Line Distance Protection System: Grid Solutions

GE
Grid Solutions
D30
Line Distance Protection System
Instruction Manual
Product version: 7.41x
GE publication code: 1601-0116-AE1 (GEK-130977)
E83849
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1601-0116-AE1
Copyright © 2017 GE Multilin Inc. All rights reserved.
D30 Line Distance Protection System Instruction Manual for version 7.41x.
D30, FlexLogic, FlexElement, FlexCurve, FlexAnalog, FlexInteger, FlexState, EnerVista,
CyberSentry, HardFiber, Multilin, and GE Multilin are trademarks or registered trademarks
of GE Multilin Inc.
The contents of this manual are the property of GE Multilin Inc. This documentation is
furnished on license and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the permission
of GE Multilin. The content of this manual is for informational use only and is subject to
change without notice.
Part number: 1601-0116-AE1 (January 2017)
D30 Line Distance Protection System
Table of contents
1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Safety symbols and definitions ..................................................................... 1-1

1.1.1 General cautions and warnings .................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 For further assistance .................................................................................... 1-2
2 PRODUCT 2.1 Product description......................................................................................... 2-1

DESCRIPTION 2.1.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Security.............................................................................................................. 2-3
2.3 Order codes ...................................................................................................... 2-7
2.3.1 Order codes with enhanced CT/VT modules........................................................... 2-8
2.3.2 Order codes with process bus modules ..................................................................2-10
2.3.3 Replacement modules .....................................................................................................2-13
2.4 Signal processing........................................................................................... 2-15
2.4.1 UR signal processing ........................................................................................................2-15
2.5 Specifications ................................................................................................. 2-17
2.5.1 Protection elements ..........................................................................................................2-18
2.5.2 User-programmable elements ....................................................................................2-25
2.5.3 Monitoring..............................................................................................................................2-27
2.5.4 Metering..................................................................................................................................2-27
2.5.5 Inputs .......................................................................................................................................2-28
2.5.6 Power supply ........................................................................................................................2-30
2.5.7 Outputs....................................................................................................................................2-30
2.5.8 Communication protocols..............................................................................................2-32
2.5.9 Inter-relay communications..........................................................................................2-33
2.5.10 CyberSentry security.........................................................................................................2-35
2.5.11 Environmental......................................................................................................................2-35
2.5.12 Type tests ...............................................................................................................................2-36
2.5.13 Production tests ..................................................................................................................2-36
2.5.14 Approvals ...............................................................................................................................2-37
2.5.15 Maintenance.........................................................................................................................2-37
3 INSTALLATION 3.1 Unpack and inspect......................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Panel cutouts.................................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.1 Horizontal units ..................................................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.2 Vertical units ........................................................................................................................... 3-3
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3.2.3 Rear terminal layout............................................................................................................3-8

3.3 Wiring ................................................................................................................ 3-9
3.3.1 Typical wiring ..........................................................................................................................3-9
3.3.2 Dielectric strength ............................................................................................................. 3-10
3.3.3 Control power ...................................................................................................................... 3-10
3.3.4 CT/VT modules .................................................................................................................... 3-11
3.3.5 Process bus modules ....................................................................................................... 3-12
3.3.6 Contact inputs and outputs .......................................................................................... 3-13
3.3.7 Transducer inputs and outputs................................................................................... 3-20
3.3.8 RS232 faceplate port........................................................................................................ 3-22
3.3.9 CPU communication ports ............................................................................................ 3-23
3.3.10 IRIG-B....................................................................................................................................... 3-25
3.4 Direct input and output communications ................................................3-26
3.4.1 Description ............................................................................................................................ 3-26
3.4.2 Fiber: LED and ELED transmitters............................................................................... 3-29
3.4.3 Fiber laser transmitters................................................................................................... 3-29
3.4.4 G.703 interface.................................................................................................................... 3-30
3.4.5 RS422 interface................................................................................................................... 3-34
3.4.6 RS422 and fiber interface .............................................................................................. 3-36
3.4.7 G.703 and fiber interface................................................................................................ 3-37
3.4.8 IEEE C37.94 interface ....................................................................................................... 3-37
3.4.9 C37.94SM interface........................................................................................................... 3-40
3.5 Activate relay .................................................................................................3-43
3.6 Install software ..............................................................................................3-44
3.6.1 EnerVista communication overview ......................................................................... 3-44
3.6.2 System requirements....................................................................................................... 3-45
3.6.3 Install software.................................................................................................................... 3-46
3.7 Add device to software .................................................................................3-47
3.7.1 Set IP address in UR.......................................................................................................... 3-47
3.7.2 Configure serial connection.......................................................................................... 3-53
3.7.3 Configure Ethernet connection ................................................................................... 3-54
3.7.4 Configure modem connection.....................................................................................3-56
3.7.5 Automatic discovery of UR devices........................................................................... 3-56
3.8 Connect to the D30........................................................................................3-57
3.8.1 Connect to the D30 in EnerVista................................................................................. 3-57
3.8.2 Use Quick Connect via the front panel RS232 port............................................ 3-58
3.8.3 Use Quick Connect via a rear Ethernet port.......................................................... 3-59
3.9 Set up CyberSentry and change default password .................................3-59
3.10 Import settings...............................................................................................3-60
4 INTERFACES 4.1 EnerVista software interface......................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................4-1
4.1.2 Settings files ............................................................................................................................4-1
4.1.3 Event viewing..........................................................................................................................4-2
4.1.4 File support ..............................................................................................................................4-3
4.1.5 EnerVista main window .....................................................................................................4-3
4.1.6 Protection summary window..........................................................................................4-4
4.1.7 Settings templates................................................................................................................4-5
4.1.8 Secure and lock FlexLogic equations ..........................................................................4-9
4.1.9 Settings file traceability................................................................................................... 4-12
4.2 Front panel interface ....................................................................................4-15
4.2.1 Front panel display............................................................................................................ 4-15
4.2.2 Front panel keypad ........................................................................................................... 4-16
4.2.3 Menu navigation ................................................................................................................ 4-16
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.2.4 Menu hierarchy ...................................................................................................................4-16

4.2.5 Changing settings ..............................................................................................................4-17
4.2.6 Faceplate................................................................................................................................4-19
4.2.7 LED indicators ......................................................................................................................4-20
4.2.8 Custom LED labeling.........................................................................................................4-24
4.2.9 Breaker control....................................................................................................................4-29
4.2.10 Change passwords............................................................................................................4-30
4.2.11 Invalid password entry ....................................................................................................4-31
4.3 Logic diagrams............................................................................................... 4-32
4.4 FlexLogic design and monitoring using Engineer.................................... 4-33
4.4.1 Design logic...........................................................................................................................4-35
4.4.2 Send file to and from device .........................................................................................4-45
4.4.3 Monitor logic.........................................................................................................................4-46
4.4.4 View front panel and print labels................................................................................4-47
4.4.5 Generate connectivity report........................................................................................4-48
4.4.6 Preferences ...........................................................................................................................4-48
4.4.7 Toolbars ..................................................................................................................................4-52
5 SETTINGS 5.1 Settings menu .................................................................................................. 5-1

5.2 Overview ........................................................................................................... 5-4
5.2.1 Introduction to elements .................................................................................................. 5-4
5.2.2 Introduction to AC sources .............................................................................................. 5-5
5.3 Product setup ................................................................................................... 5-7
5.3.1 Security ..................................................................................................................................... 5-7
5.3.2 Display properties ..............................................................................................................5-25
5.3.3 Clear relay records.............................................................................................................5-27
5.3.4 Communications ................................................................................................................5-28
5.3.5 Modbus user map ..............................................................................................................5-92
5.3.6 Real time clock.....................................................................................................................5-93
5.3.7 Fault reports .........................................................................................................................5-97
5.3.8 Oscillography........................................................................................................................5-99
5.3.9 Data logger ........................................................................................................................5-101
5.3.10 User-programmable LEDs ..........................................................................................5-102
5.3.11 User-programmable self tests ..................................................................................5-106
5.3.12 Control pushbuttons ...................................................................................................... 5-106
5.3.13 User-programmable pushbuttons ..........................................................................5-108
5.3.14 Flex state parameters ...................................................................................................5-113
5.3.15 User-definable displays................................................................................................5-114
5.3.16 Direct inputs/outputs.....................................................................................................5-116
5.3.17 Teleprotection ...................................................................................................................5-122
5.3.18 Installation ..........................................................................................................................5-123
5.4 Remote resources........................................................................................5-123
5.4.1 Remote resources configuration .............................................................................5-123
5.5 System setup ................................................................................................5-125
5.5.1 AC inputs .............................................................................................................................5-125
5.5.2 Power system....................................................................................................................5-126
5.5.3 Signal sources...................................................................................................................5-127
5.5.4 Breakers...............................................................................................................................5-129
5.5.5 Disconnect switches ......................................................................................................5-134
5.5.6 FlexCurves...........................................................................................................................5-137
5.6 FlexLogic........................................................................................................5-144
5.6.1 FlexLogic operands ........................................................................................................ 5-144
5.6.2 FlexLogic rules ..................................................................................................................5-155
5.6.3 FlexLogic evaluation ...................................................................................................... 5-155
5.6.4 FlexLogic equation editor ............................................................................................5-161
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5.6.5 FlexLogic timers............................................................................................................... 5-161

5.6.6 FlexElements ..................................................................................................................... 5-161
5.6.7 Non-volatile latches....................................................................................................... 5-165
5.7 Grouped elements .......................................................................................5-166
5.7.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 5-166
5.7.2 Setting group 1................................................................................................................. 5-166
5.7.3 Line pickup ......................................................................................................................... 5-167
5.7.4 Distance............................................................................................................................... 5-169
5.7.5 Power swing detect (ANSI 68).................................................................................... 5-187
5.7.6 Load encroachment ...................................................................................................... 5-196
5.7.7 Phase current ................................................................................................................... 5-197
5.7.8 Neutral current................................................................................................................. 5-209
5.7.9 Wattmetric ground fault.............................................................................................. 5-217
5.7.10 Ground current ................................................................................................................ 5-221
5.7.11 Negative sequence current........................................................................................ 5-224
5.7.12 Voltage elements ............................................................................................................ 5-230
5.8 Control elements .........................................................................................5-237
5.8.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 5-237
5.8.2 Trip bus ................................................................................................................................ 5-237
5.8.3 Setting groups .................................................................................................................. 5-239
5.8.4 Selector switch................................................................................................................. 5-240
5.8.5 Underfrequency (ANSI 81U)........................................................................................ 5-247
5.8.6 Frequency rate of change (ANSI 81R).................................................................... 5-248
5.8.7 Synchrocheck (ANSI 25) ............................................................................................... 5-250
5.8.8 Autoreclose (ANSI 79) .................................................................................................... 5-256
5.8.9 Digital elements............................................................................................................... 5-262
5.8.10 Digital counters................................................................................................................ 5-265
5.8.11 Monitoring elements ..................................................................................................... 5-267
5.9 Inputs/outputs .............................................................................................5-281
5.9.1 Contact inputs .................................................................................................................. 5-281
5.9.2 Virtual inputs ..................................................................................................................... 5-283
5.9.3 Contact outputs............................................................................................................... 5-284
5.9.4 Virtual outputs.................................................................................................................. 5-287
5.9.5 Resetting ............................................................................................................................. 5-287
5.9.6 Direct inputs and outputs ........................................................................................... 5-288
5.9.7 Teleprotection................................................................................................................... 5-291
5.10 Transducer inputs/outputs........................................................................5-293
5.10.1 DCmA inputs...................................................................................................................... 5-293
5.10.2 RTD inputs .......................................................................................................................... 5-294
5.10.3 DCmA outputs .................................................................................................................. 5-295
5.11 Testing ...........................................................................................................5-299
5.11.1 Test mode function ........................................................................................................ 5-299
5.11.2 Test mode forcing........................................................................................................... 5-299
5.11.3 Force contact inputs ..................................................................................................... 5-300
5.11.4 Force contact outputs .................................................................................................. 5-300
6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.1 Actual values menu......................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 Front panel........................................................................................................ 6-3
6.3 Status................................................................................................................. 6-4
6.3.1 Contact inputs ........................................................................................................................6-4
6.3.2 Virtual inputs ...........................................................................................................................6-4
6.3.3 RxGOOSE boolean inputs ..................................................................................................6-4
6.3.4 RxGOOSE DPS inputs...........................................................................................................6-4
6.3.5 Teleprotection inputs ..........................................................................................................6-5
6.3.6 Contact outputs.....................................................................................................................6-5
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
6.3.7 Virtual outputs ....................................................................................................................... 6-5

6.3.8 Autoreclose ............................................................................................................................. 6-6
6.3.9 RxGOOSE status .................................................................................................................... 6-6
6.3.10 RxGOOSE statistics .............................................................................................................. 6-6
6.3.11 Digital counters ..................................................................................................................... 6-6
6.3.12 Selector switches.................................................................................................................. 6-7
6.3.13 Flex states................................................................................................................................ 6-7
6.3.14 Ethernet .................................................................................................................................... 6-7
6.3.15 Real time clock synchronizing........................................................................................ 6-7
6.3.16 Direct inputs............................................................................................................................ 6-8
6.3.17 Direct devices status .......................................................................................................... 6-9
6.3.18 Teleprotection channel tests .......................................................................................... 6-9
6.3.19 Incipient fault detector ....................................................................................................6-10
6.3.20 Remaining connection status.......................................................................................6-10
6.3.21 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)...........................................................................6-10
6.3.22 TxGOOSE status ..................................................................................................................6-11
6.4 Metering .......................................................................................................... 6-11
6.4.1 Metering conventions.......................................................................................................6-11
6.4.2 Sources....................................................................................................................................6-15
6.4.3 Synchrocheck.......................................................................................................................6-18
6.4.4 Tracking frequency............................................................................................................6-19
6.4.5 Frequency rate of change..............................................................................................6-19
6.4.6 FlexElements.........................................................................................................................6-19
6.4.7 RxGOOSE analogs ..............................................................................................................6-20
6.4.8 Wattmetric ground fault .................................................................................................6-20
6.4.9 Transducer inputs/outputs ............................................................................................6-20
6.4.10 Distance..................................................................................................................................6-21
6.5 Records............................................................................................................ 6-22
6.5.1 Fault reports .........................................................................................................................6-22
6.5.2 Event records .......................................................................................................................6-23
6.5.3 Data logger ...........................................................................................................................6-24
6.5.4 Oscillography........................................................................................................................6-24
6.5.5 Breaker maintenance.......................................................................................................6-25
6.6 Product information...................................................................................... 6-26
6.6.1 Model information..............................................................................................................6-26
6.6.2 Firmware revisions ............................................................................................................6-26
7 COMMANDS AND 7.1 Commands menu ............................................................................................ 7-1

TARGETS 7.1.1 Virtual inputs........................................................................................................................... 7-2
7.1.2 Clear records .......................................................................................................................... 7-2
7.1.3 Set date and time................................................................................................................. 7-3
7.1.4 Relay maintenance.............................................................................................................. 7-3
7.1.5 Security ..................................................................................................................................... 7-4
7.2 Targets menu ................................................................................................... 7-4
7.2.1 Target messages .................................................................................................................. 7-5
7.2.2 Relay self-tests ...................................................................................................................... 7-5
8 APPLICATION OF 8.1 Application guidelines .................................................................................... 8-1

SETTINGS 8.1.1 Overview................................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.1.2 Impact of memory polarization..................................................................................... 8-1
8.1.3 High set overcurrent elements ...................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 Distance elements (stepped distance scheme).......................................... 8-2
8.2.1 Phase distance ...................................................................................................................... 8-2
8.2.2 Ground distance ................................................................................................................... 8-3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
8.3 Series compensated lines .............................................................................. 8-5

8.3.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................8-5
8.3.2 Distance.....................................................................................................................................8-6
8.3.3 Ground directional overcurrent .....................................................................................8-7
8.3.4 High-set phase overcurrent.............................................................................................8-7
8.4 Phase distance through power transformers ............................................ 8-8
8.4.1 Phase distance protection................................................................................................8-8
8.4.2 Example.....................................................................................................................................8-9
9 THEORY OF 9.1 Distance elements........................................................................................... 9-1

OPERATION 9.1.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................9-1
9.1.2 Phasor estimation.................................................................................................................9-2
9.1.3 Distance characteristics ....................................................................................................9-2
9.1.4 Fast distance algorithm .....................................................................................................9-7
9.1.5 Memory polarization ...........................................................................................................9-7
9.1.6 Distance elements analysis .............................................................................................9-9
9.2 Phase distance applied to power transformers.......................................9-11
9.2.1 Description ............................................................................................................................ 9-11
9.2.2 Example.................................................................................................................................. 9-15
9.3 Ground directional overcurrent..................................................................9-17
9.3.1 Description ............................................................................................................................ 9-17
9.3.2 Example.................................................................................................................................. 9-18
9.4 Series compensated lines ............................................................................9-18
9.4.1 Description ............................................................................................................................ 9-18
9.5 Fault locator ...................................................................................................9-22
9.5.1 Fault type determination................................................................................................ 9-22
10 MAINTENANCE 10.1 Monitoring.......................................................................................................10-1

10.1.1 Devices with Site Targets ............................................................................................... 10-1
10.1.2 Data with Modbus Analyzer.......................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 General maintenance ...................................................................................10-3
10.2.1 In-service maintenance.................................................................................................. 10-3
10.2.2 Out-of-service maintenance ........................................................................................ 10-3
10.2.3 Unscheduled maintenance (system interruption) .............................................. 10-3
10.3 Retrieve files ...................................................................................................10-3
10.3.1 CyberSentry security event files.................................................................................. 10-4
10.4 Compare settings ..........................................................................................10-5
10.4.1 Compare against defaults ............................................................................................. 10-5
10.4.2 Compare two devices ...................................................................................................... 10-5
10.5 Back up and restore settings.......................................................................10-6
10.5.1 Back up settings .................................................................................................................10-6
10.5.2 Restore settings .................................................................................................................. 10-8
10.6 Upgrade software........................................................................................10-10
10.7 Upgrade firmware .......................................................................................10-11
10.8 Replace module............................................................................................10-12
10.9 Battery ...........................................................................................................10-14
10.9.1 Replace battery for SH/SL power supply ............................................................. 10-14
10.9.2 Dispose of battery .......................................................................................................... 10-15
10.10 Clear files and data after uninstall...........................................................10-18
10.11 Repairs...........................................................................................................10-19
10.12 Storage ..........................................................................................................10-19
10.13 Disposal .........................................................................................................10-20
viii D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS
A FLEXANALOG A.1 FlexAnalog items .............................................................................................A-1

OPERANDS
B RADIUS SERVER B.1 RADIUS server configuration ......................................................................... B-1

CONFIGURATION
C COMMAND LINE C.1 Command line interface .................................................................................C-1

INTERFACE
D MISCELLANEOUS D.1 Warranty ...........................................................................................................D-1

D.2 Revision history ...............................................................................................D-1
ABBREVIATIONS
INDEX
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS
x D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Chapter 1: Introduction
Introduction
This chapter outlines safety and technical support information.
1.1 Safety symbols and definitions

Before attempting to install or use the device, review all safety indicators in this document to help prevent injury,
equipment damage, or downtime.
The following safety and equipment symbols are used in this document.
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates practices not related to personal injury.
1.1.1 General cautions and warnings

The following general safety precautions and warnings apply.
Ensure that all connections to the product are correct so as to avoid accidental risk of shock
and/or fire, for example such as can arise from high voltage connected to low voltage terminals.
Follow the requirements of this manual, including adequate wiring size and type, terminal torque settings, voltage,
current magnitudes applied, and adequate isolation/clearance in external wiring from high to low voltage circuits.
Use the device only for its intended purpose and application.
Ensure that all ground paths are uncompromised for safety purposes during device operation and service.
Ensure that the control power applied to the device, the AC current, and voltage input match the ratings specified on
the relay nameplate. Do not apply current or voltage in excess of the specified limits.
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1-1

FOR FURTHER ASSISTANCE CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Only qualified personnel are to operate the device. Such personnel must be thoroughly familiar with all safety
cautions and warnings in this manual and with applicable country, regional, utility, and plant safety regulations.
1 Hazardous voltages can exist in the power supply and at the device connection to current transformers, voltage
transformers, control, and test circuit terminals. Make sure all sources of such voltages are isolated prior to
attempting work on the device.
Hazardous voltages can exist when opening the secondary circuits of live current transformers. Make sure that
current transformer secondary circuits are shorted out before making or removing any connection to the current
transformer (CT) input terminals of the device.
For tests with secondary test equipment, ensure that no other sources of voltages or currents are connected to such
equipment and that trip and close commands to the circuit breakers or other switching apparatus are isolated,
unless this is required by the test procedure and is specified by appropriate utility/plant procedure.
When the device is used to control primary equipment, such as circuit breakers, isolators, and other switching
apparatus, all control circuits from the device to the primary equipment must be isolated while personnel are working
on or around this primary equipment to prevent any inadvertent command from this device.
Use an external disconnect to isolate the mains voltage supply.
Personal safety can be affected if the product is physically modified by the end user. Modifications to the product
outside of recommended wiring configuration, hardware, or programming boundaries is not recommended end-use
practice. Product disassembly and repairs are not permitted. All service needs to be conducted by the factory.
LED transmitters are classified as IEC 60825-1 Accessible Emission Limit (AEL) Class 1M. Class 1M
devices are considered safe to the unaided eye. Do not view directly with optical instruments.
This product is rated to Class A emissions levels and is to be used in Utility, Substation Industrial
environments. Not to be used near electronic devices rated for Class B levels.
1.2 For further assistance

For product support, contact the information and call center as follows:
GE Grid Solutions
650 Markland Street
Markham, Ontario
Canada L6C 0M1
Worldwide telephone: +1 905 927 7070
Europe/Middle East/Africa telephone: +34 94 485 88 54
North America toll-free: 1 800 547 8629
Fax: +1 905 927 5098
Worldwide e-mail: multilin.tech@ge.com
Europe e-mail: multilin.tech.euro@ge.com
Website: http://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin
When contacting GE by e-mail, optionally include a device information file, which is generated in the EnerVista software by
clicking the Service Report button.
1-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION FOR FURTHER ASSISTANCE
Figure 1-1: Generate service report

FOR FURTHER ASSISTANCE CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2: Product description
Product description
This chapter outlines the product, order codes, and specifications.
2.1 Product description

2.1.1 Overview
The D30 Line Distance Protection System is part of the Universal Relay (UR) series of products. It is a microprocessor-based
relay intended for use on transmission lines of any voltage level, without, with, and in the vicinity of series compensation, in
three-pole tripping applications. The primary function of the relay consists of five phase and ground distance zones of
protection, either mho or quadrilateral as per user selection. The distance elements are optimized to provide good
measurement accuracy with a fast operating time, even when used with capacitive voltage transformers, and can be
supervised by detection of power swings. The relay provides directional ground overcurrent elements, which are
commonly used as part of an overall line protection system.
D30 phase distance zones can be configured to work with voltages and currents fed from voltage transformers (VTs) and
current transformers (CTs) located independently from one another on either side of a three-phase power transformer. The
relay compensates accordingly to preserve reach and correct target information regardless of the location and type of
fault. This feature allows backup protection applications for generators and power transformers.
A close-into-fault (or switch-on-to-fault) function is performed by the line pickup element. Out-of-step tripping, three-pole
autoreclosing, synchrocheck, fault location, and many other functions are also available. In addition, overcurrent and
undervoltage protection, fault diagnostics, power metering, and RTU functions are provided. The D30 provides phase,
neutral, and ground time overcurrent protection. The time overcurrent functions can be programmed with multiple curve
shapes or FlexCurve™ for optimum coordination.
Voltage, current, and power metering is built into the relay as a standard feature. Current parameters are available as total
waveform root mean square (RMS) magnitude, or as fundamental frequency only RMS magnitude and angle (phasor).
Diagnostic features include an event recorder capable of storing 1024 time-tagged events, oscillography capable of
storing up to 64 records with programmable trigger, content and sampling rate, and data logger acquisition of up to 16
channels, with programmable content and sampling rate. The internal clock used for time-tagging can be synchronized
with an IRIG-B signal, using the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) over the Ethernet port, or using the Precision Time
Protocol (PTP). This precise time stamping allows the sequence of events to be determined throughout the system. Events
can also be programmed (via FlexLogic™ equations) to trigger oscillography data capture that can be set to record the
measured parameters before and after the event for viewing on a computer. These tools significantly reduce
troubleshooting time and simplify report generation in the event of a system fault.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Several options are available for communication. A faceplate RS232 port can be used to connect to a computer for the
programming of settings and the monitoring of actual values. The rear RS485 port allows independent access by operating
and engineering staff. It can be connected to system computers with baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. All serial ports use the
Modbus RTU protocol. The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is supported on the RS485 interface. IEC 60870-5-103, DNP, and
Modbus cannot be enabled simultaneously on this interface. Also only one of the DNP, IEC 60870-5-103, and IEC 60870-5-
104 protocols can be enabled at any time on the relay. When the IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is chosen, the RS485 port has a
fixed even parity and the baud rate can be either 9.6 kbps or 19.2 kbps. The 100Base-FX or 100Base-TX Ethernet interface
provides fast, reliable communications in noisy environments. The Ethernet port supports IEC 61850, Modbus/TCP, TFTP,
2 and PTP (according to IEEE Std. 1588-2008 or IEC 61588), and it allows access to the relay via any standard web browser
(D30 web pages). The IEC 60870-5-104 protocol is supported on the Ethernet port. The Ethernet port also supports the
Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) of IEC 62439-3 (clause 4, 2012) when purchased as an option.
Secure Routable GOOSE (R-GOOSE) is supported with software options.
Settings and actual values can be accessed from the front panel or EnerVista software.
The D30 uses flash memory technology that allows field upgrading as new features are added. Firmware and software are
upgradable.
The following single-line diagram illustrates the relay functionality using American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
device numbers.
Table 2-1: ANSI device numbers and functions supported
Device Function Device Function
number number
21G Ground Distance 51_2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent
21P Phase Distance 52 AC Circuit Breaker
25 Synchrocheck 59N Neutral Overvoltage
27P Phase Undervoltage 59P Phase Overvoltage
27X Auxiliary Undervoltage 59X Auxiliary Overvoltage
32N Wattmetric Zero-Sequence Directional 59_2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage
49 Thermal Overload Protection 67N Neutral Directional Overcurrent
50DD Current Disturbance Detector 67P Phase Directional Overcurrent
50G Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 67_2 Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent
50N Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 68 Power Swing Blocking
50P Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 78 Out-of-Step Tripping
50_2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 79 Automatic Recloser
51G Ground Time Overcurrent 81R Rate of change frequency
51N Neutral Time Overcurrent 81U Underfrequency
51P Phase Time Overcurrent

CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SECURITY
Figure 2-1: Single-line diagram
Table 2-2: Other device functions

Function Function Function
2
Breaker arcing current (I t) Fault detector and fault report Setting groups (6)
Breaker control Fault locator Time synchronization over IRIG-B or IEEE
1588
Broken conductor detection FlexElements™ (8) Time synchronization over SNTP
Contact inputs (up to 96) FlexLogic equations Transducer inputs and outputs
Contact outputs (up to 64) IEC 61870-5-103 communications Trip bus
Control pushbuttons IEC 61850 communications User-definable displays
CT failure detector IEC 62351-9 data and communications User-programmable LEDs
security
CyberSentry™ security Incipient cable fault detection User-programmable pushbuttons
Data logger Line pickup User-programmable self-tests
Digital counters (8) Metering current, voltage, power, power Virtual inputs (64)
factor, frequency
Digital elements (48) Modbus communications Virtual outputs (96)
Direct inputs and outputs (32) Modbus user map VT fuse failure
Disconnect switches Non-volatile latches
DNP 3.0 or IEC 60870-5-104 protocol Non-volatile selector switch
Event recorder Oscillography
2.2 Security
The following security features are available:
• Password security — Basic security present by default
• EnerVista security — Role-based access to various EnerVista software screens and configuration elements. The
feature is present by default in the EnerVista software.

SECURITY CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
• CyberSentry security — Advanced security available using a software option. When purchased, the option is
automatically enabled, and the default Password security and EnerVista security are disabled.
2.2.0.1 EnerVista security

The EnerVista security management system is a role-based access control (RBAC) system that allows an administrator to
manage the privileges of multiple users. This allows for access control of UR devices by multiple personnel within a
substation and conforms to the principles of RBAC as defined in ANSI INCITS 359-2004. The EnerVista security
2 management system is disabled by default to allow the administrator direct access to the EnerVista software after
installation. It is recommended that security be enabled before placing the device in service.
Basic password or enhanced CyberSentry security applies, depending on purchase.
2.2.0.2 Password security

Password security is a basic security feature present by default.
Two levels of password security are provided: command and setting. Use of a password for each level controls whether
users can enter commands and/or change settings.
The D30 supports password entry from a local or remote connection. Local access is defined as any access to settings or
commands via the faceplate interface. This includes both keypad entry and the through the faceplate RS232 port. Remote
access is defined as any access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes both Ethernet
and RS485 connections. Any changes to the local or remote passwords enables this functionality.
When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the
corresponding connection password. If the connection is to the back of the D30, the remote password must be used. If the
connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password applies.
Password access events are logged in the Event Recorder.
2.2.0.3 CyberSentry security

CyberSentry embedded security is available using a software option (Level 1) that provide advanced security services.
When the option is purchased, the basic password security is disabled automatically.
CyberSentry provides security through the following features:
• An Authentication, Authorization, Accounting (AAA) Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) client that is
centrally managed, enables user attribution, provides accounting of all user activities, and uses secure standards-
based strong cryptography for authentication and credential protection
• A Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) system that provides a permission model that allows access to UR device
operations and configurations based on specific roles and individual user accounts configured on the AAA server (that
is, Administrator, Supervisor, Engineer, Operator, Observer roles)
• Security event reporting through the Syslog protocol for supporting Security Information Event Management (SIEM)
systems for centralized cybersecurity monitoring
• Strong encryption of all access and configuration network messages between the EnerVista software and UR devices
using the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and 128-bit keys in Galois Counter
Mode (GCM) as specified in the U.S. National Security Agency Suite B extension for SSH and approved by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) FIPS-140-2 standards for cryptographic systems
CyberSentry user roles

CyberSentry user roles (Administrator, Engineer, Operator, Supervisor, Observer) limit the levels of access to various UR
device functions. This means that the EnerVista software allows for access to functionality based on the user’s logged in
role.
Example: Administrative functions can be segmented away from common operator functions, or engineering type access,
all of which are defined by separate roles (see figure) so that access of UR devices by multiple personnel within a
substation is allowed.

CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SECURITY
Figure 2-2: CyberSentry user roles
The table lists user roles and their corresponding capabilities.
Table 2-3: Permissions by user role for CyberSentry

Roles Administrator Engineer Operator Supervisor Observer
Complete access Complete access Command Authorizes Default role
except for menu writing
CyberSentry
Security
Device Definition R R R R R
Settings
|---------- Product Setup
|--------------- Security RW R R R R
(CyberSentry)
|--------------- Supervisory See table notes R R See table R
notes
|--------------- Display Properties RW RW R R R
|--------------- Clear Relay Records RW RW R R R
(settings)
|--------------- Communications RW RW R R R
|--------------- Modbus User Map RW RW R R R
|--------------- Real Time Clock RW RW R R R
|--------------- Oscillography RW RW R R R
|--------------- Data Logger RW RW R R R
|--------------- Demand RW RW R R R
|--------------- User-Programmable RW RW R R R
LEDs
Self Tests
|--------------- Control Pushbuttons RW RW R R R
Pushbuttons
|--------------- Flex state RW RW R R R
Parameters
|--------------- User-Definable RW RW R R R
Displays
|--------------- Direct I/O RW RW R R R
|--------------- Teleprotection RW RW R R R
|--------------- Installation RW RW R R R
|---------- System Setup RW RW R R R

SECURITY CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Roles Administrator Engineer Operator Supervisor Observer

|---------- FlexLogic RW RW R R R
|---------- Grouped Elements RW RW R R R
|---------- Control Elements RW RW R R R
|---------- Inputs / Outputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Contact Inputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Contact Input RW RW R R R
2 threshold
|--------------- Virtual Inputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Contact Outputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Virtual Outputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Resetting RW RW R R R
|--------------- Direct Inputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Direct Outputs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Teleprotection RW RW R R R
|--------------- Direct Analogs RW RW R R R
|--------------- Direct Integers RW RW R R R
|---------- Transducer I/O RW RW R R R
|---------- Testing RW RW R R R
|---------- Front Panel Labels Designer NA NA NA NA NA
|---------- Protection Summary NA NA NA NA NA
Commands RW RW RW R R
|---------- Virtual Inputs RW RW RW R R
|---------- Clear Records RW RW RW R R
|---------- Set Date and Time RW RW RW R R
User Displays R R R R R
Targets R R R R R
Actual Values R R R R R
|---------- Front panel labels designer R R R R R
|---------- Status R R R R R
|---------- Metering R R R R R
|---------- Transducer I/O R R R R R
|---------- Records R R R R R
|---------- Product Info R R R R R
Maintenance RW RW R R R
|---------- Modbus Analyzer NA NA NA NA NA
|---------- Change front panel RW RW RW R R
|---------- Update firmware Yes No No No No
|---------- Retrieve file Yes No No No No
Table Notes:
RW = read and write access
R = read access
Supervisor = RW (default), Administrator = R (default), Administrator = RW (only if Supervisor role is disabled)
NA = the permission is not enforced by CyberSentry security
CyberSentry user authentication

The following types of authentication are supported by CyberSentry to access the UR device:

CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ORDER CODES
• Device Authentication (local UR device authenticates)

• Server Authentication (RADIUS server authenticates)
The EnerVista software allows access to functionality that is determined by the user role, which comes either from the local
UR device or the RADIUS server.
The EnerVista software has a device authentication option on the login screen for accessing the UR device. When the
"Device" button is selected, the UR uses its local authentication database and not the RADIUS server to authenticate the
user. In this case, it uses its built-in roles (Administrator, Engineer, Supervisor, Observer, Operator, or Administrator and
Supervisor when Device Authentication is disabled) as login names and the associated passwords are stored on the UR
device. As such, when using the local accounts, access is not user-attributable.
2
In cases where user-attributable access is required especially to facilitate auditable processes for compliance reasons, use
RADIUS authentication only.
When the "Server" Authentication Type option is selected, the UR uses the RADIUS server and not its local authentication
database to authenticate the user.
No password or security information is displayed in plain text by the EnerVista software or UR device, nor is such
information ever transmitted without cryptographic protection.
CyberSentry server authentication

The UR has been designed to direct automatically the authentication requests based on user names. In this respect, local
account names on the UR are considered as reserved and not used on a RADIUS server.
The UR detects automatically whether an authentication request is to be handled remotely or locally. As there are five local
accounts possible on the UR, if the user ID credential does not match one of the five local accounts, the UR forwards
automatically the request to a RADIUS server when one is provided.
If a RADIUS server is provided, but is unreachable over the network, server authentication requests are denied. In this
situation, use local UR accounts to gain access to the UR system.
2.3 Order codes

The order code is on the product label and indicates the product options applicable.
The D30 is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount or reduced-size (¾) vertical unit. It consists of the following
modules: power supply, CPU, CT/VT, contact input and output, transducer input and output, and inter-relay
communications. Module options are specified at the time of ordering.
The order codes shown here are subject to change without notice. See the web page for the product for the latest options.
The order code depends on the mounting option (horizontal or vertical) and the type of CT/VT modules (enhanced
diagnostic CT/VT modules or HardFiberTM process bus module). The process bus module provides an interface to
HardFiber Bricks.
The R-GOOSE protocol described in IEC 61850-8-1 is available through the IEC 61850 software option. If R-GOOSE
security is required, the CyberSentry software option also must be purchased.

ORDER CODES CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.3.1 Order codes with enhanced CT/VT modules

Table 2-4: D30 order codes for horizontal units
D30 - * ** - * * * - F ** - H ** - M ** - P ** - U ** - W/X ** Full Size Horizontal Mount
BASE UNIT D30 | | | | | | | | | | | Base Unit
CPU T | | | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC)
U | | | | | | | | | | RS485 and Two Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC), One 10/100Base-TX
(SFP with RJ45)
V | | | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three 10/100Base-TX (SFP with RJ45)
SOFTWARE 00 | | | | | | | | | No Software Options
03 | | | | | | | | | IEC 61850
2 A0
A3
B0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CyberSentry Lvl 1
CyberSentry Lvl 1 and IEC 61850
IEEE 1588
B3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and IEC 61850
C0 | | | | | | | | | Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
C3 | | | | | | | | | PRP and IEC 61850
D0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and CyberSentry Lvl 1
D3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
E0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and PRP
E3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and IEC 61850
F0 | | | | | | | | | PRP and CyberSentry Lvl 1
F3 | | | | | | | | | PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
G0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and CyberSentry Lvl 1
G3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
J0 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103
J3 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
K0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103
K3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
L0 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1
L3 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1 + IEC 61850
P0 | | | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2
P3 | | | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
Q0 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2
Q3 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
MOUNT/COATING H | | | | | | | | Horizontal (19” rack)
A | | | | | | | | Horizontal (19” rack) with harsh environmental coating
FACEPLATE/ DISPLAY C | | | | | | | English display
D | | | | | | | French display
R | | | | | | | Russian display
A | | | | | | | Chinese display
P | | | | | | | English display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
G | | | | | | | French display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
S | | | | | | | Russian display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
B | | | | | | | Chinese display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
K | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display
M | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display
Q | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display
U | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display
L | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons
N | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons
T | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons
V | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons
W | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display
Y | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display and user-programmable pushbuttons
I | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display
J | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display and user-programmable pushbuttons
POWER SUPPLY H | | | | | | 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply
(redundant supply must H | | | | | SH 125 / 250 V AC/DC with redundant 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply
be same type as main supply) L | | | | | | 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply
L | | | | | SL 24 to 48 V (DC only) with redundant 24 to 48 V DC power supply
ENHANCED DIAGNOSTICS CT/VT DSP 8L | | | | | Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
(requires all DSP to be enhanced 8M | | | | | Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
diagnostic)
CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS XX XX XX XX XX No Module
4A 4A 4A 4A 4A 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs
4B 4B 4B 4B 4B 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs
4C 4C 4C 4C 4C 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs
4D 4D 4D 4D 4D 16 Contact inputs with Auto-Burnishing
4L 4L 4L 4L 4L 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs
67 67 67 67 67 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs
6A 6A 6A 6A 6A 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6B 6B 6B 6B 6B 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
6C 6C 6C 6C 6C 8 Form-C outputs
6D 6D 6D 6D 6D 16 Contact inputs
6E 6E 6E 6E 6E 4 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6F 6F 6F 6F 6F 8 Fast Form-C outputs
6G 6G 6G 6G 6G 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 contact inputs
6H 6H 6H 6H 6H 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 contact inputs
6K 6K 6K 6K 6K 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
6L 6L 6L 6L 6L 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6M 6M 6M 6M 6M 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
6N 6N 6N 6N 6N 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 contact inputs
6P 6P 6P 6P 6P 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 contact inputs
6R 6R 6R 6R 6R 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6S 6S 6S 6S 6S 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
6T 6T 6T 6T 6T 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 contact inputs
6U 6U 6U 6U 6U 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 contact inputs
6V 6V 6V 6V 6V 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8
contact inputs
TRANSDUCER 5A 5A 5A 5A 5A 4 DCmA inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed)
INPUTS/OUTPUTS 5C 5C 5C 5C 5C 8 RTD inputs
(select a maximum of 3 per unit) 5D 5D 5D 5D 5D 4 RTD inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed)
5E 5E 5E 5E 5E 4 RTD inputs, 4 DCmA inputs
5F 5F 5F 5F 5F 8 DCmA inputs
INTER-RELAY 2A C37.94SM, 1300 nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode
COMMUNICATIONS 2B C37.94SM, 1300 nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode
(select a maximum of 1 per unit) 2E Bi-phase, single channel
2F Bi-phase, dual channel
2G IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel


2H IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
2I Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, MM, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode,
Laser
2J Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, MM, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode,
Laser
72 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser, 1 Channel
74 Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser
75 Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode Laser
76 IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
77 IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
7A 820 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
7B 1300 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
7C 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel
7D 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser, 1 Channel
7E Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multimode
7F Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multimode
2
7G Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED
7H 820 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
7I 1300 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
7J 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels
7K 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser, 2 Channels
7L Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multimode, LED
7M Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multimode, LED
7N Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
7P Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser
7Q Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode Laser
7R G.703, 1 Channel
7S G.703, 2 Channels
7T RS422, 1 Channel
7W RS422, 2 Channels
Table 2-5: D30 order codes for reduced-size vertical units

D30 - * ** - * * * - F ** - H ** - M ** - P/R ** Reduced Size Vertical Mount (see note regarding P/R slot below)
BASE UNIT D30 | | | | | | | | | Base Unit
CPU T | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC)
U | | | | | | | | RS485 and Two Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC), One 10/100Base-TX
(SFP with RJ45)
V | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three 10/100Base-TX (SFP with RJ45)
SOFTWARE 00 | | | | | | | No Software Options
03 | | | | | | | IEC 61850
A0 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 1
A3 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 1 and IEC 61850
B0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588
B3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and IEC 61850
C0 | | | | | | | Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
C3 | | | | | | | PRP and IEC 61850
D0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and CyberSentry Lvl 1
D3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and CyberSentry Lvl 1 and IEC 61850
E0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and PRP
E3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and IEC 61850
F0 | | | | | | | PRP and CyberSentry Lvl 1
F3 | | | | | | | PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
G0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and CyberSentry Lvl 1
G3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
J0 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103
J3 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
K0 | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103
K3 | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
L0 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1
L3 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1 + IEC 61850
P0 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2
P3 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
Q0 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2
Q3 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
MOUNT/COATING V | | | | | | Vertical (3/4 rack)
B | | | | | | Vertical (3/4 rack) with harsh environmental coating
FACEPLATE/ DISPLAY F | | | | | English display
D | | | | | French display
R | | | | | Russian display
A | | | | | Chinese display
K | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display
M | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display
Q | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display
U | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display
L | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons
N | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons
T | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons
V | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons
W | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display
Y | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display and user-programmable pushbuttons
I | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display
J | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display and user-programmable pushbuttons

POWER SUPPLY H | | | | 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply
L | | | | 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply
ENHANCED DIAGNOSTICS CT/VT DSP 8L | | | Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
(requires all DSP to be enhanced 8M | | | Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
diagnostic)
CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS XX XX XX No Module
4A 4A 4A 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs
4B 4B 4B 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs
4C 4C 4C 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs
4D 4D 4D 16 Contact inputs with Auto-Burnishing
4L 4L 4L 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs
67 67 67 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs
6A 6A 6A 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
2 6B
6C
6D
6E
6B
6C
6D
6E
6B
6C
6D
6E
2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
8 Form-C outputs
16 Contact inputs
4 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6F 6F 6F 8 Fast Form-C outputs
6G 6G 6G 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 contact inputs
6H 6H 6H 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 contact inputs
6K 6K 6K 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
6L 6L 6L 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6M 6M 6M 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
6N 6N 6N 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 contact inputs
6P 6P 6P 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 contact inputs
6R 6R 6R 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
6S 6S 6S 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
6T 6T 6T 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 contact inputs
6U 6U 6U 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 contact inputs
6V 6V 6V 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8
contact inputs
TRANSDUCER 5A 5A 5A 4 DCmA inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed)
INPUTS/OUTPUTS 5C 5C 5C 8 RTD inputs
(select a maximum of 3 per 5D 5D 5D 4 RTD inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed)
unit) 5E 5E 5E 4 RTD inputs, 4 DCmA inputs
5F 5F 5F 8 DCmA inputs
For the last module, slot P is used for digital and 2F Bi-phase, dual channel
transducer 2H IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
input/output modules; slot R is used for inter-relay 2I Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, MM, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode,
communications modules. Laser
Laser
7R G.703, 1 Channel
7T RS422, 1 Channel
2.3.2 Order codes with process bus modules

Table 2-6: D30 order codes for horizontal units with process bus
BASE UNIT D30 | | | | | | | | | | | Base Unit
CPU T | | | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC)
U | | | | | | | | | | RS485 and Two Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC), One 10/100Base-TX
(SFP with RJ45)
V | | | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three 10/100Base-TX (SFP with RJ45)
SOFTWARE 00 | | | | | | | | | No Software Options
03 | | | | | | | | | IEC 61850
A0 | | | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 1
A3 | | | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 1 and IEC 61850
B0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588
B3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and IEC 61850
C0 | | | | | | | | | Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
C3 | | | | | | | | | PRP and IEC 61850
D0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and CyberSentry Lvl 1
D3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
E0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and PRP
E3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and IEC 61850
F0 | | | | | | | | | PRP and CyberSentry Lvl 1
F3 | | | | | | | | | PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
G0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and CyberSentry Lvl 1

D30 - * ** - * * * - F ** - H ** - M ** - P ** - U ** - W/X **Full Size Horizontal Mount

G3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
J0 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103
J3 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
K0 | | | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103
K3 | | | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
L0 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1
L3 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1 + IEC 61850
P0 | | | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2
P3 | | | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
Q0 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2
Q3 | | | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
MOUNT/COATING H | | | | | | | | Horizontal (19” rack)
A | | | | | | | | Horizontal (19” rack) with harsh environmental coating
2
FACEPLATE/ DISPLAY C | | | | | | | English display
D | | | | | | | French display
R | | | | | | | Russian display
A | | | | | | | Chinese display
P | | | | | | | English display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
G | | | | | | | French display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
S | | | | | | | Russian display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
B | | | | | | | Chinese display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons
K | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display
M | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display
Q | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display
U | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display
L | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons
N | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons
T | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons
V | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons
W | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display
Y | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display and user-programmable pushbuttons
I | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display
J | | | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display and user-programmable pushbuttons
POWER SUPPLY H | | | | | | 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply
(redundant supply must H | | | | | SH125 / 250 V AC/DC with redundant 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply
be same type as main supply) L | | | | | | 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply
L | | | | | SL24 to 48 V (DC only) with redundant 24 to 48 V DC power supply
PROCESS BUS MODULE | 81 | | | | Standard 4CT/4VT
DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS XX XX XX XX XXNo Module
4A 4A | 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs
4B 4B | 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs
4C 4C | 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs
4D 4D | 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing
4L 4L | 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs
67 67 | 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs
6A 6A | 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6B 6B | 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6C 6C | 8 Form-C outputs
6D 6D | 16 digital inputs
6E 6E | 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6F 6F | 8 Fast Form-C outputs
6G 6G | 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6H 6H | 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6K 6K | 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
6L 6L | 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6M 6M | 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6N 6N | 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6P 6P | 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6R 6R | 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6S 6S | 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6T 6T | 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6U 6U | 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6V 6V | 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8
digital inputs
2F Bi-phase, dual channel
2H IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
2I Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, MM, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode,
Laser
Laser
75 Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, Single-mode Laser
7R G.703, 1 Channel
7T RS422, 1 Channel

Table 2-7: D30 order codes for reduced-size vertical units with process bus
BASE UNIT D30 | | | | | | | | | Base Unit
CPU T | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC)
U | | | | | | | | RS485 and Two Multi-mode fiber 100Base-FX (SFP with LC), One 10/100Base-TX (SFP with RJ45)
V | | | | | | | | RS485 and Three 10/100Base-TX (SFP with RJ45)
SOFTWARE 00 | | | | | | | No Software Options
03 | | | | | | | IEC 61850
A0 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 1
A3 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 1 and IEC 61850
B0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588
B3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and IEC 61850
C0 | | | | | | | Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
2
C3 | | | | | | | PRP and IEC 61850
D0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and CyberSentry Lvl 1
D3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
E0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588 and PRP
E3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and IEC 61850
F0 | | | | | | | PRP and CyberSentry Lvl 1
F3 | | | | | | | PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
G0 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, and CyberSentry Lvl 1
G3 | | | | | | | IEEE 1588, PRP, CyberSentry Lvl 1, and IEC 61850
J0 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103
J3 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
K0 | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103
K3 | | | | | | | IEEE1588 + PRP + IEC 60870-5-103 + IEC 61850
L0 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1
L3 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 1 + IEC 61850
P0 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2
P3 | | | | | | | CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
Q0 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2
Q3 | | | | | | | IEC 60870-5-103 + IEEE 1588 + PRP + CyberSentry Lvl 2 + IEC 61850
MOUNT/COATING V | | | | | | Vertical (3/4 rack)
B | | | | | | Vertical (3/4 rack) with harsh environmental coating
FACEPLATE/ DISPLAY F | | | | | English display
D | | | | | French display
R | | | | | Russian display
A | | | | | Chinese display
K | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display
M | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display
Q | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display
U | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display
L | | | | | Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons
N | | | | | Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons
T | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons
V | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons
W | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display
Y | | | | | Enhanced front panel with Turkish display and user-programmable pushbuttons
I | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display
J | | | | | Enhanced front panel with German display and user-programmable pushbuttons
POWER SUPPLY H | | | | 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply
L | | | | 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply
PROCESS BUS MODULE | 81 | | Standard 4CT/4VT
DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS XX XX XX No Module
4A 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs
4B 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs
4C 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs
4D 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing (maximum of three modules within a case)
4L 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs
67 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs
6A 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6B 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6C 8 Form-C outputs
6D 16 digital inputs
6E 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6F 8 Fast Form-C outputs
6G 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6H 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6K 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
6L 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6M 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6N 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6P 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6R 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6S 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6T 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6U 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6V 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 digital inputs
For the last module, slot P is used for digital 2F Bi-phase, dual channel
input/output modules; slot R is used for inter- 2H IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
relay 2I Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, MM, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser
communications modules. 2J Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, MM, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser

7R G.703, 1 Channel
7T RS422, 1 Channel
2.3.3 Replacement modules

Replacement modules can be ordered separately. When ordering a replacement CPU module or faceplate, provide the 2
serial number of your existing unit.
Not all replacement modules apply to the D30 relay. The modules specified in the order codes for the D30 are available as
replacement modules for the D30.
The order codes shown here are subject to change without notice. See the web page for the product for the latest options.
Table 2-8: UR order codes for replacement modules, horizontal units
UR - ** - *
POWER SUPPLY | SH A| 125 / 300 V AC/DC
redundant supply only available in horizontal | SL H| 24 to 48 V (DC only)
units and must be same type as main supply
CPU | T | RS485 with 3 100Base-FX Ethernet, multimode, SFP with LC
| U | RS485 with 1 100Base-TX Ethernet, SFP RJ-45 + 2 100Base-FX Ethernet, multimode, SFP with LC
| V | RS485 with 3 100Base-TX Ethernet, SFP with RJ-45
FACEPLATE/DISPLAY | 3C | Horizontal faceplate with keypad and English display
| 3D | Horizontal faceplate with keypad and French display
| 3R | Horizontal faceplate with keypad and Russian display
| 3A | Horizontal faceplate with keypad and Chinese display
| 3P | Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and English display
| 3G | Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and French display
| 3S | Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and Russian display
| 3B | Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and Chinese display
| 3K | Enhanced front panel with English display
| 3M | Enhanced front panel with French display
| 3Q | Enhanced front panel with Russian display
| 3U | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display
| 3L | Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3N | Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3T | Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3V | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3I | Enhanced front panel with German display
| 3J | Enhanced front panel with German display and user-programmable pushbuttons
CONTACT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS | 4A | 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs
| 4B | 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs
| 4C | 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs
| 4D | 16 Contact inputs with Auto-Burnishing
| 4L | 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs
| 67 | 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs
| 6A | 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6B | 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6C | 8 Form-C outputs
| 6D | 16 Contact inputs
| 6E | 4 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6F | 8 Fast Form-C outputs
| 6G | 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6H | 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6K | 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
| 6L | 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6M | 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6N | 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6P | 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6R | 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6S | 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6T | 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6U | 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6V | 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 contact inputs
CT/VT MODULES | 8L | Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
(not available for the C30) | 8N | Standard 8CT with enhanced diagnostics
| 8M | Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
| 8R | Sensitive Ground 8CT with enhanced diagnostics
| 8V | Standard 8VT with enhanced diagnostics (only one module supported)
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS | 2A | C37.94SM, 1300 nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode
| 2B | C37.94SM, 1300 nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode
| 2E | Bi-phase, single channel
| 2F | Bi-phase, dual channel
| 2G | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 2H | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 2I | Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, multimode, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 2J | Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, multimode, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser

UR - ** - *
| 72 | 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser, 1 Channel
| 74 | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 75 | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode Laser
| 76 | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 77 | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7A | 820 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 7B | 1300 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 7C | 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel
| 7D | 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser, 1 Channel
| 7E | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multimode
| 7F | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multimode
| 7G | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED
2
| 7H | 820 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7I | 1300 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7J | 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels
| 7K | 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser, 2 Channels
| 7L | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multimode, LED
| 7M | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multimode, LED
| 7N | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
| 7P | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 7Q | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode Laser
| 7R | G.703, 1 Channel
| 7S | G.703, 2 Channels
| 7T | RS422, 1 Channel
| 7W | RS422, 2 Channels
TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS | 5A | 4 DCmA inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed)
| 5C | 8 RTD inputs
| 5D | 4 RTD inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed)
| 5E | 4 DCmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs
| 5F | 8 DCmA inputs
Table 2-9: UR order codes for replacement modules, vertical units

UR - ** - *
POWER SUPPLY | SH B| 125 / 300 V AC/DC
| SL V| 24 to 48 V (DC only)
CPU | T | RS485 with 3 100Base-FX Ethernet, multimode, SFP with LC
| U | RS485 with 1 100Base-TX Ethernet, SFP RJ-45 + 2 100Base-FX Ethernet, multimode, SFP with LC
| V | RS485 with 3 100Base-TX Ethernet, SFP with RJ-45
FACEPLATE/DISPLAY | 3F | Vertical faceplate with keypad and English display
| 3D | Vertical faceplate with keypad and French display
| 3R | Vertical faceplate with keypad and Russian display
| 3A | Vertical faceplate with keypad and Chinese display
| 3K | Enhanced front panel with English display
| 3M | Enhanced front panel with French display
| 3Q | Enhanced front panel with Russian display
| 3U | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display
| 3L | Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3N | Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3T | Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3V | Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons
| 3I | Enhanced front panel with German display
| 3J | Enhanced front panel with German display and user-programmable pushbuttons
CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS | 4A | 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs
| 4B | 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs
| 4C | 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs
| 4D | 16 Contact inputs with Auto-Burnishing
| 4L | 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs
| 67 | 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs
| 6A | 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6B | 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6C | 8 Form-C outputs
| 6D | 16 Contact inputs
| 6E | 4 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6F | 8 Fast Form-C outputs
| 6G | 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6H | 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6K | 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
| 6L | 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6M | 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6N | 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6P | 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6R | 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6S | 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6T | 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 contact inputs
| 6U | 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 contact inputs
| 6V | 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 contact inputs
CT/VT MODULES | 8L | Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
(not available for the C30) | 8N | Standard 8CT with enhanced diagnostics
| 8M | Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
| 8R | Sensitive Ground 8CT with enhanced diagnostics
| 8V | Standard 8VT with enhanced diagnostics
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS | 2A | C37.94SM, 1300 nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode
| 2B | C37.94SM, 1300 nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode
| 2E | Bi-phase, single channel
| 2F | Bi-phase, dual channel
| 2G | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 2H | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 2I | Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, multimode, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 2J | Channel 1 - IEEE C37.94, multimode, 64/128 kbps; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 74 | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 75 | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode Laser
| 76 | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 77 | IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7A | 820 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 7B | 1300 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel
| 7C | 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel

CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SIGNAL PROCESSING
UR - ** - *
| 7D | 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser, 1 Channel
| 7E | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multimode
| 7F | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multimode
| 7G | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED
| 7H | 820 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7I | 1300 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels
| 7J | 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels
| 7K | 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser, 2 Channels
| 7L | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multimode, LED
| 7M | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multimode, LED
| 7N | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
| 7P | Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, Laser
| 7Q | Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode Laser
2
| 7R | G.703, 1 Channel
| 7S | G.703, 2 Channels
| 7T | RS422, 1 Channel
| 7W | RS422, 2 Channels
TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS | 5A | 4 DCmA inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed)
| 5C | 8 RTD inputs
| 5D | 4 RTD inputs, 4 DCmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed)
| 5E | 4 DCmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs
| 5F | 8 DCmA inputs
2.4 Signal processing

2.4.1 UR signal processing
The UR series relays are microprocessor-based protective relays that are designed to measure power system conditions
directly via CT and PT inputs and via other sources of information, such as analog inputs, communications inputs and
contact inputs. The following figure shows the overall signal processing in URs.
An analog low pass anti-aliasing filter with a 3 dB corner frequency is set at 2.4 kHz and is used for current and voltage
analog filtering as well as signal conditioning. The same filtering is applied for phase, ground currents, phase-to-phase
(when applicable), and auxiliary voltages. The 2.4 kHz cut-off frequency applies to both 50 Hz and 60 Hz applications and
fixed in the hardware, and thus is not dependent on the system nominal frequency setting.

SIGNAL PROCESSING CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Figure 2-3: UR signal processing
The UR samples its AC signals at 64 samples per cycle, that is, at 3840 Hz in 60 Hz systems, and 3200 Hz in 50 Hz systems.
The sampling rate is dynamically adjusted to the actual system frequency by an accurate and fast frequency tracking
system.
The A/D converter has the following ranges of AC signals:
Voltages:
Eq. 2-1
Currents:
Eq. 2-2
Current harmonics are estimated based on raw samples with the use of the full-cycle Fourier filter. Harmonics 2nd through
25th are estimated.

CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS
True RMS value for the current is calculated on a per-phase basis. The true RMS can be used for demand recording or as an
input signal to Time Overcurrent function, if the latter is intended for thermal protection. The true RMS is calculated as per
the widely accepted definition:
Eq. 2-3
RMS values include harmonics, inter-harmonics, DC components, and so on, along with fundamental frequency values.
The true RMS value reflects thermal effects of the current and is used for the thermal related monitoring and protection
2
functions.
Protection and control functions respond to phasors of the fundamental and/or harmonic frequency components
(magnitudes and angles), with an exception for some functions that have an option for RMS or fundamental
measurements, or some function responding to RMS only. This type of response is explained typically in each element's
section in the instruction manual.
Currents are pre-filtered using a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter. The filter is designed to reject DC components
and low-frequency distortions, without amplifying high-frequency noise. This filter is referred to as a modified MIMIC filter,
which provides excellent filtering and overall balance between speed and accuracy of filtering. The filter is cascaded with
the full-cycle Fourier filter for the current phasor estimation.
Voltages are pre-filtered using a patented Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter. The filter has been optimized to reject
voltage transformers specific distortions, such as Capacitive Voltage Transformer (CVT) noise and high-frequency
oscillatory components. The filter is cascaded with the half-cycle Fourier filter for the voltage phasor estimation.
The URs measure power system frequency using the Clarke transformation by estimating the period of the waveform from
two consecutive zero-crossings in the same direction (negative-to-positive). Voltage or current samples are pre-filtered
using a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter to remove high frequency noise contained in the signal. The period is
used after several security conditions are met, such as true RMS signal must be above 6% nominal for a certain time and
others. If these security conditions are not met, the last valid measurement is used for a specific time after which the UR
reverts to nominal system frequency.
Synchrophasors are calculated using a patented convolution integral algorithm. This algorithm allows use of the same
time-stamped samples, which are used for protection and taken at the same sampling frequency. This allows URs to use
one sampling clock for both protection algorithms and synchrophasors.
Synchrophasors on firmware versions 7.23 and up have been tested and certified to meet IEEE C.37.118-2011 and
C.37.118.1a-2014 standards for both metering and protection classes with outputs available up to 60 synchrophasors per
second for the metering class and 120 synchrophasors per second for the protection class. Synchrophasors measurement
are also available via IEC 61850-90-5 protocol.
Contact inputs threshold is settable in the firmware with 17, 33, 84, 166 VDC settings available. Inputs are scanned every
0.5 ms and can be conditioned for the critical applications, using debounce time timer, settable from 0.0 ms to 16.0 ms.
Contact inputs with auto-burnishing are available as well, when external contacts are exposed to the contamination in a
harsh industrial environment.
All measured values are available in the UR metering section on the front panel and via communications protocols.
Measured analog values and binary signals can be captured in COMTRADE format with sampling rates from 8 to 64
samples per power cycle. Analog values can be captured with Data Logger, allowing much slower rates extended over
long period of time.
Other advanced UR order code options are available to support IEC 61850 Ed2.0 (including fast GOOSE, MMS server, 61850
services, ICD/CID/IID files, and so on), IEEE 1588 (IEEE C37.238 power profile) based time synchronization, CyberSentry
(advanced cyber security), the Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP), IEC 60870-5-103, and so on.
2.5 Specifications
Specifications are subject to change without notice.

SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.5.1 Protection elements

The operating times include the activation time of a trip rated form-A output contact unless otherwise indicated. FlexLogic
operands of a given element are 4 ms faster. Take this into account when using FlexLogic to interconnect with other
protection or control elements of the relay, building FlexLogic equations, or interfacing with other intelligent electronic
devices (IEDs) or power system devices via communications or different output contacts. If not specified, the operate times
given here are for a 60 Hz system at nominal system frequency. Operate times for a 50 Hz system are 1.2 times longer.
2 PHASE DISTANCE
Characteristic: mho (memory polarized or offset) or quad (memory polarized or non-directional), selectable indi-
vidually per zone
Number of zones: 5
Directionality: forward, reverse, or non-directional per zone
Reach (secondary Ω): 0.02 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Reach accuracy: ±5% including the effect of CVT transients up to an SIR of 30
Distance:
Characteristic angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Comparator limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Directional supervision:
Limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Right blinder (Quad only):
Reach: 0.02 to 500 Ω in steps of 0.01
Left Blinder (Quad only):
Time delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Timer accuracy: ±3% of operate time or ±1/4 cycle (whichever is greater)
Current supervision:
Level: line-to-line current
Pickup: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Dropout: 97 to 98%
Memory duration: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1
VT location: all delta-wye and wye-delta transformers
CT location: all delta-wye and wye-delta transformers
Voltage supervision pickup (series compensation applications):
0 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001

PHASE DISTANCE OPERATING TIME CURVES

The operating times are response times of a microprocessor part of the relay. See output contacts specifications for estimation of the
total response time for a particular application. The operating times are average times including variables such as fault inception angle
or type of a voltage source (magnetic VTs and CVTs). The figure shows zone 1 distance time curves for a 60 Hz system at nominal system
frequency.
GROUND DISTANCE
Characteristic: Mho (memory polarized or offset) or Quad (memory polarized or non-directional), selectable indi-
vidually per zone
Reactance polarization: negative-sequence or zero-sequence current
Non-homogeneity angle: –40 to 40° in steps of 1
Number of zones: 5
Directionality: forward, reverse, or non-directional per zone
Reach (secondary Ω): 0.02 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Distance characteristic angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Distance comparator limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Directional supervision:
Limit angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1
Zero-sequence compensation
Z0/Z1 magnitude: 0.00 to 10.00 in steps of 0.01
Z0/Z1 angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
Zero-sequence mutual compensation
Z0M/Z1 magnitude: 0.00 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01
Z0M/Z1 angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
Right blinder (Quad only):
Left blinder (Quad only):
Time delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Level: neutral current (3I_0)
Pickup: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Dropout: 97 to 98%
Memory duration: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1

Voltage supervision pickup (series compensation applications):

0 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001
GROUND DISTANCE OPERATING TIME CURVES

The operating times are response times of a microprocessor part of the relay. See output contacts specifications for estimation of the
total response time for a particular application. The operating times are average times including variables such as fault inception angle
or type of a voltage source (magnetic VTs and CVTs). The figure shows zone 1 ground distance time curves for a 60 Hz system at nominal
system frequency.
2
LINE PICKUP
Phase instantaneous overcurrent: 0.020 to 30.000 pu
Undervoltage pickup: 0.004 to 3.000 pu
Overvoltage delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s
PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND TOC
Current: Phasor or RMS
Pickup level: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Dropout level: 97% to 98% of pickup
Level accuracy:
0.1 to 2.0 × CT: ±0.5% of reading or ±0.4% of rated (whichever is greater)
> 2.0 × CT: ±1.5% of reading > 2.0 × CT rating
Curve shapes: IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short Inverse; GE IAC Inverse,
Short/Very/ Extremely Inverse; I2t; FlexCurves™ (programmable); Definite Time (0.01 s base
curve)
Curve multiplier: Time Dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
Reset type: Instantaneous/Timed (per IEEE)
Curve timing accuracy at 1.03 to 20 x pickup:
±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle (whichever is greater) from pickup to operate
Voltage restraint: Modifies pickup current for voltage in the range of 0.1 < V < 0.9 VT Nominal in a fixed linear rela-
tionship
PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND IOC
Dropout level: 97 to 98% of pickup
Level accuracy:
0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.5% of reading or ±0.4% of rated (whichever is greater)

> 2.0 × CT rating: ±1.5% of reading

Overreach: <2%
Pickup delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Reset delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Operate time: <16 ms at 3 × pickup at 60 Hz (Phase/Ground IOC)
<20 ms at 3 × pickup at 60 Hz (Neutral IOC)
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC

Pickup level: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 2
Dropout level: 97% to 98% of pickup
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading or ±0.4% of rated (whichever is greater)
from 0.1 to 2.0 x CT rating
±1.5% of reading > 2.0 x CT rating
Curve shapes: IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short Inverse; GE IAC Inverse,
Short/Very/ Extremely Inverse; I2t; FlexCurves™ (programmable); Definite Time (0.01 s base
curve)
Curve multiplier (Time dial): 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
Reset type: Instantaneous/Timed (per IEEE) and Linear
Curve timing accuracy
at 1.03 to 20 x pickup: ±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle (whichever is greater) from pickup to operate
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC

Level accuracy: 0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.5% of reading or ±0.4% of rated (whichever is greater); >2.0 × CT rating:
±1.5% of reading
Overreach: <2%
Operate time: <20 ms at 3 × pickup at 60 Hz
PHASE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

Relay connection: 90° (quadrature)
Quadrature voltage: ABC phase seq.: phase A (VBC), phase B (VCA), phase C (VAB); ACB phase seq.: phase A (VCB), phase
B (VAC), phase C (VBA)
Polarizing voltage threshold: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Current sensitivity threshold: 0.05 pu
Angle accuracy: ±2°
Operation time (FlexLogic operands):
Tripping (reverse load, forward fault): <12 ms, typically
Blocking (forward load, reverse fault): <8 ms, typically
NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

Directionality: Co-existing forward and reverse
Polarizing: Voltage, Current, Dual, Dual-V, Dual-I
Polarizing voltage: V_0 or VX
Polarizing current: IG
Operating current: I_0
Level sensing: 3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|), IG
Restraint, K: 0.000 to 0.500 in steps of 0.001
Characteristic angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1
Limit angle: 40 to 90° in steps of 1, independent for forward and reverse
Offset impedance: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01

Dropout level: 97 to 98%

Operation time: <16 ms at 3 × pickup at 60 Hz
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC

Directionality: Co-existing forward and reverse
Polarizing: Voltage
Polarizing voltage: V_2
Operating current: I_2
2 Level sensing:
Zero-sequence: |I_0| – K × |I_1|
Negative-sequence: |I_2| – K × |I_1|
Restraint, K: 0.000 to 0.500 in steps of 0.001
Limit angle: 40 to 90° in steps of 1, independent for forward and reverse
Offset impedance: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Dropout level: 97 to 98%
Operation time: <16 ms at 3 × pickup at 60 Hz
WATTMETRIC ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL

Measured power: zero-sequence
Number of elements: 2
Minimum power: 0.001 to 1.200 pu in steps of 0.001
Pickup level accuracy: ±1% or ±0.0025 pu, whichever is greater
Hysteresis: 3% or 0.001 pu, whichever is greater
Pickup delay: definite time (0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01), inverse time, or FlexCurve
Inverse time multiplier: 0.01 to 2.00 s in steps of 0.01
Curve timing accuracy: ±3.5% of operate time or ±1 cycle (whichever is greater) from pickup to operate
Operate time: <30 ms at 60 Hz
PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE
Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V
Curve shapes: GE IAV Inverse;
Definite Time (0.1s base curve)
Curve multiplier: Time dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
Curve timing accuracy at <0.90 x pickup:
±3.5% of operate time or ±1/2 cycle (whichever is greater) from pickup to operate
Operate time: <30 ms at 0.9 pickup at 60 Hz for Definite Time mode
AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE
Curve shapes: GE IAV Inverse, Definite Time
Curve multiplier: Time Dial = 0 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
Curve timing accuracy at <0.90 x pickup:
±3.5% of operate time or ±1/2 cycle (whichever is greater) from pickup to operate
Operate time: <30 ms at 0.9 pickup at 60 Hz for Definite Time mode
PHASE OVERVOLTAGE
Pickup delay: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 s

Operate time: <30 ms at 1.10 × pickup at 60 Hz

NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE
Pickup delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 (definite time) or user-defined curve
Curve timing accuracy at >1.1 pickup: ±3.5% of operate time or ±1 cycle (whichever is greater) from pickup to operate 2
Operate time: <30 ms at 1.10 pickup at 60 Hz
AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE
Pickup delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
Reset delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERVOLTAGE

Timer accuracy: ±3% of operate time or ±20 ms, whichever is greater
UNDERFREQUENCY
Minimum signal: 0.10 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01
Pickup level: 20.00 to 65.00 Hz in steps of 0.01
Dropout level: pickup + 0.03 Hz
Level accuracy: ±0.001 Hz
Time delay: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Operate time: typically 4 cycles at 0.1 Hz/s change
typically 3.5 cycles at 0.3 Hz/s change
typically 3 cycles at 0.5 Hz/s change
Typical times are average operate times including variables such as frequency change instance, test method, and so on, and can vary by
±0.5 cycles.
RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY

df/dt trend: increasing, decreasing, bi-directional
df/dt pickup level: 0.10 to 15.00 Hz/s in steps of 0.01
df/dt dropout level: 96% of pickup
df/dt level accuracy: 80 mHz/s or 3.5%, whichever is greater
Overvoltage supv.: 0.100 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Overcurrent supv.: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
95% settling time for df/dt: <24 cycles

Operate time: typically 9.5 cycles at 2 × pickup

typically 8.5 cycles at 3 × pickup
typically 6.5 cycles at 5 × pickup
Typical times are average operate times including variables such as frequency change instance, test method, and so on, and can vary by
±0.5 cycles.
BREAKER ARCING CURRENT

Principle: accumulates breaker duty (I2t) and measures fault duration
2 Initiation: programmable per phase from any FlexLogic operand
Compensation for auxiliary relays: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
Alarm threshold: 0 to 50000 kA2-cycle in steps of 1
Fault duration accuracy: 0.25 of a power cycle
Availability: 1 per CT bank with a minimum of 2
INCIPIENT CABLE FAULT DETECTION

Principle: detection of ½ cycle or less overcurrent condition during normal load
Availability: two per CT/VT module (not including 8Z modules)
Operating mode: number of counts, counts per time window
SYNCHROCHECK
Max voltage difference: 0 to 400000 V in steps of 1
Max angle difference: 0 to 100° in steps of 1
Max freq. difference: 0.00 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01
Hysteresis for max. freq. diff.: 0.00 to 0.10 Hz in steps of 0.01
Dead source function: None, LV1 & DV2, DV1 & LV2, DV1 or DV2, DV1 xor DV2, DV1 & DV2 (L = Live, D = Dead)
S-CLS MAX dF: 0.10 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01
S-CLS MIN dF: 0.00 to 1.00 Hz in steps of 0.01
V2 MAG CORR FACTOR: 0.10 to 10.00 in steps of 0.01
V2 ANGLE SHIFT: -180° to +180° in steps of 1°
AUTORECLOSURE
Single breaker applications, 3-pole tripping schemes
Up to four reclose attempts before lockout
Independent dead time setting before each shot
Possibility of changing protection settings after each shot with FlexLogic
POWER SWING DETECT

Functions: Power swing block, out-of-step trip
Characteristic: Mho or Quad
Measured impedance: Positive-sequence
Blocking / tripping modes: 2-step or 3-step
Tripping mode: Early or Delayed
Fwd / reverse reach (sec. Ω): 0.10 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Left and right blinders (sec. Ω): 0.10 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Impedance accuracy: ±5%
Fwd / reverse angle impedances: 40 to 90° in steps of 1
Characteristic limit angles: 40 to 140° in steps of 1
Timers: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

LOAD ENCROACHMENT
Responds to: Positive-sequence quantities
Minimum voltage: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Reach (sec. Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01
Impedance accuracy: ±5%
Angle: 5 to 50° in steps of 1
Reset delay:
Timer accuracy:
0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
±3% of operate time or ±1/4 cycle (whichever is greater)
2
THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION

Thermal overload curves: IEC 255-8 curve
Base current: 0.20 to 3.00 pu in steps of 0.01
Overload (k) factor: 1.00 to 1.20 pu in steps of 0.05
Trip time constant: 0 to 1000 min. in steps of 1
Reset time constant: 0 to 1000 min. in steps of 1
Minimum reset time: 0 to 1000 min. in steps of 1
Timer accuracy (cold curve): ±100 ms or 2%, whichever is greater
Timer accuracy (hot curve): ±500 ms or 2%, whichever is greater for Ip < 0.9 × k × Ib and I / (k × Ib) > 1.1
TRIP BUS (TRIP WITHOUT FLEXLOGIC)

Number of inputs: 16
Timer accuracy: ±3% or 10 ms, whichever is greater
2.5.2 User-programmable elements

FLEXLOGIC
Programming language: Reverse Polish Notation with graphical visualization (keypad programmable)
Lines of code: 1024
Internal variables: 64
Supported operations: NOT, XOR, OR (2 to 16 inputs), AND (2 to 16 inputs), NOR (2 to 16 inputs), NAND (2 to 16 inputs),
latch (reset-dominant), edge detectors, timers
Inputs: any logical variable, contact, or virtual input
Number of timers: 32
Pickup delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1
Dropout delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1
FLEXCURVES™
Number: 4 (A through D)
Reset points: 40 (0 through 1 of pickup)
Operate points: 80 (1 through 20 of pickup)
Time delay: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1
FLEX STATES
Number: up to 256 logical variables grouped under 16 Modbus addresses
Programmability: any logical variable, contact, or virtual input
FLEXELEMENTS™
Operating signal: any analog actual value, or two values in differential mode
Operating signal mode: signed or absolute value
Operating mode: level, delta

