Chapter 07

Chapter07

A C CIRCUITS
ACCIRCUITS
 1.Effectivevoltageisgivenbyexpression

1)Ve=Vo/22)Ve= 2Vo

3)Vo/ 4) Vo

Effectivevoltageisrmsvoltage
Effective voltage is rms voltage
Answeris(1)
2.Acoilhavingzeroresistanceisconnectedin
il h i i i di
serieswitha90 resistanceandthe
combinationisconnectedto120V,60Hzline.
bi i i d 120 60 li
Avoltmeterreads36Vacrosstheresistance
and114Vacrossthecoil.Theselfinductance
d 114 V h il Th lf i d
ofthecoilis

1)0.076H2)0.76H

3)7.6H 4)76H
GivenVR=36V
R = 90
R=90
I=V/R=36/90
=0.4A
AlsogivenVL=114V
XL =V
= VL/I
/I
2L=114/0.4
L=114/2x3.14x60x0.4=0.76H
3.Aradiotransformerhas660turnsofwirein
3 A di t f h 660 t f i i
theprimarycoilwhichisconnectedto220V
AC
ACsource.Thesecondarycoilsupplies6.3V
Th d il li 6 3V
forthefilamentofabulb.Whatisthe
n mber of t rns in the secondar ?
numberofturnsinthesecondary?
1)2 2)4

3)19
) 4)57
)
 Ns/Np=Vs/Vp
Ns/Np = Vs/Vp

Ns=VsNp/Vp
/

=6.3x660/220

=6.3x3=18.9=19
4.Acurrentof4Aflowsinacoilwhenconnected
to a 12 V dc source If the same coil is connected
toa12Vdcsource.Ifthesamecoilisconnected
toa12V,50rads1 acsource,acurrentof2.4A
flows The inductance of the coil is
flows.Theinductanceofthecoilis

1)80H 2)8H

3)80mH 4)8mH.
Idc=4AVdc=12VR=Vdc/Idc=12/4=3

Vac=12V,Iac=2.4A Z=Vac/Iac=12/2.4=5

=50rads1
L=( Z2 R2) / =4/50=0.08=80mH
5.Ana.c.havingapeakvalue28Aisusedto
5 A h i k l 28 A i dt
heatametalwire.Toproducethesame
h ti
heatingeffectaconstantcurrentIthatcanbe
ff t t t t I th t b
usedis

1)28A 2)about20A

3)7A
) 4)about10A
)

Answer : Idc = Irms = Io /2 = 28/1.41

Answer:Idc=Irms=Io/2 28/1 41 =20 A
6 A circuit has a resistance of 30 inseries
6.Acircuithasaresistanceof30 in series
withaninductivereactanceof40 .They
are connected in series with an ac source If
areconnectedinserieswithanacsource.If
thepeakvalueofcurrentis1Aandthepeak
voltage is 220 V the power consumed by the
voltageis220V,thepowerconsumedbythe
circuitis

1)66W 2)6.6.W

3)0.66W 4)33W
R=30 XL =40 .Z=(R2 +XL2)=50
P=(VoIocos)
= VoIo(R/Z)
( / )
=x1x220x0.6
x1x 220 x0.6 =66W
66 W
Answeris(1)
 7.Inthecircuitshown
VAB =VAC ,thenPis

1) aninductor
2) acapacitor
3)asuitablecombinationofinductorandcapacitor
4)resistor
VBC =0ItispossibleiffXisacombinationL
& C at resonance
&Catresonance
8.Inanaccircuit,thevoltageVandthecurrentI
are given by V 100 sin ( 100 t ) volt and
aregivenbyV=100sin(100t)voltand
I =100sin(100t+/3)mA.Thepower
( ) p
dissipatedinthecircuitis

1)zero 2)10

3)5W 4)2.5W
 P = (VoIo cos )
P=(VoIocos)
= (100x100x10-3 cos 60)
= x10x0.5
10 0 5
= 2.5 W
 I i LCR i it R 100 andapplied
9.InaseriesLCRcircuit,R=100
9 d li d
acvoltageis200V.Whenthecapacitance
aloneisremoved,thevoltageleadsthe
l i d th lt l d th
currentby300.Whentheinductancealoneis
lt l th t b 300.
removed,thevoltagelagsthecurrentby30
d th
Thenthecurrentinthecircuitis

1)0.5A 2)1A

3)2A 4)4A
 Net
NetphasedifferencebetweenV&I
phase difference between V & I
= 1 + 2 =30 30=0
Socktisinresonance
S k i i
I=V/R=200/100=1A
 10.A4Fcapacitorchargedto50Visconnected
across an ideal inductor of inductance 10 mH.
acrossanidealinductorofinductance10mH.
Themaximumvalueofcurrentinthecircuitis

