Rizal Technological University

RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter includes the introduction, statement of the problem, hypothesis,

scope and delimitation, conceptual framework, significance of the study and the definition
of terms used.
Introduction
From the time that the world starts, water is very important in human lives, plants
and animals, because water is one of the primary needs of all the living things on earth
to survive. As time goes by and the number of people grows rapidly, many people are
getting a lot of different diseases because of bacteria causing by unclean water. But as
the years rolled by, because of people are getting diseases from drinking unfiltered water,
people makes study on how to create and produce clean water that can be used by many
people to drink filtered water and avoid from getting diseases because of drinking water
that is not filtered.
In this study, the researchers hope to develop and help the society from getting
diseases because of drinking unfiltered water. There’s a lot of water-borne diseases that
can get through contaminated water like Polio, Malaria, Cholera, Dengue, Scabies,
Typhoid, Botulism, Hepatitis, Diarrhea, Lead poisoning, Japanese encephalitis and etc.
that can lead to death.
According to Thomas C. Weiss (2015), waterborne diseases are caused by
pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh
water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of
food, or the consumption of food thus infected. Various forms of waterborne diarrheal
disease probably are the most prominent examples, and affect mainly children in
developing countries; according to the World Health Organization, such diseases account
for an estimated 4.1% of the total DALY global burden of disease, and cause about 1.8
million human deaths annually.
Statement of the problem
The study focused on how the handy water filter tumbler works using coconut
charcoal and the effect to the people in the society like students, teachers, parents and
etc.
Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:
1.) How does tumbler charcoal can filter water?
2.) How safe is the water filtered from the tumbler?
3.) What are the advantages and disadvantages of tumbler charcoal?

Conceptual Framework
First Drainer – to control the pressure of water to avoid the cloth to be crumpled.
Clean Cloth – the first layer of filtration of water.
Second Drainer – to avoid the cloth to touch the charcoal.
Charcoal – the most important layer of the filtration and it helps to clean and clear the
water.
Third Drainer – to avoid the charcoal to fall and mix to the water.
Funnel Shaped – it helps the water to easily flow down inside the tumbler.
Significance of the Study
The results of the study will be beneficial to the following:
To students. This study can help the students to be safe from water borne diseases that
they can get in their school faucets.
To teachers. This research can help the teachers to inform their students and to avoid
getting water borne diseases in dirty faucets.
To parents. This research can help the parents to secure and protect their children from
water borne diseases.
To future researchers. This research will help the future researchers to get additional
information about water filter that uses coconut charcoal. They may also use this research
as reference that connected in their studies that will support their research.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
This research is focused only on how the water filtration works and it will also focus
on the effect of this research to the people in the society who will use the coconut charcoal
filtered water tumbler. One of the scope of this research are the references that are
gathered by the researches to present their study.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234060484_Performance_of_activated_
carbon_in_water_filters
http://www.mnkjournals.com/ijlrst_files/Download/Vol%204%20Issue%205/1-26-
20062015%20Water%20Analysis%20Using%20Activated%20Carbon%20From%20
Coconut%20Shell.pdf
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f8fd/05d9951e3d34725db0c23e411b09e0cc43f3.p
df
http://www.feng.unimas.my/JCEST/images/article/volume4issue32013/papper3en
crypted.pdf
https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/15103/4/Effects%20of%20coc
onut%20granular%20activated%20carbon%20pretreatment%20on%20membrane
%20filtration%20in%20a%20gravitational%20driven%20process%20to%20improv
e%20drinking%20water%20quality.pdf.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/1313/1/MUHAMED_FALIQ_ALIF_BIN_AZHARI.P
DF
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284041416_Low-
Tech_Coconut_Shell_Activated_Charcoal_Production
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ba8f/73d0b9f437e05ecb5a1645dc41f5f3bfa187.p
df
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f8fd/05d9951e3d34725db0c23e411b09e0cc43f3.p
df

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RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter includes the introduction, statement of the problem, hypothesis,

that is not filtered.

that can lead to death.

According to Thomas C. Weiss (2015), waterborne diseases are caused by

pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh

million human deaths annually.

Statement of the problem

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1.) How does tumbler charcoal can filter water?

2.) How safe is the water filtered from the tumbler?

3.) What are the advantages and disadvantages of tumbler charcoal?

Clean Cloth – the first layer of filtration of water.

Second Drainer – to avoid the cloth to touch the charcoal.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be beneficial to the following:

they can get in their school faucets.

getting water borne diseases in dirty faucets.

water borne diseases.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

gathered by the researches to present their study.

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