ELECTROMAGNETICS ASSIGNMENT EC

5.TIME VARYING FIELDS & ELECTRO-MAGNETIC WAVES

1. Maxwell’s Fourth Equation for Time Harmonic Fields with  frequency can be written as ,
i)  X H =( + j) E / ii)  X H =( + j) D / iii)  X H =( + j) D iv)  X H =( + j) E
where the term is called as Relaxation time.
2. Which of the following functions are Harmonic in Nature ?
i) 50 sin(2t -450) ii) 100 cos(4x).sin(4/t) iii) 20.sin2(5t -2x) iv) 4 + 4cos(90t -200)
3. An EM wave travels in a certain lossy material whose Loss tangent is 0.01 . If the frequency is 300 MHz
and the material has R = 4 and µR =1. The wavelength of the wave is……………
4. The Vector potential of a Magnetic Field is A = 10 sin(200t -5z)ax Weber /m,
The voltage induced in a loop of 1 m2 area in the plane
i) Z = 0 , -2<X<2, and -2<Y<2 ii) Y = 0, -2<X<2, -2<Z <2 iii) X = 2 , 0<Y<2, 0<Z<2
5. An EM travels in a lossless medium having H = 0.3 cos(wt + 5z) ay Amps /m, If the EM wave power
density associated with this wave is 1.8 Watts /m2. The Frequency in Hz is…………..
6. Pick up the right statements and list out the reason for the wrong statement.
I) X rays have more power density than Light when both have equal amplitudes of E.
ii) X rays are more harmful to Humans, when exposed to light and X rays, with equal amplitudes of E.
iii) X rays and light have equal penetration into human body when exposed by rays of equal E.
iv) X rays are used in non destructive testing of industrial materials due to higher penetration abilities.
v) Ohmic Power produced by a EM wave is independent of frequency of the wave.
vi) Solar cells and Microwave Ovens work on the principle of Ohmic power generated by EM waves.
7. The Polarization of the planar EM wave whose harmonic Field is H = 50 

I ) Linear ii) Elliptical iii) Circular iv) Undefined as E is not known.

8. The E field vector if a medium is E = 4 sin (2 X 107 t – 0.8X ) az, V/m .
If the medium has µ = µ0 , which of the following statements are TRUE ?
i) The wave is travelling in Free Space ii) The wave is lossless and travelling in ideal conductor.
iii) The wave has velocity 0.78 X 108 m/s iv) The power density is 21 Watts /m2
9. Surface Impedance of any material for an EM wave can be defined as…….
i) The ratio of the Tangential component of E to the Current density J in the Material.
ii) The ratio of the Tangential component of E to the Surface Current K on the Material.
iii) The ratio of the Total E to the Total Current I in the Material.
iv) The ratio of the Tangential component of E to the total Current I in the Material.
10. When an EM wave is incident from air to dielectric …..
I ) The E Field vector has a phase reversal of 180 and the H vector is unaffected in phase.
II ) The E Field vector has no phase change but H has 180 phase shift.
iii) Both E and H fields have phase shift of 180. iv) None of them have phase reversals.

GATE / IES /PSU VSR SURESH 2017 -2018

 ELECTROMAGNETICS ASSIGNMENT EC
11. Given an EM wave in a lossy material having frequency of 15 GHz, whose E and H Fields are,
E = 25 sin(wt -4z ) ax, H = 1.2 sin(wt -4z +350) ay, Its intrinsic Impedance is… , if it has µ= µ0, =40.
12.If the skin depth of a certain medium is independent of frequency,
i) The medium is a good conductor with a very large loss tangent.
ii) The medium is a good dielectric with a very large loss tangent.
iii) The medium is a good conductor with small loss tangent.
iv)The medium is a good dielectric with a very small loss tangent.

