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    Gerund

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    Aomme Jogthong
    This document provides a summary of the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It outlines 9 rules for using gerunds and infinitives, including that gerunds are often used as subjects or objects of verbs, can take possessive pronouns, and follow prepositions. Infinitives can follow verbs, adjectives, nouns, and are used to express purpose. Examples are given to illustrate the rules for different grammatical structures using gerunds and infinitives.

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    Gerund

    Uploaded by

    Aomme Jogthong
    632 views2 pages
    This document provides a summary of the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It outlines 9 rules for using gerunds and infinitives, including that gerunds are often used as subjects or objects of verbs, can take possessive pronouns, and follow prepositions. Infinitives can follow verbs, adjectives, nouns, and are used to express purpose. Examples are given to illustrate the rules for different grammatical structures using gerunds and infinitives.

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    This document provides a summary of the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It outlines 9 rules for using gerunds and infinitives, including that gerunds are often used as subjects or objects of verbs, can take possessive pronouns, and follow prepositions. Infinitives can follow verbs, adjectives, nouns, and are used to express purpose. Examples are given to illustrate the rules for different grammatical structures using gerunds and infinitives.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    632 views2 pages

    Gerund

    Uploaded by

    Aomme Jogthong
    This document provides a summary of the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It outlines 9 rules for using gerunds and infinitives, including that gerunds are often used as subjects or objects of verbs, can take possessive pronouns, and follow prepositions. Infinitives can follow verbs, adjectives, nouns, and are used to express purpose. Examples are given to illustrate the rules for different grammatical structures using gerunds and infinitives.

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Grammar Presentation

    Gerunds and Infinitives

    Gerunds
    Eating fast food is convenient.
    They recommend reducing fats in the food.
    She started buying McBreakfast every day.
    We're tired of reading calorie counts.
    I didn't like his ordering fries.

    Infinitives
    It's convenient to eat fast foods.
    They plan to reduce fats in the food.
    She started to buy McBreakfast every day.
    We were surprised to read the number of calories.
    I urged him to order fries.
    It's time to eat.

    GRAMMAR NOTES

    GRAMMAR NOTES EXAMPLES


    1. The gerund is often used as the subject of a • Eating fast food can be fun.
    sentence. • Not caring about calories is a mistake.
    2. The gerund is often used after certain verbs as • I dislike eating fast food every day.
    the object of the verb. • Julio considered not eating fast foods.

    You can use a possessive (Anne's, the boy's, • I dislike Julio's eating fast foods.
    your, his, her, its, our, their) before the gerund. • I dislike his eating fast foods.

    USEAGE NOTE: In the informal spoken • I dislike him eating fast foods.
    English, many people use object pronouns
    instead of possessives before the gerund.
    3. Some verbs can be followed by the infinitive.
    These verbs fall into three groups:

    a. verb + infinitive • They hope to open a new McDonald's.


    • She choose not to give up meat.
    • I urge you to try that new restaurant.
    b. verb + object + infinitive • She convinced him not to order fries.
    • I want to try that new restaurant
    c. verb + infinitive • I want her to try it too.
    or • We wanted to order quickly.
    verb + object + infinitive NOT We wanted to quickly order.
    USEAGE NOTE: In formal written English, it is
    considered incorrect to “split” an infinitive by
    placing a word between to and the base form of
    the verb. However, many people do not follow
    this rule.
    4. Some verbs can be followed by either the • I started bringing my own lunch
    gerund or the infinitive. The meanings are the or
    same. • I started to bring my own lunch
    • She stopped eating pizza.
    (She doesn't eat it anymore.)
    BE CAREFUL! A few verbs (for example, • She stopped to eat pizza.
    stop, remember, and forget) can be followed by (She stopped another activity in order to eat
    either the gerund or the infinitive, but the pizza.)
    meanings are very different. • He remembered meeting her there.
    (First he met her. Then he remembered that he
    did it.)
    • He remembered to meet her there.
    (First he remembered. Then he met her. He
    didn't forget.)
    • I never forgot eating lunch at
    McDonald's.
    (I ate lunch at McDonald's and I didn't forget the
    experience.)
    • I never forgot to eat lunch.
    (I always ate lunch)
    5. The gerund is the only verb form that can • I read an article about counting calories.
    follow a preposition. • I don't approve of eating fast food.
    • We're interested in trying different types
    There are many common verb + preposition and of food.
    adjective + preposition combinations that must • We look forward to having dinner with
    be followed by the gerund and not the infinitive. you.
    NOT we look forward to have dinner with you.
    BE CAREFUL! To can be part of the infinitive
    or it can be a preposition. Use the gerund after
    the preposition to.
    6. The infinitive can often follow an adjective. • They wear eager to try the new taco.
    Many of these adjectives express feelings or • She was glad to hear that it was low in
    attitudes about the action in the infinitive. calories.
    • We're ready to have something different.
    7. The infinitive can also follow certain nouns. • It's time to take a break.
    • I have the right to eat what I want.
    • They made a decision to lose weight.
    • It's a high price to pay.
    • He has permission to stay out late.
    8. Use the infinitive to explain the purpose of an • Doug eats fasts food to save time.
    action.
    9. To make general statements you can use:
    gerund as subject • Cooking is fun.
    or or
    it + infinitive • It's fun to cook.

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