Lambert v. Castillon
Lambert v. Castillon
Lambert v. Castillon
Heirs of Castillon
G.R. No. 160709
February 23, 2005
YNARES-SANTIAGO, J.:
FACTS:
The general rule is that drivers of vehicles who bumped the rear of another vehicle are presumed
negligent. But in this case Rey is an exception. Also applied here is the rule on contributory negligence
where the damages to be awarded are mitigated.
The incident started when Rey Castillon (Rey) went to his brother and borrowed the latter’s
motorcycle. He then invited his friend Sergio Labang (Labang) to roam around the city. Rey drove the
motorcycle without a protective helmet with Labang as backrider.
Around past 10 p.m. after eating supper at Hona’s restaurant and imbibing one or two bottles of
beer, Rey and Labang traversed the highway going back to his brother’s home at high speed. Upon
reaching Brgy. Santo Rosario, they were tailgating a Tamaraw jeepney owned by Nelen Lambert (Nelen)
and driven by Reynaldo Gamot (Gamot). When the jeepney was approaching the side road with Rey and
Labang following closely behind, Gamot slightly veered to the right causing Rey to instinctively veer to the
left. But at this moment Gamot suddenly turned sharply to the left towards the side of the road. Thus the
motorcycle sliced into the side of the jeepney throwing Rey forward so that his forehead hit the angle bar
on the left front door of the jeepney even as the motorcycle shot forward and the jeepney veered back
to the right and sped away. The incident resulted in the instantaneous death of Rey and injuries to Labang.
The heirs of Rey thus filed an action for damages against Helen the jeepney owner for the death
of Rey and damages to the motorcycle. After trial the lower court rendered judgment in favor of the heirs
of Rey finding that Helen’s driver was negligent and that such negligence was the proximate cause of the
damages for which Helen is liable. But the court reduced liability by 20 percent in view of the contributory
negligence of Rey.
ISSUE:
Whether Gamot was solely negligent for the incident that occurred.
HELD:
No, Rey was also negligent
Gamot’s Negligence - the abrupt and sudden left turn of Gamot without first establishing his right
of way, was the proximate cause of the mishap which claimed the life of Rey and injured Labang.
Proximate cause is that which, in the natural and continuous sequence, unbroken by any efficient,
intervening cause, produces the injury, and without which the result would not have occurred. The cause
of the collision is traceable to the negligent act of Gamot for without that sudden left turn executed
without precaution, the mishap in all probability would not have happened. Drivers of vehicles who bump
the rear of another vehicle are presumed to be the cause of the accident unless contradicted by other
evidence. In this case the said rule is contradicted by the sudden left turn made by Gamot which
proximately caused the collision.
Rey’s Negligence - The trial court is likewise correct in finding Rey guilty of contributory
negligence. But the ratio of apportionment of damages must be increased. It was established at the time
of the mishap that Rey (1) was driving the motorcycle at high speed; (2) was tailgating the jeepney; (3)
had imbibed one or two bottles of beer; and (4) was not wearing a protective helmet. These
circumstances, although not constituting the proximate cause of his demise and injury to Labang
contributed to the same result. Considering these circumstances, and pursuant to the ruling in the case
of Rakes v. A.G. & P, 7 Phil. 359, the heirs of Rey shall recover damages only up to 50 percent of the award
of P611,355 consisting of burial expenses, death indemnity, moral damages and loss of earning capacity.