1)20mA
1) 20 mA 2) 2 mA
2)2mA

3)1mA 4)1A
Given,C=4FV=50V
L=10x1033 H.
Energy
Energystoredinthecapacitorisconverted
stored in the capacitor is converted
intoenergyintheinductor
LI2 =CV
LI = CV2

x 10 x 1033 I2 =4x10
x10x10 = 4x 1066 x2500
x 2500

I2
2 =1
=1
Answer is (4)=1A
11.Atransformerisusedtolight140watt,24
voltlampfrom240Vacmains.Thecurrent
inthemaincableis0.7A.Theefficiencyof
thetransformeris

1)63.8% 2)84%

3) 83.3 %
3)83.3% 4) 48%
4)48%
Given;Ps=140watt,Vs=24volt
Vp=240VIp=0.7A.
Theefficiencyofthetransformer
The efficiency of the transformer
= Ps/Pp
= Ps/Vs
/ Is =140/(24
140/(24 x0.7)
0 ) = 20/24
= 0.833

Answer is (3) = 83.3%

83 3 %
12.InaLRCcircuit,capacitanceischangedfrom
f
Cto2C.Fortheresonantfrequencyto
remainunchanged,theinductanceshouldbe
h d h d h ld b
changedfromLto

1)4L 2)2L

3)L/2 4)L/4
 For
Fortheresonantfrequencytoremain
the resonant frequency to remain
unchanged
LC = const
LC=const
L1/C
If C --------- 2C, then L---------L/2

Answer is ( 3)=L/2
13.AnacsourceE=200 2sin100tisconnected
acrossacircuitcontainingaACammeterand
acapacitorofcapacity1 F.Thenthe
readingoftheammeteris

1)10mA 2)20mA

3)40mA 4)80mA
E=200 2sin100t
comparingwithE=Eosint
Eo=200
Eo 2 & =100
= 200 2& = 100
ReadingoftheammeterI=E/Xc
I=Eo// 2Xc
=200x C=200x100X106
=2X102
= 20X103A
=20X10
Answeris(2)=20mA
14.TheimpedanceofacoilofresistanceRtoAC
ff i
offrequency50Hzis3R.Theself
h lf
inductanceofthecoilis(ifR=6.28)

1)0.25H 2)2.5H

3)0.028H 4)0.025H
 3 R
Z =3
Z = 50Hz
50Hz & R = 6.28

=( Z2 R2) / 2
LL=(
=( 3R2 R2) / 2
= 2 x R / 2
=2 x6.28 / 2x3.14x50
=1.41/50=0.0282H

Answeris(3)
15.ThereactanceofferedbyacoiltoACof
certainfrequencyisequaltoitsresistance.
Thephasedifferencebetweenthevoltage
acrossthecoiltothecurrentthroughthecoil
inradiansis

1)/3 2)/6

3)/2 4)/4
Given XL =R
GivenX R
The
Thephasedifferencebetweenthevoltage
phase difference between the voltage
acrossthecoiltothecurrentthroughthecoil
tan = (XL Xc)/R
tan Xc)/R
= XL /R=1
= /4
/
Answeris4)/4
16.Thechokecoilhasaresistance8 andthe
i d ti t 6 Th
inductivereactance6.Thepowerfactorof
f t f
thecoilis

1) 0.6
06 ` 2) 0 8
2)0.8

3)0.4 4)0.3
 Given, R =8
Given,R
8 6 .
XL=6.

The
Thepowerfactorofthecoil,
power factor of the coil
Cos = R/Z
=8/10
8/10 = 0.8
08
Answeris(2)=0.8
17.Analternatingcurrentisgivenby
I= I1 coswt+I
I=I cos wt + I2 sinwt.
sin wt
thermscurrentisgivenby

I (I12+ I22 +2 I1 I2cos)) b

Io= but) 900
t) =90

I (I12+ I22 )
Io=

I I /2 (I12+ I22 )/2

Irms=Io/2=

Answeris
18.Inthecircuitshown,
theinductorusedis
anidealone.
Thecurrentinthe
circuitwhenthe
switchisclosedis

1) 0.2A 2)0.3A

3)1A 4)0.14A
Sincetheinductorisideal,thecircuitcanbe
Since the inductor is ideal the circuit can be
writtenas
I=E/(R
I = E/(Re+r)

