BS 812-123 1999 PDF
BS 812-123 1999 PDF
BS 812-123 1999 PDF
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ICS 91.100.15 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS 812-123:1999
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Principle 1
5 Sampling 1
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
6 Apparatus 1
7 Materials 2
8 Preparation of aggregate test portions 6
9 Mix design 6
10 Temperature and humidity conditions 7
11 Preparation of test prisms 7
12 Storage and measurement 8
13 Calculation and expression of results 9
14 Test report 9
Annex A (informative) Procedure for checking the uniformity of the
temperature within the room or cabinet used for storing the test prisms at
(38 ± 2) 8C 10
Annex B (normative) Proforma for calculating batch masses 10
Annex C (informative) Precision 11
Bibliography 12
Figure 1 Ð Example of stainless steel reference stud 3
Figure 2 Ð Example of reference stud providing hemispherical bearing 3
Figure 3 Ð Example of length comparator 4
Figure 4 Ð Container to provide humid environment around concrete prism 5
Table 1 Ð Mix proportions by volume for cement and dry aggregates 6
Table 2 Ð Temperature and humidity requirements 7
Table B.1 Ð Proforma for calculating batch masses for a 7 l concrete mix from
volume proportions 10
Table C.1 Ð Precision of the determination of the expansion of concrete prisms 11
BSI 08-1999 i
BS 812-123:1999
Foreword
This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee
B/502. It specifies a method for the measurement of expansion of concrete produced
by alkali-silica reaction involving specific aggregate combinations, and is based on the
measurement of the length change of concrete prisms containing a high level of alkali
that are made from the aggregate under test.
| This test method was originally published as DD 218:1995, which is withdrawn.
Annex A is informative, annex B is normative and annex C is informative.
A British Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages
1 to 11, a blank page, an inside back cover and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed throughout this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
Sidelining in this document indicates the most recent changes by amendment.
ii BSI 08-1999
BS 812-123:1999
1 Scope 4 Principle
This British Standard specifies a method of measuring Concrete test prisms are prepared from the aggregate
the expansion of concrete produced by alkali-silica combination under test, and stored for a period
reaction involving specific combinations of aggregates. of 52 weeks in conditions which would promote any
The method is designed as an accelerated laboratory potential alkali-silica reaction. During this time
test for a specific combination of aggregates and is not measurements are made at intervals to determine
considered to be a performance test for concrete. whether any expansion has occurred.
NOTE Aggregates are usually tested in the same combination as In order to promote the development of any expansive
when they are actually used. When the aggregate combination to forces and to ensure that slowly reacting aggregates
are detected in the 52-week period, the test is
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BSI 08-1999 1
BS 812-123:1999
The reference studs shall be mounted inside the mould 6.10 Vibrating table, as specified in
before casting the prisms. The studs shall either have BS 1881-108:1983, 3.3.
smooth conical recesses into which a 6 mm ball may
be located, as shown in Figure 1, or shall provide 6.11 Containers, for maintaining a high relative
a 3 mm radius hemispherical bearing, as shown in humidity around the wrapped prisms during storage.
Figure 2. NOTE A suitable design of container is shown in Figure 4.
NOTE The use of stainless steel grade 316 S11, as specified in 6.12 Twill-weave cotton cloth, (240 ± 30) g/m2 dry, at
BS 970-1:1991, or a grade of similar quality, is recommended for least 10 mm wider, but not more than 20 mm wider,
the manufacture of reference studs.
than the length of the prisms.
6.7 Length comparator, incorporating a measuring
1) A reference cement with a certified alkali content can be obtained from Building Research Establishment, Garston, Watford, WD2 7JR.
2 BSI 08-1999
BS 812-123:1999
Dimensions in millimetres
90 ± 5º
Ø6
10
7
6 B.A. thread
Dimensions in millimetres
22
3
R
BSI 08-1999 3
BS 812-123:1999
Dimensions in millimetres
120
12
4 BSI 08-1999
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BSI 08-1999
Dimensions in millimetres
Measuring Insert
Section View
Prism wrapped in
damp cotton cloth
A and further double
wrapped in
polyethylene
Detail A
Clearance between prism
and plastic mesh not less
than 5 and not more than 20 Blotting paper held against
side of container by plastic
mesh
Measuring Insert
BS 812-123:1999
Water
(minimum depth 20)
Figure 4 Ð Container to provide humid environment around concrete prism
5
BS 812-123:1999
2) Suitable non-reactive, coarse and fine aggregates are available from Building Research Establishment, Garston, Watford, WD2 7JR.
