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IS 10585 (2002): Method of Test for Cylinders for Oil

Hydraulic Systems [PGD 16: Fluid Power]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

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1 IS 10585:2002

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Indian Standard
METHOD OF TEST FOR
CYLINDERS FOR OIL HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
(First Revision )

ICS 23.100.20

0 BIS 2002

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

March 2002 Price Group 2

Hydraulic Fluid Power Systems Sectional Committee, BP 15

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Hydraulic Fluid Power Systems Sectional Committee had been approved by the Basic and Production
Engineering Division Council.
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under pressure in an
enclosed circuit. One component of such systems is the hydraulic fluid power cylinder. This is a device that
converts power into linear mechanical force and motion. It consists of a movable element, that is a piston and
piston rod, operating within a cylindrical bore.
This standard was first published in 1983. This revision has been taken up to include cushioning test in line
with ISO 10100: 1990 ‘Hydraulic fluid power — Cylinders — Acceptance test’ issued by the International
Organization for Standardization (1S0). This revision also includes Amendment No. 1 to IS 10585:1983.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’, The number of significant places retained in the
rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
 IS 10585:2002

Indian Standard
METHOD OF TEST FOR
CYLINDERS FOR OIL HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
(First Revision )
1 SCOPE 4.3 The test fluid shall be as per manufacturer’s
recommendation. The proof pressure and static friction
This standard prescribes the method of test for
characteristics may be tested at ambient conditions.
evaluating the performance requirements of double
The internal leakage and endurance test shall be
acting cylinders used in oil hydraulic systems.
carried out at 50* 2°C of the test fluid in the case of
NOTE — While the variation in the standard refers to a aingle- mineral oil. In case of other fluids the temperature for
rod-crrdcd cylinder, the test procedure is applicable to double-rod-
test shall be as agreed to between the manufacturer
ended type also.
and the user.
2 REFERENCE 4.4 The requirement of filtration of the test fluid in
The following Indian Standard contains provisions the circuit shall be as per manufacturer’s
which through reference in this text, constitute recommendation.
provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, 4.5 The accuracy of measurement of pressure shall
the edition indicated was valid. The standard is subject be* 3 percent.
to revision and parties to agreements based on this
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility 5 TEST PROCEDURE
of applying the most recent edition of the standard
indicated below: 5.1 Proof Pressure Test

IS No. Title Keeping the piston at its mid-stroke and the rod
secured to a test fixture, each end of the piston shall
10416: 1992/ Fluid power systems and components in turn be pressurized gradually to 1.5 times the rated
1S0 5598:1985 vocabulary (firstrevision) pressure and held there at for a duration of 3 min.
3 DEFINITIONS The other port shall be vented during this period.

3.1 Rated Pressure Check for external leakage at ports, end weldments
‘O’ rings rod seal.
The qualified maximum operating pressure which is
NOTE — For routine inspection tests, the proof pressure test may
recommended for a component or a system by the
be limited to check cylinders as pressure vessels, on mutual
manufacturer. agreement between the manufacturer and the user. The cylinders
shall then be tested at end positions only without anchoring the
3.2 Proof Pressure rod.

Test pressure, in excess of the rated operating pressure, 5.2 Static Internal Leakage
which causes no permanent deformation, excessive
external leakage or other malfunction. 5.2.1 A cylinder which has successfully completed the
proof pressure test in accordance with 5.1 shall qualify
3.3 Static Friction (Packing Drag) for this test.
The breakaway force (pressure) required to move the 5.2.2 The test cylinder shall be stroked adequately prior
piston with all external forces (either mechanical or to test run to eliminate entrapped air and to establish
hydraulic) removed or in balance. the test temperature.
3.4 Other terms/definitions used shall be as per 5.2.3 The piston rod shall be positioned filly extended,
IS 10416. the rod end port shall be vented and the cap end port
shall be pressurized to the rated working pressure.
4 TEST CONDITIONS AND EQUIPMENT
5.2.4 The oil flow from the open port over a period of
4.1 Suitable test rigs shall be made to carry out the 3 rein, starting from 30 s after attaining the required
different tests specified in this standard. test pressure shall be measured and recorded.
4.2 The test cylinder shall be mounted as per 5.2.5 The pressure behind the piston shall be reduced
manufacturer’s recommendation. to 3 percent of the rated pressure and the measurement
1
IS 10585:2002

