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    Stabilization of Soil by Waste Materials: A Review

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    AdhwareshBharadwaj
    This document reviews various methods that have been used for soil stabilization. It summarizes past experiments conducted by researchers on stabilizing soil using different materials. The key methods discussed are: 1) using cement, lime, bitumen, or fly ash to stabilize soil; 2) past studies stabilizing soil with waste materials like burned olive waste or plastic; 3) stabilization increasing the shear strength and compressibility of soils. The document concludes by noting further research opportunities in using waste plastics to stabilize soil since plastics do not decompose and pollute the environment.

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    Stabilization of Soil by Waste Materials: A Review

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    AdhwareshBharadwaj
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    This document reviews various methods that have been used for soil stabilization. It summarizes past experiments conducted by researchers on stabilizing soil using different materials. The key methods discussed are: 1) using cement, lime, bitumen, or fly ash to stabilize soil; 2) past studies stabilizing soil with waste materials like burned olive waste or plastic; 3) stabilization increasing the shear strength and compressibility of soils. The document concludes by noting further research opportunities in using waste plastics to stabilize soil since plastics do not decompose and pollute the environment.

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    This document reviews various methods that have been used for soil stabilization. It summarizes past experiments conducted by researchers on stabilizing soil using different materials. The key methods discussed are: 1) using cement, lime, bitumen, or fly ash to stabilize soil; 2) past studies stabilizing soil with waste materials like burned olive waste or plastic; 3) stabilization increasing the shear strength and compressibility of soils. The document concludes by noting further research opportunities in using waste plastics to stabilize soil since plastics do not decompose and pollute the environment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views3 pages

    Stabilization of Soil by Waste Materials: A Review

    Uploaded by

    AdhwareshBharadwaj
    This document reviews various methods that have been used for soil stabilization. It summarizes past experiments conducted by researchers on stabilizing soil using different materials. The key methods discussed are: 1) using cement, lime, bitumen, or fly ash to stabilize soil; 2) past studies stabilizing soil with waste materials like burned olive waste or plastic; 3) stabilization increasing the shear strength and compressibility of soils. The document concludes by noting further research opportunities in using waste plastics to stabilize soil since plastics do not decompose and pollute the environment.

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    of 3

    IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol.

    5, Issue 03, 2017 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

    Stabilization of Soil by Waste Materials: A Review


    Arvind Singh1 Aditya Singh2 Faheem Raza3 Kashif Qadeer4 Priyank Kumar Singh5
    1,2,3,4
    B.Tech Student 5Assistant Professor
    1,2,3,4,5
    Moradabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
    Abstract This paper reviews various methods used for the 3) Bitumen: Asphalts and tars are bituminous materials
    stabilization of the soil in the past. Papers summarizes the which are used for stabilization of soil, generally for
    experiments done by the various researchers. As the soil pavement construction. Bituminous materials when
    weakness is the major cause of failure or degradation of added to a soil, it imparts both cohesion and reduced
    structures standing on weak soil. A stabilized soil provides water absorption. Depending upon the above actions and
    good contact between the foundation and the structure. The the nature of soils, bitumen stabilization is classified in
    transfer of load takes place easily if the soil is stabilized. So following four types: Sand bitumen stabilization, Soil
    the stabilization of soil is required and this paper enlightens Bitumen stabilization, Water proofed mechanical
    some techniques and experiments which was used in the past stabilization and Oiled earth.
    and were found to be correct in increasing the shear strength 4) Chemical Stabilization: Calcium chloride being
    of soil. hygroscopic and deliquescent is used as a water retentive
    Key words: Soil Stabilization, Waste Plastic, Lime, Bitumen, additive in mechanically stabilized soil bases and
    Cement, Fly Ash, Shear Strength, CBR Test surfacing. The vapor pressure gets lowered, surface
    tension increases and rate of evaporation decreases. The
    I. INTRODUCTION freezing point of pure water gets lowered and it results in
    Now a days, the major problem in constructing the roads, prevention or reduction of frost heave. The depressing
    highways, airports or any other structures is the availability the electric double layer, the salt reduces the water pick
    of proper soil conditions. In majority of places in India, the up and thus the loss of strength of fine grained soils.
    soil is found to be weak in shear strength for construction. So Calcium chloride acts as a soil flocculent and facilitates
    the need of soil stabilization arises. Soil Stabilization is any compaction.
    technique by which we can increase the shear strength of the 5) Electrical Stabilization: Electrical stabilization of clayey
    soil by allowing proper compaction or by adding some soils is done by method known as electro-osmosis. This
    chemicals and add mixture to it. There are many ways of is an expensive method of soil stabilization and is mainly
    stabilizing the weak soil like adding cements, lime, bitumen, used for drainage of cohesive soils.
    blast furnace slag. In this paper, we focused on various 6) Grouting: In this method, stabilizers are introduced by
    methods used in stabilization of soil in the past. In recent injection into the soil. This method is not useful for
    studies, it has been found that all the stabilizing agents are clayey soils because of their low permeability. This is a
    proved to be costly. So the major concern in stabilization of costly method for soil stabilization. This method is
    soil is the cost reduction. Then the idea of stabilization of soil suitable for stabilizing buried zones of relatively limited
    by waste material like waste plastic, bottles, canes, polythene extent.
    bags arises. Because these are available in abundance in all 7) Geotextiles and Fabrics: Geotextiles are porous fabrics
    over the world and it is almost cost free. made of synthetic materials such as polyethylene,
    polyester, nylons and polyvinyl chloride. Woven, non-
    woven and grid form varieties of geotextiles are
    II. MATERIALS USED IN THE STABILIZATION OF SOIL
    available. Geotextiles have a high strength. When
    Soil stabilization is a method of improving soil properties by properly embedded in soil, it contributes to its stability.
    blending and mixing other materials. Following are the It is used in the construction of unpaved roads over soft
    various soil stabilization methods and materials: soils.
    1) Cement: The soil stabilized with cement is known as soil 8) Waste Plastic: Waste Plastic includes all the non-
    cement. The cementing action is believed to be the result biodegradable waste such as polyethene, PVC, metals,
    of chemical reactions of cement with siliceous soil cans, bottles, plastic bags etc.
    during hydration reaction. The important factors
    affecting the soil-cement are nature of soil content, III. LITERATURE REVIEW
    conditions of mixing, compaction, curing and admixtures
    used. Many researches has been done in the stabilization of soil.
    2) Lime: Slaked lime is very effective in treating heavy Here we summarized some of them after studying the works
    plastic clayey soils. Lime may be used alone or in done by them. The literature review of the work done by the
    combination with cement, bitumen or fly ash. Sandy soils various researchers are presented below:
    can also be stabilized with these combinations. Lime has Mousa F. Attom , Munjed M. Al-Sharif (2003)
    been mainly used for stabilizing the road bases and the carried out the experiments on Soil stabilization with burned
    subgrade. Lime changes the nature of the adsorbed layer olive waste. The conclusion, they found in their results is the
    and provides pozzolana action. Plasticity index of highly addition of burned olive waste will reduce the plasticity of
    plastic soils are reduced by the addition of lime with soil. soil, especially when it has a high plastic index.
    There is an increase in the optimum water content and a Mustafa Aytekin and Evin Nas(1998) did the
    decrease in the maximum compacted density and he investigation on red, yellow and brown soil. They conducted
    strength and durability of soil increases. the studies on stabilization of soil with lime and cement and

