Tata Nano Case Study

CASE STUDY ON
TATA NANO
TATA MOTORS HAS UNVEILED THE WORLD'S
CHEAPEST MOTOR NANO CAR
The case discusses the making of Tata Nano, the world's cheapest car, manufactured by
India based Tata Motors. On March 30, 2009, Tata Nano was launched with an ex-factory price
tag of INR 100,000 (about US$ 2000). The case explains the design and development process of
TataNano.
The car was the result of a five year research and development project carried out by Tata Nano
development team. While developing the car, Tata Motors and its suppliers constantly made
efforts to reduce the costs while ensuring quality of each and every component including engine,
steering, wheels, tires, windshield washing system, gear shifter etc.
THE MAKING OF TATA NANO
INTRODUCTION
Tata Nano is a proposed city car — a small, affordable, rear-engined, four-passenger
car aimed primarily at the Indian market.
ABOUT PLANT
 Investment of 1500cr. rupees by Tatas.
 Shifting cost of the plant from singur is around 500 cr.
 Total area of plant is 1000acres out which 300 acres were alloted for
assembling of various parts and rest 700 acres for manufacturing.
AIM OF MAKING
The project to create the world's cheapest car inspired by the number of Indian families
with two-wheeled rather than four-wheeled transport.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION AND FEATURES

Technical features of tatanano car are:
 First car in india with rear engine and rear wheel drive.
 Engine with 623cc
 A 33bhp car
 Having fuel efficiency 21.97km/ltr in city and 25.5km/ltr on highway.
 First car with 2 cylinder non opposed petrol engine.
 Acceleration: 0-70 km/h in 14 seconds.
 Maximum speed: 105 km/h.
 Trunk capacity: 15 L.
 Front brake: disc
 Rear brake: drum
Supplier Relation E.Balasubramanian , head of sourcing for the project, was not a popular
man with vendors and there were problem in order to get vendors to pare merging and persuade
them to produce components at lower cost .
The vendors had to invest in new processes and methods to reengineer their products to
specifications that were rigidly guided by cost , performance and regulatory compliances.
However A three-shift operation and consolidated purchasing with suppliers provided them
with lots of relief.
STRATEGIES APPLIED
Tata divided the components into two types – proprietary designs and Tata Motors
design. For proprietary design components Tata went with established suppliers such as
Bosch which supplies the engine management system and has significantly contributed to
the future diesel engine.
For components and systems designed in-house, Tata Motors chose suppliers with
strong process capabilities who could give valuable suggestions and improve on the
designs. Nearly everything has been sourced locally and the Nano will have 97% local
content from day one. Tata’s suppliers were an integral part of not only the design and
development process, but also purchasing.
SUPPLIERS TO TATA NANO

 Bosch 8. Freudenburg
 Caparo 9. GKN
 Continental 10. ItwDeltar
 Delphi 11. INA
 Denso 12. Johnson Controls
 Fag 13. Mahle
 Ficosa 14. Saint gobain and many more
Where Bosch a German based automotive company it supplies gasoline injection system,
starter, alternator, brake system. Caparo vehicle technologies : a Europe based company. It
supplies inner structural panels. Continental motors: it is a Europe based company. It supplies
fuel level sensor, gasoline fuel supply system and etc.
WHY TATA NANO IS SO CHEAP?

