CH 10

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CHAPTER - 10

Probability
izk f;drk
Points of Emphasis
la ; ks x %& ,d ,slk iz;ksx ftlds lHkh ifj.kke Kkr gS ysfdu ,d fo”ks’k ifj.kke fuf”pr ugha gSA
tSls %& tc ge ,d flDds dks mNkyrs gS rks gesa Kkr gS fd ifj.kke ;k rks “kh’kZ gksxk ;k iqPN ysfdu ;g fuf”pr ugha gksrk fd mij “kh’kZ
gksxk ;k iqPNA
izf rn”kZ lef’V%&
;n`PN;k iz;ksx ds lHkh ifj.kkeksa dk leqPp; izfrn”kZ lef’V ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
tSl s%& flDdk mNkyus dh izfrn”kZ lef’V S = {Head, Tail};k{”kh’kZ] iqPN}
ikWls ds yq<dus dh izfrn”kZ lef’V S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
2 flDds mNkyus dh izfrn”kZ lef’V S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
2 ikWls Qsadus dh izfrn”kZ lef’V S = {(1,1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2,1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6)
(3,1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3,5), (3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4,4), (4, 5), (4,6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5,5), (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6,6)
lelEekoh ifj.kke%&
,Sls iz;ksx ftuesa lHkh ifj.kkeksa dks leku volj gSA
tSl s%& vkn”kZ flDds dh ,d mNky esa mlds “kh’kZ ;k iqPN mij vkus dh nksuksa ?kVuk;sa leku :i ls ?kfVr gksrh gSA vFkkZr nksuksa lelEekoh
gSA
?kVuk%&
?kVuk izfrn”kZ lef’V dk ,d Hkkx gSA
tSls%& tc ,d ikWls dks Qsadrs gS rks S ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
bl iz;ksx esa fofHkUu ?kVukvkssa dks fuEu izdkj ifjHkkf’kr djsaxsaA
A = {6 dk vkuk } tSls A = {6}
B = {le Qyd dk vkuk} tSls B = {2, 4, 6}
C = {fo’ke Qyd dk vkuk} c = {1, 3, 5}
D = {vHkkT; Qyd dk vkuk} D = {2, 3, 5}
?kVuk;s

ijLij viothZ ?kVuk;sa vUrZo s” kh ?kVuk;sa vkfJr ?kVuk;sa LorU= ?kVuk;as

ijLij viothZ ?kVuk;sa%& nks ?kVuk;sa ftlesa dksbZ mHk;fu’B rRo u gks tSls mijksDr mnkgj.k esa B & C ikWlka Qsad esaA
vUrZo s” kh ?kVuk;sa%& nks ?kVuk;sa ftlesa de ls de ,d rRo mHkfu’B gkS tSls mijksDr mnkgj.k esa ?kVuk C & D ¼ikWlka Qsad esa½
vkfJr ?kVuk;sa%& ;fn nks ?kVuk;sa ftuesa okLro esa ,d ?kVuk nqljs ij fuHkZj gSA
tSls A = {ikWlka Qsad esa le Qyd dk mij vkuk}
B = {ikWlk Qsad esa 2 vad dk mij vkuk}
vc ?kVuk B gksxh ;fn A vflrRo esa gksxhA ;fn A ugha gksxh rks B Hkh ugha gksxhA vr% B dks A ij vkfJr ?kVuk dgsxsaA
LorU= ?kVuk;sa%& nks ,slh ?kVuk;sa ftuesa ,d dk ?kVuk nqljs ij fuHkZj ugha gSA
tSls A = {vuhl dk izFke Js.kh vkuk}
B = {vadjq }kjk izFke Js.kh vkuk}
n
izkfFkdrk%& xf.krh; :i esa ifjHkkf’kr djus ijA izkfFkdrk ,d ?kVuk gS tgkW , N dqy vkus okys ifj.kke gS vkSj n , A ds i{k esa gkus okyh ?kVuk
N
gSA
Sarwar Classes iz k f;drk 71

i{k esa laHkkfor ?kVuk n


tSls izkfFkdrk  
dqy laHko ?kVuk N

O n N
tSls 0  n  N   
N N N
 0  izkf; drk  1
* tgkW p = 0, ?kVuk vlaHko ?kVuk dgyk;sxhA
tSls & ikWlk Qsad esa 7 ikus dh izkf;drkA
* tgkW p = 1 ?kVuk fuf”pr ?kVuk dgyk;sxhA
tSls & ikWls Qasd esa 1 ls 6 rd vkus dh ?kVukA
mnkgj.k%& ,d vkn”kZ ikWlk ,d ckj Qsadk tkrk gS rks lela[;k ;k 3 vkus dh izkf;drk gksxhA
(a) 4/5 (b) 3/4
(c) 2/3 (d) dksbZ ugha
gy%& S  1,2,3,4,5,6  nS   6
?kVuk A= {3 ;k le la[;k}
 3,2, 4,6  n A  4 vr ‘c’ lgh fodYi gSA
4
P  A 
 2/3
6
mnkgj.k%& ,d tksMs ikWls Qsadus ij] dqy 9 izkIr djus dh izkf;drk gSA
(a) 7/36 (b) 1/4 (c) 1/9 (d) dksbZ ugha
gy%& izfrn”kZ lekf’V esa vo;oksa dh la[;k  6  6  36  nS 
laHkkfor i{k  3,6, 4,5, 5,4, 6,3  n A  4

n A  4 1
P  A    vr ‘c’ lgh fodYi gSA
ns  36 9
mnkgj.k%& ,d cSx esa 1 ls 20 rd vafdr fVdV gSA cSx ls 2 fVdV [khapus gSA [khaps x;s nksuksa fVdVksa ij vafdr la[;k;ksa ds vHkkT; gksus dh izkf;drk
gSA
(a) 17/95 (b) 12/95 (c) 14/95 (d) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
gy%& izfrn”kZ lef’V esa vo;oksa dh la[;k 20 19  nS 
1 ls 20 ds e/; vHkkT; 20 = 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
2 vHkkT; la[;k izkIr djus dh laHkkouk  8  7
87 14
P vHkkT; laH kkfor    vr ‘c’ lgh fodYi gSA
20  19 95