Comparator direction: over, under

Pickup Level: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001
Hysteresis: 0.1 to 50.0% in steps of 0.1
Delta dt: 20 ms to 60 days
Pickup and dropout delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
NON-VOLATILE LATCHES
Type: set-dominant or reset-dominant
2 Number:
Output:
16 (individually programmed)
stored in non-volatile memory
Execution sequence: as input prior to protection, control, and FlexLogic
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs
Number: 48 plus trip and alarm
Programmability: from any logical variable, contact, or virtual input
Reset mode: self-reset or latched
LED TEST
Initiation: from any contact input or user-programmable condition
Number of tests: 3, interruptible at any time
Duration of full test: approximately 3 minutes
Test sequence 1: all LEDs on
Test sequence 2: all LEDs off, one LED at a time on for 1 s
Test sequence 3: all LEDs on, one LED at a time off for 1 s
USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
Number of displays: 16
Lines of display: 2 × 20 alphanumeric characters
Parameters: up to 5, any Modbus register addresses
Invoking and scrolling: keypad, or any user-programmable condition, including pushbuttons
CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS
Number of pushbuttons: 7
Operation: drive FlexLogic operands
USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS (OPTIONAL)

Number of pushbuttons: 12 (standard faceplate);
16 (enhanced faceplate)
Mode: self-reset, latched
Display message: 2 lines of 20 characters each
Drop-out timer: 0.00 to 60.00 s in steps of 0.05
Autoreset timer: 0.2 to 600.0 s in steps of 0.1
Hold timer: 0.0 to 10.0 s in steps of 0.1
SELECTOR SWITCH
Upper position limit: 1 to 7 in steps of 1
Selecting mode: time-out or acknowledge
Time-out timer: 3.0 to 60.0 s in steps of 0.1
Control inputs: step-up and 3-bit
Power-up mode: restore from non-volatile memory or synchronize to a 3-bit control input or synch/restore mode
DIGITAL ELEMENTS
Operating signal: any FlexLogic operand
Dropout delay: 0.000 to 999999.999 s in steps of 0.001
Timing accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms, whichever is greater

2.5.3 Monitoring
OSCILLOGRAPHY
Maximum records: 64
Sampling rate: 64 samples per power cycle
Triggers: any element pickup, dropout, or operate; contact input change of state; contact output change
of state; FlexLogic equation
Data: AC input channels; element state; contact input state; contact output state
Data storage: in non-volatile memory 2
EVENT RECORDER
Capacity: 1024 events
Time-tag: to 1 microsecond
Triggers: any element pickup, dropout, or operate; contact input change of state; contact output change
of state; self-test events
Data storage: in non-volatile memory
DATA LOGGER
Number of channels: 1 to 16
Parameters: any available analog actual value
Sampling rate: 15 to 3600000 ms in steps of 1
Trigger: any FlexLogic operand
Mode: continuous or triggered
Storage capacity: (NN is dependent on memory)
1-second rate:
01 channel for NN days
16 channels for NN days
↓
60-minute rate:
01 channel for NN days
16 channels for NN days
FAULT LOCATOR
Number of independent fault locators: 1
Method: single-ended
Voltage source: wye-connected VTs, delta-connected VTs and neutral voltage, delta-connected VTs and zero-
sequence current (approximation)
Maximum accuracy if: fault resistance is zero or fault currents from all line terminals are in phase
Relay accuracy: ±1.5% (V > 10 V, I > 0.1 pu)
Worst-case accuracy:
VT%error + user data
CT%error + user data
ZLine%error + user data
RELAY ACCURACY%error + 1.5%
2.5.4 Metering
RMS CURRENT: PHASE, NEUTRAL, AND GROUND
Accuracy at
0.1 to 2.0 × CT rating: ±0.25% of reading or ±0.1% of rated (whichever is greater)
> 2.0 × CT rating: ±1.0% of reading
RMS VOLTAGE
Accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V

REAL POWER (WATTS)

Accuracy at 0.1 to 1.5 x CT rating and 0.8 to 1.2 x VT rating:
±1.0% of reading at –1.0 ≤ PF < –0.8 and 0.8 < PF ≤ 10
REACTIVE POWER (VARS)

±1.0% of reading at –0.2 ≤ PF ≤ 0.2
2 APPARENT POWER (VA)

±1.0% of reading
FREQUENCY
Accuracy at
V = 0.8 to 1.2 pu: ±0.001 Hz (when voltage signal is used for frequency measurement)
I = 0.1 to 0.25 pu: ±0.005 Hz
I > 0.25 pu: ±0.02 Hz (when current signal is used for frequency measurement)
2.5.5 Inputs
AC CURRENT
CT rated primary: 1 to 50000 A
CT rated secondary: 1 A or 5 A by connection
Relay burden: < 0.2 VA at rated secondary
Conversion range:
Standard CT: 0.02 to 46 × CT rating RMS symmetrical
Sensitive Ground CT module: 0.002 to 4.6 × CT rating RMS symmetrical
Current withstand: 20 ms at 250 times rated
1 sec at 100 times rated
continuous 4xInom
Short circuit rating: 150000 RMS symmetrical amperes, 250 V maximum (primary current to external CT)
AC VOLTAGE
VT rated secondary: 50.0 to 240.0 V
VT ratio: 1.00 to 24000.00
Relay burden: < 0.25 VA at 120 V
Conversion range: 1 to 275 V
Voltage withstand: continuous at 260 V to neutral
1 min/hr at 420 V to neutral
FREQUENCY
Nominal frequency setting: 25 to 60 Hz
Sampling frequency: 64 samples per power cycle
Tracking frequency range: 20 to 70 Hz
CONTACT INPUTS
Dry contacts: 1000 Ω maximum
Wet contacts: 300 V DC maximum
Selectable thresholds: 17 V, 33 V, 84 V, 166 V
Tolerance: ±10%
Contacts per common return: 4
Recognition time: < 1 ms
Debounce time: 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5
Continuous current draw: 4 mA (when energized)
CONTACT INPUTS WITH AUTO-BURNISHING

Dry contacts: 1000 Ω maximum

Wet contacts: 300 V DC maximum

Selectable thresholds: 17 V, 33 V, 84 V, 166 V
Tolerance: ±10%
Contacts per common return: 2
Recognition time: < 1 ms
Debounce time: 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5
Continuous current draw: 4 mA (when energized)
Auto-burnish impulse current: 50 to 70 mA
Duration of auto-burnish impulse: 25 to 50 ms
2
DCMA INPUTS
Current input (mA DC): 0 to –1, 0 to +1, –1 to +1, 0 to 5, 0 to 10, 0 to 20, 4 to 20 (programmable)
Input impedance: 379 Ω ±10%
Conversion range: –1 to + 20 mA DC
Accuracy: ±0.2% of full scale
Type: Passive
RTD INPUTS
Types (3-wire): 100 Ω Platinum, 100 and 120 Ω Nickel, 10 Ω Copper
Sensing current: 5 mA
Range: –50 to +250°C
Accuracy: ±2°C
Isolation: 36 V pk-pk
IRIG-B INPUT
IRIG formats accepted: B000…B007, B120…B127
IRIG control bits: IEEE Std C37.118.1-2011
Amplitude modulation: 1 to 10 V pk-pk
DC shift: TTL–Compatible
Input impedance: 50 kΩ
Isolation: 2 kV
DIRECT INPUTS
Input points: 32
Remote devices: 16
Default states on loss of comms.: On, Off, Latest/Off, Latest/On
Ring configuration: Yes, No
Data rate: 64 or 128 kbps
CRC: 32-bit
CRC alarm:
Responding to: Rate of messages failing the CRC
Monitoring message count: 10 to 10000 in steps of 1
Alarm threshold: 1 to 1000 in steps of 1
Unreturned message alarm:
Responding to: Rate of unreturned messages in the ring configuration
Monitoring message count: 10 to 10000 in steps of 1
Alarm threshold: 1 to 1000 in steps of 1
TELEPROTECTION
Input points: 16
Remote devices: 3
Default states on loss of comms.: On, Off, Latest/Off, Latest/On
Ring configuration: No
Data rate: 64 or 128 kbps
CRC: 32-bit

2.5.6 Power supply

LOW RANGE
Nominal DC voltage: 24 to 48 V
Minimum DC voltage: 20 V
Maximum DC voltage: 75 V for SL power supply module
Voltage loss hold-up: 200 ms duration at maximum load
NOTE: Low range is DC only.
2 HIGH RANGE
Nominal DC voltage: 125 to 250 V
Minimum DC voltage: 88 V
Maximum DC voltage: 300 V
Nominal AC voltage: 100 to 240 V at 50/60 Hz
Minimum AC voltage: 88 V at 25 to 100 Hz
Maximum AC voltage: 265 V at 25 to 100 Hz
Voltage loss hold-up: 200 ms duration at maximum load
ALL RANGES
Volt withstand: 2 × Highest Nominal Voltage for 10 ms
Power consumption: typical = 15 to 20 W/VA
maximum = 45 W/VA
contact factory for exact order code consumption
INTERNAL FUSE
Ratings:
Low range power supply: 8 A / 250 V
High range power supply: 4 A / 250 V
Interrupting capacity:
AC: 100 000 A RMS symmetrical
DC: 10 000 A
2.5.7 Outputs
FORM-A RELAY
Make and carry for 0.2 s: 30 A as per ANSI C37.90
Carry continuous: 6A
Break (DC inductive, L/R = 40 ms):
Voltage Current
24 V 1A
48 V 0.5 A
125 V 0.3 A
250 V 0.2 A
Operate time: < 4 ms

Contact material: silver alloy
LATCHING RELAY
Carry continuous: 6 A as per IEEE C37.90

Break (DC resistive as per IEC61810-1):
Voltage Current
24 V 6A
48 V 1.6 A
125 V 0.4 A
250 V 0.2 A
Operate time:
Contact material:
< 4 ms
silver alloy
2
Control: separate operate and reset inputs
Control mode: operate-dominant or reset-dominant
FORM-A VOLTAGE MONITOR

Applicable voltage: approx. 15 to 250 V DC
Trickle current: approx. 1 to 2.5 mA
FORM-A CURRENT MONITOR

Threshold current: approx. 80 to 100 mA
FORM-C AND CRITICAL FAILURE RELAY

Carry continuous: 8A
Break (DC inductive, L/R = 40 ms):
Voltage Current
24 V 1A
48 V 0.5 A
125 V 0.3 A
250 V 0.2 A
Operate time: < 8 ms

Contact material: silver alloy
FAST FORM-C RELAY

Make and carry: 0.1 A max. (resistive load)
Minimum load impedance:
Input voltage Impedance

2 W Resistor 1 W Resistor
250 V DC 20 KΩ 50 KΩ
120 V DC 5 KΩ 2 KΩ
48 V DC 2 KΩ 2 KΩ
24 V DC 2 KΩ 2 KΩ
Note: values for 24 V and 48 V are the same due to a
required 95% voltage drop across the load
impedance.
Operate time: < 0.6 ms

Internal Limiting Resistor: 100 Ω, 2 W
SOLID-STATE OUTPUT RELAY

Operate and release time: <100 µs
Maximum voltage: 265 V DC
Maximum leakage current in off state
(excluding voltage monitor circuit current): 100 µA
Maximum continuous current: 5 A at 45°C; 4 A at 65°C

Make and carry:

for 0.2 s: 30 A as per ANSI C37.90
for 0.03 s: 300 A
Breaking capacity:
Specification UL 508 Utility application Industrial application

(autoreclose scheme)
Operations per 5000 operations, 5 operations 10000 operations
interval 1 second on, 0.2 seconds on 0.2 seconds on
2 9 seconds off 0.2 seconds off
within 1 minute
30 seconds off
1000 operations
0.5 seconds on,
0.5 seconds off
Break capability 3.2 A at L/R = 10 ms 10 A at L/R = 40 ms 10 A at L/R = 40 ms
(0 to 250 V DC)
1.6 A at L/R = 20 ms
0.8 A
L/R = 40 ms
CONTROL POWER EXTERNAL OUTPUT (FOR DRY CONTACT INPUT)

Capacity: 100 mA DC at 48 V DC
Isolation: ±300 Vpk
DIRECT OUTPUTS
Output points: 32
DCMA OUTPUTS
Range: –1 to 1 mA, 0 to 1 mA, 4 to 20 mA
Max. load resistance: 12 kΩ for –1 to 1 mA range
12 kΩ for 0 to 1 mA range
600 Ω for 4 to 20 mA range
Accuracy: ±0.75% of full-scale for 0 to 1 mA range
±0.5% of full-scale for –1 to 1 mA range
±0.75% of full-scale for 0 to 20 mA range
99% Settling time to a step change: 100 ms
Isolation: 1.5 kV
Driving signal: any FlexAnalog quantity
Upper and lower limit for the driving signal: –90 to 90 pu in steps of 0.001
2.5.8 Communication protocols

IEC 61850
IEC 61850: Supports IEC 61850 Edition 2.0. See the UR Family Communications Guide and its conformance
statements.
RS232
Front port: 19.2 or 115.2 kbps, Modbus RTU
RS485
1 rear port: up to 115 kbps, Modbus RTU, DNP 3, IEC 60870-5-103
Typical distance: 1200 m
Isolation: 2 kV, isolated together at 36 Vpk

FIBER ETHERNET PORT

Parameter Fiber type
100 Mb multimode
Wavelength 1310 nm
Connector LC
Transmit power –20 dBm
Receiver sensitivity –30 dBm
Power budget 10 dB 2
Maximum input power –14 dBm
Typical distance 2 km
Full duplex yes
Redundancy yes
ETHERNET (10/100 MB TWISTED PAIR)

Modes: 10 Mb, 10/100 Mb (auto-detect)
Connector: RJ45
SIMPLE NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL (SNTP)

Clock synchronization error: <10 ms (typical)
PRECISION TIME PROTOCOL (PTP)

PTP IEEE Std 1588 2008 (version 2)
Power Profile (PP) per IEEE Standard PC37.238TM2011
Slave-only ordinary clock
Peer delay measurement mechanism
PARALLEL REDUNDANCY PROTOCOL (PRP)

(IEC 62439-3 CLAUSE 4, 2012)
Ethernet ports used: 2 and 3
Networks supported: 10/100 Mb Ethernet
OTHER
TFTP, SFTP, HTTP, IEC 60870-5-104, Ethernet Global Data (EGD), IEEE C37.118
2.5.9 Inter-relay communications

SHIELDED TWISTED-PAIR INTERFACE OPTIONS
Interface type Typical distance
RS422 1200 m
G.703 100 m
RS422 distance is based on transmitter power and does not take into consideration the clock source provided by
the user.
LINK POWER BUDGET AND MAXIMUM OPTICAL INPUT POWER

The following specifications apply to filter interface modules manufactured from January 2012.
Emitter, fiber type Cable type Transmit power Received Power budget Maximum
sensitivity optical input
power
820 nm, Multimode 62.5/125 μm -16 dBm -32 dBm 16 dBm -8 dBm
50/125 μm -20 dBm 12 dBm

Emitter, fiber type Cable type Transmit power Received Power budget Maximum
sensitivity optical input
power
1300 nm, Multimode 62.5/125 μm -16 dBm -32 dBm 16 dBm -8 dBm
50/125 μm -20 dBm 12 dBm
1300 nm, Single 9/125 μm -15 dBm -32 dBm 17 dBm -8 dBm
mode
2 1300 nm Laser,
Single mode
9/125 μm 0 dBm -34 dBm 34 dBm -8 dBm
1550 nm Laser, 9/125 μm 5 dBm -34 dBm 39 dBm -10 dBm

Single mode
The following specifications apply to filter interface modules implemented before January 2012.
Emitter, fiber type Transmit Received Power budget Maximum optical

power sensitivity input power
820 nm LED, Multimode –20 dBm –30 dBm 10 dB –7.6 dBm
1300 nm LED, Multimode –21 dBm –30 dBm 9 dB –11 dBm
1300 nm ELED, Single mode –23 dBm –32 dBm 9 dB –14 dBm
1300 nm Laser, Single mode –1 dBm –30 dBm 29 dB –14 dBm
1550 nm Laser, Single mode +5 dBm –30 dBm 35 dB –14 dBm
The power budgets are calculated from the manufacturer’s worst-case transmitter power and worst case receiver
sensitivity.
The power budgets for the 1300 nm ELED are calculated from the manufacturer's transmitter power and receiver
sensitivity at ambient temperature. At extreme temperatures these values deviate based on component tolerance.
On average, the output power decreases as the temperature is increased by a factor of 1 dB / 5 °C.
TYPICAL LINK DISTANCE

Emitter, fiber type Cable type Connector Typical distance
type
Before From
January January
2012 2012
820 nm LED, 62.5/125 μm ST 1.65 km 2 km
multimode
50/125 μm ST 1.65 km 2 km
1300 nm LED, 62.5/125 μm ST 4 km 5 km
multimode
50/125 μm ST 4 km 5 km
1300 nm ELED, 9/125 μm ST 11.4 km 20 km
single mode
1300 nm Laser, 9/125 μm ST 64 km 65 km
single mode
1550 nm Laser, 9/125 μm ST 105 km 125 km
single mode
Typical distances listed are based on the following assumptions for system loss. As actual losses vary from one
installation to another, the distance covered by your system can vary.
CONNECTOR LOSSES (TOTAL OF BOTH ENDS)

ST connector: 0.7 dB (each)
FIBER LOSSES
820 nm multimode: 3 dB/km

1300 nm multimode: 1 dB/km

1300 nm single mode: 0.35 dB/km
1550 nm single mode: 0.25 dB/km
Splice losses: one splice every 2 km at 0.05 dB loss per splice
SYSTEM MARGIN
3 dB additional loss added to calculations to compensate for all aging and other losses.
Compensated difference in transmitting and receiving (channel asymmetry) channel delays using GPS satellite clock: 10 ms
2
2.5.10 CyberSentry security
OPTIONS
Software options: Level 1
2.5.11 Environmental
AMBIENT TEMPERATURES
Storage temperature: –40 to 85°C
Operating temperature: –40 to 60°C; the LCD contrast can be impaired at temperatures less than –20°C
HUMIDITY
Humidity: operating up to 95% (non-condensing) at 55°C (as per IEC60068-2-30 variant 1, 6 days)
OTHER
Altitude: 2000 m (maximum)
Pollution degree: II
Overvoltage category: II
Ingress protection: IP20 front, IP10 back
Noise: 0 dB

2.5.12 Type tests

D30 TYPE TESTS
Test Reference standard Test level
1
Dielectric voltage withstand EN 60255-5 2.2 kV
Impulse voltage withstand EN 60255-51 5 kV
2 Damped oscillatory
Electrostatic discharge
IEC 61000-4-18 / IEC 60255-22-1
EN 61000-4-2 / IEC 60255-22-2
2.5 kV CM, 1 kV DM
Level 3
RF immunity EN 61000-4-3 / IEC 60255-22-3 Level 3
Fast transient disturbance EN 61000-4-4 / IEC 60255-22-4 Class A and B
Surge immunity EN 61000-4-5 / IEC 60255-22-5 Level 3 and 4
Conducted RF immunity EN 61000-4-6 / IEC 60255-22-6 Level 3
1
Power frequency immunity EN 61000-4-7 / IEC 60255-22-7 Class A and B
Voltage interruption and ripple DC IEC 60255-11 12% ripple, 200 ms interrupts
Radiated and conducted emissions CISPR11 / CISPR22 / IEC 60255-25 Class A
Sinusoidal vibration IEC 60255-21-1 Class 1
Shock and bump IEC 60255-21-2 Class 1
Seismic IEC 60255-21-3 Class 1
Power magnetic immunity IEC 61000-4-8 Level 5
Pulse magnetic immunity IEC 61000-4-9 Level 4
Damped magnetic immunity IEC 61000-4-10 Level 4
Voltage dip and interruption IEC 61000-4-11 0, 40, 70, 80% dips; 250 / 300 cycle interrupts
Damped oscillatory IEC 61000-4-121 2.5 kV CM, 1 kV DM
Conducted RF immunity, 0 to 150 kHz IEC 61000-4-16 Level 4
Voltage ripple IEC 61000-4-17 15% ripple
1
Ingress protection IEC 60529 IP20 front, IP10 back
Cold IEC 60068-2-1 –40°C for 16 hours
Hot IEC 60068-2-2 85°C for 16 hours
Humidity IEC 60068-2-30 6 days, variant 1
Damped oscillatory IEEE/ANSI C37.90.1 2.5 kV, 1 MHz
RF immunity IEEE/ANSI C37.90.2 20 V/m, 80 MHz to 1 GHz
Safety UL 508 e83849 NKCR
Safety UL C22.2-14 e83849 NKCR7
Safety UL 1053 e83849 NKCR
Safety IEC 60255-27 Insulation: class 1, Pollution degree: 2, Over
voltage cat II
1 Not tested by third party.
2.5.13 Production tests

THERMAL
Products go through an environmental test based upon an Accepted Quality Level (AQL) sampling process.

2.5.14 Approvals
APPROVALS
Compliance Applicable council directive According to
CE Low voltage directive EN 60255-5
EMC directive EN 60255-26 / EN 50263
EN 61000-6-5
C-UL-US --- UL 508
UL 1053
2
C22.2 No. 14
2.5.15 Maintenance
MOUNTING
Attach mounting brackets using 20 inch-pounds (±2 inch-pounds) of torque.
CLEANING
Normally, cleaning is not required. When dust has accumulated on the faceplate display, wipe with a dry cloth.
To avoid deterioration of electrolytic capacitors, power up units that are stored in a de-energized
state once per year, for one hour continuously.


Chapter 3: Installation
Installation
This chapter outlines installation of hardware and software. You unpack, check, mount, and wire the unit, then install the
software and configure settings.
3.1 Unpack and inspect

Use this procedure to unpack and inspect the unit.
1. Open the relay package and check that the following items have been delivered:
– D30
– Mounting screws
– GE EnerVista™ DVD (software and documentation)
– D30 Instruction Manual (soft copy on DVD; printed copy if ordered)
– UR Family Communications Guide (soft copy on DVD; printed copy if Instruction Manual ordered)
– Certificate of Calibration
– Test Report
– EC Declaration of Conformity
2. Inspect the unit for physical damage.
3. View the rear nameplate and verify that the correct model has been delivered. The model number is at the top right.
4. For any issues, contact GE Grid Solutions as outlined in the For Further Assistance section in chapter 1.
5. Check that you have the latest copy of the D30 Instruction Manual and the UR Family Communications Guide, for the
applicable firmware version, at http://gegridsolutions.com/multilin/manuals/index.htm
The Instruction Manual outlines how to install, configure, and use the unit. The Communications Guide is for advanced use
with communication protocols. The warranty is included at the end of this instruction manual and on the GE Digital Energy
website.

PANEL CUTOUTS CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
3.2 Panel cutouts

This section does not apply to the HardFiber Brick; see its instruction manual.
Install the relay in an indoor environment within the environmental specifications. The relay complies with Pollution
Category II, which means installation in an office, laboratory, or testing environment.
The front panel can be switched in the EnerVista software between enhanced and standard panels under
Maintenance > Change Front Panel.
3.2.1 Horizontal units

3 The D30 is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit with a removable faceplate. The faceplate can be specified as
either standard or enhanced at the time of ordering. The enhanced faceplate contains additional user-programmable
pushbuttons and LED indicators.
The modular design allows the relay to be upgraded and repaired by qualified service personnel. The faceplate is hinged to
allow access to the removable modules, and is itself removable to allow mounting on doors with limited rear depth.
The case dimensions are shown in the following figure, along with panel cutout details for panel mounting. When planning
the location of your panel cutout, ensure that provision is made for the faceplate to swing open without interference to or
from adjacent equipment.
The relay must be mounted such that the faceplate sits semi-flush with the panel or switchgear door, allowing the operator
access to the keypad and the RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws
supplied with the relay.
Figure 3-1: Horizontal dimensions (enhanced panel)

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION PANEL CUTOUTS
Figure 3-2: Horizontal mounting (enhanced panel)
3
Figure 3-3: Horizontal mounting and dimensions (standard panel)
3.2.2 Vertical units

The D30 is available as a reduced size (¾) vertical mount unit, with a removable faceplate. The faceplate can be specified
as either standard or enhanced at the time of ordering. The enhanced faceplate contains additional user-programmable
pushbuttons and LED indicators.
The modular design allows the relay to be upgraded and repaired by qualified service personnel. The faceplate is hinged to
allow easy access to the removable modules, and is itself removable to allow mounting on doors with limited rear depth.
The case dimensions are shown in the following figure, along with panel cutout details for panel mounting. When planning
the location of your panel cutout, ensure that provision is made for the faceplate to swing open without interference to or
from adjacent equipment.
The relay must be mounted such that the faceplate sits semi-flush with the panel or switchgear door, allowing the operator
access to the keypad and the RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws
supplied with the relay.

Figure 3-4: Vertical dimensions (enhanced panel)

Figure 3-5: Vertical and mounting dimensions (standard panel)
For side-mounting D30 devices with the enhanced front panel, see the following documents available on the UR DVD and
the GE Grid Solutions website:
• GEK-113180 — UR-Series UR-V Side-Mounting Front Panel Assembly Instructions
• GEK-113181 — Connecting a Remote UR-V Enhanced Front Panel to a Vertical UR Device Instruction Sheet
• GEK-113182 — Connecting a Remote UR-V Enhanced Front Panel to a Vertically-Mounted Horizontal UR Device
Instruction Sheet

For side-mounting D30 devices with the standard front panel, use the following figures.
Figure 3-6: Vertical side-mounting installation (standard panel)

Figure 3-7: Vertical side-mounting rear dimensions (standard panel)

3.2.3 Rear terminal layout
Do not touch any rear terminals while the relay is energized, else death or serious injury can
result from electrical shock.
The small form-factor pluggable ports (SFPs) are pluggable transceivers. Do not use non-validated
transceivers or install validated transceivers in the wrong Ethernet slot, else damage can occur.
The relay follows a convention with respect to terminal number assignments, which are three characters long and
assigned by module slot position, row number, and column letter. Two-slot wide modules take their slot designation from
the first slot position (nearest to CPU module), indicated by an arrow marker on the terminal block. The figure shows an
example of rear terminal assignments.
Figure 3-8: Example of modules in F and H slots

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION WIRING
3.3 Wiring
3.3.1 Typical wiring
Figure 3-9: Typical wiring diagram (T module shown for CPU)

WIRING CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
3.3.2 Dielectric strength

Dielectric strength is the maximum electric strength that can be sustained without breakdown. It is measured in volts.
The table shows the dielectric strength of the UR-series module hardware.
Table 3-1: Dielectric strength of UR series modules
Module type Module function Terminals Dielectric strength
From To
1 Power supply High (+); Low (+); (–) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
1 Power supply 48 V DC (+) and (–) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
1 Power supply Relay terminals Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
2 Reserved N/A N/A N/A
3 3
4
Reserved
Digital contact inputs/
N/A
All
N/A
Chassis
N/A
2000 V AC for 1 minute
outputs
5 Analog inputs/outputs All except 8b Chassis < 50 V DC
6 Digital contact inputs/ All Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
outputs
7 G.703 All except 2b, 3a, 7b, 8a Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
RS422 All except 6a, 7b, 8a Chassis < 50 V DC
8 CT/VT All Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
9 CPU All Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 minute
Filter networks and transient protection clamps are used in the hardware to prevent damage caused
by high peak voltage transients, radio frequency interference (RFI), and electromagnetic interference
(EMI). These protective components can be damaged by application of the ANSI/IEEE C37.90
specified test voltage for a period longer than the specified minute.
3.3.3 Control power
Control power supplied to the relay must be connected to the matching power supply range of the
relay. If voltage is applied to the wrong terminals, damage can occur.
The D30, like almost all electronic relays, contains electrolytic capacitors. These capacitors are well-
known to deteriorate over time if voltage is not applied periodically. Deterioration can be avoided by
powering up the relay at least once a year.
The power supply module can be ordered for two possible voltage ranges, and the D30 can be ordered with or without a
redundant power supply module option. Each range has a dedicated input connection for proper operation. The ranges
are as follows (see the Specifications section of chapter 2 for details):
• Low (LO) range — 24 to 48 V (DC only) nominal
• High (HI) range — 125 to 250 V nominal
The power supply module provides power to the relay and supplies power for dry contact input connections.
The power supply module provides 48 V DC power for dry contact input connections and a critical failure relay (see the
Typical Wiring Diagram earlier). The critical failure relay is a form-C device that is energized once control power is applied
and the relay has successfully booted up with no critical self-test failures. If on-going self-test diagnostic checks detect a
critical failure (see the Self-Test Errors section in chapter 7) or control power is lost, the relay de-energizes.
For high-reliability systems, the D30 has a redundant option in which two D30 power supplies are placed in parallel on the
bus. If one of the power supplies becomes faulted, the second power supply assumes the full load of the relay without any
interruptions. Each power supply has a green LED on the front of the module to indicate that it is functional. The critical fail
relay of the module also indicates a faulted power supply.

An LED on the front of the control power module shows the status of the power supply, as outlined in the table.
Table 3-2: Power supply LED on front panel
LED indication Power supply
Continuous on OK
On/off cycling Failure
Off Failure or no power
Figure 3-10: Control power connection
3.3.4 CT/VT modules

The CT and VT inputs are analog current transformer and voltage transformer signals used to monitor AC power lines. The
UR-series relays support 1 A and 5 A CTs.
A CT/VT module can have current or voltage inputs on channels 1 through 4 inclusive, or channels 5 through 8 inclusive.
Channels 1 and 5 are intended for connection to phase A, and are labeled as such in the relay. Likewise, channels 2 and 6
are intended for connection to phase B, and channels 3 and 7 are intended for connection to phase C.
Channels 4 and 8 are intended for connection to a single-phase source. For voltage inputs, these channels are labeled as
auxiliary voltage (VX). For current inputs, these channels are intended for connection to a CT between system neutral and
ground, and are labelled as ground current (IG).
Verify that the connection made to the relay terminals for nominal current of 1 A or 5 A matches the
secondary rating of the connected CTs. Unmatched CTs can result in equipment damage or
inadequate protection.
To connect the module, size 12 American Wire Gauge (AWG) is used commonly; the maximum size is 10 AWG.
CT/VT modules can be ordered with a standard ground current input that is the same as the phase current input. Each AC
current input has an isolating transformer and an automatic shorting mechanism that shorts the input when the module is
withdrawn from the chassis. There are no internal ground connections on the current inputs. Current transformers with 1
to 50000 A primaries and 1 A or 5 A secondaries can be used.
CT/VT modules with a sensitive ground input are also available. The ground CT input of the sensitive ground modules is 10
times more sensitive than the ground CT input of standard CT/VT modules. However, the phase CT inputs and phase VT
inputs are the same as those of regular CT/VT modules.
These modules have enhanced diagnostics that can automatically detect CT/VT hardware failure and take the relay out of
service.

CT connections for both ABC and ACB phase rotations are identical, as shown in the Typical Wiring Diagram.
The exact placement of a zero-sequence core balance CT to detect ground fault current is shown as follows. Twisted-pair
cabling on the zero-sequence CT is recommended.
Figure 3-11: Zero-sequence core balance CT installation
The phase voltage channels are used for most metering and protection purposes. The auxiliary voltage channel is used as
input for the synchrocheck and volts-per-hertz features, which are optional features available for some UR models.
Substitute the tilde “~” symbol with the slot position of the module in the following figure.
Figure 3-12: CT/VTmodule wiring
3.3.5 Process bus modules

The D30 can be ordered with a process bus interface module. The module interfaces with the HardFiber Process Bus
System, or HardFiber Brick, allowing bidirectional IEC 61850 fiber optic communications with up to eight HardFiber Bricks.
The HardFiber system integrates seamlessly with the existing UR-series applications, including protection functions,
FlexLogic, metering, and communications.
This process bus system offers the following benefits:
• Reduces labor associated with design, installation, and testing of protection and control applications using the UR by
reducing the number of individual copper terminations

• Integrates seamlessly with existing UR applications, since the IEC 61850 process bus interface module replaces the
traditional CT/VT modules
• Communicates using open standard IEC 61850 messaging
For details on the HardFiber system, see its Instruction Manual.
3.3.6 Contact inputs and outputs

Every contact input/output module has 24 terminal connections. They are arranged as three terminals per row, with eight
rows in total. A given row of three terminals can be used for the outputs of one relay. For example, for form-C relay outputs,
the terminals connect to the normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), and common contacts of the relay. For a form-A
output, there are options of using current or voltage detection for feature supervision, depending on the module ordered.
The terminal configuration for contact inputs is different for the two applications.
The contact inputs are grouped with a common return. The input/output modules have two versions of grouping: four
inputs per common return and two inputs per common return. When a contact input/output module is ordered, four inputs 3
per common is used. If the inputs must be isolated per row, then two inputs per common return are selected (4D module).
The tables and diagrams on the following pages illustrate the module types (6A and so on) and contact arrangements that
can be ordered for the relay. Since an entire row is used for a single contact output, the name is assigned using the module
slot position and row number. However, since there are two contact inputs per row, these names are assigned by module
slot position, row number, and column position.
Some form-A / solid-state relay outputs include circuits to monitor the DC voltage across the output contact when it is
open, and the DC current through the output contact when it is closed. Each of the monitors contains a level detector
whose output is set to logic “On = 1” when the current in the circuit is above the threshold setting. The voltage monitor is
set to “On = 1” when there is a voltage across open contact (the detector allows a current of about 1 to 2.5 mA), and the
current monitor is set to “On = 1” when the current flowing through the closed contact exceeds about 80 to 100 mA. The
voltage monitor is intended to check the health of the overall trip circuit, and the current monitor can be used to seal-in
the output contact until an external contact has interrupted current flow. If enabled, the current monitoring can be used as
a seal-in signal to ensure that the form-A contact does not attempt to break the energized inductive coil circuit and weld
the output contacts.
Block diagrams are shown as follows for form-A and solid-state relay outputs with optional voltage monitor, optional
current monitor, and with no monitoring. The actual values shown for contact output 1 are the same for all contact
outputs. Form-A contact output with or without a current or voltage monitoring option is not polarity sensitive. The polarity
shown in the figure is required for solid-state contact output connection.

Figure 3-13: Form-A and solid-state contact outputs with voltage and current monitoring
The operation of voltage and current monitors is reflected with the corresponding FlexLogic operands (CONT OP # VON, CONT
OP # VOFF, and CONT OP # ION) that can be used in protection, control, and alarm logic. The typical application of the voltage
monitor is breaker trip circuit integrity monitoring; a typical application of the current monitor is seal-in of the control
command.
See the Digital Elements section of chapter 5 for an example of how form-A and solid-state relay contacts can be applied
for breaker trip circuit integrity monitoring.
Consider relay contacts unsafe to touch when the unit is energized. Death or serious injury can
result from touching live relay contacts.
USE OF FORM-A AND SOLID-STATE RELAY OUTPUTS IN HIGH-IMPEDANCE CIRCUITS

For form-A and solid-state relay output contacts internally equipped with a voltage measuring circuit across the
contact, the circuit has an impedance that can cause a problem when used in conjunction with external high-input
impedance monitoring equipment such as modern relay test set trigger circuits. These monitoring circuits can
continue to read the form-A contact as being closed after it has closed and subsequently opened, when measured
as an impedance.
The solution is to use the voltage measuring trigger input of the relay test set, and connect the form-A contact
through a voltage-dropping resistor to a DC voltage source. If the 48 V DC output of the power supply is used as a
source, a 500 Ω, 10 W resistor is appropriate. In this configuration, the voltage across either the form-A contact or
the resistor can be used to monitor the state of the output.
Where a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute the slot position of the module. Where a number sign “#” appears,
substitute the contact number.

When current monitoring is used to seal-in the form-A and solid-state relay contact outputs, give the
FlexLogic operand driving the contact output a reset delay of 10 ms to prevent damage of the output
contact (in situations when the element initiating the contact output is bouncing, at values in the
region of the pickup value).
Table 3-3: Contact input and output module assignments
~6A module ~6B module ~6C module ~6D module
Terminal Output or Terminal Output or Terminal Output Terminal Output
assignment input assignment input assignment assignment
~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-C ~1a, ~1c 2 Inputs
~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-C ~2a, ~2c 2 Inputs
~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3a, ~3c 2 Inputs
~4
~5a, ~5c
Form-C
2 Inputs
~4
~5
Form-C
Form-C
~4
~5
Form-C
Form-C
~4a, ~4c
~5a, ~5c
2 Inputs
2 Inputs
3
~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs
~6E module ~6F module ~6G module ~6H module

Terminal Output or Terminal Output Terminal Output or Terminal Output or
assignment input assignment assignment input assignment input
~1 Form-C ~1 Fast Form-C ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A
~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Fast Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-A
~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Fast Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-A
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Fast Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Fast Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs
~6K module ~6L module ~6M module ~6N module

Terminal Output Terminal Output or Terminal Output or Terminal Output or
assignment assignment input assignment input assignment input
~1 Form-C ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A
~2 Form-C ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A
~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-A
~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-A
~5 Fast Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs
~6 Fast Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs
~7 Fast Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8 Fast Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

~6P module ~6R module ~6S module ~6T module

Terminal Output or Terminal Output or Terminal Output or Terminal Output or
assignment input assignment input assignment input assignment input
~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A
~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A
~3 Form-A ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-A
~4 Form-A ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-A
~5 Form-A ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs
~6 Form-A ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs
3
~6U module ~6v module ~67 module ~4A module
Terminal Output or Terminal Output or Terminal Output Terminal Output
assignment input assignment input assignment assignment
~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Not Used
~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Solid-State
~3 Form-A ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-A ~3 Not Used
~4 Form-A ~4 2 Outputs ~4 Form-A ~4 Solid-State
~5 Form-A ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-A ~5 Not Used
~6 Form-A ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-A ~6 Solid-State
~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Form-A ~7 Not Used
~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Form-A ~8 Solid-State
~4B module ~4C module ~4D module ~4L module

Terminal Output Terminal Output Terminal Output Terminal Output
assignment assignment assignment assignment
~1 Not Used ~1 Not Used ~1a, ~1c 2 Inputs ~1 2 Outputs
~2 Solid-State ~2 Solid-State ~2a, ~2c 2 Inputs ~2 2 Outputs
~8 Solid-State ~8 Solid-State ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Not Used

Figure 3-14: Contact input and output module wiring (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 3-15: Contact input and output module wiring (Sheet 2 of 2)
For proper functionality, observe the polarity shown in the figures for all contact input and output
connections.

3.3.6.1 Contact inputs

A dry contact has one side connected to terminal B3b. This is the positive 48 V DC voltage rail supplied by the power supply
module. The other side of the dry contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. Each contact input group
has its own common (negative) terminal that must be connected to the DC negative terminal (B3a) of the power supply
module. When a dry contact closes, a current of 1 to 3 mA flows through the associated circuit.
A wet contact has one side connected to the positive terminal of an external DC power supply. The other side of this
contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. If a wet contact is used, then the negative side of the external
source must be connected to the relay common (negative) terminal of each contact group. The maximum external source
voltage for this arrangement is 300 V DC.
The voltage threshold at which each group of four contact inputs detects a closed contact input is programmable as
17 V DC for 24 V sources, 33 V DC for 48 V sources, 84 V DC for 110 to 125 V sources, and 166 V DC for 250 V sources.
Figure 3-16: Dry and wet contact input connections
3
Where a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute the slot position of the module.
There is no provision in the relay to detect a DC ground fault on 48 V DC control power external output. We recommend
using an external DC supply.
3.3.6.2 Use of contact inputs with auto-burnishing

The contact inputs sense a change of the state of the external device contact based on the measured current. When
external devices are located in a harsh industrial environment (either outdoor or indoor), their contacts can be exposed to
various types of contamination. Normally, there is a thin film of insulating sulfidation, oxidation, or contaminates on the
surface of the contacts, sometimes making it difficult or impossible to detect a change of the state. This film must be
removed to establish circuit continuity — an impulse of higher than normal current can accomplish this.
The contact inputs with auto-burnish create a high current impulse when the threshold is reached to burn off this oxidation
layer as a maintenance to the contacts. Afterwards the contact input current is reduced to a steady-state current. The
impulse has a five-second delay after a contact input changes state.

Figure 3-17: Current through contact inputs with auto-burnishing
3 Regular contact inputs limit current to less than 3 mA to reduce station battery burden. In contrast, contact inputs with
auto-burnishing allow currents up to 50 to 70 mA at the first instance when the change of state was sensed. Then, within
25 to 50 ms, this current is slowly reduced to 3 mA as indicated. The 50 to 70 mA peak current burns any film on the
contacts, allowing for proper sensing of state changes. If the external device contact is bouncing, the auto-burnishing
starts when external device contact bouncing is over.
Another important difference between the auto-burnishing input module and the regular input modules is that only two
contact inputs have common ground, as opposed to four contact inputs sharing one common ground (see the Contact
Input and Output Module Wiring diagrams). This is beneficial when connecting contact inputs to separate voltage sources.
Consequently, the threshold voltage setting is also defined per group of two contact inputs.
The auto-burnish feature can be disabled or enabled using the DIP switches found on each daughter card. There is a DIP
switch for each contact, for a total of 16 inputs.
Figure 3-18: Auto-burnish DIP switches
The auto-burnish circuitry has an internal fuse for safety purposes. During regular maintenance, check the auto-burnish
functionality using an oscilloscope.
3.3.7 Transducer inputs and outputs

Transducer input modules can receive input signals from external DCmA output transducers (DCmA In) or resistance
temperature detectors (RTDs). Hardware and software are provided to receive signals from these external transducers and
convert these signals into a digital format for use as required.
Transducer output modules provide DC current outputs in several standard DCmA ranges. Software is provided to
configure virtually any analog quantity used in the relay to drive the analog outputs.

Every transducer input/output module has a total of 24 terminal connections. These connections are arranged as three
terminals per row with a total of eight rows. A given row can be used for either inputs or outputs, with terminals in column
"a" having positive polarity and terminals in column "c" having negative polarity. Since an entire row is used for a single
input/output channel, the name of the channel is assigned using the module slot position and row number.
Each module also requires that a connection from an external ground bus be made to terminal 8b. The current outputs
require a twisted-pair shielded cable, where the shield is grounded at one end only. The following figure illustrates the
transducer module types (5A, 5C, 5D, 5E, and 5F) and channel arrangements that can be ordered for the relay.
Where a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute the slot position of the module.
Figure 3-19: Transducer input/output module wiring
The following figure show how to connect RTDs.

Figure 3-20: RTD connections
3.3.8 RS232 faceplate port

A nine-pin RS232C serial port is located on the faceplate for programming with a computer. All that is required to use this
interface is a computer running the EnerVista UR Setup software provided with the relay. Cabling for the RS232 port is
shown in the following figure for both 9-pin and 25-pin connectors.
The baud rate for this port can be set, with a default of 115200 bps.

Figure 3-21: RS232 faceplate port connection
3.3.9 CPU communication ports

3.3.9.1 Overview
In addition to the faceplate RS232 port, there is a rear RS485 communication port.
The CPU modules do not require a surge ground connection.

Figure 3-22: CPU module communications wiring
3.3.9.2 RS485 port

RS485 data transmission and reception are accomplished over a single twisted-pair wire with transmit and receive data
alternating over the same two wires. Through the use of the port, continuous monitoring and control from a remote
computer, SCADA system, or Power Line Carrier (PLC) is possible.
To minimize errors from noise, the use of shielded twisted-pair wire is recommended. Correct polarity must be observed.
For instance, the relays must be connected with all RS485 “+” terminals connected together, and all RS485 “–” terminals
connected together. Though data is transmitted over a two-wire twisted pair, all RS485 devices require a shared reference,
or common voltage. This common voltage is implied to be a power supply common. Some systems allow the shield (drain
wire) to be used as common wire and to connect directly to the D30 COM terminal (#3); others function correctly only if the
common wire is connected to the D30 COM terminal, but insulated from the shield.
To avoid loop currents, ground the shield at only one point. If other system considerations require the shield to be
grounded at more than one point, install resistors (typically 100 ohms) between the shield and ground at each grounding
point. Each relay needs to be daisy-chained to the next one in the link. A maximum of 32 relays can be connected in this
manner without exceeding driver capability. For larger systems, additional serial channels must be added. It is also
possible to use commercially available repeaters to have more than 32 relays on a single channel. Avoid star or stub
connections entirely.

Lightning strikes and ground surge currents can cause large momentary voltage differences between remote ends of the
communication link. For this reason, surge protection devices are provided internally at both communication ports. An
isolated power supply with an optocoupled data interface also acts to reduce noise coupling. To ensure maximum
reliability, ensure that all equipment has similar transient protection devices installed.
Terminate both ends of the RS485 circuit with an impedance as shown in the figure.
Figure 3-23: RS485 serial connection
3.3.9.3 100Base-FX fiber optic ports

The fiber optic communication ports allow for fast and efficient communications between relays at 100 Mbps. Optical fiber
can be connected to the relay supporting a wavelength of 1310 nm in multimode.
Ensure that the dust covers are installed when the fiber is not in use. Dirty or scratched connectors can lead to high losses
on a fiber link.
3.3.10 IRIG-B
IRIG-B is a standard time code format that allows stamping of events to be synchronized among connected devices. The
IRIG-B code allows time accuracies of up to 100 ns. Using the IRIG-B input, the D30 operates an internal oscillator with 1 µs
resolution and accuracy. The IRIG time code formats are serial, pulse width-modulated codes that can be either DC level
shifted or amplitude modulated (AM). The GE MultiSync 100 1588 GPS Clock as well as third-party equipment are available
for generating the IRIG-B signal; this equipment can use a global positioning system (GPS) satellite system to obtain the
time reference so that devices at different geographic locations can be synchronized.

DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT COMMUNICATIONS CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
Figure 3-24: Options for the IRIG-B connection
Using an amplitude-modulated receiver causes errors up to 1 ms in event time stamping.
3.4 Direct input and output communications

3.4.1 Description
The direct inputs and outputs feature makes use of the type 7 series of communications modules and allows direct
messaging between UR devices. The communications modules are outlined in the table later in this section.
The communications channels are normally connected in a ring configuration, as shown in the following figure. The
transmitter of one module is connected to the receiver of the next module. The transmitter of this second module is then
connected to the receiver of the next module in the ring. This is continued to form a communications ring. The figure
illustrates a ring of four UR-series relays with the following connections: UR1-Tx to UR2-Rx, UR2-Tx to UR3-Rx, UR3-Tx to
UR4-Rx, and UR4-Tx to UR1-Rx. A maximum of 16 URs can be connected in a single ring.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT COMMUNICATIONS
Figure 3-25: Direct input and output single-channel connection
3
IRC modules with protocol C37.94 and G.703 are designed for back-to-back communication connections, so the ring
configuration shown in the previous figure does not apply. To establish inter-relay communication in more than two URs,
you need to have two channel IRC module and enable DIRECT I/O CHANNEL CROSSOVER function in all relays, as shown in
the next figure. This configuration can be expanded to 16 URs, and this configuration does not provide redundancy ring
since both channels are made into single ring by the channel crossover function. As per the figure Typical Pin
Interconnection between Two G.703 Interfaces later in this chapter, the clock is supplied typically by multiplexer (MUX) and
all URs are in Loop Timing Mode. If there is no MUX, then UR1 and UR3 can be in Internal Timing Mode and UR2 and UR4
can be in Loop Timing Mode. That is, connected channels must have opposite timing modes.
Figure 3-26: Ring configuration for C37.94 module (concept also applies to G.703)
The interconnection for dual-channel type 7 communications modules is shown as follows. Two-channel modules allow for
a redundant ring configuration. That is, two rings can be created to provide an additional independent data path. The
required connections are: UR1-Tx1 to UR2-Rx1, UR2-Tx1 to UR3-Rx1, UR3-Tx1 to UR4-Rx1, and UR4-Tx1 to UR1-Rx1 for the
first ring; and UR1-Tx2 to UR4-Rx2, UR4-Tx2 to UR3-Rx2, UR3-Tx2 to UR2-Rx2, and UR2-Tx2 to UR1-Rx2 for the second ring.

Figure 3-27: Direct input and output dual-channel connection
The following diagram shows the connection for three UR-series relays using two independent communication channels.
UR1 and UR3 have single type 7 communication modules; UR2 has a dual-channel module. The two communication
channels can be of different types, depending on the type 7 modules used. To allow the direct input and output data to
cross-over from channel 1 to channel 2 on UR2, set the DIRECT I/O CHANNEL CROSSOVER setting to “Enabled” on UR2. This
forces UR2 to forward messages received on Rx1 out Tx2, and messages received on Rx2 out Tx1.
Figure 3-28: Direct input and output single/dual channel combination connection
The inter-relay communications modules are available with several interfaces and some are outlined here in more detail.
Those that apply depend on options purchased. The options are outlined in the Inter-Relay Communications section of the
Order Code tables in Chapter 2. All of the fiber modules use ST type connectors.

3.4.2 Fiber: LED and ELED transmitters

The following figure shows the configuration for the 7A, 7B, 7C, 7H, 7I, and 7J fiber-only modules.
Figure 3-29: LED and ELED fiber modules
3.4.3 Fiber laser transmitters

The following figure shows the configuration for the 72, 73, 7D, and 7K fiber-laser modules.
Figure 3-30: 7x Laser fiber modules
The following figure shows configuration for the 2I and 2J fiber-laser modules.

Figure 3-31: 2I and 2J laser fiber modules
Observing any fiber transmitter output can injure the eye.
When using a laser Interface, attenuators can be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed the
maximum optical input power to the receiver.
3.4.4 G.703 interface

3.4.4.1 Description
The following figure shows the 64K ITU G.703 co-directional interface configuration.
The G.703 module is fixed at 64 kbps. The SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DIRECT I/O  DIRECT I/O DATA RATE setting is not
applicable to this module.
AWG 24 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external connections, with the shield grounded only at one end.
Connecting the shield to pin X1a or X6a grounds the shield since these pins are connected internally to ground. Thus, if
pin X1a or X6a is used to ground the shield at one end, do not ground the shield at the other end. This interface module is
protected by surge suppression devices.
Figure 3-32: G.703 interface configuration
The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two G.703 interfaces. For the actual physical
arrangement of these pins, see the Rear Terminal Layout section earlier in this chapter. All pin interconnections are to be
maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.

Figure 3-33: Typical pin interconnection between two G.703 interfaces
Pin nomenclature differs from one manufacturer to another. It is not uncommon to see pinouts numbered TxA, TxB, 3
RxA, and RxB. In such cases, assume that “A” is equivalent to “+” and “B” is equivalent to “–.”
3.4.4.2 G.703 selection switch procedures

1. With the power to the relay off, remove the G.703 module (7R or 7S) as follows. Record the original location of the
module to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot.
2. Simultaneously pull the ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module in order to release
the module for removal. (For more information on accessing modules, see the Maintenance chapter.)
3. Remove the module cover screw.
4. Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards.
5. Set the timing selection switches (channels 1 and 2) to the required timing modes.
6. Replace the top cover and the cover screw.
7. Re-insert the G.703 module. Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position.
The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the
module is inserted smoothly into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips
simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module is inserted fully.

Figure 3-34: G.703 timing selection switch setting
Table 3-4: G.703 timing selections

Switches Function
S1 OFF → octet timing disabled
ON → octet timing 8 kHz
S5 and S6 S5 = OFF and S6 = OFF → loop timing mode
S5 = ON and S6 = OFF → internal timing mode
S5 = OFF and S6 = ON → minimum remote loopback mode
S5 = ON and S6 = ON → dual loopback mode
3.4.4.3 G.703 octet timing

If octet timing is enabled (ON), this 8 kHz signal is asserted during the violation of bit 8 (LSB) necessary for connecting to
higher order systems. When D30s are connected back-to-back, octet timing is disabled (OFF).
3.4.4.4 G.703 timing modes

There are two timing modes for the G.703 module: internal timing mode and loop timing mode (default).
• Internal Timing Mode — The system clock is generated internally. Therefore, set the G.703 timing selection to internal
timing mode for back-to-back (UR-to-UR) connections. For back-to-back connections, set octet timing (S1 = OFF) and
timing mode to internal timing (S5 = ON and S6 = OFF).
• Loop Timing Mode — The system clock is derived from the received line signal. Therefore, set the G.703 timing
selection to loop timing mode for connections to higher order systems. For connection to a higher order system (UR-
to-multiplexer, factory defaults), set to octet timing (S1 = ON) and set timing mode to loop timing (S5 = OFF and S6 =
OFF).
The switch settings for the internal and loop timing modes are shown.

Figure 3-35: Switches
3.4.4.5 G.703 test modes

In minimum remote loopback mode, the multiplexer is enabled to return the data from the external interface without any
processing to assist in diagnosing G.703 line-side problems irrespective of clock rate. Data enters from the G.703 inputs,
passes through the data stabilization latch that also restores the proper signal polarity, passes through the multiplexer and
then returns to the transmitter. The differential received data is processed and passed to the G.703 transmitter module
3
after which point the data is discarded. The G.703 receiver module is fully functional and continues to process data and
passes it to the differential Manchester transmitter module. Since timing is returned as it is received, the timing source is
expected to be from the G.703 line side of the interface.
Figure 3-36: G.703 minimum remote loopback mode
In dual loopback mode, the multiplexers are active and the functions of the circuit are divided into two with each receiver/
transmitter pair linked together to deconstruct and then reconstruct their respective signals. Differential Manchester data
enters the Differential Manchester receiver module and then is returned to the differential Manchester transmitter module.
Likewise, G.703 data enters the G.703 receiver module and is passed through to the G.703 transmitter module to be
returned as G.703 data. Because of the complete split in the communications path and because, in each case, the clocks
are extracted and reconstructed with the outgoing data, in this mode there must be two independent sources of timing.
One source lies on the G.703 line side of the interface while the other lies on the differential Manchester side of the
interface.
Figure 3-37: G.703 dual loopback mode

3.4.5 RS422 interface
3.4.5.1 Description
There are two RS422 inter-relay communications modules available: single-channel RS422 (module 7T) and dual-channel
RS422 (module 7W). The modules can be configured to run at 64 kbps or 128 kbps. AWG 20-24 twisted shielded pair cable
is recommended for external connections. These modules are protected by optically-isolated surge suppression devices.
The shield pins (6a and 7b) are connected internally to the ground pin (8a). Proper shield termination is as follows:
• Site 1 — Terminate shield to pins 6a or 7b or both
• Site 2 — Terminate shield to COM pin 2b
Match the clock terminating impedance with the impedance of the line.
Figure 3-38: RS422 interface connections
3
The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two single-channel RS422 interfaces installed in slot W.
All pin interconnections are to be maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.
Figure 3-39: Typical pin interconnect between two RS422 interfaces
3.4.5.2 Two-channel application via multiplexers

The RS422 interface can be used for single-channel or two-channel applications over SONET/SDH or multiplexed systems.
When used in single-channel applications, the RS422 interface links to higher-order systems in a typical way, observing
transmit (Tx), receive (Rx), and send timing (ST) connections. However, when used in two-channel applications, certain
criteria must be followed since there is one clock input for the two RS422 channels. The system functions correctly when
the following connections are observed and your data module has a terminal timing feature. Terminal timing is a common
feature to most synchronous data units that allows the module to accept timing from an external source. Using the
terminal timing feature, two-channel applications can be achieved if these connections are followed: the send timing
outputs from the multiplexer (data module 1) connects to the clock inputs of the UR RS422 interface in the usual way. In

addition, the send timing outputs of data module 1 are also paralleled to the terminal timing inputs of data module 2. By
using this configuration, the timing for both data modules and both UR RS422 channels are derived from a single clock
source. As a result, data sampling for both of the UR RS422 channels is synchronized via the send timing leads on data
module 1, shown as follows. If the terminal timing feature is not available or this type of connection is not wanted, the
G.703 interface is a viable option that does not impose timing restrictions.
Figure 3-40: Timing configuration for RS422 two-channel, three-terminal application
Data module 1 provides timing to the D30 RS422 interface via the ST(A) and ST(B) outputs. Data module 1 also provides
timing to data module 2 TT(A) and TT(B) inputs via the ST(A) and AT(B) outputs. The data module pin numbers have been
omitted in the figure because they vary by manufacturer.
3.4.5.3 Transmit timing

The RS422 interface accepts one clock input for transmit timing. It is important that the rising edge of the 64 kHz transmit
timing clock of the multiplexer interface is sampling the data in the center of the transmit data window. Therefore, it is
important to confirm clock and data transitions to ensure proper system operation. For example, the following figure
shows the positive edge of the Tx clock in the center of the Tx data bit.

Figure 3-41: Clock and data transitions
3.4.5.4 Receive timing

The RS422 interface utilizes NRZI-MARK modulation code and therefore does not rely on an Rx clock to recapture data.
NRZI-MARK is an edge-type, invertible, self-clocking code.
To recover the Rx clock from the data-stream, an integrated digital phase lock loop (DPLL) circuit is utilized. The DPLL is
driven by an internal clock, which is 16-times over-sampled, and uses this clock along with the data-stream to generate a
data clock that can be used as the serial communication controller (SCC) receive clock.
3.4.6 RS422 and fiber interface

The following figure shows the combined RS422 plus fiberoptic interface configuration at 64 K baud. The 7L, 7M, 7N, 7P,
and 74 modules are used in two-terminal with a redundant channel or three-terminal configurations where channel 1 is
employed via the RS422 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and channel 2 via direct fiber.
AWG 20-24 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external RS422 connections and ground the shield only at one end.
For the direct fiber channel, address power budget issues properly.
When using a laser interface, attenuators can be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed
Figure 3-42: RS422 and fiber interface connection

The connections shown in the figure are for multiplexers configured as data communications equipment (DCE) units.
3.4.7 G.703 and fiber interface

The following figure shows the combined G.703 plus fiberoptic interface configuration at 64 kbps. The 7E, 7F, 7G, 7Q, and
75 modules are used in configurations where channel 1 is employed via the G.703 interface (possibly with a multiplexer)
and channel 2 via direct fiber. AWG 24 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external G.703 connections connecting
the shield to pin 1a at one end only. For the direct fiber channel, address power budget issues properly. See previous
sections for details on the G.703 and fiber interfaces.
When using a laser interface, attenuators can be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed the
Figure 3-43: G.703 and fiber interface connection
3
3.4.8 IEEE C37.94 interface

The UR-series IEEE C37.94 communication modules (module types 2I, 2J, 76, and 77) are designed to interface with IEEE
C37.94 compliant digital multiplexers or an IEEE C37.94 compliant interface converter for use with direct input and output
applications. The IEEE C37.94 standard defines a point-to-point optical link for synchronous data between a multiplexer
and a teleprotection device. This data is typically 64 kbps, but the standard provides for speeds up to 64n kbps, where n =
1, 2,…, 12. The UR-series C37.94 communication modules are either 64 kbps (with n fixed at 1) for 128 kbps (with n fixed at
2). The frame is a valid International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T) recommended G.704 pattern from the standpoint
of framing and data rate. The frame is 256 bits and is repeated at a frame rate of 8000 Hz, with a resultant bit rate of 2048
kbps.
The specifications for the module are as follows:
• IEEE standard — C37.94 for 2 × 64 kbps optical fiber interface (for 76 and 77 modules)
• Fiber optic cable type — 50 nm or 62.5 μm core diameter optical fiber
• Fiber optic mode — multimode
• Fiber optic cable length — up to 2 km
• Fiber optic connector — type ST
• Wavelength — 820 ±40 nm
• Connection — as per all fiber optic connections, a Tx to Rx connection is required
The UR-series C37.94 communication module can be connected directly to any compliant digital multiplexer that supports
the IEEE C37.94 standard. The figure shows the concept.

Figure 3-44: IEEE C37.94 connection to compliant digital multiplexer
The UR-series C37.94 communication module can be connected to the electrical interface (G.703, RS422, or X.21) of a non-
compliant digital multiplexer via an optical-to-electrical interface converter that supports the IEEE C37.94 standard. The
following figure shows the concept.
3 Figure 3-45: IEEE C37.94 connection to non-compliant digital multiplexer
In 2008, GE Grid Solutions released revised modules 76 and 77 for C37.94 communication to enable multi-ended fault
location functionality with firmware 5.60 release and higher. All modules 76 and 77 shipped since the change support this
feature and are fully backward compatible with firmware releases below 5.60. For customers using firmware release 5.60
and higher, the module can be identified with "Rev D" printed on the module and is to be used on all ends of D30
communication for two and three terminal applications. Failure to use it at all ends results in intermittent communication
alarms. For customers using firmware revisions below 5.60, it is not required to match the revision of the modules installed.
The UR-series C37.94 communication module has six switches to set the clock configuration. The following figure shows
the functions of these control switches.
For the internal timing mode, the system clock is generated internally. Therefore, set the timing switch selection to internal
timing for relay 1 and loop timed for relay 2. There must be only one timing source configured.
For the looped timing mode, the system clock is derived from the received line signal. Therefore, set the timing selection to
loop timing mode for connections to higher order systems.
The IEEE C37.94 communications module cover removal procedure is as follows:
1. With power to the relay off, remove the IEEE C37.94 module (type 2I, 2J, 76, or 77 module) as follows. Record the
original location of the module to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot.
2. Simultaneously pull the ejector/inserter clips located at the top and bottom of each module in order to release the
module for removal.

5. Set the timing selection switches (channels 1 and 2) to the required timing modes (see description earlier).
7. Re-insert the IEEE C37.94 module. Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot
position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged
position as the module is inserted smoothly into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis,
engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module is inserted fully.
Figure 3-47: IEEE C37.94 timing selection switch setting
Modules shipped since January 2012 have status LEDs that indicate the status of the DIP switches, as shown in the
following figure.

Figure 3-48: Status LEDs
The clock configuration LED status is as follows:

• Flashing green — loop timing mode while receiving a valid data packet
• Flashing yellow — internal mode while receiving a valid data packet
• Solid red — (switch to) internal timing mode while not receiving a valid data packet
The link/activity LED status is as follows:
• Flashing green — FPGA is receiving a valid data packet
• Solid yellow — FPGA is receiving a "yellow bit" and remains yellow for each "yellow bit"
• Solid red — FPGA is not receiving a valid packet or the packet received is invalid
3.4.9 C37.94SM interface

The UR-series C37.94SM communication modules (2A and 2B) are designed to interface with modified IEEE C37.94
compliant digital multiplexers or IEEE C37.94 compliant interface converters that have been converted from 820 nm multi-
mode fiber optics to 1300 nm ELED single-mode fiber optics. The IEEE C37.94 standard defines a point-to-point optical link
for synchronous data between a multiplexer and a teleprotection device. This data is typically 64 kbps, but the standard
provides for speeds up to 64n kbps, where n = 1, 2,…, 12. The UR-series C37.94SM communication module is 64 kbps only
with n fixed at 1. The frame is a valid International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T) recommended G.704 pattern from
the standpoint of framing and data rate. The frame is 256 bits and is repeated at a frame rate of 8000 Hz, with a resultant
bit rate of 2048 kbps.
The specifications for the module are as follows:
• Emulated IEEE standard — Emulates C37.94 for 1 × 64 kbps optical fiber interface (modules set to n = 1 or 64 kbps)
• Fiber optic cable type — 9/125 μm core diameter optical fiber
• Fiber optic mode — Single-mode, ELED compatible with HP HFBR-1315T transmitter and HP HFBR-2316T receiver
• Fiber optic cable length — Up to 11.4 km
• Fiber optic connector — Type ST
• Wavelength — 1300 ±40 nm
• Connection — As per all fiber optic connections, a Tx to Rx connection is required

The UR-series C37.94SM communication module can be connected directly to any compliant digital multiplexer that
supports C37.94SM, as shown.
It also can be connected directly to any other UR-series relay with a C37.94SM module, as shown.
In 2008, GE Grid Solutions released revised modules 2A and 2B for C37.94SM communication to enable multi-ended fault
location functionality with firmware 5.60 release and higher. All modules 2A and 2B shipped since the change support this
feature and are fully backward compatible with firmware releases below 5.60. For customers using firmware release 5.60
and higher, the module can be identified with "Rev D" printed on the module and is to be used on all ends of D30
communication for two and three terminal applications. Failure to use it at all ends results in intermittent communication
alarms. For customers using firmware revisions below 5.60, it is not required to match the revision of the modules installed.
The UR-series C37.94SM communication module has six switches that are used to set the clock configuration. The
following figure shows the functions of these control switches.
For the internal timing mode, the system clock is generated internally. Therefore, set the timing switch selection to internal
timing for relay 1 and loop timed for relay 2. There must be only one timing source configured.
For the looped timing mode, the system clock is derived from the received line signal. Therefore, set the timing selection to
loop timing mode for connections to higher-order systems.
The C37.94SM communications module cover removal procedure is as follows:
1. With power to the relay off, remove the C37.94SM module (module 2A or 2B) as follows. Record the original location of
the module to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot.
2. Simultaneously pull the ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module in order to release
the module for removal.
5. Set the timing selection switches (channels 1 and 2) to the required timing modes (see description earlier).


7. Re-insert the C37.94SM module. Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot
position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged
position as the module is inserted smoothly into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis,
engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module is inserted fully.
Figure 3-50: C37.94SM timing selection switch setting
Modules shipped since January 2012 have status LEDs that indicate the status of the DIP switches, as shown in the
following figure.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION ACTIVATE RELAY
Figure 3-51: Status LEDs
The clock configuration LED status is as follows:

• Flashing green — loop timing mode while receiving a valid data packet
• Flashing yellow — internal mode while receiving a valid data packet
• Solid red — (switch to) internal timing mode while not receiving a valid data packet
The link/activity LED status is as follows:
• Flashing green — FPGA is receiving a valid data packet
• Solid yellow — FPGA is receiving a "yellow bit" and remains yellow for each "yellow bit"
• Solid red — FPGA is not receiving a valid packet or the packet received is invalid
3.5 Activate relay

The relay is in the default “Not Programmed” state when it leaves the factory. When powered up successfully, the "Trouble"
LED is on and the "In Service" LED is off. The relay in the “Not Programmed” state blocks signaling of any output relay. These
conditions remain until the relay is explicitly put in the “Programmed” state.
RELAY SETTINGS: When the relay is powered up, the "Trouble LED" is on, the "In Service" LED is off, and this message
Not Programmed displays, indicating that the relay is in the "Not Programmed" state and is safeguarding (output
relays blocked) against the installation of a relay whose settings have not been entered. This
message remains until the relay is explicitly put in the "Programmed" state.
The relay can be activated on the front panel or in the EnerVista software.
To activate the relay using the front panel:
1. Press the MENU key until the SETTINGS header flashes momentarily and the PRODUCT SETUP message displays.
2. Press the MESSAGE right arrow until the SECURITY message displays.
3. Press the MESSAGE down arrow until the INSTALLATION message displays.
4. Press the MESSAGE right arrow until the RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed message displays.

INSTALL SOFTWARE CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
SETTINGS

 SETTINGS  SECURITY
 PRODUCT SETUP  
 DISPLAY
  PROPERTIES

 INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS:
   Not Programmed
3 5. After the RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed message displays, press a VALUE key to change the selection to
"Programmed."
6. Press the ENTER key to save the change.
RELAY SETTINGS: RELAY SETTINGS: NEW SETTING

Not Programmed Programmed HAS BEEN STORED
7. When the "NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED" message appears, the relay is in "Programmed" state and the "In Service"
LED turns on.
To activate the relay using EnerVista software:
1. Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Installation and change the Relay Settings field to "Programmed."
2. Save the change.
3.6 Install software

3.6.1 EnerVista communication overview
The EnerVista UR Setup software communicates to the relay via the faceplate RS232 port or the rear panel RS485 /
Ethernet ports.
To communicate via the faceplate RS232 port, use a standard straight-through serial cable. Connect the DB-9 male end to
the relay and the DB-9 or DB-25 female end to the computer COM2 port as described in the CPU Communication Ports
section earlier in this chapter.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION INSTALL SOFTWARE
Figure 3-52: Relay communication options
To communicate through the D30 rear RS485 port from a computer RS232 port, the GE Grid Solutions RS232/RS485
converter box is required. This device (catalog number F485) connects to the computer using a straight-through serial
cable. A shielded twisted-pair (20, 22, or 24 AWG) connects the F485 converter to the D30 rear communications port. The
converter terminals (+, –, GND) are connected to the D30 communication module (+, –, COM) terminals. See the CPU
Communication Ports section in chapter 3 for details. The line is terminated with an R-C network (that is, 120 Ω, 1 nF) as
described in this chapter.
3.6.2 System requirements

The relay front panel or the EnerVista UR Setup software can be used to communicate with the relay. The software
interface is the preferred method to edit settings and view actual values because the computer monitor can display more
information.
The minimum system requirements for the EnerVista software are as follows:
• Intel Pentium processor (dual core)
• Microsoft Windows 7 with Service Pack 1 (32-bit or 64-bit) or Windows Server 2008 Release 2 with Service Pack 1 (64-
bit)
• 1 GB free hard drive space
• 2 GB RAM
• 1280 x 800 display screen

INSTALL SOFTWARE CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
3.6.3 Install software

After ensuring that the requirements for using EnerVista UR Setup software are met, there are three ways to install the
software:
• From the DVD
• Download EnerVista Launchpad software from http://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin and install it
• Download the EnerVista UR Setup software from http://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin and install it
To install the software from the DVD and using EnerVista Launchpad:
1. Insert the DVD into the DVD drive of your computer.
2. Click the Install Now button and follow the instructions.
3 3.
4.
When installation is complete, start the EnerVista Launchpad application.
Click the IED Setup section of the Launch Pad window.
Figure 3-53: Adding a UR device in Launchpad window
5. In the EnerVista Launch Pad window, click the Add Product button and select the appropriate product as follows.
Select the Web option to ensure the most recent software release, or select CD if you do not have an Internet
connection, then click the Add Now button to list software items for the product. EnerVista Launchpad obtains the
software from the Internet or DVD and automatically starts the installation program.
Figure 3-54: Identifying the UR device type
6. Select the complete path, including the new directory name, where the EnerVista UR Setup software is to be installed.
7. Click the Next button to begin the installation. The files are installed in the directory indicated, and the installation
program automatically creates icons and adds an entry to the Windows start menu.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION ADD DEVICE TO SOFTWARE
8. Click Finish to complete the installation. The UR device is added to the list of installed intelligent electronic devices
(IEDs) in the EnerVista Launchpad window, as shown.
Figure 3-55: UR device added to Launchpad window
3.7 Add device to software

You connect remotely to the D30 through the rear RS485 or Ethernet port with a computer running the EnerVista UR Setup
software. The D30 also can be accessed locally with a computer through the front panel RS232 port or the rear Ethernet
port using the Quick Connect feature.
The following procedures are outlined:
• Add device for serial access; see the Configure Serial Connection section
• Add device for the rear Ethernet port; see the Configure Ethernet Connection section
• Add device for access using a modem; see the Configure Modem Connection section
• Connect locally with a computer through either the front RS232 port or rear Ethernet port; see the Connect to the D30
section
• Discover automatically UR devices within a network; see the Automatic Discovery of UR Devices section
Devices are listed in the order entered in the Device Setup window.
Devices are listed alphabetically in the main software window, for example B30, B90, T35. Use the Device Name to order
them as required, for example B30 Odessa, B30 Truro, B90, T35.
You cannot import a file to add a device to the software. You can import settings as outlined at the end of the chapter.
The Quick Connect button can also be used to add devices. The device is added to a Quick Connect menu item in the
Online Window area, cannot be moved from it to another grouping, and needs to be renamed in the Device Setup window.
GE instead recommends using the Device Setup window to add devices, as outlined here.
3.7.1 Set IP address in UR

The IP and subnet addresses need to be added to the UR for Ethernet communication.
For serial communication, for example using the front RS232 port and the Quick Connect feature, the addresses are not
required, but typically they are entered to add/configure devices for regular use.
1. On the front of the D30, press the MENU key until the Settings menu displays.
2. Navigate to Settings  Product Setup  Communications  Network  IP Address Setting.
3. Enter an IP address, for example “1.1.1.1,” and press the ENTER key to save the value.
4. In the same menu, select the Subnet IP Mask setting.
5. Enter a subnet IP address, for example “255.0.0.0,” and press the ENTER key to save the value.

ADD DEVICE TO SOFTWARE CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
If using a blue or grey Ethernet cable, skip the rest of the this section. If using an orange cross-over Ethernet cable, the
computer needs to be set up as follows.
1. Use an orange Ethernet cross-over cable to connect the computer to the rear Ethernet port. In case you need it, the
following figure shows the pinout for an Ethernet cross-over cable.
Figure 3-56: Ethernet cross-over cable PIN layout
3
Next, assign the computer an IP address compatible with the relay’s IP address.
1. From the Windows desktop, right-click the My Network Places icon and select Properties to open the network
connections window. Or in Windows 7, access the Network and Sharing Center in the Control Panel.

2. Right-click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties.
3. Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item from the list, and click the Properties button.
4. Click the “Use the following IP address” box.

5. Enter an IP address with the first three numbers the same as the IP address of the D30 relay and the last number
different (in this example, 1.1.1.2).
6. Enter a subnet mask equal to the one set in the D30 (in this example, 255.0.0.0).
7. Click the OK button to save the values.

Before continuing, test the Ethernet connection.

1. Open a Windows console window, for example by selecting Start > Run from the Windows Start menu and typing
“cmd” or clicking the Start button and entering "cmd".
2. Type the following command, substituting the IP address of 1.1.1.1 with yours:
C:\WINNT>ping 1.1.1.1
3. If the connection is successful, the system returns four replies similar to the following:
Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 1.1.1.1:
3 Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip time in milliseconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0 ms
4. Note that the values for time and TTL vary depending on local network configuration.
5. If the following sequence of messages appears when entering the C:\WINNT>ping 1.1.1.1 command:
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),
verify the physical connection between the D30 and the computer, and double-check the programmed IP address in
the Product Setup  Communications  Network  IP Address setting, then repeat step 2.
Hardware error.
Hardware error.
Hardware error.
Hardware error.
verify the physical connection between the D30 and the computer, and double-check the programmed IP address in
the PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  NETWORK  IP ADDRESS setting, then repeat step 2.
Destination host unreachable.
verify the IP address is programmed in the local computer by entering the ipconfig command in the command
window.
C:\WINNT>ipconfig

Windows IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter <F4FE223E-5EB6-4BFB-9E34-1BD7BE7F59FF>:
Connection-specific DNS suffix. . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 0.0.0.0
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 0.0.0.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . :
Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
Connection-specific DNS suffix . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 1.1.1.2
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.0.0.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . :
C:\WINNT>
Before using the Quick Connect feature through the Ethernet port, disable any configured proxy settings in Internet
Explorer.
1. Start the Internet Explorer software.
3
2. Select the Tools > Internet Options menu item and click the Connections tab.
3. Click on the LAN Settings button to open the following window.
4. Ensure that the “Use a proxy server for your LAN” box is not checked.
If this computer is used to connect to the Internet, re-enable any proxy server settings after the computer has been
disconnected from the D30 relay.
1. Start the Internet Explorer software.
2. Select the UR device from the EnerVista Launchpad to start EnerVista UR Setup.

