Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 161 views

    Number System Conversion

    Uploaded by

    geddam06108825
    Conversion between number systems can be useful for calculations inside digital systems that use binary, and for human-readable presentation that uses decimal. There are standard rules for converting between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Binary to decimal converts by summing place values, decimal to binary uses repeated division by 2. Octal and hexadecimal use a similar process but with different bases of 8 and 16. Grouping bits into chunks of 3 or 4 makes conversion between binary and octal/hexadecimal more efficient. Octal and hex are useful shorthand for binary and reduce errors versus writing long strings of 1s and 0s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Number System Conversion

    Uploaded by

    geddam06108825
    161 views8 pages
    Conversion between number systems can be useful for calculations inside digital systems that use binary, and for human-readable presentation that uses decimal. There are standard rules for converting between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Binary to decimal converts by summing place values, decimal to binary uses repeated division by 2. Octal and hexadecimal use a similar process but with different bases of 8 and 16. Grouping bits into chunks of 3 or 4 makes conversion between binary and octal/hexadecimal more efficient. Octal and hex are useful shorthand for binary and reduce errors versus writing long strings of 1s and 0s.

    Original Description:

    Document

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Conversion between number systems can be useful for calculations inside digital systems that use binary, and for human-readable presentation that uses decimal. There are standard rules for converting between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Binary to decimal converts by summing place values, decimal to binary uses repeated division by 2. Octal and hexadecimal use a similar process but with different bases of 8 and 16. Grouping bits into chunks of 3 or 4 makes conversion between binary and octal/hexadecimal more efficient. Octal and hex are useful shorthand for binary and reduce errors versus writing long strings of 1s and 0s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    161 views8 pages

    Number System Conversion

    Uploaded by

    geddam06108825
    Conversion between number systems can be useful for calculations inside digital systems that use binary, and for human-readable presentation that uses decimal. There are standard rules for converting between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Binary to decimal converts by summing place values, decimal to binary uses repeated division by 2. Octal and hexadecimal use a similar process but with different bases of 8 and 16. Grouping bits into chunks of 3 or 4 makes conversion between binary and octal/hexadecimal more efficient. Octal and hex are useful shorthand for binary and reduce errors versus writing long strings of 1s and 0s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 8

    3.

    Convert a number from one number system to another


    Conversion between number bases:

    Hexa (16)

    Decimal Binary (2)


    (10)

    Octal (8)

    More Interest

    Way we need conversion?

    We need decimal system for real world (for presentation and input):
    for example: we use 10-based numbering system for input and output
    in digital calculator.
    We need binary system inside calculator for calculation.

    Conversion Digital Conversion


    Input Output
    10-to-2 System 2-to-10
    a) Binary to decimal conversions:
    Rule: any binary number can be converted to its decimal equivalent
    simply by summing together the weights of the various positions in
    the binary number which contains a 1.

    Example 1: Convert 110112 to its decimal equivalent

    1 1 0 1 1

    + + + = 16+8+2+1= 2710

    24 +23 0 21 20

    Example 2: Convert 101101012 to decimal equivalent

    27 + 0+ 25+ 24+ 0+ 22+ 0+ 20 = 18110

    b) Decimal to binary conversions:


    There are two ways to convert a decimal number to its equivalent
    binary representation
    1. The reverse of the binary-to-decimal conversion process
    (optional). The decimal number is simply expressed as a sum
    of powers of 2 and then 12 and 02 are written in the appropriate
    bit positions.
    Example 1:-Convert 4510 to binary number

    4510 = 32+ 8+ 4+ 1= 25+ 0+ 23+ 22+ 0+ 20 =101101(2)

    Example 2:-Convert 7610 to binary number

    7610= 64+ 8+ 4 = 26+ 23+ 22 = 10011002

    2. Repeated division: Repeating division the decimal number by


    2 and writing down the remainder after each division until a
    quotient of 0 is obtained.
    Note:
    The binary result is obtained by writing the first
    remainder as the LSB and the last remainder as the MSB.
    General Rule 1: Conversion from decimal to other base

    1. Divide decimal number by the base (2, 8, 16,).


    2. The remainder is the lowest-order digit.
    3. Repeat first two steps unit no divisor remains.
    General Rule 2: Decimal fraction conversion to anther base

    1. Multiply decimal number by the base (2, 8,).


    2. The integer is the highest-order digit.
    3. Repeat first two steps until fraction becomes
    zero.

    Example 1 Convert 2510 to binary number

    = 12 + remainder of 1 (LSB)

    = 6 + remainder of 0

    = 3 + remainder of 0

    = 1 + remainder of 1

    = 0 + remainder of 1 (MSB)

    2510 = 1 1 0 0 12

    Example 2 Convert 1310 to binary number

    Division by 2 Quotient integer remainder


    6 1 (a0)

    =
    3 0 (a1)

    1 1 (a2)

    0 1 (a3)
    Answer (13)10 = (a3 a2 a1 a0) = (1101)2
    Example 3: Convert 0.62510 to binary number
    Multiply by 2 Integer Fraction coefficient
    0.625*2 = 1 + 0.25 a1 = 1

    0.250*2 = 0 + 0.50 a2 = 0

    0.500*2 = 1 + 0(stop) a3 = 1
    Correct
    Answer (0.625)10 = (0.a1 a2 a3)2 = (0.101)2 order

    c) Octal-to-decimal
    To convert, we need to multiply each octal digit by its positional
    weight.