The below diagram is self-explanatory, where the following features have been modified to
reduce the cost:
 No air conditioning on standard model
 Windows wind by hand
 Manual steering no air bag
 624cc two cylinder engine in boot giving max speed of 70km/h
 Plastic and adhesive replaces welding
 Bodywork made of sheet-metal and plastic
DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY
Tata nano has applied the open distribution innovation which helped the company to reach
maximum to the customers. Following are the reson to apply the open distribution strategy:
 To mobilize large no of third parties to reach remote rural consumers
 Tailor the products and service to more effectively serve their needs and add
value to core product through ancillary service.
 To increase modularity
 Creative use of information technology
COMPETITORS:
Rival car makers including Bajaj Auto, Fiat, General Motors, Ford
Motor, Hyundai and Toyota Motor have all expressed interest in building a small car that is
affordable to more middle-class consumers in emerging markets. The bulk of demand there is
for small cars because people are much more sensitive to fuel prices Honda and Toyota are
leading the way on so called cleaner gasoline-electric hybrids, and some environmentalists argue
getting prices down on these technologies is where efforts should be concentrated. Inexpensive
and eco-friendly electric-cars like Tara Tiny, Oreva Super (both reportedly even cheaper than
Tata Nano) and REVA pose even more significant danger to Nano. There are also rumours
of Maruti Suzuki introducing a lower priced version of Alto to counter Tata Nano.
KEY FACTS EXTRACTED FROM THE CASE:
 Cost saving has been achieved in all departments i.e. design, development, purchasing,
production, materials, logistics and sales.
 The design aimed at minimising the total number of components with a target of each
component having a dual functionality.
 Components used in the car have been divided into proprietary and Tata Motors design.
Tata went with ventures with many companies like bosch which supplies the engine
parts. So by doing this TataNano has reduced its cost on manufacturing the car.
 Suppliers have good process capabilities and Tata motors have narrowed down suppliers
to a total of 100 from 600.Suppliers are located locally and Tata motors maintain close
relationship with the suppliers by involving them in design and development process.
 Tata Nano described as “Gandhian engineering principles” where the air conditioning,
power brakes, radios, etc.—are missing for entry level model to reduce the cost.
 Tata aims to set up plants in four locations in the country to save transportation costs.
 Nano’s modular design is constructed of components that can be built and shipped
separately to be assembled in a variety of locations.
 Outsourcing taken up in a big way.
 Car promotes open distribution i.e. it mobilises large number of third parties to reach
remote rural consumers, tailor products and services to more effectively serve their needs
and add value to the core product through ancillary services.
STRATEGIES BY TATA MOTORS
TATA MOTORS MAKE A CAR SO INEXPENSIVELY
 The car is smaller in overall dimensions than the Maruti, but it offers about 20% more
seating capacity as a result of design choices such as putting the wheels at the extreme
edges of the car
 The Nano is also much lighter than comparable models as a result of efforts to reduce the
amount of steel in the car including the use of an aluminium engine and the use of
lightweight steel where possible
 Tata Nano described as “Gandhian engineering principles” where the air conditioning,
power brakes, radios, etc.—are missing for entry level model to reduce the cost.
 Nano’s modular design is constructed of components that can be built and shipped
separately to be assembled in a variety of locations. Outsourcing taken up in a big way.
 No air conditioning on standard model
 Windows wind by hand

 Manual steering no air bag
 624cc two cylinder engine in boot giving max speed of 70km/h
 Plastic and adhesive replaces welding
 Bodywork made of sheet-metal and plastic
MANAGEMENT POLICIES
 It locates the vendors locally by co-locating them with the plant so as to save on logistics
cost.
 Tata Motors has defined criteria for choosing suppliers i.e. those who have high process
capabilities.
 It involves suppliers in the design and development process of the car.
 It locates the vendors locally by co-locating them with the plant so as to save on logistics
cost.
 Tata Motors aims to achieve a low vendor base as it considers it effective for attaining
long term objective of cost reduction and quality improvement. Thus it reduced its
network of 600 suppliers to 100.
 Tata believes in entering into long term contracts with the suppliers instead of annual
contracts which again aims at low costs in the long run.
 Tata Motors not only works upon its own processes but even helps vendors innovate in
their processes so to enhance their process capabilities.
Thus vendor management policy adopted by Tata Motors in case of Nano by building strong
relationships with the suppliers i.e. promoting SRM (Supplier Relationship Management) as
Nano has about 90% of the total car being outsourced.

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CASE STUDY ON

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION AND FEATURES

SUPPLIERS TO TATA NANO

WHY TATA NANO IS SO CHEAP?

KEY FACTS EXTRACTED FROM THE CASE:

STRATEGIES BY TATA MOTORS

TATA MOTORS MAKE A CAR SO INEXPENSIVELY

 Windows wind by hand

 624cc two cylinder engine in boot giving max speed of 70km/h

 Plastic and adhesive replaces welding

 Bodywork made of sheet-metal and plastic

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