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Bca Eurocodes Traffic Loading and Design Assumptions

This fact sheet from the Box Culvert Association details assumptions for designing box culverts according to Eurocodes, including: 1) Traffic load models and coefficients for different road categories; 2) Early age thermal cracking needs not be considered for precast segments less than 3m; 3) Fatigue verification is not required if clear span to depth is less than 18 or burial cover is over 1m; 4) Stability checks are not considered by manufacturers and are the responsibility of the project engineer.

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201 views2 pages

Bca Eurocodes Traffic Loading and Design Assumptions

This fact sheet from the Box Culvert Association details assumptions for designing box culverts according to Eurocodes, including: 1) Traffic load models and coefficients for different road categories; 2) Early age thermal cracking needs not be considered for precast segments less than 3m; 3) Fatigue verification is not required if clear span to depth is less than 18 or burial cover is over 1m; 4) Stability checks are not considered by manufacturers and are the responsibility of the project engineer.

Uploaded by

Freddie Koo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BCA FACTSHEET Box Culvert Association

The Old Rectory,


Main Street, Glenfield
Leicester
LE3 8DG

EUROCODES: TRAFFIC LOADING & DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS

Introduction

This fact sheet has been prepared by the Box Culvert Association (BCA) to detail the
assumptions made and used in the design of box culverts for compliance with Eurocodes. It is
primarily aimed at providing information on the Road Loading options available together with
some clarification on Durability requirements which have been adopted by the BCA as standard.
This fact sheet offers interim advice whilst the BCA Standard Specification is revised for
compliance with Eurocodes. This document is specific to precast segmental box culverts
supplied by BCA members.

Traffic Loads on Highway Structures

Road Category Traction


(HA Interim Advice Note Prior to March 2010 Eurocode loading and α
124/11) Braking

Motorways / Trunk Roads/ HA / 45 Units HB LM1-3


Yes 1.0
Principal Roads BS 5400-2 BS EN 1991-2

Other Public Roads / HA / 30 Units HB LM1-3


Yes 0.8
Estate Roads BS 5400-2 BS EN 1991-2

Category G 120kN axle


Light traffic / Field loading Field Loading
load (2 x 60kN wheels) No *
(3T-16T Vehicle) BCA Specification
BS EN 1991-1
*A α value of 0.4 in combination with LM1 can be considered equivalent

Application of Load Model 1 for General Verifications Cl 4.3.2 (1) (a)


BCA FACTSHEET Box Culvert Association
The Old Rectory,
Main Street, Glenfield
Leicester
LE3 8DG

Application of Load Model 2 (applied any location on carriageway)

Notes:

LM3 should be determined for the individual project in accordance with BS EN 1991-2 and NA
2.16 however it is generally not critical on short spans up to 5m.

Values of α correspond to classes of road traffic. For common applications EN 1991-2 Cl4.3.1
Note 2 permits a moderate reduction of α factors (10-20%)

Light traffic is consistent with ‘Field loading’ used by the BCA Standard Specification and
commonly used for Off Road applications.

‘General Effects ‘are considered for flexure and shear.

Early Age Thermal Cracking

Early thermal cracking need not be considered for precast segmental construction where the
segments are monolithic and of 3m length ( Lj )or less. Additionally it is not applicable to precast
concrete box culvert sections that are cast monolithically under strict quality controlled factory
conditions in unrestrained moulds.

Fatigue

Fatigue verification for road bridges (culverts considered as similar structures) is not
necessary where
· The clear span to overall depth ratio of the slab does not exceed 18
· Buried arch and frame structures have a cover depth of 1.00m for road and 1.50m for
railway bridges
Ref: BS EN 1992-2 Table NA.1 cl 6.8.1

Stability

Considerations of stability as regards overturning and sliding do not influence the design for
culvert strength and are not generally considered by BCA manufacturers. It is assumed they
will be undertaken by the engineer responsible for the works which incorporate the box
culverts.

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