Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456 –2165

Implementation Floyd-Warshall Algorithm

for the Shortest Path of Garage
Yaya Sudarya Triana Indah Syahputri
yaya.sudarya@mercubuana.ac.id 41514010085@student.mercubuana.ac.id
Faculty of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science
Universitas Mercu Buana Universitas Mercu Buana
Jakarta, Indonesia Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract:-The high number of user vehicles means that push the vehicle until the driver finds the nearest location of
the needs of the garage will be higher.The garage is very garage. Usually, the driver will ask the people around the
necessary especially when vehicles experience problems area to get the nearest garage information, but the way it is
at a location unknown. Nowadays, we can use insurance ineffective and takes a long time and difficult to get accurate
for our vehicles but not everyone can have this solution. information.
This is because there are several conditions that must be
met before a person can have or become a policyholder. Actually, we can use insurance for our vehicles. By
So when a problem occurs, the driver needs another having vehicle insurance, when an incident occurs, such as a
alternative to overcome it. To overcome this, needed strike on a trip, you can contact the insurer to take your car
media information to help find the nearest garage to a partner's garage and you will get a replacement car
location. Application usingFloyd-Warshall algorithm for during the repair process. This definitely makes it easier for
the shortest path of the garage is one solution to solve you to stay active and drive.Although the government also
this problem. This application based on Android, appealed to the public to have and take advantage of the
equipped GPS systems and Google Map to make it easy benefits of insurance, not everyone can have this protection
to find the nearest garage location from the user product. This is because there are several conditions that
location. must be met before a person can have or become a
policyholder. So when a problem occurs, the driver needs
Keywords:Garage, GPS, Floyd-Warshall, Android, Google another alternative to overcome it.To overcome this, needed
Map API media information to help find the nearest garage location.

On the other hand, Technological advances are

I. INTRODUCTION something that can not be avoided in this life, because the
advancement of technology will go according to the
According to the catalog of the Central Bureau of progress of science. At first, the technology developed
Statistics Jakarta, the number of public transport operated by slowly. But along with the advancement of the level of
the company in 2015 based on its type, namely large buses culture and human civilization, the development of
as many as 2396 vehicles, buses were 3024 vehicles, small technology is growing rapidly.The more advanced the
buses 13690 vehicles while public vehicles tricycle around culture, the more developed the technology because the
14043 vehicles, taxis as much as 24368 vehicles, as many as technology is the development of advanced culture by leaps
44187 cars goods vehicles, buses as many as 5156 vehicles and bounds[1].
and as many as 3310 vehicles AKAP bus. On the other
hand, the number of motorcycle vehicles reached 13084372 In Indonesia, Android user statistics in 2014 dominate
vehicles. From these data it can be concluded that the the circulation of smartphones in the country with a market
vehicles in the city is not a bit with different types and share of 59.91%.This became one of the causes of
users[6]. developers in Indonesia to switch to develop android
applications that have dominated the smartphone
The high number of vehicles cause the damage that will market.Applications offered have the main function to meet
occur from the vehicle will be experienced by many drivers. the needs of users, including satisfying the desires of users,
Damages that may occur in vehicles such as leaking tires, making it easier for users to get up to date information andto
breaking chains or engine off as well as the need for engine find the location of the user's desired destination.
maintenance and repair. This causes the driver to require
service to the nearest garage if the vehicle has problems. With the development of the field of information and
Limited knowledge about the location when the vehicle is communication technology and the increasingly dominating
damage especially for the driver from out of town causing the android based smartphone devices expected to assist
the driver difficulty to find the nearest location of the drivers in finding the location of the garage when they are
garage, very difficult to obtain information fast and accurate, having problems in traveling. To find the nearest garage
in addition, the driver can not estimate how far to walk or