3. Click the Quick Connect button to open the window.
3 4. Select the Ethernet interface and enter the IP address assigned to the D30, then click the Connect button. The
EnerVista UR Setup software creates a site named “Quick Connect” with a corresponding device also named “Quick
Connect” and displays them on the left side of the screen.
5. Expand the sections to view data directly from the D30 device.
Each time that the EnerVista UR Setup software is initialized, click the Quick Connect button to establish direct
communications to the D30. This ensures that configuration of the EnerVista UR Setup software matches the D30 model
number.
When direct communications with the D30 via Ethernet is complete, make the following changes:
1. From the Windows desktop, right-click the My Network Places icon and select Properties to open the network
connections window.
2. Right-click the Local Area Connection icon and select the Properties item.
3. Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item from the list provided and click the Properties button.
4. Set the computer to “Obtain a relay address automatically” as shown.

If the computer is used to connect to the Internet, re-enable any proxy server settings after the computer has been
disconnected from the D30 relay.
3.7.2 Configure serial connection

Two options are possible: local connection between computer and front RS232 port, and remote connection using the rear
RS485 port.
For the RS232 connection, a computer with an RS232 port and a serial cable are required.
To use the RS485 port at the back of the relay, a GE Grid Solutions F485 converter (or compatible RS232-to-RS485
converter) is required. See the F485 instruction manual for details.
1. Connect the computer to the F485 and the F485 to the RS485 terminal on the back of the UR device. Or connect
directly the computer to the RS232 port on the front of the relay.
2.
3.
Start the EnerVista UR Setup software, or in EnerVista Launchpad select the UR device to start the software.
Click the Add Site button. A new category is added.
3
4. Enter a site name in the Site Name field. Optionally add a short Description of the site. This example uses “Location 1”
as the site name. Click the OK button. The new site appears in the Online Window area.
5. Click the Device Setup button. The window opens.
6. Select the new site.
7. Click the Add Device button. A new device is added.
8. Enter a name in the Device Name field, up to 15 characters, and optionally add a Description of the site. The Color is
for the text in the device list in the Online Window.
9. Select “Serial” from the Interface drop-down list. Interface parameters display that must be entered for serial
communications. Try to load automatically the fields by clicking the Read Order Code button.

Figure 3-57: Configuring serial communication
10. Enter the COM port used by the computer, the baud rate, and parity settings from the front panel SETTINGS  PRODUCT
SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  SERIAL PORTS menu, and the relay slave address setting from the front panel SETTINGS
 PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  MODBUS PROTOCOL  MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS menu in their respective
fields.
Baud Rate — Typically 19200 for RS232 and higher for RS485. Both modems need to use the same rate.
Parity — Set to None if unsure
Bits — Set to 8 if unsure
Stop Bits — Set to 1 if unsure
Post Terminal Window — Enable this option if you have a SEL-203x Communications Processor, such as an SEL-2030
or SEL-2032. This option enables display of a terminal window to allow interaction with the other device.
11. Click the Read Order Code button to connect to the D30 and upload the order code to the software. If a
communications error occurs, ensure that the EnerVista software serial communications values entered in the
previous step correspond to the relay setting values, and also ensure that the same IP address is not assigned to
multiple D30 ports.
12. Click the OK button when the relay order code has been received. The new device is added to the Online Window.
The device has been configured for serial communications. Proceed to the Connect to the D30 section to begin
communication.
3.7.3 Configure Ethernet connection

You connect the Ethernet cable, define a site, then add the relay as a device at that site. The computer and UR device must
be on the same subnet.
1. Connect the Ethernet network cable to the Ethernet port on the back of the device.

2. Start the EnerVista UR Setup software, or in EnerVista Launchpad select the UR device to start the software.
3. Click the Add Site button. A new category is added.
4. Enter a site name in the Site Name field. Optionally add a short Description of the site. This example uses “Location 1”
as the site name. Click the OK button. The new site appears in the Online Window area.
9. Select “Ethernet” from the Interface drop-down list. This displays a number of interface parameters that must be
entered for Ethernet functionality.
Figure 3-58: Configuring Ethernet communication
3
10. Enter the relay IP Address, which can be viewed on the device front panel under SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP 
COMMUNICATIONS  NETWORK  IP ADDRESS. Once the IP address is entered, try to load automatically the device
information by clicking the Read Order Code button.
11. Enter the relay Slave address and Modbus Port address values from the settings in the front panel SETTINGS 
PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS MODBUS PROTOCOL menu.
12. If using a gateway to connect to the device, select Yes from the drop-down list.
13. Click the Read Order Code button to connect to the D30 device and upload the order code. If the device was entered
already, a message displays "Device ’x’ is also using IP address...." If a communications error occurs, ensure that the
values entered in the previous steps correspond to the relay setting values, and also ensure that the same IP address
is not assigned to multiple D30 ports.
14. Click the OK button when the relay order code has been received. The device is added to the Online Window.

The device has been configured for Ethernet communications. Proceed to the Connect to the D30 section to begin
communications.
3.7.4 Configure modem connection

A modem connection allows a computer to communicate with a UR device over phone lines.
A remote modem is connected to the UR device, either by connecting the serial cable to the front panel port or through a
RS485 box to the rear terminals of the UR device. The computer is connected to a local modem that initiates the
connection.
To add a UR device for modem connections:
1. Connect the modems to the computer and UR.
3 3. Click the Device Setup button. The window opens.
4. Click the Add Site button. A new category is added.
5. Enter a site name in the Site Name field, such as London East. Optionally add a short Description of the site, such as
the address or intersection. Click the OK button. The new site appears in the Online Window area.
10. Select “Modem” from the Interface drop-down list. This displays a number of interface parameters that must be
entered.
11. Select "Generic Modem" from the Modem Name drop-down list, then enter the Phone Number to dial to establish
communication with the remote modem.
Post Terminal Window — Enable this option if you have a SEL-203x Communications Processor, such as an SEL-2030
or SEL-2032. It enables display of a terminal window to allow interaction with the other device.
12. Once the phone number is entered, try to load automatically the device information by clicking the Read Order Code
button.
13. Click the OK button when the relay order code has been received. The new device is added to the Online window.
The UR device has been added to the software.
3.7.5 Automatic discovery of UR devices

The EnerVista UR Setup software can automatically discover and communicate to all UR-family devices located on an
Ethernet network.
Using the Discover button in the Device Setup window, a single click of the mouse triggers the software to detect any URs
located on the network. This is done by searching a range of IP addresses based on the subnet mask of the computer.
When a UR device is detected, the EnerVista UR Setup software proceeds to configure all settings and order code options
in the window. This feature allows the user to identify and interrogate all UR devices at a location.
Examples of address ranges are as follows:
• If the host has an IP address of 3.94.247.10 and its subnet mask is 255.255.252.0, then the host’s subnet is 3.94.244.0,
and the possible IP addresses in this subnet are 3.94.244.1~254, 3.94.245.1~254, 3.94.246.1~254 and 3.94.247.1~254.
The discover function scans all those possible IP addresses to detect UR relays.
• If the host has an IP address of 3.94.247.145 and its subnet mask is 255.255.255.128, then the host’s subnet is
3.94.247.128, and the discover function scans IP addresses of 3.94.247.128 to 3.94.248.254 for UR relays
To automatically add UR devices:
1. In the EnerVista software, click the Device Setup button. The window opens.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION CONNECT TO THE D30
2. Click the Discover button. The software searches for UR devices on the computer subnet and adds any found to the
Online Window area. If a required device is not found, add it manually as outlined earlier.
Figure 3-59: Discover button to detect UR devices in network
3
3.8 Connect to the D30
There are four ways to the connect to the device, as follows:
• RS232 port (outlined here)
• RS485 port
• Ethernet port (outlined here)
• LAN
When unable to connect because of an "ACCESS VIOLATION," access Device Setup and refresh the order code for the
device.
When unable to connect, ensure that the same IP address is not assigned to multiple D30 ports, for example under
Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Network.
When multiple computers are connected to a D30 device, EnerVista settings windows are not updated
automatically. They are refreshed when re-opened. If a user changes a setting on one computer, the other users
need to refresh the display by closing and opening the settings window to see the change. To ensure that current
settings are always viewed, close settings windows when not in use so that they are up-to-date when next
accessed.
3.8.1 Connect to the D30 in EnerVista

For information on using the EnerVista software, see the Interfaces chapter.
To access the relay in EnerVista:
1. Open the Settings > Product Setup > Display Properties window as shown. The window opens with a status indicator
on the lower left of the EnerVista UR Setup window.

CONNECT TO THE D30 CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
Figure 3-60: EnerVista window
2. If the status indicator is red, verify that the Ethernet network cable is properly connected to the Ethernet port on the
back of the relay and that the relay has been properly set up for communications (steps A and B earlier).
3. If a relay icon appears in place of the status indicator, then a report (such as an oscillography or event record) is open.
Close the report to re-display the green status indicator.
4. The Display Properties settings can now be edited, printed, or changed.
3.8.1.1 Quick action hot links

The EnerVista UR Setup software has several quick action buttons to provide instant access to several functions that are
performed often when using URs. From the online window, users can select the relay to interrogate from a pull-down
window, then click the button for the action to perform. The following quick action functions are available:
• View the event record
• View the last recorded oscillography record
• View the status of all D30 inputs and outputs
• View all of the D30 metering values
• View the D30 protection summary
• Generate a service report
3.8.2 Use Quick Connect via the front panel RS232 port
To connect to the UR from a computer using a serial cable:
1. Connect a nine-pin to nine-pin RS232 serial cable to the computer and the front panel RS232 port.
2. Verify that the latest version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed (available from the GE EnerVista DVD or
online from http://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin). See the software installation section if not already installed.
4. Click the Quick Connect button to open the window.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION SET UP CYBERSENTRY AND CHANGE DEFAULT PASSWORD
Figure 3-61: Quick Connect window to access a device
5. Select the serial Interface and the communications port (COM Port) from the drop-down lists, then click Connect. The 3
COM Port is that of the computer.
6. The EnerVista software creates a site named “Quick Connect” with a corresponding device also named “Quick
Connect” and displays them in the Online Window. Expand the sections to view data directly from the UR device. Use
the Device Setup button to change the site name.
Each time that the EnerVista UR Setup software is initialized, click the Quick Connect button to establish direct
communications to the D30. This ensures that configuration of the EnerVista UR Setup software matches the D30 model
number.
3.8.3 Use Quick Connect via a rear Ethernet port

To connect to a UR using an Ethernet cable:
1. In the EnerVista software, click the Quick Connect button. The window opens.
2. Select the Ethernet interface and enter the IP address assigned to the D30, then click the Connect button. The
EnerVista UR Setup software creates a site named “Quick Connect” with a corresponding device also named "Quick
Connect" and displays them in the Online Window.
3. Expand the sections to view data directly from the D30 device. Use the Device Setup button to change the site name.
Each time that the EnerVista software is initialized, click the Quick Connect button to establish direct communications to
the D30. This ensures that configuration of the EnerVista UR Setup software matches the D30 model number.
3.9 Set up CyberSentry and change default password

If and when first using CyberSentry security, use the following procedure for set up.
1. Log in to the relay as Administrator by using the VALUE keys on the front panel or through EnerVista connected serially
(so that no IP address is required). If logging in through EnerVista choose Device authentication. Enter the default

IMPORT SETTINGS CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION
password "ChangeMe1#". Note that the "Lock relay" setting needs to be disabled in the Security > Supervisory menu.
When this setting is disabled, configuration and firmware upgrade are possible. By default, this setting is disabled.
2. Enable the Supervisor role if you have a need for it.
3. Make any required changes in configuration, such as setting a valid IP address for communication over Ethernet.
4. Log out of the Administrator account by choosing None.
Next, device or server authentication can be chosen on the login screen, but the choice is available only in EnerVista. Use
device authentication to log in using the five pre-configured roles (Administrator, Supervisor, Engineer, Operator, Observer,
or Administrator and Supervisor when device authentication is disabled). When using a serial connection, only Device
authentication is supported. When Server authentication is required, characteristics for communication with a RADIUS
server must be configured on the UR. This is possible only through the EnerVista software. The RADIUS server itself also
must be configured. At the end of this instruction manual, the appendix called RADIUS Server gives an example of how to
set up a simple RADIUS server. Once both the RADIUS server and the parameters for connecting UR to the server have
been configured, you can choose Server authentication on the login screen of EnerVista.
3 Figure 3-62: Login screen for CyberSentry
During the commissioning phase, you have the option to bypass the use of passwords. Do so by enabling the Bypass
Access setting under Settings > Product Setup > Security > Supervisory. Be sure to disable this bypass setting after
commissioning the device.
You can change the password for any role either from the front panel or through EnerVista.
If using EnerVista, navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Security. Change the Local Administrator Password, for
example. It is strongly recommended that the password for the Administrator be changed from the default. Changing the
passwords for the other three roles is optional.
3.10 Import settings

The following file types can be imported:
• URS — UR settings file (firmware version7.3x or earlier)
• IID — Instantiated IED capability description file — Actual settings on UR
• CID — Configured IED description file — Settings sent to the UR (may or may not be actual settings)
The import is done in the Offline Window area.
To import a settings file:
1. In the Offline Window area, right-click the device and select the Add Device from File option.
2. If required, change the Files of type drop-down list.
3. Select the file to import.
To apply the settings to a live device, drag-and-drop the device entry from the Offline Window area to its entry in the
Online Window area.

CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION IMPORT SETTINGS
Individual settings also can be dragged and dropped between Online and Offline Window areas. The order codes much
match.

IMPORT SETTINGS CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION

Chapter 4: Interfaces
Interfaces
This chapter explains the EnerVista software interface, the front panel interface, logic diagrams, and Engineer interface for
logic design and monitoring.
4.1 EnerVista software interface

4.1.1 Introduction
The EnerVista UR Setup software provides a single facility to configure, monitor, maintain, and troubleshoot relay functions,
connected over local or wide area communication networks. It can be used while disconnected (offline) or connected
(online) to a UR device. In offline mode, settings files can be created for eventual downloading to the device. In online
mode, you communicate with the device in real-time.
The EnerVista UR Setup software is provided with every D30. This chapter outlines the EnerVista software interface
features. The EnerVista UR Setup Help File also provides details for getting started and using the software interface.
4.1.2 Settings files

The EnerVista software supports the following three ways of handling changes to relay settings:
• In offline mode (relay disconnected) to create or edit relay settings files for later transfer to relays
• While connected to a communicating relay to modify directly any relay settings via relay data view windows, and then
save the settings to the relay
• Create/edit settings files and then write them to the relay while connected to the relay
See the back up section in the Maintenance chapter for instructions on how to create a settings file either offline or online.
Settings files are organized on the basis of file names assigned by the user. A settings file contains data pertaining to the
following types of relay settings:
• Device definition
• Product setup
• System setup
• FlexLogic
• Grouped elements
• Control elements
• Inputs/outputs

ENERVISTA SOFTWARE INTERFACE CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES
• Remote resources
• Testing
Factory default values are supplied and can be restored after any changes.
The following communications settings are not transferred to the D30 with settings files:
Modbus Slave Address
Modbus TCP Port Number
RS485 COM2 Baud Rate
RS485 COM2 Parity
COM2 Minimum Response Time
COM2 Selection
RRTD Slave Address
RRTD Baud Rate
IP Address
IP Subnet Mask
IP Routing
When a settings file is loaded to a D30 that is in-service, the following sequence occurs:
4 1. The D30 takes itself out of service.
2. The D30 issues a UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED major self-test error.
3. The D30 closes the critical fail contact.
The Maintenance chapter outlines how to use a settings file in the .urs format for backup and restore.
4.1.3 Event viewing

While the interface is in either online or offline mode, you can view and analyze data generated by triggered parameters,
via one of the following:
• Event recorder — The event recorder captures contextual data associated with the last 1024 events, listed in
chronological order from most recent to oldest
• Oscillography — The oscillography waveform traces and digital states are used to provide a visual display of power
system and relay operation data captured during specific triggered events
Event records are viewable at the software and device-specific level. Access the former under Admin > Event Log > View.
Access the latter for a device under Actual Values > Records > Event Record.
Event record entries are explained in the next chapter for CyberSentry. The following table outlines some software-level
entries.
Table 4-1: Event records explained
Event Description
EnerVista UR Setup SESSION STARTED The EnerVista software was launched
Language was changed. The user changed the software language using the View > Language menu item
DEFAULT USERS CREATED The user management window was launched using the Admin > User Management menu
item
: Successful upload of firmware The firmware on a device was upgraded
END
Firmware verified
Firmware uploaded
Firmware erased
START: Upload new firmware
EnerVista UR Setup EVENT LOG CLEARED The event record was cleared. All event records were deleted using the Admin > Event Log >
Clear menu item.

CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES ENERVISTA SOFTWARE INTERFACE
4.1.4 File support

The following support applies, where the Settings List is at the bottom left and the Site List is at the top left of the EnerVista
window:
• Execution — Any EnerVista UR Setup file that is opened launches the application or provides focus to the already
opened application. If the file was a settings file (has a .urs extension) that had been removed from the Settings List
navigation menu, it is added back to the menu.
• Drag and Drop — The device settings and individual settings can be dragged and dropped between the Online and
Offline Window areas. Also, any Windows Explorer directory folder is a file drag source and drop target.
New files that are dropped into the Offline Window are added to the tree, which is automatically sorted alphabetically
with respect to settings file names. Files or individual menu items that are dropped in the selected device menu in the
Online Window are automatically sent to the online communicating device.
4.1.5 EnerVista main window

The EnerVista UR Setup software window has the following components:
1. Title bar that shows the pathname of the active data view or the name of the software
2. Main window menu bar
3. Main window tool bar 4
4. Site list / online window area
5. Settings list / offline window area
6. Software windows, with common tool bar
7. Settings file data view windows, with common tool bar
8. Workspace area with data view tabs
9. Status bar
10. Quick action hot links

Figure 4-1: EnerVista UR Setup software window
4.1.6 Protection summary window

The Protection Summary is a graphical user interface to manage elements, such as enabling and disabling them. Access it
under Settings > Protection Summary. See the Settings chapter for information on use.

Figure 4-2: Protection Summary interface (B30 example shown)
4.1.7 Settings templates

Settings file templates simplify the configuration and commissioning of multiple relays that protect similar assets. An
example is a substation that has 10 similar feeders protected by 10 UR-series F60 relays.
In these situations, typically 90% or greater of the settings are identical among devices. The templates allow engineers to
configure and test these common settings, then lock them so that they are not available to users. For example, locked
down settings can be hidden from view for field engineers, allowing them to quickly identify and concentrate on specific
settings.
The remaining settings (typically 10% or less) can be specified as editable and made available to field engineers installing
the devices. These are settings such as protection element pickup values and CT and VT ratios.
The settings template mode allows the user to define which settings are visible in the software. Settings templates can be
applied to both settings files (settings file templates) and online devices (online settings templates). The functionality is
identical for both purposes.
Template mode is available in English only.
Settings file conversion from previous firmware versions is supported.
4.1.7.1 Enable the settings template

The settings file template feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled in offline or online mode.
The following procedure outlines how to enable in offline mode the settings template for UR settings files.
1. Select a settings file from the offline window of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen.
2. Right-click the selected device or settings file and select the Template Mode > Create Template option.
The settings file template is now enabled and the file menus displayed in light blue. A message displays. The settings file is
now in template editing mode.

Alternatively, the settings template can be applied to online settings, as follows.

1. Select an installed device in the online window of the EnerVista UR Setup window.
2. Right-click the selected device and select the Template Mode > Create Template option.The software prompts for a
template password. This password is required to use the template feature and must be at least four characters in
length.
The software prompts for a template password. This password is required to use the template feature and must be at
least four characters in length.
Figure 4-3: Entering a settings file password
4 3. Enter and re-enter the new password, then click OK to continue.

The online settings template is now enabled. The device is now in template editing mode.
4.1.7.2 Edit the settings template

The settings template editing feature allows the user to specify which settings are available for viewing and modification in
EnerVista UR Setup. By default, all settings except the FlexLogic equation editor settings are locked.
1. Select an installed device or a settings file from the menu on the left side of the EnerVista UR Setup window.
2. Right-click and select the Template Mode > Edit Template option to place the device in template editing mode.
3. If prompted, enter the template password then click OK.
4. Open the relevant settings window that contains settings to be specified as viewable.
By default, all settings are specified as locked and displayed against a grey background. The icon on the upper right of
the settings window also indicates that the EnerVista software is in EDIT mode. The following example shows the
phase time overcurrent settings window in edit mode.
Figure 4-4: Settings template with all settings specified as locked
5. Specify the settings to make viewable by clicking them.

A setting available to view is displayed against a yellow background.

Figure 4-5: Settings template with two settings specified as editable
6. Click the Save button to save changes to the settings template.

7. Continue through any other settings window to specify all viewable settings.
4.1.7.3 Add password protection to a template

4
It is highly recommended that templates be saved with password protection to maximize security.
The following procedure outlines how to add password protection to a settings file template.
1. Select a settings file from the offline window on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup window.
2. Select the Template Mode > Password Protect Template option.
The software prompts for a template password. This password must be at least four characters in length.
3. Enter and re-enter the new password, then click OK to continue.

The settings file template is now secured with password protection.
When templates are created for online settings, the password is added during the initial template creation step. It
does not need to be added after the template is created.
4.1.7.4 View the settings template

Once all necessary settings are specified for viewing, users are able to view the settings template on the online device or
settings file. There are two ways to specify the settings view with the settings template feature:
• Display only those settings available for editing
• Display all settings, with settings not available for editing greyed-out
To display only the settings available for editing:
1. Select an installed device or a settings file from the left menu of the EnerVista UR Setup window.
2. Apply the template by selecting the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option.

3. Enter the template password then click OK to apply the template.

Once the template has been applied, users are limited to view and edit the settings specified by the template. The effect of
applying the template to the phase time overcurrent settings is shown.
Figure 4-6: Applying templates using the View in Template Mode command
Viewing the settings in template mode also modifies the settings menu, showing only the settings categories that contain
editable settings. The effect of applying the template to a typical settings menu is shown as follows.
Figure 4-7: Applying templates using the View in Template Mode settings command
Use the following procedure to display settings available for editing and settings locked by the template.
1. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen.
2. Apply the template by selecting the Template Mode > View All Settings option.
3. Enter the template password then click OK to apply the template.
Once the template has been applied, users are limited to edit the settings specified by the template, but all settings are
shown. The effect of applying the template to the phase time overcurrent settings is shown as follows.

Figure 4-8: Applying templates using the View All Settings command
4
4.1.7.5 Remove the settings template
It can be necessary at some point to remove a settings template. Once a template is removed, it cannot be reapplied and
a new settings template needs to be defined before use.
1. Select an installed device or settings file on the left side of the EnerVista UR Setup window.
2. Right-click and select the Template Mode > Remove Settings Template option.
3. Enter the template password and click OK to continue.
4. Confirm that you want to remove the template by clicking Yes.
The EnerVista software removes all template information and all settings are available.
4.1.8 Secure and lock FlexLogic equations

The UR allows users to secure parts or all of a FlexLogic equation, preventing unauthorized viewing or modification of
critical FlexLogic applications. This is accomplished using the settings template feature to lock individual entries within
FlexLogic equations.
Secured FlexLogic equations remain secure when files are sent to and retrieved from any UR-series device.
Locking can be tied to the serial number too.
4.1.8.1 Lock FlexLogic equations

To lock individual entries of a FlexLogic equation:
1. Right-click the settings file or online device and select the Template Mode > Create Template item to enable the
settings template feature.

2. If prompted, enter a password.

3. Select the FlexLogic > FlexLogic Equation Editor settings menu item.
By default, all FlexLogic entries are specified as viewable and displayed against a yellow background. The icon on the
upper right of the window also indicates that EnerVista UR Setup is in EDIT mode.
4. Specify which entries to lock by clicking them.
The locked entries display against a grey background as shown in the example.
Figure 4-9: Locking FlexLogic equation entries in Edit Mode
5. Click the Save button to save and apply changes to the settings template.
6. Select the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option to view the template.
7. Apply a password to the template then click OK to secure the FlexLogic equation.
Once the template has been applied, users are limited to view and edit the FlexLogic entries not locked by the template.
The effect of applying the template to the FlexLogic entries is shown here.
Figure 4-10: Locking FlexLogic entries through settings templates
The FlexLogic entries are also shown as locked in the graphical view and on the front panel display.

Figure 4-11: Secured FlexLogic in graphical view
4.1.8.2 Lock FlexLogic equations to the serial number

A settings file and associated FlexLogic equations also can be locked to a UR serial number. Once FlexLogic entries in a
settings file have been secured, use the following procedure to lock the settings file to a serial number.
1. Right-click the setting file in the offline window area and select the Edit Device Properties item. The window opens.

Figure 4-12: Settings file properties window
2. Enter the serial number of the D30 device to lock to the settings file in the Serial Lock field.
3. Click the OK button to apply the change.
The settings file and corresponding secure FlexLogic equations are now locked to the D30 device specified by the serial
number.
4.1.9 Settings file traceability

A traceability feature for settings files allows the user to quickly determine if the settings in a D30 device have been
changed since the time of installation from a settings file. When a settings file is transferred to a D30 device, the date, time,
and serial number of the D30 are sent back to EnerVista UR Setup and added to the settings file on the local computer. This
information can be compared with the D30 actual values at any later date to determine if security has been compromised.
The traceability information is only included in the settings file if a complete settings file is either transferred to the D30
device or obtained from the D30 device. Any partial settings transfers by way of drag and drop do not add the traceability
information to the settings file.

Figure 4-13: Settings file traceability
With respect to the figure, the traceability feature is used as follows.

1. The transfer date of a settings file written to a D30 is logged in the relay and can be viewed in the EnerVista software
or the front panel display. Likewise, the transfer date of a settings file saved to a local computer is logged in the
EnerVista software.
2. Comparing the dates stored in the relay and on the settings file at any time in the future indicates if any changes have
been made to the relay configuration since the settings file was saved.
4.1.9.1 Settings file traceability information

The serial number and file transfer date are saved in the settings files when they are sent to a D30 device.
The D30 serial number and file transfer date are included in the settings file device definition within the EnerVista UR Setup
offline window as shown in the example.
Figure 4-14: Device definition showing traceability data
This information is also available in printed settings file reports as shown in the example.

Figure 4-15: Settings file report showing traceability data
4.1.9.2 Online device traceability information

The D30 serial number and file transfer date are available for an online device through the actual values. Select the Actual
Values > Product Info > Model Information menu item within the EnerVista online window as shown in the example.
Figure 4-16: Traceability data in Actual Values window
This information is also available from the front panel display through the following actual values:
ACTUAL VALUES  PRODUCT INFO  MODEL INFORMATION  SERIAL NUMBER
ACTUAL VALUES  PRODUCT INFO  MODEL INFORMATION  LAST SETTING CHANGE
4.1.9.3 Additional traceability rules

The following additional rules apply for the traceability feature:
• If the user changes any settings within the settings file in the offline window, then the traceability information is
removed from the settings file
• If the user creates a new settings file, then no traceability information is included in the settings file
• If the user converts an existing settings file to another revision, then any existing traceability information is removed
from the settings file
• If the user duplicates an existing settings file, then any traceability information is transferred to the duplicate settings
file

CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES FRONT PANEL INTERFACE
4.2 Front panel interface

This section explains use of the front panel, including how to customize the labels.
4.2.1 Front panel display

Messages display on a backlit liquid crystal display (LCD) to make them visible under poor lighting conditions. When the
keypad and display are not actively being used, the display defaults to user-defined messages. Any high-priority event-
driven message overrides the default messages and displays.
Settings files conversion from previous firmware versions is supported.
Up to 20 characters can be used to configure some setting names in the software, while up to 12 characters display on the
front panel. A tilde ~ symbol is used for the twelfth character on the front panel when a name extends beyond the 12
character limit. An example is shown for a Virtual Input.
Figure 4-17: Tilde symbols displays with names 12 or more characters long
The front panel can be viewed and used in the EnerVista software, for example to view an error message displayed on the
front panel.
To view the front panel in EnerVista software:
1. Click Actual Values > Front Panel.
Figure 4-18: Front panel use in the software (C60 shown)

FRONT PANEL INTERFACE CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES
4.2.2 Front panel keypad

Display messages are organized into pages under the following headings: actual values, settings, commands, and targets.
The MENU key navigates through these pages. Each heading page is divided further into further submenus.
The MESSAGE keys navigate through the submenus. The VALUE keys increment or decrement numerical setting values when
in programming mode. These keys also scroll through alphanumeric values in the text edit mode. Alternatively, values can
be entered with the numeric keypad.
The decimal key initiates and advances to the next character in text edit mode or enters a decimal point.
The HELP key can be pressed at any time for context-sensitive help messages.
The ENTER key stores setting values.
When entering an IP address on the front panel, key in the first sequence of the number, then press the • key for the
decimal place. For example, for 127.0.0.1, press 127, then •, then 0, then •, then 0, then •, then 1. To save the address, press
the ENTER key.
The figure shows the sequence to use to enter a setting. Subsequent sections provide more detail.
Figure 4-19: Front panel keypad use
4.2.3 Menu navigation

Press the MENU key to select a header display page (top-level menu). The header title appears momentarily followed by a
header display page menu item. Each press of the MENU key advances through the following main headings:
• Actual Values
• Settings
• Commands
• Targets
• Factory Service
• User displays (when enabled)
4.2.4 Menu hierarchy

The setting and actual value messages are arranged hierarchically. The header display pages are indicated by double
scroll bars (), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar (). The header display pages represent the
highest level of the hierarchy and the sub-header display pages fall below this level. The MESSAGE up and down arrow keys
move within a group of headers, sub-headers, setting values, or actual values. Continually pressing the MESSAGE right
arrow from a header display displays specific information for the category. Conversely, continually pressing the MESSAGE
left arrow from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display.

Default values are indicated in this instruction manual in mixed case. In the example shown here, the default access level is
Restricted.
Highest level Lowest level (setting value)
 SETTINGS  SECURITY ACCESS LEVEL:

 PRODUCT SETUP    Restricted

 SETTINGS
 SYSTEM SETUP
4.2.4.1 Example
 ACTUAL VALUES Press the MENU key until the header for the first Actual Values page appears. This page contains
 STATUS system and relay status information. Repeatedly press the MESSAGE keys to display the other
actual value headers.

 SETTINGS Press the MENU key until the header for the first page of Settings appears. This page contains
 PRODUCT SETUP settings to configure the relay.
4

 SETTINGS Press the MESSAGE down arrow to move to the next Settings page. This page contains settings
 SYSTEM SETUP for System Setup. Repeatedly press the MESSAGE up and down arrows to display the other
setting headers and then back to the first Settings page header.

 SECURITY From the Settings page one header (Product Setup), press the MESSAGE right arrow once to
 display the first sub-header (Security).

ACCESS LEVEL: Press the MESSAGE right arrow once more and this displays the first setting for Security.
Restricted Pressing the MESSAGE down arrow repeatedly displays the remaining setting messages for the
Security sub-header.

 SECURITY Press the MESSAGE left arrow once to move back to the first sub-header message.


 DISPLAY Pressing the MESSAGE down arrow displays the second setting sub-header associated with the
 PROPERTIES Product Setup header.

FLASH MESSAGE Press the MESSAGE right arrow once more to display the first setting for Display Properties.
TIME: 10.0 s
4.2.5 Changing settings

4.2.5.1 Entering numerical data
Each numerical setting has its own minimum, maximum, and increment value associated with it. These parameters define
what values are acceptable for a setting.
FLASH MESSAGE For example, select the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES  FLASH
TIME: 10.0 s MESSAGE TIME setting.


MINIMUM: 0.5 Press the HELP key to view the minimum and maximum values. Press the key again to view the
MAXIMUM: 10.0 next context sensitive help message.
Two methods of editing and storing a numerical setting value are available.
• 0 to 9 and decimal point — The relay numeric keypad works the same as a calculator. A number is entered one digit at
a time. The leftmost digit is entered first and the rightmost digit is entered last. Pressing the MESSAGE left arrow or
pressing the ESCAPE key, returns the original value to the display.
• VALUE keys — The VALUE up arrow increments the displayed value by the step value, up to the maximum value
allowed. While at the maximum value, pressing the VALUE up arrow again allows the setting selection to continue
upward from the minimum value. The VALUE down arrow decrements the displayed value by the step value, down to
the minimum value. While at the minimum value, pressing the VALUE down arrow again allows the setting selection to
continue downward from the maximum value.
FLASH MESSAGE As an example, set the flash message time setting to 2.5 seconds. Press the appropriate numeric
TIME: 2.5 s keys in the sequence “2 . 5". The display message changes as the digits are being entered.

NEW SETTING Until ENTER is pressed, editing changes are not registered by the relay. Press ENTER to store the
HAS BEEN STORED new value in memory. This flash message momentarily appears as confirmation of the storing
4 process. Numerical values that contain decimal places are rounded-off if more decimal place digits
are entered than specified by the step value.
4.2.5.2 Entering enumeration data

Enumeration settings have data values that are part of a set, whose members are explicitly defined by a name. A set has
two or more members.
ACCESS LEVEL: For example, the selections available for ACCESS LEVEL are "Restricted," "Command," "Setting," and
Restricted "Factory Service."
Enumeration type values are changed using the VALUE keys. The VALUE up arrow displays the next selection while the
VALUE down arrow displays the previous selection.
ACCESS LEVEL: If the ACCESS LEVEL needs to be "Setting," press the VALUE keys until the proper selection displays.
Setting Press HELP at any time for the context sensitive help messages.

NEW SETTING Changes are not registered by the relay until the ENTER key is pressed. Pressing ENTER stores the
HAS BEEN STORED new value in memory. This flash message momentarily appears as confirmation.
4.2.5.3 Entering alphanumeric text

Text settings have data values that are fixed in length, but user-defined in characters. They can be upper-case letters,
lower-case letters, numerals, and a selection of special characters.
There are several places where text messages can be programmed to allow the relay to be customized for specific
applications. One example is the Message Scratchpad. Use the following procedure to enter alphanumeric text messages.
For example, enter the text “Breaker #1”.
1. Press the decimal point to enter text edit mode.
2. Press the VALUE keys until the character 'B' appears; press the decimal key to advance the cursor to the next position.
3. Repeat step 2 for the remaining characters: r,e,a,k,e,r, ,#,1.
4. Press ENTER to store the text.
5. If you have any problem, press HELP to view context sensitive help. Flash messages appear sequentially for several

seconds each. For the case of a text setting message, pressing HELP displays how to edit and store new values.
4.2.6 Faceplate
4.2.6.1 Enhanced faceplate

The front panel consists of LED panels, an RS232 port, keypad, LCD display, control pushbuttons, and optional user-
programmable pushbuttons.
The faceplate is hinged to allow access to the removable modules.
Figure 4-20: Enhanced faceplate
4.2.6.2 Standard faceplate

The front panel consists of LED panels, an RS232 port, keypad, LCD display, control pushbuttons, and optional user-
programmable pushbuttons.
The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over
the faceplate that must be removed in order to access the keypad panel. The following figure shows the horizontal
arrangement of the faceplate panel.
Figure 4-21: Standard horizontal faceplate

The following figure shows the vertical arrangement of the faceplate panel for relays ordered with the vertical option.
Figure 4-22: Standard vertical faceplate
4.2.7 LED indicators

The enhanced front panel display provides five columns of LED indicators. The first column contains 14 status and event-
cause LEDs. The next four columns contain the 48 user-programmable LEDs.
The RESET key is used to reset any latched LED indicator or target message, once the condition has been cleared (these
latched conditions can also be reset via the SETTINGS  INPUT/OUTPUTS  RESETTING menu).
The USER keys are used by the breaker control feature.

Figure 4-23: Typical LED panel for enhanced faceplate
The status indicators in the first column are as follows:

• IN SERVICE — This LED indicates that control power is applied, all monitored inputs, outputs, and internal systems are
•
OK, and that the device has been programmed
TROUBLE — This LED indicates that the relay has detected an internal problem
4
• TEST MODE — This LED indicates that the relay is in test mode. For more information, see the Test Mode section in the
Settings chapter.
• TRIP — This LED indicates that the FlexLogic operand serving as a trip switch has operated. This indicator always
latches; as such, a reset command must be initiated to allow the latch to reset.
• ALARM — This LED indicates that the FlexLogic operand serving as an alarm switch has operated. This indicator is
never latched.
• PICKUP — This LED indicates that an element is picked up. This indicator is never latched.
The event-cause indicators in the first column are as follows.
Event-cause LEDs are turned on or off by protection elements that have their respective target setting selected as either
“Enabled” or “Latched.” If a protection element target setting is “Enabled,” then the corresponding event-cause LEDs
remain on as long as the operate operand associated with the element remains asserted. If a protection element target
setting is “Latched,” then the corresponding event-cause LEDs turn on when the operate operand associated with the
element is asserted and remain on until the RESET button on the front panel is pressed after the operand is reset.
All elements that are able to discriminate faulted phases can independently turn off or on the phase A, B, or C LEDs. This
includes phase instantaneous overcurrent, phase undervoltage, and so on. This means that the phase A, B, and C operate
operands for individual protection elements are ORed to turn on or off the phase A, B, or C LEDs.
• VOLTAGE — This LED indicates voltage was involved
• CURRENT — This LED indicates current was involved
• FREQUENCY — This LED indicates frequency was involved
• OTHER — This LED indicates a composite function was involved
• PHASE A — This LED indicates phase A was involved
• PHASE B — This LED indicates phase B was involved
• PHASE C — This LED indicates phase C was involved
• NEUTRAL/GROUND — This LED indicates that neutral or ground was involved
The user-programmable LEDs consist of 48 amber LED indicators in four columns. The operation of these LEDs is user-
defined. Support for applying a customized label beside every LED is provided. Default labels are shipped in the label
package of every D30, together with custom templates. The default labels can be replaced by user-printed labels.

User customization of LED operation is of maximum benefit in installations where languages other than English are used
to communicate with operators. See the User-Programmable LEDs section in chapter 5 for the settings used to program
the operation of the LEDs on these panels.
4.2.7.2 Standard faceplate

The standard faceplate consists of three panels with LED indicators, keys, and a communications port. The RESET key is
used to reset any latched LED indicator or target message, once the condition has been cleared (these latched conditions
can also be reset via the SETTINGS  INPUT/OUTPUTS  RESETTING menu). The RS232 port is for connection to a
computer.
The USER keys are used by the breaker control feature.
Figure 4-24: LED panel 1
Status indicators
• IN SERVICE — Indicates that control power is applied, all monitored inputs/outputs and internal systems are fine, the
relay has been programmed
• TROUBLE — Indicates that the relay has detected an internal problem
• TEST MODE — Indicates that the relay is in test mode. For more information, see the Test Mode section in the Settings
chapter.
• TRIP — Indicates that the selected FlexLogic operand serving as a Trip switch has operated. This indicator always
latches; the reset command must be initiated to allow the latch to be reset.
• ALARM — Indicates that the selected FlexLogic operand serving as an Alarm switch has operated. This indicator is
never latched.
• PICKUP — Indicates that an element is picked up. This indicator is never latched.
Event-cause indicators
Event-cause LEDs are turned on or off by protection elements that have their respective target setting selected as either
“Enabled” or “Latched.” If a protection element target setting is “Enabled,” then the corresponding event cause LEDs
remain on as long as operate the operand associated with the element remains asserted. If a protection element target
setting is “Latched,” then the corresponding event cause LEDs turn on when the operate operand associated with the
element is asserted and remain on until the RESET button on the front panel is pressed after the operand is reset.
All elements that are able to discriminate faulted phases can independently turn off or on the phase A, B, or C LEDs. This
includes phase instantaneous overcurrent, phase undervoltage, and so on. This means that the phase A, B, and C operate
operands for individual protection elements are ORed to turn on or off the phase A, B, or C LEDs.
• VOLTAGE — Indicates voltage was involved
• CURRENT — Indicates current was involved
• FREQUENCY — Indicates frequency was involved

• OTHER — Indicates a composite function was involved

• PHASE A — Indicates phase A was involved
• PHASE B — Indicates phase B was involved
• PHASE C — Indicates phase C was involved
• NEUTRAL/GROUND — Indicates that neutral or ground was involved
User-programmable indicators
The second and third panels provide 48 amber LED indicators whose operation is controlled by the user. Support for
applying a customized label beside every LED is provided.
User customization of LED operation is of maximum benefit in installations where languages other than English are used
to communicate with operators. See the User-programmable LEDs section in chapter 5 for the settings used to program
the operation of the LEDs on these panels.
Figure 4-25: LED panels 2 and 3 (index template)
Default labels for LED panel 2

The default labels are intended to represent the following:
• GROUP 1...6 — The illuminated GROUP is the active settings group
• BREAKER 1(2) OPEN — The breaker is open
• BREAKER 1(2) CLOSED — The breaker is closed
• BREAKER 1(2) TROUBLE — A problem related to the breaker has been detected
• SYNCHROCHECK NO1(4) IN-SYNCH — Voltages have satisfied the synchrocheck element
• RECLOSE ENABLED — The recloser is operational
• RECLOSE DISABLED — The recloser is not operational
• RECLOSE IN PROGRESS — A reclose operation is in progress
• RECLOSE LOCKED OUT — The recloser is not operational and requires a reset
Firmware revisions 2.9x and earlier support eight user setting groups; revisions 3.0x and higher support six setting
groups. For convenience of users using earlier firmware revisions, the relay panel shows eight setting groups. Even
though the LEDs have default labels, they are fully user-programmable.
The relay is shipped with the default label for the LED panel 2. The LEDs, however, are not pre-programmed. To match the
pre-printed label, the LED settings must be entered as shown in the User-programmable LEDs section of chapter 5. The
LEDs are fully user-programmable. The default labels can be replaced by user-printed labels for both panels as explained in
the next section.

Figure 4-26: LED panel 2 (default labels)
4.2.8 Custom LED labeling

4 The following procedure requires these pre-requisites:
• EnerVista UR Setup software is installed and operational
• The D30 settings have been saved to a settings file
• The UR front panel label cutout sheet (GE part number 1006-0047) has been downloaded from
http://www.gegridsolutions.com/products/support/ur/URLEDenhanced.doc and printed
• Small-bladed knife
To create custom LED labels for the enhanced front panel display:
1. Start the EnerVista UR Setup software.
2. Select the Front Panel Label Designer item from the Online Window or Offline Window area, for example under
Settings > Front Panel Label Designer. If the option does not display, it means that the D30 does not have an
enhanced front panel or that no customization is possible. The Online Window has the advantage of displaying the
live fields as opposed to blank fields.
The window displays.

Figure 4-27: Front panel label designer window
3. Enter the text to appear next to each LED and above each user-programmable pushbutton in the fields provided. The
LED Offsets and Button Offsets buttons move all labels left/right and up/down on the page (they both do the same
action, so use either button). The Button Offsets button does not display when there are no pushbuttons to customize.
4. Feed the UR front panel label cutout sheet into a printer and press the Print button in the front panel report window.
5. When printing is complete, fold the sheet along the perforated lines and punch out the labels.
6. Remove the UR label insert tool from the package and bend the tabs as described in the following procedures. These
tabs are used for removal of the default and custom LED labels.
Use the tool EXACTLY as outlined as follows, with the printed side containing the GE part number facing the user.
The label package shipped with every D30 contains the three default labels, the custom label template sheet, and the label
removal tool.
If the default labels are suitable for your application, insert them in the appropriate slots and program the LEDs to match
them. If you require custom labels, use the following procedures to remove the original labels and insert the new ones.

To set up and use the label removal tool:

1. Bend the tabs at the left end of the tool upwards as shown.
Bend the tab at the center of the tool tail as shown.
To remove the LED labels from the D30 enhanced front panel and insert the custom labels:
1. Use the knife to lift the LED label and slide the label tool underneath. Ensure that the bent tabs are pointing away from
the relay.

2. Slide the label tool under the LED label until the tabs snap out as shown. This attaches the label tool to the LED label.
3. Remove the tool and attached LED label as shown.
4. Slide the new LED label inside the pocket until the text is properly aligned with the LEDs, as shown.
To remove the user-programmable pushbutton labels from the D30 enhanced front panel and insert the custom labels:
1. Use the knife to lift the pushbutton label and slide the tail of the label tool underneath, as shown. Ensure that the bent

tab points away from the relay.
2. Slide the label tool under the user-programmable pushbutton label until the tabs snap out as shown. This attaches the
label tool to the user-programmable pushbutton label.
3. Remove the tool and attached user-programmable pushbutton label.
4. Slide the new user-programmable pushbutton label inside the pocket until the text is properly aligned with the

buttons.
4.2.9 Breaker control

The D30 can interface with associated circuit breakers. In many cases the application monitors the state of the breaker,
that can be presented on faceplate LEDs, along with a breaker trouble indication. Breaker operations can be manually
initiated from the faceplate keypad or automatically initiated from a FlexLogic operand. A setting is provided to assign
names to each breaker; this user-assigned name is for the display of related flash messages. These features are provided
for two breakers; the user can use only those portions of the design relevant to a single breaker, which must be breaker 1.
It is assumed in the following discussion that the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  BREAKERS  BREAKER 1(2)  BREAKER
FUNCTION setting is "Enabled" for each breaker.
4.2.9.1 Control mode selection and monitoring

Installations can require that a breaker be operated in the three-pole only mode (3-pole), or in the one and three-pole (1-
pole) mode, selected by setting. If the mode is selected as three-pole, a single input tracks the breaker open or closed
position. If the mode is selected as one-pole, all three breaker pole states must be input to the relay. These inputs must be
in agreement to indicate the position of the breaker.
For the following discussion it is assumed that the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  BREAKERS  BREAKER 1(2)  BREAKER
1(2) PUSH BUTTON CONTROL setting is “Enabled” for each breaker.
4.2.9.2 Faceplate (user key) control

After the 30 minute interval during which command functions are permitted after a correct command password, the user
cannot open or close a breaker via the keypad. The following discussions begin from the not-permitted state.
4.2.9.3 Control of two breakers

For the following setup example, the (Name) field represents the user-programmed variable name.
For this example, the relay is connected and programmed for both breaker 1 and breaker 2. The USER 1 key performs the
selection of which breaker is to be operated by the USER 2 and USER 3 keys. The USER 2 key manually closes the breaker, and
the USER 3 key manually opens the breaker.

ENTER COMMAND This message appears when the USER 1, USER 2, or USER 3 key is pressed and a COMMAND
PASSWORD PASSWORD is required, that is, if COMMAND PASSWORD is enabled and no commands have been
issued within the last 30 minutes.
Press USER 1 This message appears if the correct password is entered or if none is required. This message
To Select Breaker displays for 30 seconds or until the USER 1 key is pressed again.
BKR1-(Name) SELECTED This message displays after the USER 1 key is pressed for the second time. Three possible actions
USER 2=CLS/USER 3=OP can be performed from this state within 30 seconds as per the following items (1), (2) and (3).
(1)
USER 2 OFF/ON If the USER 2 key is pressed, this message appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 2 key is pressed
To Close BKR1-(Name) again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an output relay to
close breaker 1.
(2)
USER 3 OFF/ON If the USER 3 key is pressed, this message appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 3 key is pressed
To Open BKR1-(Name) again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an output relay to
4 open breaker 1.
(3)
BKR2-(Name) SELECTED If the USER 1 key is pressed at this step, this message appears showing that a different breaker is
USER 2=CLS/USER 3=OP selected. Three possible actions can be performed from this state as per (1), (2) and (3). Repeatedly
pressing the USER 1 key alternates between available breakers. Pressing keys other than USER 1, 2,
or 3 at any time cancels the breaker control function.
4.2.9.4 Control of one breaker

For this application, the relay is connected and programmed for breaker 1 only. Operation for this application is identical to
that described in the previous section for two breakers.
4.2.10 Change passwords

The information in this section refers to password security. For information on how to set the password for the first time or
change CyberSentry passwords, see the previous chapter or the Settings > Product Setup > Security > CyberSentry section
in the next chapter.
The D30 supports password entry from a local or remote connection.
Local access is defined as access to settings or commands via the faceplate. This includes both keypad entry and the
RS232 port. Remote access is defined as access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes
both Ethernet and RS485 connections. Any change to the local or remote password enables this functionality.
connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used.
There are two user security access levels, setting and command, for which you can set a password for each. Use of a
password for each level controls whether users can enter commands or change settings. Another option is to specify
setting and/or command access for individual user accounts.
• Setting — Allows the user to make any changes to any of the setting values:
– Changing any setting
– Test mode operation
• Command — Restricts the user from making any settings changes, but allows the user to perform the following
operations:
– Operating the breakers via faceplate keypad
– Changing the state of virtual inputs

– Clearing the event records

– Clearing the oscillography records
– Clearing fault reports
– Changing the date and time
– Clearing the breaker arcing current
– Clearing the data logger
– Clearing the user-programmable pushbutton states
To enter the initial setting or command password:
1. Press the MENU key until the SETTINGS header flashes momentarily and the PRODUCT SETUP message appears on the
display.
2. Press the MESSAGE right arrow until the ACCESS LEVEL message appears on the display.
3. Press the MESSAGE down arrow until the CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS message appears on the display.
4. Press the MESSAGE right arrow until the CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD or CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD message
appears on the display.
 SECURITY ACCESS LEVEL:
  Restricted
  CHANGE LOCAL
 PASSWORDS  CHANGE COMMAND
PASSWORD: No
4
CHANGE SETTING
 PASSWORD: No
ENCRYPTED COMMAND
 PASSWORD: ---------
ENCRYPTED SETTING
 PASSWORD: ---------
5. After the CHANGE...PASSWORD message appears on the display, press the VALUE up or down arrow to change the
selection to “Yes.”
6. Press the ENTER key and the display prompts you to ENTER NEW PASSWORD.
7. Type in a numerical password (up to 10 characters) and press the ENTER key.
8. When VERIFY NEW PASSWORD displays, re-type the password and press ENTER .
CHANGE SETTING
PASSWORD: No
CHANGE SETTING ENTER NEW VERIFY NEW

PASSWORD: Yes PASSWORD: ########## PASSWORD: ##########
NEW PASSWORD
HAS BEEN STORED
9. When the NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED message appears, your new Setting (or Command) password is active.
4.2.11 Invalid password entry

By default, when an incorrect Command or Setting password has been entered via the faceplate interface three times
within five minutes, the LOCAL ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operand is set to “On” and the D30 does not allow settings or
command level access via the faceplate interface for five minutes.
By default, when an incorrect Command or Setting password has been entered via any external communications interface
three times within five minutes, the REMOTE ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operand is set to “On” and the D30 does not allow
settings or command access via the any external communications interface for five minutes. The REMOTE ACCESS DENIED
FlexLogic operand is set to “Off” after five minutes for a Command password or 30 minutes for a Settings password.

LOGIC DIAGRAMS CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES
These default settings can be changed in EnerVista under Settings > Product Setup > Security.
4.3 Logic diagrams

Logic diagrams in this instruction manual provide an overview of function and settings. A logic diagram is based on
• Inputs-on the left side, which are setting and operands
• Logical gates, which is Boolean algebra to combine logical lines using AND, OR, NOT, and other gates to get a new
logical state
• Logical operators, which are timers, one-shot operations, latches, and so on
• Outputs-on the right side, which are products of the manipulations with inputs, logical gates, and logical operators to
produce new operands and define the output state of the element
True and false values are denoted by 1 and 0 respectively. A function usually is high/on/enabled when 1.
Reading from right to left in the following diagram, the TRIP BUS 1 OP and TRIP BUS 1 PKP FlexLogic operands on the right side
are triggered when either the settings or reset latch in the middle of the diagram is triggered. When this applies, the TRIP
BUS 1 OP operand is triggered after the delay set by the TRIP BUS 1 PICKUP DELAY or TRIP BUS 1 RESET DELAY setting, while the
TRIP BUS 1 PKP operand initiates immediately. The settings or reset latch in the middle of the diagram is triggered as follows.
4 • For the reset, one of three conditions are required to meet the OR requirement shown at the bottom left. That is, the
TRIP BUS 1 LATCHING setting must be 0=Disabled (which is negated by the NOT function to become 1=Enabled), output
from the TRIP BUS 1 RESET FlexLogic operand must be 1, or output from the RESET OP FlexLogic operand must be 1.
• For the settings, one of 16 input conditions at the top left must be met for the OR, the TRIP BUS 1 FUNCTION must be
Enabled, and the TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK output must output as 0, which is then negated/reversed by NOT to become 1.
Table 4-2: Logic diagram symbols
Symbol Description
= Off Output from FlexLogic operand, so user-defined
= Enabled 1 = Enabled and 0 = Disabled
OR Any function input on the left side satisfies the condition
AND All functions input on the left side are required to satisfy the condition
 Not. Negates/reverses the output, for example 0 becomes 1.
 Connection
S, R Set, Reset
TPKP Timer pickup. Triggered by the settings latch in the diagram.
TRST Timer reset. Triggered by the reset latch in the diagram.

CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES FLEXLOGIC DESIGN AND MONITORING USING ENGINEER
Figure 4-28: Logic diagram
4.4 FlexLogic design and monitoring using Engineer

Parts of EnerVista Viewpoint Engineer software are integrated in the EnerVista UR Setup software. Engineer can be used to
create and modify FlexLogic that is used by a device, such as to monitor output, monitor triggers, and create self-tests.
Features include
• Automatically displays existing FlexLogic
• Drag-and-drop interface
• Open multiple tabs and edit simultaneously
• Display symbols in IEC, ISO, or UR formats
• Export a diagram as BMP file or copy it to the clipboard for import into other applications
• Scale and print files in various paper sizes
• Works with all UR firmware versions
The figure shows an example where several inputs are used to trigger an output. With the OR function, any one of the
inputs can trigger the output.

FLEXLOGIC DESIGN AND MONITORING USING ENGINEER CHAPTER 4: INTERFACES
Figure 4-29: Inputs triggering output in Engineer
The process is as follows:

• Modify or create a logic diagram in the Offline Window area of the EnerVista UR Setup software
• Compile it and troubleshoot any errors
• The logic populates automatically into the FlexLogic Equation Editor
• Upload the file to the live device
• Monitor the output
This section explains how to use Engineer. It outlines the following topics:
• Design logic
• Send file to and from device
• Monitor logic
• View front panel
• Generate connectivity report
• Preferences

• Toolbars
4.4.1 Design logic

FlexLogic can be created with a block diagram. Note that although work is completed in the Offline Window area of the
software, communication occurs with the online device, for example when switching to monitoring mode.
The following procedures are outlined:
• Examples
• Add existing FlexLogic equations
• Create a logic diagram/sheet
• Rapidly add logic blocks in sequence
• Connect two logic diagrams/sheets
• Optimize the logic
• Change logic order
• Search logic
• Exclude sheet from compile
4.4.1.1 Examples 4
Create oscillography trigger every three minutes
Figure 4-30: Three-minute timer turns on LED for 10 seconds
Preparation — Under Settings > Inputs/Outputs > Virtual Outputs, the first and second virtual outputs are named
OscTrigger
Top logic — Three-minute timer trigger
Bottom logic — Turn on LED 1 for 10 seconds when the trigger starts
Create data logger trigger every seven minutes

Figure 4-31: Seven-minute timer turns on LED for 10 seconds
Preparation — Under Settings > Inputs/Outputs > Virtual Outputs, virtual outputs 3 and 4 are named DLTrigger
Top logic — Seven-minute timer trigger
Bottom logic — Turn on LED 9 for 10 seconds when the trigger starts

Create events every minute, then every 100 ms

Figure 4-32: One-minute timer turns on LED and creates events every 100 ms
4 Preparation — Under Settings > Inputs/Outputs > Virtual Outputs, virtual output 5 is named EVStart, 6 is named
EVTriggered, and 7 is named EVMakeEvent
Top logic — One-minute timer trigger
Middle logic — Turn on LED 17 for 10 seconds when trigger starts
Bottom logic — Create events at 100 ms intervals for the same 10 second period
4.4.1.2 Add existing FlexLogic equations

A logic diagram can be created using existing FlexLogic equations (this section) or by creating new ones (next section).
When using existing equations, you modify them in the FlexLogic Equation Editor in the Offline Window area, then apply
them.
The FlexLogic Equation Editor window is in view-only mode when the Logic Designer is open. To instead work in the
FlexLogic Equation Editor, close the Logic Designer window, then re-open the FlexLogic Equation Editor.
To create a logic diagram using existing FlexLogic equations:

1. In the Offline Window area, modify the FlexLogic for the device under FlexLogic > FlexLogic Equation Editor. If the
device is not listed, right-click the device in the Online Window area and select the Add Device to Offline Window
option.
Upon saving the modified FlexLogic, a yellow icon appears for the device in the Offline Window area to indicate that
the logic differs from the Online device.
2. In the Offline Window area, access Engineer for the device, then Logic Designer. The logic opens.
3. Click the Edit > Auto Populate Workbook menu item. If the software prompts if you want to keep or discard existing
sheets, either is acceptable, with the older excluded sheeted being denoted by brackets, such as < Sheet 1 >. The logic
displays in the various tabs. The FlexLogic created in the equation editor appears in Sheet 1, for example.
4.4.1.3 Create logic diagram

Upon access of the Logic Designer, the FlexLogic equations of the device display. You can create new logic in new sheets or
modify the ones that display.
This procedure uses input / output logic as an example.
To create a logic diagram:
1. In the Offline Window area, access Engineer for the device, then Logic Designer. If the device is not listed, right-click

the device in the Online Window area and select the Add Device to Offline Window option.
Figure 4-33: Access Engineer in the Offline Window area
4
The default block diagram opens, which shows 48 inputs (boxes) and 48 user-programmable LEDs (circles).
Figure 4-34: Default view of FlexLogic designer
2. Optionally delete the default logic diagram by right-clicking its tab at the bottom of the window and selecting Delete.
3. To add a blank sheet, click Edit > Add Sheet. A new tab displays. Or use the last tab displayed, which is a blank sheet.
4. Optionally right-click the new tab and Rename it.
5. Add the input blocks to the logic diagram. For example, click the I/O Tokens tab on the right, click the Input element,
then click in the logic sheet to add it. Or drag-and-drop it.

6. Double-click the block on the sheet to configure it, selecting from the two drop-down lists. The figure shows that
virtual input 61 is being added. The View Associated Screen button opens its settings window.
Figure 4-35: Configuring an input block
7. Add the output blocks to the logic diagram. For example, click the I/O Tokens tab, click the Virtual Output element,
4 then click in the logic sheet to add it. Double-click the block on the sheet to configure it. For the name, make it unique.
The figure shows virtual output 61 is being added, with a suffix of "io" added to the name to make it unique. Note that
the outline color of a block is red until it is configured, and that this properties window varies by block and the
selectable options by order code.
Figure 4-36: Configuring an output block
8. Connect the input blocks to the output blocks by drawing a line as follows. Click the Drawing Tools tab, then select the
Line option. The cursor needs to be at the connection point to end the line, not elsewhere on the block. Note that the
outline color is no longer red on the blocks.

Figure 4-37: Completed inputs and outputs
9. Add any remaining blocks or information. Right-click a block to copy and paste it. Notes are as follows.
Add a text box — Drawing Tools > Text
Add a FlexElement — Elements > FlexElement. An analog input is expected where a small arrow head shows in the
box.
Figure 4-38: FlexElement accepts analog inputs on left side where arrow heads display
Add an Element — Elements tab. Available elements reflect the product, for example the Control Elements category.
Figure 4-39: Elements reflect Control Elements
10. Check for any blocks that have a red outline. These are invalid. Fix them before continuing, for example by configuring
them.
11. Compile the logic diagram to check for errors by clicking the Compile button at the bottom left or by pressing the F7
key.
If prompted about a message about sorting, click Yes to apply the default (for this example), which can be automatic
sorting based on an algorithm that applies fastest execution time.
With successful compiling, the file is saved and the FlexLogic equations populate automatically. Scroll up through the
compile messages, with the red errors being the only messages that require fixing before proceeding.
The figure shows that we forgot to add the "Io" suffix to the names of virtual outputs 62 and 63, as indicated by
"Warning: Virtual output xx using default name." This warning is a minor warning.
The warning "input using disabled feature" means that input needs to be enabled. Double-click the block, click the
View Associated Screen button, enable the setting, save, and recompile.
The output and messages are explained in the next section.

Some information displayed in the compile messages updates automatically, for example messages after a device is
unplugged.
Figure 4-40: Compile and check the logic
12. View the FlexLogic equations by navigating in the Offline Window area to FlexLogic > FlexLogic Equation Editor. The
window opens with the entries displayed in the next tab.
Figure 4-41: Logic displayed in FlexLogic Equation Editor
4
13. Save the work.

The logic diagram has been created and the FlexLogic equations populated. The next steps are to upload the file to the
device and to monitor the device.
4.4.1.4 Compiled results and warning messages

When a yellow caution icon displays in the Offline Window area, it means that the settings file is not synchronized with the
online device. Right-click the device in the Offline Window area, and select the Update SCL files option. SCL refers to the
Substation Configuration Language. An Instantiated IED capability description (IID) file is an example of an SCL file and
contains the actual settings on a UR device.
Figure 4-42: Settings files not synchronized between offline and online files
When the Update SCL files option is selected, the CID and IID files in the device folder are updated by the user
configuration in the IEC 61850 panel and thereby become synchronized. The CID file and the IID file (depending on the
preference 'Do not update IID file when updating SCL files') are updated. If the CID file is not already there, it is generated.
The location of these files is C:\ProgramData\GE Power Management\urpc, for example, in the Offline and Online folders.
Any FlexLogic equations entered in the Offline Window area are erased. The logic drawn in the Logic Designer window in
Engineer in the Offline Window area remain. The warning icon disappears after updating.

The following information is contained in the compile window.

Figure 4-43: Compiled results
Number of Lines Saved — The number of compiled logic lines eliminated by using the optimization algorithm, as set in the
Optimize Compiled Output option of the Preferences. In the example shown, no lines were saved because the optimizer is
disabled.
FlexLogic Lines — The number of lines that the compiled logic uses, for example seven of 512 available.
Virtual Output equations — The number of FlexLogic equations used in the Logic Designer window.
Timers used — The number of timers used in the Logic Designer window.
Memory Used — The percent of memory used in the Logic Designer window.
Errors
Table 4-3: Errors from compiling
Category Block or gate Message Description
affected
Error All Number of lines (nnn) exceeds The compiled result exceeds the limit of 512. Reduce the number of
maximum limit of 512 equations to 512 or less.
Error Tag-In Tag-in not configured (TAG_ID, A Tag-In is connected to a circuit but the Tag-In is not referencing an
SheetReference) existing Tag-Out
Error 1 Shots One Shot is over limit The number of One-Shots contained within all of the VO blocks has
(SYMBOL_ID, SheetReference) exceeded the maximum allowed for the firmware revision. This value can
either be 0 or 32.
Error =VO VO has no inputs (VO_ID, A Virtual Output block is located within the FlexLogic diagram and there
SheetReference) is no block connected as input to it. Connect and identify the inputs.
Error Timer Timer used more than once The same timer is used in more than one place in the editor. This means
(TIMER_ID, SheetReference) either the circuit that the Timer belongs to has been branched, or the
Timer has been duplicated.

Category Block or gate Message Description

affected
Error Input Unrecognized Parameter An Input symbol is configured to an item that is not recognized by the
(SYMBOL_ID,Name,SheetRefere current order code and version. Possible cause: The order code and/or
nce) version of the settings file was converted causing the input parameter to
become unavailable.
Warnings
When using the 'Reset OP' operand, a warning can appear indicating that this is a disabled feature. This means that the
Reset Settting's FlexLogic operand is set to OFF. Resetting of the relay can be done by pressing the reset button on the front
panel of the relay or by sending a Reset command through communications.
Table 4-4: Warning messages from compiling
Category Block or Message Description
gate
affected
Minor warning Input Input set to unused VO An Input symbol is using an unassigned Virtual Output
(SYMBOL_ID,Name,Sheet)
Major warning Tag-Out Tag-out not connected A Tag-Out symbol has no input
(TAG_ID,Sheet)
4 Major warning All Symbol not connected
(SYMBOL_ID,Name,Sheet)
A symbol’s input and/or output is not connected and is not part of a
VO block. Draw the input and/or output to the block.
Minor warning =VO Virtual Output n using default The Assigned Virtual Output is using the default name. Change the
name (VO_ID,Sheet) name.
Minor warning Input Input using default name An Input symbol is using a Contact Input, Contact Output, Digital
(SYMBOL_ID,Name,Sheet) Element, FlexElement, or Digital Counter set to the default name.
Change the name so that it is unique.
Setting warning Input Input using disabled feature An Input symbol is using a disabled Virtual Input, Contact Input, Digital
(SYMBOL_ID,Name,Sheet) Element, FlexElement, Digital Counter, Control Pushbutton,
Programmable Pushbutton, Contact Output, or Protection/Monitoring
Element. Enable it and try again.
Major warning Input Input set to OFF An Input symbol is set to OFF
(SYMBOL_ID,Sheet)
Major warning Input Input set to ON An Input symbol is set to ON
(SYMBOL_ID,Sheet)
Setting warning Input Contact Output Operate is OFF The symbol block is using the default setting of OFF
(SYMBOL_ID, Contacts)
Setting warning Input Contact Output Seal-In is OFF The symbol block is using the default setting of OFF
(SYMBOL_ID, Contacts)
4.4.1.5 Rapidly add logic blocks in sequence

Blocks are added by clicking an element then clicking in the drawing area, or by dragging and dropping the element onto
the canvas. Blocks can be added rapidly in sequence, for example when you have inputs 1 to 10, without having to select
the element each time.
To rapidly add logic blocks:
1. In Engineer, click File > Preferences. The window opens.
2. Click the Editor entry.
3. Enable the Repeat Symbol check box.
4. Click the Ok button to save and exit from the window.
5. In the logic diagram, select an element, then click in the drawing area to add it, click again to add a second box, and
so on.

4.4.1.6 Connect two logic diagrams

When the logic is complex and requires two sheets, for example, these two sheets can be connected. By connecting them,
the logic is continuous from one sheet to the next.
To connect two logic diagrams:
1. In the first sheet, click the I/O Tokens tab.
2. Scroll to the bottom, and click and drag the Tag Out element to the sheet where the next sheet is to connect.
3. Double-click the element and in the window that opens, give it a name, such as "To Sheet 2" or "To IO Sheet 2."
Figure 4-44: Connecting sheet 1 to sheet 2
4. In the second sheet, click and drag the Tag In element to the sheet where the first sheet is to connect.
5. Double-click the element and in the window that opens, select the first sheet from the drop-down list to connect the
two sheets.
6. Save the work.
4.4.1.7 Optimize the logic

The number of available FlexLogic entries depends on firmware, for example 515 or 1024 lines. The software can
automatically optimize a logic diagram to reduce space and free up entries.
To optimize the logic:
1. In Engineer, under File > Preferences, select the Compiler option. Ensure that the Optimize Compiled Output option is
enabled.
2. Run the compiler again, for example by clicking the Compile button at the bottom left of the software. The results
display in the Optimization Summary. Changes also display when the FlexLogic Equation Editor is accessed. The logic
diagram does not change. In the example shown, no lines were saved to free up space.
Figure 4-45: Code optimization results

4.4.1.8 Change logic order

The order in which the FlexLogic is populated in the FlexLogic Equation Editor window depends on settings.
First, when automatic sorting is not enabled, the sequence in which the blocks were drawn is followed.
Second, the order in which equations are executed can be manually changed, as outlined here.
Third, automatic sorting can be set in preferences, as outlined here. It is enabled by default and means that an algorithm is
implemented to give best results and quickest performance, For example, the block with the fastest execution time is
entered first in the FlexLogic. When two block functions have the same execution time the block drawn first displays first in
the FlexLogic. For example, drawing input 61 to output 61, then input 62 to output 62 causes the input/output 61 to be
entered into the FlexLogic first. Automatic sorting takes precedence over manual sort; if you enable this option, manual
sorting is not implemented.
To manually change logic order:
1. In the compile area, click the VO Order tab.
2. If the window is blank, click the Refresh button.
3. Select an entry and click the up or down arrow. To cancel any manual changes, click the Sort or Refresh button.
4. Recompile. The change is not executed or saved if automatic sorting is enabled.
Figure 4-46: Ordering FlexLogic entries
4
To set automatic sorting:

1. In Engineer, under File > Preferences, select the Compiler option. The Automatically Sort VOs option means that the
block with the fastest execution time is entered first in the FlexLogic. When two block functions have the same
execution time the block drawn first displays first in the FlexLogic. For example, drawing input 61 to output 61, then
input 62 to output 62 causes the input/output 61 to be entered into the FlexLogic first.
4.4.1.9 Search logic

Items that can be searched in a logic diagram include gates, Input, Contact Input, Contact Output, Timer, Virtual Output,
Tag In, Tag Out, and User-programmable LED. A search can be performed while designing or monitoring.
To search:
1. In the compiler area of Engineer, click the Search tab.
2. Use one of the following methods to set search criteria:
– Select an element from the first drop-down list. Results display automatically.
– Type in the second text string box, or select any of the 32 previous searches from the drop-down list. Click the
Search button. Any results display.
The search applies to all tabs, not just the active tab.
3. Double-click a search result to view the item.

Figure 4-47: Search function
You can also select an element from the drop-down list on the tool bar. It is then highlighted in the logic diagram.
4.4.1.10 Exclude sheet from compile

While designing the FlexLogic equations, entire sheets can be removed from the compile logic. This allows the user to test
various schemes by placing schemes on separate sheets and including either sheet at compile time.
To exclude a sheet:
4
1. In the Logic Designer window, right-click the tab and select the Exclude from Compile option so that the check mark
displays. When sheets are excluded, a message displays with each compile that "excluded sheets will not be reflected
in the RPN." An excluded sheet is denoted with end brackets, similar to < Sheet 1 >.
Figure 4-48: Excluding a tab from compiling
Figure 4-49: Tab excluded from compiling
4.4.2 Send file to and from device

With the logic diagram created, compiled, and errors eliminated, the FlexLogic can be sent to a live device. And,
conversely, a file from a live device can be added to the Offline Window area for additional work.
To send a file to a device:
1. In the Offline Window area of the software, right-click the device name and select the Write Settings to Device option.
A prompt can appear that the URS file has been repaired; acknowledge the message.
2. When a window opens, select the device to which you want to send the file, then click the Send button and confirm.
The order codes must match. The file is sent to the live device. Any errors can be viewed in the log file at the prompt.

To import a file from a device:

1. Close all open files in Engineer that relate to the device, else a message displays to that effect, for example to close
the FlexLogic view associated with the file. When the file is not associated with a live device, a message displays to
that effect; you need to identify the device to which you want to send the file. The order codes must match.
2. Right-click the device in the Online Window area and select the Add Device to Offline Window option. After you enter
a name for the file, it is written to the Offline Window area.
4.4.3 Monitor logic

After creating the logic diagram, validating it, and uploading the FlexLogic to a device, the results from the device can be
viewed.
The following checks are performed automatically when switching from design to monitoring, and prompts display when
necessary:
• Verify that the order code of the linked relay matches the settings file
• Verify that the version of the linked relay matches the settings file
• Verify that the FlexLogic Equation Editor of the linked relay matches the settings file. Solution: Compile the FlexLogic
4 logic diagram and send the settings file to the relay.
• Verify that the FlexLogic Timers of the linked relay match the settings file. Solution: Compile the FlexLogic logic
diagram and send the settings file to the relay.
• If the settings file contains a serial number lock, then verify that the serial number of the linked relay matches the
settings file
To view results:
1. In the Offline Window area of the software, expand the Engineer entry for the device.
2. Double-click the Logic Designer entry and Compile the logic.
3. Double-click the Logic Monitor entry, or click the M button in the toolbar at the top of the window. With successful
launch, the logic displays and a green indicator displays at the bottom of the tab.
When the file is not associated with a live device, a message displays to that effect; you need to identify the device to
which you want to send the file. The order codes must match between the Offline Window and the Online Window.
When the device is offline, a message indicates problems communicating with the device.
When the devices are not synchronized, a message indicates the FlexLogic does not match the settings file. To send
the offline file to the device, right-click the device name and select the Write Settings to Device option.
When the state of a symbol is OFF, the symbol is shown in the default color or no color.
When a symbol's state changes to ON, the symbol and connection line turns green.
The state of some symbols can either be unknown or the state transitions faster than the update interval. For these
two cases, the state of the symbol is considered 'UNKNOWN' and the symbol is outlined in red.
The colors for the ON and Unknown state can be customized in the Preferences.
The figure shows that the software is communicating with devices (square green indicator) and that a minor error is
present (green box outline). In this case, the battery is weak and needs to be replaced. This can be viewed as the
Replace Battery message on the front panel of the device and in the EnerVista software under Actual Values > Front
Panel > Front Panel or Display/Keypad.

Figure 4-50: Monitoring a device, with minor error caused by weak battery
4.4.4 View front panel and print labels

This window displays the LEDs that are on the front panel. You can create labels and print them for the device. You do not
use the window to add text labels and upload them to the device. Custom labeling is also outlined earlier in this chapter;
see the Custom LED Labeling section.
To view the front panel:
4
2. Double-click the Front Panel Report entry. The report displays. The Device Summary is read from the settings file and
cannot be changed. The LEDs and pushbuttons display below the summary.
3. To save the report, click File > Save As, enter a file name, and select the front panel report (FPR), JPG, or PDF format.
Figure 4-51: Front panel display in Engineer
To print labels:
1. In the Front Panel Report window, double-click an LED or pushbutton and enter text.
2. To print the labels, click the Print icon on the tool bar.
3. To save the report and labels, click File > Save As, enter a file name, and select the FPR, JPG, or PDF format.
4. Use the instructions in the second tab of the window to add the labels to the physical device.

4.4.5 Generate connectivity report

This report displays basic information about a device, such as order code, port numbers, inputs and outputs. You can use it
to create a PDF file of basic information. The report is based on CID and/or IID files, and not the system or full SCD. All
device details including Remote Inputs, Remote Outputs, and Analog Inputs/Outputs are indicated, including quantities
used and available.
To display a device report:
2. Double-click the Device Connectivity Report entry. The report displays.
3. To save as a PDF file, click File > Save As.
Figure 4-52: Device Connectivity Report
4.4.6 Preferences
Preferences determine functionality. As such, you are encouraged to review them. This section outlines some options
available in the menus and preference panels.
Access them in the Logic Designer panel under the View menu and under File > Preferences. The Logic Designer and
Logic Monitor preferences are outlined here, not all preferences for a device.
4.4.6.1 View menu

View > Toolbar > Advanced Actions — Active when in Logic Designer. Toggles a toolbar to nudge, rotate, flip, or change
the order of an element.
View > Show Unused Pins — Enable to display unconnected pins. Disable to eliminate unconnected pins from the view, for
example when printing.