    All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 4


    Stabilization of Soil by Waste Materials: A Review
    (IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 03/2017/002)

    found that lime is a agent which can increase the shear Megnath Neopaney, Ugyen, Kezang Wangchuk,
    strength of the soil but if it is added more than 30%, it Sherub Tenzin(2012) used various waste materials like
    decreases the compressibility of the soil. plastic mixed with soil and carried out CBR test and found
    T. D. V. Lakshmi, Dr. M Anjan Kumar, Dr. DSV the conclusion that The maximum improvement in CBR is
    Prasad, Dr. GVR Prasada Raju(2015) carried out the obtained while using 0.5% plastics strips having aspect ratio
    experiments on stabilization of industrial waste red mud with 3. The CBR value at AR 4 and 0.5% plastic strip decreased.
    cement. Red mud is a fine grained Industrial waste dominated The reinforcement benefit increases with an increase in AR
    byfines with silt sizes as prominent with high specific and percentage of strip content up to certain limit, and beyond
    gravity(2.9) and high percentages of reactive oxides (SiO2, that it reduces its strength. The maximum CBR value of a
    Al2O3and Fe2O3) as 80%.Addition of cement to Red mud reinforced system is approximately 1.70 times that of an
    increases OMC values and decreases MDD values. unreinforced system.
    Aminaton Marto, Nima Latifi, Houman
    Sohaei(2013) carried out the experiments on the stabilization IV. FUTURE SCOPE
    of laterite soil using GKS soil stabilizer. GKS is a new liquid Several researches are done in the stabilization of soil by
    soil stabilizer. The results shows that the GKS is a suitable various stabilizing agents. Many studies are still going on in
    stabilizer for some of the practical project generally this field to improve the shear strength of soil. In future, the
    undertaken such as in increasing the road bearing capacity. work can be extended in this field by using waste plastic
    R. C. Stefanson(1973) carried out the factorial materials. Because it is not self-decomposable and also
    experiment on Soil Stabilization by Polyvinyl Alcohol to find pollute the environment if it is not decomposed. Using it in
    its Effect on the Growth of Wheat. They found the conclusion the stabilization of soil, we can achieve two goals, first that
    that Polyvinyl alcohols have been shown effectively to we can improve the quality of soil and the second is we can
    increase the acceptance of simulated rain and to reduce soil reduce the harmful effects of plastic waste on the
    loss from some red-brown earths. environment.
    Jurate Kumpiene, Anders Lagerkvist, Christian
    Maurice(2005) carried out the experiments on Stabilization
    V. CONCLUSION
    of Pb and Cu contaminated soil using coal fly ash and peat.
    They found the conclusion that soil amendment with coal fly After reviewing the above research papers, we found that
    ash and peat reduced the leaching of Cu and Pb from lime, cement, bitumen are the stabilizing agents which can
    contaminated soil by an average of 96% and 99.9% in reduce the plasticity index of the soil. These methods of
    laboratory batch experiments. stabilizing the soil can be used in the variety of the civil
    R. A. Janzen, C. F. Shaykewich, and Tee Boon engineering applications. By using plastic wastes, it seems to
    Goh(1988) carried out the experiment on stabilization of be an economical method because there is a lack of good
    Residual C And N in soil. That study demonstrated that in quality soil for embankment fills. Yearly, the waste plastic
    the short term the properties of the soil and the composition are generated in the mass level and occupied a great space
    of the amendments added to that soil influence active SOM also. So it is necessary to find the solution of this problem.
    dynamics. The data shown in that paper reveals that the clay Future work can be extended further in this field.
    and SOM contents of the soils, and also the form of C and N
    and C:N ratio of the materials added to the soils influence the REFERENCES
    incorporation of C and N into the active SOM pool. Thus [1] Mousa F. Attom, Munjed M. Al-Sharif, Soil
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    All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 5


    Stabilization of Soil by Waste Materials: A Review
    (IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 03/2017/002)

    [7] R. A. Janzen, C. F. Shaykewich, Tee Boon Goh,


    Stabilization of Residual C and N in Soil Canadian
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    All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 6

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