    Example 1

    372(8) = (3*82) + (7*81) + (2*80) = (3*64) + 56+2 = 25010

    Example 2

    24.68 = (2*81) + (4*80) + (6*8-1) = 20.7510

    d) Decimal to octal
    Repeated division by 8.

    Example 1: Convert 26610 to octal number.

    = 33 + remainder of 2 (LSD)

    = 4 + remainder of 1

    = 0 + remainder of 4

    26610 = 4 1 2(8)
    Example 2: Convert 0.3510 to octal number.
    Multiply by 8 Integer Fraction coefficient
    0.35*8= 2 + 0.80 a1 = 2

    Repeated 0.8*8 = 6 + 0.40 a2 = 6


    stop
    0.4*8 = 3 + 0.20 a3 = 3

    0.2*8 = 1 + 0.60 a4 =1

    0.6*8 = 4 + 0.80 a5 =4

    Answer (0.35)10 = (0.a1 a2 a3 a4 a5)2 = (0.26314)8 Correct


    order
    e) Hexa-to-decimal

    Example 1:-Convert 356(16) to decimal:

    356(16) =

    (3*162) + (5*161) + (6*160) = 3*256 + 80 +6 = 854(10)

    Example 2:-Convert 2AF(16) to decimal:


    2AF(16) =

    (2*162) + (10*161) + (15*160) = 512+160+15 = 687(10)

    f) Decimal-to-hexa:(using repeated division by 16)


    Example 1: Convert 42310 to hex number.

    = 26 + remainder of 7 (LSD)

    = 1 + remainder of 10

    = 0 + remainder of 1

    42310 = 1 A 7(16)
    g) Hexa-to-binary:
    Each hexa digit is converted to its four-bit binary equivalent:

    Example 1: Convert 9F2(16) to its binary equivalent

    9 F 2

    1001 1111 0010

    9F2(16) = 100111110010(2)

    Example 2: Convert BA6(16) to binary equivalent

    BA6(16) = (1011 1010 0110)2

    h) Binary-to-hexa
    The binary numbers are grouped into groups of four bits and each
    group is converted to its equivalent hexa digit.
    Zeros are added as needed to complete a four-bit group.

    Example 1: Convert 1110100110(2) to hexa equivalent

    Solution:
    Added
    0011 1010 0110
    zeros
    3 A 6

    1110100110(2) = 3A6(16)

    Example 2: Convert 1010111112 to hexa equivalent

    Solution:

    1 0101 11112 = 15F(16)

    i) Octal to binary conversion:


    Conversion each octal digit to its three bit binary equivalent.
    Conversion Table
    Octal digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
    Binary
    000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
    equivalent
    Using this table, we can convert any octal number to binary by
    individually converting each digit.

    Example 1: Convert 472(8) to binary number

    Solution:

    4 7 2

    100 111 010

    472(8)) = 100111010(2)

    Example 2: Convert 5431(8) to binary number

    Solution:

    5431(8) = 101 100 011 001 = 101100011001(2)

    j) Binary to octal conversion:


    The bits of the binary number are grouped into group of 3 bits
    starting at the LSB, then each group is converted to its octal
    equivalent (see table).

    Example 1: Convert 11010110(2) to octal equivalent

    Solution:
    Added
    011 010 110
    zero
    3 2 6

    11010110(2) = 326(8)

    Note:
    Zero was placed to the left of the MSB to produce groups
    of 3 bits.

    General example:

    Convert 17710 to its eight-bit binary equivalent by first


    converting to octal.
    Solution:

    = 22 + remainder of 1 (LSD)

    = 2 + remainder of 6

    = 0 + remainder of 2

    17710 = 2 6 1(8)

    Thus 17710 = 261(8), now we can quickly convert this octal number
    to its binary equivalent 010110001 to get eight bit representation.
    So:

    Important Note: this method of decimal-to-octal-to-binary


    conversion is often quicker than going directly from
    decimal to binary, especially for large numbers.

    4. Advantage of octal and hexadecimal systems:


    1. Hexa and octal number are used as a "short hand" way to represent
    stings of bits.
    2. Error prone to write the binary number, in hex and octal less error.
    3. The octal and hexadecimal number systems are both used (in
    memory addressing and microprocessor technology).

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy