UNIT 3

BREAKING NEWS
(Spoken News Item)

A. BUILDING KNOWLEDGE OF THE FIELD

Activity 1
Discuss these questions with your pairs.
1. Do you know what the picture is?
2. When did you know it firstly?
3. Where did you know it?
4. What do you think of the contents of the newspaper?

Activity 2
Complete the blank with the words you hear from what the teacher reads.
Three killed in train-car collision
KEBUMEN, Central Java (Antara): Three people were (1) and five
others (2) when a Taksaka express train from Jakarta to Yogyakarta
rammed into a Toyota Kijang car in Kebumen, Central Java, on (3)
morning.
Kebumen train (4) official Muhammad Sujono said the (5)
occurred at 6.30 a.m. at a railway crossing between Wonosari and Kebumen city in
Kedung Bener (6) .
The three fatalities from the ill-fated car were all children (7) six-
years-old and (8) as Rejeki, Zakiah and Hikmatul Khasanah. The injured
(9) were Muhammad Yusuf, Taryumi, Irfani, Tinasari and Ade Abdulraham.
All fatalities and the injured were from Jakarta and had been to
Kebumen hospital.

Activity 3
Find the meaning of these words in your dictionary and then pronounce them correctly.
1. Reporter = 9. Journalist =
2. Events = 10.Editor =
3. Terrible = 11.Headline =
4. Deadline = 12.Publisher =
5. Evidence = 13.Sheet =
7. Edition = 15. Subscribe =
8. Supplement =

Activity 4
Complete the sentences with the words in Activity 2.
1. My brother is a . He has to search the news around Solo city.
2. Having graduated from university, she looked for job vacancy in newspaper in the .
section.
3. Tabloid is thicker than newspaper because it has more .
4. News usually contain a/an
5. To support the news, a newspaper usually inserts .
6. In the press conference, the director of the company gave some that he
did not involve in the conspiracy.
7. Erlangga is one of the famous of book in Indonesia.
8. Mr. Kaka always Kompas every month because he wants to broaden
his knowledge with much information from all around the world.
9. When people read newspaper firstly, they usually look at the .. in the first page.
10. The publisher usually publishes a limited product to commemorate a special
occasion.
11. Because of sick, he must submit some news to accomplish the before it is
published.
12. Wherever the events occurred, a has to come and report to the publisher
as detail as possible.
13. My mother looks sad after reading news about accident in Jagorawi Tol
among 5 cars.
14. My uncle must check all articles to correct the mistakes before it is printed because he is a/an

15. A newspaper usually puts in section in weekend edition.
Activity 5
Discuss with your friends. Mention the differences between Newspaper and Magazine based on
the points given.

No Points Newspaper Magazine

1 Contents

2 Pages

3 Sections

4 Paper

5 Display

6 Size

7 Publishing

Speech Function
Expressing Surprise and Believe
Activity 6
Study the following dialogue.
Situation: Amir, Iwan, and Deddy are friends since elementary school. Now, Amir and Deddy meet
in a caf by chance and have a short talk.
Amir : Hi, Deddy. How are you? Long time we havent met.
Deedy : Very well. What are you doing here?
Amir : Im waiting for Iwan. Do you remember him?
Deddy : Of course. He was smarter than us.
Amir : Do you know that he is the most talent student in Central Java?
Deddy : What a surprise! He must be very happy then.
Amir : Yeah. And you must be here with me to meet him okay?
Deddy : O.K.

Note:
The underlined sentence shows the expression of surprise and believes. It is used when we heard
the terrific or terrible news that we didnt think before.
Other Expression of Surprise and Believe are as follow:
- What a surprise! - Thats surprise!
- Are you serious? - No kidding!
- You must be joking. - Really?
- Oh no, thats not true. - No, I dont believe it.

Activity 7
Answer the questions below based on the text above.
1. How many persons are involved in the text?