13. A medium has a loss tangent of 2 , whose E = 50 ay , If the medium is non

magnetic and R =1, The frequency, wavelength of the wave in the material are …….
14. Which of the following materials has the smallest and largest Intrinsic Impedance numerically?
i) Free Space ii ) Magnetic material with µR = 8 ,  =0 and R =1
iii) Dielectric material with µR = 1 ,  =0 and R =8 iv) Material with loss tangent 20 , µR = R =1
v) Lossy dielectric with  =0.02, µR = 4 and R =8 vi) Frequency is needed for calculation.
15. The Polarization of the EM wave whose E = 22 sin (wt -2y + 4z) (2ay + az) V/m when incident on the
Z = 0 plane is called as ……………….
i) Surface Polarized ii) Plane of Incidence polarized iii) Its normal incidence and both
the polarizations are same iv) Data Insufficient to identify polarization.
16. An EM wave has an amplitude of 5 V/m enters a non magnetic conducting medium of  = 5 Mega
Siemens/ m having a frequency of 50 MHz . Calculate the total power lost in the conductor of cross
sectional area 5 m2, and thickness
i) 5 µm ii) 5 cm iii) 5m
17. An EM wave equation obeys a differential equation as shown below,


Which of the following statements are TRUE ?
i) The Wave is Polarized in Y and Propagating in ZX plane
ii) The Wave is Polarized in ZX plane and Propagating in Y direction.
iii) The Wave is Polarized in Y and Propagating in Y direction.
iv) The Wave is Polarized in ZX plane and Propagating in ZX direction.
18. The value of total attenuation in amplitude of E of an EM wave when it has travelled 1/ distance is….
i) 1 Nepers, 1 dB ii ) 8.6 Nepers, 1 dB iii) 1 Neper, 8.6dB iv) None of these
Hint : Attenuation as a Ratio = Input Amplitude / Output Amplitude
Attenuation in Nepers = (Input Amplitude / Output Amplitude)
Attenuation in dB = 20 (Input Amplitude / Output Amplitude)

GATE / IES /PSU VSR SURESH 2017 -2018

 ELECTROMAGNETICS ASSIGNMENT EC
6. TRANSMISSION LINES
–
1. Prove that Reflection Coefficient for the voltage anywhere on the line is (x) =

2. A lossless dielectric has a thick coating of a second dielectric to avoid reflections at its boundary . It is
placed in air as shown below. Calculate the thickness of the coating material , its dielectric constant , if
the wave travels from the material to air having a frequency of 2.5 GHz.

3. A short circuit or open circuit line of  /4 and  /2 lengths, behaves as resonant circuits . Justify the
statement discussing as series or shunt resonant circuits in each case.
4. The expression for phase velocity in a distortion-less line is ……….

I) II) iii) L iv) C

5. Which of the following is not a valid expression for attenuation constant of a distortion less line

I)  = II)  = R. iii)  = R. iv)  = G.

6. Repeaters are placed along a telephone line , for a distance D corresponding to a voltage drop of 2.5
dB below the source level. The total attenuation on the line of 25 km is 25 dB. Calculate the repeater
placement distance D.
7. The movement on a Smith Chart in a concentric circle with the R =0 circle results in
I) Constant R value of the Impedance II) Constant X value of the Impedance
III) Constant |Z |value of the IV) Constant | | of the Line
8. The Phase of the reflection Coefficient is………… . Given ZL = R + jX , with R > R0, X > R0, where R0 is the
characteristic impedance of the line.
i) 0 to 900 ii) 900 to 1800 III) 1800 to 2700 IV) 2700 to 3600
9. Two lines are connected below to have an input impedance of 200 , Calculate the changed value of
the Input Impedance when added with a third line as shown below.

