Notes

English B

English GRAMMAR:-

English:-

Alphabets:-
Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd

Letter

Small Capital

Letter Letter

Words

Sentences

Paragraph

Part of Speech:-
1. Noun 4.Verb 7.Preposition

2. Pronoun 5.Adverb 8.conjunction

3. Adjective 6.Article 9.Interjunction

Noun:-

Definition:-
Noun

The name of person, place, and things are called noun.

1. Person:- girls, boy, Ayesha, Ali, mother, Soima, father, Aslam, teacher, Lubna,
doctor etc.
2. Place:- School, This, City, country, college, office, , Gulshan park, railway,
village etc.
3. Things:- pencil, pen, eraser, board, chair, desk, fan, knife, kite, doll, shampoo
etc.

Type of noun:-

1. Common noun 5.compound noun

2. Proper noun 6.collective noun

3. Abstract noun 7.countable noun

4. Concrete noun Material noun 8.uncountable noun

1. Common noun:-
Common noun

Example:-
Girl, boy, city, country, fan, school, board, book etc.

2.Proper noun:-
Proper noun
Example:-
Amina, Ali, Daska, Pakistan, Younas, Allied school, white board, English etc.

3. Abstract noun:-

Example:-
Happiness, bravery, cold, hate, love, badness etc.

4. Concrete noun:-
Concrete

Example:-
Pencil, glass, board, bad, bottle -:

Milk, water, oil, petrol, honey -:

Air, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen -:

5. Material noun:-

Example :-
Water, milk, wood, sound, plastic, glass, cement etc.

6. Collective noun:-

Example:-
Family, crowd, team, class, flock, bunch of flowers, army, staff, news etc.

7. Countable noun:-

Example:-
Pencil, book, banana, glass, eraser, pen etc.
8. Uncountable noun:-

Example:-
Water, star, sugar, salt, hair, sounds, milk, leaf, stem, root etc.

Pronoun:-
noun

Those words which are used in place of noun.

Example:-
He, She, It, They, Her, His, Their, You etc.

Type of pronoun:-
1. Personal pronoun. 4. Indefinitive pronoun

2. Reflexive pronoun 5.interrogative pronoun

3. Demonstrative pronoun 6.relative/emphatic pronoun

Table of pronoun:-

subjective Possessive/adjective Objective/accusative Reflexive/

First I My-mine me Myself
person We Our-ours Us
Second You Yours-yours you Yourself
person
Third He His-his him Himself
person She her-hers her Herself
 They Their-theirs them Themselves
It Its-its it Itself
On Ones-ones one oneself

1.Personal pronoun:-
exactly 3rd or 2nd ,1st

2.Indefinitive pronoun / Example:-

Anybody, anyone, anything, some, none, each etc.

3.Reflexive pronoun:-
self, selves /

Example:-
Himself, myself, itself, herself, themself, yourself etc.

4.Interrogative pronoun:-

Example:-
What, who, whose, whom, which etc.

5.Relative pronoun:-

Example:-
Who, whose, which, what etc.

6.Demonstrative pronoun:-

Example:
This, that, these, those, such etc.


Verb action +state

Those words which show action or state are called verb.

active/ five sensitive

Type of verb:-
i. Helping verb / linking verb / model verb
ii. Main verb.

Example:- state
He is a boy. I am a girl

He is a book. You are a player.

He was very young. This is a beautiful doll.

He has two eats

Linking verb:-
Action

He is walking

Linking verb / helping verb:-

Is, am, was, were has, have, had, may, might, will, would, shall, should, can,
could, ought, to etc.

Main verb:-
Sit sleep, speak, drink, jump, run, write, look, read, eat, play, weep, help,
busy, walk.

Note:-
:

ed

ed
1. Transitive verb:-
transitive verb object

Example:-

s v o

He eats apple

T.V

2. Intransitive verb:-
Intransitive object

Example:-
1. He sleeps

In. V

2. He runs

In. v

Table of verb:-
O 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Infinitive imperative Simple past Past participle Present
participle

To eat eat ate eaten Eating

To reach reach reached reached Reaching
To drink drink drank drunk Drinking
To teach teach taught taught Teaching
To write write wrote written Writing
To buy buy bought bought Buying
To go go went gone Going
To play play played played Playing
To climb climb climbed climbed Climbing
To work work worked worked Working
To use use used used Using
To act act acted acted Acting
To give give gave given Giving
To boil boil boiled boiled Boiling
To sing sing sang sung Singing
To do do did done Doing
To watch watch watched watched Watching
To live Live lived lived Living