2. Who are they?

3. What does Amir tell to Deddy?

4. How is Deddys response after he heard the information?

5. What does Deddy say then?

Activity 8
Make some dialogue in pairs in your book based on the situations given.
1. You have just watched Batman Begins in cinema. An hour later, your friend tells you that
the theatre has just blown up 15 minutes ago.
2. Your sister joins the drawing competition. Fortunately, your mother phones you that she
wins it.
 3. You try to send a sms-quiz on TV. In fact, you win it but you dont know yet. Your brother
tells you about it.

Grammar Focus

Conjunctions of Cause and Effect

Conjunctions of Cause and Effect are used to combine the sentences which one sentence
is the cause or effect of one another.
Example:
1. She didnt go to school yesterday.
2. She got flu.
The combinations of these two sentences are:
a) She didnt go to school yesterday because she got flu.
or
b) She got flu so she didnt go to school yesterday.
The underlined word in a) states the cause/reason whether the underlined word in b) states the
effect.
There are some other words showing the cause and effect as follow:

Cause Because Because the weather is cold, he wears sweater.

Because of Because of the cold, he wears sweater.

Due to Due to the cold, he wears sweater.

As As the weather is cold, he wears sweater.

Effect So The weather is cold so he wears sweater.

Consequently The weather is cold. Consequently, he wears sweater.

As a result The weather is cold. As a result, he wears sweater.

Therefore The weather is cold. Therefore, he wears sweater.

Note:
Because of + Phrase / Verb-ing Because + Clause / Sentence
Due to + Phrase / Verb-ing As + Clause / Sentence

Activity 9
Combine the sentences below using the conjunction given. Number 1 has been done for you.
1. My father buys raincoat. It is wet season. (so)
It is wet season so my father buys raincoat. ____
2. Cindy is very beautiful. She wins the beauty contest every year. (because of)
________________________________________________________________________
3. You havent visited Bali. I will ask you to go there next month. (as)
________________________________________________________________________
4. The flood swaps Solo. Solonese throws the rubbish into the river. (consequently)
________________________________________________________________________
5. The people got skin irritation. The flood occurred everywhere. (because)
________________________________________________________________________
6. Clinton didnt study last night. He failed the English test. (therefore)
________________________________________________________________________
7. There will be a test next week. The students do extra study. (as a result)
________________________________________________________________________
8. This room is very hot. The teacher asks the students to open all windows. (due to)
________________________________________________________________________

B. MODELING OF THE TEXT

Activity 10
Find out the meaning of these words in your dictionary.
1. Discovered = .
2. Dozens = .
3. Injured = .
4. Recent = .
5. Destroyed = .
6. Wounded = .
7. Clash = .
8. Channels = .
9. Bushes = .
10. Remained = .

Activity 11
Read this text. Then try to complete the blank with the word / phrase you know.

Title Police discover 13 petrol bombs in Palu

PALU (Antara): Police searching a conflict area between two

Newsworthy Event Central Sulawesi villages in Poso have discovered 13 petrol
bombs.

Dozens of people have been injured in fighting between the

two villages in recent weeks. On Dec. 8, dozens were injured
Background Event and scores of houses were destroyed in fighting, while at least
18 people were wounded in a more recent clash and had to be
evacuated to several hospitals in Palu.

"After bombing the area from Sunday night to Monday

Sources morning, we found 13 petrol bombs hidden in water channels
and bushes," a police source said here Monday.

He said the situation in the area was under control, but that
guards had been posted at several points, while the road
Sources
connecting the villages of Nunu and Tavanjuka remained
closed.
Taken from: http://www.thejakartapost.com

Activity 12
1. Answer the following questions related to the text above.
________________________________________________________________
2. Where did the event take place?
________________________________________________________________
3. What is the main information of the text?
________________________________________________________________
4. How many people were hurt in the fighting on December 8?
________________________________________________________________
5. How many petrol bombs were found by the police?
________________________________________________________________
6. When did the petrol bombs discover?
________________________________________________________________
7. What happened to the street from Nunu to Tavanjuka?
________________________________________________________________

C. JOINT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 13
Re-arrange the jumble paragraph to an appropriate order.

Thailand sets new SEA Games records in men's and women's sprint relays

..In the first day of action at the velodrome, Indonesia's Uyun Muzizah edged
Thailand's Jutatip Maneephan by four hundredths of a second to claim gold in the
women's 500 meter time trial.