10. A transmission Line of 50 is terminated in a load of j20  Impedance, Which of the following
statements are TRUE ?
i) The Line is mismatched with reflection coefficient of magnitude equal to 1 and phase more than 900
ii) The Line is mismatched with reflection coefficient of magnitude equal to 1 and phase less than 900
iii) The Line is mismatched with reflection coefficient magnitude less than 1 and phase less than 900
iii) The Line is mismatched with reflection coefficient magnitude less than 1 and phase more than 900
GATE / IES /PSU VSR SURESH 2017 -2018
 ELECTROMAGNETICS ASSIGNMENT EC
11. Calculate the length of the short circuit Stub required to be placed at a point on the line of 50 ,
where the impedance is ( 50 – j25 ) . The line operates at a frequency of 10GHz in free space.
12. Which of the following equations correctly define the current on short circuited line ?

i) I(x) = IL Cosh( x) ii) I(x) = IL Sinh( x) iii) I(x) = IL iv) Undefined.
13. A quarter wave transformer is used to match a line and resistive load. The frequency is unaffected and
a dielectric is introduced into the matching device. The impedance matching is…
i) Unaffected at the Load and Line.
ii) Unaffected at load but effected on the line.
iii) Effected at the load but unaffected on the line.
iv) Effected at the load and also on the line.
14. A mismatched line has an operating frequency of 2 GHz . The standing waves have the first minima at
7.5 cm from the load. The nature of the load is ….
i) Resistive and less than characteristic impedance
i) Resistive and greater than characteristic impedance
iii) Complex with Inductive Reactance.
iv ) Complex and Capacitive Reactance.
15. Repeat the analysis of Question 15, if the first minima is at 5 cm from the load.
16. Calculate the transmission delay on a coaxial lossless line of 200 m length and having air between the
conductors.
17. Plot the transient response graph of the voltage at the load for at least two cycles of transients.
Calculate the final steady state voltage at the load.

18. A transmission line has a 5030 , voltage source driving a resistive load of 100  over a characteristic
impedance of 20 . Calculate the steady state power dissipated in the load if…
i) The line is matched at the source. ii) The line is /2 long. iii) The line is /4 long.
19. If the reflection coefficient at the load has || = 0.7 , The reflection coefficient at the source is
i) Same Magnitude and Different phase for lossless and lossy lines.
ii) Same Magnitude and Same phase for lossless lines and Different phase for lossy lines.
iii) Same Magnitude and Different phase for lossless lines and Different Magnitude also for lossy lines.
iv) Different Magnitude and Different phase for lossless lines and Different Magnitude also for lossy lines.

GATE / IES /PSU VSR SURESH 2017 -2018

 ELECTROMAGNETICS ASSIGNMENT EC
KEY AND HINTS
5.TIME VARYING FIELDS & ELECTRO-MAGNETIC WAVES
1. iii ) 2. i) Only 3. The material is a dielectric,  = 0.5m
4.  X A = B ,
This operation gives B(Z ,t) directed in Y, Flux crosses to induce Voltage in Y =constant surface only.
5. R = 9 , f =250/ MHz.
6. i) False, Power depends only on Amplitude. ii) True, Penetration is very High , Internal Damage
iii) False, Penetration is frequency Dependent. iv) True v) True vi) True
7. i) Linear 8. iii ) 9. E drives a K , Surface Impedance is Ohms.
10. This case with 2 > 1, gives Reflection Coefficient for E fields negative. I) True
11. Loss tangent = tan700, Calculate  from the loss tangent.


12. iv) 13. Use the general formula of  =   

14. ii) Largest iv) Smallest 15. ii) E and Propagation in Same plane.
16. Initial Power – Final Power, with E0 5V/m as initial amplitude and E0  as Final Amplitude.
17. i) 18. iii)

6. TRANSMISSION LINES
1.  = , Further simplify to give the answer.

2. The /4 dielectric serves as a matching device to avoid reflections.

Its  =4, Its  = 6 cm . Its thickness is  /4 = 1.5 cm
3. Series Resonant Circuit – Zero Impedance and Shunt Resonant circuit – Infinite Impedance.
4. i) 5. iii) 6. 2.5 km 7. iv) 8. i)
9. 200  10. i) 11. iv) 12. Z0 tan( L) = ½ 13. i)
14. iv) 15. i) 16. 0.66 µSeconds 19) iii)

GATE / IES /PSU VSR SURESH 2017 -2018