det B = 3 4 = 1
2 1
1 1 2
B1
= = 1 2
( ) ( )
1 2 3 2 3
A = ( 0 1)( 1 2 )
1 0 2 3
=( 2
1 2 )
3
c ABABABAB = Y 4
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 5
Question:
The matrix R represents a reflection in the x-axis and the matrix E represents an enlargement of scale factor 2 centre (0,
0).
Solution:
Reflection in x-axis
R= 1 0
0 1 ( )
( )( )
C = ER = 2 0 1 0
0 2 0 1
Reflection in the x-axis and enlargement SF 2. Centre (0, 0)
=
2 0
0 2 ( )
1 0
1 1 2 0
b C = ( )
4 0 2
= 2
1
0
2
1
Reflection in the x-axis and enlargement scale factor . Centre (0, 0)
2
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Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 6
Question:
1 + p p
The quadrilateral R of area 4cm2 is transformed to R by the matrix P= , where p is a constant.
2 p p
Solution:
1 + p p
P= det P = p(1 + p) p(2 p)
2 p p
= p + p 2 2p + p 2
= 2p 2 p.
3
p = 1 or
2
or 2p 2 p = 3
2p 2 p + 3 = 0
Discrimininat is (1)2 4 3 2 = 23
<0
no solutions
3
so p = 1 or are the only solutions
2
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 7
Question:
a Find A1.
b Find X.
Solution:
XA = Y X = YA1
3 1
a 2b a a
X =
2a b 2 1
b b
1
= ( 1
4 1 )
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Solutionbank FP1
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Matrix algebra
Exercise K, Question 8
Question:
(0 2)
b Given that A= 5 3 and B= (12 11 ), find X.
Solution:
XB = BA
(XB)B1 = BAB1
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\fp1_4_k_8.html 3/18/2013
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