..In other athletics events, Siri Shahida Abdullah of Malaysia defended her women's
hammer throw title, Dedeh Erawati of Indonesia won the women's 100-meter hurdles,
and Wansawang Sawasdee of Thailand took the men's discus.As he did in the 5,000
 meters, Thailand's Boonthung Srisung beat Julius Sermona of the Philippines in the
10,000 meters.

..NAKHON RATCHASIMA, Thailand (AP): Thailand set new Southeast Asian Games
records in both the men's and women's 4x100 meter relays on the track Monday.

..In weightlifting, Indonesia's Sandow Waldemar Nasution - complete with multiple

piercing, tattoos and smoking between lifts - won gold in the men's 77-kilogram class
with a world-competitive gold in the men's 77-kilogram class with a world-competitive
aggregate of 341 kilograms.

..The host nation won the men's event in 38.95 - 0.16 faster than the mark it set eight
years ago - while the women won gold with a time of 44.00 - three-tenths of a second
quicker than its record set at the previous SEA Games two years ago.

..Henry Dagmil of the Philippines broke his own games long jump record with his first
leap of 7.87 and won gold, while Malaysia's Rayzam Shah Wan Sofian shaved a
hundredth of a second off the 110 meters hurdle mark by winning in 13.91.
(Adapted from: http://www.thejakartapost.com)

Activity 14
Answer the question related to the content of the text.
1. What is the text about?
_______________________________________________________________
2. Where was the place which the event took place?
_______________________________________________________________
3. Were there some new records created? What kind of sport?
_______________________________________________________________
4. Who won the run race for 10.000 m?
_______________________________________________________________
5. What sport did Sandow W. Nasution participate?
_______________________________________________________________
6. What sport is talked in last paragraph?
_______________________________________________________________
7. Who got gold medals for Indonesia?
_______________________________________________________________

D. INDEPENDENT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 15
1. Work in group of two.
2. Find two examples of news item text (from newspaper, magazine, tabloid, or internet)
3. Study them well.
4. Read it in front of the class as if you are news readers.

THATS TERRIBLE
 (Written Discussion)

A. BUILDING KNOWLEDGE OF FIELD

Activity 16
Discuss the following questions with your friends, and then
answer them orally.
1. What is that?
2. Have you ever read it?
3. Do you know what the contents of the magazine are?
4. Which section do you like most when reading magazine?
5. Why do you like it?

Grammar Focus
Noun Clause
Noun Clause is a group of words consist of at least one subject and one predicate functions as
Noun. Noun Clause has three functions:
1. As a Subject
The house is very comfortable.
l
Where we live is very comfortable.

2. As an Object
They played basketball.
l
They played what I like.

3. As a Complement
I will finish this job tomorrow.
l
I will finish this job whenever you want.
Note:
Noun Clause usually begins with who, where, when, what, why, wherever, whoever, whatever,
that, which, whichever, or whenever.

Activity 17
Underline the Noun Clause and determine the function of them in the sentences below. Number
one has been done for you.
1. I dont know what they want to buy. ( as an object )
2. Please tell me who has given you this gift. ( )
3. Why Rosha has to go is not a problem for me. ( )
4. Where they have to meet will be informed tomorrow. ( )
5. Do you know where Saphira lives in Jakarta now? ( )
6. I dont understand why she went to Surabaya. ( )
7. Whatever you say cannot change my decision. ( )
8. That Jakarta is the crowded city has been popular in the world. ( )
9. My father doesnt care when his son goes home. ( )
10. They will stop playing football whenever you ask. ( )

Activity 18
Change the underlined words below into Noun Clause. (The change can be different based on
students creativity)
Example: I like this book.
I like what you read. Or
I like what I hold, or
I like what you buy.
1. The climbers usually climb the mountain on holiday.
..
2. My father waters the flower every morning.
..
3. A computer is a sophisticated machine.
..
4. The students are finishing the exercise.
 ..
5. She typed a letter of demand.
..
6. Elephant eats grass in the park.
..
7. Mr. Aldo sends the articles today.
..
8. His car is repaired for two weeks.
..
9. The Rock sings Munajat Cinta well on the stage.
..
10. The fish swim in the river.
..

