Slide 1 ___________________________________

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Intellectual property RIGHTS
___________________________________

Slide 2 ___________________________________
___________________________________
RA 8293 ___________________________________
___________________________________
 Intellectual Property ___________________________________
Office of the ___________________________________
Philippines or ___________________________________
IPOPHL
 Signed by Pres. Fidel
V. Ramos on June 6,
1997, took effect on
Jan. 1, 1998

Slide 3 ___________________________________
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ___________________________________
___________________________________
 a. Copyright and Related Rights; ___________________________________
 b. Trademarks and Service Marks; ___________________________________
 c. Geographic Indications; ___________________________________
___________________________________
 d. Industrial Designs;
 e. Patents;
 f. Layout-Designs (Topographies) of
Integrated Circuits; and
 g. Protection of Undisclosed Information
(n, TRIPS).
Slide 4 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Slide 5 ___________________________________
...PATENT ___________________________________
Items fall under four classes: ___________________________________
1. Machine; apparatus or device with interrelated parts ___________________________________
that work together to perform the inventions designed ___________________________________
or intended functions; ___________________________________
2. Manufacture: all manufactured or fabricated items, ___________________________________
3. Process: chemical, mechanical, electrical or other
process that produces a chemical or physical change
in the condition or character of an item, and
4. Composition of matter: chemical compounds or
mixtures having properties different from their
constituent ingredients.

Slide 6 ___________________________________
___________________________________
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8293 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
 An act prescribing the intellectual ___________________________________
property code and establishing the ___________________________________
intellectual property office, providing
for its powers and functions, and for
other purposes
Slide 7 ___________________________________
Chapter 1 ___________________________________
General Provisions ___________________________________
___________________________________
Section 20. Definition of Terms. ___________________________________
 “Bureau” means the Bureau of Patents ___________________________________
 “Director” means Director of Patents ___________________________________
 “Regulations” means the Rules of Practice in
Patent Cases formulated by the Director of
Patents and promulgated by the Director
General
 “Examiner” means the patent examiner

Slide 8 ___________________________________
___________________________________
….Definition of Terms ___________________________________
___________________________________
 “Patent Application” or “application” means ___________________________________
an application for a patent for an invention ___________________________________
except in Chapters XII and XIII, where ___________________________________
“application” means an application for a utility
model and an industrial design, respectively
 “Priority date” means the date of filing of the
foreign application for the same invention
referred to in Section 31 of this Act.

Slide 9 ___________________________________
___________________________________
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents
___________________________________
 SECTION 21. Patentable Inventions. —
___________________________________
Any technical solution of a problem in ___________________________________
any field of human activity which is new, ___________________________________
involves an inventive step and is ___________________________________
industrially applicable shall be
patentable. It may be, or may relate to, a
product, or process, or an improvement
of any of the foregoing.
Slide ___________________________________
10
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 22. Non-Patentable Inventions.
___________________________________
• Discoveries, scientific theories and ___________________________________
mathematical methods ___________________________________
• Schemes, methods for performance, and ___________________________________
programs for computers
• Plant varieties or animal breeds or
biological processes for production
• Aesthetic creations
• Anything contrary to public order or
morality

Slide ___________________________________
11 Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 23. Novelty. — An invention ___________________________________
shall not be considered new if it forms part ___________________________________
of a prior art. ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 24. Prior Art.
• Everything made available to the public
• Whole contents of an application
published in accordance with this Act with
an earlier filing or priority date.

Slide ___________________________________
12 ___________________________________
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents
___________________________________
___________________________________
Section 26. Inventive Step. An invention ___________________________________
involves an inventive step if it is not obvious to
___________________________________
a person skilled in the art at the time of the filing
___________________________________
date of the application claiming the invention.

Section 27. Industrial Applicability. – An

invention that can be produced and used in any
industry shall be industrially applicable.
Slide ___________________________________
13 Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 28. Right to a Patent. — The ___________________________________
right to a patent belongs to the inventor, his ___________________________________
heirs, or assigns. When two (2) or more ___________________________________
persons have jointly made an invention, the ___________________________________
right to a patent shall belong to them jointly.
 “Inventor" also means any person who, at
the filing date of application, had the right to
the patent.

Slide ___________________________________
14 Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 29. First to File Rule. — If two (2) ___________________________________
or more persons have made the invention ___________________________________
separately and independently of each other, ___________________________________
the right to the patent shall belong to the ___________________________________
person who filed an application for such
invention, or where two or more
applications are filed for the same
invention, to the applicant who has the
earliest filing date or, the earliest priority
date.

