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    12 - 2006 Porofab

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    salekojic
    The document discusses POWERFAB®, an improved mica insulation system for high voltage rotating machines. It provides details on POWERFAB®'s thinner insulation layers and flat glass yarn, which allow for higher voltage endurance and power output compared to standard insulation systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    12 - 2006 Porofab

    Uploaded by

    salekojic
    142 views16 pages
    The document discusses POWERFAB®, an improved mica insulation system for high voltage rotating machines. It provides details on POWERFAB®'s thinner insulation layers and flat glass yarn, which allow for higher voltage endurance and power output compared to standard insulation systems.

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    Isovolta

    Original Title

    12_2006 Porofab

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    The document discusses POWERFAB®, an improved mica insulation system for high voltage rotating machines. It provides details on POWERFAB®'s thinner insulation layers and flat glass yarn, which allow for higher voltage endurance and power output compared to standard insulation systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    142 views16 pages

    12 - 2006 Porofab

    Uploaded by

    salekojic
    The document discusses POWERFAB®, an improved mica insulation system for high voltage rotating machines. It provides details on POWERFAB®'s thinner insulation layers and flat glass yarn, which allow for higher voltage endurance and power output compared to standard insulation systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 16

    POWERFAB

    Improved Mica Insulation


    System for HV Rotating
    Machines
    VPI-System
    Porofab
    Porofab
    POWERFABs new glass fabric

    Standard yarn of glass cloth Flat glass yarn for Powerfab

    ~25% - 33%
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Contact area for binder resin

    Mica Mica
    weft
    warp
    binder

    ~15% reduced mica tape thickness

    Porofab for VPI Technology


    Calmicafab for RR Technology
    Porofab
    Porofab
    VPI tape: 160g mica & 24g glass / m

    Standard versus Porofab

    Less resin
    content

    Flatter and
    more com-
    pact glass
    yarn

    Mica
    layers
    touch each
    other
    Porofab
    Porofab
    VPI tape: 160g mica & 24g glass / m

    Standard versus Porofab


    Thinner layers
    with equal
    Mica content

    Warp and
    weft
    minimise
    the knuckle
    effect
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Mainwall insulation: historical overview I

    > 2005
    Year 1911
    Year 1983 Year 1993 Year 1998 Powerfab

    69,82 mm
    73,64 mm
    78,89 mm
    80,36 mm
    128,45 mm

    42,4 mm
    17,1
    19,01 mm
    21,36 20,41 mm
    mm mm
    (4,6 mm) (4,1 mm) (3,4 mm) (2,5 mm)

    (15,1 mm)
    15 kV insulation
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Mainwall insulation: historical overview II
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Voltage Endurance Test
    (Epoxy Anhydride System)
    IEEE 1553: VET of form-wound coils and bars for hydrogenerators
    Schedule A: 400 h @ 2.17 UN
    Schedule A: 250 h @ 2.53 UN
    Porofab 3290 Life time
    En [kV/mm]
    Extreme conditions: sharp edges
    30

    25

    20

    15

    10
    Test
    KEMA Life time E=3.5kV/mm Votastat normal temperature:
    Votastat spezial IEEE 1553 E=3.5kV/mm 155C
    5 Kema Life time E=4.0kV/mm IEEE 1553 E=4.0kV/mm
    Kema Life time E=4.5kV/mm IEEE 1553 E=4.5kV/mm
    Logarithmic Votastat

    0 t [h]
    1 10 100 1000 10000
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Thermal and electrical properties
    (Epoxy Anhydride System)

    P power, heat transmission


    A heat transmission area
    T temperature difference
    P = A T thermal conductivity
    s s thickness of insulation
    TTC Thermal transmission
    TTC
    coefficient
    10.5 kV Insulation
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Thermal Cycling
    (Epoxy Anhydride System)

    Cycle: 16h at indicated temperature, 8h at RT


    Fail criteria: tan tip-up 5

    Thermocycle test VPI


    60

    VPI Standard Sample 1


    VPI Standard Sample 2
    50 VPI Standard Sample 3
    VPI Standard Sample 4
    Porofab Sample 1
    Porofab Sample 2
    40 Porofab Sample 3
    Number of cycles

    Porofab Sample 4
    Porofab Sample 5

    30

    20

    10

    0
    160 170 180 190 200 210
    Temperature level [C]
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Mechanical properties I

    Tensile Strength

    150 Fmax = 143,4 N

    F
    125

    100
    Fmax = 134,5 N

    tape
    F in N
    75

    50

    25
    Standard Porofab

    F 0
    0 1 2 3 4 L in % 5
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Mechanical properties II

    Tear Edge Strength

    450

    Fmax = 369 N
    375
    Fmax = 298,3 N
    300
    20 F in N
    225

    150

    75 Standard Porofab

    0
    0 2 4 6 8 10 L in % 12
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Mechanical properties III

    Flexural Strength
    6
    Fmax= 5,4 N

    knife 5

    4 Fmax= 3,6 N

    tape F
    F in N
    3
    20 mm
    2

    1
    Standard Porofab
    slot 0
    L in %
    0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Power increase of a small air cooled hydro
    generator

    SN = 32 MVA
    cos = 0.85
    12.5 % more n = 500 rpm
    copper in stator slot UN = 10.5 kV
    16.5 % more power IN = 1760 A
    output f = 50 Hz
    EN = 2.24 kV/mm FAB EN new = 3.0 kV/mm
    = 0.27 W/mK new = 0.37 W/mK

    SN = 37.3 MVA
    SN = 5.3 MVA
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Power increase of a large indirect hydrogen
    cooled turbo generator

    SN = 440 MVA
    cos = 0.80
    9.5 % more copper n = 3000 rpm
    in stator slot UN = 20 kV
    20% more power IN = 12702 A
    output f = 50 Hz
    EN = 2.70 kV/mm FAB EN new = 3.5 kV/mm
    = 0.27 W/mK new = 0.37 W/mK

    SN = 530 MVA
    SN = 90 MVA
    Porofab
    Porofab
    Conclusions
    Improved properties:
    Thermal (insulation)
    - higher thermal conductivity
    - better bonding of layers better thermal properties at
    elevated temperatures
    - better delamination reserves at highest temperatures
    Electrical (insulation)
    - higher electric field strength
    Ambient (insulation)
    - same as standard
    Mechanical (tape)
    - reduced mica tape thickness
    - higher tensile strength
    - higher tear edge strength
    - lower flexural strength

    Increase of machines efficiency by reduced and better


    thermal conducting mainwall insulation:
    Reduction of frame size (material) at same power output:
    commercial benefit
    Higher power output at same frame size (material)

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