Figure 4-53: Unused pins on and off
4.4.6.2 Logic designer

The path is File > Preferences > Logic Designer.
Workbook Setup
Size and Units

Size and Units — Changes the size of diagram area displayed in Engineer. If you set the size to be smaller than an existing
logic diagram, the content is cut off.
WorkBook 4
Print Scale — The scale for logic diagram when printing. Scaling a large diagram to 200 percent, for example, results in the
diagram being cut off.
Orphan Protection — When enabled, the printing output prevents Virtual Output circuits from spanning more than a single
page. The largest Virtual Output circuit is scaled to fit on a single page and all remaining Virtual Output circuits are scaled
so that all circuits are printed using the same scale.
Show Title Block — When enabled, places an information box at the bottom right of the diagram when printing. Enter the
information in the File Information panel.
Show Sheet Name — When enabled, shows Sheet 1, Sheet 2, or any other name at the top of the logic diagram when
printing.
Start Sheet On New Page — Places the sheet on the next page when printing.
Show Notes Selection — When other than None, prints the text from any information notes added to the document (under
Drawing Tools tab > Note). The text is printed after the logic diagram.
File Information
The text entered here displays at the bottom right of a diagram when printing, provided that the Show Title Block option is
enabled. Note the option to change the logo from the GE logo to your company logo.
Display
The panel sets how the element boxes display. The figure shows how an AND gate displays when the UR default, IEC, or
ISO symbol type is selected.
Figure 4-54: AND gate varies by standard selected
Symbol Style — IEC, ISO, UR Setup — Sets how the gates display in the logic diagram.
Symbol Color — When set to Black & White, only logic blocks with issues continue to display red.

Zoom Operation — Determines what happens when the View > Zoom functions are used. When set to Sheet Only and the
zoom is changed, the single tab changes. When set to Workbook, all tabs change.
Editor
Repeat Symbol — Enable this feature to add element blocks rapidly in sequence, for example when you have inputs 1 to
10, without having to select the element each time. Select the element block from the toolbox, click the diagram, then
continue to click to add additional blocks.
Use first available VO / Timer — When enabled and you copy and paste a virtual output or timer element, the numbering
continues in sequence. For example, you copy timer 5 and paste it as timer 6. When disabled and you copy and paste a
virtual output or timer element, the same number is used. For example, you copy timer 5 and paste it as timer 5.
Auto-Save Logic Designer every x minutes — Logic diagrams with changes are saved automatically according to this
interval. The range is 5 minutes (default) to 30 minutes. With auto-save, the file extension of the saved file is .auto. This file
remains until you save the file manually.
Auto Populate
These options work in the Edit > Auto Populate Workbook function.
VOs per Worksheet — When an existing settings file is opened in the Logic Designer, the Logic Designer populates the
4 canvas and attempts to evenly distribute the Virtual Output circuits across multiple sheets. A value of 100 in this setting
places all FlexLogic equations on a single sheet until there are 100, then the next ones are placed on another sheet. A value
of 1 places each Virtual Output circuit on a separate sheet.
Show / FlexLogic Merge / Show Unused — If Show Contact Outputs and Show LEDs are selected, for example, the function
places Contact Output and User-programmable LED symbols for settings that are configured. If you disable the LED check
boxes, then the LED tab/sheet does not display when you next open the Logic Designer window. The settings apply to all
products, not just the active window when it is next opened. Close then reopen the Logic Designer window for the setting
to take effect.
Compiler
Show Warnings — Options to filter the messages that display when logic compiles.
Minor — Enable to display minor errors. An example is using the default values of an element added to the diagram, such
as the name of the element. An example is "Warning: Virtual output xx using default name," for which you simply click into
the element to rename it.
Major — Enable to display major errors. Examples are an input that does not have a corresponding output, using disabled
features, and failing to connect a symbol. Fix these errors.
Setting — Enable to display error message related to settings, such as an improperly configured setting, such as using ON
or OFF.
Automatically Sort VOs — When enabled, the logic is compiled with an algorithm to give best results and quickest
performance, for example the fastest logic first. The fastest logic displays in the FlexLogic Equation Editor output as the
first entries in the table. Use sorting when virtual outputs have dependencies on other virtual outputs. This setting takes
precedence over order set manually in the VO Order tab in the compiler.
When disabled, the sequence in which the blocks were drawn is followed.
Optimize Compiled Output — With this option enabled, the software automatically optimizes a logic diagram to reduce
space and free up FlexLogic entries. Run the compiler again, for example by clicking the Compile button at the bottom left
of the software. The number of saved lines displays in the Optimization Summary. Changes also display when the FlexLogic
Equation Editor is accessed. The logic diagram does not change.
4.4.6.3 Logic monitor
Display
The software displays the color specified when an element is on. There is no color when the element is off.
The software displays another color when the status cannot be determined and is unknown.

Timing
Timing Information can be displayed in the monitoring window. This timing information is only an approximate
representation of how Engineer sees transitions. Use the device's Event Record to view accurate timing information.
The timing information can also be streamed to a comma-separated values (CSV) spreadsheet.
The timing information displayed and recorded can be filtered based on six categories. If a category is not selected, any
timing information related to that category does not display and is not recorded to the CSV file.
Show Timing Information in Output Window — Enable to display times in the monitoring window.
Because of the update rate of the Logic Monitoring, the timing information cannot be used as an accurate representation
of the events that occur within the relay. Use instead the device's event record. Timing information can be delayed by 30
seconds.
Save Timing Information to CSV File — Enable to write timing information in a spreadsheet. The timing information is
recorded in a text file that uses commas to separate each of the fields. This file uses the extension CSV that is supported by
any spreadsheet application.
Every change written to the CSV file requires a timestamp.
The format for the timing information in the output window is as follows:
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss
devicename offline 4
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss
devicename ONLINE
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss
VO1: Virt Out 1- 0
VI4: Virt In 4- 1
DI3: Direct In 3- 0
RI2: Remote In 2- 1
H5a: Contact In 1- 1
H1: Contact Output 1- 0
Data is only appended to the CSV file. The format for the data is as follows:
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, devicename, offline
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, devicename, ONLINE
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, VO1: Virt Out 1, 0
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, VI4: Virt In 4, 1
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, DI3: Direct In 3, 0
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, RI2: Remote In 2, 1
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, H5a: Contact In 1, 1
yyyy/mm/dd hh:dd:ss, H1: Contact Output 1, 0
Options display for filtering, such as recording timing for Virtual Inputs and Outputs, but not Communications Status.
4.4.6.4 COMTRADE waveforms

Waveform files are viewable in the EnerVista software. The preferences are unrelated to Engineer and are outlined in the
UR Family Communications Guide.

4.4.7 Toolbars
These are toggled in the View > Toolbar menu.
The UR symbols are displayed for the toolbox icons. They change when the default setting is changed to IEC or ISO
symbols. The symbols displayed in the toolbox also vary by firmware version, reflecting what is supported for each release.
4.4.7.1 FlexLogic Editor toolbar
New Device Create a new settings file
Open File Open an existing settings file in the URS, CID, or IID format
Save FlexLogic Save the Logic Designer diagram
PDF Report Create a PDF document from Logic Designer diagram(s). Settings can be
changed under File > Preferences > Workbook Setup.
4 Toggle Compile Window Display or hide the compile window area
Sort Order Select to change the sort order of the Virtual Output list to the right of the
icon. Virtual Outputs can be sorted numerically in ascending and
descending order based on numbers and names.
Select VO to View (x - x) Select a Virtual Output to locate and select it in the workbook. Each Virtual
Output listed also contains the name of the sheet where the Virtual Output
is located.
Edit Mode Switch to Logic Designer mode
Logic Designer
Monitor Mode Switch to Logic Monitor mode
Logic Monitor
Turn On ALL Communications Turn on all communications to all Logic Designer diagrams that are in the
monitoring mode. Default upon each launch of Engineer.
Turn Off All Communications Turn off all communications to all Logic Designer diagrams that are in the
monitoring mode. This is a legacy function for serial communication to turn
off communication to devices. Turning off communication applies to the
current session only. When you re-launch the EnerVista software,
communication is on by default.
4.4.7.2 Token Toolbox
Drawing Tools
Draw a line. Click and drag to draw.
Draw multiple joined lines. Click and drag for each line. Double-click to finish.

Draw multi-sided object. Click for each line. Double-click to finish.
Draw four-sided object. Click and drag to draw.
Draw multiple curves. Click for each line. Double-click to finish.
Draw multiple, closed curves. Click for each line. Double-click to finish.
Draw oval or circle. Click and drag to draw.
Add text box with rectangle around it. Click to add. Double-click it to change text.
4
Add figure. Select file in the window that opens, then click on diagram canvas to add figure.
Add note icon and text. Click to add. Double-click to edit the title and text.
I/O Tokens
These are parts used in FlexLogic equations. They are the inputs and outputs of the Virtual Output equations. The display
can vary from that shown here.
Input symbol that can be configured to any FlexLogic operand value
Remote inputs from other devices
Input from another UR device. Teleprotection inputs/outputs and direct inputs/outputs are mutually exclusive and
cannot be used simultaneously.
Teleprotection inputs/outputs and direct inputs/outputs are mutually exclusive and cannot be used simultaneously.

FlexAnalog symbol that can be used as the input to a FlexElement or use the FlexAnalog symbol to monitor an actual
value when in logic Monitoring mode
Contact Input Gate is similar to the Input symbol but is restricted to the operands associated with a Contact Input
Contact Output Gate is similar to the Input symbol but is restricted to the operands associated with a Contact Output.
The Operate and Seal-In settings can be configured graphically.
The Non-Volatile Latch is similar to the Input symbol but is restricted to the operands associated with a Non-Volatile
Latch. The Set and Reset settings can be configured graphically.
The final output of an equation is a numbered register called a virtual output. Virtual outputs can be used as an input
operand in any equation, including the equation that generates the output, as a seal-in or other type of feedback.
4
Place and configure a Remote Output. The UR's order code and firmware version then determine the availability of the
Remote Output.
Place and configure a Direct Output. The UR's order code and firmware version then determine the availability of the
Direct Output to another UR device.
Place and configure a Teleprotection Output. The UR's order code and firmware version then determine the availability
of the Teleprotection Output.
Place a User Programmable LED in the Logic Designer diagram
A Tag Out can be used in 1 of 2 ways. The first use of the Tag Out is to break up logic that needs to span several sheets.
The second use of the Tag Out is to associate a frequently used block of code with the Tag Out and then repeatedly use
the same block of code using a Tag In. When a Tag Out is referenced more than once, the Tag Out is replaced with a
Virtual Output during the compile phase.
Tag-In can is used to reference an existing Tag-Out. It joins another diagram to a previous diagram.
Boolean Tokens
These symbols are used to create FlexLogic Equations. Use them as intermediate logic for the Virtual Output equations.
The display can vary from that shown here.

Place an OR gate in the Logic Designer diagram. Only one action needs to occur. Any function input on the left side
satisfies the condition.
The number of inputs is configurable from two to 16.
Place an AND gate in the Logic Designer diagram. Multiple actions need to occur. All functions input on the left side are
required to satisfy the condition.
Place a NOR gate in the Logic Designer diagram. Gives the value of one when all input operands have a value of zero
and otherwise gives a value of zero. It gives an output signal when there are no input signals. An inverter that reverses
the logic state.
Place a NAND gate in the Logic Designer diagram. Gives the value of zero when all input operands have a value of one
and otherwise gives a value of one. It gives an output signal until all signals are present on its inputs. An inverter that
reverses the logic state.
Place a XOR gate in the Logic Designer diagram, which is two exclusive OR gates. Only one action needs to occur. If
there are two inputs or there is no input, there is no output.
Place a NOT gate in the Logic Designer diagram. Gives the value of one when the input operand has a value of zero and
otherwise gives a value of zero. It gives an output signal when there is no input signal. An inverter that reverses the
logic state.
4
Place a latch in the Logic Designer diagram. A latch has two inputs and one output. One input is the Set input, and
other input is the Reset input.
Place a positive one shot symbol that responds to a positive going edge in the Logic Designer diagram. A "one shot" is a
single input gate that generates a pulse ins response to an edge on the input.
Place a negative one shot symbol that responds to a negative going edge in the Logic Designer diagram
Place a positive one shot and a negative one shot symbol in the Logic Designer diagram
Place a timer in the Logic Designer diagram
Elements
These blocks configure properties of the element or use element operands as input to FlexLogic equations.

Place and configure a FlexElement. A FlexElement is a universal comparator used to monitor any analog actual value
calculated by the relay or a net difference of any two analog actual values of the same type.
Place and configure the Settings Group settings
Place and configure a Selector Switch element. Firmware version determines feature availability. The Selector Switch
element is intended to replace a mechanical selector switch. Typical applications include setting group
control or control of multiple logic sub-circuits in user-programmable logic. The element provides for two control inputs.
Place and configure a Digital Element. A Digital Element can monitor any FlexLogic operand
and present a target message and/or enable events recording depending on the output operand state.
Place and configure a Digital Counter element. A Digital Counter counts the number of state transitions
4 from Logic 0 to Logic 1. The counter is used to count operations such as the pickups of an element.
4.4.7.3 Basic Actions toolbar
Select Select components. Click one component and hold down the CTRL key to select others.
Or click and drag an area that contains multiple components to select.
Edit Vertices Shows vertices points for the component selected (if the component support vertices
manipulation)
Properties Shows the properties of the selected component
Zoom Normal Zoom in and center the screen to the spot selected
Zoom to Fit Zoom in to a magnitude that fits your entire schema layout on your entire screen
Zoom Custom Zoom in on the components that you have selected
Pan Move the viewable area of your screen around the schema. To activate, select this tool
and then place the hand icon over and part of your schema. Click and drag the hand in
a direction to move around the schema.
Align Top, Middle, Bottom Align the selected components to the top, middle, or bottom of the reference
component
Align Left, Center, Right Align the selected components to the left, middle, or right of the reference component
Space Across Evenly space the selected components across a horizontal axis, starting from the far
left component and ending at the far right component
Space Down Evenly space the selected components across a vertical axis, starting from the top
component and ending at the bottom component
Same Width Set the width of the selected components to the same width as the reference
component
Same Height Set the height of the selected components to the same height as the reference
component

Same Size Set the width and height of the selected components to the same width and height of
the reference component
4.4.7.4 Advanced Actions toolbar
Only basic objects (lines, rectangles, ellipses) can be rotated and flipped.
Only objects from the Drawing Toolbar can be structured (grouped, ungrouped, forward, backward).
Nudge Up, Down, Left, Right Moves selected component one pixel upward, downward, left, right
Rotate Rotates selected component freely. Once selected, put your mouse cursor over the
component and move the component clockwise or counter-clockwise depending on
what you need.
Rotate Left, Right Rotates selected component 90 degrees counter-clockwise or clockwise
Flip Vertical Flips the selected component on the vertical axis
Flip Horizontal Flips the selected component on the horizontal axis

4
Group, Ungroup Combines all selected components into one combined entity. Ungroups them into
separate components.
Front, Back Moves current components to the absolute front or back of all viewable layers
Forward, Backward Moves current components on layer higher or lower than its original layer hierarchy


Chapter 5: Settings
Settings
This chapter outlines front panel and/or software settings. The relay is not taken out of service when saving settings; the
relay is taken out of service when a settings file is written to it. Settings can be viewed remotely in a web browser by
entering the IP address of the relay, accessing the Device Information Menu option, then the Front-Panel Display Report
option.
5.1 Settings menu
 SETTINGS  SECURITY See page 5-7

 PRODUCT SETUP  
 DISPLAY See page 5-25

   PROPERTIES
 CLEAR RELAY See page 5-27

  RECORDS
 COMMUNICATIONS See page 5-28

 
 MODBUS USER MAP See page 5-92

 
 REAL TIME See page 5-93

  CLOCK
 FAULT REPORTS See page 5-97

 
 OSCILLOGRAPHY See page 5-99

 
 DATA LOGGER See page 5-101

 
 USER-PROGRAMMABLE See page 5-102

  LEDS

  SELF TESTS

SETTINGS MENU CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
 CONTROL See page 5-106

  PUSHBUTTONS

  PUSHBUTTONS
 FLEX STATE See page 5-113

  PARAMETERS
 USER-DEFINABLE See page 5-114

  DISPLAYS
 DIRECT I/O See page 5-116

 
 TELEPROTECTION See page 5-122

 
 INSTALLATION See page 5-123

  
 REMOTE RESOURCES  Access in EnerVista

   See page 5-123
 SETTINGS  AC INPUTS See page 5-125

 SYSTEM SETUP  
 POWER SYSTEM See page 5-126

  
 SIGNAL SOURCES See page 5-127

 
5   BREAKERS

See page 5-129
 SWITCHES See page 5-134

 
 FLEXCURVES See page 5-137

  
 SETTINGS  FLEXLOGIC See page 5-161

 FLEXLOGIC   EQUATION EDITOR
 FLEXLOGIC See page 5-161

   TIMERS
 FLEXELEMENTS See page 5-161

 
 NON-VOLATILE See page 5-165

   LATCHES
 SETTINGS  SETTING GROUP 1 See page 5-166

 GROUPED ELEMENTS  
 SETTING GROUP 2
  
 SETTING GROUP 3
 
 SETTING GROUP 4
 
 SETTING GROUP 5
 
 SETTING GROUP 6
  

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS SETTINGS MENU
 SETTINGS  TRIP BUS See page 5-237

 CONTROL ELEMENTS  
 SETTING GROUPS See page 5-239

  
 SELECTOR SWITCH See page 5-240

 
 UNDERFREQUENCY See page 5-247

 
 FREQUENCY RATE See page 5-248

  OF CHANGE
 SYNCHROCHECK See page 5-250

 
 AUTORECLOSE See page 5-256

 
 DIGITAL ELEMENTS See page 5-262

 
 DIGITAL COUNTERS See page 5-265

 
 MONITORING See page 5-267

   ELEMENTS
 SETTINGS  CONTACT INPUTS See page 5-281

 INPUTS / OUTPUTS  
   VIRTUAL INPUTS

See page 5-283 5
 CONTACT OUTPUTS See page 5-284
 
 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS See page 5-287

 
 RESETTING See page 5-287

 
 DIRECT INPUTS See page 5-288

 
 DIRECT OUTPUTS See page 5-288

 

  
 SETTINGS  DCMA INPUTS See page 5-293

 TRANSDUCER I/O  
 RTD INPUTS See page 5-294

  
 DCMA OUTPUTS See page 5-295

  
 SETTINGS TEST MODE Range: Disabled, Isolated, Forcible

 TESTING  FUNCTION: Disabled See page 5-299
TEST MODE FORCING: Range: FlexLogic operand

  On See page 5-299
 FORCE CONTACT See page 5-300

  INPUTS

OVERVIEW CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
 FORCE CONTACT See page 5-300

   OUTPUTS
5.2 Overview
5.2.1 Introduction to elements
For URs, the term element is used to describe a feature that is based around a comparator. The comparator is provided
with an input (or set of inputs) that is tested against a programmed setting (or group of settings) to determine if the input is
within the defined range that sets the output to logic 1, also referred to as setting the flag. A single comparator can make
multiple tests and provide multiple outputs. For example, the time overcurrent comparator sets a pickup flag when the
current input is above the setting and sets an operate flag when the input current has been at a level above the pickup
setting for the time specified by the time-current curve settings. All comparators use analog actual values as the input.
An exception to this rule is digital elements, which use logic states as inputs.
Elements are arranged into two classes, grouped and control. Each element classed as a grouped element is provided with
six alternate sets of settings, in setting groups numbered 1 through 6. The performance of a grouped element is defined by
the setting group that is active at a given time. The performance of a control element is independent of the selected active
setting group.
The main characteristics of an element are shown on a logic diagram. This includes the inputs, settings, fixed logic, and the
5 output operands generated. The previous chapter explains how to read a logic diagram, and the abbreviations used in a
diagram are defined in the Abbreviations chapter.
Some settings are specified in per-unit (pu) calculated quantities:
pu quantity = (actual quantity) / (base quantity)
Where the current source is from a single current transformer (CT), the base quantity is the nominal secondary or primary
current of the CT. Use the secondary current base to convert per-unit settings to/from a secondary current value, and use
the primary current base to convert to/from a primary current value.
Where the current source is the sum of two or more CTs with different nominal primary current, the primary base quantity
is the largest nominal primary current. For example, if CT1 = 300 / 5 A and CT2 = 100 / 1 A, then in order to sum these, CT2
is scaled to the CT1 ratio. In this case, the base quantity is 300 A primary, 5 A secondary for CT1, and 300/(100/1) = 3 A
secondary for CT2.
For voltage elements, the primary base quantity is the nominal phase-to-phase primary voltage of the protected system
provided that the VT ratio setting is set to the nominal ratio of the VTs and the secondary voltage setting is set to the
phase-to-phase voltage seen by the relay when the voltage of the protected system in nominal. The UR uses the
convention that nominal voltages in a three-phase system are phase-to-phase voltages.
For example, on a system with a 13.8 kV nominal primary voltage, the base quantity is 13800 V. With 14400:120 V delta-
connected VTs, the secondary base quantity and secondary voltage setting is:
Eq. 5-1
For wye-connected VTs, the primary and secondary base quantities are as before, but the secondary voltage setting (here
a phase-to-ground value) is:
Eq. 5-2
Many settings are common to most elements, outlined as follows:

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS OVERVIEW
• FUNCTION setting — This setting programs the element to operate when selected as “Enabled.” The factory default is
“Disabled.” Once “Enabled,” any element associated with the function becomes active and all options become
available.
• NAME setting — This setting is used to uniquely identify the element.
• SOURCE setting — This setting is used to select the AC source to be monitored. See the Introduction to AC Sources
section later.
• PICKUP setting — For simple elements, this setting is used to program the level of the measured parameter above or
below which the pickup state is established. In more complex elements, a set of settings can be provided to define the
range of the measured parameters that cause the element to pick up.
• PICKUP DELAY setting — This setting sets a time-delay-on-pickup, or on-delay, for the duration between the pickup
and operate output states.
• RESET DELAY setting — This setting is used to set a time-delay-on-dropout, or off-delay, for the duration between the
operate output state and the return to logic 0 after the input transits outside the defined pickup range.
• BLOCK setting — The default output operand state of all comparators is a logic 0 or “flag not set.” The comparator
remains in this default state until a logic 1 is asserted at the RUN input, allowing the test to be performed. If the RUN
input changes to logic 0 at any time, the comparator returns to the default state. The RUN input is used to supervise
the comparator. The BLOCK input is used as one of the inputs to RUN control.
• TARGET setting — This setting is used to define the operation of an element target message. When set to "Disabled,"
no target message or illumination of a faceplate LED indicator is issued upon operation of the element. When set to
“Self-Reset,” the target message and LED indication follow the operate state of the element and self-resets once the
operate element condition clears. When set to “Latched,” the target message and LED indication remains visible after
the element output returns to logic 0 until a RESET command is received by the relay.
• EVENTS setting — This setting is used to control whether the pickup, dropout, or operate states are recorded by the
event recorder. When set to “Disabled,” element pickup, dropout, or operate are not recorded as events. When set to
“Enabled,” events are created for
5
<Element> PKP (pickup)
<Element> DPO (dropout)
<Element> OP (operate)
The DPO event is created when the measure and decide comparator output transits from the pickup state (logic 1) to
the dropout state (logic 0). This can happen when the element is in the operate state if the reset delay time is not zero.
Not every operand of a given element in a UR relay generates events, only the major output operands. Elements,
asserting output per phase, log operating phase output only, without asserting the common three-phase operand
event.
5.2.2 Introduction to AC sources
5.2.2.1 Background
A mechanism called a source configures the routing of CT and VT input channels to measurement sub-systems. Sources, in
the context of UR series relays, refer to the logical grouping of current and voltage signals such that one source contains all
the signals required to measure the load or fault in a particular power apparatus. A given source can contain all or some of
the following signals: three-phase currents, single-phase ground current, three-phase voltages, and an auxiliary voltage
from a single VT for checking for synchronism.
The basic idea of an AC source is to select a point on the power system where the voltages and currents are of interest. To
illustrate the concept of sources, as applied to current inputs only, consider the breaker-and-a-half scheme that follows.
(The breaker-and-a-half scheme is used for illustrative purposes and is available on select UR products.) In this application,
the current flows as shown by the arrows. Some current flows through the upper bus bar to some other location or power
equipment, and some current flows into transformer winding 1. The current into winding 1 is the phasor sum (or difference)
of the currents in CT1 and CT2 (whether the sum or difference is used depends on the relative polarity of the CT
connections). The same considerations apply to transformer winding 2. The protection elements require access to the net
current for transformer protection, but some elements can need access to the individual currents from CT1 and CT2.

OVERVIEW CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
Figure 5-1: Breaker-and-a-half scheme
In conventional analog or electronic relays, the sum of the currents is obtained from an appropriate external connection of
all CTs through which any portion of the current for the element being protected can flow. Auxiliary CTs are required to
perform ratio matching if the ratios of the primary CTs to be summed are not identical. In the UR series of relays, provisions
have been included for all the current signals to be brought to the UR device where grouping, ratio correction, and
5 summation are applied internally via configuration settings.
A major advantage of using internal summation is that the individual currents are available to the protection device, for
example as additional information to calculate a restraint current, or to allow the provision of additional protection
features that operate on the individual currents, such as breaker failure.
Given the flexibility of this approach, it becomes necessary to add configuration settings to the platform to allow the user
to select which sets of CT inputs are to be added to form the net current into the protected device.
The internal grouping of current and voltage signals forms an AC source. This source can be given a specific name through
the settings and becomes available to protection and metering elements in the UR platform. Individual names can be
given to each source to help identify them for later use. For example, in the scheme shown in the preceding figure, the user
configures one source to be the sum of CT1 and CT2 and can name this source as “Wdg1 I.”
Once the sources have been configured, the user has them available as selections for the choice of input signal for the
protection elements and as metered quantities.
5.2.2.2 CT/VT module configuration

CT and voltage transformer (VT) input channels are contained in CT/VT modules. The type of input channel can be phase/
neutral/other voltage, phase/ground current, or sensitive ground current. The CT/VT modules calculate total waveform
RMS levels, fundamental frequency phasors, symmetrical components, and harmonics for voltage or current, as allowed
by the hardware in each channel. These modules can calculate other parameters as directed by the CPU module.
A CT/VT module contains up to eight input channels, numbered 1 through 8. The channel numbering corresponds to the
module terminal numbering 1 through 8 and is arranged as follows. Channels 1, 2, 3, and 4 are always provided as a group,
hereafter called a “bank,” and all four are either current or voltage, as are channels 5, 6, 7, and 8. Channels 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6,
7 are arranged as phase A, B, and C respectively. Channels 4 and 8 are either another current or voltage.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP
Banks are ordered sequentially from the block of lower-numbered channels to the block of higher-numbered channels,
and from the CT/VT module with the lowest slot position letter to the module with the highest slot position letter, as follows.
Increasing slot position letter -->
CT/VT module 1 CT/VT module 2 CT/VT module 3
< bank 1 > < bank 3 > < bank 5 >
< bank 2 > < bank 4 > < bank 6 >
The UR platform allows for a maximum of six sets of three-phase voltages and six sets of three-phase currents. The result
of these restrictions leads to the maximum number of CT/VT modules in a chassis to three. The maximum number of
sources is six. A summary of CT/VT module configurations is as follows.
Item Maximum number
CT/VT Module 1
CT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 ground channel) 1
VT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 auxiliary channel) 1
5.2.2.3 CT/VT input channel configuration

Upon relay startup, configuration settings for every bank of current or voltage input channels in the relay are generated
automatically from the order code. Within each bank, a channel identification label is assigned automatically to each bank
of channels in a given product. The bank naming convention is based on the physical location of the channels, required by
the user to know how to connect the relay to external circuits. Bank identification consists of the letter designation of the
slot in which the CT/VT module is mounted as the first character, followed by numbers indicating the channel, either 1 or 5.
See the HardFiber instruction manual for designations of HardFiber voltage and current banks.
For three-phase channel sets, the number of the lowest numbered channel identifies the set. For example, F1 represents
the three-phase channel set of F1/F2/F3, where F is the slot letter and 1 is the first channel of the three channels.
5
Upon startup, the CPU configures the settings required to characterize the current and voltage inputs, and it displays them
in the appropriate section in the sequence of the banks (as described earlier) as follows for a maximum configuration: F1,
F5, M1, M5, U1, and U5.
5.3 Product setup

5.3.1 Security
5.3.1.1 Security overview

The following security features are available:
• Password security — Basic security present by default
• EnerVista security — Role-based access to various EnerVista software screens and configuration elements. The
feature is present by default in the EnerVista software.
• CyberSentry security — Advanced security available using a software option. When purchased, the option is
automatically enabled, and the default Password security and EnerVista security are disabled.
Lost password
If all passwords are lost, recovery is possible by resetting the unit to default values. Note that the relay is reset to default
values, not just the passwords.
To reset the unit after a lost password:
1. Email GE customer service at multilin.tech@ge.com with the serial number and using a recognizable corporate email
account. Customer service provides a code to reset the relay to the factory defaults.
2. Enter the reset code on the front panel, under COMMANDS  RELAY MAINTENANCE  SERVICE COMMAND.

PRODUCT SETUP CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
3. Change the default password of ChangeMe1# as outlined in the Set Up CyberSentry and Change Default Password
section at the end of the Installation chapter.
Password requirements
A user account requires an alpha-numeric password that meets the following requirements:
• Password is case-sensitive
• Password cannot contain the user account name or parts of the user account that exceed two consecutive
characters
• Password must be at least eight characters in length
• Password must contain characters from all of the following categories:
– English uppercase characters (A through Z)
– English lowercase characters (a through z)
– Base 10 digits (0 through 9)
– Non-alphabetic characters (for example, ~, !, @, #, $,%, &)
5.3.1.2 Password security

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY
 SECURITY ACCESS LEVEL: Range: Restricted, Command, Setting,
  Restricted Factory Service (for factory use only)
 CHANGE LOCAL See page 5-9

  PASSWORDS
5   CHANGE REMOTE
 PASSWORDS
See page 5-10
 ACCESS See page 5-10

  SUPERVISION
 DUAL PERMISSION See page 5-11

  SECURITY ACCESS
PASSWORD ACCESS Range: Disabled, Enabled

 EVENTS: Disabled
The D30 supports password entry from a local or remote connection.

Local access is defined as access to settings or commands via the faceplate. This includes both keypad entry and the
RS232 port. Remote access is defined as access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes
both Ethernet and RS485 connections. Any change to the local or remote password enables this functionality.
ACCESS LEVEL — The "Restricted" option means that settings and commands can be accessed, but there is no access to
factory configuration. Access automatically reverts to the Restricted level according to the access level timeout setting
values. The access level is set to Restricted when control power is cycled.
The "Factory Service" level is not available and intended for factory use only.
There are two user security access levels, setting and command, for which you can set a password for each. Use of a
password for each level controls whether users can enter commands or change settings. Another option is to specify
setting and/or command access for individual user accounts.
• Setting — Allows the user to make any changes to any of the setting values:
– Changing any setting
– Test mode operation
• Command — Restricts the user from making any settings changes, but allows the user to perform the following
operations:
– Operating the breakers via faceplate keypad
– Changing the state of virtual inputs

– Clearing the event records

– Clearing the oscillography records
– Clearing fault reports
– Changing the date and time
– Clearing the breaker arcing current
– Clearing the data logger
– Clearing the user-programmable pushbutton states
connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used.
The local setting and command sessions are initiated by the user through the front panel display and are disabled either by
the user or by timeout (via the setting and command level access timeout settings). The remote setting and command
sessions are initiated by the user through the EnerVista software and are disabled either by the user or by timeout.
The state of the session (local or remote, setting or command) determines the state of the following FlexLogic operands:
• ACCESS LOC SETG OFF — Asserted when local setting access is disabled
• ACCESS LOC SETG ON — Asserted when local setting access is enabled
• ACCESS LOC CMND OFF — Asserted when local command access is disabled
• ACCESS LOC CMND ON — Asserted when local command access is enabled
• ACCESS REM SETG OFF — Asserted when remote setting access is disabled
• ACCESS REM SETG ON — Asserted when remote setting access is enabled
• ACCESS REM CMND OFF — Asserted when remote command access is disabled
• ACCESS REM CMND ON — Asserted when remote command access is enabled 5
A command or setting write operation is required to update the state of the remote and local security operands
listed.
PASSWORD ACCESS EVENTS — This setting allows recording of password access events in the event recorder.
Change local passwords

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS
 CHANGE LOCAL CHANGE SETTING Range: No, Yes
 PASSWORDS  PASSWORD: No
CHANGE COMMAND Range: No, Yes

 PASSWORD: No
ENCRYPTED COMMAND Range: 0 to 9999999999

 PASSWORD: ---------- Note: ---------- indicates no password
ENCRYPTED SETTING Range: 0 to 9999999999

 PASSWORD: ---------- Note: ---------- indicates no password
As outlined in the previous section, there are two user security access levels, setting and command. Use of a password for
each level controls whether users can enter commands or change settings.
Proper password codes are required to enable each access level. When a CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD or CHANGE
SETTING PASSWORD setting is programmed to “Yes” via the front panel interface, the following message sequence is
invoked:
1. ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ____________.
2. VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ____________.
3. NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED.

To gain write access to a “Restricted” setting, program the ACCESS LEVEL setting in the main security menu to “Setting” and
then change the setting, or attempt to change the setting and follow the prompt to enter the programmed password. If the
password is correctly entered, access is allowed. Access automatically reverts to the “Restricted” level according to the
access level timeout setting values and when power is cycled.
If the setting and command passwords are identical, then this one password allows access to both commands and
settings.
If a remote connection is established, local passcodes are not visible.
Change remote passwords

Proper passwords are required to enable each command or setting level access, which are explained in the previous
section.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  CHANGE REMOTE PASSWORDS
 CHANGE REMOTE CHANGE SETTING Range: No, Yes
 PASSWORDS  PASSWORD: No
CHANGE COMMAND Range: No, Yes

 PASSWORD: No
To set the command or setting password in EnerVista:

1. In the EnerVista software or from the front panel, navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Security menu item to open
the remote password settings window.
2. Click the command or setting password Change button.
5 3. Enter the new password in the New Password field. Requirements are outlined in the Password Requirements section
earlier in this chapter. When an original password has already been used, enter it in the Enter Password field and click
the Send Password to Device button.
4. Re-enter the password in the Confirm Password field.
5. Click the OK button. The password is checked to ensure that it meets requirements.
If you establish a local (serial) connection to the relay, you cannot view remote passcodes.
Access supervision
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  ACCESS SUPERVISION
 ACCESS  ACCESS LEVEL See below
 SUPERVISION   TIMEOUTS
INVALID ATTEMPTS Range: 2 to 5 in steps of 1

 BEFORE LOCKOUT: 3

PASSWORD LOCKOUT Range: 5 to 60 minutes in steps of 1

 DURATION: 5 min
The following access supervision settings are available.

INVALID ATTEMPTS BEFORE LOCKOUT — This setting specifies the number of times that an incorrect password can be entered
within a three-minute time span before lockout occurs. When lockout occurs, the LOCAL ACCESS DENIED or REMOTE ACCESS
DENIED FlexLogic operands are set to “On.” These operands are returned to the “Off” state upon expiration of the lockout.
PASSWORD LOCKOUT DURATION — This setting specifies the time that the D30 locks out password access after the number
of invalid password entries specified by the INVALID ATTEMPTS BEFORE LOCKOUT setting has occurred.
The D30 provides a means to raise an alarm upon failed password entry. If password verification fails while accessing a
password-protected level of the relay (either settings or commands), the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS FlexLogic operand is
asserted. The operand can be programmed to raise an alarm via contact outputs or communications. This feature can be
used to protect against both unauthorized and accidental access attempts.
The UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS operand is reset with the COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS  RESET UNAUTHORIZED ALARMS
command. Therefore, to apply this feature with security, password-protect the Command level. The operand does not
generate events or targets.
If events or targets are required, the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS operand can be assigned to a digital element programmed with
event logs or targets enabled.
The following table outlines access level timeout settings.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  ACCESS SUPERVISION  ACCESS LEVEL TIMEOUTS
 ACCESS LEVEL COMMAND LEVEL ACCESS Range: 5 to 480 minutes in steps of 1
 TIMEOUTS  TIMEOUT: 5 min
 SETTING LEVEL ACCESS

TIMEOUT: 30 min
Range: 5 to 480 minutes in steps of 1
5
These settings allow the user to specify the length of inactivity required before returning to the Restricted access level.
Note that the access level is set to Restricted when control power is cycled.
COMMAND LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT — This setting specifies the length of inactivity (no local or remote access) required to
return to Restricted access from the Command password level.
SETTING LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT — This setting specifies the length of inactivity (no local or remote access) required to return
to Restricted access from the Command password level.
Dual permission security access

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  DUAL PERMISSION SECURITY ACCESS
 DUAL PERMISSION LOCAL SETTING AUTH: Range: selected FlexLogic operands (see below)
 SECURITY ACCESS  On
REMOTE SETTING AUTH: Range: FlexLogic operand

 On
ACCESS AUTH Range: 5 to 480 minutes in steps of 1

 TIMEOUT: 30 min
This feature provides a mechanism to prevent unauthorized or unintended upload of settings to a relay through the local
or remote interface.
The following settings are available through the local (front panel) interface only.
• LOCAL SETTING AUTH — This setting is used for local (front panel or RS232 interface) setting access supervision. Valid
values for the FlexLogic operands are either “On” (default) or any physical “Contact Input ~~ On” value.
If this setting is “On,“ then local setting access functions as normal; that is, a local setting password is required. If this
setting is any contact input on FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (on) prior to providing the local
setting password to gain setting access.

If setting access is not authorized for local operation (front panel or RS232 interface) and the user attempts to obtain
setting access, then the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS message displays on the front panel.
If this setting is "Off," firmware upgrades are blocked. If this setting is "On," firmware upgrades are allowed.
• REMOTE SETTING AUTH — This setting is used for remote (Ethernet or RS485 interface) setting access supervision.
If this setting is “On” (the default setting), then remote setting access functions as normal; that is, a remote password is
required. If this setting is “Off,” then remote setting access is blocked even if the correct remote setting password is
provided. If this setting is any other FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to
providing the remote setting password to gain setting access.
If this setting is "Off," firmware upgrades are blocked. If this setting is "On," firmware upgrades are allowed.
• ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT — This setting represents the timeout delay for local setting access. This setting is applicable
when the LOCAL SETTING AUTH setting is programmed to any operand except “On.” The state of the FlexLogic operand
is monitored continuously for an off-to-on transition. When this occurs, local access is permitted and the timer
programmed with the ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT setting value is started. When this timer expires, local setting access is
immediately denied. If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic operand is detected, the
timeout is restarted. The status of this timer updates every five seconds.
The following settings are available through the remote (EnerVista UR Setup) interface only. Select the Settings > Product
Setup > Security menu item to display the security settings window.
The Remote Settings Authorized setting is used for remote (Ethernet or RS485 interface) setting access supervision. If this
setting is “On” (the default setting), then remote setting access functions as normal; that is, a remote password is required.
If this setting is “Off,” then remote setting access is blocked even if the correct remote setting password is provided. If this
setting is any other FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (on) prior to providing the remote setting
password to gain setting access.
The Access Authorized Timeout setting represents the timeout delay remote setting access. It applies when the Remote
Settings Authorized setting is programmed to any operand except “On” or “Off.” The state of the FlexLogic operand is
continuously monitored for an off-to-on transition. When this occurs, remote setting access is permitted, and the timer
programmed with the Access Authorized Timeout setting value is started. When this timer expires, remote setting access
is denied immediately. If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic operand is detected, the timeout
is restarted. The status of this timer updates every five seconds.
5.3.1.3 EnerVista security
Enable the security management system

The EnerVista security system allows an administrator to manage access privileges of multiple users of EnerVista.

It is disabled by default to allow access to the device immediately after installation. When security is disabled, all users
have administrator access. GE recommends enabling the EnerVista security before placing the device in service.
To enable the security system and require password use:
1. Select the Security > User Management menu to open the user management window.
2. Enable the Enable Security check box in the lower-left corner to enable the security management system.
3. Click the Ok button. 5
If you force password entry by using this feature, ensure that you know the Administrator password. If you do not
know the password and are locked out of the software, contact GE Grid Solutions for the default password of a UR
device. When using CyberSentry, the default password is "ChangeMe1#".
Security is now enabled for the EnerVista UR Setup software. Upon starting the software, users are now required to enter a
username and password.
Add a new user

The following pre-requisites are required to add user accounts to the EnerVista security management system:
• The user adding the account must have administrator rights
• The EnerVista security management system must be enabled (previous section)
To add a user account:
1. Select the Security > User Management item from the top menu to open the user management window.
2. Enter a username in the User field. The username must be four to 20 characters in length.

3. Select the user access rights by enabling the check box of one or more fields.
The table outlines access rights.

Table 5-1: Access rights summary
Field Description
Delete Entry Deletes the user account when exiting the user management window
5 Actual Values Allows the user to read Actual Values
Settings Allows the user to read Settings values
Commands Allows the user to execute Commands
Event Recorder Allows the user to use the Event Recorder
FlexLogic Allows the user to read FlexLogic values
Update Info Allows the user to write to any function to which they have read privileges. When any of the Settings, Event
Recorder, and FlexLogic check boxes are enabled by themselves, the user is granted read access. When
any of them are enabled in conjunction with the Update Info box, they are granted read and write access.
The user is not granted write access to functions that are not enabled, even if the Update Info field is
enabled.
Admin When the check box is enabled, the user becomes an EnerVista UR Setup administrator and has all
administrative rights. Exercise caution when granting administrator rights.
4. Click OK to add the user account to the system.
Modify user privileges

The following pre-requisites are required to modify user privileges in the EnerVista security management system:
• The user modifying the privileges must have administrator rights
• The EnerVista security management system must be enabled (the Enable Security check box enabled)
To modify user privileges:
1. Select the Security > User Management item from the top menu to open the user management window.
2. Locate the username in the User field.

3. Modify the user access rights by enabling or disabling one or more of the check boxes.
The table outlines access rights.

Table 5-2: Access rights summary
Field Description
Delete Entry Deletes the user account when exiting the user management window
Actual Values Allows the user to read actual values 5
Settings Allows the user to read setting values
Commands Allows the user to execute commands
Event Recorder Allows the user to use the digital fault recorder
FlexLogic Allows the user to read FlexLogic values
Update Info Allows the user to write to any function to which they have read privileges. When any of the Settings, Event
Recorder, and FlexLogic check boxes are enabled by themselves, the user is granted read access. When
any of them are enabled in conjunction with the Update Info box, they are granted read and write access.
The user is not granted write access to functions that are not enabled, even if the Update Info field is
enabled.
Admin When this check box is enabled, the user becomes an EnerVista UR Setup administrator and has all
administrative rights. Exercise caution when granting administrator rights.
4. Click OK to save the changes.
5.3.1.4 CyberSentry security
This feature requires a CyberSentry software option. See the Order Codes section in chapter 2 for details.
The EnerVista software provides the means to configure and authenticate the D30 access using either a server or the
device. Access to functions depends on user role.
The login screen of EnerVista has two options for access to the D30, these being Server and Device authentication.

Figure 5-2: Login screen for CyberSentry
When the "Server" Authentication Type is selected, the D30 uses the RADIUS server and not its local authentication
database to authenticate the user.
When the "Device" button is selected, the D30 uses its local authentication database and not the RADIUS server to
authenticate the user. In this case, it uses built-in roles (Administrator, Engineer, Supervisor, Operator, Observer, or
Administrator and Supervisor when Device Authentication is disabled), as login accounts and the associated passwords
are stored on the D30 device. In this case, access is not user-attributable. In cases where user-attributable access is
required, especially for auditable processes for compliance reasons, use server authentication (RADIUS) only.
No password or security information is displayed in plain text by the EnerVista software or the UR device, nor are they ever
transmitted without cryptographic protection.
Only (TCP/UDP) ports and services that are needed for device configuration and for customer enabled features are
5 open. All the other ports are closed. For example, Modbus is on by default, so its TCP port 502, is open. But if
Modbus is disabled, port 502 is closed. This function has been tested and no unused ports have been found open.
When CyberSentry is enabled, Modbus communications over Ethernet is encrypted, which is not always tolerated by
SCADA systems. The UR has a bypass access feature for such situations, which allows unencrypted Modbus over Ethernet.
The Bypass Access setting is available on the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  SUPERVISORY screen. Note that
other protocols (DNP, 101, 103, 104, EGD) are not encrypted, and they are good communications options for SCADA
systems when CyberSentry is enabled.
CyberSentry settings through EnerVista

CyberSentry security settings are configured under Device > Settings > Product Setup > Security.

Figure 5-3: Security panel when CyberSentry installed
For the Device > Settings > Product Setup > Supervisory option, the panel looks like the following.
Figure 5-4: Supervisory panel
5
For the Security panel, the following settings are available.

Table 5-3: RADIUS server settings

Setting name Description Minimum Maximum Default Units Minimum
permission
Primary RADIUS IP IP address of the main RADIUS server. 0.0.0.0 223.255.255.254 0.0.0.0 - Administrator
Address Default value indicates no Primary
RADIUS server is configured, and hence
RADIUS is disabled.
Primary RADIUS authentication port 1 65535 1812 - Administrator
Authentication Port
Primary Accounting RADIUS accounting port 1 65535 1813 - Administrator
Port
Vendor ID An identifier that specifies RADIUS Value that Administrator
vendor-specific attributes used with the represents
protocol General
Electric
RADIUS Authentication method used by RADIUS EAP-TTLS EAP-TTLS EAP-TTLS - Administrator
Authentication server. Currently fixed to EAP-TTLS.
Method
RADIUS Shared secret used in authentication. It See the See the following N/A - Administrator
Authentication displays as asterisks. This setting must Password password section
(Shared) Secret meet the CyberSentry password Requirements for requirements
requirements. section earlier
in this chapter
Timeout Timeout in seconds between re- 0 9999 10 sec Administrator
transmission requests
Retries Number of retries before giving up 0 9999 3 - Administrator
5
Confirm RADIUS Confirmation of the shared secret. The See the 245 characters N/A - Administrator
Authentication entry displays as asterisks. Password
(Shared) Secret Requirements
section
Table 5-4: General security settings

permission
Session Lockout Number of failed authentications before the 0 (lockout 99 3 - Administrator
device blocks subsequent authentication disabled)
attempts for the lockout period
Session Lockout The period in minutes that a user is prevented 0 (no period) 9999 3 min Administrator
Period from logging in after being locked out
Syslog Server IP The IP address of the target Syslog server to 0.0.0.0 223.255. 0.0.0.0 - Administrator
Address which all security events are transmitted 255.254
Syslog Server Port The UDP port number of the target syslog 1 65535 514 - Administrator
Number server to which all security events are
transmitted
Device When enabled, local Device authentication Disabled Enabled Enabled - Administrator
Authentication with roles is allowed. When disabled, the UR
only authenticates to the AAA server (RADIUS).
NOTE: Administrator and Supervisor (if still
enabled) remain active even after Device
authentication is disabled. The only permission
for local Administrator is to re-enable Device
authentication when Device authentication is
disabled. To re-enable Device authentication,
the Supervisor unlocks the device for setting
changes, and then the Administrator can re-
enable Device authentication.


permission
Firmware Lock Indicates if the device receives firmware Disabled Enabled Enabled - Administrator
(via Lock Relay) upgrades. If Enabled and the firmware
upgrade attempt is made, the device denies
the upgrade and displays an error message
that the lock is set. On each firmware upgrade,
this setting goes back to the default.
The Lock Relay setting blocks settings and

firmware updates.
Factory Service When enabled, the device can go into factory Disabled Enabled Disabled - Supervisor
Mode service mode. To enable, Supervisor (Administrator
authentication is necessary. when Supervisor
is disabled)
Restore to Defaults Sets the device to factory defaults No Yes No - Administrator
Supervisor Role When enabled, the Supervisor role is active. To Disabled Enabled Enabled - Administrator to
enable, Administrator authentication is enable and
necessary. When disabled, the Supervisor role Supervisor to
is inactive. To disable, Supervisor disable
authentication is necessary.
RADIUS user names Ensures that RADIUS user names are not the See RADIUS See - Administrator
same as local/device role names server RADIUS
documents server
document
s
Password Local/device roles except for Observer are See the See the Change Text The specified
password-protected. All RADIUS users are Password following Me1# role and
password-protected. Requirements password Administrator,
section earlier
in this chapter
section for
requireme
except for
Supervisor,
5
nts where it is only
itself
Table 5-5: Security alarm settings

Setting name Description / Details Min Max Default Units Minimum
permissions
Failed A threshold number indicating when an alarm 0 99 3 - Administrator
Authentications is set off to indicate too many failed (disabled)
authentication attempts
Firmware Lock A value indicating if the device can receive a Disabled Enabled Enabled - Administrator
firmware upgrade. If Enabled and a firmware
upgrade attempt is made, the device alarm
activates. If Disabled, the device alarm does not
activate. On each firmware upgrade this setting
goes back to the default.
Settings Lock A value indicating if the device can accept any Disabled Enabled Enabled - Supervisor
settings changes. If Enabled and a settings (Administrator if
change attempt is made, the device alarm Supervisor has
activates. If Disabled, the device alarm does not been disabled)
activate.
CyberSentry settings through the front panel

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY
 SECURITY LOGIN: Range: Administrator, Engineer, Supervisor,
  None Operator, Factory (for factory use only), None
 CHANGE LOCAL See page 5-20

  PASSWORDS
 SESSION See page 5-21

  SETTINGS

 RESTORE DEFAULTS See page 5-21

 
 SUPERVISORY See page 5-21

 
SYSLOG IP ADDRESS: Range: 0.0.0.0, 255.255.255.255

 0.0.0.0
SYSLOG PORT NUMBER: Range: 1 to 65535

 514
LOGIN — This setting is applicable for Device authentication only. This setting allows a user to log in with a specific role, as
outlined here. For the Supervisor role, enable the “Supervisor Role” setting. Log out by right-clicking the device in EnerVista
and selecting the Disconnect option.
Whenever a new role is logged in, the user is prompted to enter a password. Passwords must obey the requirements
specified earlier in the chapter in the Password Requirements section.The UR device supports five roles. Roles have their
corresponding passwords, except the Observer role, which does not require a password.
The roles are defined as follows:
• Administrator — Complete read/write access to all settings and commands. This role does not allow concurrent
access. This role has an operand to indicate when it is logged on.
• Engineer — Complete read/write access to all settings and commands except configuring Security settings and
firmware upgrades. This role does not allow concurrent access.
• Operator — The Operator has read/write access to all settings under the Commands menu/section. This role does not
exist offline.
• Supervisor — This is only an approving role. This role’s authentication commits setting changes submitted by
5 Administrator or Engineer. The Supervisor role authenticates to unlock the UR relay for setting changes and not
approve changes after the fact. Only a Supervisor can set the Settings Lock and Firmware Lock in the Security
settings. This role also has the ability to forcefully log off any other role and clear the security event log. This role can
also be disabled, but only through a Supervisor authentication. When this role is disabled its permissions are assigned
to the Administrator role.
• Observer — This role has read-only access to all D30 settings. This role allows unlimited concurrent access but it has
no download access to any files on the device. Observer is the default role if no authentication has been done to the
device. This role displays as "None" on the front panel. When local authentication is used, no password is required for
this role. When RADIUS server authentication is used, a password is required.
The Factory service role is not available. It is for factory use only.
The Local Access Denied message on the front panel can mean that you need to log in to the UR in order to
complete the action.
Change local passwords

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS
 CHANGE LOCAL LOGIN: Range: 20 alphanumeric characters
 PASSWORDS  None
NEW PASSWORD: Range: 20 alphanumeric characters


CONFIRM PASSWORD: Range: 20 alphanumeric characters

The menu is shown on the front panel upon successful login of the Administrator role.
The LOGIN setting in this menu is similar to that described in SETTINGS > PRODUCT SETUP > SECURITY except for the factory
role.
Passwords are stored in text format. No encryption is applied.

In Device authentication mode, the Observer role does not have a password associated with it. In Server
authentication mode the Observer role requires a password.
If you are locked out of the software, contact GE Grid Solutions for the default password. When using CyberSentry,
the default password is "ChangeMe1#".
Once the passwords are set, the Administrator with Supervisor approval can change the role-associated password.
In CyberSentry, password encryption is not supported.
Session settings
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  SESSION SETTINGS
 SESSION SESSION LOCKOUT: Range: 0 to 99
 SETTINGS  3
SESSION LOCKOUT Range: 0 to 9999 minutes

 PERIOD: 3 min
SESSION LOCKOUT — This setting specifies the number of failed authentications before the device blocks subsequent
authentication attempts for the lockout period. A value of zero means lockout is disabled.
SESSION LOCKOUT PERIOD — This setting specifies the period of time in minutes of a lockout period. A value of 0 means that
there is no lockout period.
Restore defaults
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  RESTORE DEFAULTS
 RESTORE DEFAULTS
  LOAD FACTORY
DEFAULTS: No
Range: Yes, No
5
LOAD FACTORY DEFAULTS — This setting is used to reset all the settings, communication, and security passwords. An
Administrator role is used to change this setting and a Supervisor role (if not disabled) approves it.
Supervisory
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  SUPERVISORY
 SUPERVISORY DEVICE Range: Yes, No
  AUTHENTICATION: Yes
BYPASS ACCESS: Range: Local, Remote, Local and Remote, Disabled,

 Disabled Pushbuttons
LOCK RELAY: Range: Enabled, Disabled

 Disabled
FACTORY SERVICE Range: Enabled, Disabled

 MODE: Disabled
 SELF TESTS See below

 
SUPERVISOR ROLE: Range: Enabled, Disabled

 Disabled
SERIAL INACTIVITY Range: 1 to 9999 minutes

 TIMEOUT: 1 min
The Supervisory menu settings are available for Supervisor role only, or if the Supervisor role is disabled then for the
Administrator role only.

DEVICE AUTHENTICATION — This setting is enabled by default, meaning "Yes" is selected. When enabled, Device
authentication with roles is enabled. When this setting is disabled, the UR only authenticates to the AAA server (RADIUS).
However, the Administrator and Supervisor (when enabled) remain active even after device authentication is disabled and
their only permission is to re-enable Device authentication. To re-enable Device authentication, the Supervisor unlocks the
device for settings changes, then the Administrator re-enables device authentication.
BYPASS ACCESS — The bypass security feature provides an easier access, with no authentication and encryption for those
special situations when this is considered safe. Only the Supervisor, or the Administrator when the Supervisor role is
disabled, can enable this feature.
Mode Front panel or serial (RS232, RS485) Ethernet
Normal mode Authentication — Role Based Access Control (RBAC) Authentication — RBAC and passwords encrypted
and passwords in clear SSH tunneling
Bypass access mode No passwords for allowed RBAC levels No passwords for allowed RBAC levels
No SSH tunneling
The bypass options are as follows:

• Local — Bypasses authentication for push buttons, keypad, RS232, and RS485
• Remote — Bypasses authentication for Ethernet
• Local and Remote — Bypasses authentication for push buttons, keypad, RS232, RS485, and Ethernet
• Pushbuttons — Bypasses authentication for front panel push buttons only
LOCK RELAY — This setting uses a Boolean value (Enabled/Disabled) to indicate if the device accepts settings changes and
whether the device can receive a firmware upgrade. This setting can be changed by the Supervisor role, if it is enabled, or
by the Administrator if the Supervisor role is disabled. The Supervisor role disables this setting for the relay to start
accepting settings changes, command changes, or firmware upgrade. After all the setting changes are applied or
5 commands executed, the Supervisor enables to lock settings changes.
Example: If this setting is enabled and an attempt is made to change settings or upgrade the firmware, the UR device
denies the settings changes or denies upgrading the firmware. If this setting is disabled, the UR device accepts settings
changes and firmware upgrade.
This role is disabled by default.
FACTORY SERVICE MODE — When Enabled, the device can go into factory service mode. For this setting to become enabled a
Supervisor authentication is necessary. The default value is Disabled.
SUPERVISOR ROLE — When Enabled, the Supervisor role is active. To Disable this setting a Supervisor authentication is
necessary. If disabled, the Supervisor role is not allowed to log in. In this case, the Administrator can change the settings
under the Supervisory menu.
If enabled, Supervisor authentication is required to change the settings in the Supervisory menu. If the Supervisor disables
their role after authentication, the Supervisor session remains valid until they switch to another role using MMI or until they
end the current Supervisor session if using communications.
This role is disabled by default.
SERIAL INACTIVITY TIMEOUT — The role logged via a serial port is auto logged off after the Serial Inactivity timer times out. A
separate timer is maintained for RS232 and RS485 connections. The default value is 1 minute.
Self-tests
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  SUPERVISORY  SELF TESTS
 SELF TESTS  FAILED See below
   AUTHENTICATE
FIRMWARE LOCK: Range: Enabled, Disabled

 Enabled
SETTINGS LOCK: Range: Enabled, Disabled

 Enabled

FAILED AUTHENTICATE — If this setting is Enabled then the number of failed authentications is compared with the Session
Lockout threshold. When the Session Lockout threshold is exceeded, this minor alarm indication comes up.
FIRMWARE LOCK — If this setting is Enabled, then any firmware upgrade operation attempt when the Lock Relay setting is
enabled brings up this self test alarm.
SETTINGS LOCK — If this setting is Enabled then an unauthorized write attempt to a setting for a given role activates this self
test.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  SECURITY  SUPERVISORY  SELF TESTS  FAILED AUTHENTICATE
 FAILED FAILED AUTHENTICATE: Range: Enabled, Disabled
 AUTHENTICATE  Enabled
CyberSentry setup
When first using CyberSentry security, use the following procedure for setup.
1. Log in to the relay as Administrator by using the VALUE keys on the front panel to enter the default password
"ChangeMe1#". Note that the Lock Relay setting needs to be disabled in the Security > Supervisory menu. When this
setting is disabled, configuration and firmware upgrade are possible. By default, this setting is disabled.
2. Enable the Supervisor role if you have a need for it.
3. Make any required changes in configuration, such as setting a valid IP address for communication over Ethernet.
4. Log out of the Administrator account by choosing None.
5. Next, Device or Server authentication can be chosen on the login screen, but the choice is available only in EnerVista.
Use Device authentication to log in using the five pre-configured roles (Administrator, Supervisor, Engineer, Operator,
Observer). When using a serial connection, only Device authentication is supported. When Server authentication is
required, characteristics for communication with a RADIUS server must be configured. This is possible only in the
EnerVista software. The RADIUS server itself also must be configured. The appendix called RADIUS Server at the end of 5
this instruction manual gives an example of how to set up a simple RADIUS server. Once both the RADIUS server and
the parameters for connecting the UR to the server have been configured, you can choose Server authentication on
the login screen of EnerVista.
The use of CyberSentry for devices communicating through an Ethernet-to-RS485 gateway is not
supported. Because these gateways do not support the secure protocols necessary to communicate
with such devices, the connection cannot be established. Use the device as a non-CyberSentry
device.
Users logged in through the front panel are not timed out and cannot be forcefully logged out by a
supervisor. Roles logged in through the front panel that do no allow multiple instances (Administrator,
Supervisor, Engineer, Operator) must switch to None (equivalent to a logout) when they are done in
order to log out.
For all user roles except Observer, only one instance can be logged in at a time, for both login by front
panel and software.
To configure Server authentication:
1. In the EnerVista software, choose Device authentication and log in as Administrator.
2. Configure the following RADIUS server parameters: IP address, authentication port, shared secret, and vendor ID.
3. On the RADIUS server, configure the user accounts. Do not use the five pre-defined roles as user names (Administrator,
Supervisor, Engineer, Operator, Observer) in the RADIUS server. If you do, the UR relay automatically provides the
authentication from the device.
4. In the EnerVista software, choose Server authentication and log in using the user name and password configured on
the RADIUS server for Server authentication login.
5. After making any required changes, log out.
When changing settings offline, ensure that only settings permitted by the role that performs the
settings download are changed because only those changes are applied.

Pushbuttons (both user-control buttons and user-programmable buttons) located on the front panel can be pressed by an
Administrator or Engineer role. This also applies to the RESET button, which resets targets, where targets are errors
displayed on the front panel or the Targets panel of the EnerVista software. The RESET button has special behavior in that it
allows these two roles to press it even when they are logged in through the RS232 port and not through the front panel.
To reset the security event log and self-test operands:
1. Log in as Supervisor (if the role is enabled) or Administrator (if the Supervisor role is disabled) and execute a clear
security command under Commands > Security > Clear Security.
Security events
The security events produced when the CyberSentry option is purchased are sent as sytem log (syslog) messages to a
syslog server, if one is configured. The format is as follows.
Security log Event Number Date & Username IP address Role Activity Value
Timestamp
Event Number — Event identification number (index)

Date & Timestamp — UTC date and time
Username — 255 chars maximum, but in the security log it is truncated to 20 characters
IP address — Device IP address
Role — 16 bit unsigned, of type format F617
Enumeration Role
0 None
5 1
2
Administrator
Supervisor
3 Engineer
4 Operator
5 Factory
Activity Value — 16 bit unsigned
Enumeration Description
1 Authentication Failed
2 User Lockout
3 FW Upgrade
4 FW Lock
5 Settings Lock
6 Settings Change. Because this can fill the entire event log, it is supported by the
already existing Settings_Change.log file. This event is not required.
7 Clear Oscillography command
8 Clear Data Logger command (not applicable to all UR products)
9 Clear Demand Records command (not applicable to all UR products)
10 Clear Energy command (not applicable to all UR products)
11 Clear Unauthorized Access command
12 Clear Teleprotection Counters command (not applicable to all UR products)
13 Clear All Relay Records command
14 Role Log in
15 Role Log off

In addition to supporting syslog, a D30 with CyberSentry also saves the security events in two local security files, these
being SECURITY_EVENTS.CSV and SETTING_CHANGES.LOG. Details on these files and how to retrieve them are available in
the EnerVista software under Maintenance > Retrieve File. Depending on the level of criticality/severity, a syslog server or
a reporting tool gathering information from a syslog server can produce reports, charts, and so on. All severity levels are
per RFC 5424.
Table 5-6: CyberSentry system events recorded
Event Severity Description
FAILED_AUTH, ORIGIN, TIMESTAMP Warning (4) A failed authentication with origin information (username and IP:MAC
address), a time stamp in UTC time when it occurred
AUTH_LOCKOUT, ORIGIN, TIMESTAMP Error (3) An authentication lockout has occurred because of too many failed
authentication attempts
FIRMWARE_UPGD, ORIGIN, Warning (4) Indicates that a change of firmware has occurred
TIMESTAMP
FIRMWARE_LOCK, ORIGIN, Critical (1) An attempt was made to change firmware while the firmware lock was
TIMESTAMP enabled
SETTING_CHG, ORIGIN, TIMESTAMP Notice (5) Indicates setting change(s)
SETTING_LOCK, ORIGIN, TIMESTAMP Critical (1) An attempt was made to change settings while the settings lock was enabled
LOGIN, ORIGIN, TIMESTAMP Warning (4) Indicates when a certain role logged in
LOGOUT, ORIGIN, TIMESTAMP Notice (5) Indicates when a certain role logged out or timed out
CLEAR_OSCILLOGRAPHY Notice (5) Clear oscillography command was issued
CLEAR_DATA_LOGGER Notice (5) Clear data logger command was issued
CLEAR_DEMAND_RECS Notice (5) Clear demand records command was issued
CLEAR_ENERGY Notice (5) Clear energy command was issued
RESET_UNAUTH_ACCESS Warning (4) Reset Unauthorized access command was issued 5
CLEAR_TELEPROTECTION_CNT Notice (5) Clear teleprotection counters command was issued
CLEAR_ALL_RECS Warning (4) Clear all records command was issued
5.3.2 Display properties

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES
 DISPLAY LANGUAGE: Range: English; English, French; English, Russian; English,
 PROPERTIES  English Chinese; English, German (examples; depends on order code)
Visible when language other than English purchased
FLASH MESSAGE Range: 0.5 to 10.0 s in steps of 0.1

 TIME: 1.0 s
DEFAULT MESSAGE Range: 10 to 900 s in steps of 1

 TIMEOUT: 300 s
DEFAULT MESSAGE Range: 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%

 INTENSITY: 25 % Visible when a VFD is installed
SCREEN SAVER Range: Disabled, Enabled

 FEATURE: Disabled Visible when an LCD is installed
SCREEN SAVER WAIT Range: 1 to 65535 min. in steps of 1

 TIME: 30 min Visible when an LCD is installed
CURRENT CUT-OFF Range: 0.002 to 0.020 pu in steps of 0.001

 LEVEL: 0.020 pu
VOLTAGE CUT-OFF Range: 0.1 to 1.0 V secondary in steps of 0.1

 LEVEL: 1.0 V
Some relay messaging characteristics can be modified to suit different situations using the display properties settings.
LANGUAGE — This setting selects the language used to display settings, actual values, and targets. This setting displays
when a language other than English was purchased, and the range depends on the order code of the relay.

The language can be selected also for the front panel in EnerVista under Maintenance > Change Front Panel.
FLASH MESSAGE TIME — Flash messages are status, warning, error, and information messages displayed in response to
certain key presses during settings programming. These messages override any normal messages. Use this setting to
change the duration of flash messages on the display.
DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT — If the keypad is inactive for a period of time, the relay automatically reverts to a default
message. The inactivity time is modified using this setting to ensure that messages remain on the screen long enough
during programming or reading of actual values.
DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY — To extend phosphor life in the vacuum fluorescent display, the brightness can be
attenuated during default message display. During keypad interrogation, the display always operates at full brightness.
SCREEN SAVER FEATURE and SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME — These settings are only visible if the D30 has a liquid crystal display
(LCD) and control its backlighting. When the SCREEN SAVER FEATURE is “Enabled,” the LCD backlighting turns off after the
DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT followed by the SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME, provided that no keys have been pressed and no
target messages are active. When a keypress occurs or a target becomes active, the LCD backlighting turns on.
CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL — This setting modifies the current cut-off threshold. Very low currents (1 to 2% of the rated value)
are very susceptible to noise. Some customers prefer very low currents to display as zero, while others prefer the current to
display even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The D30 applies a cut-off value to the magnitudes
and angles of the measured currents. If the magnitude is below the cut-off level, it is substituted with zero. This applies to
phase and ground current phasors as well as true RMS values and symmetrical components. The cut-off operation applies
to quantities used for metering, protection, and control, as well as those used by communications protocols. Note that the
cut-off level for the sensitive ground input is 10 times lower that the CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value. Raw current
samples available via oscillography are not subject to cut-off.
VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL — This setting modifies the voltage cut-off threshold. Very low secondary voltage measurements
(at the fractional volt level) can be affected by noise. Some customers prefer these low voltages to be displayed as zero,
5 while others prefer the voltage to be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The D30
applies a cut-off value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured voltages. If the magnitude is below the cut-off level,
it is substituted with zero. This operation applies to phase and auxiliary voltages, and symmetrical components. The cut-off
operation applies to quantities used for metering, protection, and control, as well as those used by communications
protocols. Raw samples of the voltages available via oscillography are not subject to cut-off.
The CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL and the VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL are used to determine the metered power cut-off levels. The
power cut-off level is calculated using the following equations. For Delta connections:
Eq. 5-3
For Wye connections:
Eq. 5-4
Eq. 5-5
where VT primary = VT secondary × VT ratio and CT primary = CT secondary × CT ratio.

For example, given the following settings:
CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL: “0.02 pu”
VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL: “1.0 V”
PHASE CT PRIMARY: “100 A”
PHASE VT SECONDARY: “66.4 V”
PHASE VT RATIO: “208.00 : 1"
PHASE VT CONNECTION: “Delta”
We have:
CT primary = “100 A”, and
VT primary = PHASE VT SECONDARY x PHASE VT RATIO = 66.4 V x 208 = 13811.2 V

The power cut-off is therefore:

power cut-off= (CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL × VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL × CT primary × VT primary)/VT secondary
=( × 0.02 pu × 1.0 V × 100 A × 13811.2 V) / 66.4 V
= 720.5 watts
Any calculated power value below this cut-off does not display.
Lower the VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL and CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL with care as the relay accepts lower signals as valid
measurements. Unless dictated otherwise by a specific application, the default settings of “0.02 pu” for CURRENT
CUT-OFF LEVEL and “1.0 V” for VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL are recommended.
5.3.3 Clear relay records

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  CLEAR RELAY RECORDS
 CLEAR RELAY CLEAR FAULT REPORTS: Range: FlexLogic operand
 RECORDS  Off
CLEAR EVENT RECORDS: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CLEAR DATA LOGGER: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CLEAR ARC AMPS 1: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
 CLEAR ARC AMPS 2: Range: FlexLogic operand 5

Off
RESET UNAUTH ACCESS: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CLEAR DIR I/O STATS: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off Visible only for units with Direct I/O module
RESET UNAUTH ACCESS — Resets the access restriction counter.

Selected records can be cleared from user-programmable conditions with FlexLogic operands. Assigning user-
programmable pushbuttons to clear specific records is a typical application for these commands. Since the D30 responds
to rising edges of the configured FlexLogic operands, they must be asserted for at least 50 ms to take effect.
Clearing records with user-programmable operands is not protected by the command password. However, user-
programmable pushbuttons are protected by the command password. Thus, if they are used to clear records, the user-
programmable pushbuttons can provide extra security if required.
For example, to assign user-programmable pushbutton 1 to clear demand records, apply the following settings.
1. Assign the clear demand function to pushbutton 1 by making the following change in the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP
 CLEAR RELAY RECORDS menu:
CLEAR DEMAND: “PUSHBUTTON 1 ON”
2. Set the properties for user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following changes in the SETTINGS  PRODUCT
SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS  USER PUSHBUTTON 1 menu:
PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: “Self-reset”
PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: “0.20 s”

5.3.4 Communications
5.3.4.1 Menu
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS
 COMMUNICATIONS  SERIAL PORTS See below
  
 NETWORK See page 5-29

 
 IPv4 ROUTE TABLE See page 5-34

 
 MODBUS PROTOCOL See page 5-37

 
 PROTOCOL See page 5-37

 
 DNP PROTOCOL See page 5-38

 
 DNP / IEC104 See page 5-42

  POINT LISTS
 IEC 61850 PROTOCOL Access in EnerVista

  See page 5-42
 WEB SERVER See page 5-85


5  HTTP PROTOCOL
 TFTP PROTOCOL See page 5-86

 
 IEC 60870-5-104 See page 5-86

  PROTOCOL
 IEC103 See page 5-88

  PROTOCOL
5.3.4.2 Serial ports

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  SERIAL PORTS
 SERIAL PORTS RS232 BAUD Range: 19200, 115200
  RATE: 115200
RS485 COM2 BAUD Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200,
 RATE: 19200 28800, 33600, 38400, 57600, 115200 bit/s
RS485 COM2 PARITY: Range: None, Odd, Even

 Even
RS485 COM2 RESPONSE Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10

 MIN TIME: 0 ms
RS232 BAUD RATE, RS485 COM2 BAUD RATE, and PARITY — The D30 is equipped with two independent serial communication
ports. The faceplate RS232 port is intended for local use and has two options for baud rate. The rear COM2 port is RS485
and has settings for baud rate and parity. It is important that these parameters agree with the settings used on the
computer or other equipment that is connected to these ports. Any of these ports can be connected to a computer
running the EnerVista software. This software can download and upload setting files, view measured parameters, and
upgrade the relay firmware. A maximum of 32 relays can be daisy-chained and connected to a DCS, PLC, or computer
using the RS485 ports. If IEC 60870-103 is chosen as the protocol, valid baud rates are 9600 and 19200 bit/s, and valid
parity is Even.

RS485 COM2 RESPONSE MIN TIME — This setting specifies the minimum time before the rear RS485 port transmits after
receiving data from a host. This feature allows operation with hosts that hold the RS485 transmitter active for some time
after each transmission.
5.3.4.3 Ethernet network topology

The D30 has three Ethernet ports. Each Ethernet port must belong to a different network or subnetwork. Configure the IP
address and subnet to ensure that each port meets this requirement. Two subnets are different when the bitwise AND
operation performed between their respective IP address and mask produces a different result. Communication becomes
unpredictable when more than one port is configured to the same subnet.
Example 1
IP1/Mask1: 10.1.1.2/255.255.255.0 (where LAN 1 is 10.1.1.x/255.255.255.0)
IP2/Mask2: 10.2.1.2/255.255.255.0 (where LAN2 is 10.2.1.x/255.255.255.0)
IP3/Mask3: 10.3.1.2/255.255.255.0 (where LAN3 is 10.3.1.x/255.255.255.0)
Example 2
IP1/Mask1: 10.1.1.2/255.0.0.0 (where LAN1 is 10.x.x.x/255.0.0.0)
Example 3 — Incorrect
IP1/Mask1: 10.1.1.2/255.0.0.0
IP2/Mask2: 10.2.1.2/255.0.0.0
5
IP3/Mask3: 10.3.1.2/255.0.0.0
This example is incorrect because the mask of 255.0.0.0 used for the three IP addresses makes them belong to the same
network of 10.x.x.x.
Single LAN, no redundancy

The topology shown in the following figure allows communications to SCADA, local configuration/monitoring through
EnerVista, and access to the public network shared on the same LAN. No redundancy is provided.