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

needs the technology of Global Positioning System (GPS) paths from i to k + 1 (which passes simpulsimpul 1 to k),
and Google Map API as a virtual map provider that runs on and the shortest path from k + 1 to j (also using
an operating system based on Android and displays the route simpulsimpul from 1 to k). Therefore, the formula for the
on the position of the driver to the garage location function shortestPath (i, j, k) can be written as a notation as
technology using Location Based Services(LBS). By follows :
obtaining more accurate information, the driver can easily
determine the shortest path to the location of the garage.
Moreover, to know where the nearest garage, distance
measurement methods are needed. The method used is
Floyd-Warshall algorithm. This algorithm can compare the
possible trajectories of the graph for each side of all the
nodes so as to facilitate the search for the shortest path to the
location of the garage.
The Decision Support System (DSS) is interactive,
computer-based systems and subsystems intended to help
Figure 2.1:- Shortest Path Function
decision makers in using communication technologies, data,
documents, knowledge and/or models to complete decision
This formula is the core of Floyd-Warshall
process tasks, explain in [8].
From the above, it is necessary to develop an application algorithm, this algorithm works by calculating
that determining the shortest path of garage based on shortestPath (i, j, 1) for all pairs (i, j), then the results will be
used to calculate shortestPath (i, j, 2) for all couples (i, j),
Android in kecamatan Kembangan, Jakarta Barat using
and so on. This process will continue until k = n and we
Floyd-Warshall algorithm.
have found the shortest path for all pairs (i, j) using the
vertices intermediary.
II. METHOD

A. Floyd-Warshall Algori thm B. Calculation Method of Floyd-Warshall Algorithm

In general the Floyd-Warshall algorithm is a variant of the
dynamic programming, a method which perform Let W0 is a Initial graph relations matrix.
troubleshooting by viewing the solution that would be W * is a matrix circuit at least.
obtained as an inter-related decisions. This means that the Wij * = the shortest path from point vi to point vj.
solutions formed from the solution coming from the The steps of Floyd-Warshall algorithm as follows:
previous stage and there is more than one possible solution. 1. 𝑊=𝑊0
(2.1)
The input of Floyd-Warshall algorithm is a matrix graph 2. For 𝑘=1 to 𝑛,
and output circuit is the shortest path from all points. In an For 𝑖=1 to 𝑛,
effort to find the shortest path algorithm iterations Warshall For 𝑗=1 to 𝑛,
start from the starting point and then extend the path by Do : If 𝑊𝑖,𝑗>𝑊𝑖,𝑘 +𝑊𝑘,𝑗 then
evaluating point by point until it reaches the destination Swap 𝑊𝑖,𝑗 with 𝑊𝑖,𝑘 + 𝑊𝑘,𝑗
point with the amount of weight to a minimum[4]. 3. 𝑊∗=𝑊
Floyd-Warshall algorithm compares all possible (2.2)
trajectories on the graph for each line of all points. Suppose Information:
that there exists a graph G with vertices V, each numbered W = matrix
from 1 to n (for n pieces). Suppose that there is also a W0 = Initial graph relations matrix
function shortest Path (i, j, k), which restores the possibility iteration k = 1 to n
of a shortest path from i to j by utilizing only the node 1 to k i = start point of vi
as an intermediary point. The ultimate purpose of use of this j = endpoint on vj
function is to find the shortest path from each vertex i to W* = results after comparison matrix
vertex j by an intermediary node 1 to k + 1.
C. The Flowchart of Floyd-Warshall algorithm
There are two possibilities occur:
Flowchart is a chart that shows the flow in the program
 The shortest path is actually just came from the nodes
or system procedures logically. Flow charts are used
that are between 1 and k.
primarily for communication aids and for
 There are some lines from the vertices i to k + 1, and
documentation[10].
also from k + 1 to j
Note that the shortest path from i to j which is just past The flowchart Floyd-Warshall algorithm can be seen in
the nodes 1 to k defined in function shortestPath (i, j, k) and Figure 2.2 below:
it is clear that if there is a solution from i to k + 1 to j, then
the length of the solution had been a the number of shortest

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

START Floyd -Warshall algorithm here to compare all the possible

trajectories of the graph for each side of all of the nodes.
This can occur because of the approximate decision
W = Line integrity (choosing the shortest path) at any stage between two
i,j,k = node point
vertices, until the estimate is known as the optimum value.
One example is from somewhere that was at the point D
Do iteration calculation K to n
where we had to pass through at least one point, a point
between B, C, and E, the network model shown in Figure
2.3 below :
Do calculation for each W(i,j)
until cell n

Wether No Choose
W(i,j) > W(i,k) + W(k,j) W(i,j)

Yes

Choose W(i,k) + W(k,j)