Slide ___________________________________
15
Ra 8293 Part ii: The Law on Patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 30. Inventions Created ___________________________________
Pursuant to a Commission. — ___________________________________
___________________________________
 The person who commissions the work ___________________________________
shall own the patent, unless otherwise
provided in the contract.
Slide ___________________________________
16 Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
 In case the employee made the invention in the ___________________________________
course of his employment contract, the patent ___________________________________
shall belong to: ___________________________________
 a. The employee, if the inventive activity is not ___________________________________
a part of his regular duties even if the employee ___________________________________
uses the time, facilities and materials of the
employer.
 b. The employer, if the invention is the result of
the performance of his regularly-assigned
duties, unless there is an agreement, express
or implied, to the contrary.

Slide ___________________________________
17
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 32. The Application. — ___________________________________
 The patent application shall be in Filipino or ___________________________________
English and shall contain the following: ___________________________________
 a. A request for the grant of a patent; ___________________________________
 b. A description of the invention;
 c. Drawings necessary for the understanding
of the invention;
 d. One or more claims; and
 e. An abstract.

Slide ___________________________________
18
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 54. Term of Patent. The term of ___________________________________
a patent shall be twenty (20) years from the ___________________________________
filing date of the application. ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 55. Annual Fees.
 To maintain the patent application or patent,
an annual fee shall be paid upon the
expiration of four (4) years from the date
the application was published and on each
subsequent anniversary of such date.
Slide ___________________________________
19 ___________________________________
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents
___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 71. Rights Conferred by Patent. ___________________________________
Product ___________________________________
 Rights to restrain, prohibit and prevent any ___________________________________
unauthorized person or entity from making,
using, offering for sale, selling or importing
that product

Slide ___________________________________
20 ___________________________________
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents
___________________________________
 SECTION 71. Rights Conferred by Patent.
___________________________________
Process ___________________________________
 Rights to restrain, prevent or prohibit any ___________________________________
unauthorized person or entity from using ___________________________________
the process, and from manufacturing,
dealing in, using, selling or offering for sale,
or importing any product obtained directly
or indirectly from such process.

Slide ___________________________________
21 ___________________________________
Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on patents
___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 72. Limitations of Patent Rights. ___________________________________
• Using a patented product put on the ___________________________________
market by the owner, or with express ___________________________________
consent
• Where the act is done privately and on a
non-commercial scale or for a non-
commercial purpose
Slide ___________________________________
22
Ra 8293 Part ii: The Law on Patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 72. Limitations of Patent Rights. ___________________________________
• Where the act consists of making or using ___________________________________
exclusively for the purpose of experiments ___________________________________
that relate to the subject matter of the ___________________________________
patented invention;
• Where the act consists of the preparation
for individual cases, in a pharmacy or by a
medical professional

Slide ___________________________________
23 Ra 8293 Part ii: The law on Patents ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 72. Limitations of Patent Rights. ___________________________________
 Where the invention is used in any ship, ___________________________________
vessel, aircraft, or land vehicle of any other ___________________________________
country entering the territory of the ___________________________________
Philippines temporarily or accidentally:
Provided, That such invention is used
exclusively for the needs of the ship, vessel,
aircraft, or land vehicle and not used for the
manufacturing of anything to be sold within
the Philippines.

Slide ___________________________________
24 ___________________________________
Section 76: Patent infringements
___________________________________
 The making, using, offering for sale, ___________________________________
selling, or importing a patented product ___________________________________
obtained directly or indirectly from a ___________________________________
patented process, or the use of a patented ___________________________________
process without the authorization of the
patentee constitutes patent infringement.
 The burden of proof lies with the patent
owner who claims that his patent is being
infringed.
Slide ___________________________________
25 ___________________________________
Patent Infringements
___________________________________
 However, if the subject matter of a patent is
___________________________________
a process for obtaining a product, any
___________________________________
identical product shall be presumed to
have been obtained through the use of the ___________________________________
patented process if the product is new or ___________________________________
there is a substantial likelihood that the
identical product was made by the process
and the owner of the patent has been
unable despite reasonable efforts, to
determine the process actually used.