Figure 5-5: Network configuration for single LAN
Multiple LANS, with redundancy

5 The following topology provides local configuration/monitoring through EnerVista software and access to the public
network shared on LAN1, to which port 1 (P1) is connected. There is no redundancy provided on LAN1. Communications to
SCADA is provided through LAN2. P2 and P3 are connected to LAN2, where P2 is the primary channel and P3 is the
redundant channel. In this configuration, P3 uses the IP and MAC addresses of P2.
Figure 5-6: Multiple LANs, with redundancy

Multiple LANS, no redundancy

The following topology provides local configuration/monitoring through EnerVista software on LAN1, to which port 1 (P1) is
connected, access to the public network on LAN2, to which port 2 (P2) is connected, and communications with SCADA on
LAN3, to which port 3 (P3) is connected. There is no redundancy.
Figure 5-7: Multiple LANS, no redundancy
5
5.3.4.4 Network
As outlined in the previous section, when using more than one Ethernet port, configure each to belong to a different
network or subnet using the IP addresses and mask. Configure the network IP and subnet settings before configuring the
routing settings.
To obtain a list of all port numbers used, for example for audit purposes, contact GE technical support with substantiating
information, such as the serial number and order code of your device.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  NETWORK 1(3)
 NETWORK PORT 1 PRT1 IP ADDRESS: Range: standard IPV4 address format
  127.0.0.1
PRT1 SUBNET IP MASK: Range: standard IPV4 address format

 255.0.0.0
PRT1 FUNCTION: Range: Enabled, Disabled

 Enabled

  127.0.0.1

 255.0.0.0
PRT2 REDUNDANCY: Range: None, Failover, PRP

 None Range if no PRP license: None, Failover
PRP MCST ADDR: Range: 01-15-4E-00-01-00 to 01-15-4E-00-01-FF

 01154E000100

 Enabled


  127.0.0.1

 255.0.0.0

 Enabled
The IP addresses are used with the DNP, Modbus/TCP, IEC 61580, IEC 60870-5-104, TFTP, HTTP, and PRP protocols. PRP is
explained in its own section later.
PRT1 (2 or 3) IP ADDRESS — This setting sets the port’s IPv4 address in standard IPV4 format. This setting is valid on port 3 if
port 2 REDUNDANCY is set to None.
PRT1 (2 or 3) SUBNET MASK — This setting sets the port’s IPv4 subnet mask in standard IPV4 format. This setting is valid on
port 3 if port 2 REDUNDANCY is set to None.
PRT1 (2 or 3) FUNCTION — This setting enable/disables network communication on the respective port. When the port
function is Disabled, the network traffic on this port is disabled. The PRT2 redundancy setting has no effect on this
functionality. The change takes effect upon relay restart.
PRT2 REDUNDANCY — Determines if ports 2 and 3 operate in redundant or independent mode. If a license for PRP was
purchased, the options are None, Failover, and PRP. If a license for PRP was not purchased, the options are None and
Failover. In non-redundant mode (REDUNDANCY set to None), ports 2 and 3 operate independently with their own MAC, IP,
and mask addresses. If REDUNDANCY is set to Failover, the operation of ports 2 and 3 is as follows:
• Ports 2 and 3 use the port 2 MAC address, IP address, and mask
• The configuration fields for IP address and mask on port 3 are hidden
5 • Port 3 is in standby mode and does not actively communicate on the Ethernet network but monitors its link to the
Multilink switch. If port 2 detects a problem with the link, communications is switched to Port 3. Port 3 is, in effect,
acting as a redundant or backup link to the network for port 2. Once port 2 detects that the link between itself and the
switch is good and that communication is healthy for five minutes, then switching back to port 2 is performed. The
delay in switching back ensures that rebooted switching devices connected to the D30, which signal their ports as
active prior to being completely functional, have time to completely initialize themselves and become active. Once
port 2 is active again, port 3 returns to standby mode.
If REDUNDANCY is set to PRP, the operation of ports 2 and 3 is as follows:
• Ports 2 and 3 use the port 2 MAC address, IP address, and mask
• The configuration fields for IP address and mask on port 3 are overwritten with those from port 2. This is visible on the
front panel but not displayed in the EnerVista software.
• Port 2 MCST ADDRESS field is visible
• The port 2 PTP function still uses only port 2 and the port 3 PTP function still uses only port 3. The relay still
synchronizes to whichever port has the best master. When ports 2 and 3 see the same master, as is typically the case
for PRP networks, the port with the better connectivity is used.
Behavior for GOOSE messages is as follows:
• If REDUNDANCY is set to Failover or PRP, In order to transmit a GOOSE message on port 2, the CID file must be
configured to have the corresponding GSE element in both ConnectedAPs S2 and S3. In the EnerVista software, the
TxGOOSE PORT ASSIGNMENT needs to be "Ports-1,2,3" to transmit GOOSE on both ports 1 and 2, or "Ports-2,3" to have
GOOSE only on port 2, with failover/ PRP.
• If REDUNDANCY is set to PRP, the port 2 configured GOOSE message is simultaneously transmitted on ports 2 and 3
• If REDUNDANCY is set to failover and the port 2 link fails, then only the port 2 configured GOOSE message is transmitted
on port 3
The two ports must be connected to completely independent LANs with no single point of failure, such as common
power supplies that feed switches on both LANs.

For any changes to this setting to take effect, restart the unit.
PRT2 PRP MCST ADDR — This setting allows the user to change the multicast address used by the PRP supervision frames.
This setting is available if REDUNDANCY is set to PRP. All devices in the same PRP network need to have the same multicast
address. Choose an address that does not conflict with another multicast protocol.
5.3.4.5 Far-End Fault Indication (FEFI)

Since 100BASE-FX does not support Auto-Negotiation, a Far-End Fault Indication (FEFI) feature is included since UR 7 that
allows for detection of link failures.
The purpose of the Far-End Fault feature is to allow the stations on both ends of a pair of fibers to be informed when there
is a problem with one of the fibers. Without the Far-End Fault feature, it is impossible for a fiber interface to detect a
problem that affects only its transmit fiber.
When the Far-End Fault feature is supported, a loss of receive signal (link) causes the transmitter to generate a Far-End
Fault pattern in order to inform the device at the far end of the fiber pair that a fault has occurred.
When the local receiver again detects a signal, the local transmitter automatically returns to normal operation.
If a Far-End Fault pattern is received by a fiber interface that supports the Far-End Fault feature and it is enabled, it reacts
by dropping the link as if there were no signal at all.
If the receiving interface does not support the Far-End Fault feature or has it disabled, an incoming Far-End Fault pattern is
ignored.
It is strongly recommended to have switches used for substation automation that support the Far-End Fault feature,
especially when UR 7 redundancy Failover is selected for redundancy.
5.3.4.6 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
The D30 is provided with optional PRP capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of
5
ordering. See the Order Codes section in chapter 2 for details.
The Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) defines a redundancy protocol for high availability in substation automation
networks. It applies to networks based on Ethernet technology (ISO/IEC 8802-3) and is based on the second edition (July
2012) of IEC 62439-3, clause 4.
PRP is designed to provide seamless recovery in case of a single failure in the network, by using a combination of LAN
duplication and frame duplication. Identical frames are sent on two completely independent networks that connect source
and destination. Under normal circumstances both frames reach the destination and one of them is sent up the OSI stack
to the destination application, while the second one is discarded. If an error occurs in one of the networks and traffic is
prevented from flowing on that path, connectivity is provided through the other network to ensure continuous
communication. Take care when designing the two LANs, so that no single point of failure (such as a common power
supply) is encountered, as such scenarios can bring down both LANs simultaneously.
Figure 5-8: Example of parallel redundant network

PRP uses specialized nodes called doubly attached nodes (DANPs) for handling the duplicated frames. DANP devices have
an additional module, called a Link Redundancy Entity (LRE). LRE is responsible for duplicating frames and adding the
specific PRP trailer when sending the frames out on the LAN, as well as making decisions on received frames as to which
one is sent up the OSI stack to the application layer and which one is discarded. LRE is responsible for making PRP
transparent to the higher layers of the stack.
In addition, there is a second type of specialized device used in PRP networks, called RedBox, with the role of connecting
Single Attached Nodes (SANs) to a redundant network.
UR relays implement the DANP functionality. The RedBox functionality is not implemented.
The original standard IEC 62439-3 (2010) was amended to align PRP with the High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR)
protocol. To achieve this, the original PRP was modified at the cost of losing compatibility with the PRP 2010 version. The
revised standard IEC 62439-3 (2012) is commonly referred to as PRP-1, while the original standard is PRP-0. The UR relays
support PRP-1.
The relay implements PRP on two of its Ethernet ports, specifically Ports 2 and 3 of the CPU module. Use the previous
section (network port configuration) to configure PRP.
PRP is purchased as a separate option. If purchased (valid order code), PRP can be enabled in configuration through a
setting available on the network configuration menu, REDUNDANCY, which already has the capability of enabling failover
redundancy. The options on this setting must be changed to accommodate two types of redundancy: failover and PRP.
When REDUNDANCY is set to either failover or PRP, the ports dedicated for PRP (Ports 2 and 3) operate in redundant mode.
In this mode, Port 3 uses the MAC, IP address, and mask of Port 2.
5.3.4.7 IPv4 route table

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IPv4 ROUTE TABLE 1(6)
5  IPv4 ROUTE TABLE

   DEFAULT IPv4 ROUTE

 IPv4 NETWORK
  ROUTE 1

 IPv4 NETWORK
  ROUTE 6
A default route and up to six static routes can be configured.

The default route is used as the last choice when no other route towards a given destination is found.
 DEFAULT IPv4 ROUTE GATEWAY ADDRESS: Range: standard IPV4 unicast address format
  127.0.0.1
 IPv4 NETWORK RT1 DESTINATION: Range: standard IPV4 address format

 ROUTE 1  127.0.0.1
RT1 NET MASK: Range: standard IPV4 subnet mask format

 255.0.0.0
RT1 GATEWAY: Range: standard IPV4 unicast address format

 127.0.0.1
Configure the network IP and subnet settings before configuring the routing settings.
Add and delete static routes

Host routes are not supported at present.
The routing table configuration is available on the serial port and front panel. This is a deliberate decision, to avoid loss of
connectivity when remotely configuring the D30.

By default, the value of the destination field is 127.0.0.1 for all static routes (1 to 6). This is equivalent to saying that the
static routes are not configured. When the destination address is 127.0.0.1, the mask and gateway also must be kept on
default values.
By default, the value of the route gateway address is 127.0.0.1. This means that the default route is not configured.
To add a route:
1. Use any of the static network route entries numbered 1 to 6 to configure a static network route. Once a route
destination is configured for any of the entries 1 to 6, that entry becomes a static route and it must meet all the rules
listed in the next section, General Conditions to be Satisfied by Static Routes.
2. To configure the default route, enter a default gateway address. Once a default gateway address is configured, it
must be validated against condition 2 of the General Conditions to be Satisfied by Static Routes, where the route
gateway must be on a connected network.
To delete a route:
1. Replace the route destination with the default loopback address of 127.0.0.1. When deleting a route, the mask and
gateway also must be brought back to default values.
2. Delete the default route by replacing the default gateway with the default value of 127.0.0.1.
General conditions to be satisfied by static routes

The following rules are validated internally:
• The route mask has IP mask format. In binary this needs to be a set of contiguous bits of 1 from left to right, followed
by one or more contiguous bits of 0.
• The route destination and mask must match. This can be verified by checking that
RtDestination and RtMask = RtDestination
Example of good configuration: RtDestination = 10.1.1.0; Rt Mask = 255.255.255.0 5
Example of bad configuration: RtDestination = 10.1.1.1; Rt Mask = 255.255.255.0
The following rules must be observed when you configure static routes:
• The route destination must not be a connected network
• The route gateway must be on a connected network. This rule applies to the gateway address of the default route as
well. This can be verified by checking that:
(RtGwy & Prt1Mask) == (Prt1IP & Prt1Mask) || (RtGwy & Prt2Mask) == (Prt2IP & Prt2Mask) || (RtGwy & Prt3Mask) == (Prt3IP
& Prt3Mask)
where
& is the bitwise-AND operator
== is the equality operator
|| is the logical OR operator
Routing behavior compared to previous releases

Prior to release 7.10, UR devices did not have an explicit manner of configuring routes. The only available route was the
default route configured as part of the network settings (port gateway IP address). This limited the ability to route to
specific destinations, particularly if these destinations were reachable through a different interface than the one on which
the default gateway was.
Starting with UR 7.10, up to six static network routes can be configured in addition to a default route. The default route
configuration was also moved from the network settings into the routing section.
The figure shows an example of topology that benefits from the addition of static routes.

Figure 5-9: Using static routes
In the figure, the UR connects through the following two Ethernet ports:
• Port 1 (IP address 10.1.1.2) connects the UR to LAN 10.1.1.0/24 and to the Internet through Router1. Router1 has an
interface on 10.1.1.0/24 and the IP address of this interface is 10.1.1.1.
• Port 2 (IP address 10.1.2.2) connects the UR to LAN 10.1.2.0/24 and to the EnerVista software through Router2. Router2
has an interface on 10.1.2.0/24 and the IP address of this interface is 10.1.2.1.
5 The configuration before release 7.10 was as follows:
• PRT1 IP ADDRESS = 10.1.1.2
PRT1 SUBNET IP MASK = 255.255.255.0
PRT1 GWY IP ADDRESS = 10.1.1.1
PRT2 IP ADDRESS = 10.1.2.2
The behavior before release 7.10 was as follows. When sending packets to EnerVista, the UR noticed that the destination
was not on a connected network and it tried to find a route to destination. Since the default route was the only route it
knew, it used it. Yet EnerVista was on a private network, which was not reachable through Router1. Hence a destination
unreachable message was received from the router.
The configuration starting with release 7.10 is as follows:
• PRT1 IP ADDRESS = 10.1.1.2
PRT2 IP ADDRESS = 10.1.2.2
IPV4 DEFAULT ROUTE: GATEWAY ADDRESS = 10.1.1.1
STATIC NETWORK ROUTE 1: RT1 DESTINATION = 10.1.3.0/24; RT1 NET MASK = 255.255.255.0; and RT1 GATEWAY =
10.1.2.1
The behavior since release 7.10 is as follows. There is one added static network route to the destination 10.1.3.0/24, where
a computer running EnerVista is located. This static route uses a different gateway (10.1.2.1) than the default route. This
gateway is the address of Router2, which has knowledge about 10.1.3.0 and is able to route packets coming from the UR
and destined to EnerVista.
Show routes and ARP tables

This feature is available on the Web interface, where the main menu contains an additional Communications menu and
two submenus:
• Routing Table
• ARP Table

The tables outline the information displayed when the two submenus are selected.
Table 5-7: Routing table information
Field Description
Destination The IP address of the remote network to which this route points
Mask The network mask for the destination
Gateway The IP address of the next router to the remote network
Interface Interface through which the specified network can be reached
Table 5-8: IP ARP information

Field Description
IP Address The network address that corresponds to Hardware Address
Age (min) Age, in minutes, of the cache entry. A hyphen (-) means the address is local.
Hardware Address LAN hardware address, a MAC address that corresponds to network address
Type Dynamic or Static
Interface Interface to which this address mapping has been assigned
5.3.4.8 Modbus protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  MODBUS PROTOCOL
 MODBUS PROTOCOL MODBUS SLAVE Range: 1 to 254 in steps of 1
  ADDRESS: 254
MODBUS TCP PORT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 NUMBER(502): 502 5
The serial communication ports utilize the Modbus protocol, unless the port is configured for DNP or IEC 60870-5-103
operation. This allows the EnerVista UR Setup software to be used on the port. UR devices operate as Modbus slave
devices only.
For more information on the protocol, including the memory map table, see the UR Family Communications Guide.
MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS — When using the Modbus protocol on the RS232 port, the D30 responds regardless of the
MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS programmed. For the RS485 port, each device on the serial bus must have a unique slave address
from 1 to 254. Address 0 and addresses from 248 and up are reserved by the Modbus protocol specification, and so their
use here is not recommended. Address 0 is the broadcast address to which all Modbus slave devices listen. Addresses do
not have to be sequential, but no two devices can have the same address or conflicts resulting in errors occur. Generally,
starting at 1, set each device added to the link to use the next higher address. When using Modbus TCP/IP, the client must
use the programmed MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS value in the Unit Identifier field.
MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER — Modbus over TCP/IP can also be used on any of the Ethernet ports. The listening TCP port 502
is reserved for Modbus communications, and only in exceptional cases when MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER is set to any other
port. The MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER setting sets the TCP port used by Modbus on Ethernet. A MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER of
0 disables Modbus over TCP/IP, meaning closes the Modbus TCP port. When the port number is changed to 0, the change
takes effect when the D30 is restarted. When it is set to 0, use the front panel or serial port to communicate with the relay.
Do not set more than one protocol to the same TCP/UDP port number, as this results in unreliable operation of
those protocols.
5.3.4.9 Protocol selection

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  PROTOCOL
 PROTOCOL SCADA PROTOCOL: Range: DNP 3.0, IEC 60870-5-104, IEC 60870-5-103
  DNP 3.0

MMS CONNECTION Range: 10 to 7200 in steps of 10

 TIMEOUT: 120 s
The PROTOCOL menu allows selection of one of the following protocols: DNP 3.0, IEC60870-104, or IEC60870-103.
SCADA PROTOCOL — This setting selects the SCADA protocol on which the unit communicates, among DNP3.0, IEC 60870-
104, and IEC 60870-103, with DNP being the default. Options depend on order code. For any change to take effect, restart
the unit.
MMS CONNECTION TIMEOUT — This setting specifies a time delay for the detection of network TCP connection lost. If there is
no data traffic on the TCP connection for greater than the time specified by this setting, the connection is aborted. This
frees up the connection to be re-used by a client. For any change to take effect, restart the unit.
The table shows which of DNP 3.0, IEC 60870-5-104, IEC 60870-5-103, and IEC 61850 protocols are operational on the
RS232, RS485, and Ethernet ports. It shows all possible combinations of the PROTOCOL and DNP CHANNEL 1(2) PORT settings.
Table 5-9: Port and protocol combinations
PROTOCOL DNP CHANNEL 1(2) PORT RS232 RS485 Ethernet
setting settings
DNP Channel 1: Eth TCP Modbus Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: Eth TCP
Channel 1: Eth TCP Modbus Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: none
Channel 1: none Modbus Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: Eth TCP
Channel 1: Eth UDP Modbus Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: none
Channel 1: Eth TCP Modbus DNP DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
5 Channel 2: RS485
Channel 1: Eth TCP DNP Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: RS232
Channel 1: Eth UDP Modbus DNP DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: RS485
Channel 1: Eth UDP DNP Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: RS232
Channel 1: RS485 Modbus DNP DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: Eth TCP
Channel 1: RS232 DNP Modbus DNP, Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: Eth TCP
Channel 1: RS485 DNP DNP Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: RS232
Channel 1: RS232 DNP DNP Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: RS485
Channel 1: RS485 Modbus DNP Modbus, IEC 61850
Channel 2: none
IEC 104 Modbus Modbus IEC 104, Modbus, IEC 61850
IEC 103 Modbus IEC 103 Modbus, IEC 61850
5.3.4.10 DNP protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  DNP PROTOCOL
 DNP PROTOCOL  DNP CHANNELS See below
  
DNP ADDRESS: Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 1
 DNP NETWORK See below

  CLIENT ADDRESSES

DNP TCP/UDP PORT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 NUMBER(20000): 20000
DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: Enabled, Disabled

 FUNCTION: Disabled
DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: 0 to 60 s in steps of 1

 TIMEOUT: 5 s
DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: 1 to 255 in steps of 1

 MAX RETRIES: 10
DNP UNSOL RESPONSE Range: 0 to 65519 in steps of 1

 DEST ADDRESS: 1
DNP CURRENT SCALE Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,
 FACTOR: 1 100000
DNP VOLTAGE SCALE Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,
 FACTOR: 1 100000
DNP POWER SCALE Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,
 FACTOR: 1 100000
DNP ENERGY SCALE Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,
 FACTOR: 1 100000
DNP PF SCALE Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,
 FACTOR: 1 100000
DNP OTHER SCALE Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1

 FACTOR: 1
 DNP CURRENT DEFAULT

DEADBAND: 30000
Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1 5
DNP VOLTAGE DEFAULT Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1
 DEADBAND: 30000
DNP POWER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1

 DEADBAND: 30000
DNP ENERGY DEFAULT Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1

 DEADBAND: 30000
DNP PF DEFAULT Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1

 DEADBAND: 30000
DNP OTHER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1

 DEADBAND: 30000
DNP TIME SYNC IIN Range: 1 to 10080 min. in steps of 1

 PERIOD: 1440 min
DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT Range: 30 to 2048 in steps of 1

 SIZE: 240
DNP OBJECT 1 Range: 1, 2

 DEFAULT VARIATION: 2
DNP OBJECT 2 Range: 1, 2, 3

DNP OBJECT 20 Range: 1, 2, 5, 6





DNP OBJECT 30 Range: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

DNP OBJECT 32 Range: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7

DNP NUMBER OF PAIRED Range: 0 to 32 in steps of 1

 CONTROL POINTS: 0
DNP TCP CONNECTION Range: 10 to 7200 s in steps of 1

 TIMEOUT: 120 s
DNP EVENT TIME BASE: Range: UTC, LOCAL

 LOCAL
The Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) allows for the optimization of control and data acquisition between the equipment
in the substation and the central control center. The protocol is scalable; that is, it is designed to be compatible with the
latest high speed LAN technology yet still be implemented over slower speed serial links.
The DNP improves upon many master-slave protocols by improving overall communication performance requirements
and provides time-stamping with millisecond accuracy.
The D30 supports the Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) version 3.0. DNP is enabled when the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP
 COMMUNICATIONS  PROTOCOL setting is set to DNP 3.0. The D30 can be used as a DNP slave device connected to
multiple DNP masters (usually an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the D30 maintains two sets of DNP data change
buffers and connection information, two DNP masters can actively communicate with the D30 at one time.
See the UR Family Communications Guide for more information on DNP.
5 The DNP Channels sub-menu is shown.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  DNP PROTOCOL  DNP CHANNELS
 DNP CHANNELS DNP CHANNEL 1 PORT: Range: NONE, COM1 - RS485, COM2 - RS485, FRONT
  NONE PANEL - RS232, NETWORK - TCP, NETWORK - UDP
DNP CHANNEL 2 PORT: Range: NONE, COM1 - RS485, COM2 - RS485, FRONT
 NONE PANEL - RS232, NETWORK - TCP
The DNP CHANNEL 1 PORT and DNP CHANNEL 2 PORT settings select the communications port assigned to the DNP protocol
for each channel. Once DNP is assigned to a serial port, DNP is the only protocol running on that port; Modbus or IEC
60870-5-103 are disabled. If DNP is assigned to RS485, the protocol must be set to DNP on the serial port configuration as
well, for the change to take effect. When the DNP CHANNEL 1(2) PORT setting is set to “Network - TCP,” the channel 1(2) DNP
protocol can be used over TCP/IP on the Ethernet ports. When this value is set to “Network - UDP,” the DNP protocol can be
used over UDP/IP on channel 1 only.
Changes to these port settings take effect when power has been cycled to the relay.
those protocols.
The DNP ADDRESS setting is the DNP slave address. This number identifies the D30 on a DNP communications link. Assign a
unique address to each DNP slave.
The D30 can specify a maximum of five clients for its DNP connections. These are IP addresses for the controllers to which
the D30 can connect. The settings follow.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  DNP PROTOCOL  DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESSES
 DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESS 1: Range: standard IP address
 CLIENT ADDRESSES  0.0.0.0


CLIENT ADDRESS 5: Range: standard IP address

 0.0.0.0
The DNP TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER setting is for normal DNP operation. To close the port, set the port number to 0. The change
takes effect when the D30 is restarted.
The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE FUNCTION is set to “Disabled” for RS485 applications since there is no collision avoidance
mechanism. The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE TIMEOUT sets the time the D30 waits for a DNP master to confirm an unsolicited
response. The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE MAX RETRIES setting determines the number of times the D30 retransmits an
unsolicited response without receiving confirmation from the master; a value of “255” allows infinite re-tries. The DNP
UNSOL RESPONSE DEST ADDRESS is the DNP address to which all unsolicited responses are sent. The IP address to which
solicited responses are sent is determined by the D30 from the current TCP connection or the most recent UDP message.
The DNP scale factor settings are numbers used to scale analog input point values. These settings group the D30 analog
input data into the following types: current, voltage, power, energy, power factor, and other. Each setting represents the
scale factor for all analog input points of that type. For example, if the DNP VOLTAGE SCALE FACTOR setting is set to “1000,”
all DNP analog input points that are voltages are returned with values 1000 times smaller (for example, a value of 72000 V
on the D30 is returned as 72). These settings are useful when analog input values must be adjusted to fit within certain
ranges in DNP masters. Note that a scale factor of 0.1 is equivalent to a multiplier of 10 (that is, the value is 10 times larger).
The DNP DEFAULT DEADBAND settings determine when to trigger unsolicited responses containing analog input data. These
settings group the D30 analog input data into the following types: current, voltage, power, energy, power factor, and other.
Each setting represents the default deadband value for all analog input points of that type. For example, to trigger
unsolicited responses from the D30 when any current values change by 15 A, the DNP CURRENT DEFAULT DEADBAND setting
is set to “15.” Note that these settings are the deadband default values. DNP object 34 points can be used to change
deadband values, from the default, for each individual DNP analog input point. Whenever power is removed and re-
applied to the D30, the default deadbands are in effect.
The D30 relay does not support energy metering. As such, the DNP ENERGY SCALE FACTOR and DNP ENERGY DEFAULT 5
DEADBAND settings are not applicable.
The DNP TIME SYNC IIN PERIOD setting determines how often the Need Time Internal Indication (IIN) bit is set by the D30.
Changing this time allows the DNP master to send time synchronization commands more or less often, as required.
The DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT SIZE setting determines the size, in bytes, at which message fragmentation occurs. Large
fragment sizes allow for more efficient throughput; smaller fragment sizes cause more application layer confirmations to
be necessary, which provides more robust data transfer over noisy communication channels.
Check the “DNP Points Lists” D30 web page to view the analog inputs and/or binary inputs points lists. This page
can be viewed with a web browser by entering the IP address of the D30 Ethernet port employed to access the D30
Main Menu, then by clicking the Device Information Menu item, then the DNP Points Lists item.
The DNP OBJECT 1 DEFAULT VARIATION to DNP OBJECT 32 DEFAULT VARIATION settings select the DNP default variation
number for object types 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, and 32. The default variation refers to the variation response when variation
0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. See the DNP Implementation section in the UR Family Communications
Guide.
The DNP binary outputs typically map one-to-one to IED data points. That is, each DNP binary output controls a single
physical or virtual control point in an IED. In the D30 relay, DNP binary outputs are mapped to virtual inputs. However, some
legacy DNP implementations use a mapping of one DNP binary output to two physical or virtual control points to support
the concept of trip/close (for circuit breakers) or raise/lower (for tap changers) using a single control point. That is, the DNP
master can operate a single point for both trip and close, or raise and lower, operations. The D30 can be configured to
support paired control points, with each paired control point operating two virtual inputs. The DNP NUMBER OF PAIRED
CONTROL POINTS setting allows configuration of 0 to 32 binary output paired controls. Points not configured as paired
operate on a one-to-one basis.
The DNP TCP CONNECTION TIMEOUT setting specifies a time delay for the detection of dead network TCP connections. If
there is no data traffic on a DNP TCP connection for greater than the time specified by this setting, the connection is
aborted by the D30. This frees up the connection to be re-used by a client. Any change takes effect after cycling power to
the relay.

5.3.4.11 DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  DNP / IEC104 POINT LISTS
 DNP / IEC104  BINARY INPUT / MSP See below
 POINT LISTS   POINTS
 ANALOG INPUT / MME See below

  POINTS
Up to 256 binary and up to 256 analog input points for the DNP protocol, or the MSP and MME points for IEC 60870-5-104
protocol, can be configured. The value for each point is user-programmable and can be configured by assigning FlexLogic
operands for binary inputs / MSP points or FlexAnalog parameters for analog inputs / MME points.
The menu for the binary input points (DNP) or MSP points (IEC 60870-5-104) follows.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  DNP / IEC104 POINT LISTS  BINARY INPUT / MSP POINTS
 BINARY INPUT / MSP Point: 0 Range: FlexLogic operand
 POINTS  Off
Point: 1 Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

Point: 255 Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
Up to 256 binary input points can be configured for the DNP or IEC 60870-5-104 protocols. The points are configured by
assigning an appropriate FlexLogic operand. See the Introduction to FlexLogic section in this chapter for the range of
assignable operands.
5 Changes to the DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists take effect when the D30 is restarted.
The menu for the analog input points (DNP) or MME points (IEC 60870-5-104) follows.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  DNP / IEC104 POINT LISTS  ANALOG INPUT / MME
POINTS
 ANALOG INPUT / MME Point: 0 Range: any FlexAnalog parameter
 POINTS  Off
Point: 1 Range: any FlexAnalog parameter

 Off

Point: 255 Range: any FlexAnalog parameter
 Off
Up to 256 analog input points can be configured for the DNP or IEC 60870-5-104 protocols. The analog point list is
configured by assigning an appropriate FlexAnalog parameter to each point. See the FlexAnalog Parameters section in
Appendix A for the range of assignable parameters.
Changes to the DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists take effect when the D30 is restarted.
The DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists always begin with point 0 and end at the first “Off” value. Since DNP / IEC
60870-5-104 point lists must be in one continuous block, any points assigned after the first “Off” point are ignored.
5.3.4.12 IEC 61850 protocol
The D30 is provided with optional IEC 61850 communications. This feature is specified as a software option at
the time of ordering. See the Order Codes section in chapter 2 for details.

The IEC 61850 settings are accessible in EnerVista software or a substation configuration language (SCL) generating tool.
The path is Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 or Settings > IEC 61850. The settings are not
accessible from the front panel of the device.
IEC 61850 messaging can form part of protection schemes. Consider IEC 61850 settings with the same criticality as
protection element settings. To ensure reliable performance of protection schemes utilizing IEC 61850 messaging,
route IEC 61850 traffic on a separate port from SCADA communications, or use redundant, independent ports, and
a high-speed network recovery method, such as PRP.
Overview
IEC 61850 is a series of international standards and technical reports applicable to power utility automation systems. It
includes semantics, abstract communication services, specific communication services, performance specifications,
network engineering guidelines, configuration description methodologies, and engineering processes. The standard
enables interoperability among intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) from different suppliers and interoperability among
software configuration tools from different suppliers. Interoperability in this case is the ability for IEDs to operate on the
same network or communication path sharing information and commands, and for configuration tools to understand
each other's configuration files.
The UR family supports a large subset of IEC 61850 features. These are detailed in the UR Family Communications Guide
and include the information model, GOOSE publish, GOOSE subscribe, buffered report server, unbuffered report server, and
Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) query, read, write, and control services. In addition, the URs and their
EnerVista UR Setup software support IEC 61850 Substation Configuration Language (SCL) file import/export and merging.
Whereas prior UR releases used edition 1.0 of IEC 61850, this release uses edition 2.0, with certain modifications according
to IEC/TR 61850-90-5. Only edition 2.0 61850 configuration tools can interoperate with edition 2.0 devices, such as the UR
7.3x release. This UR release uses edition 2.0 SCL, which differs from edition 1.0 SCL. GSSE, fixed GOOSE, and fixed report
services of previous releases are no longer supported, and thus UR devices of previous releases using these features have
to be converted to configurable GOOSE to communicate with a 7.3x or later device.
5
Many settings of UR protection, control, and monitoring elements, that is to say elements that are not concerned with the
IEC 61850 protocol, can nevertheless be accessed via IEC 61850. These settings are documented elsewhere in this Settings
chapter. This section of the Settings chapter deals solely with the settings that configure the IEC 61850 protocol itself.
The maximum number of simultaneous clients supported by the UR family is five.
EnerVista setup for IEC 61850

The EnerVista UR Setup software provides the interface to configure D30 settings for the IEC 61850 protocol. This section
describes this interface. The software also supports import/export and merging of IEC 61850 Substation Configuration
Language (SCL) files as documented in the UR Family Communications Guide.
The IEC 61850 protocol configuration settings cannot be accessed through the UR front panel and are instead accessible
with the EnerVista software, via MMS query, read, and write services, or via 61850 SCL file transfer. Accordingly, whereas
other settings are presented in this manual as they appear on the front panel, IEC 61850 settings are presented as they
appear in the software. See the UR Family Communications Guide for MMS and SCL access. Note that if you update the IEC
61850 settings in the EnerVista software by writing to them by MMS while the corresponding IEC 61850 panel is open in
EnerVista, you need to close then open the panel in EnerVista for the correct readings to display.
IEC 61850 protocol configuration settings are accessed through software panels that are selected either in the Online
Window area (see figure) or the Offline Window area in the EnerVista software.
The EnerVista software also includes an interface that is compatible with firmware versions 5.0 to 7.2 to configure
subscribers. Use the Simplified GOOSE Configurator in the Offline Window area.

Figure 5-10: IEC 61850 protocol panel in EnerVista software
The IEC 61850 window is divided into a navigation pane on the left and a settings panel on the right. You expand and click
an option on the left to display its panel on the right. The following figure shows an example for Server Configuration. The
SETTING column contains the names of the settings, and the PARAMETER column is used to enter the settings. Hovering
the mouse over a setting name displays a tool-tip showing the 61850 information model name of the setting or its location
5 in SCL files.
Figure 5-11: IEC 61850 panel
Opening the IEC 61850 window while online causes the UR Setup software to retrieve and import an SCL file from the D30.
This System Configuration Description (SCD) file contains all the settings in the UR at the time of the file request, both those
that are mapped into the IEC 61850 information model (that is, the "public" sections) and those that are not in the model
(that is, the "private" section). The UR EnerVista Setup software imports all of these settings into the current session, not just
those in the IEC 61850 window. To avoid loss of any unsaved setting changes made in other panels during the current
session, all other panels for the D30 must be closed before the IEC 61850 panel can be opened, and the software prompts
for this when applicable. Panels for other devices can be open concurrently to facilitate parameter coordination.

When CyberSentry security is enabled, editable settings depend on the user role logged in. For example, an Administrator
and Engineer can change settings. If prompted for a "Settings password," it means the Administrator or Engineer
password.
The Restore button restores settings in the window to their last saved values. The Default button reverts settings in the
window to factory default values or Oscillography, Data Logger, or FlexLogic Equation Editor pre-configured values. The
Reset button reverts all IEC 61850 settings to the factory default values, not just the current window. (In other settings
windows, the button reverts settings in the window to factory default values.)
When a setting is enabled, its panel continues to read Disabled until relaunched. There is no polling capability to update
automatically the IEC 61860 readings, so the panel needs to be closed then opened for the correct status to display. Good
practice is to close any panel not in use because changes being made by other users too are reflected only upon relaunch
of the panel.
Some of the IEC 61850 settings use floating point data, which guarantees accurate representation of real numbers up to
seven digits. Numbers with more than seven digits are approximated within a certain precision. This can result in
differences between what is entered and what is saved, and for example results in differences shown on a settings
comparison report.
Create CID and settings files

When the Save button is clicked in the online IEC 61850 window, UR Setup software prepares a configured IED description
(CID) file containing all the settings of the UR and sends the CID file to the D30. Upon receipt, the D30 checks the CID file for
correctness, going out of service, then back into service when the CID file is accepted. The software displays a message
when the D30 is running the new settings, confirming successful transfer. This process can take a minute or so due to the
amount of processing required by the software and the D30.
Certain settings not related to IEC 61850 are indicated in this instruction manual as taking effect only when the device is
restarted, for example using the Maintenance > Reboot Relay Command in the software.
When the Save button is clicked in the offline IEC 61850 window, UR Setup software saves to local storage, for example the
5
hard drive, a .urs file containing all settings of the UR.
View IID/CID files

The file types are described as follows:
• CID — Configured IED description file — Settings sent to the UR (may or may not contain the present settings)
IID and CID files are viewable. For example, after modifying settings in the IEC 61850 panels and clicking Developer IID/
CID Viewer in the software, a CID file generates and an SCL Viewer shows the updated CID file content. There are no edit
or save functions; use instead the Back Up and Restore Settings instructions later in this document to save the files.
Searches are case insensitive.

Figure 5-12: View CID settings file
Server configuration
The Server Configuration panel contains IEC 61850 settings relevant to the server functions of the IED implementation.
The path is Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Server Configuration.
The following settings are available, where <iedName> is a syntactic variable representing the present value of the IED
NAME setting.
5 IED NAME
Range: 1 to 58 VisibleString characters
Default: TEMPLATE
The value entered sets the IED name used by IEC 61850 for the D30. An IED name unique within the network must be
entered for proper operation. Valid characters are upper and lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character.
The first character must be a letter.
The IED NAME and the Product LD inst name comprise the <LDName> for a product. The longest LD inst are "Master"
and "System" at six characters, with Master being fixed and the others configurable with the configurable Logical device
feature. So the IED NAME needs to be restricted to 58 characters to meet a 64 character limit.
Location
Range: 0 to 255 ASCII characters
Default: Location
The value entered sets the value of the data attribute <LDName>/LPHD1.PhyNam.location. This data attribute is
provided by the protocol to allow the user to declare where the equipment is installed.
Latitude
Range: -90.000 to 90.000 degrees in steps of 0.001 degree
Default: 0.000 deg
The value entered sets the value of the data attribute <LDName>/LPHD1.PhyNam.latitude. This data attribute is provided
by the protocol to declare the geographical position of the device in WGS84 coordinates -latitude. Negative values
indicate a southern latitude. WGS refers to the world geodetic system, which is used in global positioning systems (GPS),
and 84 is the current version of the standard.
Longitude
Range: -180.000 to 180.000 degrees in steps of 0.001 degree
Default: 0.000 deg
The value entered sets the value of the data attribute <LDName>/LPHD1.PhyNam.longitude. This data attribute is
provided by the protocol to declare the geographical position of the device in WGS84 coordinates -longitude. Negative
values indicate a western longitude.

Altitude
Range: 0 to 10,0000 m in steps of 1 m
Default: 0 m
The value entered sets the value of the data attribute <LDName>/LPHD1.PhyNam.altitude. This data attribute is provided
by the protocol to declare the geographical position of the device in WGS84 coordinates - altitude.
Prefix for GGIO1
Default:
This setting sets the LN Prefix of the FlexLogic operand interface logical node GGIO1 that is described in the GGIO1
section later. Valid characters are upper and lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character. The first
character must be a letter. UR Setup software does not allow entry of a prefix that duplicates any other GGIO1 prefix
that is used by the product, such as ConIn and ConOut.
Prefix for GGIO2
Default:
This setting sets the LN Prefix of the Virtual Inputs Interface logical node GGIO2 that is described in the GGIO2 section
later. Valid characters are upper and lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character. The first character must
be a letter. UR Setup software does not allow entry of a prefix that duplicates any other GGIO2 prefix that is used by the
product.
Prefix for GGIO4
Default:
This setting sets the LN Prefix of the FlexAnalog operand interface logical node GGIO4 that is described in the GGIO4
section later. Valid characters are upper and lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character. The first 5
character must be a letter. UR Setup software does not allow entry of a prefix that duplicates any other GGIO4 prefix
that is used by the product.
LLN0.Mod.ctlModel
Range: status-only, direct-with-normal-security, sbo-with-normal-security
Default: sbo-with-normal-security
This setting specifies the control service that clients must use to control the TEST MODE FUNCTION of the D30. An "on"
control to <LDName>/LLN0.Mod changes TEST MODE FUNCTION to Disabled, an "on-blocked" control changes it to
Forcible, and a "test/blocked" changes it to Isolated.
Configuration Type
Range: G2, E3-2.0
Default: G2
This setting is read only. It specifies the method used to describe GOOSE subscription configuration in SCL. See the UR
Family Communications Guide for details. In the G2 mode, the CID file contains IED elements for IEDs subscribed to by
this IED containing GOOSE subscription information. In the E3 2.0 mode, the CID file has only one IED element and
GOOSE subscription information is coded in data objects in the standard LGOS logical node used to monitor reception of
the subscribed GOOSE. UR 7.30 or later accepts either mode. The set value is for the entire EnerVista installation and is
preserved between sessions. To change this global field, click File > Preferences and access the IEC 61850 panel; you do
not need to be connected to the device.
Logical devices
The Logical Devices panel contains IEC 61850 settings relevant to the configurable logical devices feature, wherein logical
device naming can be reconfigured and logical nodes re-assigned.
The path is Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Logical Devices.

Figure 5-13: Default IEC 61850 Logical Devices panel with devices middle and nodes right
To configure logical devices and nodes:

1. Right-click an entry and edit an existing device, add a new one, or move a logical node. The rest of this section
explains the window and how to perform these actions.
The default logical device categories are as follows:

• Master — Communications, including GOOSE, reports, Remote I/O, Virtual Inputs, Modbus, DNP, and setting group
control
5 • System — Power system devices: breakers, switches, CTs, VTs, and so on, including interfaces to these, such as AC
inputs, contact I/O, transducer I/O, HardFiber I/O
• Prot — Protection and protection-related functions
• Ctrl — Control and monitoring functions
• Meter — Metering and measurement functions
• Gen — FlexLogic, Virtual Outputs, non-volatile latches, FlexElements, recording (for example oscillography), security,
front panel, clock
For the Master logical device, the following logical nodes have fixed assignment:
• The LLN0 in the Master logical device, which includes setting group, GOOSE and report control blocks, and datasets
• LPHD1 — Models common issues for physical devices
• GGIO1 — For unmapped FlexLogic operands
• GGIO2 — For Virtual Input control
• GGIO3 — For RxGOOSE Inputs
• GGIO4 — For unmapped FlexAnalog operands
• LGOS logical nodes — For GOOSE subscription
The Logical Devices panel has middle and right panes. The middle pane has a list of the instantiated logical devices in the
sequence that they appear in SCL, with one device selected. The right pane has a list of the logical nodes presently
assigned to the selected logical device in lexicographic order by logical node name.
In the middle pane logical devices are shown with their product-related name, followed in brackets by their function-
related ldName, and followed by the value of their confRev. In the following example, by right-clicking and editing, the
Protection logical device has been set to instance name "Prot", the function-related name "Feeder1Prot" and the
configuration revision "2016-03-07 08:46." The text is clipped on the right if the line is longer than the available width. The
next paragraphs explain how to do this setup.

Figure 5-14: Protection logical node selected
Right-clicking a logical device displays the menu that allows insertion of a new logical device immediately below the
selected one, deletion of the selected logical device, or editing the selected logical device's parameters. The insert option is
disabled and grayed-out if there are already 16 logical devices instantiated. The delete option is disabled and grayed-out if
the selected logical device is Master or it contains any logical nodes other than LLN0.
Figure 5-15: Menu for logical node
If the insert option is selected, or the edit option is selected for other than the Master logical device, a logical device
parameters edit dialog opens.

Figure 5-16: Insert new logical node
If the edit option is selected for the Master logical device, the Product LD inst name setting is not editable.
Figure 5-17: Edit logical node
When the Ok button is clicked, the entered values for Product LD inst name and Functional ldName are checked for
uniqueness within the UR, and they are updated in the pane.
The settings are explained as follows, where <iedName> is a syntactic variable representing the present value of the IED
NAME setting. When adding or editing a logical device entry, these are the fields that need to be completed.
Customized logical nodes are not saved in the URS file.
Product LD inst name

Default: as per the following table
Each logical device has this setting. The value is fixed at "Master" in the first logical device and configurable in all others.
Valid characters are upper and lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character. The entered value sets the
logical device inst name. Each logical device inst name is required to be unique within the device, and it cannot be blank.
Also, if the corresponding functional ldName setting is blank, the concatenation of the IED name and the logical device

inst name must form an LDName that is unique within the network for proper operation. It is recommended that the
length of the IED NAME plus the length of this setting be not greater than 64 to respect the requirements of IEC 61850 7
2:2010 22.2 for LDName.
The factory default configuration is for six logical devices with Product LD inst name settings and logical node
assignments as per the following table.
Table 5-10: Factory default logical nodes
Default logical Contains logical nodes modeling...
device inst name
Master communications, including GOOSE, reports, Remote I/O, Virtual Inputs, Modbus, DNP, and so on.
(root logical device; Setting group control.
name is fixed) This is the root logical device.
To comply with IEC 61850 7 1 Ed2 clause 6.4.5.1, all group L logical nodes (logical nodes with class names
begin with "L"), except LLN0, belonging to this IED are in this logical device.
Protection (Prot) protection functions
Control (Ctrl) control and monitoring functions
System power system devices: breakers, switches, CTs, VTs, and so on, including interface to these such as AC inputs,
contact I/O, transducer I/O, HardFiber I/O
Metering (Meter) metering and measurement, including Signal Sources
General (Gen) FlexLogic, virtual outputs, non-volatile latches, FlexElements, FlexMath, recording (for example oscillography),
security, front panel, clock
Functional ldName
Default: empty string
Each logical device has this setting. The value is configurable in all logical devices. Valid characters are upper and
lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character. If the number of characters entered is greater than zero, the
5
setting sets the value of the function-related name used in communications. If an ldName is entered, it must form an
LDName that is unique within the network for proper operation. The standard recommends choosing this name
according to IEC 81346-1. If the number of characters entered is zero, no function-related name is defined.
Throughout the remainder of this IEC 61850 section, <LDName> is a syntactic variable representing the present
LDName of the master logical device. In other contexts LDName can refer to some other logical device. Depending
on its context, <LDName> can be a product-related name or a function-related name.
configRev
Range: 0 to 255 ASCII characters
Default:
This data attribute is provided by the protocol to declare changes to the semantic of the data model of the UR. The intent
is that the user changes Master configRev each time that the semantic or data model changes, so that clients can
readily detect the change. A semantic change is a logical node getting a new semantic use; for example, an instance of
logical node CSWI is now serving a different physical switch, or an instance of a logical node PDIS is now used for
another zone. A data model change is a change in the presence of logical nodes, data objects, data attributes, or
instance names.
The scope of Maser configRev is the entire relay configuration, as the Master logical device is the root logical device.
Similar settings are provided for the other logical nodes; the scope of these other configRev settings is limited to the
corresponding logical device configuration.
paramRev
Range: -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
Default: 0
The configurable data attribute paramRev has a scope that includes the entire device, and thus is modified whenever
any setting in the device changes. The UR increments the value of paramRev by one whenever one or multiple setting
changes occurs in one Modbus write request by any means (front panel, Modbus, or MMS) other than by SCL file

download. Incrementing occurs whether or not the setting is represented in the information model. When a UR device or
EnerVista UR Setup accepts an SCL file, paramRev is set to the value in that SCL file. When EnerVista UR Setup changes
one or more settings, and prepares an SCL file, it increments paramRev to the next higher multiple of 10 000.
Each logical device has a name: LDName. (Note the upper case LD.) LDName has both a product-related form and
a function-related form as per IEC 61850 6:2009 8.5.3.
SCL files invariably use the product-related form of LDName. The product-related form is the concatenation of the
IED name of the device and the individual logical device's inst name. The IED name is the value of the "IED NAME"
setting on the Server Configuration panel, and the logical device inst names are each the value of the
corresponding "Product LD inst name" setting here. The "Product LD inst name" of the first logical device is fixed at
"Master".
Communications use the function-related form of LDName if a function-related name is defined, otherwise
communications use the product-related name. The function-related name is the value of the corresponding
"Functional ldName" setting if this setting is not empty, if empty the function-related name is not defined.
In SCL, the function-related name is specified by the LDevice element attribute ldName (note the lower case ld).
Absence of this attribute indicates the function-related name is not defined. In SCL the product-related name is
specified by the name attribute of the IED element and the inst attribute of the LDevice element.
In the right pane, logical nodes assigned permanently to the Master logical device and LLN0 in all logical devices are
greyed-out as shown earlier. These are not movable. Any other logical node can be dragged to any of the logical devices in
the middle pane, which causes that logical device to be re-assigned to that logical device. Right-clicking a logical node
device displays a menu that lists the logical devices that this logical node can be moved to. Clicking one of these re-assigns
the logical node. Other common keyboard and/or mouse action can be used to select one or more logical nodes and move
the selected nodes together.
5 Figure 5-18: Move logical node
GOOSE
The path is Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GOOSE.
Support for Routable GOOSE

Routable GOOSE (R-GOOSE) is supported in firmware release 7.4 and later. Routable GOOSE allows UR and other devices to
be located in separate networks. Encryption/decryption of messages is performed by a separate gateway device.
Messages are routed using a separate router, using IP addresses.
Note the following behavior:

• A v7.4 device can send an R-GOOSE message to another v7.4 device when both have R-GOOSE active as the protocol
• A v7.4 device can send a GOOSE message to another v7.4 device when both have GOOSE active as the protocol
• A v7.4 device cannot send an R-GOOSE message to non-R-GOOSE devices, such as v7.3 or v5.9 UR device
• UR devices with firmware below v7.3 can send a GOOSE message to a v7.4 device that has GOOSE as the active
protocol
R-GOOSE is available through the IEC 61850 software option. If R-GOOSE security is required, the CyberSentry
software option also must be purchased.
TxGOOSE
IEC 61850 GOOSE is an efficient method for simultaneous high-speed delivery of generic substation event information by a
publishing device to more than one subscribing device. A TxGOOSE is a UR element implementing a single IEC 61850
GOOSE message publishing service. The subscribing function in URs is performed by RxGOOSE elements, as described in
the next section. Each UR with IEC 61850 order code options has 16 TxGOOSE elements. Each TxGOOSE can either use the
original format specified in IEC 61850 8 1:2011 or the routable GOOSE (R-GOOSE) format specified in IEC TR 61850-90-
5:2012. Each TxGOOSE element can publish the values of up to 64 attributes of the IEC 61850 nodes in the UR.
Published TxGOOSE messages configured in the EnerVista UR Setup software can be subscribed by and the published
operand values understood by other UR devices. Furthermore, they can be subscribed to and understood by any device of
any manufacturer that implements the IEC 61850 edition 1.0 or 2.0 GOOSE subscription mechanism. The messages are
published with a multicast address so that the network sends the messages to all devices; any number of devices that
want to subscribe can.
For wide area protection, control, and monitoring schemes, R-GOOSE wraps the proven original format GOOSE in IP/UDP to
multicast (or unicast) the data over a Wide Area Network (WAN). Sample applications are Wide area Remedial Action
5
Scheme (RAS) and Under Voltage/ Frequency Load Shedding Schemes (UVLS/UFLS). R GOOSE uses IGMPv3 (Internet Group
Management Protocol version-3, RFC 3376) for multicasting.
The entities whose values are published in GOOSE messages are known as members. The members are itemized in an
ordered list known as a data set. Each TxGOOSE can use any one of the configured data sets. (See the DataSets section
later for details.) The performance of a TxGOOSE is determined by its dataset. Booleans in fast GOOSE datasets are
designed for the TT6 transfer time class (3 ms), while Booleans in the Normal datasets are designed for the TT3 class (100
ms). Due to the significant amount of CPU time required to compose a TT6 TxGOOSE message and the limited amount of
time allowed by the TT6 class, at most four of these can be configured in a given UR. So only four fast GOOSE are allowed
to be configured, and the UR software has a check to disallow the use of more than four fast datasets in GOOSE. If six fast
datasets are configured outside of UR software and the file sent directly to the relay, the relay rejects the file. The design
does allow six fast datasets to be used in report control blocks, which allows fast scanned data in reports.
Each enabled TxGOOSE transmits its message whenever a value change is detected in one or more of its members. If the
changed value is a Boolean in a fast dataset, then the change detect occurs in the TT6 detection time of 3 ms or less. If the
member is an analog value in a fast dataset, the change detect occurs in theTT3 time of 100 ms. In Normal GOOSE
Datasets, change detection for all dataset members occurs in the TT3 time of 100 ms. To guard against the possibility that
such a message is lost in the network before it reaches all subscribers, the message is quickly retransmitted several times.
To allow subscribers to verify that their link to the publisher and the publisher itself are healthy, each message is also
retransmitted periodically even while the values are unchanging. These latter messages are known as heartbeat
messages, while the former are known as event messages. Heartbeat messages also provide means for a subscriber
newly online to receive the published values in the absence of an event.
The details of TxGOOSE message construction are contained in the UR Family Communications Guide. Knowledge of these
details is not required to configure GOOSE.
The UR does not implement the Fixed-Length encoded GOOSE messages option specified in IEC 61850-8-1:2011 clause
A.3; the UR always uses the ASN.1 Basic encoding rules (as specified in ISO/IEC 8825-1) as specified in IEC 61850 edition 1.0
and as optional in IEC 61850 edition 2.0.

Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GOOSE > TxGOOSE > TxGOOSE1 to access the
settings for the first TxGOOSE. The settings and functionality for the others are similar.
Figure 5-19: IEC 61850 TxGOOSE panel
A data set needs to be set up and selected in the TxGOOSEx DatSet field for all content to display.
When saving changes, when a "dataset member is empty" message displays, you need to set the member in the bottom
right of the window.
TxGOOSE1 MODE
Range: Disabled, GOOSE, R-GOOSE
Default: Disabled
When set to Disabled, TxGOOSE1 messages are not published. When set to GOOSE, TxGOOSE1 messages are published
in IEC 61850 8 1:2011 GOOSE format. When set to R-GOOSE, TxGOOSE1 messages are published in Routable GOOSE
format according to IEC 61850 90-5, and the TxGOOSE1 DST MAC address is set to 00 00 00 00 00 00 and cannot be
changed.
TxGOOSE1 GoCB name
Range: 0 up to 32 VisibleString characters
Default: GoCB01
The entered value sets the GOOSE control block (GoCB) name value for TxGOOSE1.
An ObjectReference to the control block, which consists of the concatenation of the string "<LDName>/LLN0." and the
control block name, is published in the gocbRef field of TxGOOSE1 messages and is used by subscribers to discriminate
TxGOOSE1 messages from other GOOSE messages. <LDName> is a syntactic variable that is set to the value of setting
Master functional ldName if one or more characters have been entered to that setting, otherwise the value of setting IED
NAME suffixed with "Master".

TxGOOSE1 GoID
Default: TxGOOSE1
The entered value sets the goID value published in TxGOOSE1 messages, and can be used by subscribers to discriminate
the TxGOOSE1 messages from other GOOSE messages.
TxGOOSE1 DatSet
Range: None, TT6DataSet1,TT6 DataSet2, … TT3DataSet01,TT3 DataSet02, …
Default: None
This setting selects the published data set using the UR Setup software designator for the data set. If None is selected,
no TxGOOSE1 messages are sent.
The IEC 61850 name of the data sets are configured in the Datasets panel, as described later.
Some datasets are designed for the TT6 transfer time class (3 ms), while others are designed for the TT3 class (100 ms).
The performance of a TxGOOSE is determined by its dataset. Use TT6 datasets for trips and blocking applications, TT3
datasets for slow automatic interactions. The 61850 name of the datasets are configured in the Datasets panel.
An ObjectReference to the data set, which consists of the concatenation of the string "<LDName>/LLN0." and the data
set name, is published in the datSet field of TxGOOSE1 messages and can be used by subscribers to discriminate
TxGOOSE1 messages from other GOOSE messages. <LDName> is a syntactic variable that is set to the value of setting
Master functional ldName if one or more characters have been entered to that setting, otherwise the value of setting IED
NAME suffixed with "Master".
To configure a DataSet, select it at the top of the window from the drop-down list. In the lower part of the window, drag
and drop configuration items to the right side. Dataset members configured here affect other Report or TxGOOSE
control blocks that use the same DataSet.
The performance of the TxGOOSE is determined by the performance of the selected dataset. When the selection is
TT3DataSet01, TT3DataSet02, … it is possible that transient events can be missed. 5
TxGOOSE1 DST MAC
Range: any 12 digit hexadecimal number
Default: 01-0C-CD-01-00-00
When the TxGOOSE1 MODE setting is R-GOOSE, the TxGOOSE1 DST MAC address is set to 00 00 00 00 00 00 and cannot be
changed. Otherwise, the value entered here sets the Ethernet destination Media Access Control (MAC) address in
published TxGOOSE1 messages. As the standard requires that the address have the multicast bit set TRUE, that is to say
the second digit is set to an odd number, messages transmitted have the multicast bit set TRUE no matter its value in
this setting.
The destination MAC address can be used by the network to restrict message delivery to selected devices that need to
receive them, reducing network load. This address also can be used by hardware in receiving devices to filter out
messages that are of no interest to them, reducing processor burden. Different filtering algorithms are implemented by
different devices. The standard recommends that the algorithm used by hardware of the receiving device be considered
when assigning destination multicast addresses.
Subscribers can use this address to discriminate TxGOOSE1 messages from other GOOSE messages.
TxGOOSE1 VLAN PRIORITY
Range: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 5-4, 6-4, 6-5, 7-4, 7-5, 7-6
Default: 4
When the value entered is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, the User Priority value in the IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tag included in published
TxGOOSE1 messages is set to that value. When one of the two-digit values is entered, the dynamic priority feature is
selected: the first event message has the User Priority value of the first digit, and User Priority is decremented in each
following message until reaching the value of the second digit. For instance, if the selected value is 7-5, then the User
Priority values in successive messages beginning with the message triggered by an event is 7, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, and so on.
Do not make a dynamic priority selection when standard behavior is required.
Network devices can forward a message with a higher priority value before a message with a lower priority value, which
speeds delivery of high-priority messages in heavily loaded networks. The standard recommends that higher-priority
messages, such as GOOSE, have priority values in the range of 4 to 7.

TxGOOSE1 VLAN ID
Range: 0 to 4095 in steps of 1
Default: 0
The value entered sets the VID value in the IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tag included in published TxGOOSE1 messages. VID can be
used by network devices to direct messages to only selected devices, reducing network burden. VID values of 0 and 1
are assigned by IEEE 802.1Q to other functions and are not to be used for GOOSE.
TxGOOSE1 ETYPE APPID
Default: 0
The value entered sets the APPID value in published GOOSE messages and can be used by subscribers to discriminate
TxGOOSE1 messages from other GOOSE messages.
The standard reserves the value range 0 to 16383 for GOOSE Type 1 (Fast messages), and reserves the value range
32768 to 41151 for GOOSE Type 1A (Trip messages). Some subscribers can process messages in the Type 1A range
faster than messages in the Type 1 range. The standard reserves the default value (0) to indicate lack of configuration.
The standard strongly recommends unique, source-orientated APPIDs within a given system.
TxGOOSE1 CONFREV
Default: 1
The entered value sets the confRev value in published GOOSE messages and can be used by subscribers to discriminate
TxGOOSE messages of the expected configuration revision from messages of a different revision. The standard requires
that CONFREV be incremented each time the members or the order of the members published is changed. The standard
states that the value of 0 is reserved.
5 TxGOOSE1 RETRANS TIME

Range: 0 to 100 ms in steps of 1 ms
Default: 4 ms
If the entered time is non-zero, when a member value change is detected, four event transmissions are sent, then
heartbeat transmissions resume. The interval between the first and second event transmissions, and between the
second and third, is the time set here. The interval between the third and the fourth event transmission is double the set
time. If the entered time is zero, only a single event transmission occurs, then heartbeat transmissions resume.
TxGOOSE1 TIME TO LIVE
Range: 1 to 300 s in steps of 1 s
Default: 300 s
The value entered sets the timeAllowedtoLive value in published TxGOOSE1 messages. The standard requires
subscribers to assume a failure has occurred when another TxGOOSE1 message is not received within the published
timeAllowedtoLive time.
Base this setting on the TxGOOSE UPDATE TIME and the tolerable number of contiguous message delivery misses. For
example, if the heartbeat time is 10 s, and missing up to three successive messages is tolerable, make the setting
10 * 3 + 1 = 31 s. The extra second is to ensure that arrival of the third heartbeat transmission beats the
timeAllowedtoLive timer.
TxGOOSE1 UPDATE TIME
Default: 60 s
This setting specifies the time interval between heartbeat messages, meaning messages that are sent periodically while
no events are detected.

TxGOOSE1 PORT ASSIGNMENT

Range: Disabled, Port-1; Port-2; Port-3; Ports-1,2; Ports-2,3; Ports-1,3; Ports-1,2,3
Default: Ports-1, 2, 3
This setting specifies the Ethernet ports for transmission of TxGOOSE1. When set to disabled, TxGOOSE1 messages are
not transmitted on any port no matter the state of GoEna. When set to Port-1, TxGOOSE1 is published over Ethernet
Port-1 only; while selecting Ports-1, 3 option, the same TxGOOSE1 is published to both Ports 1 and 3; and similarly if set
to Ports-1, 2, 3, all ports publish TxGOOSE1.
When setting PRT2 REDUNDANCY to Failover or to PRP, the TxGOOSE 1 port assignment needs to be set to ports 2
and 3 (Ports-2,3).
Also, Port 3 configuration in the CID file is ignored. The Port 3 ConnectedAP elements has no meaning, as ports 2
and 3 use the port 2 MAC address, IP address, and mask.
R-TxGOOSE1 IP CLASS
Default: 46
When the TxGOOSE1 MODE setting is other than R-GOOSE, the value of this setting is not used. Otherwise this setting
selects the IPv4 Differentiated Services Code Point-DSCP (formerly called TypeOfService-TOS) value. This value provides
priority routing, when supported in the routers. The default value is for Expedited Forwarding (101110B, 46 or 2EH).
R-TxGOOSE1 DST IP
Range: 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255 in steps of 1
Default: 224.0.0.0
When the TxGOOSE1 MODE setting is other than R-GOOSE, the value of this setting is not used. Otherwise this setting
specifies destination IP address for the R-TXGOOSE1 that is entered in Standard IPV4 address format. The destination IP
address needs to be a valid multicast or unicast IP address. The value specified in this setting is mapped to IPv4 header 5
32 bit field for Destination IP Address while publishing R-GOOSE1.
The default IP address 224.0.0.0 is reserved, and hence not a valid multicast IP address.
The source IP address is that of the UR port from which the R-GOOSE messages are transmitted.
R-TxGOOSE1 SECURITY
Range: None, Signature, SignatureAndEncryption
Default: None
This setting is not supported. The default is None. Do not change the default.
RxGOOSE
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GOOSE > RxGOOSE > RxGOOSE Messages.
IEC 61850, GOOSE is an efficient method for simultaneous high-speed delivery of the same generic substation event
information by a publishing device to more than one subscribing device. An RxGOOSE is a UR element implementing a
single IEC 61850 GOOSE message subscribing service. The publishing function in URs is performed by TxGOOSE elements,
as described in the previous section.
Each UR with the IEC 61850 order code option has 64 RxGOOSE elements. Each RxGOOSE element can subscribe to GOOSE
messages from a specified publisher. Each RxGOOSE can either use the original format specified in IEC 61850 8 1:2011 or
the routable GOOSE (R-GOOSE) format specified in IEC TR 61850-90-5:2012. Subscribed message members can be
DataObjects, SubDataObjects, DataAttributes or SubAttributes. In E2-2.0 mode members are restricted to basic types
BOOLEAN, FLOAT32, INT32, Dbpos, TimeStamp or Quality. Each subscribed message can contain up to 64 values. A
member can be a structure containing several values; note that it is the number of values rather than the number of
members that are limited to 64.
GOOSE messages from any device of any manufacturer that implements the IEC 61850 edition 1.0 or 2.0 GOOSE publish
service or the 61850-90-5 R GOOSE service can be subscribed to. The UR accepts both the variable length encoded GOOSE
messages specified IEC 61850 8 1:2004 and the Fixed-Length encoded GOOSE messages as specified in IEC 61850 8
1:2011 clause A.3.

Each enabled RxGOOSE monitors for interruption of the GOOSE messages it subscribes to based on the value in the
timeAllowedtoLive field of the last message received. If a new message is not received within that time interval, the
RxGOOSE assumes that connectivity is lost. FlexLogic operands (for example RxGOOSE1 On, RxGOOSE1 Off) reflect the
status of each RxGOOSE connectivity. An RxGOOSE connection is also considered lost after the UR finishes restart until a
message is received. While any RxGOOSE connectivity is lost, a common RxGOOSE Fail self-test is activated.
Messages that contain the value true in the ndsCom field are never accepted. Messages that contain the value true in the
simulation field (test field in edition 1.0 messages) are accepted only when the UR Test Mode Function setting is set to
Forcible or Isolated.
RxGOOSE messages can be received through any UR Ethernet port.
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GOOSE > RxGOOSE > RxGOOSE Messages >
RxGOOSE1 to access the settings that specify the messages to be accepted by the first RxGOOSE element. The settings
and functionality for the other RxGOOSE are similar. The following settings are available. They allow RxGOOSE1 to
recognize the GOOSE messages it is to accept. Most of these settings are automatically configured by UR Setup software
when an association to an RxGOOSE Boolean Input, RxGOOSE DPS Input, and/or RxGOOSE Analog Input is made as
described in the sections following this. Only settings R-RxGOOSE1 RECEPTION MODE, R-RxGOOSE1 SECURITY, and R-
RxGOOSE SRC IP need to be manually completed as the information is not contained in publisher SCL.
Figure 5-20: IEC 61850 RxGOOSE Messages panel
RxGOOSE1 MODE
Range: GOOSE, R-GOOSE
Default: GOOSE
When set to GOOSE, TxGOOSE1 messages are published in IEC 61850 8 1:2011 GOOSE format. When set to R-GOOSE,
TxGOOSE1 messages are published in Routable GOOSE format according to IEC 61850 90-5. When set to R-GOOSE, the
R-RxGOOSE DST IP needs to be a valid multicast or unicast IP address.
RxGOOSE1 goID
Range: 0 to 129 Visible String characters
If the entered value has one or more characters, the goID field of incoming GOOSE messages must exactly match this
value for the message to be accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. If the entered value is the empty string, RxGOOSE1
does not check the value received in the goID field.
If the publisher is a UR 7.3x series device, this setting needs match the value of the publisher's TxGOOSE GoID setting.

RxGOOSE1 Dst MAC

Range: any 12 digit hexadecimal number
Default: 01-0C-CD-01-00-00
When the RxGOOSE1 MODE setting is R-GOOSE, the value of this setting is not used, the destination Media Access
Control (MAC) address for RxGOOSE1 messages is calculated based on the RxGOOSE DST IP address. Otherwise, set this
setting to the MAC address of the publisher. Only received GOOSE messages having a MAC address equal to this value
are accepted as valid RxGOOSE1 messages. An entered address of zero disables RxGOOSE1.
If the publisher is a UR series 7.3x device, the setting needs to match the value of the publisher’s TxGOOSE DST MAC
setting.
RxGOOSE1 ETYPE APPID
Default: 0
If the value entered is non-zero, the APPID field of incoming GOOSE messages must exactly match this value for the
message to be accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. If the value entered is zero, RxGOOSE1 does not check the value
received in the APPID field.
If the publisher is a UR series 7.3x device, the setting needs to match the value of the publisher’s TxGOOSE ETYPE APPID
setting.
RxGOOSE1 GoCBRef
Range: 0 to 129 alphanumeric, underscore, slash and period characters, beginning with an alpha character
The gocbRef field of incoming GOOSE messages must match this value for the message to be accepted as a valid
RxGOOSE1 message. If the entered value is the empty string, RxGOOSE1 is disabled. If not the empty string, the entry
needs to be an ACSI ObjectReference to the publishing control block in the format:
<LDName>/LLN0.<GoCBName> 5
where <LDName> is the function-related name if the logical device containing the publishing control block has "ldName"
configured, otherwise the product-related name of that logical device, and <GoCBName> is the name of the publishing
control block.
The D30 translates the ACSI format required for this setting to the MMS format used in GOOSE messages:
<LDName>/LLN0$GO$<GoCBName>
If the publisher is a UR 7.3x or 7.40 series device, <LDName> is the value of the publisher's Master functional ldName
setting if that setting is not empty, otherwise it is the value of the publisher's IED NAME suffixed with "Master". If the
publisher is a UR 7.3x series device, <GoCBName> is "GoCB" suffixed with the two digit TxGOOSE instance number, for
example "GoCB01". If the publisher is a UR 7.40 series device, <GoCBName> is as specified earlier in the TxGOOSE
section of this chapter.
RxGOOSE1 datSet
Range: 0 to 32 alphanumeric and underscore characters, beginning with an alpha character
If the entered value has one or more characters, the datSet field of incoming GOOSE messages must exactly match this
value prefixed by <LDName>/LLN0$ for the message to be accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. <LDName> is as
specified in the RxGOOSE GoCBRef setting above. If the entered value is the empty string, RxGOOSE1 does not check the
value received in the datSet field.
If the publisher is a UR 7.3x series device, set this setting to the value of the publisher's DataSetxx name setting, where xx
is the instance number of the data set selected by the publisher's TxGOOSE datSet setting. If the publisher is a UR 7.40
series device, datSet is as specified in the DataSets section of this chapter.
RxGOOSE1 ConfRev
Default: 1
If the value entered is non-zero, the confRev field of incoming GOOSE messages must exactly match this value for the
message to be accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. If the entered value is zero, RxGOOSE1 does not check the value
received in the confRev field.

If the publisher is a UR 7.3x series device, set this setting to match the value of the publisher's TxGOOSE ConfRev setting.
R-RxGOOSE1 RECEPTION MODE
Range: SSM, ASM, Unicast
Default: SSM
When the RxGOOSE1 MODE setting is other than R-GOOSE the value of this setting is not used. Otherwise it selects the
R-GOOSE reception mode.
R-RxGOOSE RECEPTION MODE specifies the R-RxGOOSE DST IP range. When set to SSM, R-RxGOOSE DST IP must be in
the range of 232.0.0.1 to 232.255.255.255. When set to ASM, R-RxGOOSE DST IP must be in the range of 224.0.0.1 to
239.255.255.255, excluding the SSM range. Note that the SSM range is inside the ASM range and therefore the ASM use
excludes the SSM range. The default destination IP address 224.0.0.0 is reserved, and hence not a valid multicast IP
address.
The reception modes are related to Layer-3 R-GOOSE reception from routers/WAN. The subscription to multicasting of R-
GOOSE is supported using IGMP Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM). It is made available in either Source Specific
Multicast (SSM) mode or Any Source Multicast (ASM) mode. Unicast (over UDP) mode can also be used. In case of
multicasting (IGMPv3 based SSM or ASM), the R-GOOSE subscriber device requests the Last Hop Router (LHR) to
subscribe to a specific multicasting group.
If the publisher is using a unicast destination IP address for this R-GOOSE, then set R-RxGOOSE1 RECEPTION MODE to
Unicast. Otherwise set R-RxGOOSE1 RECEPTION MODE to the SSM or ASM mode used by the local routers/firewalls.
R-RxGOOSE1 SRC IP
Default: 127.0.0.1
When the RxGOOSE1 MODE setting is other than R-GOOSE, the value of this setting is not used. When the RxGOOSE1
MODE setting is R-GOOSE and the R-RxGOOSE RECEPTION MODE setting is ASM, the value of this setting is not used.
5 Otherwise the Source IP Address field of incoming R-GOOSE messages must exactly match this value for the message to
be accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. Set this setting to the value of the source IP address used by the publisher.
For UR publishers, this value is in setting PRT# IP ADDRESS.
The UR does not validate the address entered. The default IP address 127.0.0.1 is a reserved, not a valid IP address. Enter
a valid IP source address.
R-RxGOOSE1 DST IP
Default: 224.0.0.0
When the RxGOOSE1 MODE setting is other than R-GOOSE, the value of this setting is not used. Otherwise the
Destination IP Address field of incoming R GOOSE messages must exactly match this value for the message to be
accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. Set this setting to the same value as the R-GOOSE publisher's Destination IP
Address. For UR publishers, this value is in setting R-TxGOOSE# DST IP.
The destination IP address needs to be a valid multicast or unicast IP address. The UR does not validate the address
entered. The default IP address 224.0.0.0 is reserved, and hence not a valid multicast IP address.
R-RxGOOSE1 SECURITY
Range: None, Signature, SignatureAndEncryption
Default: None
This setting is not supported. The default is None. Do not change the setting.
RxGOOSE1 Member 1
Range: End of List, BOOLEAN, FLOAT32, INT32, Dbpos (DPS), Quality, TimeStamp, Struct
Default: End of List
This setting specifies the type that the first member of incoming GOOSE messages must be for the message to be
accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message. There are similar settings for each of the up to 64 members that the UR is able
to subscribe to in a given GOOSE message. The member before the first member setting set to "End of List" must be the
last member of the message for the message to be accepted as a valid RxGOOSE1 message.
If the publisher is a UR 7.3x or 7.40 series device, set these settings to match the basic type of the members of the
publisher's data set selected by the publisher's TxGOOSE datSet setting.

If the publisher dataset includes members with structured data, that is, data attributes, sub-data objects, and/or data
attributes with sub-data attributes, configuration must use one of the new 7.40 UR Setup RxGOOSE Inputs pages. In this
case the Member setting displays as the product-related name used by the publishing IED of the data object or data
attribute, in standard SCSM format (e.g. Publisher1LD1/LLN0$ST$Off$stVal).
Note that a dataset can hold at most 64 basic data attribute values, and that a single structured data object or attribute
can contain multiple basic data attribute values. UR Setup software does not allow more that 64 basic data attribute
values to be entered, in which case the last several members settings cannot be changed from End of List.
Note that the publisher's name alone does not contain all the information required for subscription, additional publisher
information model information is stored elsewhere. For this reason, manual entry of the name is not supported.
RxGOOSE inputs
The values received by RxGOOSE elements need to be converted to FlexLogic or FlexAnalog operands so that they can be
used by other UR elements. This conversion is done by RxGOOSE Boolean, RxGOOSE DPS, and RxGOOSE Analog elements.
Each RxGOOSE Boolean can convert the value of a specified Boolean value received by a specified RxGOOSE to a FlexLogic
operand. Each RxGOOSE DPS can convert the value of a specified Dbpos (Double bit position) value to four FlexLogic
operands, one for each of the four possible Dbpos states. Each RxGOOSE Analog can convert the value of a specified
FLOAT32 member to a FlexAnalog operand. Each of these operands reverts to its default state when the RxGOOSE
connectivity is lost. Other types of values can be present in subscribed GOOSE messages, but cannot be converted to
operands. An RxGOOSE Input that is mapped to a value that in the GOOSE message is a child of a data object reverts to its
configured default value while the Quality value in that data object is invalid, and also while the Quality value is test and
this relay's TEST MODE FUNCTION setting is other than Forcible or Isolated.
RxGOOSE Boolean, RxGOOSE DPS, and RxGOOSE Analog elements are mapped to various data objects in
<iedName>Master/GGIO3. This is to allow reading of their values via MMS and to allow references to them in SCL files.
GGIO3 has no settings, nor is it visible in the UR Setup software. See the UR Family Communications Guide for more 5
information on GGIO3.
RxGOOSE Boolean inputs

Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GOOSE > RxGOOSE > RxGOOSE Boolean Inputs.
The number of RxGOOSE Boolean (remote inputs) is 256.
There are Add IED and Remove IED buttons. The Add IED button allows SCL files to be used, including IID, ICD, CID, and
SCD (supported in version 7.40 and later). When the file format is SCD, the system lists all IEDs inside the SCD file and lets
the user select the ones to add. The figure shows a selection being made by importing a CID file using the Add IED
function.

Figure 5-21: RxGOOSE Boolean panel
5 Most of the settings are configured by drag-and-drop. However the ID, DEFAULT STATE, and EVENTS settings must be
individually entered when the factory default values are not acceptable.
RxGOOSE Boolean1 ID
Range: 0 to 20 characters
Default: RxG Bool1
This setting allows the user to assign descriptive text to the name of the RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand. The full
operand name is the value of this setting appended with " On". The standard and enhanced front panels display the first
17 characters of this setting plus " On" to fit the 20 character display.
RxGOOSE Boolean1 RxGOOSE
Range: None, RxGOOSE1, RxGOOSE2, and so on
Default: None
This setting selects the RxGOOSE containing the value that drives the RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand. If set to
None, the RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand assumes its default state.
RxGOOSE Boolean1 Member
Default: 1
This setting selects the GOOSE message member that drives the RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand. A setting of 1
selects the first member, 2 selects the second member, and so on. Entering a number greater than the number of
members in the message and entering the number of a member which does not contain a BOOLEAN results in the
RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand assuming its default state. The Subscribed to column identifies the particular
Boolean subscribed to even if the member is a structure containing more than one Boolean.
RxGOOSE Boolean1 DEFAULT STATE
Range: On, Off, Latest/On, Latest/Off
Default: Off
This setting selects the logic state for the RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand if the UR has just completed startup and
the selected RxGOOSE has not yet received a message, or the selected RxGOOSE has lost its connectivity with the
publisher. The following choices are available:

– "On" value defaults the input to logic 1

– "Off" value defaults the input to logic 0
– "Latest/On" freezes the input in case of lost connectivity. If the latest state is unknown, such as after UR power-up
but before the first communication, the input defaults to logic 1. When communication resumes, the input
becomes fully operational.
– "Latest/Off" freezes the input in case of lost connectivity. If the latest state is unknown, such as after UR power-up
but before the first communication, the input defaults to logic 0. When communication resumes, the input
becomes fully operational.
RxGOOSE Boolean1 EVENTS
Range: Disabled, Enabled
Default: Disabled
This setting selects whether Off to On transitions of the RxGOOSE Boolean1 FlexLogic operand are recorded by the event
recorder. If set to Enabled, Off to On transitions are recorded. On to Off transitions are never recorded, even if events are
enabled.
RxGOOSE DPS inputs

Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 618560 > GOOSE > RxGOOSE > RxGOOSE DPS Inputs.
There are Add IED and Remove IED buttons. The Add IED button allows SCL files to be used, including ICD, CID, and SCD
(supported in version 7.40 and later). When the file format is SCD, the system lists all IEDs inside the SCD file and lets the
user select the ones to add.
Figure 5-22: RxGOOSE DPS Inputs panel
5
RxGOOSE DPS1 ID
Default: RxG DPS1
This setting allows the user to assign descriptive text to the names of the four RxGOOSE DPS1 FlexLogic operands. The
full operand name is the value of this setting appended with "Interm," "On," "Off," or "Bad." The standard and enhanced
front panels display the first 13 characters of this setting plus the state suffix to fit the 20 character display.
RxGOOSE DPS1 RxGOOSE
Default: None
This setting selects the GOOSE message containing the value that drives the RxGOOSE DPS1 FlexLogic operand. If set to
None, the RxGOOSE DPS1 FlexLogic operand assumes its default state.