I=10/10=1A

Answeris(3) I=1A
 19.Reciprocalofimpedanceiscalled

1)conductance 2)admittance

3)conductivity
3) conductivity 4) resistivity
4)resistivity

Answeris(2)
20.Inanaccircuitthevirtualpoweris50Wand
the power factor is Then the actual power is
thepowerfactoris.Thentheactualpoweris

1) 50W 2)100W

3)25W 4)75W
 Pav =VIcos
VI cos
Pav =P
= Pviri cos

Pav = 50x
0

Answeris(3)=25W
21.Theprimaryofatransformerhas1000turns
21 Th i f f h 1000
andsecondaryhas2000turns.Foranyinput
voltage,thepowerinthesecondaryis
l h i h d i

1)doublethatinprimary
2)lessorequaltothatinprimary
3)halfofthatinprimary
4) 1 5 times that in primary
4)1.5timesthatinprimary

Answeris(2)
 22.InanACcircuitcontainingapureinductor
22 In an AC circuit containing a pure inductor
andacapacitor,thecurrentandvoltage
are
are

1) inphase
in phase
2)outofphaseby900
3)outofphaseby180
) f h b 0

4)outofphaseby450

Answeris(1)
23.Thebandwidthofaresonancecurvewith
respect to a series RLC circuit is 48 kHz If the
respecttoaseriesRLCcircuitis48kHz.Ifthe
qualityfactoris3,theresonantfrequencyis

1)51kHz2)45kHz

3)144kHz 4)16kHz
 Given, B.W =48kHz.Q
Given,B.W 48 kHz. Q=3
3

Q = o/BW
Q= / BW

o =QxBW=3x48kHz.
k

=144kHz

Answeris(3)=144kHz
24.Aninductorofinductance2Handa
resistance of 10 areconnectedtoabattery
resistanceof10 are connected to a battery
of5V inseries.Theinitialrateofchangeof
current is
currentis

1)0.5A/s 2)1.25A/s

3)2.5A/s 4)2A/s
Given:L=2Handaresistanceof10 are
connected to a battery of 5 V in series The
connectedtoabatteryof5Vinseries.The
initialrateofchangeofcurrentis
Applyingkirchofsloopruletotheckt
E L.(dI/dt)=IR
( / )
Initially,I=0
dI/dt = E/L = 5/10= 0 5A/s
dI/dt=E/L=5/10=0.5A/s

Answer(1)=0.5A/s
25.AbulbBandacapacitorC
25 A bulb B and a capacitor C
areconnectedtoabattery
as shown in figure
asshowninfigure.
WhentheswitchSisclosed.

1) thebulbwillglowwhenthecapacitorfully
gets charged.
getscharged.
2) thebulbglowsduringchargingofthe
capacitor.
capacitor.
3)thebulbwillnotglowatall
4) thebulbglowsintermittentlyduetotothe
the bulb glows intermittently due to to the
charginganddischargingofthecapacitor.
Bulbglowsonlywhencurrentflowsthrough
the circuit In the given circuit current flows
thecircuit.Inthegivencircuit,currentflows
duringcharginganddischargingofthe
capacitor When the switch S is closed the
capacitor.WhentheswitchSisclosed,the
processischarging

Hencetheansweris(2)=thebulbglows
d i
duringchargingofthecapacitor
h i f th it
27.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue
attheresonantfrequencyofaseriesLCRcircuit.

1) inductivereactance=capacitivereactance
2) resonantfrequencyisindependentof
resistance
3) currentinthecircuitisminimum
4) impedanceispurelyresistiveinnature.
impedance is purely resistive in nature

A
Answeris(3)
i (3)
26.Theinductanceofacoilis5H.Whatisits
effectivereactanceindccircuit?
1)02)infinity

3)5 4)0.2

ForDC,frequency
, q y =0
but XL =2L = 0
Answer is (1)
28.Powerinanaccircuitdependson
28 Power in an ac circuit depends on
(A)rmsvalueofvoltage
(B) rms value of current
(B)rmsvalueofcurrent
(C)phasedifferencebetweenvoltageand
current
current
1)OnlyAiscorrect
2)OnlyBiscorrect
3)BothA&Barecorrect
4)AllA,B&Carecorrect
PowerinanaccircuitP=(VrmsIrms cos)

Answeris(4)
29.Whichofthefallowinghasthedimensionof
29 Whi h f h f ll i h h di i f
resistanceR(isthefrequencyofAC)
1)C2)=2L