Objectives Assignements

1. fuEu dFku if<;saA


I: O  P A  1
II: ;fn P  A  0, rks ?kVuk laHko ugh gks ldrh
III: ;fn P  A  1, rks ?kVuk ?kVuk fuf”pr ugha gSSA
dkSu lk dFku lR; (S) gS@gSa
(a) I,II & III (b) dsoy II
(c) dsoy III (d) dsoy I & II
2. izfrn”kZ lef’V esa vo;oksa dh la[;k tc ,d gh le; esa 2 flDds mNkys tkrs gS vkSj ,d ikWlk Qsadk tkrk gSA
(a) 6 (b) 12
(c) 24 (d) 10
3. tc nks ikWls ,d lkFk Qsads tkrs gS rks ;ksx dk ,d la[;k vkus dh izf;drk gksxhA
1 17
(a) (b)
2 26
4 1
(c) (d)
9 3

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Sarwar Classes iz k f;drk 72

4. nks ikWls Qsads tkus ij muds ;ksx ds vHkkT; la[;k gksus dh izkf;drk gSA
5 17
(a) (b)
12 36
4 16
(c) (d)
15 36
5. 52 iRrksa dh ,d xM+Mh ls nks rk”k [khaps tkrs gS mlesa ls ,d rk”k dkys jax dk vkSj jktk gksus dh izkf;drk gksxhA
51 50
(a) (b)
663 663
101
(c) (d) dksbZ ugh
1326
2 3
6. la[;k 1] 2] 3] 4] 5 ¼fcuk nqgjk;s½] nks la[;k pquh gSA rks bu la[;k;ksa ds oxksZ ds ;ksx dks 5 ls foHkkftr gksus dh izkf;drk gSA (a) (b)
5 5
2
(c) (d) dksbZ ugha
3
7. ;fn p, q dk eku leqPp; {1, 2, 3} ls pquk tk, rks lehdj.k x 2  px  q  0, ds nksuksa ewy okLrfod gksus dh izkf;drk gSA

1 2
(a) (b)
3 3
(c) 1 (d) 0
8. ,d g¶rs esa lkr nq?kZVuk,W gksrh gSA lHkh ,d gh fnu esa gksus dh izkf;drkA
1 1
(a) (b)
7 76
6
(c) 0 (d)
7
9. fdlh pqus gq, o’kZ esa 53 lkseokj gksus dh izkf;drkA
1 2
(a) (b)
7 7
3 1
(c) (d)
7 365
10. vPNh rjg ls QsaVsa x, 52 rk”k ds iRrksa esa ls ,d rk”k [khapus ij mlds jktk gksus dh izkf;drkA
1 1
(a) (b) 13
52
2
(c) 13
(d) dksbZ ugha
11. ikWp vkneh ,d vkB ryh; Hkou dks fuEu ry ls fy¶V esa izos”k djrs gSA ;fn izR;sd ry ij mrjus dh izkf;drk leku o Lora= ekuh tk,A rks
ikWp vkneh ds foHkUu ryksa ij mrjus dh izkf;drk gksxhA
8 765 4
(a) 88888
(b) 58 / 88

7  6 5 4 3
(c) 7  7  7  7  7 (d) 1

12. ;fn a, b, c dk eku leqPp; {0, 1, 2, 3} ls cnyko ds lkFk pquk tk, rks ykbu ax + by + c = 0 ds x-axis ds yEcor gksus o y-axis ij yacor~
u gksus dh izkf;drkA
(a) 1 (b) 1/2
(c) 9/64 (d) dksbZ ugh
13. ;fn pkj vkn”kZ flDds mNkys tk,W rks nks Øekxr “kh’kZ ;k nks Øekxr iqPNu vkus dh izkf;drkA
1 1
(a) (b)
2 4
3 1
(c) (d)
8 8

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Sarwar Classes iz k f;drk 73

14. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, esa ls nks la[;k,a ;kn`PN :i ls cnyko ds lkFk pquus ij] muds xq.kuQy ds le gksus dh izkf;drkA
25 1
(a) (b)
81 2
56
(c) (d) 1
81
15. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ls nks vadksa dh la[;k cukus ij] la[;k ds le gksus dh izkf;drk gksxhA
2 4
(a) (b)
5 25
(c) 1/3 (d) dksbZ ugha

ANSWERS
1. d 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. a 7. a 8. b 9. a 10. b 11. a 12. c

13. d 14. c 15. a

LGF, Venus Tower, Opp. Jamia Urdu, Medical Road, Aligarh - 9897125588, 9997394458
Sarwar Classes iz k f;drk 74

Do you know
Mr. Anand Kumar Shrivastava,
former H.O.D. (Physics) of Brillient
Classes Delhi is now faculty of
SARWAR CLASSES
IIT|PMT

LGF, Venus Tower, Opp. Jamia Urdu, Medical Road, Aligarh - 9897125588, 9997394458

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