RxGOOSE DPS1 Member

Default: 1
This setting selects the GOOSE message member that drives the RxGOOSE DPS1 FlexLogic operand. A setting of 1 selects
the first member, 2 selects the second member, and so on. Entering a number greater than the number of members in
the message and entering the number of a member that is not a Dbpos results in the RxGOOSE DPS1 FlexLogic operand
assuming its default state. In the case that the member is a structure containing more than one Dbpos, the Subscribed
to column identifies the particular Dbpos subscribed to.
RxGOOSE DSP1 DEFAULT STATE
Range: Intermediate-state, Off, On, Bad-state, Latest
Default: Latest
This setting selects the logic state for the data attribute @Master/GGIO3.IndPos01.stVal and the DPS FlexLogic operands
when the UR has just completed start-up and the selected RxGOOSE has not yet received a message, and when the
RxGOOSE has lost its connection with the publisher. When this setting is selected to Latest, the value of @Master/
GGIO3.IndPosψψ.stVal is Intermediate-state when the UR has just completed start-up and the selected RxGOOSE has
not yet received a message, and the latest received value when the RxGOOSE loses its connectivity with the publisher.
RxGOOSE DPS1 EVENTS
Default: Disabled
This setting selects whether Off to On transitions of the RxGOOSE DPS1 FlexLogic operands are recorded by the event
recorder. If set to Enabled, Off to On transitions are recorded. On to Off transitions are never recorded, even if events are
enabled.
5
RxGOOSE analog inputs
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GOOSE > RxGOOSE > RxGOOSE Analog Inputs.
There are Add IED and Remove IED buttons. The Add IED button allows SCL files to be used, including ICD, CID, and SCD
(supported in version 7.40 and later). When the file format is SCD, the system lists all IEDs inside the SCD file and lets the
user select the ones to add.
Figure 5-23: RxGOOSE Analog Inputs panel
There are 32 RxGOOSE analog inputs.

RxGOOSE Analog1 ID
Default: RxG Analog1
This setting allows the user to assign descriptive text to RxGOOSE Analog1. Unlike RxGOOSE Booleans and RxGOOSE
DPS, the RxGOOSE Analog operands have fixed names, for example RxGOOSE Analog1.
RxGOOSE Analog1 RxGOOSE
Default: None
This setting selects the GOOSE message that drives the RxGOOSE Analog1 FlexAnalog operand. If set to None, the
RxGOOSE Analog1 FlexAnalog operand assumes its default state.
RxGOOSE Analog1 Member
Default: 1
This setting selects the GOOSE message member that drives the RxGOOSE Analog1 FlexAnalog operand. A setting of 1
selects the first member, 2 selects the second member, and so on. Entering a number greater than the number of
members in the message and entering the number of a member that does not contain a FLOAT32 results in the
RxGOOSE Analog1 FlexAnalog operand assuming its default state. The Subscribed to column identifies the particular
FLOAT32 subscribed to even if the member is a structure containing more than one FLOAT32.
RxGOOSE Analog1 DEFAULT
Range: -1000000.000 to 1000000.000 in steps of 0.001
Default: 1000.000
This setting specifies the value of the GOOSE analog input when the selected RxGOOSE has lost its connectivity with the
publisher and the RxGOOSE Analog1 DEFAULT MODE is set to "Default Value." Otherwise this setting has no effect. This
setting is stored as an IEEE 754 / IEC 60559 floating point number. Because of the large range of this setting, not all 5
possible values can be stored. Some values can be rounded to the closest possible floating point number.
RxGOOSE Analog1 DEFAULT MODE
Range: Default Value, Last Known
Default: Default Value
When the selected RxGOOSE has lost its connectivity with the publisher and this setting is "Last Known," the value of the
RxGOOSE Analog1 FlexLogic operand remains at the last received value. When the selected RxGOOSE has lost its
connectivity with the publisher and this setting value is "Default Value," then the RxGOOSE Analog1 FlexLogic operand is
defined by the RxGOOSE Analog1 DEFAULT setting. After restart, until a message is received, the operand value is the
default value.
RxGOOSE Analog1 UNITS
Range: up to 4 characters
This setting specifies a four-character string that is used in the actual values display of RxGOOSE Analog1.
RxGOOSE Analogs are floating-point values, with no units. The RxGOOSE UNIT and PU base settings allow the user to
configure RxGOOSE Analog, so that it can be used in a FlexElement.
RxGOOSE Analogs that represent current, voltage, power, frequency, angles, or power factor can be used in a
FlexElement. The following text must be used in the UNITS setting, to represent these types of analogs: A, V, W, var, VA,
Hz, deg, and no text (blank setting) for power factor.
RxGOOSE Analogs can be compared to other RxGOOSE Analogs with any character string or no string.
RxGOOSE Analog1 PU Base in kilo
Range: 0.000 to 1000000000.000 in steps of 0.001
Default: 1.000
This setting specifies the per-unit base value for other D30 features to use with the RxGOOSE Analog1 operand. A
FlexElement for instance subtracts two quantities after converting their values to integers rescaled to a common base,
the common base being the largest of the base values of the two quantities. If one of quantities is RxGOOSE Analog1 and
its per-unit base value is not appropriate, the rescaling operation can result in unnecessary loss of precision or overflow

in the integer result. The FlexElement Base Units table in the Settings > FlexLogic > FlexElements section later, which
tabulates the per-unit base value used by its pickup setting and implies the per-unit base used by other FlexAnalogs, can
be of use in selecting a value for the RxGOOSE Analog1 PU setting.
Some UR elements have requirements for the type of input operands, for instance current type or voltage type. These
elements assume that RxGOOSE Analog operands are of whatever type is necessary to meet these requirements.
The per-unit base setting represents thousands, not single units. For example, a PU base of 1.000 is actually 1000 and a
PU base of 0.001 is 1.
When using RxGOOSE Analogs and PU base in FlexElements, the largest value that can be displayed in the FlexElement
actual values is 2,140,000.000.
Reports
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Reports.
Report settings
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Reports > Report Settings.
ReportSettings rptID
Range: Dyn, Conf
Default: Dyn
When set to Dyn, the RptID attribute in any buffered and unbuffered report control block can be modified by an MMS
client while the control block's RptEna attribute is false. The RptID is the name of the report.
ReportSettings optFields
Range: Dyn, Conf
5 Default: Dyn
When set to Dyn, the OptFlds attribute in any buffered and unbuffered report control block can be modified by an MMS
client while the control block's RptEna attribute is false.
ReportSettings bufTime
Range: Dyn, Conf
Default: Dyn
When set to Dyn, the BufTm attribute in any buffered and unbuffered report control block can be modified by an MMS
ReportSettings trgOps
Range: Dyn, Conf
Default: Dyn
When set to Dyn, the TrgOps attribute in any buffered and unbuffered report control block can be modified by an MMS
ReportSettings intgPd
Range: Dyn, Conf
Default: Dyn
When set to Dyn, the IntgPd attribute in any buffered and unbuffered report control block can be modified by an MMS
Buffered and unbuffered reports

Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Reports > Buffered Reports or Unbuffered
Reports.

Figure 5-24: IEC 61850 buffered report panel
An IEC 61850 Report server is an efficient method to deliver generic substation event information from a single server to a
single client, such as a supervisory control IED. A Configurable Report is a UR element implementing an IEC 61850 Report
server, either of the buffered or unbuffered kind. The following table lists the number of Configurable Report elements.
Each Configurable Report element can report the values of up to 64 FlexLogic or FlexAnalog operands. Buffered report
elements queue value changes that occur while the client is offline and delivered when the client re-connects. Up to 512
events can be queued. Unbuffered control blocks purge all value change events when the connection to the client is lost;
any events that occur while the client is not connected are lost.
Table 5-11: Number of report elements
Number
Buffered reports 30
Unbuffered reports 18
Configurable Reports interoperate with any client device of any manufacturer that conforms to the IEC 61850 edition 1.0
or 2.0 report client requirements.
The entities whose values are reported by a Configurable Report are known as members. The members are itemized in an
ordered list known as a data set. Each Configurable Report can use any one of the data sets provided that no more than
four data sets are used for reports. This restriction is to limit the amount of processing power that can be allocated to
reporting.
Each enabled Configurable Report transmits an update to its client whenever a value change is detected in one or more of
its members. Also, the control block can be configured to send integrity reports containing the present value of all
members either on demand from the client or periodically. A TCP handshaking mechanism causes messages that are not
read and acknowledged by the client to be retransmitted.

For a Configurable Report to operate, its members must be selected (that is, its data set configured) and a client must open
a connection to, configure, and enable its report control block. Control blocks and data sets can be pre-configured by
sending the D30 a CID file. See the UR Family Communications Guide for details. EnerVista UR Setup also can be used to
select the data set members and to pre-configure the control blocks.
Each buffered report has the following settings.
Buffered Report1 RptID
The name of the report. The entered value sets the RptID value in Buffered Report1 messages, and it can be used by the
client to discriminate Buffered Report1 messages from other messages. If the number of characters entered is zero, the
value used for RptID in messages is an ObjectReference to the report's control block, that is, "<LDName>/
LLN0$BR$"BRCB01".
Buffered Report1 Name
Default: BRCB01
The entered value sets the report control block name value for Buffered Report1.
Buffered Report1 DatSet
Range: None, TT6DataSet1, TT6 DataSet2, …, TT3DataSet01, TT3DataSet02, …
Default: None
This setting selects the data set whose members' status is reported in Buffered Report1 messages using the UR Setup
software designator for the data set. The IEC 61850 name of the data sets are configured in the Datasets panel, as
described later.
5 An ObjectReference to the data set, which consists of the concatenation of the string "<LDName>/LLN0$" and the data
set name, is used in the datSet field of report messages, and it can be used by the client to discriminate Buffered Report1
messages from other messages.
The performance of the report is determined by the performance of the selected dataset. When the selection is
TT3DataSet01, TT3DataSet02, … it is possible that transient events can be missed.
To configure a DataSet, select it at the top of the window from the drop-down list, for example DataSet02 shown in the
previous figure. In the lower part of the window, drag and drop configuration items to the right side. For example select
the ST Ind001 stVal item and drag it to DataSet Member 1. Dataset members configured here affect other Report or
TxGOOSE control blocks that use the same DataSet.
Buffered Report1 ConfRev
Default: 1
The entered value sets the confRev value in Buffered Report1 messages, and it can be used by clients to discriminate
report messages of the expected configuration revision from messages of a different revision. The standard requires
that confRev be incremented each time the members or the order of the members is changed, and each time the data
set name is changed. The standard states that the value of 0 is reserved.
Buffered Report1 OptFlds
Range: The check box for each individual bit can be enabled or not (see figure)
Default: All bits enabled/ true
The OptFlds setting is bitstring that controls which of the optional fields are included in report messages. The figure
shows the available option bits. To reduce message size, uncheck any fields that are not needed.

Figure 5-25: Options for buffered report messages
Buffered Report1 BufTm

Default: 0 ms
The entered value sets the time interval in milliseconds for the buffering of events for inclusion in a single report.
Buffered Report1 TrgOps
Range: The check box for an individual bit can be enabled or not
Default: All bits enabled / true
The TrgOps setting is bitstring that controls which trigger conditions are monitored in this report. The options are as
follows. Uncheck any trigger conditions that are not needed.
– data-change
– quality-change
– integrity
– general interrogation
Buffered Report1 IntgPd 5
Default: 0 ms
The entered value sets the period in milliseconds for generating Buffered Report1 integrity reports. An integrity report
includes the values of all members of the referenced data set, whether a change has occurred or not.
Each unbuffered report has the following settings.

Unbuffered Report1 RptID
The name of the report. The entered value sets the RptID value in Unbuffered Report1 messages, and it can be used by
the client to discriminate Unbuffered Report1 messages from other messages. If the number of characters entered is
zero, the value used for RptID in messages is an ObjectReference to the report's control block, that is, "<LDName>/
LLN0$RP$"URCB01".
Unbuffered Report1 Name
Range: 0 up to 32 VisibleString characters
Default: URCB01
The entered value sets the report control block name value for Unbuffered Report1.
Unbuffered Report1 DatSet
Range: None, TT6DataSet1, TT6 DataSet2, …, TT3DataSet01, TT3DataSet02, …
Default: None
This setting selects the data set whose members' status is reported in Unbuffered Report1 messages using the UR Setup
software designator for the data set. The IEC 61850 name of the data sets are configured in the Datasets panel, as
described later.

An ObjectReference to the data set, which consists of the concatenation of the string "<LDName>/LLN0$" and the data
set name, is used in the datSet field of report messages, and it can be used by the client to discriminate Unbuffered
Report1 messages from other messages.
The performance of the report is determined by the performance of the selected dataset. When the selection is
TT3DataSet01, TT3DataSet02, … it is possible that transient events can be missed.
Unbuffered Report1 ConfRev
Default: 1
The entered value sets the confRev value in Unbuffered Report1 messages, and it can be used by clients to discriminate
report messages of the expected configuration revision from messages of a different revision. The standard requires
that confRev be incremented each time the members or the order of the members is changed, and each time the data
set name is changed. The standard states that the value of 0 is reserved.
Unbuffered Report1 OptFlds
The OptFlds setting is bitstring that controls which of the optional fields are included in report messages. The options are
as follows. To reduce message size, uncheck any fields that are not needed.
– sequence-number
– report-time-stamp
– reason-for-inclusion
– data-set-name
– data-reference
5 – conf-revision
The OptFlds bits buffer-overflow and entryID also listed are not applicable to unbuffered reports even though the bits
exist in the protocol. They are unchecked by default.
Unbuffered Report1 BufTm
Default: 0 ms
The entered value sets the time interval in milliseconds for the buffering of events for inclusion into a single report.
Unbuffered Report1 TrgOps
The TrgOps setting is bitstring that controls which trigger conditions are monitored in this report. The options are as
follows. Uncheck any trigger conditions that are not needed.
– data-change
– quality-change
– integrity
– general interrogation
Unbuffered Report1 IntgPd
Default: 0 ms
The entered value sets the period in milliseconds for generating Unbuffered Report1 integrity reports. An integrity report
includes the values of all members of the referenced data set, whether a change has occurred or not.
DataSets
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > DataSets.

As mentioned in the preceding GOOSE and Reports sections, the members whose values are communicated by these
services are itemized in an ordered list known as a data set. Each UR with the IEC 61850 option has 18 data sets (six fast
and 12 slow). Each data set can contain as many as 64 members. Any data set can be used simultaneously by any number
of TxGOOSE elements and/or by any number of Configurable Report elements. UR Setup software can configure any
FlexLogic operands and any FlexAnalog operands as members.
Figure 5-26: IEC 61850 DataSets
UR Setup software requires data set members to be IEC 61850 data objects or data attributes with Functional Constraint
ST or MX. Certain FlexLogic and FlexAnalog operands have factory-assigned data attributes as tabulated in the UR Family
Communications Guide. All FlexLogic and FlexAnalog operands can be user-assigned to GGIO1 or GGIO4 data attributes,
so that operands without factory-assigned data attributes can still have their values published. See the GGIO1 and GGIO4
sections later for details.
Datasets used by TxGOOSE1, TxGOOSE2, and/or by reports also provide a chatter suppression service for their Boolean
members. Oscillation in a value, also known as chatter, can be caused by errors in logic programming, inadequate
hysteresis (deadband) on a threshold, or a failed station component. Chatter can flood a communications network with
GOOSE messages, degrading response time for all users. If chatter is detected in a Boolean member, TxGOOSE suspends
GOOSE event message triggering and report message triggering from that member for as long as the condition exists, and
for a minimum period of one second. While sending is suspended, a self-test message identifying the specific data item
detected as oscillating is activated.
For a summary of the panels in which the data sets are used, the path is Settings > Product Setup > Communications >
IEC 61850 > DataSets > Summary.
For the settings, navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > DataSets > TT6DataSet1 for the
first data set.
Copy and paste functions are available when right-clicking a DataSet. They allow the target dataset to be configured
based on its order code. If some dataset items are not supported, they are not pasted, and a warning message shows a list
of dataset items that were not supported and not pasted. The DataSet name is not copied or pasted. In short, use this
feature to copy a DataSet Member setting and paste it into another Member setting, a text file, or Word, as examples.

Figure 5-27: Member right-click
5 DataSet01 name
Default: DataSet01
The value entered sets the name of the data set, which is required to be unique within the UR for proper operation. The
value entered sets the name of the data set, which is required to be unique within the UR for proper operation. Fast
datasets start with TT6, and slow datasets start with TT3. Up to six fast datasets are allowed. Up to four fast GOOSE
datasets are allowed.
An ObjectReference to the data set consists of a string that is the concatenation of "<LDName>/LLN0$" and the
DataSet01 name setting value. An ObjectReference to the data set is published in the datSet field of TxGOOSE messages,
and it can be used by subscribers to discriminate the messages of that TxGOOSE from other GOOSE messages. An
ObjectReference to the data set is optionally published in the DatSet field of Report messages. Valid characters are
upper and lowercase letters, digits, and the underscore (_) character. The first character must be a letter.
DataSet01 shared by
Default:
Names of all control blocks that use this DataSet. Read-only field.
DataSet01 Member1
Range: End of List or any instantiated 61850 data object or data attribute with Functional Constraint ST or MX
Default: End of List
This setting specifies the first member in TxGOOSE1 messages. There is a similar setting for each of the up to 64
members that the UR allows in a Dataset. Only values of members before the first set to End of List are published.
Select the member from the drop-down list. Or right-click an entry to copy, paste, delete, or insert.
Product setup
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Product Setup.

Security
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Product Setup > Security.
Figure 5-28: IEC 61850 Security
SecGSAL1.SecDataClr.ctlModel
Range: direct-with-normal-security, sbo-with-normal-security
Default: direct-with-normal-security 5
This setting selects the control model that clients must use to clear security data via commands to
SecGSAL1.SecDataClr. "sbo" here is select-before-operate.
SecGSAL1.OpCntRs ctlModel
Default: direct-with-normal-security
This setting selects the control model that clients must use to clear security data via commands to SecGSAL1.OpCntRs.
"sbo" here is select-before-operate.
Demand
Deadband parameters of measured values related to the Demand metering are configured here.
Energy
Deadband parameters of measured values related to the Energy metering are configured here.
Real Time Clock

Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Product Setup > Real Time Clock.

Figure 5-29: IEC 61850 Real Time Clock
TmClkLTMS1.TmnsDelta.db
Range: 0.000 to 100.000 %
Default: 0.000 %
This setting is a deadband setting in which no action occurs.
Deadband settings
5 A deadband is a range in which no action occurs, usually expressed as a percentage.
The IEC 61850 panels contain hundreds of deadband settings, such as in the following panels: Product Setup > Real Time
Clock, FlexLogic, Control Elements, and GGIO4. Each panel is not outlined here.
Deadband setting names all end either with "DB" or .db. As they all work the same way, but each on a different analog
value, a single description applicable to all deadband settings is given here. The analog value that each deadband setting
applies is usually obvious from the name of the setting. However, a tabulation of the analog values and their associated
deadband setting can be found in the UR Family Communications Guide.
Figure 5-30: Deadband settings with .db suffix

GOOSE, buffered report, and unbuffered report messages are for the most part transmitted only when there is a value
change in one or more of their members. Most analog values continuously dither by an amount that is not significant.
Were a report to be sent each time an insignificant analog value change occurred, then the communications network
floods with GOOSE and report messages, degrading response time for all users.
To control this, a deadband setting is provided for each analog value. Also, in addition to the present actual value of each
analog ("instMag" in the following figure), there is a deadbanded value ("mag" in the figure), which is updated with the
present value only when the difference between the two exceeds the deadband setting (db in the figure). Changes to this
deadbanded value trigger transmissions when included in GOOSE and report data sets.
Figure 5-31: Deadband settings
Deadband settings are entered in UR Setup software in units of percent of the difference between the "max." and "min." of
the associated analog value. A zero deadband setting suppresses transmission triggering. The range of deadband settings
is 0.000 to 100.000% in steps of 0.001. The default value is 0.000%.
GGIO4 elements have individual settings for "min." and "max." The min. and max. for FlxEIGAPC#.OpSig.db (FLEXELEMENT #
OpSig) are -50 pu and +50 pu respectively. The min. value for all other quantities is 0. The max. values are as follows: 5
• Phase current — 46 x phase CT primary setting
• Neutral current — 46 x ground CT primary setting
• Phase and phase-to-phase voltage — 275 x VT ratio setting
• Power (real, reactive, apparent, 3-phase, and 1-phase) — 46 x phase CT primary setting x 275 x VT ratio setting
• Energy (real or imaginary) — 46 x phase CT primary setting x 275 x VT ratio setting x 1 hour
• Frequency — 90 Hz
• Frequency rate of change — 90 Hz/s
• Power factor — 2
• Angle — 360 degrees
Select the deadband settings from knowledge of the characteristics of the power system quantity measured and
knowledge of the demands of the applications receiving the measurement via GOOSE or report such that changes of
significance to the application are promptly reported, yet the network is not overly burdened with event messages.
Signal sources
Deadband parameters of measured values related to the signal sources are configured here.
Breaker 1
The UR breaker control and status monitoring elements have certain settings that configure how the IEC 61850 protocol
interacts with these elements. These settings are described in this section. See the Breakers section in the System Setup
section of this chapter for details on the operation of breaker control elements.
Navigate to Settings > Communications > IEC 61850 > System Setup > Breakers > Breaker 1 to access the settings that
configure the IEC 61850 protocol interface with the first breaker control and status monitoring element. The settings and
functionality for the others are similar.

Figure 5-32: IEC 61850 Breaker panel
XCBR1 ST.LOC OPERAND

Range: any FlexLogic operand
Default: OFF
This setting is used to select a FlexLogic operand that declares to IEC 61850 services that breaker 1 is selected for local
control. While the selected operand is asserted, Bkr0XCBR1.Loc.stVal is true and IEC 61850 commands to BkrCSWI1.Pos
5 and Bkr0XCBR1.Pos are not accepted, and a Negative Response (-Rsp) is issued with the REASON CODE of Blocked-by-
switching-hierarchy.
XCBR1 SYNCCHECK CLS
Default: ON
This setting is used to select a FlexLogic operand that declares to IEC 61850 services that synchrocheck conditions are
acceptable for closing breaker 1. If a SelectWithValue or Operate service with ctlVal true and with Check.SynchroCheck
true is requested of either BkrCSWI1.Pos or Bkr0XCBR1.Pos and the selected operand is not asserted, a Negative
Response (-Rsp) is issued with the REASON CODE of Blocked-by-synchrocheck.
XCBR1 INTERLOCK OPN
Default: ON
This setting is used to select a FlexLogic operand that declares to IEC 61850 services that interlocking conditions are not
acceptable for opening breaker 1. While the selected operand is asserted, the value of BkrCILO.EnaOpn.stVal is false. If a
SelectWithValue or Operate service with ctlVal false and with Check.Interlock-check true is requested of either
BkrCSWI1.Pos or Bkr0XCBR1.Pos, and the selected operand is not activated, a Negative Response (-Rsp) is issued with
the REASON CODE of Blocked-by-interlocking.
XCBR1 INTERLOCK CLS
Default: ON
acceptable for closing breaker 1. While the selected operand is asserted, the value of BkrCILO.EnaCls.stVal is false. If a
SelectWithValue or Operate service with ctlVal true and with Check.Interlock-check true is requested of either
BkrCSWI1.Pos or Bkr0XCBR1.Pos and the selected operand is not activated, a Negative Response (-Rsp) is issued with the
REASON CODE of Blocked-by-interlocking.

XCBR1 Pos ctlModel

Range: status-only, direct-with-normal-security, sbo-with-normal-security, direct-with-enhanced-security, sbo-with-
enhanced-security
Default: sbo-with-enhanced-security
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the breaker 1 signals marked
Bkr0XCBR1.PosOpn.ctlVal and Bkr0XCBR1.PosCls.ctlVal on the Breaker Control Logic (Sheet 1 of 2) diagram in the
Settings > System Setup section later in this chapter. These signals force a breaker 1 three-phase trip or close control
while the operand selected by setting XCBR1 ST.LOC OPERAND is not active.
"sbo" here is select-before-operate. Enhanced security means that the UR reports to the client the breaker 1 position at
the end of the command sequence.
XCBR1 Pos sboTimeout
Default: 30 s
This setting specifies the maximum time between a select and an operate command to breaker 1 signals marked
Bkr0XCBR1.PosOpn.ctlVal and Bkr0XCBR1.PosCls.ctlVal in order for the operand to be successful. This setting is only
relevant when XCBR1 Pos ctlModel is sbo-with-normal-security or sbo-with-enhanced-security.
XCBR1 BlkOpn ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the breaker 1 signal marked
Bkr0XCBR1.BlkOpn.ctlVal signal on the Breaker Control Logic (Sheet 1 of 2) diagram in the Settings > System Setup
section later. This signal when true blocks breaker 1 trip control while the operand selected by setting XCBR1 ST.LOC
OPERAND is not active.
XCBR1 BlkCls ctlModel 5
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the breaker 1 signal marked
Bkr0XCBR1.BlkCls.ctlVal signal on the Breaker Control Logic (Sheet 1 of 2) diagram in the Settings > System Setup section
later. This signal when true blocks breaker 1 close control while the operand selected by setting XCBR1 ST.LOC OPERAND
is not active.
CSWI1 Pos ctlModel
enhanced-security
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the breaker 1 signals marked
BkrCSWI1.PosOpn.ctlVal and BkrCSWI1.PosCls.ctlVal on the Breaker Control Logic (Sheet 1 of 2) diagram in the Settings >
System Setup section earlier. These signals force a breaker 1 three-phase trip or close control while the operand selected
by setting XCBR1 ST.LOC OPERAND is not active.
CSWI1 Pos sboTimeout
Default: 30 s
This setting specifies the maximum time between a select and an operate command to breaker 1 via BkrCSWI1.Pos in
order for the operand to be successful. This setting is only relevant when CSWI1 Pos ctlModel is sbo-with-normal-
security or sbo-with-enhanced-security.
CSWI1 Pos operTimeout
Range: 0.000 to 2.000 s in steps of 0.001s
Default: 0.100 s
This setting specifies the maximum time between an operate command to breaker 1 via BkrCSWI1.Pos until
BkrCSWI1.Pos.stVal enters the commanded state. The command terminates if the commanded state is not reached in
the set time.

Switch 1
The UR disconnect switch control and status monitoring elements have certain settings that configure how the IEC 61850
protocol interacts with these elements. These settings are described in this section. See the Settings > System Setup >
Disconnect Switches section later in this chapter for details on the operation of the disconnect switch control elements.
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > System Setup > Switches > Switch 1 to access
the settings that configure the IEC 61850 protocol interface with the first disconnect switch control and status monitoring
element. The settings and functionality for the others are similar.
Figure 5-33: Switch panel
5
Disc0XSWI1.InRef5.setSrcRef OPERAND
Default: OFF
This setting is used to select a FlexLogic operand that declares to IEC 61850 services that disconnect switch 1 is selected
for local control. While the selected operand is asserted, Disc0XSWI1.Loc.stVal is true and IEC 61850 commands to
DiscCSWI1.Pos and Disc0XSWI1.Pos are not accepted, and a Negative Response (-Rsp) is issued with the REASON CODE
of Blocked-by-switching-hierarchy.
XSWI1 INTERLOCK OPN
Default: ON
acceptable for opening disconnect switch 1. While the selected operand is asserted, the value of DiscCILO.EnaOpn.stVal
is false. If a SelectWithValue or Operate service with ctlVal false and with Check.Interlock-check true is requested of
DiscCSWI1.Pos or Disc0XSWI1.Pos and the selected operand is not activated, a Negative Response (-Rsp) is issued with
XSWI1 INTERLOCK CLS
Default: ON
acceptable for closing disconnect switch 1. While the selected operand is asserted, the value of DiscCILO.EnaCls.stVal is
false. If a SelectWithValue or Operate service with ctlVal true and with Check.Interlock-check true is requested of
DiscCSWI1.Pos or Disc0XSWI1.Pos and the selected operand is not activated, a Negative Response (-Rsp) is issued with

XSWI1 Pos ctlModel

enhanced-security
Default: sbo-with-enhanced-security
This setting selects the control model that clients must use to successfully control the disconnect switch 1 signals
marked Disc0XCBR1.PosOpn.ctlVal and Disc0XCBR1.PosCls.ctlVal on the Disconnect Switch Logic diagram in the Settings
> System Setup section later. These signals force a disconnect switch trip or close control while the operand selected by
setting XSWI1 ST.LOC OPERAND is not active.
"sbo" here is select-before-operate. Enhanced security means that the D30 reports to the client the disconnect switch 1
position the end of the command sequence.
XSWI1 Pos sboTimeout
Default: 30 s
This setting specifies the maximum time between a select and an operate command to disconnect switch 1 signals
marked Disc0XCBR1.PosOpn.ctlVal and Disc0XCBR1.PosCls.ctlVal in order for the operand to be successful. This setting is
only relevant when XSWI1 Pos ctlModel is sbo-with-normal-security or sbo-with-enhanced-security.
Disc0XSWI1 BlkOpn ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the disconnect switch 1 signal marked
DiscCSWI1.BlkOpn.ctlVal signal on the Disconnect Switch Logic diagram in the Settings > System Setup section later. This
signal when true blocks disconnect switch 1 trip control while the operand selected by setting XSWI1 ST.LOC OPERAND is
not active.
Disc0XSWI1 BlkCls ctlModel 5
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the disconnect switch 1 signal marked
DiscCSWI1.BlkCls.ctlVal signal on the Disconnect Switch Logic diagram in the Settings > System Setup section later. This
signal when true blocks disconnect switch 1 close control while the operand selected by setting XSWI1 ST.LOC OPERAND
is not active.
Disc0CSWI1 Pos ctlModel
enhanced-security
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the disconnect switch 1 signals marked
DiscCSWI1.PosOpn.ctlVal and DiscCSWI1.PosCls.ctlVal on the Disconnect Switch Logic diagram in the Settings > System
Setup section later. These signals force a disconnect switch trip or close control while the operand selected by setting
XSWI1 ST.LOC OPERAND is not active.
Disc0CSWI1 Pos sboTimeout
Default: 30 s
This setting specifies the maximum time between a select and an operate command to disconnect switch 1 via
BkrCSWI1.Pos in order for the operand to be successful. This setting is only relevant when CSWI1 Pos ctlModel is sbo-
with-normal-security or sbo-with-enhanced-security.
Disc0CSWI1 Pos operTimeout
Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001s
Default: 5.000 s
This setting specifies the maximum time between an operate command to disconnect switch 1 via BkrCSWI1.Pos until
BkrCSWI1.Pos.stVal enters the commanded state. The command terminates if the commanded state is not reached in
the set time.

Setting Groups
The UR implements a setting groups element as detailed in the Control Elements > Setting Groups section of this chapter.
The active setting group and the setting group open for edits can be selected via MMS commands SelectActiveSG and
SelectEditSG. The setting related to these IEC 61850 commands are described here.
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Control Elements > Setting Groups to access
the setting that configures the IEC 61850 setting group commands.
Figure 5-34: Setting Groups panel
5
Initial Setting Group
Default: 1
The entered value sets the initial value of the non-volatile register normally controlled by the service SelectActiveSG. This
initialization occurs only on the UR reboot immediately following the receipt of a valid CID file.
This setting is not mapped into the IEC 61850 information model, but sets the value of SettingControl element attribute
actSG in SCL files.
Commands
The UR implements a number of clear records commands as detailed in the Commands and Targets chapter of this
manual. Several of these commands also can be issued via IEC 61850. The settings related to these IEC 61850 commands
are described here.
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Settings for Commands to access the settings
that configure the IEC 61850 protocol interface for record clear commands.

Figure 5-35: Commands panel
FltRptRFLO1.RsStat.ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the command CLEAR FAULT REPORTS. "sbo"
here is select-before-operate. Enhanced security means that the D30 reports to the client the breaker 1 position at the
end of the command sequence.
LLN0.EvtRcdClr.ctlModel 5
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the command CLEAR EVENT RECORDS.
LPHD1.RsStat.ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the command CLEAR ALL RELAY RECORDS.
OscRDRE1.RcdTrg.ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the command FORCE TRIGGER.
OscRDRE1.MemClr.ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the command CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY.
DatLogRDRE1.MemClr.ctlModel
This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control the command CLEAR DATA LOGGER.
CBArc0SCBR1.MemClr.ctlModel

DmdMtrMMTR1.RsStat.ctlModel
EnrMtrMMTR1.RsStat.ctlModel
GGIO1
GGIO1 is a UR feature that allows up to 128 UR FlexLogic operands to be user-mapped to IEC 61850 information model
data attributes.
For the value of a FlexLogic operand to be read via MMS, included in TxGOOSE messages, or included in buffered/
unbuffered reports, the value must be assigned to a data attribute. GGIO1 allows those FlexLogic operands that have not
yet been factory-assigned to a data attribute to be user-assigned to a generic data attribute, and thus have their values
included in IEC 61850 communications.
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GGIO > GGIO1 to access the settings for GGIO1.
Figure 5-36: IEC 61850 GGIO1 panel
GGIO1 INDICATION 1
Default: OFF
This setting selects the FlexLogic operand whose value is mapped into the IEC 61850 data attribute
<LDName>/GGIO1.Ind001.stVal. See the FlexLogic section in this chapter for a list of FlexLogic operands.
GGIO1 INDICATION 2
Default: OFF
Selects the FlexLogic operand mapped to <LDName>/GGIO1.Ind002.stVal, and so on.
GGIO2
Virtual Inputs are controllable FlexLogic operands that can be controlled via IEC 61850 commands to GGIO2, by DNP, by
Modbus, and by the UR front panel. The settings related to these IEC 61850 commands are described here.

Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GGIO > GGIO2 to access the settings that
configure the IEC 61850 protocol interface for Virtual Input commands.
Figure 5-37: GGIO2 panel
GGIO2 CF SPCSO 1 CTLMODEL

This setting selects the control model clients must use to successfully control Virtual Input 1. "sbo" here is select-before-
operate. 5
GGIO2 CF SPCSO 2 CTLMODEL
Selects the control model for Virtual Input 2, and so on.
GGIO4
GGIO4 is a UR feature that allows up to 32 UR FlexAnalog operands to be user-mapped to an IEC 61850 information model
data attribute.
For the value of a FlexAnalog operand to be read via MMS, included in TxGOOSE messages, or included in buffered/
unbuffered reports, the value must be assigned to a data attribute. GGIO4 allows those FlexAnalog operands that have not
yet been factory-assigned to a data attribute to be user-assigned to a generic data attribute, and thus have their values
included in IEC 61850 communications.
Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GGIO > GGIO4 > GGIO4.AnIn1 to access the
settings for the first GGIO4 value. The settings and functionality for the others are similar.

Figure 5-38: GGIO4 panel
ANALOG IN 1 VALUE
Range: any FlexAnalog operand
Default: OFF
This setting selects the FlexAnalog operand whose value is mapped into the IEC 61850 data attribute
<LDName>/GGIO4.AnIn01.instMag.f. The value of the FlexAnalog operand is converted automatically to the format and
scaling required by the standard, that is to say primary amperes, primary volts, and so on. See Appendix A for a list of
5 FlexAnalog operands.
ANALOG IN 1 DB
Range: 0.000 to 100.000% in steps of 0.001
Default: 0.000%
This setting specifies the deadband for the ANALOG IN 1 VALUE. The deadband is used to determine when to update the
deadbanded magnitude from the instantaneous magnitude. The deadband is a percentage of the difference between
the "max." and "min." values. Here, the "max." and "min." are as specified by the settings ANALOG IN 1 MAX and ANALOG IN
1 MIN.
See the Deadband Settings section earlier for a description of deadbanded values.
ANALOG IN 1 MIN
Default: 0.000
This setting specifies the "min." value used in deadband calculations. The scaling of this setting is the same as used by
<LDName>/GGIO4.AnIn01.instMag.f. This setting is stored as an IEEE 754 / IEC 60559 floating point number. Because of
the large range of this setting, not all possible values can be stored. Some values are rounded to the closest possible
floating point number.
ANALOG IN 1 MAX
Default: 1000000.000
This setting specifies the "max." value used in deadband calculations. The scaling of this setting is the same as used by
<LDName>/GGIO4.AnIn01.instMag.f. This setting is stored as an IEEE 754 / IEC 60559 floating point number. Because of
the large range of this setting, not all possible values can be stored. Some values are rounded to the closest possible
floating point number.

File transfer by IEC 61850

The D30 supports file transfer by IEC 61850. The approach is as follows, using the SISCO AX-S4 61850 client software as an
example.
1. In the AX-S4 61850 Explorer window, click the Tools menu and access the SISCO File Transfer Utility.
2. Select the Remote AR Name from the drop-down list. Available files appear in the File Specification area on the right
side of the window.
3. With the Copy option active, select a file to transfer and click the Go button. The file is copied and displays in the Local
list on the left side of the window.
4. Repeat the process to transfer any other files.
Figure 5-39: File transfer by IEC 61850
5.3.4.13 Web server HTTP protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  WEB SERVER HTTP PROTOCOL
 WEB SERVER HTTP TCP PORT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
 HTTP PROTOCOL  NUMBER(80): 80
The D30 contains an embedded web server and can display pages in a web browser. The web pages are organized as a
series of menus that can be accessed starting at the D30 “Main Menu.” Web pages are read-only and are available
showing DNP and IEC 60870-5-104 points lists, Modbus registers, event records, fault reports, and so on. First connect the
D30 and a computer to an Ethernet network, then enter the IP address of the D30 Ethernet port in a web browser.
To close the port, set the port number to 0. The change takes effect when the D30 is restarted.

Figure 5-40: Example of UR web page showing event records
those protocols.
5 5.3.4.14 TFTP protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  TFTP PROTOCOL
 TFTP PROTOCOL TFTP MAIN UDP PORT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
  NUMBER(69): 69
TFTP DATA UDP PORT 1 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 NUMBER: 0
TFTP DATA UDP PORT 2 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 NUMBER: 0
The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) can be used to transfer files from the D30 over a network. The D30 operates as a
TFTP server. TFTP client software is available from various sources, including Microsoft Windows NT. The dir.txt file obtained
from the D30 contains a list and description of all available files, for example event records and oscillography.
The "put" function is not for security reasons. You can enter a "get" command but not a "put" command.
TFTP MAIN UDP PORT NUMBER — To close the port, set the port number to 0. The change takes effect when the D30 is
restarted.
those protocols.
5.3.4.15 IEC 60870-5-104 protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL
 IEC 60870-5-104 IEC TCP PORT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
 PROTOCOL  NUMBER: 2404
 IEC NETWORK See below

  CLIENT ADDRESSES

IEC COMMON ADDRESS Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 OF ASDU: 0
IEC CYCLIC DATA Range: 1 to 65535 s in steps of 1

 PERIOD: 60 s
IEC CURRENT DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 THRESHOLD: 30000
IEC VOLTAGE DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

IEC POWER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

IEC ENERGY DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

IEC PF DEFAULT Range: 0.00 to 1.00

 THRESHOLD: 1.00
IEC OTHER DEFAULT Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

IEC REDUNDANCY Range: No, Yes

 ENABLED: No
IEC 60870-5-104 is a transmission protocol for network access, specifically for communication between a control station
and substation over a TCP/IP network.
The D30 supports the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol. This protocol is enabled when the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP 
COMMUNICATIONS  PROTOCOL setting is set to IEC 60870-5-104. The D30 can be used as an IEC 60870-5-104 slave device
connected to a maximum of two masters (usually either an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the D30 maintains two
sets of IEC 60870-5-104 data change buffers, ideally no more than two masters actively communicate with the D30 at one
5
time.
The IEC ------- DEFAULT THRESHOLD settings are used to determine when to trigger spontaneous responses containing
M_ME_NC_1 analog data. These settings group the D30 analog data into types: current, voltage, power, energy, and other.
Each setting represents the default threshold value for all M_ME_NC_1 analog points of that type. For example, to trigger
spontaneous responses from the D30 when any current values change by 15 A, the IEC CURRENT DEFAULT THRESHOLD
setting is set to 15. Note that these settings are the default values of the deadbands. P_ME_NC_1 (parameter of measured
value, short floating point value) points can be used to change threshold values, from the default, for each individual
M_ME_NC_1 analog point. Whenever power is removed and re-applied to the D30, the default thresholds are in effect.
The IEC REDUNDANCY setting decides whether multiple client connections are accepted or not. If redundancy is set to Yes,
two simultaneous connections can be active at any given time.
IEC TCP PORT NUMBER — To close the port, set the port number to 0. The change takes effect when the D30 is restarted.
The D30 relay does not support energy metering. As such, the IEC ENERGY DEFAULT THRESHOLD setting is not
applicable.
those protocols.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL  IEC NETWORK CLIENT
ADDRESSES
 IEC NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESS 1: Range: standard IPV4 address format
 CLIENT ADDRESSES  0.0.0.0

CLIENT ADDRESS 5: Range: standard IPV4 address format
 0.0.0.0

The D30 can specify a maximum of five clients for its IEC 104 connections. These are IP addresses for the controllers to
which the D30 can connect. A maximum of two simultaneous connections are supported at any given time.
5.3.4.16 IEC 60870-5-103 protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IEC 60870-5-103
 IEC103 IEC103 COMMON Range: 0 to 254 in steps of 1
 PROTOCOL  ADDRESS OF ASDU: 0
IEC103 SYNC TIMEOUT: Range: 1 to 1440 min in steps of 1

 1
 IEC103 INPUTS See below

  BINARY
 IEC103 INPUTS See below

  MEASURANDS
 IEC103 COMMANDS See below

 
The D30 is provided with optional IEC 60870-5-103 communications capability. This feature is specified as a
software option at the time of ordering. See the Order Codes section in chapter 2 for details.
IEC 60870-5-103 is a companion standard to the IEC 60870-5 suite of standards for transmission protocols. It defines
messages and procedures for interoperability between protection equipment and devices of a control system in a
substation for communicating on a serial line.
5 The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is enabled when the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  PROTOCOL setting
is set to IEC 60870-5-103.
The IEC 60870-5-103 is an unbalanced (master-slave) protocol for coded-bit serial communication, exchanging
information with a control system. In the context of this protocol, the protection equipment is the slave and the control
system is the master. The communication is based on a point-to-point principle. The master must be able to interpret the
IEC 60870-5-103 communication messages.
The UR implementation of IEC 60870-5-103 consists of the following functions:
• Report binary inputs
• Report analog values (measurands)
• Commands
• Time synchronization
The RS485 port supports IEC 60870-5-103.
The UR Family Communications Guide contains more information on the protocol.
IEC103 COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU — This setting uniquely defines this D30 on the serial line. Select an ID between 0 and
254. This ID does not need to be in sequential order for all stations that communicate with a controller, but it is
recommended. Note that RS485 only allows a maximum of 32 slave stations on a communication line, so the entire range
of 254 addresses is never exhausted.
IEC103 SYNC TIMEOUT — This setting defines the time that the D30 waits for a synchronization message. The D30
synchronizes its clock using all available sources, with the source synching more frequently overwriting the time of the
other sources. Since the synchronization message received from the IEC 60870-5-103 master is less frequent than IRIG-B,
PTP, or SNTP, its time is overwritten by these three sources, if any of them is active. If the synchronization timeout occurs
and none of IRIG-B, PTP, or SNTP is active, the D30 sets the invalid bit in the time stamp of a time-tagged message.
The settings for the remaining menus are outlined as follows.
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IEC 60870-5-103  IEC103 INPUTS BINARY
 IEC103 INPUTS  POINT 0 See below
 BINARY  

 POINT 1 See below

 

 POINT 95 See below
 
 POINT 0 POINT 0 FUN Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

  0
POINT 0 INF Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
POINT 0 Input Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

 POINT 95 POINT 95 FUN Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1
  0
POINT 95 INF Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
POINT 95 Input Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
The binary input points are mapped using elements from a list of possible FlexLogic operands. A maximum of 96 binary
inputs (points) can be mapped this way.
The IEC 60870-5-103 point list always starts with point 0 and ends at the first "Off" value. Since the IEC 60870-5-103 point
5
list must be in a continuous block, any points assigned after the first "Off" point are ignored.
For each defined point, set appropriate values for the Function Type (FUN) and Information Number (INF), which form the
Information Object Identifier field of the ASDU, as defined in IEC 60870-5-103.
The binary input points are sent as Class 1 data. They are sent either as a response to a general interrogation received
from the controller or reported spontaneously. Spontaneous transmission occurs as a response to cyclic Class 2 requests.
If the D30 wants to transmit Class 1 data at that time, it demands access for Class 1 data transmission (ACD=1 in the
control field of the response).
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IEC 60870-5-103  IEC103 INPUTS MEASURANDS

 IEC103 INPUTS  ASDU 1 See below
 MEASURANDS  

 ASDU 4
 
 ASDU 1 ASDU 1 TYP: Range: 3 or 9

  9
ASDU 1 FUN: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
ASDU 1 INF: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
ASDU 1 SCAN TOUT: Range: 0 to 1000 s in steps of 1

 0

ASDU 1 ANALOG 1 Range: FlexAnalog parameter

 Off
ASDU 1 ANALOG 1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 in steps of 0.001

 FACTOR: 1.000
ASDU 1 ANALOG 1 Range: -32768 to 32767 in steps of 1

 OFFSET: 0

 Off

 FACTOR: 1.000

 OFFSET: 0

 ASDU 4 ASDU 4 TYP: Range: 3 or 9
  9
ASDU 4 FUN: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
ASDU 4 INF: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
ASDU 4 SCAN TOUT: Range: 0 to 1000 s in steps of 1

 0
5  ASDU 4 ANALOG 1
Off
Range: FlexAnalog parameter

 FACTOR: 1.000

 OFFSET: 0

 Off

 FACTOR: 1.000

 OFFSET: 0
The configuration menu allows a maximum of four ASDUs containing measurands.

Measurands are sent as a response to Class 2 requests, which are cyclic requests coming from the master.
TYPE IDENTIFICATION (TYP) — The configuration field TYP indicates how many measurands are present in the corresponding
ASDU. Each ASDU can take either 4 or 9 measurands maximum, depending on the type identification (3 respectively 9).
FUNCTION TYPE (FUN) and INFORMATION NUMBER (INF) — These two fields form the Information Object Identifier of the ASDU
as defined in IEC 60870-103.
SCAN TIMEOUT (SCAN TOUT) — This is the cyclic period used by the D30 to decide when a measurand ASDU is included in a
response. The measurand is sent as response to a Class 2 request when the corresponding timeout expires. The default
value 0 means 500 ms.
ANALOG # — This field contains the actual measurand to be sent in the response to the master. The measurands can be
mapped using elements from a list of FlexAnalog operands. The measurands sent are voltage, current, power, power
factor, and frequency. If any other FlexAnalog is chosen, the D30 sends 0 instead of its value. Note that the power is
transmitted in KW, not W. Measurands are transmitted as ASDU 3 or ASDU 9 (type identification value set to measurands I,
respectively measurands II).

Each IEC 60870-5-103 measurands list ends at the first unconfigured ("Off") value. Any measurand assigned after the first
"Off" value is ignored.
At least one measurand per ASDU must be configured in order to configure the following ASDU. For example, the user can
configure only one measurand for each ASDU, but the user is not allowed to skip ASDU 2 and configure measurands in
ASDU 3.
ANALOG # FACTOR and OFFSET — For each measurand included in the ASDU, a factor and offset also can be configured. The
factor and offset allow for scaling to be performed on measurands. The final measurement sent to the IEC 60870-103
master is then "a*x + b," where x is the measurand, a is the multiplying factor and b is the offset. The master has to perform
the reversed operation in order to retrieve the actual value if such scaling is done. By default a = 1 and b = 0, so no scaling
is done if these values are left at their defaults. Examples of when scaling is appropriate are as follows:
• If the measured value contains decimals and it is important to preserve the resolution. Since the format for
transmitting the measurand does not permit decimals, a factor a>1 can be applied before transmission. For example,
a frequency F=59.9Hz can be transmitted as Ft = 10 * F = 10 * 59.9 = 599. In this case a = 10, b = 0. The master receives
599 and has to divide by 10 to retrieve the real value 59.9.
• If the measured value is larger than what fits in the format defined in IEC 103. The format defined in the standard
allows for signed integers up to 4095. By offsetting, unsigned integers up to 4096 + 4095 = 8191 are supported.
Scaling using factors <1 can be required in such cases. The calculation is outlined in the IEC 60870-5-103 chapter of
the UR Family Communications Guide. Two examples follow, where you decide factors a and b.
Example 1: Nominal power Pn = 100 MW = 100000 KW (power is transmitted in KW)
Since P can be both positive and negative:
Transmitted power Pt = (4095/(Pn*2.4)) * P = (4095/(100000 * 2.4) ) * P
= 0.017 * P
a = 0.017
b=0 5
Pt = 0.017 * P
For a max power 100000 KW * 2.4 = 240000 KW, we transmit
Pt = 0.017 * 240000 = 4080
A value above 240 MW is indicated by overflow.
Example 2: Nominal voltage Vn = 500000 V

Since RMS voltage V can be only positive:
Transmitted voltage Vt = (8191/(Vn*2.4)) * V - 4096 =
= (8191/(500000 * 2.4) ) * V - 4096 = 0.0068 * V - 4096
a = 0.0068
Since the step is in increments of 0.001, we round it at:
a = 0.006
b = -4096
Vt = 0.006 * V - 4096
For max voltage 500000 V * 2.4 = 1200000 V, we transmit
Vt = 0.006 * 1200000 - 4096 = 7200 - 4096 = 3104
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IEC 60870-5-103  IEC103 COMMANDS

 IEC103 COMMANDS  COMMAND 0 See below
  
 COMMAND 1
 


 COMMAND 31
 
 COMMAND 0 COMMAND 0 FUN: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

  0
COMMAND 0 INF: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
COMMAND 0 ON: Range: Virtual input

 Off
COMMAND 0 OFF: Range: Virtual input

 Off

 COMMAND 31 COMMAND 31 FUN: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1
  0
COMMAND 31 INF: Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 0
COMMAND 31 ON: Range: Virtual input

 Off
COMMAND 31 OFF: Range: Virtual input

 Off
Commands are received as General Command (Type Identification 20). The user can configure the action to perform when
5 an ASDU command comes.
A list of available mappings is provided on the D30. This includes 64 virtual inputs (see the following table). The ON and OFF
for the same ASDU command can be mapped to different virtual inputs.
Each command is identified by the unique combination made by the function type (FUN) and information number (INF). If
the master sends an ASDU command that does not have the FUN and INF of any configured command, the relay rejects it.
Table 5-12: Commands mapping table
Description Value
Off 0
Virtual Input 1 1
Virtual Input 2 2
... ...
Virtual Input 64 64
5.3.5 Modbus user map

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  MODBUS USER MAP
 MODBUS USER MAP ADDRESS 1: 0 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
  VALUE: 0

ADDRESS 256: 0 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
 VALUE: 0
The Modbus user map provides read-only access for up to 256 registers. To obtain a memory map value, enter the address
in the ADDRESS line (converted from hex to decimal format). The corresponding value (if programmed) displays in the VALUE
line. A value of “0” in subsequent register ADDRESS lines automatically returns values for the previous ADDRESS lines
incremented by 1. An address value of “0” in the initial register means “none” and values of “0” display for all registers.
Different ADDRESS values can be entered as required in any of the register positions.

The UR Family Communications Guide outlines the Modbus memory map. The map is also viewable in a web browser;
enter the IP address of the D30 in a web browser and click the option.
5.3.6 Real time clock
5.3.6.1 Menu
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  REAL TIME CLOCK
 REAL TIME SYNCRONIZING SOURCE: Range: None, PP/IRIG-B/PTP/Other, IRIG-B/PP/PTP/
 CLOCK  None Other, PP/PTP/IRIG-B/Other
REAL TIME CLOCK Range: Enabled, Disabled

 EVENTS: Disabled
IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE: Range: None, DC Shift, Amplitude Modulated

 None
 PRECISION TIME See below

  PROTOCOL (1588)
 SNTP PROTOCOL See below

 
 LOCAL TIME See below

 
The relay contains a real time clock (RTC) to create time stamps for communications protocols as well as for historical data,
such as event records and oscillography. When the relay restarts, the RTC initializes from an onboard battery-backed
clock, which has the same accuracy as an electronic watch, approximately ±1 minute per month (~23 ppm). Once the RTC
is synchronized with the Precision Time Protocol (PTP), IRIG-B, or SNTP, its accuracy approaches that of the synchronizing
5
time delivered to the relay. While the RTC is not synchronized via PTP or IRIG-B, or the relay determines that it has an offset
possibly greater than 10 µs from the international time standard, the CLOCK UNSYNCHRONIZED FlexLogic operand is
activated.
The SYNCHRONIZING SOURCE setting displays when the relay includes the IEEE 1588 software option. The setting configures
the priority sequence of the time synchronization source, to determine which of the available external time sources to use
for time synchronization. A setting of None causes the RTC and the synchrophasor clock to free-run, and the clock can be
changed from the front panel or from communications protocols. A setting of PP/IRIG-B/PTP/Other, IRIG-B/PP/PTP/Other, or
PP/PTP/IRIG-B/Other causes the relay to track the first source named that is enabled and operational, or free-run if none of
these are available. Here, PP means a time source that is strictly compliant with PP, PTP means a time source that is not
strictly compliant with PP, and Other means any less precise source (SNTP, IEC 103, IEC 104, Modbus, or DNP). When a time
source fails or recovers, the relay automatically transfers synchronization as required by this setting.
When the relay does not have the IEEE 1588 software option and this setting does not display, it uses IRIG-B when enabled
and operational, then failing that SNTP when configured and operational, and otherwise it free-runs unless the clock is
changed from the front panel or from communications protocols.
Setup for IRIG-B is illustrated in the Installation chapter.
For the Other protocols, whenever a time synchronization message is received through any of the active protocols, the D30
clock updates. However, given that IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-104, Modbus, and DNP are low-accuracy time
synchronization methods, avoid their use for synchronization when better accuracy time protocols, such as IRIG-B and PTP,
are active in the system. If IRIG-B or PTP is used to update the relay clock, the other protocols (such as SNTP) are not
allowed to update, even if active.
See the COMMANDS  SET DATE AND TIME menu section of this manual to manually set the RTC.
The REAL TIME CLOCK EVENTS setting allows changes to the date and/or time to be captured in the event record. The event
records the RTC time before the adjustment. A Date/Time Changed event is generated when:
• The real time clock changed from SNTP/PTP/IRIG-B and the time difference is more than one second
• The real time clock changed from the front panel or via Modbus register. The relay always generates this event
regardless of the time difference.

• The Daylight Saving Time (DST) setting gets enabled and the current relay time is already in the DST zone
• The real time clock enters or leaves DST
To enable IRIG-B synchronization, the input IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE must be set to DC Shift or Amplitude Modulated. IRIG-B
synchronization can be disabled by making this setting None.
To configure and enable PTP and/or SNTP, or to set local time parameters (for example time zone, daylight savings), use the
following sections.
5.3.6.2 Precision time protocol (1588)

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  REAL TIME CLOCK  PRECISION TIME PROTOCOL (1588)
 PRECISION TIME STRICT POWER Range: Enabled, Disabled
 PROTOCOL (1588)  PROFILE: Disabled
PTP DOMAIN NUMBER: Range: 0 to 255

 0
PTP VLAN PRIORITY: Range: 0 to 7

 4
PTP VLAN ID: Range: 0 to 4095

 0
 PTP PORT 1 See below

 
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  REAL TIME CLOCK  PRECISION TIME PROTOCOL (1588)  PTP PORT 1(3)
 PTP PORT 1 PORT 1 PTP FUNCTION: Range: Enabled, Disabled
5   Disabled
PORT 1 PATH DELAY Range: 0 to 60000 ns in steps of 1

 ADDER: 0 ns
PORT 1 PATH DELAY Range: –1000 to +1000 ns in steps of 1

 ASYMMETRY: 0 ns
The D30 is provided with optional Precision Time Protocol capability. This feature is specified as the IEEE 1588
software option at the time of ordering. See the Order Codes section in chapter 2 for details.
The D30 supports the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) specified in IEEE Std 1588 2008 using the Power Profile (PP) specified in
IEEE Std C37.238 2011. This enables the relay to synchronize to the international time standard over an Ethernet network
that implements PP.
The relay can be configured to operate on some PTP networks that are not strictly PP. Time accuracy can be less than
specified for a PP network. Tolerated deviations from strict PP include 1) missing declaration of PP compliance in the
messages, 2) connection to a network device that does not support the PTP peer delay mechanism, 3) jitter substantially
greater than 1 µs in received event messages, and 4) certain non-compliant announce and sync message update rates.
The relay implements PTP according to IEEE Std 1588 2008 and the equivalent IEC 61588:2009(E), sometimes referred to as
version 2 PTP. It does not support the previous version of the standard (version 1).
PTP is a protocol that allows multiple clocks in a network to synchronize with one another. It permits synchronization
accuracies better than 1 ns, but this requires that each and every component in the network achieve very high levels of
accuracy and a very high baud rate, faster than normally used for relay communications. When operating over a generic
Ethernet network, time error can amount to 1 ms or more. PP is a profile of PTP which specifies a limited subset of PTP
suitable for use in power system protection, control, automation, and data communication applications, and thereby
facilitates interoperability between different vendor’s clocks and switches. PP specifies a worst-case delivered time error of
less than 1 µs over a 16-hop network.

In a PTP system and in a PP system, the clocks automatically organize themselves into a master-slave synchronization
hierarchy with the “best” clock available making itself the "grandmaster" at the top of the hierarchy; all others make
themselves “slaves” and track the grandmaster. Typically the grandmaster clock receives its time from GPS satellites or
some other link to the international time standard. If the grandmaster fails, the next “best” clock available in the domain
assumes the grandmaster role. When a clock on start-up discovers that it is “better” than the present grandmaster, it
assumes the grandmaster role and the previous grandmaster reverts to slave. The D30 qualification mechanism accepts a
potential master clock as a new grandmaster, when in a four-second interval it has received three announce messages
from it, all better than the present grandmaster clock and better than any other announce in this interval.
Time messages issued by the grandmaster are delayed as they pass through the network both due to the finite speed of
the signal in the interconnecting fiber or wire, and due to processing delays in the Ethernet switches. Each clock and switch
implementing PP measures the propagation delay to each of its PP neighbors, and compensates for these delays in the
time received. Each network device implementing PP measures the processing delay it introduces in each time message
and compensates for this delay in the time it transmits. As a result, the time delivered to end-devices such as the UR are
virtually identical to the grandmaster time. If one of the network devices in the hierarchy does not fully implement PP, the
associated propagation delay and/or latency may not be compensated for, and the time received at the end-device can be
in error by more than 100 µs.
See the preceding Real Time Clock section for a description of when time values received via PTP are used to update the
relay’s real time clock.
The following settings are available for configuring the relay for PTP. The PTP menu displays only when the option was
purchased.
STRICT POWER PROFILE — Power profile (IEEE Std C37.238 2011) requires that the relay only select a power profile compliant
clock as a grandmaster, that the delivered time have worst-case error of ±1 µs, and that the peer delay mechanism be
implemented. With the strict power profile setting enabled, the relay only selects as master the clocks displaying the
IEEE_C37_238 identification codes. It uses a port only when the peer delay mechanism is operational. With the strict power
profile setting disabled, the relay uses clocks without the power profile identification when no power profile clocks are
present, and uses ports even if the peer delay mechanism is non-operational. This setting applies to all of the relay’s PTP
5
capable ports.
PTP DOMAIN NUMBER — Set this setting to the domain number of the grandmaster-capable clock(s) to be synchronized to. A
network can support multiple time distribution domains, each distinguished with a unique domain number. More
commonly, there is a single domain using the default domain number zero.
This setting applies to all of the relay’s PTP capable ports.
PTP VLAN PRIORITY — This setting selects the value of the priority field in the 802.1Q VLAN tag in request messages issued
by the relay’s peer delay mechanism. In compliance with PP the default VLAN priority is 4, but it is recommended that it be
set to 7 in accordance with PTP. Depending on the characteristics of the device to which the relay is linked directly, VLAN
Priority can have no effect.
This setting applies to all of the relay’s PTP capable ports.
PTP VLAN ID — This setting selects the value of the ID field in the 802.1Q VLAN tag in request messages issued by the relay’s
peer delay mechanism. It is provided in compliance with PP. As these messages have a destination address that indicates
they are not to be bridged, their VLAN ID serves no function, and so can be left at its default value. Depending on the
characteristics of the device to which the relay is linked directly, VLAN ID can have no effect. This setting applies to all of
the relay’s PTP capable ports.
PORT 1 ... 3 FUNCTION — While this port setting is selected to disabled, PTP is disabled on this port. The relay does not
generate or listen to PTP messages on this port.
PORT 1 ... 3 PATH DELAY ADDER — The time delivered by PTP is advanced by the time value in this setting prior to the time
being used to synchronize the relay’s real time clock. This is to compensate to the extent practical for time delivery delays
not compensated for in the network. In a fully compliant PP network, the peer delay and the processing delay mechanisms
compensate for all the delays between the grandmaster and the relay. In such networks, make this setting zero.
In networks containing one or more switches and/or clocks that do not implement both of these mechanisms, not all
delays are compensated, so the time of message arrival at the relay is later than the time indicated in the message. This
setting can be used to approximately compensate for this delay. However, as the relay is not aware of network switching

that dynamically changes the amount of uncompensated delay, there is no setting that always and completely corrects
for uncompensated delay. A setting can be chosen that reduces the worst-case error to half of the range between
minimum and maximum uncompensated delay, if these values are known.
PORT 1 ... 3 PATH DELAY ASSYMMETRY — This setting corresponds to “delayAsymmetry” in PTP, which is used by the peer delay
mechanism to compensate for any difference in the propagation delay between the two directions of a link. Except in
unusual cases, the two fibers are of essentially identical length and composition, so make this setting zero.
In unusual cases where the length of the link is different in different directions, set this setting to the number of
nanoseconds the Ethernet propagation delay to the relay is longer than the mean of path propagation delays to and from
the relay. For instance, if it is known say from the physical length of the fibers and the propagation speed in the fibers that
the delay from the relay to the Ethernet switch it is connected to is 9000 ns and that the delay from the switch to the relay
is 11000 ns, then the mean delay is 10000 ns, and the path delay asymmetry is 11000 - 10000 = +1000 ns.
5.3.6.3 SNTP protocol

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  REAL TIME CLOCK  SNTP PROTOCOL
 SNTP PROTOCOL SNTP FUNCTION: Range: Enabled, Disabled
  Disabled
SNTP SERVER IP ADDR: Range: standard IP address format

 0.0.0.0
SNTP UDP PORT Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

 NUMBER: 123
The D30 supports the Simple Network Time Protocol specified in RFC-2030. With SNTP, the D30 can obtain clock time over
an Ethernet network. The D30 acts as an SNTP client to receive time values from an SNTP/NTP server, usually a dedicated
5 product using a GPS receiver. UR family relays support unicast, broadcast, multicast, and anycast SNTP functionality.
The SNTP FUNCTION setting enables or disables the SNTP feature on the D30.
To use SNTP in unicast mode, set SNTP SERVER IP ADDR to the SNTP/NTP server IP address. Once this address is set and SNTP
FUNCTION is “Enabled,” the D30 attempts to obtain time values from the SNTP/NTP server. Since many time values are
obtained and averaged, it generally takes three to four minutes until the D30 clock is closely synchronized with the SNTP/
NTP server. It takes up to two minutes for the D30 to signal an SNTP self-test error if the server is offline.
To use SNTP in broadcast mode, set the SNTP SERVER IP ADDR setting to “0.0.0.0” and SNTP FUNCTION to “Enabled.” The D30
then listens to SNTP messages sent to the “all ones” broadcast address for the subnet. The D30 waits up to 18 minutes
(>1024 seconds) without receiving an SNTP broadcast message before signaling an SNTP self-test error.
The SNTP UDP PORT NUMBER is 123 for normal SNTP operation. The change takes effect when the D30 is restarted.
those protocols.
5.3.6.4 Local time

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  REAL TIME CLOCK  LOCAL TIME
 LOCAL TIME LOCAL TIME OFFSET Range: –24.0 to 24.0 hr in steps of 0.5
  FROM UTC: 0.0 hr
DAYLIGHT SAVINGS Range: Disabled, Enabled

 TIME: Disabled
DST START MONTH: Range: January to December (all months)

 January
DST START DAY: Range: Sunday to Saturday (all days of the week)
 Sunday
DST START DAY Range: First, Second, Third, Fourth, Last

 INSTANCE: First

DST START HOUR: Range: 0:00 to 23:00 in steps of one hour

 2:00
DST STOP MONTH: Range: January to December (all months)

 January
DST STOP DAY: Range: Sunday to Saturday (all days of the week)
 Sunday
DST STOP DAY Range: First, Second, Third, Fourth, Last

 INSTANCE: First
DST STOP HOUR: Range: 0:00 to 23:00 in steps of one hour

 2:00
The D30 maintains two times: local time and Universal Coordinated Time (UTC). Local time can be provided by IRIG-B
signals. UTC time is provided by SNTP servers.
The real-time clock (RTC) and time stamps reported in historical records and communication protocols can be incorrect if
the Local Time settings are not configured properly.
See the IRIG-B section in the Installation chapter for guidance on these settings when using an IRIG-B source that sets the
IRIG-B control bits according to IEEE Std 1344-1995.
LOCAL TIME OFFSET FROM UTC — Used to specify the local time zone offset from UTC (Greenwich Mean Time) in hours. Time
zones in the eastern hemisphere have positive values; time zones in the western hemisphere have negative values. A value
of zero causes the relay to use UTC for local time. This setting has two uses. When the system RTC is synchronized with a
communications protocol providing only local time or it is free-running, the offset setting is used to calculate UTC from the
local time these provide. When the RTC is synchronized with a communications protocol providing only UTC (such as PTP or
SNTP), the time offset setting is used to determine local time from the UTC provided. PTP
ALTERNATE_TIME_OFFSET_INDICATOR TLVs are not used to calculate local time.
DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME and DST — Can be used to allow the relay to follow the DST rules of the local time zone. Note that
5
when IRIG-B time synchronization is active, the local time in the IRIG-B signal contains any daylight savings time offset and
so the DST settings are ignored.
5.3.7 Fault reports

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  FAULT REPORTS  FAULT REPORT 1
 FAULT REPORT 1 FAULT REPORT 1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
  SOURCE: SRC 1
FAULT REPORT 1 TRIG: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 Range: 0.01 to 250.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 MAG: 3.00 Ω
FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 Range: 25 to 90° in steps of 1

 ANGLE: 75°
FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 Range: 0.01 to 650.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 MAG: 9.00 Ω
FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 Range: 25 to 90° in steps of 1

 ANGLE: 75°
FAULT REPORT 1 Z0M Range: 0.00 to 650.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 MAG: 0.00 Ω
FAULT REPORT 1 Z0M Range: 25 to 90° in steps of 1

 ANGLE: 0°
FAULT REPORT 1 LINE Range: km, miles

 LENGTH UNITS: km

FAULT REP 1 LENGTH Range: 0.0 to 2000.0 in steps of 0.1

 (km ): 100.0
FAULT REPORT 1 VT Range: None, I0, V0

 SUBSTITUTION: None
FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Range: 0.01 to 650.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 Z0 MAG: 2.00 Ω
FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Range: 25 to 90° in steps of 1

 Z0 ANGLE: 75°
FAULT REPORT 1 Z0M Range: 0.00 to 650.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 MAG: 0.00 Ω
The D30 relay supports one fault report and an associated fault locator per CT bank. The signal source and trigger
condition, as well as the characteristics of the line or feeder, are entered in this menu.
The fault report stores data, in non-volatile memory, pertinent to an event when triggered. The captured data contained in
the FaultReport.txt file includes:
• Fault report number
• Name of the relay, programmed by the user
• Firmware revision of the relay
• Date and time of trigger
• Name of trigger (specific operand)
• Line or feeder ID via the name of a configured signal source
• Active setting group at the time of trigger
5 • Pre-fault current and voltage phasors (two cycles before either a 50DD disturbance associated with fault report
source or the trigger operate). Once a disturbance is detected, pre-fault phasors hold for three seconds waiting for the
fault report trigger. If trigger does not occur within this time, the values are cleared to prepare for the next disturbance.
• Fault current and voltage phasors (one cycle after the trigger)
• Elements operated at the time of triggering
• Events — Nine before trigger and seven after trigger (only available via the relay web page)
• Fault duration times for each breaker (created by the breaker arcing current feature)
The captured data also includes the fault type, the distance to the fault location, distance to the fault location, fault loop
impedance, as well as the reclose shot number (when applicable). To include fault duration times in the fault report, enable
and configure the breaker arcing current feature for each of the breakers. Fault duration is reported on a per-phase basis.
The relay allows locating faults, including ground faults, from delta-connected VTs. In this case, the missing zero-sequence
voltage is substituted either by the externally provided neutral voltage (broken delta VT) connected to the auxiliary voltage
channel of a VT bank, or by the zero-sequence voltage approximated as a voltage drop developed by the zero-sequence
current, and user-provided zero-sequence equivalent impedance of the system behind the relay.
The trigger can be any FlexLogic operand, but in most applications it is expected to be the same operand, usually a virtual
output, that is used to drive an output relay to trip a breaker. To prevent the overwriting of fault events, do not use the
disturbance detector to trigger a fault report. A FAULT RPT TRIG event is automatically created when the report is triggered.
If a number of protection elements are ORed to create a fault report trigger, the first operation of any element causing the
OR gate output to become high triggers a fault report. However, If other elements operate during the fault and the first
operated element has not been reset (the OR gate output is still high), the fault report is not triggered again. Considering
the reset time of protection elements, there is very little chance that a fault report can be triggered twice in this manner. As
the fault report must capture a usable amount of pre and post-fault data, it cannot be triggered faster than every 20 ms.
Each fault report is stored as a file; the relay capacity is 15 files. A 16th trigger overwrites the oldest file.
The EnerVista software is required to view all captured data. The relay faceplate display can be used to view the date and
time of trigger, the fault type, the distance location of the fault, and the reclose shot number.

The FAULT REPORT 1 SOURCE setting selects the source for input currents and voltages and disturbance detection. For the
application of entirely parallel lines, the fault report can be programmed to apply compensation for the zero sequence
mutual coupling between parallel lines when calculating fault resistance and fault loop impedance. If this compensation is
required, the ground current (3I_0) from the parallel line must be connected to the ground input CT of the CT bank
configured under the FAULT REPORT 1 SOURCE with the same polarity as the phase current input configured in the same
source.
The FAULT 1 REPORT TRIG setting assigns the FlexLogic operand representing the protection element/elements requiring
operational fault location calculations. The distance to fault calculations are initiated by this signal. The FAULT REPORT 1 Z1
MAG, FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 MAG, and FAULT REPORT 1 Z0M MAG impedances are entered in secondary ohms.
For the application of entirely parallel lines, Z0M MAG/ANG is the mutual zero-sequence impedance for the whole line,
required to compensate the calculation of fault resistance and fault loop impedance.
The FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting is set to “None” if the relay is fed from wye-connected VTs. If delta-connected
VTs are used, and the relay is supplied with the neutral (3V0) voltage, this setting is set to “V0”. The method is still exact, as
the fault locator combines the line-to-line voltage measurements with the neutral voltage measurement to re-create the
line-to-ground voltages. See the ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  FAULT REPORTS menu for details. It is required to configure
the delta and neutral voltages under the source indicated as input for the fault report. Also, the relay checks if the auxiliary
signal configured is marked as “Vn” by the user (under VT setup) and inhibits the fault location if the auxiliary signal is
labeled differently.
If the broken-delta neutral voltage is not available to the relay, an approximation is possible by assuming the missing zero-
sequence voltage to be an inverted voltage drop produced by the zero-sequence current and the user-specified
equivalent zero-sequence system impedance behind the relay: V0 = –Z0 × I0. In order to enable this mode of operation, the
FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting is set to “I0”.
The FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 MAG and FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 ANGLE settings are used only when the VT SUBSTITUTION setting
value is “I0”. The magnitude is to be entered in secondary ohms. This impedance is an average system equivalent behind
the relay. It can be calculated as zero-sequence Thevenin impedance at the local bus with the protected line/feeder 5
disconnected. The method is accurate only if this setting matches perfectly the actual system impedance during the fault.
If the system exhibits too much variability, this approach is questionable and the fault location results for single-line-to-
ground faults is trusted accordingly. Keep in mind that grounding points in the vicinity of the installation impact the system
zero-sequence impedance (grounded loads, reactors, zig-zag transformers, shunt capacitor banks, and so on).
5.3.8 Oscillography
5.3.8.1 Menu
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  OSCILLOGRAPHY
 OSCILLOGRAPHY NUMBER OF RECORDS: Range: 1 to 64 in steps of 1
  5
TRIGGER MODE: Range: Automatic Overwrite, Protected

 Automatic Overwrite
TRIGGER POSITION: Range: 0 to 100% in steps of 1

 50%
TRIGGER SOURCE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AC INPUT WAVEFORMS: Range: Off; 8, 16, 32, 64 samples/cycle

 16 samples/cycle
 DIGITAL CHANNELS See below

 
 ANALOG CHANNELS See below

 

Oscillography records contain waveforms captured at the sampling rate as well as other relay data at the point of trigger.
Oscillography records are triggered by a programmable FlexLogic operand. Multiple oscillography records can be captured
simultaneously.
When EnerVista UR Setup creates a new settings file, a Smart defaults feature automatically enters a basic oscillography
configuration. The basic configuration changes the factory default values to make the number of samples per cycle 32,
adds a selection of digital and analog channels that are often of interest, and adds a FlexLogic equation to trigger
oscillography. Review and update this basic configuration as required for the application at hand.
The NUMBER OF RECORDS is selectable, but the number of cycles captured in a single record varies considerably based on
other factors, such as sample rate and the number of operational modules. There is a fixed amount of data storage for
oscillography; the more data captured, the less the number of cycles captured per record. See the ACTUAL VALUES 
RECORDS  OSCILLOGRAPHY menu to view the number of cycles captured per record. The following table provides sample
configurations with corresponding cycles/record. The minimum number of oscillographic records is three.
Table 5-13: Oscillography cycles/record example
Records CT/VTs Sample rate Digital Analog Cycles per
channels channels record
3 1 32 32 16 2399
3 1 64 32 16 1450
16 1 32 32 16 666
16 1 64 32 16 402
32 1 32 32 16 352
32 1 64 32 16 213
3 2 32 32 16 1516
5 3
16
2
2
64
32
32
32
16
16
851
421
TRIGGER MODE — A new record automatically overwrites an older record when TRIGGER MODE is set to “Automatic
Overwrite.”
TRIGGER POSITION — Set this to a percentage of the total buffer size (for example, 10%, 50%, 75%, and so on). A trigger
position of 25% consists of 25% pre- and 75% post-trigger data.
TRIGGER SOURCE — Always captured in oscillography and can be any FlexLogic parameter (element state, contact input,
virtual output, and so on). The relay sampling rate is 64 samples per cycle.
AC INPUT WAVEFORMS — Determines the sampling rate at which AC input signals (that is, current and voltage) are stored.
Reducing the sampling rate allows longer records to be stored. This setting has no effect on the internal sampling rate of
the relay, which is always 64 samples per cycle. That is, it has no effect on the fundamental calculations of the device.
When changes are made to the oscillography settings, all existing oscillography records are cleared.
5.3.8.2 Digital channels

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  OSCILLOGRAPHY  DIGITAL CHANNELS
 DIGITAL CHANNELS DIGITAL CHANNEL 1: Range: FlexLogic operand
  Off

DIGITAL CHANNEL 63: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
DIGITAL 1(63) CHANNEL — This setting selects the FlexLogic operand state recorded in an oscillography trace. The length of
each oscillography trace depends in part on the number of parameters selected here. Parameters set to “Off” are ignored.

