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    1 Introduction To Vectors: Factorization: A LU - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . .

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    Qazi Kamal
    This document contains a table of contents for a book on linear algebra. The book is divided into 12 chapters covering topics such as vectors and matrices, solving systems of linear equations, vector spaces and subspaces, orthogonality, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, the singular value decomposition, linear transformations, complex vectors and matrices, and applications of linear algebra. It also includes chapters on numerical linear algebra and linear algebra concepts in probability and statistics.

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    1 Introduction To Vectors: Factorization: A LU - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . .

    Uploaded by

    Qazi Kamal
    52 views2 pages
    This document contains a table of contents for a book on linear algebra. The book is divided into 12 chapters covering topics such as vectors and matrices, solving systems of linear equations, vector spaces and subspaces, orthogonality, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, the singular value decomposition, linear transformations, complex vectors and matrices, and applications of linear algebra. It also includes chapters on numerical linear algebra and linear algebra concepts in probability and statistics.

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    Gilber Stang 5E content

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    Linearalgebra5 TOC

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    This document contains a table of contents for a book on linear algebra. The book is divided into 12 chapters covering topics such as vectors and matrices, solving systems of linear equations, vector spaces and subspaces, orthogonality, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, the singular value decomposition, linear transformations, complex vectors and matrices, and applications of linear algebra. It also includes chapters on numerical linear algebra and linear algebra concepts in probability and statistics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    52 views2 pages

    1 Introduction To Vectors: Factorization: A LU - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . .

    Uploaded by

    Qazi Kamal
    This document contains a table of contents for a book on linear algebra. The book is divided into 12 chapters covering topics such as vectors and matrices, solving systems of linear equations, vector spaces and subspaces, orthogonality, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, the singular value decomposition, linear transformations, complex vectors and matrices, and applications of linear algebra. It also includes chapters on numerical linear algebra and linear algebra concepts in probability and statistics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Table of Contents

    1 Introduction to Vectors 1
    1.1 Vectors and Linear Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
    1.2 Lengths and Dot Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
    1.3 Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

    2 Solving Linear Equations 31


    2.1 Vectors and Linear Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
    2.2 The Idea of Elimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
    2.3 Elimination Using Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
    2.4 Rules for Matrix Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
    2.5 Inverse Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
    2.6 Elimination = Factorization: A = LU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
    2.7 Transposes and Permutations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

    3 Vector Spaces and Subspaces 123


    3.1 Spaces of Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
    3.2 The Nullspace of A: Solving Ax = 0 and Rx = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . 135
    3.3 The Complete Solution to Ax = b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
    3.4 Independence, Basis and Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
    3.5 Dimensions of the Four Subspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

    4 Orthogonality 194
    4.1 Orthogonality of the Four Subspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
    4.2 Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
    4.3 Least Squares Approximations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
    4.4 Orthonormal Bases and Gram-Schmidt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

    5 Determinants 247
    5.1 The Properties of Determinants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
    5.2 Permutations and Cofactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
    5.3 Cramers Rule, Inverses, and Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

    iii
    iv Table of Contents

    6 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 288


    6.1 Introduction to Eigenvalues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
    6.2 Diagonalizing a Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
    6.3 Systems of Differential Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
    6.4 Symmetric Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
    6.5 Positive Definite Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

    7 The Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) 364


    7.1 Image Processing by Linear Algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
    7.2 Bases and Matrices in the SVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
    7.3 Principal Component Analysis (PCA by the SVD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
    7.4 The Geometry of the SVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392

    8 Linear Transformations 401


    8.1 The Idea of a Linear Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
    8.2 The Matrix of a Linear Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
    8.3 The Search for a Good Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

    9 Complex Vectors and Matrices 430


    9.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
    9.2 Hermitian and Unitary Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
    9.3 The Fast Fourier Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

    10 Applications 452
    10.1 Graphs and Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452
    10.2 Matrices in Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
    10.3 Markov Matrices, Population, and Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
    10.4 Linear Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
    10.5 Fourier Series: Linear Algebra for Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
    10.6 Computer Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
    10.7 Linear Algebra for Cryptography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502

    11 Numerical Linear Algebra 508


    11.1 Gaussian Elimination in Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
    11.2 Norms and Condition Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
    11.3 Iterative Methods and Preconditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524

    12 Linear Algebra in Probability & Statistics 535


    12.1 Mean, Variance, and Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
    12.2 Covariance Matrices and Joint Probabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546
    12.3 Multivariate Gaussian and Weighted Least Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . 555

    Matrix Factorizations 563

    Index 565

    Six Great Theorems / Linear Algebra in a Nutshell 574

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