6 BSI 08-1999
BS 812-123:1999
9.3 Adjustment of the alkali content of the mix NOTE 1 Acceptable methods of keeping a record are:
a) a calibrated temperature probe linked to a chart recorder;
9.3.1 Adjust the alkali content of the mix, prepared as
b) a calibrated temperature probe linked to a data logger or
specified in clause 11, by adding potassium sulfate to personal computer that records the maximum and minimum
the mixing water to produce a mix having the same temperature each day;
alkalinity as a mix prepared from a cement having an c) a calibrated maximum/minimum thermometer that is read
alkali content of (1.00 ± 0.05) % sodium oxide and re-set on at least three days a week.
equivalent. Calculate the mass of potassium sulfate NOTE 2 Temperatures outside the tolerance of ±2 8C are allowed
required from the formula: for no more than a 48 h period, providing the temperature
tolerance is not exceeded by more than ±4 8C. These variations to
1 2 s the procedure cannot be accepted more than four times during
M=C´ (1)
35. 56
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
a 52-week cycle.
where: 10.3 The temperature distribution of the room or
cabinet used for storing the test specimens at
M is the mass of potassium sulfate in grams (g), to (38 ± 2) 8C shall be verified at least once a year and
the nearest 0.01 g; after any major repair or replacement of heater
C is the cement content of the mix in grams (g); elements and/or thermostat. The room or cabinet shall
be filled with specimens to at least 50 % of capacity
s is the sodium oxide equivalent of the cement,
during the verification procedure.
expressed as a percentage.
NOTE A suitable procedure is given in annex A. Other
procedures may be used provided that it can be demonstrated that
9.3.2 Record the equivalent sodium oxide content of they give sufficiently accurate data.
the cement, and the mass of potassium sulfate added
to the mixing water per 100 g of cement.
11 Preparation of test prisms
10 Temperature and humidity conditions 11.1 Proportioning the concrete
Prepare the constituents in accordance with clause 9,
10.1 Use Table 2 to find the correct temperature and
using oven-dried aggregates. Calculate the batch
humidity of the laboratories and storage chambers
weights (see note) using the values for aggregate
used during the test.
relative density [oven-dried at (110 ± 5) 8C] and water
Table 2 Ð Temperature and humidity absorption determined in accordance with 8.5. If the
requirements relative density of the cement is not already known,
Stage Temperature Relative humidity
determine it by the method given in BS EN 196-6.
8C % NOTE For the preparation of four test prisms each
measuring 250 mm 3 75 mm 3 75 mm (see 11.3) a 7 l mix is
Mixing 20 ± 5 > 50 needed. A proforma for calculating the batch masses for a 7 l mix
First 24 h of storage is given in annex B.
in moulds 20 ± 2 > 90a 11.2 Mixing
Demoulding 20 ± 5 > 50
11.2.1 Add the required amount of potassium sulfate
The next 6 days after
to half the mixing water (see 9.3), ensuring that all the
demoulding 20 ± 2 > 96b
potassium sulfate is dissolved.
From 7 days age to
completion of test 38 ± 2 > 96b 11.2.2 Place the aggregates in the mixing pan, add
Length that half of the mixing water which does not contain
measurements 20 ± 2 > 50 the dissolved potassium sulfate, and mix the material
a To be achieved by the measures specified in 11.3. for 2 min. Allow the mix to stand for 8 min with the
b These values refer to the relative humidity immediately pan covered to minimize evaporation; then re-start the
around the prisms and may be achieved by the means specified mixer and add the cement gradually during the
in clause 12. next 30 s. Add the remainder of the mixing water
containing any dissolved potassium sulfate during the
10.2 Keep a record of the temperature at one point next 30 s and mix the concrete for a further 3 min.
within the room or cabinet used for storing the test
prisms at (38 ± 2) 8C. Use this record to set the 11.3 Casting
controls on the thermostat and heater so that, Cast four test prisms from each mix. Compact the
according to this record, the temperature varies within concrete into the moulds in two layers of
a range centred on 38 8C, i.e. so that the heater cuts in approximately equal depth, by the method specified in
when the temperature (in 8C) falls to (38 2 TA) and BS 1881-108 for compacting test cubes, using the
cuts out when the temperature (in 8C) rises to vibrating table.
(38 + TB). TA and TB are each no more than 2 8C, and
differ by no more than 0.5 8C.
BSI 08-1999 7
BS 812-123:1999
After compacting the concrete, smooth the surfaces of Take this as the reading for the prism, a0. Similarly,
the prisms with a trowel and immediately cover the determine the gauge readings b0, c0, and d0
prisms with flat, impervious sheets (e.g. thin rubber, respectively for the other three prisms.
polyethylene, or steel) making contact with the upper Calculate the difference between the readings a0 and
edges of the moulds. Place the covered moulds inside r0 and take this as the initial measurement A0 of the
a polyethylene bag containing (10 ± 1) ml of water, and first prism. Similarly calculate the initial measurements
close the end of the bag. Cure the bagged prisms for B0, C0, and D0 of the other three prisms.