Slide ___________________________________
___________________________________
…. Infringements
26
___________________________________
___________________________________
 Only civil or administrative action may ___________________________________
be filed against the infringer. However, if ___________________________________
there is a repetition of infringement, a ___________________________________
criminal action may already be filed
against the infringer

Slide ___________________________________
27 Patent Infringements ___________________________________
 The typical remedy options for infringement ___________________________________
___________________________________
are:
___________________________________
• temporary restraining order for a limited ___________________________________
period of 20 days; ___________________________________
• preliminary injunction while the case is
pending;
• permanent injunction during the term of the
patent; and
• an award of damages.
Slide ___________________________________
28 ___________________________________
…. Infringements ___________________________________
___________________________________
 Damages awards are calculated based on ___________________________________
the actual damages suffered by the patent ___________________________________
owner by reason of the infringement. ___________________________________

Slide ___________________________________
29 ___________________________________
UNIQUE TOOTHPASTE ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Slide ___________________________________
30 ___________________________________
UTILITY MODEL ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SEC. 109.1. An invention qualifies for ___________________________________
registration as a utility model if it is ___________________________________
new and industrially applicable. ___________________________________
 "Patentable Inventions", shall apply
except the reference to inventive step
as a condition of protection.
Slide ___________________________________
31
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SEC. 112. An industrial design is any
___________________________________
composition of lines or colors or any three-
___________________________________
dimensional form, whether or not associated
with lines or colors: Provided, That such
___________________________________
composition or form gives a special appearance ___________________________________
to and can serve as pattern for an industrial
product or handicraft.
 SEC. 118.1. The registration of an industrial
design shall be for a period of 5 years ….
 SEC 118.2. may be renewed for not more than 2
consecutive periods of 5 years each.

Slide ___________________________________
32 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Slide ___________________________________
34 ___________________________________
Polygons ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide ___________________________________
35 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Slide ___________________________________
36 Definitions. ___________________________________
___________________________________
 “Mark” means any visible sign capable of ___________________________________
distinguishing the goods (trademark) or ___________________________________
services (service mark) of an enterprise and
___________________________________
shall include a stamped or marked container of
___________________________________
goods.
 “Trade name” means the name or designation
identifying or distinguishing an enterprise.
 “Regulations” means the Rules of Practice in
Trademarks and Service marks formulated by
the Director of Trademarks and approved by
the Director General.

Slide ___________________________________
37 ___________________________________
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___________________________________
___________________________________
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Slide ___________________________________
38 ___________________________________
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Slide ___________________________________
39 ___________________________________
Trademarks not officially registered can ___________________________________
instead be marked with the trademark symbol ___________________________________
™, while unregistered service marks are marked ___________________________________
with the service mark symbol ℠. ___________________________________
The proper manner to display these symbols is ___________________________________
immediately following the mark, and is
commonly in superscript style but is not legally
required.

Slide ___________________________________
40 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
 The registered trademark symbol (®) is a ___________________________________
symbol that provides notice that the ___________________________________
preceding word or symbol is a trademark or ___________________________________
service mark that has been registered with a
national trademark office.
Slide ___________________________________
41 Ra 8293 part iii: THE LAW ON ___________________________________
TRADEMARKS, SERVICE MARKS ___________________________________
AND TRADE NAMES ___________________________________
___________________________________
 SECTION 145: A certificate of registration
___________________________________
shall remain in force for 10 years;
___________________________________
 SECTION 146.1: ….may be renewed for
periods of 10 years at its expiration.

Slide ___________________________________
42 RA 166 Section 21: Notice of Registration ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Any suit for infringement under this Act by a registrant failing

so to mark the goods bearing the registered trade-mark, no
damages shall be recovered under the provisions of this Act
unless the defendant has actual notice of the registration.

Slide ___________________________________
43 ___________________________________
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Slide ___________________________________
44 ___________________________________
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Slide ___________________________________
45 ___________________________________
Copyright Infringement
___________________________________
___________________________________
• the use of works protected by copyright ___________________________________
law without permission, infringing certain ___________________________________
exclusive rights granted to the copyright ___________________________________
holder, such as the right to reproduce,
distribute, display or perform the
protected work, or to make derivative
works.

Slide ___________________________________
46 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide ___________________________________
47 ___________________________________
Big Mak vs McDonald’s Big Mac
___________________________________
___________________________________
• Local licensee of McDonald’s Corp. ___________________________________
(McGeorge Food Industries Inc.) filed an ___________________________________
infringement law suit, complaining of unfair ___________________________________
competition against Big Mak Burger Inc.
• November 1990 decision of Makati court
decided in favor of McDonald’s, ordering Big
Mak to pay P600,000 in damages.