5.3.8.3 Analog channels

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  OSCILLOGRAPHY  ANALOG CHANNELS
 ANALOG CHANNELS ANALOG CHANNEL 1: Range: Off, any FlexAnalog/actual value parameter
  Off See Appendix A for list

ANALOG CHANNEL 16: Range: Off, any FlexAnalog/actual value parameter
 Off See Appendix A for list
These settings select the metering actual value recorded in an oscillography trace. The length of each oscillography trace
depends in part on the number of parameters selected here. Parameters set to “Off” are ignored. The parameters available
in a given relay depend on
• the type of relay,
• the type and number of CT/VT hardware modules installed, and
• the type and number of analog input hardware modules installed
A list of all possible analog metering actual value parameters is presented in Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters. The
parameter index number shown in any of the tables is used to expedite the selection of the parameter on the relay display.
It can be time-consuming to scan through the list of parameters via the relay keypad and display — entering this number
via the relay keypad causes the corresponding parameter to display.
All eight CT/VT module channels are stored in the oscillography file. The CT/VT module channels are named as follows:
<slot_letter><terminal_number>—<I or V><phase A, B, or C, or 4th input>
The fourth current input in a bank is called IG, and the fourth voltage input in a bank is called VX. For example, F2-IB
designates the IB signal on terminal 2 of the CT/VT module in slot F.
If there are no CT/VT modules and analog input modules, no analog traces appear in the file; only the digital traces appear. 5
5.3.9 Data logger
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DATA LOGGER
 DATA LOGGER DATA LOGGER MODE: Range: Continuous, Trigger
  Continuous
DATA LOGGER TRIGGER: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
DATA LOGGER RATE: Range: 15 to 3600000 ms in steps of 1

 60000 msec
DATA LOGGER CHNL 1: Range: Off, any FlexAnalog/actual value parameter

 Off See Appendix A for list

DATA LOGGER CHNL 16: Range: Off, any FlexAnalog/actual value parameter
 Off See Appendix A for list
DATA LOGGER CONFIG: Range: Not applicable - shows computed data only
 0 CHNL x 0.0 DAYS
The data logger samples and records up to 16 analog parameters at a user-defined sampling rate. This recorded data can
be downloaded to EnerVista UR Setup and displayed with parameters on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis.
All data is stored in non-volatile memory, so the information is retained when power to the relay is lost.
For a fixed sampling rate, the data logger can be configured with a few channels over a long period or a larger number of
channels for a shorter period. The relay automatically partitions the available memory between the channels in use. The
following table outlines examples of storage capacities for a system frequency of 60 Hz.

Table 5-14: Data logger storage capacity example

Sampling rate Channels Days Storage capacity
15 ms 1 0.1 482 s
8 0.1 60 s
9 0.1 54 s
16 0.1 30 s
1000 ms 1 0.3 32729 s
8 0.1 4091 s
9 0.1 3637 s
16 0.1 2046 s
60000 ms 1 22.7 1963710 s
8 2.8 245460 s
9 2.5 218190 s
16 1.4 127230 s
3600000 ms 1 1362.1 117822600 s
8 170.2 14727600 s
9 151.3 13091400 s
Changing any setting affecting data logger operation clears data in the log.
5 DATA LOGGER MODE — This setting configures the mode in which the data logger operates. When set to “Continuous,” the
data logger actively records any configured channels at the rate as defined by the DATA LOGGER RATE. The data logger is
idle in this mode when no channels are configured. When set to “Trigger,” the data logger records any configured channels
at the instance of the rising edge of the DATA LOGGER TRIGGER source FlexLogic operand. The data logger ignores all
subsequent triggers and continues to record data until the active record is full. Once the data logger is full, a CLEAR DATA
LOGGER command is required to clear the data logger record before a new record can be started. Performing the CLEAR
DATA LOGGER command also stops the current record and resets the data logger to be ready for the next trigger.
DATA LOGGER TRIGGER — This setting selects the signal used to trigger the start of a new data logger record. Any FlexLogic
operand can be used as the trigger source. This setting only applies when the mode is set to “Trigger.”
DATA LOGGER RATE — This setting selects the time interval at which the actual value data is recorded.
DATA LOGGER CHNL 1(16) — This setting selects the metering actual value that is to be recorded in Channel 1(16) of the data
log. The parameters available in a given relay are dependent on: the type of relay, the type and number of CT/VT hardware
modules installed, and the type and number of Analog Input hardware modules installed. Upon startup, the relay
automatically prepares the parameter list. A list of all possible analog metering actual value parameters is shown in
Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters. The parameter index number shown in any of the tables is used to expedite the
selection of the parameter on the relay display. It can be time-consuming to scan through the list of parameters via the
relay keypad/display—entering this number via the relay keypad causes the corresponding parameter to display.
DATA LOGGER CONFIG — This display presents the total amount of time that the Data Logger can record the channels not
selected to “Off” without overwriting old data.
5.3.10 User-programmable LEDs
5.3.10.1 Menu
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS
 USER-PROGRAMMABLE  LED TEST See below
 LEDS  

 TRIP & ALARM LEDS See page 5-105

 

  LED 1

 USER-PROGRAMMABLE
  LED 48
The 48 amber LEDs on relay panels 2 and 3 can be customized to illuminate when a selected FlexLogic operand is in the
logic 1 state. The trip and alarm LEDs on panel 1 can also be customized in a similar manner. To ensure correct
functionality of all LEDs, an LED test feature is also provided.
5.3.10.2 LED test

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS  LED TEST
 LED TEST LED TEST FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled
  Disabled
LED TEST CONTROL: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
When enabled, the LED test can be initiated from any digital input or user-programmable condition, such as a user-
programmable pushbutton. The control operand is configured under the LED TEST CONTROL setting. The test covers all
LEDs, including the LEDs of the optional user-programmable pushbuttons.
The test consists of the following three stages:
1. All 62 LEDs on the relay are illuminated. This is a quick test to verify if any of the LEDs is “burned.” This stage lasts as
long as the control input is on, up to a maximum of 1 minute. After 1 minute, the test ends.
5
2. All the LEDs are turned off, and then one LED at a time turns on for 1 second, then back off. The test routine starts at
the top left panel, moving from the top to bottom of each LED column. This test checks for hardware failures that lead
to more than one LED being turned on from a single logic point. This stage can be interrupted at any time.
3. All the LEDs are turned on. One LED at a time turns off for 1 second, then back on. The test routine starts at the top left
panel moving from top to bottom of each column of the LEDs. This test checks for hardware failures that lead to more
than one LED being turned off from a single logic point. This stage can be interrupted at any time.
When testing is in progress, the LEDs are controlled by the test sequence, rather than the protection, control, and
monitoring features. However, the LED control mechanism accepts all the changes to LED states generated by the relay
and stores the actual LED states (on or off) in memory. When the test completes, the LEDs reflect the actual state resulting
from relay response during testing. The reset pushbutton does not clear any targets when the LED Test is in progress.
A dedicated FlexLogic operand, LED TEST IN PROGRESS, is set for the duration of the test. When the test sequence is initiated,
the LED TEST INITIATED event is stored in the event recorder.
The entire test procedure is user-controlled. In particular, stage 1 can last as long as necessary, and stages 2 and 3 can be
interrupted. The test responds to the position and rising edges of the control input defined by the LED TEST CONTROL
setting. The control pulses must last at least 250 ms to take effect. The following diagram explains how the test is
executed.

Figure 5-41: LED test sequence
Application example 1
Assume one needs to check if any of the LEDs is “burned” through user-programmable pushbutton 1. Apply the following
settings.
Configure user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following entries in the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-
PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS  USER PUSHBUTTON 1 menu. (The option does not display when not purchased.)
Configure the LED test to recognize user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following entries in the SETTINGS 
PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS  LED TEST menu:
LED TEST FUNCTION: “Enabled”
LED TEST CONTROL: “PUSHBUTTON 1 ON”
The test is initiated when the user-programmable pushbutton 1 is pressed. Keep the pushbutton pressed for as long as the
LEDs are being visually inspected. When finished, release the pushbutton. The relay then automatically starts stage 2. At
this point, test can be cancelled by pressing the pushbutton.
Assume one needs to check if any LEDs are “burned” as well as exercise one LED at a time to check for other failures. This
is to be performed via user-programmable pushbutton 1.
After applying the settings in application example 1, hold down the pushbutton as long as necessary to test all LEDs. When
finished, release the pushbutton so that the relay then automatically starts stage 2. When stage 2 is completed, stage 3
starts automatically. The test can be cancelled at any time by pressing the pushbutton.

5.3.10.3 Trip and alarm LEDs

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS  TRIP & ALARMS LEDS
 TRIP & ALARM LEDS TRIP LED INPUT: Range: FlexLogic operand
  Off
ALARM LED INPUT: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
The trip and alarm LEDs are in the first LED column (enhanced faceplate) and on LED panel 1 (standard faceplate). Each
indicator can be programmed to become illuminated when the selected FlexLogic operand is in the logic 1 state.
5.3.10.4 User-programmable LED 1(48)

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS  USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED 1(48)
 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED 1 OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic operand
 LED 1  Off
LED 1 TYPE: Range: Self-Reset, Latched

 Self-Reset
There are 48 amber LEDs across the relay faceplate LED panels. Each of these indicators can be programmed to illuminate
when the selected FlexLogic operand is in the logic 1 state.
For the standard faceplate, the LEDs are located as follows:
• LED Panel 2 — User-programmable LEDs 1 through 24
• LED Panel 3 — User programmable LEDs 25 through 48
For the enhanced faceplate, the LEDs are located as follows: 5
• LED column 2 — User-programmable LEDs 1 through 12
See the LED Indicators section in chapter 4 for information on the location of these indexed LEDs.
The user-programmable LED settings select the FlexLogic operands that control the LEDs. If the LED 1 TYPE setting is “Self-
Reset” (the default setting), the LED illumination tracks the state of the selected LED operand. If the LED 1 TYPE setting is
“Latched,” the LED, once lit, remains so until reset by the faceplate RESET button, from a remote device via a
communications channel, or from any programmed operand, even if the LED operand state de-asserts.
Table 5-15: Recommended settings for user-programmable LEDs
Setting Parameter Setting Parameter
LED 1 operand SETTING GROUP ACT 1 LED 13 operand Off
LED 2 operand SETTING GROUP ACT 2 LED 14 operand BREAKER 2 OPEN
LED 3 operand SETTING GROUP ACT 3 LED 15 operand BREAKER 2 CLOSED
LED 4 operand SETTING GROUP ACT 4 LED 16 operand BREAKER 2 TROUBLE
LED 5 operand SETTING GROUP ACT 5 LED 17 operand SYNC 1 SYNC OP
LED 6 operand SETTING GROUP ACT 6 LED 18 operand SYNC 2 SYNC OP
LED 7 operand Off LED 19 operand Off
LED 8 operand Off LED 20 operand Off
LED 9 operand BREAKER 1 OPEN LED 21 operand AR ENABLED
LED 10 operand BREAKER 1 CLOSED LED 22 operand AR DISABLED
LED 11 operand BREAKER 1 TROUBLE LED 23 operand AR RIP
LED 12 operand Off LED 24 operand AR LO

See the figure in the Setting Groups section of the Control Elements section later in this chapter for an example of group
activation.
5.3.11 User-programmable self tests

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMALBE SELF TESTS
 USER-PROGRAMMABLE DIRECT RING BREAK Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units equipped
 SELF TESTS  FUNCTION: Enabled with Direct Input/Output module.
DIRECT DEVICE OFF Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units equipped
 FUNCTION: Enabled with Direct Input/Output module.
RxGOOSE OFF Range: Disabled, Enabled

 FUNCTION: Enabled
FIRST ETHERNET FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

SEC. ETHERNET FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

THIRD ETHERNET FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

SFP MODULE FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

BATTERY FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

5  SNTP FAIL
FUNCTION: Enabled
IRIG-B FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

PTP FAIL Range: Disabled, Enabled

 FUNCTION: Enabled
All major self-test alarms are reported automatically with their corresponding FlexLogic operands, events, and targets.
Most of the minor alarms can be disabled if so wanted.
When in the Disabled mode, minor alarms do not assert a FlexLogic operand, write to the event recorder, or display target
messages. Moreover, they do not trigger the ANY MINOR ALARM or ANY SELF-TEST messages. When in Enabled mode,
minor alarms continue to function along with other major and minor alarms. See the Relay Self-tests section in chapter 7
for information on major and minor self-test alarms.
5.3.12 Control pushbuttons

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS  CONTROL PUSHBUTTON 1(7)
 CONTROL CONTROL PUSHBUTTN 1 ID Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
 PUSHBUTTON 1  CTRL PB 1
CONTROL PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

CONTROL PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

There are three standard control pushbuttons, labeled USER 1, USER 2, and USER 3, on the standard and enhanced front
panels. These are user-programmable and can be used for various applications such as performing an LED test, switching
setting groups, and invoking and scrolling though user-programmable displays.

Firmware revisions 3.2x and older use these three pushbuttons for manual breaker control. This functionality has been
retained—if the breaker control feature is configured to use the three pushbuttons, they cannot be used as user-
programmable control pushbuttons.
The location of the control pushbuttons are shown in the following figures.
Figure 5-42: Control pushbuttons (enhanced faceplate)
An additional four control pushbuttons are included on the standard faceplate when the D30 is ordered with the 12 user-
programmable pushbutton option.
Figure 5-43: Control pushbuttons (standard faceplate)
Control pushbuttons are not typically used for critical operations and are not protected by the control password. However,
by supervising their output operands, the user can dynamically enable or disable control pushbuttons for security reasons.
Each control pushbutton asserts its own FlexLogic operand. Each operand need to be configured appropriately to perform
the required function. Each operand remains asserted as long as the pushbutton is pressed and resets when the
pushbutton is released. A dropout delay of 100 ms is incorporated to ensure fast pushbutton manipulation is recognized
by various features that can use control pushbuttons as inputs.
An event is logged in the event record (as per user setting) when a control pushbutton is pressed. No event is logged when
the pushbutton is released. The faceplate keys (including control keys) cannot be operated simultaneously—a given key
must be released before the next one can be pressed.
The control pushbuttons become user-programmable only if the breaker control feature is not configured for manual
control via the USER 1 through 3 pushbuttons as shown. If configured for manual control, breaker control typically uses the
larger, optional user-programmable pushbuttons, making the control pushbuttons available for other user applications.

Figure 5-44: Control pushbutton logic
5.3.13 User-programmable pushbuttons

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS  USER PUSHBUTTON 1(16)
 USER PUSHBUTTON 1 PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Self-Reset, Latched, Disabled
  FUNCTION: Disabled
PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 USER PB 1
PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters


5 PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

PUSHBTN 1 HOLD: Range: 0.0 to 10.0 s in steps of 0.1
 0.0 s
PUSHBTN 1 SET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PUSHBTN 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST Range: 0.2 to 600.0 s in steps of 0.1

 DELAY: 1.0 s
PUSHBTN 1 REMOTE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT Range: 0 to 60.00 s in steps of 0.05

 TIME: 0.00 s
PUSHBTN 1 LED CTL: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE: Range: Disabled, Normal, High Priority

 Disabled
PUSHBUTTON 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled


The D30 is provided with this optional feature, specified as an option at the time of ordering. Using the order
code for your device, see the order codes in chapter 2 for details.
User-programmable pushbuttons provide an easy and error-free method of entering digital state (on, off) information. The
number of available pushbuttons is dependent on the faceplate module ordered with the relay.
• Type P faceplate: standard horizontal faceplate with 12 user-programmable pushbuttons
• Type Q faceplate: enhanced horizontal faceplate with 16 user-programmable pushbuttons
The digital state can be entered locally (by directly pressing the front panel pushbutton) or remotely (via FlexLogic
operands) into FlexLogic equations, protection elements, and control elements. Typical applications include breaker
control, autorecloser blocking, and setting groups changes. The user-programmable pushbuttons are under the control
level of password protection.
The figure shows user-configurable pushbuttons for the enhanced faceplate.
Figure 5-45: User-programmable pushbuttons (enhanced faceplate)
The following figure shows user-configurable pushbuttons for the standard faceplate.
Figure 5-46: User-programmable pushbuttons (standard faceplate)
5
Both the standard and enhanced faceplate pushbuttons can be custom labeled with a factory-provided template,
available online at http://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin. The EnerVista software can also be used to create labels for
the enhanced faceplate.
Each pushbutton asserts its own “On” and “Off” FlexLogic operands (for example, PUSHBUTTON 1 ON and PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF).
These operands are available for each pushbutton and are used to program specific actions. If any pushbutton is active,
the ANY PB ON operand is asserted.
Each pushbutton has an associated LED indicator. By default, this indicator displays the present status of the
corresponding pushbutton (on or off). However, each LED indicator can be assigned to any FlexLogic operand through the
PUSHBTN 1 LED CTL setting.
The pushbuttons can be automatically controlled by activating the operands assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET (for latched
and self-reset mode) and PUSHBTN 1 RESET (for latched mode only) settings. The pushbutton reset status is declared when
the PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF operand is asserted. The activation and deactivation of user-programmable pushbuttons is dependent
on whether latched or self-reset mode is programmed.
• Latched mode — In latched mode, a pushbutton can be set (activated) by asserting the operand assigned to the
PUSHBTN 1 SET setting or by directly pressing the associated front panel pushbutton. The pushbutton maintains the set
state until deactivated by the reset command or after a user-specified time delay. The state of each pushbutton is
stored in non-volatile memory and maintained through a loss of control power.
The pushbutton is reset (deactivated) in latched mode by asserting the operand assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 RESET
setting or by directly pressing the associated active front panel pushbutton.

It can also be programmed to reset automatically through the PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST and PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST DELAY
settings. These settings enable the autoreset timer and specify the associated time delay. The autoreset timer can be
used in select-before-operate (SBO) breaker control applications, where the command type (close/open) or breaker
location (feeder number) must be selected prior to command execution. The selection must reset automatically if
control is not executed within a specified time period.
• Self-reset mode — In self-reset mode, a pushbutton remains active for the time it is pressed (the pulse duration) plus
the dropout time specified in the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME setting. If the pushbutton is activated via FlexLogic, the
pulse duration is specified by the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME only. The time the operand remains assigned to the
PUSHBTN 1 SET setting has no effect on the pulse duration.
The pushbutton is reset (deactivated) in self-reset mode when the dropout delay specified in the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT
TIME setting expires.
The pulse duration of the remote set, remote reset, or local pushbutton must be at least 50 ms to operate the
pushbutton. This allows the user-programmable pushbuttons to properly operate during power cycling events and
various system disturbances that can cause transient assertion of the operating signals.
The local and remote operation of each user-programmable pushbutton can be inhibited through the PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL
and PUSHBTN 1 REMOTE settings, respectively. If local locking is applied, the pushbutton ignores set and reset commands
executed through the front panel pushbuttons. If remote locking is applied, the pushbutton ignores set and reset
commands executed through FlexLogic operands.
The locking functions are not applied to the autoreset feature. In this case, the inhibit function can be used in SBO control
operations to prevent the pushbutton function from being activated and ensuring “one-at-a-time” select operation.
The locking functions can also be used to prevent the accidental pressing of the front panel pushbuttons. The separate
inhibit of the local and remote operation simplifies the implementation of local/remote control supervision.
5 Pushbutton states can be logged by the event recorder and displayed as target messages. In latched mode, user-defined
messages can also be associated with each pushbutton and displayed when the pushbutton is on or changing to off.
PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION — This setting selects the characteristic of the pushbutton. If set to “Disabled,” the pushbutton is
not active and the corresponding FlexLogic operands (both “On” and “Off”) are de-asserted. If set to “Self-Reset,” the
control logic is activated by the pulse (longer than 100 ms) issued when the pushbutton is being physically pressed or
virtually pressed via a FlexLogic operand assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET setting.
When in “Self-Reset” mode and activated locally, the pushbutton control logic asserts the “On” corresponding FlexLogic
operand as long as the pushbutton is being physically pressed, and after being released the deactivation of the operand is
delayed by the drop out timer. The “Off” operand is asserted when the pushbutton element is deactivated. If the
pushbutton is activated remotely, the control logic of the pushbutton asserts the corresponding “On” FlexLogic operand
only for the time period specified by the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME setting.
If set to “Latched,” the control logic alternates the state of the corresponding FlexLogic operand between “On” and “Off” on
each button press or by virtually activating the pushbutton (assigning set and reset operands). When in the “Latched”
mode, the states of the FlexLogic operands are stored in a non-volatile memory. If power supply is lost, the correct state of
the pushbutton is retained upon subsequent power up of the relay.
PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT — This setting specifies the top 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is intended to
provide ID information of the pushbutton. See the User-definable Displays section for instructions on how to enter
alphanumeric characters from the keypad.
PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT — This setting specifies the bottom 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is
displayed when the pushbutton is in the “on” position. See the User-definable Displays section for instructions on entering
alphanumeric characters from the keypad.
PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT — This setting specifies the bottom 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is
displayed when the pushbutton is activated from the on to the off position and the PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION is “Latched.”
This message is not displayed when the PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION is “Self-reset” as the pushbutton operand status is
implied to be “Off” upon its release. The length of the “Off” message is configured with the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY
PROPERTIES  FLASH MESSAGE TIME setting.

PUSHBTN 1 HOLD — This setting specifies the time required for a pushbutton to be pressed before it is deemed active. This
timer is reset upon release of the pushbutton. Note that any pushbutton operation requires the pushbutton to be pressed a
minimum of 50 ms. This minimum time is required prior to activating the pushbutton hold timer.
PUSHBTN 1 SET — This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to operate the pushbutton element and to assert
PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand. The duration of the incoming set signal must be at least 100 ms.
PUSHBTN 1 RESET — This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to reset pushbutton element and to assert
PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF operand. This setting is applicable only if pushbutton is in latched mode. The duration of the incoming reset
signal must be at least 50 ms.
PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST — This setting enables the user-programmable pushbutton autoreset feature. This setting is applicable
only if the pushbutton is in the “Latched” mode.
PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST DELAY — This setting specifies the time delay for automatic reset of the pushbutton when in the
latched mode.
PUSHBTN 1 REMOTE — This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to inhibit pushbutton operation from the operand
assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET or PUSHBTN 1 RESET settings.
PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL — This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to inhibit pushbutton operation from the front panel
pushbuttons. This locking functionality is not applicable to pushbutton autoreset.
PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME — This setting applies only to “Self-Reset” mode and specifies the duration of the pushbutton
active status after the pushbutton has been released. When activated remotely, this setting specifies the entire activation
time of the pushbutton status; the length of time the operand remains on has no effect on the pulse duration. This setting
is required to set the duration of the pushbutton operating pulse.
PUSHBTN 1 LED CTL — This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to drive pushbutton LED. If this setting is “Off,” then
LED operation is directly linked to the PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand.
PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE — If pushbutton message is set to “High Priority,” the message programmed in the PUSHBTN 1 ID and
PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT settings are displayed undisturbed as long as PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand is asserted. The high priority
5
option is not applicable to the PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT setting.
This message can be temporary removed if any front panel keypad button is pressed. However, 10 seconds of keypad
inactivity restores the message if the PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand is still active.
If the PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE is set to “Normal,” the message programmed in the PUSHBTN 1 ID and PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT settings
are displayed as long as PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand is asserted, but not longer than time period specified by FLASH MESSAGE
TIME setting. After the flash time is expired, the default message or other active target message is displayed. The
instantaneous reset of the flash message is executed if any relay front panel button is pressed or any new target or
message becomes active.
The PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT setting is linked to PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF operand and displays in conjunction with PUSHBTN 1 ID only if
pushbutton element is in the “Latched” mode. The PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT message displays as “Normal” if the PUSHBTN 1
MESSAGE setting is “High Priority” or “Normal.”
PUSHBUTTON 1 EVENTS — If this setting is enabled, each pushbutton state change is logged as an event into the event
recorder.
The figures show the user-programmable pushbutton logic.

Figure 5-47: User-programmable pushbutton logic (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 5-48: User-programmable pushbutton logic (Sheet 2 of 2)
User-programmable pushbuttons require a type HP or HQ faceplate. If an HP or HQ type faceplate was ordered

separately, the relay order code must be changed to indicate the correct faceplate option. This can be done in the
EnerVista software with the Maintenance > Enable Pushbutton command.
5.3.14 Flex state parameters

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  FLEX STATE PARAMETERS
 FLEX STATE PARAMETER 1: Range: FlexLogic operand
 PARAMETERS  Off

PARAMETER 256: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
This feature provides a mechanism where any of 256 selected FlexLogic operand states can be used for efficient
monitoring. The feature allows user-customized access to the FlexLogic operand states in the relay. The state bits are
packed so that 16 states are readable in a single Modbus register. The state bits can be configured so that all states of
interest are available in a minimum number of Modbus registers.

The state bits can be read out in the “Flex States” register array beginning at Modbus address 0900h. Sixteen states are
packed into each register, with the lowest-numbered state in the lowest-order bit. Sixteen registers accommodate the 256
state bits.
5.3.15 User-definable displays

5.3.15.1 Menu
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
 USER-DEFINABLE INVOKE AND SCROLL: Range: FlexLogic operand
 DISPLAYS  Off
 USER DISPLAY 1 See below

 

 USER DISPLAY 16
 
This menu provides a mechanism for manually creating up to 16 user-defined information displays in a convenient
viewing sequence in the USER DISPLAY menu (between the TARGETS and ACTUAL VALUES top-level menus). The sub-menus
facilitate text entry and Modbus register data pointer options for defining the user display content.
Once programmed, the user-definable displays can be viewed in two ways.
• Keypad — Use the MENU key to select the USER DISPLAY menu item to access the first user-definable display (note that
only the programmed screens are displayed). The screens can be scrolled using the up and down arrow keys. The
5 display disappears after the default message time-out period specified by the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES
 DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT setting.
• User-programmable control input — The user-definable displays also respond to the INVOKE AND SCROLL setting. Any
FlexLogic operand (in particular, the user-programmable pushbutton operands), can be used to navigate the
programmed displays.
On the rising edge of the configured operand (such as when the pushbutton is pressed), the displays are invoked by
showing the last user-definable display shown during the previous activity. From this moment onward, the operand
acts exactly as the down key and allows scrolling through the configured displays. The last display wraps up to the
first one. The INVOKE AND SCROLL input and the down arrow key operate concurrently.
When the default timer expires (set by the DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT setting), the relay starts to cycle through the user
displays. The next activity of the INVOKE AND SCROLL input stops the cycling at the currently displayed user display, not
at the first user-defined display. The INVOKE AND SCROLL pulses must last for at least 250 ms to take effect.
5.3.15.2 User display 1(16)

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS  USER DISPLAY 1(16)
 USER DISPLAY 1 DISP 1 TOP LINE: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
 
DISP 1 BOTTOM LINE: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

DISP 1 ITEM 1: Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
 0

DISP 1 ITEM 5: Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
 0

Any existing system display can be automatically copied into an available user display by selecting the existing display and
pressing the ENTER key. The display then prompts with ADD TO USER DISPLAY LIST? After selecting “Yes,” a message
indicates that the selected display has been added to the user display list. When this type of entry occurs, the sub-menus
are automatically configured with the proper content—this content can be edited subsequently.
This menu is used to enter user-defined text and user-selected Modbus-registered data fields into the particular user
display. Each user display consists of two 20-character lines (top and bottom). The tilde (~) character is used to mark the
start of a data field – the length of the data field needs to be accounted for. Up to five separate data fields can be entered
in a user display – the nth tilde (~) refers to the nth item.
A user display can be entered from the faceplate keypad or the EnerVista interface (preferred for convenience). The
following procedure shows how to enter text characters in the top and bottom lines from the faceplate keypad:
1. Select the line to be edited.
2. Press the decimal key to enter text edit mode.
3. Use either VALUE key to scroll through the characters. A space is selected like a character.
4. Press the decimal key to advance the cursor to the next position.
5. Repeat step 3 and continue entering characters until the desired text is displayed.
6. The HELP key can be pressed at any time for context sensitive help information.
7. Press the ENTER key to store the new settings.
To enter a numerical value for any of the five items (the decimal form of the selected Modbus address) from the faceplate
keypad, use the number keypad. Use the value of “0” for any items not being used. Use the HELP key at any selected
system display (setting, actual value, or command) which has a Modbus address, to view the hexadecimal form of the
Modbus address, then manually convert it to decimal form before entering it (EnerVista usage conveniently facilitates this
conversion).
Use the MENU key to go to the user displays menu to view the user-defined content. The current user displays show in
sequence, changing every four seconds. While viewing a user display, press the ENTER key and then select the ‘Yes” option
5
to remove the display from the user display list. Use the MENU key again to exit the user displays menu.
An example of user display setup and result is shown as follows.
 USER DISPLAY 1 DISP 1 TOP LINE: Shows user-defined text with first tilde marker
  Current X ~ A
DISP 1 BOTTOM LINE: Shows user-defined text with second tilde marker
 Current Y ~ A
DISP 1 ITEM 1: Shows decimal form of user-selected Modbus register

 6016 address, corresponding to first tilde marker
DISP 1 ITEM 2: Shows decimal form of user-selected Modbus register

 6357 address, corresponding to second tilde marker
DISP 1 ITEM 3: This item is not being used. There is no corresponding

 0 tilde marker in top or bottom lines.

 0 tilde marker in top or bottom lines.

 0 tilde marker in top or bottom lines.
USER DISPLAYS Current X 0.850 Shows the resultant display content

 Current Y 0.327 A
If the parameters for the top line and the bottom line items have the same units, then the unit is displayed on the bottom
line only. The units are only displayed on both lines if the units specified both the top and bottom line items are different.

5.3.16 Direct inputs/outputs
5.3.16.1 Menu
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DIRECT I/O
 DIRECT I/O DIRECT OUTPUTS Range: 1 to 16 in steps of 1
  DEVICE ID: 1
DIRECT I/O CH1 RING Range: Yes, No

 CONFIGURATION: Yes
DIRECT I/O CH2 RING Range: Yes, No

 CONFIGURATION: Yes
DIRECT I/O DATA Range: 64 kbps, 128 kbps

 RATE: 64 kbps
DIRECT I/O CHANNEL Range: Disabled, Enabled

 CROSSOVER: Disabled
 CRC ALARM CH1 See page 5-121

 
 CRC ALARM CH2

 
 UNRETURNED See page 5-122

  MESSAGES ALARM CH1
 UNRETURNED

5  MESSAGES ALARM CH2
This option is available when an Inter-Relay Communications card is specified at the time of ordering (see the
Order Code tables). With the option, direct inputs/outputs display by default. When you enable the
teleprotection feature, direct I/O is not visible.
Direct inputs and outputs exchange status information (inputs and outputs) between UR-series relays connected directly
via type 7 digital communications cards. The mechanism is very similar to IEC 61850 GOOSE, except that communications
takes place over a non-switchable isolated network and is optimized for speed. On type 7 cards that support two channels,
direct output messages are sent from both channels simultaneously. This effectively sends direct output messages both
ways around a ring configuration. On type 7 cards that support one channel, direct output messages are sent only in one
direction. Messages are resent (forwarded) when it is determined that the message did not originate at the receiver.
Teleprotection inputs/outputs and direct inputs/outputs are mutually exclusive. As such, they cannot be used
simultaneously. Once teleprotection inputs and outputs are enabled, direct inputs and outputs are blocked, and
vice versa.
Direct output message timing is similar to GOOSE message timing. Integrity messages (with no state changes) are sent at
least every 1000 ms. Messages with state changes are sent within the main pass scanning the inputs and asserting the
outputs unless the communication channel bandwidth has been exceeded. Two self-tests are performed and signaled by
the following FlexLogic operands:
• DIRECT RING BREAK (direct input/output ring break). This FlexLogic operand indicates that direct output messages sent
from a UR-series relay are not being received back by the relay.
• DIRECT DEVICE 1 OFF to DIRECT DEVICE 16 OFF (direct device offline). These FlexLogic operands indicate that direct output
messages from at least one direct device are not being received.
Direct input and output settings are similar to remote input and output settings. The equivalent of the remote device name
strings for direct inputs and outputs is the DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID setting, which identifies the relay in all direct output
messages. All UR-series IEDs in a ring need to have unique numbers assigned. The IED ID is used to identify the sender of
the direct input and output message.

If the direct input and output scheme is configured to operate in a ring (DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION or DIRECT I/O
CH2 RING CONFIGURATION is “Yes”), all direct output messages are received back. If not, the direct input/output ring break
self-test is triggered. The self-test error is signaled by the DIRECT RING BREAK FlexLogic operand.
Select the DIRECT I/O DATA RATE to match the data capabilities of the communications channel. All IEDs communicating
over direct inputs and outputs must be set to the same data rate. UR-series IEDs equipped with dual-channel
communications cards apply the same data rate to both channels. Delivery time for direct input and output messages is
approximately 0.2 of a power system cycle at 128 kbps and 0.4 of a power system cycle at 64 kbps, per each "bridge."
Table 5-16: Direct input and output data rates
Module Supported data rates
2A, 2B 64 kbps
2E, 2F 64 kbps
2G, 2H 128 kbps
2I, 2J 64 kbps, 128 kbps
72, 73 64 kbps, 128 kbps
74, 75 64 kbps
76, 77 64 kbps
7A, 7B, 7C, 7D 64 kbps, 128 kbps
7E, 7F, 7G 64 kbps
7H, 7I, 7J, 7K 64 kbps, 128 kbps
7L, 7M, 7N, 7P, 7Q 64 kbps
7R, 7S 64 kbps
7T, 7W 64 kbps
5
The G.703 modules are fixed at 64 kbps. The DIRECT I/O DATA RATE setting is not applicable to these modules.
The DIRECT I/O CHANNEL CROSSOVER setting applies to a D30 with dual-channel communication cards and allows crossing
over messages from channel 1 to channel 2. This places all UR-series IEDs into one direct input and output network
regardless of the physical media of the two communication channels.
The following application examples illustrate the basic concepts for direct input and output configuration. See the Inputs
and Outputs section in this chapter for information on configuring FlexLogic operands (flags, bits) to be exchanged.
Example 1: Extending the input/output capabilities of a UR-series relay

Consider an application that requires additional quantities of contact inputs or output contacts or lines of programmable
logic that exceed the capabilities of a single UR-series chassis. The problem is solved by adding an extra UR-series IED,
such as the C30, to satisfy the additional input and output and programmable logic requirements. The two IEDs are
connected via single-channel digital communication cards as shown in the figure.
Figure 5-49: Input and output extension via direct inputs and outputs
In this application, apply the following settings. For UR-series IED 1:

DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: “1”

DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: “Yes”
DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: “128 kbps”
For UR-series IED 2:
DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: “128 kbps”
The message delivery time is about 0.2 of power cycle in both ways (at 128 kbps); that is, from device 1 to device 2, and
from device 2 to device 1. Different communications cards can be selected by the user for this back-to-back connection
(for example: fiber, G.703, or RS422).
Example 2: Interlocking busbar protection

A simple interlocking busbar protection scheme could be accomplished by sending a blocking signal from downstream
devices, say 2, 3, and 4, to the upstream device that monitors a single incomer of the busbar, as shown.
Figure 5-50: Sample interlocking busbar protection scheme
For increased reliability, a dual-ring configuration (shown as follows) is recommended for this application.
Figure 5-51: Interlocking bus protection scheme via direct inputs/outputs



Message delivery time is approximately 0.2 of power system cycle (at 128 kbps) times number of ‘bridges’ between the
origin and destination. Dual-ring configuration effectively reduces the maximum ‘communications distance’ by a factor of
two.
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps) if both rings are healthy:
IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle
If one ring is broken (say TX2-RX2) the delivery times are as follows:
A coordinating timer for this bus protection scheme could be selected to cover the worst case scenario (0.4 of a power
5
system cycle). Upon detecting a broken ring, the coordination time is adaptively increased to 0.6 of a power system cycle.
The complete application requires addressing a number of issues, such as failure of both the communications rings, failure
or out-of-service conditions of one of the relays, and so on. Self-monitoring flags of the direct inputs and outputs feature
primarily are used to address these concerns.
Example 3: Pilot-aided schemes

Consider the three-terminal line protection application shown.
Figure 5-52: Three-terminal line application
A permissive pilot-aided scheme can be implemented in a two-ring configuration, shown as follows (IEDs 1 and 2
constitute a first ring, while IEDs 2 and 3 constitute a second ring).

Figure 5-53: Single-channel open loop configuration

5 DIRECT I/O CH2 RING CONFIGURATION: “Yes”
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps):
In this scheme, IEDs 1 and 3 do not communicate directly. IED 2 must be configured to forward the messages as explained
in the Inputs and Outputs section. Implement a blocking pilot-aided scheme with more security and, ideally, faster
message delivery time. This is accomplished using a dual-ring configuration as shown here.
Figure 5-54: Dual-channel closed loop (dual-ring) configuration



In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps) if both the rings are healthy:
The two communications configurations can be applied to both permissive and blocking schemes. Take speed, reliability,
and cost into account when selecting the required architecture.
5.3.16.2 CRC alarm CH1(2)

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DIRECT I/O  CRC ALARM CH1(2)
 CRC ALARM CH1 CRC ALARM CH1 Range: Enabled, Disabled
CRC ALARM CH1 Range: 100 to 10000 in steps of 1

 MESSAGE COUNT: 600
CRC ALARM CH1 Range: 1 to 1000 in steps of 1

 THRESHOLD: 10
 CRC ALARM CH1

EVENTS: Disabled
Range: Enabled, Disabled 5
The D30 checks integrity of the incoming direct input and output messages using a 32-bit CRC. The CRC alarm function is
available for monitoring the communication medium noise by tracking the rate of messages failing the CRC check. The
monitoring function counts all incoming messages, including messages that failed the CRC check. A separate counter
adds up messages that failed the CRC check. When the failed CRC counter reaches the user-defined level specified by the
CRC ALARM CH1 THRESHOLD setting within the user-defined message count CRC ALARM 1 CH1 COUNT, the DIR IO CH1 CRC ALARM
FlexLogic operand is set.
When the total message counter reaches the user-defined maximum specified by the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT
setting, both the counters reset and the monitoring process is restarted.
Configure the operand to drive an output contact, user-programmable LED, or selected communication-based output.
Latching and acknowledging conditions—if required—are programmed accordingly.
The CRC alarm function is available on a per-channel basis. The total number of direct input and output messages that
failed the CRC check is available as the ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  DIRECT INPUTS  CRC FAIL COUNT CH1 actual value.
• Message count and length of the monitoring window — To monitor communications integrity, the relay sends 1
message per second (at 64 kbps) or 2 messages per second (128 kbps) even if there is no change in the direct outputs.
For example, setting the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT to “10000,” corresponds a time window of about 160 minutes
at 64 kbps and 80 minutes at 128 kbps. If the messages are sent faster as a result of direct outputs activity, the
monitoring time interval shortens. Take this into account when determining the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT
setting. For example, if the requirement is a maximum monitoring time interval of 10 minutes at 64 kbps, then the CRC
ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT is set to 10 × 60 × 1 = 600.
• Correlation of failed CRC and bit error rate (BER) — The CRC check can fail if one or more bits in a packet are
corrupted. Therefore, an exact correlation between the CRC fail rate and the BER is not possible. Under certain
assumptions an approximation can be made as follows. A direct input and output packet containing 20 bytes results
in 160 bits of data being sent and therefore, a transmission of 63 packets is equivalent to 10,000 bits. A BER of 10–4
implies 1 bit error for every 10000 bits sent or received. Assuming the best case of only 1 bit error in a failed packet,
having 1 failed packet for every 63 received is about equal to a BER of 10–4.

5.3.16.3 Unreturned messages alarm CH1(2)

SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  DIRECT I/O  UNRETURNED MESSAGES ALARM CH1(2)
 UNRETURNED UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 Range: Enabled, Disabled
 MESSAGES ALARM CH1  FUNCTION: Disabled
UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 Range: 100 to 10000 in steps of 1

 MESSAGE COUNT: 600
UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 Range: 1 to 1000 in steps of 1

 THRESHOLD: 10
UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 Range: Enabled, Disabled

The D30 checks integrity of the direct input and output communication ring by counting unreturned messages. In the ring
configuration, all messages originating at a given device should return within a pre-defined period of time. The unreturned
messages alarm function is available for monitoring the integrity of the communication ring by tracking the rate of
unreturned messages. This function counts all the outgoing messages and a separate counter adds the messages have
failed to return. When the unreturned messages counter reaches the user-definable level specified by the UNRET MSGS
ALARM CH1 THRESHOLD setting and within the user-defined message count UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 COUNT, the DIR IO CH1
UNRET ALM FlexLogic operand is set.
When the total message counter reaches the user-defined maximum specified by the UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 MESSAGE
COUNT setting, both the counters reset and the monitoring process is restarted.
Configure the operand to drive an output contact, user-programmable LED, or selected communication-based output.
Latching and acknowledging conditions, if required, are programmed accordingly.
The unreturned messages alarm function is available on a per-channel basis and is active only in the ring configuration.
5 The total number of unreturned input and output messages is available as the ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  DIRECT INPUTS
 UNRETURNED MSG COUNT CH1 actual value.
5.3.17 Teleprotection
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  TELEPROTECTION
 TELEPROTECTION TELEPROTECTION Range: Disabled, Enabled
NUMBER OF TERMINALS: Range: 2, 3

 2
NUMBER OF COMM Range: 1, 2

 CHANNELS: 1
LOCAL RELAY ID Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 NUMBER: 0
TERMINAL 1 RELAY ID Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 NUMBER: 0
TERMINAL 2 RELAY ID Range: 0 to 255 in steps of 1

 NUMBER: 0
This option is available when an Inter-Relay Communications card is specified at the time of ordering (see the
Order Code tables). With the option, direct inputs/outputs display by default. When you enable the
teleprotection feature, direct I/O is not visible.
Digital teleprotection transfers protection commands between two or three relays in a secure, fast, dependable, and
deterministic way. Possible applications are permissive or blocking pilot schemes and direct transfer trip (DTT).
Teleprotection can be applied over any analog or digital channels and any communications media, such as direct fiber,
copper wires, optical networks, or microwave radio links. A mixture of communication media is possible.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS REMOTE RESOURCES
Once teleprotection is enabled and the teleprotection input/outputs are configured, data packets are transmitted
continuously every 1/4 cycle (3/8 cycle if using C37.94 modules) from peer-to-peer. Security of communication channel
data is achieved by using CRC-32 on the data packet.
Teleprotection inputs/outputs and direct inputs/outputs are mutually exclusive. As such, they cannot be used
simultaneously. Once teleprotection inputs and outputs are enabled, direct inputs and outputs are blocked, and
vice versa.
NUMBER OF TERMINALS — Specifies whether the teleprotection system operates between two peers or three peers.
NUMBER OF CHANNELS — Specifies how many channels are used. If the NUMBER OF TERMINALS is “3” (three-terminal system),
set the NUMBER OF CHANNELS to “2.” For a two-terminal system, the NUMBER OF CHANNELS can set to “1” or “2” (redundant
channels).
LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER , TERMINAL 1 RELAY ID NUMBER , and TERMINAL 2 RELAY ID NUMBER — In installations that use
multiplexers or modems, it is desirable to ensure that the data used by the relays protecting a given line is from the correct
relays. The teleprotection function performs this check by reading the message ID sent by transmitting relays and
comparing it to the programmed ID in the receiving relay. This check is also used to block inputs if inadvertently set to
loopback mode or data is being received from a wrong relay by checking the ID on a received channel. If an incorrect ID is
found on a channel during normal operation, the TELEPROT CH1 ID FAIL or TELEPROT CH2 ID FAIL FlexLogic operand is set, driving the
event with the same name and blocking the teleprotection inputs. For commissioning purposes, the result of channel
identification is also shown in the STATUS  CHANNEL TESTS  VALIDITY OF CHANNEL CONFIGURATION actual value. The
default value of “0” for the LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER indicates that relay ID is not to be checked. On two- terminals two-
channel systems, the same LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER is transmitted over both channels; as such, only the TERMINAL 1 ID
NUMBER has to be programmed on the receiving end.
5.3.18 Installation 5
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  INSTALLATION
 INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS: Range: Not Programmed, Programmed
  Not Programmed
RELAY NAME: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 Relay-1
RELAY SETTINGS — To safeguard against the installation of a relay without any entered settings, the unit does not allow
signaling of any output relay until RELAY SETTINGS is set to "Programmed." This setting is "Not Programmed" by default. The
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED self-test error message displays until the relay is put into the "Programmed" state.
RELAY NAME — This setting allows the user to uniquely identify a relay. This name appears on generated reports.
5.4 Remote resources

5.4.1 Remote resources configuration
When the D30 is ordered with a process card module as a part of HardFiber system, an additional Remote Resources
menu tree is available in the EnerVista software to allow configuration of the HardFiber system.

REMOTE RESOURCES CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
Figure 5-55: Remote Resources configuration menu
The remote resources settings configure a D30 with a process bus module to work with HardFiber Bricks. Remote
resources configuration is only available through the EnerVista software, and is not available through the D30 front panel.
A Brick provides eight AC measurements, along with contact inputs, DC analog inputs, and contact outputs, to be the
remote interface to field equipment such as circuit breakers and transformers. The D30 with a process bus module has
access to all of the capabilities of up to eight Bricks. Remote resources settings configure the point-to-point connection
between specific fiber optic ports on the D30 process card and specific Brick. The relay is then configured to measure
5 specific currents, voltages and contact inputs from those Bricks, and to control specific outputs.
The configuration process for remote resources is straightforward and consists of the following steps.
• Configure the field units. This establishes the point-to-point connection between a specific port on the relay process
bus module, and a specific digital core on a specific Brick. This is a necessary first step in configuring a process bus
relay.
• Configure the AC banks. This sets the primary and secondary quantities and connections for currents and voltages. AC
bank configuration also provides a provision for redundant measurements for currents and voltages, a powerful
reliability improvement possible with process bus.
• Configure signal sources. This functionality of the D30 has not changed other than the requirement to use currents
and voltages established by AC bank configuration under the remote resources menu.
• Configure field contact inputs, field contact outputs, RTDs, and transducers as required for the application's
functionality. These inputs and outputs are the physical interface to circuit breakers, transformers, and other
equipment. They replace the traditional contact inputs and outputs located at the relay to virtually eliminate copper
wiring.
• Configure shared inputs and outputs as required for the application's functionality. Shared inputs and outputs are
distinct binary channels that provide high-speed protection quality signaling between relays through a Brick.
For additional information on how to configure a relay with a process bus module, see the HardFiber Process Bus System
Instruction Manual.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP
5.5 System setup

5.5.1 AC inputs
5.5.1.1 Current banks

SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  CURRENT BANK F1(F5)
 CURRENT BANK F1 PHASE CT F1 Range: 1 to 65000 A in steps of 1
  PRIMARY: 1 A
PHASE CT F1 Range: 1 A, 5 A
 SECONDARY: 1 A
GROUND CT F1 Range: 1 to 65000 A in steps of 1

 PRIMARY: 1 A
GROUND CT F1 Range: 1 A, 5 A
 SECONDARY: 1 A
Two banks of phase and ground CTs can be set, where the current banks are denoted in the following format (X represents
the module slot position letter):
Xa, where X = {F} and a = {1, 5}
See the Introduction to AC Sources section at the beginning of this chapter for details.
These settings are critical for all features that have settings dependent on current measurements. When the relay is
ordered, the CT module must be specified to include a standard or sensitive ground input. As the phase CTs are connected
in wye (star), the calculated phasor sum of the three phase currents (IA + IB + IC = neutral current = 3Io) is used as the input 5
for the neutral overcurrent elements. In addition, a zero-sequence (core balance) CT which senses current in all of the
circuit primary conductors, or a CT in a neutral grounding conductor can also be used. For this configuration, the ground
CT primary rating must be entered. To detect low level ground fault currents, the sensitive ground input can be used. In this
case, the sensitive ground CT primary rating must be entered. See chapter 3 for more details on CT connections.
Enter the rated CT primary current values. For both 1000:5 and 1000:1 CTs, the entry would be 1000. For correct operation,
the CT secondary rating must match the setting (which must also correspond to the specific CT connections used).
The following example illustrates how multiple CT inputs (current banks) are summed as one source current. Given the
following current banks:
• F1: CT bank with 500:1 ratio
• F5: CT bank with 1000:1 ratio
The following rule applies:
SRC1 = F1 + F5 Eq. 5-6
1 pu is the highest primary current. In this case, 1000 is entered and the secondary current from the 500:1 ratio CT is
adjusted to that created by a 1000:1 CT before summation. If a protection element is set up to act on SRC 1 currents, then
a pickup level of 1 pu operates on 1000 A primary.
The same rule applies for current sums from CTs with different secondary taps (5 A and 1 A).
5.5.1.2 Voltage banks

SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK F5
 VOLTAGE BANK F5 PHASE VT F5 Range: Wye, Delta
  CONNECTION: Wye
PHASE VT F5 Range: 25.0 to 240.0 V in steps of 0.1

 SECONDARY: 66.4 V
PHASE VT F5 Range: 1.00 to 24000.00 in steps of 0.01

 RATIO: 1.00 :1

SYSTEM SETUP CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
AUXILIARY VT F5 Range: Vn, Vag, Vbg, Vcg, Vab, Vbc, Vca

 CONNECTION: Vag
AUXILIARY VT F5 Range: 25.0 to 240.0 V in steps of 0.1

 SECONDARY: 66.4 V
AUXILIARY VT F5 Range: 1.00 to 24000.00 in steps of 0.01

 RATIO: 1.00 :1
One bank of phase/auxiliary VTs can be set, where voltage banks are denoted in the following format (X represents the
module slot position letter):
Xa, where X = {F} and a = {5}
See the Introduction to AC Sources section at the beginning of this chapter for details.
With VTs installed, the relay can perform voltage measurements as well as power calculations. Enter the PHASE VT F5
CONNECTION made to the system as “Wye” or “Delta.” An open-delta source VT connection is entered as “Delta.”
The nominal PHASE VT F5 SECONDARY voltage setting is the voltage across the relay input terminals when nominal
voltage is applied to the VT primary.
For example, on a system with a 13.8 kV nominal primary voltage and with a 14400:120 volt VT in a delta
connection, the secondary voltage is 115; that is, (13800 / 14400) × 120. For a wye connection, the voltage value
entered must be the phase to neutral voltage, which is 115 / = 66.4.
On a 14.4 kV system with a delta connection and a VT primary to secondary turns ratio of 14400:120, the voltage
value entered is 120; that is, 14400 / 120.
5 5.5.2 Power system

SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  POWER SYSTEM
 POWER SYSTEM NOMINAL FREQUENCY: Range: 25 to 60 Hz in steps of 1
  60 Hz
PHASE ROTATION: Range: ABC, ACB

 ABC
FREQUENCY AND PHASE Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 REFERENCE: SRC 1
FREQUENCYTRACKING: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Enabled
The power system NOMINAL FREQUENCY value is used as a default to set the digital sampling rate if the system frequency
cannot be measured from available signals. This can happen if the signals are not present or are heavily distorted. Before
reverting to the nominal frequency, the frequency tracking algorithm holds the last valid frequency measurement for a
safe period of time while waiting for the signals to reappear or for the distortions to decay.
The phase sequence of the power system is required to properly calculate sequence components and power parameters.
The PHASE ROTATION setting matches the power system phase sequence and informs the relay of the actual system phase
sequence, either ABC or ACB. CT and VT inputs on the relay, labeled as A, B, and C, must be connected to system phases A,
B, and C for correct operation.
The FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting determines which signal source is used (and hence which AC signal) for
phase angle reference. The AC signal used is prioritized based on the AC inputs configured for the signal source. Phase
voltages takes precedence, followed by auxiliary voltage, then phase currents, and finally ground current.
For three phase selection, phase A is used for angle referencing (VANGLE REF = VA), while Clarke transformation of the phase
signals is used for frequency metering and tracking (VFREQUENCY = (2VA - VB - VC) / 3) for better performance during fault,
open pole, and VT and CT fail conditions.
The phase reference and frequency tracking AC signals are selected based upon the source configuration, regardless of
whether or not a particular signal is actually applied to the relay.

Phase angle of the reference signal always displays zero degrees and all other phase angles are relative to this signal. If the
pre-selected reference signal is not measurable at a given time, the phase angles are not referenced.
The phase angle referencing is done via a phase locked loop, which can synchronize independent UR-series relays if they
have the same AC signal reference. This results in very precise correlation of phase angle indications between different UR-
series relays.
FREQUENCY TRACKING is set to “Disabled” only in unusual circumstances; consult GE Grid Solutions for special variable-
frequency applications.
The frequency tracking feature functions only when the D30 is in the “Programmed” mode. If the D30 is “Not
Programmed,” then metering values are available but can exhibit significant errors.
5.5.3 Signal sources

SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  SIGNAL SOURCES  SOURCE 1(2)
 SOURCE 1 SOURCE 1 NAME: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
  SRC 1
SOURCE 1 PHASE CT: Range: None, F1,... up to any 6 CTs. Only Phase CT
 None inputs are displayed.
SOURCE 1 GROUND CT: Range: None, F1,... up to any 6 CTs. Only Ground CT
 None inputs are displayed.
SOURCE 1 PHASE VT: Range: None, F5

 None Only phase voltage inputs are displayed 5
SOURCE 1 AUX VT: Range: None, F5
 None Only auxiliary voltage inputs are displayed
Identical menus are available for each source. The "SRC 1" text can be replaced by with a user-defined name appropriate
for the associated source.
The first letter in the source identifier represents the module slot position. The number directly following this letter
represents either the first bank of four channels (1, 2, 3, 4) called “1” or the second bank of four channels (5, 6, 7, 8) called
“5” in a particular CT/VT module. See the Introduction to AC Sources section at the beginning of this chapter for details.
It is possible to select the sum of all CT combinations. The first channel displayed is the CT to which all others are referred.
For example, the selection “F1+F5” indicates the sum of each phase from channels “F1” and “F5,” scaled to whichever CT
has the higher ratio. Selecting “None” hides the associated actual values.
The approach used to configure the AC sources consists of several steps; first step is to specify the information about each
CT and VT input. For CT inputs, this is the nominal primary and secondary current. For VTs, this is the connection type, ratio
and nominal secondary voltage. Once the inputs have been specified, the configuration for each source is entered,
including specifying which CTs are summed together.
5.5.3.1 User selection of AC parameters for comparator elements

CT/VT modules automatically calculate all current and voltage parameters from the available inputs. Users must select the
specific input parameters to be measured by every element in the relevant settings menu. The internal design of the
element specifies which type of parameter to use and provides a setting for source selection. In elements where the
parameter can be either fundamental or RMS magnitude, such as phase time overcurrent, two settings are provided. One
setting specifies the source, the second setting selects between fundamental phasor and RMS.
5.5.3.2 AC input actual values

The calculated parameters associated with the configured voltage and current inputs are displayed in the current and
voltage sections of actual values. Only the phasor quantities associated with the actual AC physical input channels display
here. All parameters contained within a configured source are displayed in the sources section of the actual values.

5.5.3.3 Disturbance detectors (internal)

The disturbance detector (ANSI 50DD) element is a sensitive current disturbance detector that detects any disturbance on
the protected system. The 50DD function is used directly in some elements in the relay, for example VT Fuse Failure
detector or Fault Report. It can also be used to supervise current-based elements to prevent maloperation as a result of
the wrong settings or external CT wiring problem. A disturbance detector is provided for each source.
The 50DD function responds to the changes in magnitude of the sequence currents. The disturbance detector logic is as
follows.
Figure 5-56: Disturbance detector logic
The disturbance detector responds to the change in currents of twice the current cut-off level. The default cut-off threshold
is 0.02 pu; thus by default the disturbance detector responds to a change of 0.04 pu. The metering sensitivity setting
(PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES  CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL) controls the sensitivity of the disturbance detector
accordingly.
5.5.3.4 Example for use of sources

An example of the use of sources is shown in the following figure. A relay can have the following hardware configuration:
This configuration can be used on a two-winding transformer, with one winding connected into a breaker-and-a-half
system. The following figure shows the arrangement of sources used to provide the functions required in this application,
and the CT/VT inputs that are used to provide the data.

Figure 5-57: Example of use of sources
Y LV D HV AUX
SRC 1 SRC 2 SRC 3
Phase CT M1 F1+F5 None
Ground CT M1 None None
Phase VT M5 None None
Aux VT None None U1
5.5.4 Breakers
SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  BREAKERS  BREAKER 1(2)
 BREAKER 1 BREAKER 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
BREAKER1 PUSH BUTTON Range: Disabled, Enabled

 CONTROL: Disabled
BREAKER 1 NAME: Range: up to six alphanumeric characters

 Bkr 1
BREAKER 1 MODE: Range: 3-Pole, 1-Pole

 3-Pole
BREAKER 1 OPEN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

BREAKER 1 BLK OPEN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 BLK CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 ΦA/3P CLSD: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 ΦA/3P OPND: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 ΦB CLOSED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 ΦB OPENED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 ΦC CLOSED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 ΦC OPENED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 TOPERATE: Range: 0 to 65535 s in steps of 1

 70 ms
BREAKER 1 EXT ALARM: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
5  BREAKER 1 ALARM
DELAY: 0.000 s
Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 TIME: 0.000 s
BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BREAKER 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
A description of the operation of the breaker control and status monitoring features is provided in chapter 4. Information to
program the settings is covered here. These features are provided for two or more breakers; a user can use only those
portions of the design relevant to a single breaker, which must be breaker 1.
The number of breaker control elements depends on the number of CT/VT modules specified with the D30. The following
settings are available for each breaker control element.
BREAKER 1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the operation of the breaker control feature.
BREAKER1 PUSH BUTTON CONTROL — Set to “Enable” to allow faceplate pushbutton operations.
BREAKER 1 NAME — Assign a user-defined name (up to six characters) to the breaker. This name is used in flash messages
related to breaker 1.
BREAKER 1 MODE — Selects “3-Pole” mode, where all breaker poles are operated simultaneously, or “1-Pole” mode where all
breaker poles are operated either independently or simultaneously.
BREAKER 1 OPEN — Selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to open breaker 1.
BREAKER 1 BLK OPEN — Selects an operand that prevents opening of the breaker. This setting can be used for select-before-
operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA.
BREAKER 1 CLOSE — Selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to close breaker 1.
BREAKER 1 BLK CLOSE — Selects an operand that prevents closing of the breaker. This setting can be used for select-before-
operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA.

BREAKER 1 ΦA/3P CLOSED — Selects an operand, usually a contact input connected to a breaker auxiliary position tracking
mechanism. This input is a normally-open 52/a status input to create a logic 1 when the breaker is closed. If the BREAKER 1
MODE setting is selected as “3-Pole,” this setting selects a single input as the operand used to track the breaker open or
closed position. If the mode is selected as “1-Pole,” the input mentioned is used to track phase A and the BREAKER 1 ΦB and
BREAKER 1 ΦC settings select operands to track phases B and C, respectively.
BREAKER 1 ΦA/3P OPND — Selects an operand, usually a contact input, that is a normally-closed 52/b status input to create
a logic 1 when the breaker is open. If a separate 52/b contact input is not available, then the inverted BREAKER 1 CLOSED status
signal can be used.
BREAKER 1 ΦB CLOSED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase B closed position as outlined for phase A.
BREAKER 1 ΦB OPENED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase B opened position as outlined for phase A.
BREAKER 1 ΦC CLOSED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase C closed position as outlined for phase A.
BREAKER 1 ΦC OPENED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase C opened position as outlined for phase A.
BREAKER 1 Toperate — This setting specifies the required interval to overcome transient disagreement between the 52/a
and 52/b auxiliary contacts during breaker operation. If transient disagreement still exists after this time has expired, the
BREAKER 1 BAD STATUS FlexLogic operand is asserted from alarm or blocking purposes.
BREAKER 1 EXT ALARM — This setting selects an operand, usually an external contact input, connected to a breaker alarm
reporting contact.
BREAKER 1 ALARM DELAY — This setting specifies the delay interval during which a disagreement of status among the three-
pole position tracking operands does not declare a pole disagreement. This allows for non-simultaneous operation of the
poles. 5
MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 TIME — This setting specifies the interval required to maintain setting changes in effect after an
operator has initiated a manual close command to operate a circuit breaker.
BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV — Selects an operand indicating that breaker 1 is out-of-service.

Figure 5-58: Dual breaker control logic (Sheet 1 of 2)
IEC 61850 functionality is permitted when the D30 is in “Programmed” mode and not in local control mode.

Figure 5-59: Dual breaker control logic (Sheet 2 of 2)
The breaker element has direct hard-coded connections to the IEC 61850 model as shown in the logic diagram. This allows
remote open/close operation of each breaker, using either CSWI or XCBR IEC 61850 logical nodes. IEC 61850 select-before-
operate functionality, local/remote switch functionality, along with blocking of open/close commands are provided. Note
that the dwell time for the IEC 61850 trip and close commands shown is one protection pass only. To maintain the close/
open command for a certain time, do so on the contact outputs using the "Seal-in" setting, in the Trip Output element, or in
FlexLogic.

5.5.5 Disconnect switches

SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  SWITCHES  SWITCH 1(8)
 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
SWITCH 1 NAME: Range: up to six alphanumeric characters

 SW 1
SWITCH 1 MODE: Range: 3-Pole, 1-Pole

 3-Pole
SWITCH 1 OPEN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 BLK OPEN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 BLK CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWTCH 1 ΦA/3P CLSD: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWTCH 1 ΦA/3P OPND: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 ΦB CLOSED: Range: FlexLogic operand


5 Off
SWITCH 1 ΦB OPENED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 ΦC CLOSED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 ΦC OPENED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SWITCH 1 TOPERATE: Range: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1

 70 ms
SWITCH 1 ALARM Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
SWITCH 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The disconnect switch element contains the auxiliary logic for status and serves as the interface for opening and closing of
disconnect switches from SCADA or through the front panel interface. The disconnect switch element can be used to
create interlocking functionality. For greater security in determination of the switch pole position, both the 89/a and 89/b
auxiliary contacts are used with reporting of the discrepancy between them. The number of available disconnect switches
is four per breaker.
SWITCH 1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables operation of the disconnect switch element.
SWITCH 1 NAME — Assign a user-defined name (up to six characters) to the disconnect switch. This name is used in flash
messages related to disconnect switch 1.
SWITCH 1 MODE — This setting selects “3-Pole” mode, where disconnect switch poles have a single common auxiliary
switch, or “1-Pole” mode where each disconnect switch pole has its own auxiliary switch.
SWITCH 1 OPEN — This setting selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate a contact output to open
disconnect switch 1.
SWITCH 1 BLK OPEN — This setting selects an operand that prevents opening of the disconnect switch. This setting can be
used for select-before-operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA.

SWITCH 1 CLOSE — This setting selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate a contact output to close
disconnect switch 1.
SWITCH 1 BLK CLOSE — This setting selects an operand that prevents closing of the disconnect switch. This setting can be
used for select-before-operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA.
SWTCH 1 ΦA/3P CLSD — This setting selects an operand, usually a contact input connected to a disconnect switch auxiliary
position tracking mechanism. This input is a normally-open 89/a status input to create a logic 1 when the disconnect
switch is closed. If the SWITCH 1 MODE setting is selected as “3-Pole,” this setting selects a single input as the operand used
to track the disconnect switch open or closed position. If the mode is selected as “1-Pole,” the input mentioned is used to
track phase A and the SWITCH 1 ΦB and SWITCH 1 ΦC settings select operands to track phases B and C, respectively.
SWTCH 1 ΦA/3P OPND — This setting selects an operand, usually a contact input, that is a normally-closed 89/b status input
to create a logic 1 when the disconnect switch is open. If a separate 89/b contact input is not available, then an inverted
89/a status signal can be used.
SWITCH 1 ΦB CLOSED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase B closed position as outlined for phase A.
SWITCH 1 ΦB OPENED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase B opened position as outlined for phase A.
SWITCH 1 ΦC CLOSED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase C closed position as outlined for phase A.
SWITCH 1 ΦC OPENED — If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-
pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase C opened position as outlined for phase A.
SWITCH 1 TOPERATE — This setting specifies the required interval to overcome transient disagreement between the 89/a
and 89/b auxiliary contacts during disconnect switch operation. If transient disagreement still exists after this time has
expired, the SWITCH 1 BAD STATUS FlexLogic operand is asserted for alarm or blocking purposes.
SWITCH 1 ALARM DELAY — This setting specifies the delay interval during which a disagreement of status among the three-
5
pole position tracking operands do not declare a pole disagreement. This allows for non-simultaneous operation of the
poles.
IEC 61850 functionality is permitted when the D30 is in “Programmed” mode and not in local control mode.

Figure 5-60: Disconnect switch logic

The switch element has direct hard-coded connections to the IEC 61850 model as shown in the logic diagram. This allows
remote open/close operation of each switch, using either CSWI or XSWI IEC 61850 logical nodes. IEC 61850 select-before-
operate functionality, local/remote switch functionality, along with blocking open/close commands are provided. Note that
the dwell time for the IEC 61850 trip and close commands shown is one protection pass only. To maintain close/open
command for a certain time, do so either on the contact outputs using the "Seal-in" setting or in FlexLogic.
5.5.6 FlexCurves
5.5.6.1 Settings
SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  FLEXCURVES  FLEXCURE A(D)
 FLEXCURVE A FLEXCURVE A TIME AT Range: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1
  0.00 xPKP: 0 ms
FLEXCURVE A TIME AT Range: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1

 0.05 xPKP: 0 ms

FLEXCURVE A TIME AT Range: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1
 20.00xPKP: 0 ms
FlexCurves A through D have settings for entering times to reset and operate at the following pickup levels: 0.00 to 0.98
and 1.03 to 20.00. This data is converted into two continuous curves by linear interpolation between data points. To enter
a custom FlexCurve, enter the reset and operate times (using the VALUE keys) for each selected pickup point (using the
MESSAGE up/down keys) for the required protection curve (A, B, C, or D).
Table 5-17: FlexCurve table

5
Reset Time Reset Time Operate Time Operate Time Operate Time Operate Time
ms ms ms ms ms ms
0.00 0.68 1.03 2.9 4.9 10.5
0.05 0.70 1.05 3.0 5.0 11.0
0.10 0.72 1.1 3.1 5.1 11.5
0.15 0.74 1.2 3.2 5.2 12.0
0.20 0.76 1.3 3.3 5.3 12.5
0.25 0.78 1.4 3.4 5.4 13.0
0.30 0.80 1.5 3.5 5.5 13.5
0.35 0.82 1.6 3.6 5.6 14.0
0.40 0.84 1.7 3.7 5.7 14.5
0.45 0.86 1.8 3.8 5.8 15.0
0.48 0.88 1.9 3.9 5.9 15.5
0.50 0.90 2.0 4.0 6.0 16.0
0.52 0.91 2.1 4.1 6.5 16.5
0.54 0.92 2.2 4.2 7.0 17.0
0.56 0.93 2.3 4.3 7.5 17.5
0.58 0.94 2.4 4.4 8.0 18.0
0.60 0.95 2.5 4.5 8.5 18.5
0.62 0.96 2.6 4.6 9.0 19.0
0.64 0.97 2.7 4.7 9.5 19.5
0.66 0.98 2.8 4.8 10.0 20.0

The relay using a given FlexCurve applies linear approximation for times between the user-entered points. Take
care when setting the two points that are close to the multiple of pickup of 1; that is, 0.98 pu and 1.03 pu. It is
recommended to set the two times to a similar value, otherwise the linear approximation can result in undesired
behavior for the operating quantity that is close to 1.00 pu.
5.5.6.2 FlexCurve configuration with EnerVista software

The EnerVista software allows for easy configuration and management of FlexCurves and their associated data points.
Prospective FlexCurves can be configured from a selection of standard curves to provide the best approximate fit, then
specific data points can be edited afterwards. Alternately, curve data can be imported from a specified file (.csv format) by
selecting the EnerVista Import Data From setting (Settings > System Setup > FlexCurves > FlexCurve).
Curves and data can be exported, viewed, and cleared by clicking the appropriate buttons. FlexCurves are customized by
editing the operating time (ms) values at pre-defined per-unit current multiples. Note that the pickup multiples start at zero
(implying the "reset time"), operating time below pickup, and operating time above pickup.
5.5.6.3 Recloser curve editing

Recloser curve selection is special in that recloser curves can be shaped into a composite curve with a minimum response
time and a fixed time above a specified pickup multiples. There are 41 recloser curve types supported. These definite
operating times are useful to coordinate operating times, typically at higher currents and where upstream and
downstream protective devices have different operating characteristics. The recloser curve configuration window shown
here appears when the Initialize From setting in the EnerVista software is set to “Recloser Curve” and the Initialize
FlexCurve button is clicked.
Figure 5-61: Recloser curve initialization
The Multiplier and Adder settings only affect the curve portion of the characteristic and not the MRT and HCT
settings. The HCT settings override the MRT settings for multiples of pickup greater than the HCT ratio.
5.5.6.4 Example
A composite curve can be created from the GE_111 standard with MRT = 200 ms and HCT initially disabled and then
enabled at eight times pickup with an operating time of 30 ms. At approximately four times pickup, the curve operating
time is equal to the MRT and from then onwards the operating time remains at 200 ms.

Figure 5-62: Composite recloser curve with HCT disabled
With the HCT feature enabled, the operating time reduces to 30 ms for pickup multiples exceeding eight times pickup.
Figure 5-63: Composite recloser curve with HCT enabled
Configuring a composite curve with an increase in operating time at increased pickup multiples is not allowed. If
this is attempted, the EnerVista software generates an error message and discards the proposed changes.
5.5.6.5 Standard recloser curves

The following graphs display standard recloser curves available for the D30.