(24 ± 0.5) h in a place free from vibration and in
conditions which will prevent loss of moisture, either: 12.4 For each prism, cut a piece of the cotton
a) in a moist curing room or cabinet with a relative cloth 640 mm long and 10 mm wider than the length of
8 BSI 08-1999
BS 812-123:1999
12.8 At the end of periods two weeks, four Also calculate the mean length change of the four
weeks, 13 weeks, 26 weeks, 39 weeks and 52 weeks prisms for each measurement age. For example,
after mixing (see notes), remove the prisms from their at 4 weeks age the mean percentage length change m4
containers and take comparator readings on the is given by:
reference rod and the four prisms by the procedures
given in 12.3. Re-bag and store the prisms as described ha4 + hb4 + hc4 + hd4
m4 = (3)
in 12.6. Record the readings r2, a2, etc. and r4, a4, etc. 4
for 2 weeks and 4 weeks respectively, and so on.
Calculate the corresponding measurements A2, B2, etc. where ha4, hb4, hc4 and hd4 are the percentage length
and A4, B4, etc. changes of the four prisms at 4 weeks age.
Record this mean length change to the nearest 0.005 %.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BSI 08-1999 9
BS 812-123:1999
Table B.1 Ð Proforma for calculating batch masses for a 7 l concrete mix from volume proportions
Material Volume of Volume Relative Batch masses for 7 l mix Water Absorbed water
material in for 7 l mix densitya absorption for 7 l mix
mix
% l G % g
Cement 22.2 1.554 Dc Mc = Dc 3 1 554
Aggregate: 22.0 1.540 D20 M20 = D20 3 1 540 A20 M20 3 A20
20 mm to10 mm W20 =
100
(nominal)
Aggregate: 16.5 1.155 D10 M10 = D10 3 1 155 A10 M10 3 A10
10 mm to 5 mm W10 =
100
(nominal)
Aggregate: 16.5 1.155 Ds Ms = Ds 3 1 155 As Ms 3 As
fine Ws =
100
Free water 22.8 1.596 1 596
Total absorbed W20 + W10 + Ws
water
Total added water 1 596 + W20 + W10 + Ws
Key
Dc is the density of the cement (g/cm3), determined in accordance with BS EN 196-6:1992;
D20 is the relative density on an oven-dry basis of 20 mm to 10 mm aggregate, determined in accordance with BS 812-2:1995;
D10 is the relative density on an oven-dry basis of 10 mm to 5 mm aggregate, determined in accordance with BS 812-2:1995;
Ds is the relative density on an oven-dry basis of fine aggregate, determined in accordance with BS 812-2:1995;
Mc is the total batch weight for the cement (g);
M20 is the total batch weight for 20 mm to10 mm aggregate (g);
M10 is the total batch weight for 10 mm to 5 mm aggregate (g);
Ms is the total batch weight for fine aggregate (g);
A20 is the percentage water absorption on a mass basis of 20 mm to 10 mm aggregate;
A10 is the percentage water absorption on a mass basis of 10 mm to 5 mm aggregate;
As is the percentage water absorption on a mass basis of fine aggregate;
W20 is the mass of absorbed water for 20 mm to 10 mm aggregate (g);
W10 is the mass of absorbed water for 10 mm to 5 mm aggregate (g);
Ws is the mass of absorbed water for fine aggregate (g).
a The density value used for cement is the particle density (g/cm3).
10 BSI 08-1999
BS 812-123:1999
Annex C (informative) C.2 The data for aggregate combination Z from two
laboratories contained outliers which were excluded
Precision from the calculation of repeatability and
C.1 The precision data given in Table C.1 were reproducibility.
determined from an experiment conducted C.3 The repeatability limits r0 and r1 (as defined in
in 1991 to 1992, involving 12 laboratories. Each Table C.1) which are to apply to expansion
laboratory was provided with two laboratory samples measurements (%) at ages earlier than 52 weeks may
of each aggregate fraction, and made two concrete be calculated from the following equations:
batches using each laboratory sample, and two prisms
from each concrete batch (i.e. they tested eight prisms
r0 = 0.40 E
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BSI 08-1999 11
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
blank
BS 812-123:1999
Bibliography
Standards publications
BS 970-1:1991, Specification for wrought steels for mechanical and allied engineering purposes Ð
Part 1: General inspection and testing procedures and specific requirements for carbon, carbon manganese,
alloy and stainless steels.
BS 5497-1, Precision of test methods Ð Part 1: Guide for the determination of repeatability and
reproducibility for a standard test method by inter-laboratory tests.
Other documents
[1] BRITISH CEMENT ASSOCIATION. The Diagnosis of Alkali-Silica Reaction. British Cement Association
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, none, 17-Nov-00, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
Publication 45.042, 1992. (Publication available from the British Cement Association, Century House, Telford
Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshire RG11 6YS.)
BSI 08-1999
BS 812-123:1999 |
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