Slide ___________________________________
___________________________________
Big Mak
48
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Slide ___________________________________
49
McDonald’s Big Mac ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide ___________________________________
50
Big Mak vs McDonald’s Big Mac ___________________________________
___________________________________
• The Court of Appeals reversed the earlier ___________________________________
decision saying, “there is no sufficient evidence ___________________________________
to conclude unfair competition” ___________________________________
___________________________________
• The court ruled that Big Mak did not violate
copyright law even if it sounded like the
trademark hamburger “Big Mac”
• The corporate name was derived from the first
names of the defendant’s parents: Maxima and
Kimsoy

Slide ___________________________________
51 Big Mak vs McDonald’s Big Mac ___________________________________
___________________________________
• McDonald’s was instead ordered to pay P1.9 ___________________________________
million in damages, saying Big Mak lost ___________________________________
profits and incurred losses because it was ___________________________________
not able to implement its expansion program. ___________________________________
• The CoA also did not see any ill motive on
the part of Big Mak, further stressing: “We
believe that the buying public possesses
enough discernment nowadays to
differentiate one product from another.”

Slide ___________________________________
52 ___________________________________
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Slide ___________________________________
53 ___________________________________
Parody ___________________________________
___________________________________
COUNTERFEIT ___________________________________
___________________________________

Forgery Piracy ___________________________________

PLAGIARISM
Infringement
Slide ___________________________________
54 ___________________________________
• The term "piracy" has been used to refer to ___________________________________
the unauthorized copying, distribution and ___________________________________
___________________________________
selling of works in copyright.
___________________________________
___________________________________
• The term "freebooting" has been used to
describe the unauthorized re-hosting of
online media, particularly videos.

Slide ___________________________________
55 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
 In copyright law, infringement does not ___________________________________
refer to theft of physical objects that take ___________________________________
away the owner's possession, but an
instance where a person exercises one of
the exclusive rights of the copyright holder
without authorization.
Slide ___________________________________
56 ___________________________________
Plagiarism ___________________________________
___________________________________
• "wrongful appropriation" and "stealing and ___________________________________
publication" of another author's "language, ___________________________________
thoughts, ideas, or expressions" and the ___________________________________
representation of them as one's own
original work.
• Plagiarism is considered academic
dishonesty and a breach of journalistic
ethics.

Slide ___________________________________
57 Plagiarism is not in itself a crime, but can ___________________________________
constitute copyright infringement. ___________________________________
___________________________________
In academia and industry, it is a serious
___________________________________
ethical offense.
___________________________________
Plagiarism is not defined or punished by ___________________________________
law, but rather by institutions (including
professional associations, educational
institutions, and commercial entities, such
as publishing companies).

Slide ___________________________________
58 Forgery & Counterfeit ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Forgery is the process of making, adapting, ___________________________________
or imitating objects, statistics, or documents ___________________________________
with the intent to deceive for the sake of ___________________________________
altering the public perception, or to earn
profit by selling the forged item.
Slide ___________________________________
59 Forgery & Counterfeit ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
 Copies, studio replicas, and reproductions are
___________________________________
not considered forgeries, though they may later
___________________________________
become forgeries through knowing and wilful
misrepresentations. ___________________________________
 A sense of "to counterfeit" is already in the
Anglo-French verb forger, meaning "falsify".

Slide ___________________________________
60 ___________________________________
Parody ___________________________________
___________________________________
Also called a spoof, send-up, take-off, or ___________________________________
lampoon; ___________________________________
a work created to imitate, make fun of, or ___________________________________
comment on an original work—its subject,
author, style, or some other target—by
means of satiric or ironic imitation.

Slide ___________________________________
61 ___________________________________
Parody ___________________________________
___________________________________
 Parody may be found in art or culture, ___________________________________
including literature, music (although ___________________________________
"parody" in music has an earlier, somewhat ___________________________________
different meaning than for other art forms),
animation, gaming, and film.
Slide ___________________________________
62 ___________________________________
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70 ___________________________________
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Slide ___________________________________
71 CANARY FILMS ___________________________________
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Carolco pictures
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PINOY AKO – ORANGE & LEMONS ___________________________________
CHANDELIERS – THE CARE ___________________________________

LEAVING YOU – SESSION ROAD

GARMONBOZIA - SUPERDRAG