Save the selected distance Figure 2.3:- Path Implementation Sample On

Node

If we used a Floyd-Warshall algorithm then there are

Distance working stages of the algorithm, that is:
Looking for any node that can be passed to get to the
destination or D
END Summing up the value of edge on the edge node by node
to be traversed from the initial node to the destination node.
Figure 2.2:- Flowchart of Floyd-WarshallAlgorithm A-E-D = 30+15 km
A-B-E-D = 10+15+15 km
The process of determining the minimum floyd-warshall A-B-D = 10+15 km
algorithm can be written as follows: A-B-C-D = 10+15+15 km
A-C-D = 25+15 km
 In the 1st iteration, each matrix cell is checked whether
Finding the smallest value of the sum of edge on the
the distance between two starting points is greater than
nodes that can be traversed. Of the sum over the smallest
the sum of the distance from the origin to the
value that is obtained on line edge ABD with a total of 25
destination point (destination point = 1st iteration) with
km.[8]
the distance of the origin point (origin point = 1st
iteration) ) to the destination point. In other words, W [i,
j]> W [i, k] + W [k, j].
D. V-Model
The application development phase will use V-Model. V-
 If so, the distance between two starting points is Model is an extension of the Waterfall model. The V-Model
replaced by the sum of the distance from the origin to illustrates the relationship between quality assurance actions
the destination point (destination point = 1st iteration) against actions related to communication, modeling, and
with the origin point distance (origin point = 1st preliminary construction activities.
iteration) to the destination point (W [i, k ] + W [k, j]).
The V-Model moves from the left side. Once the
 If not, then the distance used is the distance between the finished code is generated it will move up the right side of
two starting points (W [i, j]). the V, basically performing a series of tests (quality
assurance actions) that validate each model created as it
 The iteration process is done up to the last iteration moves down from the left side. The stages of the V-Model
(number of iterations = total number of points). Figure are Requirements modeling, Architectural design,
3.4 shows the flowchart flow of minimum value Component design, Code generation, Unit testing,
determination on the floyd-warshall algorithm[2]. Integration testing, System testing, and Acceptance
A. Implementation of Floyd-Warshall Algorithm testing[9].

V-Model process model can be seen in Figure 2.4 below:

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

 Global Positioning System (GPS)

GPS is a satellite navigation system and positioning its

owned and managed by the United States. The system is
designed to give one's position and a lot of people on an
ongoing basis without depending on time and weather.
Currently GPS has been widely used around the world in
various fields of application that demands information about
the position, velocity, acceleration or time carefully. GPS
can provide positioning information with an accuracy varies
from a few millimeters up to tens of meters. With GPS we
can know our geographical position (latitude, longitude, and
height above sea level), so wherever we are on this earth, we
can know our exact position[11].

 Location Based Services (LBS)

LBS technology is one part of the implementation of

mobile Geographical Information System (GIS) were more
likely to show the city directory, vehicle navigation, search
addresses and social networking than functionality in GIS.
The technology used to locate the location device used.

LBS are two main elements:

Fig 2.4:- V Model  Location Manager (API Maps) Provide tool or a source
The stage of V-Model: for the LBS, Application Programming Interface (API).
 Requirements modeling: Analyze and collect all user Maps provide facilities for menampilakan, manipulate
needs. maps or maps with these types of features such as
satellite view, street, or a combination thereof. This
 Architectural design : Can also called high-level design, package is com.google.android.map.
where the system architecture is determined during this
phase. This phase provides an overview of solutions,  Location Provider (API Location) Provide a location
platforms, systems, products and services / processes. search technology used by the device. API Location
corresponding data and Global Positioning System
 Component design : Can also called low-level design (GPS) and real-time location data. API Location is the
where the system is divided into sections in order to android package that is in the package android.location.
facilitate the developers to write code. This phase is By Location Manager, we can determine our current
where the actual software components are designed. location, track movement or displacement, as well as
proximity to a specific location by detecting the
 Code generation : In this stage programming is done for displacement[3].
each module that has been formed.
 Google MAP Application Programming Interface
 Unit Testing : Unit testing will be performed on the (API)
code generation of the component design, which in this
phase tests each part of the system separately. An API is a documentation which shall be
composed of the interface, functions, classes, structures
and so on to build a device. With the API, then allows
 Integration Testing : Integration testing will be done on
the programmer to unload a software to then be
each component design where the component design
developed or integrated with other software. An API
will become a system architecture. In this phase test
can be regarded as an application interface with other
several parts of the system simultaneously to ensure the
applications that allows programmers to use the system
system can work and work together.
function.[5]
 System Testing : In this phase test the entire system that  Black Box Testing
has been built in accordance with the needs of users.
Black-box testing, also called behavioral testing,
 Acceptance Testing : Determining whether the built focuses on the functional requirements of the software.
system meets the demand and satisfies the user or not. That is, black-box testing techniques enable you to