B. MODELING OF THE TEXT

Activity 19
Read this text then label the generic structure of the text..

.....................................
Floods force thousands of people to evacuate in Gorontalo
.

GORONTALO (Antara): Floods triggered by days of torrential rain

.....................................
swamped thousands of houses in ten sub-districts of the city of
.
Gorontalo on Tuesday, forcing thousands of people to evacuate.

An official at the flood mitigation post said that as of Tuesday

.....................................
morning, around 2,015 people had been evacuated to safer
.
locations.

The official said that starting at 2 a.m. on Tuesday, flood waters had
swept through ten sub-districts, namely Heledulaa Selatan, Moodu,
..................................... Heledulaa Utara, Bugis, Ipilo, Tenda, Padebuolo, Biawu, Dembe II,
. and Tenilo. He added that the local government had distributed 100
boxes of instant noodles and three tons of rice to displaced people at
refugee shelters.

Rescue workers, assisted by police, military personnel and

.....................................
volunteers, joined together to evacuate the flood victims from their
.
homes to at least 10 temporary shelters across Gorontalo city.

Mimi, one of the refugees, said she was reluctant to evacuate but the
.....................................
water in her house kept rising. On Tuesday morning it reached 50
.
centimeters and forced her to flee.

As black clouds remained drifting lazily overhead on Tuesday, local

.....................................
Meteorology and Geophysics Agency reported that heavy rain would
.
continue to occur throughout Gorontalo over the next two days.
http://www.thejakartapost.com
Activity 20
Answer the following questions.
1. What does the writer want to tell us?

2. When were the people evacuated?

3. What happen on Tuesday at 2 a.m.?

4. Who distributed the noodles?

5. He added that the local government had . (par. 3)
He refers to
6. Who involved in Rescue Workers?

7. Who was reluctant to evacuate?

8. What is the prediction of Meteorology and Geophysics Agency about Gorontalo?

Activity 21
Read the following news and answer the questions.
Earthquake Jolts Japan Capital
TOKYO (Reuters) A slight earthquake jolted Japanese capital last night but
authorities said there were no immediate reports of casualties or damage.
A spokesman for the Japan Meteorogical Agency said, An earth tremor was
registered in Tokyo but there are no reports of casualties or damage. The earth tremor
struck shortly after midnight Tokyo time.
Residents of central Tokyo said the tremor was the strongest in several months in the
capital.
Taken from: Look Ahead 1
1. What does the text want to tell us about?

2. Where did it happen?

3. Are there any victims?

4. Who give the report?

5. What time did the earthquake occur?

6. Who inform us that this earthquake is the strongest one?

7. What is the genre of the text?

8. What is the communicative purpose of the text?

9. Who are the sources of the news?

10. Mention the Saying Verb used in the text!

C. JOINT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 22
Rearrange these jumbled paragraphs into a good and meaningful text!
Are biofuels a sustainable solution climate change?

Biofuels may not in fact be a Biofuels are liquid fuels made from animal or plant
sustainable solution to climate matter. Burning them to power vehicles can result in
change. Depending on the plants fewer emissions per unit of energy than using
used to make the fuel, the production petroleum fuels. Their production may also promote
process, and the policy frameworks rural development and national energy security.
of governments, biofuels may lead to
rising food prices, soil degradation,
and loss of biodiversity due to
deforestation. The development of palm oil biodiesel in
Indonesia provides another example where
biofuels may have significant negative impacts. An
expansion of plantations into these areas would
These examples illustrate that many
mean the loss of large amounts of biodiversity.
biofuels may be good for business,
but are not a sustainable solution to
greenhouse gas emissions from the JAKARTA. Many countries at this years climate
transport sector. They result in an change conference including China, the
increase in greenhouse gas European Union countries, and the U.S. have
emissions and an increase in poverty set targets for the use of biofuels to reduce their
and food insecurity in many parts of greenhouse gas emissions.
the world.
Adapted from:http://www.time.com/time/health/article/html
Activity 23
State the following statements whether they are True or False according to the text above.
No Statements T F

1 Biofuels is the only solution to climate change.

2 The climate change conference is hold in China.

3 There are three considerations to make biofuels be sustainable.

4 Biofuels has no negative effect because it comes from natural

material.