in accordance with 5.2.4 shall be repeated. NOTES

1 For strokes longer than 200 mm, the measurement shall be done
5.2.6 The port connections shall be interchanged and at mid-stroke also.
the tests in accordance with 5.2.3 to 5.2.5 shall be 2 Tbe measurement at the ends shall be outside the cushion
repeated with the piston rod fully retracted. region.
3 The cylinders shall be tested in a horizontal position.
NOTE — For strokes longer than 200 mm, the internal leakage
test shal I be carried out at mid-stroke also.
5.4 Cushioning Test
5.3 Static Friction/Packing Drag (Breakaway When the throttle screws or damping valves are closed
Pressure) on commencement of cushioning, the cylinder rod
5.3.1 A cylinder which has successfully passed the should show a marked deceleration before the end
proof pressure test in accordance with 5.1 and the static stroke is reached.
internal leakage test in accordance with 5.2 shall be
5.5 Endurance Test
used for this test.
5.5.1 A cylinder which has successfully passed the
5.3.2 The cylinder shall be connected to a pressure
proof pressure test shall be used for this test.
source and reciprocated in the test rig for a proper
run-in and ensure defined breakaway pressure. 5.5.2 The cylinder shall be subjected to an internal
leakage test in accordance with 5.2.
5.3.3 The piston rod shall be fully retracted and the
pressure source connected to the cap end port. The 5.5.3 The cylinder shall be mounted in an endurance
rod end port shall be vented. Two minutes after so test rig and cycled end to end excluding cushion region
positioning, the cap end shall be gradually pressurized at 130 percent of rated pressure. Another hydraulic
to initiate the piston rod movement. The breakaway cylinder connected in line can be used conveniently
pressure shall be recorded. for loading the test cylinder externally (Fig. 1). The
rate of pressure rise in the cylinder, the cycling rate
5.3.4 The piston rod shall be positioned fully extended.
and the total number of cycles shall be as agreed upon
The rod end port shall be connected to the pressure
between the manufacturer and the user.
source and the other port shall be vented. The
measurement in accordance with 5.3.3 shall be 5.5.4 External leakage shall be measured and recorded
repeated to obtain the breakaway pressure on the rod after the run-in test end subsequently at every 10000
end. cycles till completion of endurance test.

CYLINDER UNDER TEST LOAD CYLIND.ER

J
CAP END

CAP END
PRESSURE 4 IRELIEF VALVES
GAUGES I

II

II CHECK
‘ALVE
WCHECK ‘ALVE

u
RELIEF
f II - I)(I= VALVE ,
1#1
DIRECTIONAL L.J
VALVE
-- FILTER

RELIEF ‘- FILTER
-1
VALVE
--J
HEAT
HEAT PUMP EXCHANGER
PUMP EXCHANGER
@I I

&ARGING

FIG. 1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR ENDURANCE TEST

2
 IS 10585:2002

5.5.5 The cylinder shall be subjected to an internal be presented as the static friction characteristics of

I
leakage test in accordance with 5.2 at midway through the cylinder (see Table 1).
and at the end of endurance test.
6.4 The behaviour of the cylinder over the period of
NOTE — The test cylinder shall not be modified or repaired be- endurance test may be presented by plotting internal
fore or during the endurance test, Pin joints at mounting shall
and external leakage or rod leakage against the number
however be greased or oiled if necessary.
of cycles, along with the test conditions.
6 TEST RESULTS
7 CLASSIFICATION OF TESTS
5.1 The cylinder shall be considered as having
successfully passed the proof pressure test, if no 7.1 Routine Inspection Tests
evidence is recorded of any permanent deformation, Routine inspection tests shall constitute the modified
structural failure or external loss of fluid other than proof pressure test given in 5.1 and internal leakage
through vented port during the proof pressure test. test given in 5.2.
6.2 From the values measured in 5.2, the static internal
leakage shall be computed and presented in terms of 7.2 Type Tests
cubic centimetre/min (see Table 1). Type tests shall constitute all the tests specified at 5.1
to 5.5.
6.3 The break away pressure in either direction shall

Table 1 Proforma for Test Results

(Clauses 6.2 and 6.3)

Manufacturer:
Type No.:
Specifications of cylinde~
Test fluid:
Type:
Viscosity, m2/s(cSt):
Temperature, K(”C):

SI Test Measured Valve Remarks

, 0.
v or Observation

1. Proof pressure
Test pressure, bar (kgf/cm2)

2. Static friction, bar(kgf/cm2) orN (kgf)

Rod end
Cap end
Mid-stroke — Rod end
Mid-stroke — Cap end

3. Internal, leakage, cm3/min:

Rod end — Cylinder retracted
Cap end — Cylinder extended
Rod end — Mid-stroke
Cap end — Mid stroke
Test pressure, bar (kgflcmz)

4. Cushioning test
Test pressure, bar (kgflcmz)

5. Endurance test
Test pressure, bar (kgf/cm2)
Rate of pressure, bar/s(kgf/cm2/s)
Cycle rate/rein No. of cycles

Graphs : Internal leakage versus number of cycles.

Rod leakage versus number of cycles

3
Bureau of Indian Standards

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harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.

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Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments, Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Cacalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. BP 15 (0041)/PE 15 [0232).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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