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

derive sets of input conditions that will fully exercise  Category Display
all functional requirements for a program. Black-box On the category page there are various types of garage
testing is not an alternative to white-box techniques. options that users can choose based on categories.
Rather, it is a complementary approach that is likely to
uncover a different class of errors than whitebox Category Display can be seen in Figure 3.2 below:
methods.

Black-box testing attempts to find errors in the

following categories:

1. incorrect or missing functions

2. interface errors
3. errors in data structures or external database access
4. behavior or performance errors
5. initialization and termination errors

Unlike white-box testing, which is performed early in the

testing process, blackbox testing tends to be applied during
later stages of testing. Because black-box testing purposely
disregards control structure, attention is focused on the
information domain[9].

III. RESULT

A. Android Implementation

 Homepage Display

On the Home page in the header, there is the page name

and button for the help menu and the about menu. In this Figure 3.2:- Category Display
main menu, there is a page that displays the maps of all the
garage around the user and the starting point of the user's  Radius Display
location. There is a choice of motorcycle garage or car On the radius page there is a column to determine the radius
garage. There is a column to define the category of garage desired by the user.
and column to determine the desired radius. At the bottom, Radius Display can be seen in Figure 3.3 below:
there is a column of garage information and buttons to see
the route.

Homepage Display can be seen in Figure 3.1 below:

Figure 3.3:- Radius Display

Figure 3.1:- Homepage Display

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

 Motorcycle page Display

On the Motorcycle page, there is a page that displays the  Route Display
maps of all the motorcycle garage around the user and the On the route page there is information about the route
starting point of the user's location in accordance with the path to the nearest garage selected by the user.
category of garage and radius the user wants the application.
At the bottom, there is a column of motorcycle garage Route Display can be seen in Figure 3.6 below:
information and buttons to see the selected motorcycle
garage route.

Motorcycle Display can be seen in Figure 3.4 below:

Figure 3.4:- Motorcycle Display

 Car page Display

On the car page, there is a page that displays the
maps of all the car garage around the user and the Figure 3.6:- Route Display
starting point of the user's location in accordance
with the category of garage and radius the user wants  Analysis of Test Results
the application. At the bottom, there is a column of
car garage information and buttons to see the selected Testing method is implemented to ascertain
car garage route. whether the system is developed as expected. The
method used for this test is the Black-box testing
Car Display can be seen in Figure 3.5 below: method, which is a method that tests the software in
terms of its functionality without testing the design and
program code. Testing is intended to know the
functions, input and output of the application is in
accordance with the required specifications.

Figure 3.5 :- Car Display

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

The results of Black-box testing can be seen in Table 3.1 IV. CONCLUSION
below:
Based on the theory and discussion in the previous
Table 3.1 Test Result chapters that have been done, it can be concluded that has
been developed the application determining the shortest path
No Trials Expected results Test Result of the garage using Floyd-Warshall algorithm based android
which can display the shortest distance of the nearest garage
1 Login Home Display the Home corresponding location from the user position with the selected and radius
page page category by the user, displaying route and road information
to the location of the garage. In this application, utilization
2 Choose The selected garage corresponding of Google Map API as a virtual map provider has been
garage category is as successfully implemented. In determining the shortest path
category desired the nearest garage in the application has successfully applied
the distance measurement method using the Floyd-Warshall
3 Setting the Go to the radius corresponding algorithm dan for displaying the shortest path has been
radius page and the radius successfully able to determine the categorization and radius
data will be saved based on the selected of the user.
for calculation

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ISSN No:-2456 –2165

Kota Semarang. Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol. 8 No.

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