5 The loss of large amounts of biodiversity is one of the effect of

biofuels plantation.

6 Biofuels is sustainable solution to greenhouse gas emissions.

7 Using biofuels can reduce the emissions per unit energy than using
petroleum fuels.

D. INDEPENDENT CONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT

Activity 24
Answer the questions below to help performing a news item text.
1. What is the newest event you know?
2. In what city did it happen?
3. Who were involved in that event?
4. When did the event happen?
5. Where did the event occur in detail?
6. What is the cause/reason of the event?
7. How did the event happen?
8. Where did you get the information?
9. What comment did you get from the people around?
10. How was the ending or solution of the event?

Write your answers here according to the number given.

1.
2.
3.

4.
5.

6.

7.


8.
9.

10.

Activity 25
Work in pairs. Make a news item text based on the latest news happen around you or around your
city.
Title

Newsworthy
Event

Background Event



Sources

DEFINITION

SOCIAL
GENRE GENERIC STRUCTURE LANGUAGE FEATURES
FUNCTION
Newsworthy Event(s):
To inform recounts the event in Short, telegraphic
readers, summary form information about story
listeners or Background Events: captured in headline.
News
viewers about elaborate what happened, Use of Action Verbs to retell
Ite events of the to whom, in what the event.
day which are circumstances. Use of Saying Verbs in
m
considered Sources: comments by Sources stage.
newsworthy or participants in, witnesses to Use of conjunction of cause
important. and authoritys expert on and effect.
the event.

Short Functional Text

Advertisement
Activity 26
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
1. What is the picture about?


2. What is advertised in the picture?

3. What brand is that?

4. What is meant by More bars in more places?

5. What is the function of advertisement?

Activity 27
1. Work in group of four.
2. Make an advertisement about something you like most in A3 paper.
3. Color it as attractive as possible.
4. Perform it as if you are an advertiser.
 EXERCISE 3
Choose the correct answer.
Text 1 (No. 1 5)
Singapore to Double Arts, Media By 2012
SINGAPORE: The Singapore government wants to double the size of the countrys media,
design and arts industries to 6 percent of the economy by 2012, a minister said on Saturday.
The target comes as officials have said they want the country to move away from its stuffy, rule
bound image and embrace more creativity as it seeks ways to sustain economic growth.
The creative industries are poised to play a significant role in transforming our economy and
society, Lee Boon Yang, Minister of Information, Communication and the Arts, told a graduation
ceremony for fine arts students.
Singapores government has set aside more than S$200 million (US$116 million) over five
years to invest in the arts sector, Lee said, without giving details. AP
1. Where does the Minister give his speech? 4. What is the synonym of the underlined
A. In the medias office. word in the last paragraph?
B. In the governments office. A. Allocated
C. In the graduation ceremony. B. Cut
D. In the economic seminar. C. Taken
E. In the industrial department. D. Paid
2. How long is the arts fund used for? E. Rented
A. Up to 5 years. 5. The writer writes the text is to
B. About 5 years. A. describe the arts fund in Singapore.
C. Less than 5 years. B. inform readers the popular arts in
D. More than 5 years. Singapore.
E. Approximately 5 years. C. give some arguments about arts in
3. How big did the government increase the Singapore.
arts fund? D. discuss arts problem in Singapore.
A. Two times. E. tell a news about arts fund in
B. Three times. Singapore.
C. Four times.
D. Five times.
E. Six times.