3)C/ 4)L/

[R]=[XL ]butXL =2L

[R]
[ R] =[L
[L ]
]
30. Forlongdistancetransmission,theACis
stepped up because transmission at high
steppedupbecausetransmissionathigh
voltageis
1) faster
1)faster2)economical
2) economical
3)notdamped4)notdangerous
TransmissionpowerlossP=I2R
As V increases I decreases P decreases So
AsVincreasesIdecreasesPdecreases. So
transmissionathighvoltageiseconomical.
Answer is (2)
Answeris(2)
TransmissionpowerlossP=I2R
AsVincreasesIdecreasesPdecreases
transmissionathighvoltageiseconomical.
Answeris(2)
 31.The transformer varies the output
31.Thetransformervariestheoutput

1)Energy2)Power

3)Frequency4)Current

Answeris(4)=current
 32.Thecoreofthetransformerislaminatedto

1)reduceeddycurrent

2)reduceselfinduction

3)increasetheefficiency

4)decrease the weight of the transformer

4)decreasetheweightofthetransformer
Answeris(1)
33 I
33.Ironcoredecreasesthelossofenergydueto
d h l f d

1)heating2)eddycurrents

3)fluxleakage4)hysteresis

Answer is (4)
Answeris(4)
 34. The AC cannot be used for
34.TheACcannotbeusedfor

1) heating
2) li h i
lighting
3) electrolysis
4) generatemechanicalenergy

Answeris(3)
35.Whatistheaveragevalueofacovera
complete cycle?
completecycle?

1)zero2)Io/2

3)2Io/ 4)2Io

Answeris(1)
36 The power factor varies between
36.Thepowerfactorvariesbetween
1)zeroto0.5

2)0.5to1

3)zeroto1

4)1and2
Ans ; PF = cos which varies from 0 & 1
Ans;PF=cos
37.HowdoesthecurrentinanRCcircuitvary
whenthechargeonthecapacitorbuildsup?

1)Itincreaseslinearly
2)Itincreasesexponentially
3)It decreases linearly
3)Itdecreaseslinearly
4)Itdecreasesexponentially

Answeris(4)
38 Th f
38.Thefrequencyofacis50Hz.Howmany
f i 50H H
times in one second does the voltage in the
timesinoneseconddoesthevoltageinthe
currentdoesbecomeszero?

1)25 2)50

3)100 4)150

Answer is (3)
Answeris(3)
39.Why220Vacismoredangerousthan220Vdc?

1)) Thedcattracts

2)Peakvoltageforacismuchlarger

3)Thebodyofferslessresistancetoac

4)Duetosomeotherreason

Answeris(2)
40.Whatisthenatureofgraphbetween
inductive reactance and frequency of ac for
inductivereactanceandfrequencyofacfor
seriesRCLcircuit?

1)Straightline2)Parabola

3)Hyperbola4)Bellshaped

Answeris(1)
XL =2LItisoftheformy=mx
=2L It is of the form y = mx whichisa
which is a
Straightlinepassingthroughtheorigion with
slopem=2L
Answeris(1)
41.Theimpedanceofa10microfaradcapacitor
h d f f d
for50rad/sacis

1)2
1)2 2) 20
2)20

3) 200
3)200 4) 2000
4)2000
TheimpedanceXc=1/C

= 1/ (50x10x1066)=2000
Xc =1/(50x10x10 ) =2000

Answer is (4)
Answeris(4)
42 A 1 0mH inductance a 10F capacitance and
42.A1.0mHinductancea10Fcapacitanceand
aacsource.Itisfoundthattheinductorandthe
capacitorshowequalresistances.Thereactance
shouldbenearestto

1)100 2)32

3)10 4)3.2
Thecircuitisinresonance.
h
But resonant frequency =1/LC
Butresonantfrequency 1/LC
=1/1x10-3X10x10-6 =104
XL = L= 104x10-3=10

Answeris(3)=10
43.InacircuitresistanceR,capacitanceC,and
inductance L are in series with a sinusoidal
inductanceLareinserieswithasinusoidal
powersource.IfthevoltageacrossR,CandL
are80V,10Vand70Vrespectively,thenthe
voltageacrossthesourceterminalswillbe

1)100V2)110V
3)140V
3)140V4)160V
4)160V
V2 =V
= VR2+(VC VLL )2

802 +(10
==80 70)2 =80
+ (1070) = 802 +60
+ 602 ==100
1002

V = 100V
V=100V
Answeris(1)=100V
44.Theinductanceofacoilis5H.Whatisits

effectivereactanceindccircuit?

1) 02)infinity
2)) 3)5
) 4)0.2
)

L=0xL=0Answeris(1)
XL = L 0xL 0 Answer is (1)
45.ForachokecoiltheresistanceisRand
reactanceisX.Whichofthefollowing
relations is valid?
relationsisvalid?
1)R X2)R=X

3)RX4)R X

Answer is (4)
Answeris(4)