Text 2 (No. 6 10)

Kendari SAR Team Finds 3 more Victims
KENDARI, Southeast Sulawesi: On Thursday, a search-and-rescue team found three more
victims from a ship that sunk in the Banda Sea, who had been missing since the big storm
occurred on Friday night last week. They were Aris Triono, the captain of the cargo ship, Yakub, a
crew, and Suharto, a passenger.
They were found on Thursday floating in waters close to Menui Island, Central Sulawesi
Province. The province is adjacent to Southeast Sullawesi province, within those territory lies the
Banda Sea. Two other victims were first saved by the SAR team in the Banda Sea on Saturday last
week, only a day after the ship sunk.
The SAR team is still looking for 10 crew member and a passenger still missing from the
incident, said Rocky Asikin, the head of Kendari SAR team. - JP
6. When did the incident happen? 9. Which word has the closest meaning with
A. On Thursday the underlined word in paragraph 2?
B. On Friday A. Going
C. On Saturday B. Sinking
D. Last week C. Holding
E. Sunday D. Flowing
7. How many victims are there in the E. Hovering
incident? 10. The statements below are true, EXCEPT
A. Two
B. Three A. The SAR team has found 10
C. Ten passengers.
D. Fifteen B. There are two victims found on
E. Sixteen Saturday.
8. Who are found on Thursday? C. Rocky Asikin is the leader of SAR
A. Rocky Asikin team.
B. Aris Triono, Yakub, and Suharto D. The ship sunk because of the big
C. Ten passengers storm.
D. Two victims E. The incident happened in Banda Sea.
E. All passengers
Text 3 (No. 11 13)
Treating TB in East Kalimantan
KUTAI BARAT (KangGURU) In Muara Asah, KGRE met Rene, a volunteer village worker
(cadre TB) assisting Yayasan Rio Tinto with the local governments tuberculosis program. After
training with the yayasan, cadres assist people at village level. They identify TB suspects, have
them tested, and then if positive, supervise treatment for between 6 8 moths. Incentives also
assist cadres to develop income-generating activities including small scale farming, provision of
seeds, and keeping goats.
My names Kamaludin and I live in Muara Asah. When I was sick, these people from the
Puskesmas and Rio Tinto gave me medicine until I recovered. They had sympathy on me and
almost every week brought me medicine. I took the medicine for six months, said Pak Kamaludin,
former TB patient from Muara Asah.
Adapted from: KangGURU
11. What are not the jobs of cadre TB? 13. How long was the treatment for
A. To cure the patient. Kamaludin?
B. To supervise treatment. A. Five months
C. To identify TB B. Six months
D. To help Yayasan Rio Tinto C. Seven months
E. To test the suspects D. Eight months
12. Last paragraph is the part of E. Nine months
A. Newsworthy event
B. Background
C. Source
D. Issue
E. Resolution

The following has no relation to text.

14. Which one does not belong to News Item 18. The following is the noun clause functions
text? as subject, EXCEPT
A. Sources A. Whatever you say will be heard
B. Issue carefully.
C. Event B. Who sings well will get a gift.
D. Background C. What you do is very valuable.
E. Give information D. Whenever you finish will be accepted
15. How the event happen in detail is usually by the chief.
a part of E. I cannot understand whatever you say.
A. Newsworthy event 19. Amir : I heard your brother has just won
B. Background the lottery.
C. Sources Joe :
D. Complication The suitable expression to complete the
E. Comment dialogue is
16. The teacher gives what the student want. A. Thats no problem.
The underlined clause functions as B. It doesnt matter.
A. Subject C. Thank for informing me.
B. Predicate D. Wow, are you sure?
C. Object E. Im sorry to hear that.
D. Complement 20. Dony : Hey, your name is listed as the
E. Adverb most favorite player.
17. The manager bought new car last week. Tata : I dont believe it. I dont think it
The underlined words can be replaced by before.
noun clause The underlined sentence expresses
A. Why he buys A. Certainty
B. When he wants B. Agreement
C. What he says C. Surprise
D. Where he drives D. Gratitude
E. Who he loves E. Regret

Essay
1. Mention the text organization of News Item!
2. Ben : This morning I saw a news on TV that Roy Marten involved in drugs.
Foe : . He is one of the anti-drugs campaigners.
3. Mention the functions of Noun Clause followed by example!
4. A journalist must report whatever he knows. The underlined words is Noun Clause as
5. The news is reported by a freelance reporter. Change the underlined words to Noun Clause.