Figure 5-64: Recloser curves GE101 to GE106
5
Figure 5-65: Recloser curves GE113, GE120, GE138, and GE142

Figure 5-66: Recloser curves GE134, GE137, GE140, GE151, and GE201
5
Figure 5-67: Recloser curves GE131, GE141, GE152, and GE200

Figure 5-68: Recloser curves GE133, GE161, GE162, GE163, GE164, and GE165
5 Figure 5-69: Recloser curves GE116, GE117, GE118, GE132, GE136, and GE139

Figure 5-70: Recloser curves GE107, GE111, GE112, GE114, GE115, GE121, and GE122
5
Figure 5-71: Recloser curves GE119, GE135, and GE202

FLEXLOGIC CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
5.6 FlexLogic
5.6.1 FlexLogic operands
For flexibility, the arrangement of internal digital logic combines fixed and user-programmed parameters. Logic upon
which individual features are designed is fixed, and all other logic, from contact input signals through elements or
combinations of elements to contact outputs, is variable. The user has complete control of all variable logic through
FlexLogic. In general, the system receives analog and digital inputs that it uses to produce analog and digital outputs. The
figure shows major subsystems of a generic UR-series relay involved in this process.
Figure 5-72: UR architecture overview
The states of all digital signals used in the D30 are represented by flags (or FlexLogic operands, which are described later in
this section). A digital “1” is represented by a set flag. Any external contact change-of-state can be used to block an
element from operating, as an input to a control feature in a FlexLogic equation, or to operate a contact output. The state
of the contact input can be displayed locally or viewed remotely via the communications facilities provided. If a simple
scheme where a contact input is used to block an element is wanted, this selection is made when programming the
element. This capability also applies to the other features that set flags: elements, virtual inputs, remote inputs, schemes,
and human operators.
If more complex logic than shown in the figure is required, it is implemented via FlexLogic. For example, to have the closed
state of contact input H7a and the operated state of the phase undervoltage element block the operation of the phase
time overcurrent element, the two control input states are programmed in a FlexLogic equation. This equation ANDs the
two control inputs to produce a virtual output that is then selected when programming the phase time overcurrent to be
used as a blocking input. Virtual outputs can only be created by FlexLogic equations.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC
Traditionally, protective relay logic has been relatively limited. Any unusual applications involving interlocks, blocking, or
supervisory functions had to be hard-wired using contact inputs and outputs. FlexLogic minimizes the requirement for
auxiliary components and wiring while making more complex schemes possible.
The logic that determines the interaction of inputs, elements, schemes, and outputs is field-programmable through the use
of logic equations that are sequentially processed. The use of virtual inputs and outputs in addition to hardware is
available internally and on the communication ports for other relays to use (distributed FlexLogic).
FlexLogic allows users to customize the relay through a series of equations that consist of operators and operands. The
operands are the states of inputs, elements, schemes, and outputs. The operators are logic gates, timers, and latches (with
set and reset inputs). A system of sequential operations allows any combination of operands to be assigned as inputs to
specified operators to create an output. The final output of an equation is a numbered register called a virtual output.
Virtual outputs can be used as an input operand in any equation, including the equation that generates the output, as a
seal-in or other type of feedback.
A FlexLogic equation consists of parameters that are either operands or operators. Operands have a logic state of 1 or 0.
Operators provide a defined function, such as an AND gate or a Timer. Each equation defines the combinations of
parameters to be used to set a Virtual Output flag. Evaluation of an equation results in either a 1 (=ON, or flag set) or 0
(=OFF, or flag not set). Each equation is evaluated at least four times every power system cycle.
Some types of operands are present in the relay in multiple instances, for example contact and remote inputs. These types
of operands are grouped together (for presentation purposes only) on the faceplate display. The table lists characteristics
of the different types of operands.
Table 5-18: D30 FlexLogic operand types
Operand type State Example of format Characteristics
[Input Is ‘1’ (= ON) if...]
Contact Input On Cont Ip On Voltage is applied presently to the input (external contact
Off Cont Ip Off

closed)
Voltage is not applied presently to the input (external
5
contact open)
Contact Output Contact Closed Cont Op 1 Closed Contact output is closed
(type Form-A contact
Current On Cont Op 1 Ion Current is flowing through the contact
only)
Voltage On Cont Op 1 VOn Voltage exists across the contact
Voltage Off Cont Op 1 VOff Voltage does not exist across the contact
Direct Input On DIRECT INPUT 1 On The direct input is presently in the ON state
Element Pickup PHASE TOC1 PKP The tested parameter is presently above the pickup setting
(Analog) of an element that responds to rising values or below the
pickup setting of an element that responds to falling values
Dropout PHASE TOC1 DPO This operand is the logical inverse of the above PKP
operand
Operate PHASE TOC1 OP The tested parameter has been above/below the pickup
setting of the element for the programmed delay time, or
has been at logic 1 and is now at logic 0 but the reset timer
has not finished timing
Block PHASE TOC1 BLK The output of the comparator is set to the block function
Element Pickup Dig Element 1 PKP The input operand is at logic 1
(Digital)
Dropout Dig Element 1 DPO This operand is the logical inverse of the above PKP
operand
Operate Dig Element 1 OP The input operand has been at logic 1 for the programmed
pickup delay time, or has been at logic 1 for this period and
is now at logic 0 but the reset timer has not finished timing
Element Higher than Counter 1 HI The number of pulses counted is above the set number
(Digital Counter)
Equal to Counter 1 EQL The number of pulses counted is equal to the set number
Lower than Counter 1 LO The number of pulses counted is below the set number
Fixed On On Logic 1
Off Off Logic 0

Operand type State Example of format Characteristics

[Input Is ‘1’ (= ON) if...]
RxGOOSE Boolean On RxGOOSE Boolean 1 On The RxGOOSE Boolean is presently in the ON state
Virtual Input On Virt Ip 1 On The virtual input is presently in the ON state
Virtual Output On Virt Op 1 On The virtual output is presently in the set state (that is,
evaluation of the equation that produces this virtual output
results in a "1")
The following table lists the operands available for the relay. The operands can be viewed online by entering the IP address
of the relay in a web browser and accessing the Device Information Menu.
Table 5-19: D30 FlexLogic operands
Operand type Operand syntax Operand description
CONTROL CONTROL PUSHBTN 1 ON Control pushbutton 1 is being pressed
PUSHBUTTONS CONTROL PUSHBTN 2 ON Control pushbutton 2 is being pressed
CONTROL PUSHBTN 3 ON Control pushbutton 3 is being pressed
CYBERSENTRY ROLE ADMIN ACT Administrator role is active and is set to true when that is the case
ROLE SUPERVISOR ACT Supervisor role is active and is set to true when that is the case
ROLE ENGINEER ACT Engineer role is active and is set to true when that is the case
ROLE OPERATOR ACT Operator role is active and is set to true when that is the case
ROLE OBSERVER ACT Observer role is active and is set to true when that is the case
ROLE EXTERNAL ACT External role is active and is set to true when that is the case
AUTHENTICATION FAIL Operand set for Failed Authentication self-test and alarm
UNAUTH FW ATTEMPT Operand set for firmware lock self-test and alarm
5 DIRECT DEVICES
UNAUTH SETTING WRITE
DIRECT DEVICE 1On
Operand set for settings lock self-test and alarm
Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
DIRECT DEVICE 16On Flag is set, logic=1
DIRECT DEVICE 1Off Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
DIRECT DEVICE 16Off Flag is set, logic=1
DIRECT INPUT/ DIR IO CH1 CRC ALARM The rate of direct input messages received on channel 1 and failing the CRC
OUTPUT CHANNEL exceeded the user-specified level
MONITORING DIR IO CH2 CRC ALARM The rate of direct input messages received on channel 2 and failing the CRC
exceeded the user-specified level
DIR IO CH1 UNRET ALM The rate of returned direct input/output messages on channel 1 exceeded
the user-specified level (ring configurations only)
DIR IO CH2 UNRET ALM The rate of returned direct input/output messages on channel 2 exceeded
the user-specified level (ring configurations only)
ELEMENT: AR1 ENABLED Autoreclose 1 is enabled
Autoreclose AR1 RIP Autoreclose 1 is in progress
(per CT bank) AR1 LO Autoreclose 1 is locked out
AR1 BLK FROM MAN CLS Autoreclose 1 is temporarily disabled
AR1 CLOSE Autoreclose 1 close command is issued
AR1 SHOT CNT=0 Autoreclose 1 shot count is 0
AR1 DISABLED Autoreclose 1 is disabled
ELEMENT: AUX OV1 PKP Auxiliary overvoltage element has picked up
Auxiliary overvoltage AUX OV1 DPO Auxiliary overvoltage element has dropped out
AUX OV1 OP Auxiliary overvoltage element has operated
ELEMENT: AUX UV1 PKP Auxiliary undervoltage element has picked up
Auxiliary AUX UV1 DPO Auxiliary undervoltage element has dropped out
undervoltage AUX UV1 OP Auxiliary undervoltage element has operated
AUX UV2 to 3 Same set of operands as shown for AUX UV1


ELEMENT: BKR ARC 1 OP Breaker arcing current 1 has operated
Breaker arcing BKR ARC 1 DPO Breaker arcing current 1 has dropped out
BKR ARC 1 MAX OP Breaker arcing current 1 max interrupting current has operated
BKR ARC 1 MAX DPO Breaker arcing current 1 max interrupting current has dropped out
BKR ARC 2 OP Breaker arcing current 2 has operated
BKR ARC 2 DPO Breaker arcing current 2 has dropped out
BKR ARC 2 MAX OP Breaker arcing current 2 max interrupting current has operated
BKR ARC 2 MAX DPO Breaker arcing current 2 max interrupting current has dropped out
ELEMENT: BREAKER 1 OFF CMD Breaker 1 open command initiated
Breaker control BREAKER 1 ON CMD Breaker 1 close command initiated
BREAKER 1 ΦA BAD ST Breaker 1 phase A bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and
52/b contacts)
BREAKER 1 ΦA INTERM Breaker 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one
position to another)
BREAKER 1 ΦA CLSD Breaker 1 phase A is closed
BREAKER 1 ΦA OPEN Breaker 1 phase A is open
BREAKER 1 ΦB BAD ST Breaker 1 phase B bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and
52/b contacts)
BREAKER 1 ΦB INTERM Breaker 1 phase B intermediate status is detected (transition from one
BREAKER 1 ΦB CLSD Breaker 1 phase B is closed
BREAKER 1 ΦB OPEN Breaker 1 phase B is open
BREAKER 1 ΦC BAD ST Breaker 1 phase C bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and
52/b contacts)
BREAKER 1 ΦC INTERM Breaker 1 phase C intermediate status is detected (transition from one
BREAKER 1 ΦC CLSD Breaker 1 phase C is closed
BREAKER 1 ΦC OPEN Breaker 1 phase C is open
BREAKER 1 BAD STATUS Breaker 1 bad status is detected on any pole
BREAKER 1 CLOSED Breaker 1 is closed
BREAKER 1 OPEN
BREAKER 1 DISCREP
Breaker 1 is open
Breaker 1 has discrepancy
5
BREAKER 1 TROUBLE Breaker 1 trouble alarm
BREAKER 1 MNL CLS Breaker 1 manual close
BREAKER 1 TRIP A Breaker 1 trip phase A command
BREAKER 1 TRIP B Breaker 1 trip phase B command
BREAKER 1 TRIP C Breaker 1 trip phase C command
BREAKER 1 ANY P OPEN At least one pole of breaker 1 is open
BREAKER 1 ONE P OPEN Only one pole of breaker 1 is open
BREAKER 1 OOS Breaker 1 is out of service
BREAKER 2 Same set of operands as shown for BREAKER 1
ELEMENT: BROKEN CONDUCT 1 OP Asserted when the broken conductor 1 element operates
Broken conductor BROKEN CONDUCT 1 PKP Asserted when the broken conductor 1 element picks up
BROKEN CONDUCT 2 Same set of operands as shown for BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1
ELEMENT: CT FAIL 1 PKP CT fail has picked up
CT fail CT FAIL 1 OP CT fail has dropped out
CT FAIL 2 Same set of operands as per CT FAIL 1
ELEMENT: Counter 1 HI Digital counter 1 output is ‘more than’ comparison value
Digital counters Counter 1 EQL Digital counter 1 output is ‘equal to’ comparison value
Counter 1 LO Digital counter 1 output is ‘less than’ comparison value
Counter 2 to 8 Same set of operands as shown for Counter 1
ELEMENT: Dig Element 1 PKP Digital Element 1 is picked up
Digital elements Dig Element 1 OP Digital Element 1 is operated
Dig Element 1 DPO Digital Element 1 is dropped out
Dig Element 2 to 48 Same set of operands as shown for Dig Element 1
ELEMENT: FREQ RATE 1 PKP The frequency rate of change 1 element has picked up
Frequency rate of FREQ RATE 1 DPO The frequency rate of change 1 element has dropped out
change FREQ RATE 1 OP The frequency rate of change 1 element has operated
FREQ RATE 2 Same set of operands as shown for FREQ RATE 1
ELEMENT: FxE 1 PKP FlexElement 1 has picked up
FlexElements FxE 1 OP FlexElement 1 has operated
FxE 1 DPO FlexElement 1 has dropped out
FxE 2 to 8 Same set of operands as shown for FxE 1


ELEMENT: GND DIST Z1 PKP Ground distance zone 1 has picked up
Ground distance GND DIST Z1 OP Ground distance zone 1 has operated
GND DIST Z1 OP A Ground distance zone 1 phase A has operated
GND DIST Z1 OP B Ground distance zone 1 phase B has operated
GND DIST Z1 OP C Ground distance zone 1 phase C has operated
GND DIST Z1 PKP A Ground distance zone 1 phase A has picked up
GND DIST Z1 PKP B Ground distance zone 1 phase B has picked up
GND DIST Z1 PKP C Ground distance zone 1 phase C has picked up
GND DIST Z1 SUPN IA Ground distance zone 1 neutral 1A is supervising
GND DIST Z1 SUPN IB Ground distance zone 1 neutral 1B is supervising
GND DIST Z1 SUPN 1C Ground distance zone 1 neutral 1C is supervising
GND DIST Z1 DPO A Ground distance zone 1 phase A has dropped out
GND DIST Z1 DPO B Ground distance zone 1 phase B has dropped out
GND DIST Z1 DPO C Ground distance zone 1 phase C has dropped out
GND DIST Z2 DIR SUPN Ground distance zone 2 directional is supervising
GND DIST Z2 to 5 Same set of operands as shown for GND DIST Z1
ELEMENT: GROUND IOC1 PKP Ground instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
Ground GROUND IOC1 OP Ground instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
instantaneous GROUND IOC1 DPO Ground instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out
overcurrent
GROUND IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for GROUND IOC 1
ELEMENT: GROUND TOC1 PKP Ground time overcurrent 1 has picked up
Ground time GROUND TOC1 OP Ground time overcurrent 1 has operated
overcurrent GROUND TOC1 DPO Ground time overcurrent 1 has dropped out
GROUND TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for GROUND TOC1
ELEMENT: INCIPNT FLT 1 OP Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 operates in any phase
Incipient cable fault INCIPNT FLT 1 OP A Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 operates in phase A
5 detection INCIPNT FLT 1 OP B

INCIPNT FLT 1 OP C
INCIPNT FLT 1 PKP
Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 operates in phase B
Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 operates in phase C
Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 picks up in any phase
INCIPNT FLT 1 PKP A Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 picks up in phase A
INCIPNT FLT 1 PKP B Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 picks up in phase B
INCIPNT FLT 1 PKP C Asserted when incipient cable fault detector 1 picks up in phase C
ELEMENT: LATCH 1 ON Non-volatile latch 1 is ON (Logic = 1)
Non-volatile latches LATCH 1 OFF Non-volatile latch 1 is OFF (Logic = 0)
LATCH 2 to 16 Same set of operands as shown for LATCH 1
ELEMENT: LINE PICKUP OP Line pickup has operated
Line pickup LINE PICKUP PKP Line pickup has picked up
LINE PICKUP DPO Line pickup has dropped out
LINE PICKUP I<A Line pickup detected phase A current below 5% of nominal
LINE PICKUP I<B Line pickup detected phase B current below 5% of nominal
LINE PICKUP I<C Line pickup detected phase C current below 5% of nominal
LINE PICKUP UV PKP Line pickup undervoltage has picked up
LINE PICKUP LEO PKP Line pickup line end open has picked up
LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP Line pickup operated from overreaching zone 2 when reclosing the line (zone
1 extension functionality)
ELEMENT: LOAD ENCHR PKP Load encroachment has picked up
Load encroachment LOAD ENCHR OP Load encroachment has operated
LOAD ENCHR DPO Load encroachment has dropped out
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 1 forward has operated
Negative-sequence NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 1 reverse has operated
directional NEG SEQ DIR OC2 FWD Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 2 forward has operated
overcurrent NEG SEQ DIR OC2 REV Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 2 reverse has operated
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ IOC1 PKP Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
Negative-sequence NEG SEQ IOC1 OP Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
instantaneous NEG SEQ IOC1 DPO Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out
overcurrent
NEG SEQ IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ IOC1
ELEMENT: NEG SEQ OV1 PKP Negative-sequence overvoltage element has picked up
Negative-sequence NEG SEQ OV1 DPO Negative-sequence overvoltage element has dropped out
overvoltage NEG SEQ OV1 OP Negative-sequence overvoltage element has operated
NEG SEQ OV2 to 3 Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ OV1


ELEMENT: NEG SEQ TOC1 PKP Negative-sequence time overcurrent 1 has picked up
Negative-sequence NEG SEQ TOC1 OP Negative-sequence time overcurrent 1 has operated
time overcurrent NEG SEQ TOC1 DPO Negative-sequence time overcurrent 1 has dropped out
NEG SEQ TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ TOC1
ELEMENT: NEUTRAL IOC1 PKP Neutral instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
Neutral NEUTRAL IOC1 OP Neutral instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
instantaneous NEUTRAL IOC1 DPO Neutral instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out
overcurrent
NEUTRAL IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL IOC1
ELEMENT: NEUTRAL OV1 PKP Neutral overvoltage element 1 has picked up
Neutral overvoltage NEUTRAL OV1 DPO Neutral overvoltage element 1 has dropped out
NEUTRAL OV1 OP Neutral overvoltage element 1 has operated
NEUTRAL OV2 to 3 Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL OV1
ELEMENT: NEUTRAL TOC1 PKP Neutral time overcurrent 1 has picked up
Neutral time NEUTRAL TOC1 OP Neutral time overcurrent 1 has operated
overcurrent NEUTRAL TOC1 DPO Neutral time overcurrent 1 has dropped out
NEUTRAL TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL TOC1
ELEMENT: NTRL DIR OC1 FWD Neutral directional overcurrent 1 forward has operated
Neutral directional NTRL DIR OC1 REV Neutral directional overcurrent 1 reverse has operated
overcurrent
NTRL DIR OC2 Same set of operands as shown for NTRL DIR OC1
ELEMENT: PH DIR1 BLK A Phase A directional 1 block
Phase directional PH DIR1 BLK B Phase B directional 1 block
overcurrent PH DIR1 BLK C Phase C directional 1 block
PH DIR1 BLK Phase directional 1 block
ELEMENT:
PH DIR2
PH DIST Z1 PKP
Same set of operands as shown for PH DIR1
Phase distance zone 1 has picked up
5
Phase distance PH DIST Z1 OP Phase distance zone 1 has operated
PH DIST Z1 OP AB Phase distance zone 1 phase AB has operated
PH DIST Z1 OP BC Phase distance zone 1 phase BC has operated
PH DIST Z1 OP CA Phase distance zone 1 phase CA has operated
PH DIST Z1 PKP AB Phase distance zone 1 phase AB has picked up
PH DIST Z1 PKP BC Phase distance zone 1 phase BC has picked up
PH DIST Z1 PKP CA Phase distance zone 1 phase CA has picked up
PH DIST Z1 SUPN IAB Phase distance zone 1 phase AB IOC is supervising
PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC Phase distance zone 1 phase BC IOC is supervising
PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA Phase distance zone 1 phase CA IOC is supervising
PH DIST Z1 DPO AB Phase distance zone 1 phase AB has dropped out
PH DIST Z1 DPO BC Phase distance zone 1 phase BC has dropped out
PH DIST Z1 DPO CA Phase distance zone 1 phase CA has dropped out
PH DIST Z2 to 5 Same set of operands as shown for PH DIST Z1
ELEMENT: PHASE IOC1 PKP At least one phase of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
Phase instantaneous PHASE IOC1 OP At least one phase of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
overcurrent PHASE IOC1 DPO All phases of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 have dropped out
PHASE IOC1 PKP A Phase A of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
PHASE IOC1 PKP B Phase B of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
PHASE IOC1 PKP C Phase C of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up
PHASE IOC1 OP A Phase A of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 OP B Phase B of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 OP C Phase C of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated
PHASE IOC1 DPO A Phase A of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC1 DPO B Phase B of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC1 DPO C Phase C of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out
PHASE IOC2 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE IOC1


ELEMENT: PHASE OV1 PKP At least one phase of overvoltage 1 has picked up
Phase overvoltage PHASE OV1 OP At least one phase of overvoltage 1 has operated
PHASE OV1 DPO All phases of overvoltage 1 have dropped out
PHASE OV1 PKP A Phase A of overvoltage 1 has picked up
PHASE OV1 PKP B Phase B of overvoltage 1 has picked up
PHASE OV1 PKP C Phase C of overvoltage 1 has picked up
PHASE OV1 OP A Phase A of overvoltage 1 has operated
PHASE OV1 OP B Phase B of overvoltage 1 has operated
PHASE OV1 OP C Phase C of overvoltage 1 has operated
PHASE OV1 DPO A Phase A of overvoltage 1 has dropped out
PHASE OV1 DPO B Phase B of overvoltage 1 has dropped out
PHASE OV1 DPO C Phase C of overvoltage 1 has dropped out
PHASE OV2 to 3 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE OV1
ELEMENT: PHASE TOC1 PKP At least one phase of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up
Phase time PHASE TOC1 OP At least one phase of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated
overcurrent PHASE TOC1 DPO All phases of phase time overcurrent 1 have dropped out
PHASE TOC1 PKP A Phase A of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up
PHASE TOC1 PKP B Phase B of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up
PHASE TOC1 PKP C Phase C of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up
PHASE TOC1 OP A Phase A of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 OP B Phase B of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 OP C Phase C of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated
PHASE TOC1 DPO A Phase A of phase time overcurrent 1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC1 DPO B Phase B of phase time overcurrent 1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC1 DPO C Phase C of phase time overcurrent 1 has dropped out
PHASE TOC2 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE TOC1
ELEMENT: PHASE UV1 PKP At least one phase of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up
Phase undervoltage PHASE UV1 OP At least one phase of phase undervoltage 1 has operated
5 PHASE UV1 DPO

PHASE UV1 PKP A
PHASE UV1 PKP B
All phases of phase undervoltage 1 have dropped out
Phase A of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up
Phase B of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up
PHASE UV1 PKP C Phase C of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up
PHASE UV1 OP A Phase A of phase undervoltage 1 has operated
PHASE UV1 OP B Phase B of phase undervoltage 1 has operated
PHASE UV1 OP C Phase C of phase undervoltage 1 has operated
PHASE UV1 DPO A Phase A of phase undervoltage 1 has dropped out
PHASE UV1 DPO B Phase B of phase undervoltage 1 has dropped out
PHASE UV1 DPO C Phase C of phase undervoltage 1 has dropped out
PHASE UV2 to 3 Same set of operands as shown for PHASE UV1
ELEMENT: POWER SWING OUTER Positive-sequence impedance in outer characteristic
Power swing detect POWER SWING MIDDLE Positive-sequence impedance in middle characteristic
POWER SWING INNER Positive-sequence impedance in inner characteristic
POWER SWING BLOCK Power swing blocking element operated
POWER SWING TMR2 PKP Power swing timer 2 picked up
POWER SWING TRIP Out-of-step tripping operated
POWER SWING 50DD The power swing element detected a disturbance other than power swing
POWER SWING INCOMING An unstable power swing has been detected (incoming locus)
POWER SWING OUTGOING An unstable power swing has been detected (outgoing locus)
POWER SWING UN/BLOCK Asserted when power swing is detected and de-asserted when a fault during
power swing occurs
ELEMENT: SELECTOR 1 POS Y Selector switch 1 is in Position Y (mutually exclusive operands)
Selector switch SELECTOR 1 BIT 0 First bit of the 3-bit word encoding position of selector 1
SELECTOR 1 BIT 1 Second bit of the 3-bit word encoding position of selector 1
SELECTOR 1 BIT 2 Third bit of the 3-bit word encoding position of selector 1
SELECTOR 1 STP ALARM Position of selector 1 has been pre-selected with the stepping up control
input but not acknowledged
SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM Position of selector 1 has been pre-selected with the 3-bit control input but
not acknowledged
SELECTOR 1 ALARM Position of selector 1 has been pre-selected but not acknowledged
SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM Position of selector switch 1 is undetermined or restored from memory when
the relay powers up and synchronizes to the three-bit input
SELECTOR 2 Same set of operands as shown for SELECTOR 1


ELEMENT: SETTING GROUP ACT 1 Setting group 1 is active
Setting group SETTING GROUP ACT 2 Setting group 2 is active
SETTING GROUP ACT 3 Setting group 3 is active
ELEMENT: SRC1 50DD OP Source 1 disturbance detector has operated
Disturbance detector SRC2 50DD OP Source 2 disturbance detector has operated
ELEMENT: SRC1 VT FF OP Source 1 VT fuse failure detector has operated
VTFF (Voltage SRC1 VT FF DPO Source 1 VT fuse failure detector has dropped out
transformer fuse SRC1 VT FF VOL LOSS Source 1 has lost voltage signals (V2 below 10% and V1 below 5% of nominal)
failure) SRC1 VT FF ALARM Source 1 has triggered a VT fuse failure alarm
SRC1 VT NEU WIRE OPEN Source 1 VT neutral wire open detected. When the VT is connected in Delta,
do not enable this function because there is no neutral wire for Delta
connected VT.
SRC2 VT FUSE FAIL Same set of operands as shown for SRC1 VT FF
ELEMENT: SWITCH 1 OFF CMD Disconnect switch 1 open command initiated
Disconnect switch SWITCH 1 ON CMD Disconnect switch 1 close command initiated
SWITCH 1 CLOSED Disconnect switch 1 is closed
SWITCH 1 OPEN Disconnect switch 1 is open
SWITCH 1 DISCREP Disconnect switch 1 has discrepancy
SWITCH 1 TROUBLE Disconnect switch 1 trouble alarm
SWITCH 1 ΦA CLSD Disconnect switch 1 phase A is closed
SWITCH 1 ΦA OPEN Disconnect switch 1 phase A is open
SWITCH 1 ΦA BAD ST Disconnect switch 1 phase A bad status is detected (discrepancy between
the 52/a and 52/b contacts)
SWITCH 1 ΦA INTERM Disconnect switch 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from
one position to another)
SWITCH 1 ΦB CLSD
SWITCH 1 ΦB OPEN
Disconnect switch 1 phase B is closed
Disconnect switch 1 phase B is open
5
SWITCH 1 ΦB BAD ST Disconnect switch 1 phase B bad status is detected (discrepancy between
SWITCH 1 ΦB INTERM Disconnect switch 1 phase B intermediate status is detected (transition from
SWITCH 1 ΦC CLSD Disconnect switch 1 phase C is closed
SWITCH 1 ΦC OPEN Disconnect switch 1 phase C is open
SWITCH 1 ΦC BAD ST Disconnect switch 1 phase C bad status is detected (discrepancy between
SWITCH 1 ΦC INTERM Disconnect switch 1 phase C intermediate status is detected (transition from
SWITCH 1 BAD STATUS Disconnect switch 1 bad status is detected on any pole
SWITCH 2 to 8 Same set of operands as shown for SWITCH 1
ELEMENT: SYNC1 DEAD S OP Synchrocheck 1 dead source has operated
Synchrocheck SYNC1 DEAD S DPO Synchrocheck 1 dead source has dropped out
SYNC1 SYNC OP Synchrocheck 1 in synchronization has operated
SYNC1 SYNC DPO Synchrocheck 1 in synchronization has dropped out
SYNC1 CLS OP Synchrocheck 1 close has operated
SYNC1 CLS DPO Synchrocheck 1 close has dropped out
SYNC1 V1 ABOVE MIN Synchrocheck 1 V1 is above the minimum live voltage
SYNC1 V1 BELOW MAX Synchrocheck 1 V1 is below the maximum dead voltage
SYNC1 V2 ABOVE MIN Synchrocheck 1 V2 is above the minimum live voltage
SYNC1 V2 BELOW MAX Synchrocheck 1 V2 is below the maximum dead voltage
SYNC1 S-CLOSE OP Synchrocheck 1 S-CLOSE has operated
SYNC1 S-CLOSE OP DPO Synchrocheck 1 S-CLOSE has dropped out
SYNC1 S-CLOSE ARMD Synchrocheck 1 S-CLOSE has been armed
SYNC 2 to 4 Same set of operands as shown for SYNC 1
ELEMENT: TELEPRO CH1 FAIL Channel 1 failed
Teleprotection TELEPRO CH2 FAIL Channel 2 failed
channel tests TELEPRO CH1 ID FAIL The ID check for a peer relay on channel 1 has failed
TELEPRO CH2 ID FAIL The ID check for a peer relay on channel 2 has failed
TELEPRO CH1 CRC FAIL CRC detected packet corruption on channel 1
TELEPRO CH2 CRC FAIL CRC detected packet corruption on channel 2
TELEPRO CH1 PKT LOST CRC detected lost packet on channel 1
TELEPRO CH2 PKT LOST CRC detected lost packet on channel 2


ELEMENT: TELEPRO INPUT 1-1 On Flag is set, Logic =1
Teleprotection ↓ ↓
inputs/outputs TELEPRO INPUT 1-16 On Flag is set, Logic =1
TELEPRO INPUT 2-1 On Flag is set, Logic =1
↓ ↓
TELEPRO INPUT 2-16 On Flag is set, Logic =1
ELEMENT: THERMAL PROT 1 PKP Thermal overload protection 1 picked up
Thermal overload THERMAL PROT 1 OP Thermal overload protection 1 operated
protection
THERMAL PROT 2 Same set of operands as shown for THERMAL PROT 1
ELEMENT: TRIP BUS 1 PKP Asserted when the trip bus 1 element picks up
Trip bus TRIP BUS 1 OP Asserted when the trip bus 1 element operates
TRIP BUS 2 to 6 Same set of operands as shown for TRIP BUS 1
ELEMENT: UNDERFREQ 1 PKP Underfrequency 1 has picked up
Underfrequency UNDERFREQ 1 OP Underfrequency 1 has operated
UNDERFREQ 1 DPO Underfrequency 1 has dropped out
UNDERFREQ 2 to 6 Same set of operands as shown for UNDERFREQ 1
ELEMENT: WATTMETRIC 1 PKP Wattmetric directional element 1 has picked up
Wattmetric zero- WATTMETRIC 1 OP Wattmetric directional element 1 has operated
sequence directional
WATTMETRIC 2 Same set of operands as per WATTMETRIC 1
FIXED OPERANDS Off Logic = 0. Does nothing and can be used as a delimiter in an equation list;
used as ‘Disable’ by other features.
On Logic = 1. Can be used as a test setting.
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Ip 1 On (does not appear unless ordered)
5 Contact inputs Cont Ip 2
↓
On (does not appear unless ordered)
↓
Cont Ip 1 Off (does not appear unless ordered)
↓ ↓
Cont Ip 96 On (does not appear unless ordered)
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Op 1 IOn (does not appear unless ordered)
Contact outputs, Cont Op 2 IOn (does not appear unless ordered)
current ↓ ↓
(from detector on Cont Op 64 IOn (does not appear unless ordered)
form-A output only)
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Op 1 VOn (does not appear unless ordered)
Contact outputs, Cont Op 2 VOn (does not appear unless ordered)
voltage ↓ ↓
(from detector on Cont Op 64 VOn (does not appear unless ordered)
form-A output only)
Cont Op 1 VOff (does not appear unless ordered)
↓ ↓
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: DIRECT INPUT 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Direct inputs ↓ ↓
DIRECT INPUT 32 On Flag is set, logic=1
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: RxG DPS 1 BAD Asserted while the RxGOOSE double-point status input is in the bad state
RxGOOSE DPS RxG DPS 1 INTERM Asserted while the RxGOOSE double-point status input is in the intermediate
state
RxG DPS 1 OFF Asserted while the RxGOOSE double-point status input is off
RxG DPS 1 ON Asserted while the RxGOOSE double-point status input is on
RxG DPS 2 to 5 Same set of operands as per RxG DPS 1
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: RxG Bool 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
RxGOOSE Booleans RxG Bool 2 On Flag is set, logic=1
RxG Bool 3 On Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
RxG Bool 32 On Flag is set, logic=1


INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Virt Ip 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Virtual inputs Virt Ip 2 On Flag is set, logic=1
Virt Ip 3 On Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
Virt Ip 64 On Flag is set, logic=1
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Virt Op 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
Virtual outputs Virt Op 2 On Flag is set, logic=1
Virt Op 3 On Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
Virt Op 96 On Flag is set, logic=1
LED INDICATORS: LED IN SERVICE Asserted when the front panel IN SERVICE LED is on
Fixed front panel LED TROUBLE Asserted when the front panel TROUBLE LED is on
LEDs LED TEST MODE Asserted when the front panel TEST MODE LED is on
LED TRIP Asserted when the front panel TRIP LED is on
LED ALARM Asserted when the front panel ALARM LED is on
LED PICKUP Asserted when the front panel PICKUP LED is on
LED VOLTAGE Asserted when the front panel VOLTAGE LED is on
LED CURRENT Asserted when the front panel CURRENT LED is on
LED FREQUENCY Asserted when the front panel FREQUENCY LED is on
LED OTHER Asserted when the front panel OTHER LED is on
LED PHASE A Asserted when the front panel PHASE A LED is on
LED PHASE B Asserted when the front panel PHASE B LED is on
LED PHASE C Asserted when the front panel PHASE C LED is on
LED NEUTRAL/GROUND Asserted when the front panel NEUTRAL/GROUND LED is on
LED INDICATORS: LED TEST IN PROGRESS An LED test has been initiated and has not finished
LED test
LED INDICATORS: LED USER 1 Asserted when user-programmable LED 1 is on
User-programmable
LEDs
LED USER 2 to 48 The operand above is available for user-programmable LEDs 2 through 48
5
PASSWORD ACCESS LOC SETG OFF Asserted when local setting access is disabled
SECURITY ACCESS LOC SETG ON Asserted when local setting access is enabled
ACCESS LOC CMND OFF Asserted when local command access is disabled
ACCESS LOC CMND ON Asserted when local command access is enabled
ACCESS REM SETG OFF Asserted when remote setting access is disabled
ACCESS REM SETG ON Asserted when remote setting access is enabled
ACCESS REM CMND OFF Asserted when remote command access is disabled
ACCESS REM CMND ON Asserted when remote command access is enabled
UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS Asserted when a password entry fails while accessing a password protected
level of the D30
RxGOOSE RxGOOSE 1 On Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
RxGOOSE 64 On Flag is set, logic=1
RxGOOSE 1 Off Flag is set, logic=1
↓ ↓
RxGOOSE 64 Off Flag is set, logic=1
R-RxGOOSE1 IGMP On Indicates status of IGMP connection for R-GOOSE multicast reception
R-TxGOOSE1 ARP On Indicates status of ARP connection for R GOOSE unicast transmission
<RxGOOSE Boolean1 ID> On Replace bracketed text with RxGOOSE Boolean1 status of "true"
<RxGOOSE DPS1 ID> Bad Replace bracketed text with RxGOOSE DPS1 status of "bad-state"
<RxGOOSE DPS1 ID> Interm Replace bracketed text with RxGOOSE DPS1 status is "intermediate-state"
<RxGOOSE DPS1 ID> Off Replace bracketed text with RxGOOSE DPS1 status is "off"
<RxGOOSE DPS1 ID> On Replace bracketed text with RxGOOSE DPS1 status is "on"
RESETTING RESET OP Reset command is operated (set by all three operands below)
RESET OP (COMMS) Communications source of the reset command
RESET OP (OPERAND) Operand (assigned in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS  RESETTING menu) source of
the reset command
RESET OP (PUSHBUTTON) Reset key (pushbutton) source of the reset command


SELF-DIAGNOSTICS ANY MAJOR ERROR Any of the major self-test errors generated (major error)
(See Relay Self-tests ANY MINOR ERROR Any of the minor self-test errors generated (minor error)
descriptions in ANY SELF-TESTS Any self-test errors generated (generic, any error)
Chapter 7: BATTERY FAIL The battery is weak or not functioning. Replace as outlined in the
Commands and Maintenance chapter.
Targets) CLOCK UNSYNCHRONIZED Relay is not synchronized to the international time standard
DIRECT DEVICE OFF A direct device is configured but not connected
DIRECT RING BREAK The Direct I/O settings is for a connection that is not in a ring
EQUIPMENT MISMATCH The configuration of modules does not match the stored order code
FLEXLOGIC ERR TOKEN A FlexLogic equation is incorrect
IRIG-B FAILURE "Bad IRIG-B Signal" self-test. See Chapter 7: Commands and Targets.
LATCHING OUT ERROR A difference is detected between the desired and actual latch contact state
MAINTENANCE ALERT A subset of the minor self-test errors generated, see Chapter 7
FIRST ETHERNET FAIL Link failure detected. See description in Chapter 7: Commands and Targets.
PROCESS BUS FAILURE See description in Chapter 7: Commands and Targets
PTP FAILURE "Bad PTP Signal" self-test as described in Chapter 7
RxGOOSE OFF One or more GOOSE messages are not being received
RRTD COMM FAIL See description in Chapter 7: Commands and Targets
SECOND ETHERNET FAIL See description in Chapter 7: Commands and Targets
THIRD ETHERNET FAIL See description in Chapter 7: Commands and Targets
SNTP FAILURE SNTP server is not responding
SYSTEM EXCEPTION See description in Chapter 7: Commands and Targets
TEMP MONITOR Monitors ambient temperature and maximum operating temperature
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED The product SETUP > INSTALLATION > RELAYS SETTINGS setting is not
programmed
SETTING CHANGED Any device settings changed over any available interface; operand is
asserted for at least one second and then self-reset
TEMPERATURE TEMP MONITOR Asserted while the ambient temperature is greater than the maximum
MONITOR operating temperature (80°C)
5 USER-
PROGRAMMABLE
PUSHBUTTONS
PUSHBUTTON 1 ON
PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF
ANY PB ON
Pushbutton number 1 is in the “On” position
Pushbutton number 1 is in the “Off” position
Any of 12 pushbuttons is in the “On” position
PUSHBUTTON 2 to 12 Same set of operands as PUSHBUTTON 1
Some operands can be re-named. These are the names of the breakers in the breaker control feature, the ID (identification)
of contact inputs and outputs, the ID of virtual inputs, and the ID of virtual outputs. If the user changes the default name or
ID of any of these operands, the assigned name appears in the relay list of operands. The default names are shown in the
FlexLogic operands table.
The characteristics of the logic gates are tabulated in the following table, and the operators available in FlexLogic are
listed in the FlexLogic operators table.
Table 5-20: FlexLogic gate characteristics
Gates Number of inputs Output is ‘1’ (= ON) if...
NOT 1 input is ‘0’
OR 2 to 16 any input is ‘1’
AND 2 to 16 all inputs are ‘1’
NOR 2 to 16 all inputs are ‘0’
NAND 2 to 16 any input is ‘0’
XOR 2 only one input is ‘1’

Table 5-21: FlexLogic operators

Type Syntax Description Notes
Editor INSERT Insert a parameter in an equation list
DELETE Delete a parameter from an equation list
End END The first END encountered signifies the last entry in
the list of processed FlexLogic parameters
One-shot POSITIVE ONE SHOT One shot that responds to a positive going edge A ‘one shot’ refers to a single input gate that
generates a pulse in response to an edge on
NEGATIVE ONE SHOT One shot that responds to a negative going edge
the input. The output from a ‘one shot’ is
DUAL ONE SHOT One shot that responds to both the positive and True (positive) for only one pass through the
negative going edges FlexLogic equation. There is a maximum of
64 ‘one shots.’
Logic NOT Logical NOT Operates on the previous parameter
gate
OR(2) 2 input OR gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters
↓ ↓ ↓
OR(16) 16 input OR gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters
AND(2) 2 input AND gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters
↓ ↓ ↓
AND(16) 16 input AND gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters
NOR(2) 2 input NOR gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters
↓ ↓ ↓
NOR(16) 16 input NOR gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters
NAND(2) 2 input NAND gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters
↓ ↓ ↓
NAND(16) 16 input NAND gate Operates on the 16 previous parameters
XOR(2) 2 input Exclusive OR gate Operates on the 2 previous parameters
LATCH (S,R) Latch (set, reset): reset-dominant The parameter preceding LATCH(S,R) is the
reset input. The parameter preceding the
5
reset input is the set input.
Timer TIMER 1 Timer set with FlexLogic timer 1 settings The timer is started by the preceding
↓ ↓ parameter. The output of the timer is
TIMER 32 Timer set with FlexLogic timer 32 settings TIMER #.
Assign = Virt Op 1 Assigns previous FlexLogic operand to virtual The virtual output is set by the preceding
virtual ↓ output 1 parameter
output = Virt Op 96 ↓
Assigns previous FlexLogic operand to virtual
output 96
5.6.2 FlexLogic rules

When forming a FlexLogic equation, the sequence in the linear array of parameters must follow these general rules:
1. Operands must precede the operator that uses the operands as inputs.
2. Operators have only one output. The output of an operator must be used to create a virtual output if it is to be used as
an input to two or more operators.
3. Assigning the output of an operator to a virtual output terminates the equation.
4. A timer operator (for example, "TIMER 1") or virtual output assignment (for example, " = Virt Op 1") can be used once
only. If this rule is broken, a syntax error is declared.
5.6.3 FlexLogic evaluation

Each equation is evaluated in the ascending order in which the parameters have been entered.

FlexLogic provides built-in latches that by definition have a memory action, remaining in the set state after the set
input has been asserted. These built-in latches are reset dominant, meaning that if logical "1" is applied to both set
and reset entries simultaneously, then the output of the latch is logical "0." However, they are volatile, meaning that
they reset upon removal of control power.
When making changes to FlexLogic entries in the settings, all FlexLogic equations are re-compiled whenever any
new FlexLogic entry value is entered, and as a result of the re-compile all latches are reset automatically.
To implement FlexLogic using a graphical user interface, see the FlexLogic Design and Monitoring using Engineer
section in the previous chapter.
This section provides an example of logic implementation for a typical application. The sequence of steps is important to
minimize the work to develop the relay settings. Note that the example in the following figure demonstrates the procedure,
not to solve a specific application situation.
Note that there is also a graphical interface with which to draw logic and populate FlexLogic equation entries. See the
Engineer content at the end of the previous chapter.
In the example, it is assumed that logic has already been programmed to produce virtual outputs 1 and 2, and is only a
part of the full set of equations used. When using FlexLogic, it is important to make a note of each virtual output used; a
virtual output designation (1 to 96) can be assigned only once.
Figure 5-73: Logic example
1. Inspect the example logic diagram to determine if the required logic can be implemented with the FlexLogic
operators. If this is not possible, the logic must be altered until this condition is satisfied. Once done, count the inputs
to each gate to verify that the number of inputs does not exceed the FlexLogic limits, which is unlikely but possible. If
the number of inputs is too high, subdivide the inputs into multiple gates to produce an equivalent. For example, if 25
inputs to an AND gate are required, connect Inputs 1 through 16 to AND(16), 17 through 25 to AND(9), and the outputs
from these two gates to AND(2).
Inspect each operator between the initial operands and final virtual outputs to determine if the output from the
operator is used as an input to more than one following operator. If so, the operator output must be assigned as a
virtual output.
For the example shown, the output of the AND gate is used as an input to both OR#1 and Timer 1, and must therefore
be made a virtual output and assigned the next available number (that is, Virtual Output 3). The final output must also
be assigned to a virtual output as virtual output 4, which is programmed in the contact output section to operate relay
H1 (that is, contact output H1).
Therefore, the required logic can be implemented with two FlexLogic equations with outputs of virtual output 3 and
virtual output 4, shown as follows.

Figure 5-74: Logic example with virtual outputs
2. Prepare a logic diagram for the equation to produce virtual output 3, as this output is used as an operand in the virtual
output 4 equation (create the equation for every output that is used as an operand first, so that when these operands
are required they already have been evaluated and assigned to a specific virtual output). The logic for virtual output 3
is shown as follows with the final output assigned.
Figure 5-75: Logic for virtual output 3
3. Prepare a logic diagram for virtual output 4, replacing the logic ahead of virtual output 3 with a symbol identified as
virtual output 3, shown as follows.
Figure 5-76: Logic for virtual output 4
4. Program the FlexLogic equation for virtual output 3 by translating the logic into available FlexLogic parameters. The
equation is formed one parameter at a time until the required logic is complete. It is generally easier to start at the
output end of the equation and work back towards the input, as shown in the following steps. It is also recommended

to list operator inputs from bottom to top. For demonstration, the final outputs are arbitrarily identified as parameter
99, and each preceding parameter decremented by one in turn. Until accustomed to using FlexLogic, it is suggested
that a worksheet with a series of cells marked with the arbitrary parameter numbers be prepared shown as follows.
Figure 5-77: FlexLogic worksheet
5. Following the procedure outlined, start with parameter 99, as follows:

– 99: The final output of the equation is virtual output 3, which is created by the operator "= Virt Op n". This
parameter is therefore "= Virt Op 3".
– 98: The gate preceding the output is an AND, which in this case requires two inputs. The operator for this gate is a
5 2-input AND so the parameter is “AND(2)”. Note that FlexLogic rules require that the number of inputs to most
types of operators must be specified to identify the operands for the gate. As the 2-input AND operates on the
two operands preceding it, these inputs must be specified, starting with the lower.
– 97: This lower input to the AND gate must be passed through an inverter (the NOT operator) so the next
parameter is “NOT”. The NOT operator acts upon the operand immediately preceding it, so specify the inverter
input next.
– 96: The input to the NOT gate is to be contact input H1c. The ON state of a contact input can be programmed to
be set when the contact is either open or closed. Assume for this example that the state is to be ON for a closed
contact. The operand is therefore “Cont Ip H1c On”.
– 95: The last step in the procedure is to specify the upper input to the AND gate, the operated state of digital
element 2. This operand is "DIG ELEM 2 OP".
Writing the parameters in numerical order forms the equation for virtual output 3:
[95] DIG ELEM 2 OP
[96] Cont Ip H1c On
[97] NOT
[98] AND(2)
[99] = Virt Op 3
It is now possible to check that this selection of parameters produces the required logic by converting the set of
parameters into a logic diagram. The result of this process is shown in the figure, which is compared to the logic for
virtual output 3 diagram as a check.

Figure 5-78: FlexLogic equation for virtual output 3
6. Repeating the process described for virtual output 3, select the FlexLogic parameters for Virtual Output 4.
– 99: The final output of the equation is virtual output 4, which is parameter “= Virt Op 4".
– 98: The operator preceding the output is timer 2, which is operand “TIMER 2". Note that the settings required for
the timer are established in the timer programming section.
– 97: The operator preceding timer 2 is OR #2, a 3-input OR, which is parameter “OR(3)”.
– 96: The lowest input to OR #2 is operand “Cont Ip H1c On”.
– 95: The center input to OR #2 is operand “TIMER 1".
– 94: The input to timer 1 is operand “Virt Op 3 On".
– 93: The upper input to OR #2 is operand “LATCH (S,R)”.
– 92: There are two inputs to a latch, and the input immediately preceding the latch reset is OR #1, a 4-input OR,
which is parameter “OR(4)”.
– 91: The lowest input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 3 On".
– 90: The input just above the lowest input to OR #1 is operand “XOR(2)”. 5
– 89: The lower input to the XOR is operand “DIG ELEM 1 PKP”.
– 88: The upper input to the XOR is operand “Virt Ip 1 On".
– 87: The input just below the upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 2 On".
– 86: The upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 1 On".
– 85: The last parameter is used to set the latch, and is operand “Virt Op 4 On".
The equation for virtual output 4 is:
[85] Virt Op 4 On
[86] Virt Op 1 On
[87] Virt Op 2 On
[88] Virt Ip 1 On
[89] DIG ELEM 1 PKP
[90] XOR(2)
[91] Virt Op 3 On
[92] OR(4)
[93] LATCH (S,R)
[94] Virt Op 3 On
[95] TIMER 1
[96] Cont Ip H1c On
[97] OR(3)
[98] TIMER 2
[99] = Virt Op 4
Now check that the selection of parameters produce the required logic by converting the set of parameters into a
logic diagram. The result is shown in the figure, which is compared to the logic for virtual output 4 diagram as a check.

Figure 5-79: FlexLogic equation for virtual output 4
5 7. Now write the complete FlexLogic expression required to implement the logic, making an effort to assemble the
equation in an order where Virtual Outputs that are used as inputs to operators are created before needed. In cases
where a lot of processing is required to perform logic, this can be difficult to achieve, but in most cases does not cause
problems as all logic is calculated at least four times per power frequency cycle. The possibility of a problem caused by
sequential processing emphasizes the necessity to test the performance of FlexLogic before it is placed in service.
In the following equation, virtual output 3 is used as an input to both latch 1 and timer 1 as arranged in the following
order:
DIG ELEM 2 OP
Cont Ip H1c On
NOT
AND(2)
= Virt Op 3
Virt Op 4 On
Virt Op 1 On
Virt Op 2 On
Virt Ip 1 On
DIG ELEM 1 PKP
XOR(2)
Virt Op 3 On
OR(4)
LATCH (S,R)
Virt Op 3 On
TIMER 1
Cont Ip H1c On
OR(3)
TIMER 2
= Virt Op 4
END
In this expression, the virtual output 4 input to the four-input OR is listed before it is created. This is typical of a form of
feedback, in this case, used to create a seal-in effect with the latch, and is correct.
8. Always test the logic after it is loaded into the relay, in the same way as has been used in the past. Testing can be
simplified by placing an "END" operator within the overall set of FlexLogic equations. The equations are evaluated up

to the first "END" operator.

The "On" and "Off" operands can be placed in an equation to establish a known set of conditions for test purposes, and
the "INSERT" and "DELETE" commands can be used to modify equations.
5.6.4 FlexLogic equation editor

SETTINGS  FLEXLOGIC  FLEXLOGIC EQUATION EDITOR
 FLEXLOGIC FLEXLOGIC ENTRY 1: Range: FlexLogic operands
 EQUATION EDITOR  END

FLEXLOGIC ENTRY 1024: Range: FlexLogic operands
 END
There are 1,024 FlexLogic entries available, numbered from 1 to 1024, with default END entry settings. If a "Disabled"
element is selected as a FlexLogic entry, the associated state flag is never set to ‘1’. Press the +/– key when editing
FlexLogic equations to quickly scan through the major parameter types.
5.6.5 FlexLogic timers

SETTINGS  FLEXLOGIC  FLEXLOGIC TIMERS  FLEXLOGIC TIMER 1(32)
 FLEXLOGIC TIMER 1 Range: millisecond, second, minute
 TIMER 1  TYPE: millisecond
 TIMER 1 PICKUP Range: 0 to 60000 in steps of 1 5

DELAY: 0
TIMER 1 DROPOUT Range: 0 to 60000 in steps of 1

 DELAY: 0
There are 32 identical FlexLogic timers available. These timers are used as operators for FlexLogic equations.
TIMER 1 TYPE — Selects the time measurement unit.
TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY — Sets the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set this function to "0."
TIMER 1 DROPOUT DELAY — Sets the time delay to dropout. If a dropout delay is not required, set this function to "0."
5.6.6 FlexElements
SETTINGS  FLEXLOGIC  FLEXELEMENTS  FLEXELEMENT 1(8)
 FLEXELEMENT 1 FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
FLEXELEMENT 1 NAME: Range: up to six alphanumeric characters

 FxE 1
FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN: Range: Off, any analog actual value parameter

 Off
FLEXELEMENT 1 -IN: Range: Off, any analog actual value parameter

 Off
FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT Range: SIGNED, ABSOLUTE

 MODE: SIGNED
FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP Range: LEVEL, DELTA

 MODE: LEVEL

FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: OVER, UNDER

 DIRECTION: OVER
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 PICKUP: 1.000 pu
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: 0.1 to 50.0% in steps of 0.1

 HYSTERESIS: 3.0%
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt Range: Milliseconds, Seconds, Minutes

 UNIT: Milliseconds
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt: Range: 20 to 86400 in steps of 1

 20
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
FLEXELEMENT 1 RST Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
FLEXELEMENT 1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Self-reset, Disabled, Latched

 TARGET: Self-reset
FLEXELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

A FlexElement is a universal comparator used to monitor any analog actual value calculated by the relay or a net
difference of any two analog actual values of the same type. The effective operating signal can be treated as a signed
5 number or its absolute value can be used.
FlexElements run every half power cycle (every four protection passes).
The element can be programmed to respond either to a signal level or to a rate-of-change (delta) over a pre-defined period
of time. The output operand is asserted when the operating signal is higher than a threshold or lower than a threshold, as
per your choice.
Figure 5-80: FlexElement logic

FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN — This setting specifies the first (non-inverted) input to the FlexElement. Zero is assumed as the input if
this setting is set to “Off.” For proper operation of the element, at least one input must be selected. Otherwise, the element
does not assert its output operands.
FLEXELEMENT 1 –IN — Specifies the second (inverted) input to the FlexElement. Zero is assumed as the input if this setting is
set to “Off.” For proper operation of the element, at least one input must be selected. Otherwise, the element does not
assert its output operands. This input is used to invert the signal if needed for convenience, or to make the element
respond to a differential signal, such as for a top-bottom oil temperature differential alarm. The element does not operate
if the two input signals are of different types, for example if one tries to use active power and phase angle to build the
effective operating signal.
The element responds directly to the differential signal if the FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE setting is set to “Signed” The
element responds to the absolute value of the differential signal if this setting is set to “Absolute.” Sample applications for
the “Absolute” setting include monitoring the angular difference between two phasors with a symmetrical limit angle in
both directions, monitoring power regardless of its direction, or monitoring a trend.
The element responds directly to its operating signal—as defined by the FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN, FLEXELEMENT 1 –IN and
FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE settings—if the FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE setting is set to “Level.” The element responds to the
rate of change of its operating signal if the FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE setting is set to “Delta.” In this case, the
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt UNIT and FLEXELEMENT 1 dt settings specify how the rate of change is derived.
FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION — Enables the relay to respond to either high or low values of the operating signal. The following
figure explains the application of the FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION, FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP, and FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS
settings.
Figure 5-81: FlexElement direction, pickup, and hysteresis
In conjunction with the FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE setting, the element can be programmed to provide two extra
characteristics, as shown in the following figure.

Figure 5-82: FlexElement input mode setting
FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP — This setting specifies the operating threshold for the effective operating signal of the element. If
set to “Over,” the element picks up when the operating signal exceeds the FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP value. If set to “Under,” the
element picks up when the operating signal falls below the FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP value.
FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS — This setting controls the element dropout. Notice that both the operating signal and the
pickup threshold can be negative, facilitating applications such as reverse power alarm protection. The FlexElement can be
programmed to work with all analog actual values measured by the relay. The FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP setting is entered in
per-unit values using the following definitions of the base units.
Table 5-22: FlexElement base units
Unit Description
BREAKER ACC ARCING AMPS BASE = 2000 kA2 × cycle
(Brk X Acc Arc Amp A, B, and C)
BREAKER ARCING AMPS BASE = 1 kA2 × cycle
(Brk X Arc Amp A, B, and C)
DCmA BASE = maximum value of the DCMA INPUT MAX setting for the two transducers configured
under the +IN and –IN inputs
DELTA TIME BASE = 1 µs

Unit Description
FAULT LOCATION BASE = Line Length as specified in Fault Report
FREQUENCY fBASE = 1 Hz
FREQUENCY RATE OF CHANGE df/dtBASE = 1 Hz/s
PHASE ANGLE ϕBASE = 360 degrees (see the UR angle referencing convention)
POWER FACTOR PFBASE = 1.00
RTDs BASE = 100°C
SOURCE CURRENT IBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE POWER PBASE = maximum value of VBASE × IBASE for the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE VOLTAGE VBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SYNCHROCHECK VBASE = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and –IN inputs
(Max Delta Volts)
ZBASE ZBASE = PhaseVTSecondary / PhaseCTSecondary, where PhaseVTSecondary and
PhaseCTSecondary are the secondary nominal voltage and the secondary nominal current of the
distance source. In case multiple CT inputs are summed as one source current and mapped as the
distance source, use the PhaseCTSecondary value from the CT with the highest primary nominal
current.
Distance source is specified in setting under SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING
GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE.
PhaseVTSecondary and PhaseCTSecondary are specified in setting under SETTINGS  SYSTEM
SETUP  AC INPUTS.
FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS — This setting defines the pickup–dropout relation of the element by specifying the width of the
hysteresis loop as a percentage of the pickup value as shown in the FlexElement Direction, Pickup, and Hysteresis diagram.
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt UNIT — Specifies the time unit for the setting FLEXELEMENT 1 dt . This setting is applicable only if
FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE is set to “Delta.”
5
FLEXELEMENT 1 dt — Specifies duration of the time interval for the rate of change mode of operation. This setting is
applicable only if FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE is set to “Delta.”
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY — Specifies the pickup delay of the element.
FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY — Specifies the reset delay of the element.
5.6.7 Non-volatile latches

SETTINGS  FLEXLOGIC  NON-VOLATILE LATCHES  LATCH 1(16)
 LATCH 1 LATCH 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
LATCH 1 ID: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 NV Latch 1
LATCH 1 TYPE: Range: Reset Dominant, Set Dominant

 Reset Dominant
LATCH 1 SET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
LATCH 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
LATCH 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

LATCH 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The non-volatile latches provide a permanent logical flag that is stored safely and do not reset upon restart after the relay
is powered down. Typical applications include sustaining operator commands or permanently blocking relay functions,
such as Autorecloser, until a deliberate interface action resets the latch.

GROUPED ELEMENTS CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
LATCH 1 TYPE — This setting characterizes Latch 1 to be Set- or Reset-dominant.

LATCH 1 SET — If asserted, the specified FlexLogic operands 'sets' Latch 1.
LATCH 1 RESET — If asserted, the specified FlexLogic operand 'resets' Latch 1.
Figure 5-83: Non-volatile latch operation table (N = 1 to 16) and logic
Latch n type Latch n Latch n Latch n Latch n

set reset on off
Reset ON OFF ON OFF
Dominant
OFF OFF Previous Previous
State State
ON ON OFF ON
5 OFF ON OFF ON
Set ON OFF ON OFF
Dominant
ON ON ON OFF
OFF OFF Previous Previous
State State
OFF ON OFF ON
5.7 Grouped elements

5.7.1 Overview
Each protection element can be assigned up to six sets of settings with designations 1 to 6. The performance of these
elements is defined by the active setting group at a given time. Multiple setting groups allow the user to conveniently
change protection settings for different operating situations (for example, altered power system configuration or season of
the year). The active setting group can be preset or selected in the SETTING GROUPS menu (see the Control Elements section
later in this chapter). See also the Introduction to Elements section at the beginning of this chapter.
5.7.2 Setting group 1

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)
 SETTING GROUP 1  LINE PICKUP See below
  
 DISTANCE See page 5-169

 

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS
 POWER SWING See page 5-187

  DETECT
 LOAD ENCROACHMENT See page 5-196

 
 PHASE CURRENT See page 5-197

 
 NEUTRAL CURRENT See page 5-209

 
 WATTMETRIC See page 5-217

  GROUND FAULT
 GROUND CURRENT See page 5-221

 
 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE See page 5-224

  CURRENT
 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS See page 5-230

 
Each of the six setting group menus is identical. Setting group 1 (the default active group) is active automatically when no
other group is active.
If the device incorrectly switches to group 1 after power cycling, upgrade the firmware to version 7.31 or later to correct
this issue.
5.7.3 Line pickup

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  LINE PICKUP
5
 LINE PICKUP LINE PICKUP Range: Disabled, Enabled
LINE PICKUP SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE IOC LINE Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

LINE PICKUP UV PKP: Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 0.700 pu
LINE END OPEN PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.150 s
LINE END OPEN RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.090 s
LINE PICKUP OV PKP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.040 s
AR CO-ORD BYPASS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Enabled
AR CO-ORD PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.045 s
AR CO-ORD RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.005 s
TERMINAL OPEN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR ACCELERATE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

LINE PICKUP DISTANCE Range: Disabled, Enabled

 TRIP: Enabled
LINE PICKUP BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
LINE PICKUP Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

LINE PICKUP Range: Disabled, Enabled

The line pickup feature uses a combination of undercurrent and undervoltage to identify a line that has been de-energized
(line end open). Alternately assign a FlexLogic operand to the TERMINAL OPEN setting that specifies the terminal status.
Three instantaneous overcurrent elements are used to identify a previously de-energized line that has been closed onto a
fault. Faults other than close-in faults can be identified satisfactorily with the distance elements.
Co-ordination features are included to ensure satisfactory operation when high-speed automatic reclosure (AR) is
employed. The AR CO-ORD DELAY setting allows the overcurrent setting to be below the expected load current seen after
reclose. Co-ordination is achieved by all of the LINE PICKP UV elements resetting and blocking the trip path before the AR
CO-ORD DELAY times out. The AR CO-ORD BYPASS setting is normally enabled. It is disabled if high speed autoreclosure is
implemented.
The line pickup protection incorporates zone 1 extension capability. When the line is being re-energized from the local
terminal, pickup of an overreaching zone 2 or excessive phase current within eight power cycles after the autorecloser
issues a close command results in the LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP FlexLogic operand. For security, the overcurrent trip is
supervised by an undervoltage condition, which in turn is controlled by the VT FUSE FAIL OP operand with a 10 ms
coordination timer. If a trip from distance is not required, then it can be disabled with the LINE PICKUP DISTANCE TRIP setting.
Configure the LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP operand to perform a trip action if the intent is zone 1 extension.
5 The zone 1 extension philosophy used here normally operates from an under-reaching zone, and it uses an overreaching
distance zone when reclosing the line with the other line end open. The AR ACCELERATE setting is provided to achieve zone
1 extension functionality if external autoreclosure is employed. Another zone 1 extension approach is to apply
permanently an overreaching zone, and reduce the reach when reclosing. This philosophy can be programmed via the
autoreclose scheme.
LINE PICKUP FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the line pickup feature.
LINE PICKUP SIGNAL SOURCE — Selects the signal source for line pickup protection.
PHASE IOC LINE PICKUP — Specifies the level of line current required to declare a line pickup operation when the line is re-
energized.
LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY — Specifies the time during which the line is de-energized before the line pickup logic is
armed.
LINE END OPEN RESET DELAY — Specifies the time during which the line pickup logic remains armed once the line has been
re-energized.
AR CO-ORD BYPASS — The coordination timer allows the overcurrent detector to be set below the expected load current
seen after reclose. When this setting is enabled (the default value), the coordination timer is bypassed. Disable this setting
(removing the bypass and inserting the timer) if high speed autoreclosure is employed.
AR CO-ORD PICKUP DELAY — If the setting of the overcurrent detector is less than the load current, then it picks up during a
normal re-energization of the line. This setting delays the assertion of the LINE PICKUP OP operand, allowing the recovery of
the line voltage to block the scheme.
AR CO-ORD RESET DELAY — This setting extends the assertion of the line pickup output when autoreclose coordination is not
bypassed.
TERMINAL OPEN — This setting allows the line pickup element to be armed from a status signal (such as breaker position)
rather than from current and voltage. The FlexLogic operand assigned to this setting indicates that the terminal is opened.
It can be derived by combining the status of several devices in a FlexLogic equation.
AR ACCELERATE — This setting provides zone 1 extension functionality if external autoreclosure is employed.
LINE PICKUP BLOCK — Assertion of the FlexLogic operand assigned to this setting blocks operation of the line pickup
element.

LINE PICKUP EVENTS — This setting enables and disables the logging of line pickup events in the sequence of events
recorder.
Figure 5-84: Line pickup logic
5.7.4 Distance
5.7.4.1 Menu
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE
 DISTANCE DISTANCE Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
  SOURCE: SRC 1
MEMORY Range: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1

 DURATION: 10 cycles
FORCE SELF-POLAR: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

FORCE MEM-POLAR: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
FAST DISTANCE: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Enabled
PH DIST PH SELECT Range: Disabled, Enabled

 SUPV: Enabled
 PHASE DISTANCE Z1 See page 5-171

 

 PHASE DISTANCE Z5
 
 GROUND DISTANCE Z1 See page 5-181

 

 GROUND DISTANCE Z5
 
The following common settings are available for distance protection.

The DISTANCE SOURCE identifies the signal source for all distance functions. The mho distance functions use a dynamic
characteristic; the positive-sequence voltage—either memorized or actual—is used as a polarizing signal. The memory
voltage is also used by the built-in directional supervising functions applied for both the mho and quad characteristics.
The MEMORY DURATION setting specifies the length of time that a memorized positive-sequence voltage is used in the
distance calculations. After this interval expires, the relay checks the magnitude of the actual positive-sequence voltage. If
5 it is higher than 10% of the nominal, the actual voltage is used, and if lower the memory voltage continues to be used.
The memory is established when the positive-sequence voltage stays above 80% of its nominal value for five power
system cycles. For this reason, it is important to ensure that the nominal secondary voltage of the VT is entered correctly
under the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK menu.
Set MEMORY DURATION long enough to ensure stability on close-in reverse three-phase faults. For this purpose, consider the
maximum fault clearing time (breaker fail time) in the substation. On the other hand, the MEMORY DURATION cannot be too
long as the power system can experience power swing conditions rotating the voltage and current phasors slowly while
the memory voltage is static, as frozen at the beginning of the fault. Keeping the memory in effect for too long can
eventually lead to incorrect operation of the distance functions.
The distance zones can be forced to become self-polarized through the FORCE SELF-POLAR setting. Any user-selected
condition (any FlexLogic operand) can be configured to force self-polarization. When the selected operand is asserted
(logic 1), the distance functions become self-polarized regardless of other memory voltage logic conditions. When the
selected operand is de-asserted (logic 0), the distance functions follow other conditions of the memory voltage logic as
shown in the following logic diagram.
The distance zones can be forced to become memory-polarized through the FORCE MEM-POLAR setting. Any user-selected
condition (any FlexLogic operand) can be configured to force memory polarization. When the selected operand is asserted
(logic 1), the distance functions become memory-polarized regardless of the positive-sequence voltage magnitude at this
time. When the selected operand is de-asserted (logic 0), the distance functions follow other conditions of the memory
voltage logic.
Never let the FORCE SELF-POLAR and FORCE MEM-POLAR settings to be asserted simultaneously. If this happens, the logic
gives higher priority to forcing self-polarization as indicated in the logic diagram. This is consistent with the overall
philosophy of distance memory polarization.
The memory polarization cannot be applied permanently but for a limited time only. The self-polarization can be
applied permanently and therefore takes higher priority.
FAST DISTANCE enables the fast distance algorithm in phase and ground zone 1 and zone 2. Disable fast distance for
distance protection applications on a series compensated line.

PH DIST PH SELECT SUPV enables phase selection supervision on phase distance zone 1 to zone 3.
Figure 5-85: Memory voltage logic
5.7.4.2 Phase distance (ANSI 21P, IEC PDIS)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE  PHASE DISTANCE Z1(Z5)
 PHASE DISTANCE Z1 PHS DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
PHS DIST Z1 DIR: Range: Forward, Reverse, Non-directional

 Forward
 PHS DIST Z1
SHAPE: Mho
Range: Mho, Quad 5
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR VOL Range: None, Dy1, Dy3, Dy5, Dy7, Dy9, Dy11, Yd1,
 CONNECTION: None Yd3, Yd5, Yd7, Yd9, Yd11
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR CUR Range: None, Dy1, Dy3, Dy5, Dy7, Dy9, Dy11, Yd1,
 CONNECTION: None Yd3, Yd5, Yd7, Yd9, Yd11
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 2.00 Ω
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1

 RCA: 85°
PHS DIST Z1 REV Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 2.00 Ω
PHS DIST Z1 REV Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1

 REACH RCA: 85°

 COMP LIMIT: 90°

 DIR RCA: 85°

 DIR COMP LIMIT: 90°
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 RGT BLD: 10.00 Ω
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1

 RGT BLD RCA: 85°
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 LFT BLD: 10.00 Ω

PHS DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1

 LFT BLD RCA: 85°
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 SUPV: 0.200 pu
PHS DIST Z1 VOLT Range: 0.000 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 LEVEL: 0.000 pu
PHS DIST Z1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
PHS DIST Z1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PHS DIST Z1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHS DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The phase mho distance function uses a dynamic 100% memory-polarized mho characteristic with additional reactance,
directional, and overcurrent supervising characteristics. When set to “Non-directional,” the mho function becomes an
offset mho with the reverse reach controlled independently from the forward reach, and all the directional characteristics
removed.
The phase quadrilateral distance function has a reactance characteristic, right and left blinders, and 100% memory-
polarized directional and current supervising characteristics. When set to “Non-directional,” the quadrilateral function
applies a reactance line in the reverse direction instead of the directional comparators.
Each phase distance zone is configured individually through its own setting menu. All of the settings can be independently
5 modified for each of the zones except:
• The SIGNAL SOURCE setting (common for the distance elements of all zones as entered under SETTINGS  GROUPED
ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE)
• The MEMORY DURATION setting (common for the distance elements of all zones as entered under SETTINGS 
GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE)
The common distance settings described earlier must be chosen properly for correct operation of the phase distance
elements.
Although all zones can be used as either instantaneous elements (pickup [PKP] and dropout [DPO] FlexLogic operands) or
time-delayed elements (operate [OP] FlexLogic operands), only zone 1 is intended for the instantaneous under-reaching
tripping mode.
Ensure that the Phase VT Secondary Voltage setting (see the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS
 VOLTAGE BANK menu) is set correctly to prevent improper operation of associated memory
action.
PHS DIST Z1 DIR — All phase distance zones are reversible. The forward direction is defined by the PHS DIST Z1 RCA setting,
whereas the reverse direction is shifted 180° from that angle. The non-directional zone spans between the forward reach
impedance defined by the PHS DIST Z1 REACH and PHS DIST Z1 RCA settings, and the reverse reach impedance defined by
PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH and PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA as illustrated in the following figures.
PHS DIST Z1 SHAPE — This setting selects the shape of the phase distance function between the mho and quadrilateral
characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis. The two characteristics and their possible variations are
shown in the following figures.

Figure 5-86: Directional mho phase distance characteristic
Figure 5-87: Non-directional mho phase distance characteristic

Figure 5-88: Directional quadrilateral phase distance characteristic
Figure 5-89: Non-directional quadrilateral phase distance characteristic

Figure 5-90: Mho distance characteristic sample shapes

Figure 5-91: Quadrilateral distance characteristic sample shapes
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR VOL CONNECTION — The phase distance elements can be applied to look through a three-phase delta-wye
or wye-delta power transformer. In addition, VTs and CTs can be located independently from one another at different
windings of the transformer. If the potential source is located at the correct side of the transformer, set this setting to
“None.”
This setting specifies the location of the voltage source with respect to the involved power transformer in the direction of
the zone. The following figure illustrates the usage of this setting. In section (a), zone 1 is looking through a transformer
from the delta into the wye winding. Therefore, the Z1 setting is set to “Dy11.” In section (b), Zone 3 is looking through a
transformer from the wye into the delta winding. Therefore, the Z3 setting is set to “Yd1.” The zone is restricted by the
potential point (location of the VTs) as illustrated in (e).
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR CUR CONNECTION — This setting specifies the location of the current source with respect to the involved
power transformer in the direction of the zone. In section (a) of the following figure, zone 1 is looking through a transformer
from the delta into the wye winding. Therefore, the Z1 setting is set to “Dy11.” In section (b), the CTs are located at the same
side as the read point. Therefore, the Z3 setting is set to “None.”
See the Application of Settings chapter for information on calculating distance reach settings in applications involving
power transformers.

Figure 5-92: Applications of the PH DIST XFMR VOL/CUR CONNECTION settings
PHS DIST Z1 REACH — This setting defines the zone reach for the forward and reverse applications. In the non-directional
applications, this setting defines the forward reach of the zone. The reverse reach impedance in non-directional
applications is set independently. The reach impedance is entered in secondary ohms. The reach impedance angle is
entered as the PHS DIST Z1 RCA setting.
To achieve specified operating speed of distance elements, the relay internally calculates source to line impedance ratio
(SIR) from fault phasors. In these calculations, line impedance is estimated based on the zone 1 reach setting. Therefore, in
order to calculate the SIR value properly and to maintain the optimal operating speed of the distance elements, set zone 1
reach with a regular 80 to 85% of the line impedance reach setting, even when zone 1 is disabled.
PHS DIST Z1 RCA — This setting specifies the characteristic angle (similar to the "maximum torque angle" in previous
technologies) of the phase distance characteristic for the forward and reverse applications. In the non-directional
applications, this setting defines the angle of the forward reach impedance. The reverse reach impedance in the non-
directional applications is set independently. The setting is an angle of reach impedance as shown in the distance
characteristic figures earlier. This setting is independent from PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA , the characteristic angle of an extra
directional supervising function.
PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH — This setting defines the reverse reach of the non-directional zone (PHS DIST Z1 DIR setting). The
value must be entered in secondary ohms. This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to "Forward" or
"Reverse."
PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA — This setting defines the angle of the reverse reach impedance of the non-directional zone
(PHS DIST Z1 DIR setting). This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to "Forward" or "Reverse."

PHS DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT — This setting specifies the shape the operating characteristic. In particular, it produces the lens-
type characteristic of the mho function and a tent-shaped characteristic of the reactance boundary of the quadrilateral
function. If the mho shape is selected, the same limit angle applies to both the mho and supervising reactance
comparators. In conjunction with the mho shape selection, the setting improves loadability of the protected line. In
conjunction with the quadrilateral characteristic, this setting improves security for faults close to the reach point by
adjusting the reactance boundary into a tent-shape.
PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA — This setting selects the characteristic angle (or maximum torque angle) of the directional supervising
function. If the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function as the dynamic mho
characteristic is itself directional. In conjunction with the quadrilateral shape, this setting defines the only directional
function built into the phase distance element. The directional function uses the memory voltage for polarization. This
setting typically equals the distance characteristic angle PHS DIST Z1 RCA .
PHS DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT — Selects the comparator limit angle for the directional supervising function.
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD — This setting defines the right blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the
resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral Phase Distance Characteristic figures). The angular position of
the blinder is adjustable with the use of the PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the
quadrilateral characteristic and is set giving consideration to the maximum load current and required resistive coverage.
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA — This setting defines the angular position of the right blinder of the quadrilateral
characteristic (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figures).
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD — This setting defines the left blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the
resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figures). The angular position of the
blinder is adjustable with the use of the PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral
characteristic and is set with consideration to the maximum load current.
PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA — This setting defines the angular position of the left blinder of the quadrilateral
5 characteristic (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figures).

PHS DIST Z1 SUPV — The phase distance elements are supervised by the magnitude of the line-to-line current (fault loop
current used for the distance calculations). For convenience, is accommodated by the pickup (that is, before being
used, the entered value of the threshold setting is multiplied by ).
If the minimum fault current level is sufficient, set the current supervision pickup above maximum full load current
preventing maloperation under VT fuse fail conditions. This requirement can be difficult to meet for remote faults at the
end of zones 2 and above. If this is the case, set the current supervision pickup below the full load current, but this can
result in maloperation during fuse fail conditions.
PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL — This setting is relevant for applications on series-compensated lines, or in general, if series
capacitors are located between the relaying point and a point where the zone does not overreach. For plain (non-
compensated) lines, set to zero. Otherwise, the setting is entered in per unit of the phase VT bank configured under the
DISTANCE SOURCE. Effectively, this setting facilitates dynamic current-based reach reduction. In non-directional
applications (PHS DIST Z1 DIR set to “Non-directional”), this setting applies only to the forward reach of the non-directional
zone. See the Application of Settings chapter for information on calculating this setting for series compensated lines.
PHS DIST Z1 DELAY — This setting allows the user to delay operation of the distance elements and implement stepped
distance protection. The distance element timers for zones 2 and higher apply a short dropout delay to cope with faults
located close to the zone boundary when small oscillations in the voltages or currents can inadvertently reset the timer.
Zone 1 does not need any drop-out delay since it is sealed-in by the presence of current.
PHS DIST Z1 BLK — This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic operand to block a given distance element. VT fuse fail
detection is one of the applications for this setting.

Figure 5-93: Phase distance zone 1 OP logic
Figure 5-94: Phase distance zone 2 OP logic
For phase distance zone 2, there is a provision to start the zone timer with other distance zones or loop the pickup
flag to avoid prolonging phase distance zone 2 operation when the fault evolves from one type to another or
migrates from the initial zone to zone 2. Assign the required zones in the trip output function to accomplish this
functionality.

Figure 5-95: Phase distance zones 3 and higher OP logic
Figure 5-96: Phase distance logic

5.7.4.3 Ground distance (ANSI 21G, IEC PDIS)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE  GROUND DISTANCE Z1(Z5)
 GROUND DISTANCE Z1 GND DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
GND DIST Z1 DIR: Range: Forward, Reverse, Non-directional

 Forward
GND DIST Z1 Range: Mho, Quad

 SHAPE: Mho
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.00 to 10.00 in steps of 0.01

 Z0/Z1 MAG: 2.70
GND DIST Z1 Range: –90 to 90° in steps of 1

 Z0/Z1 ANG: 0°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.00 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01

 ZOM/Z1 MAG: 0.00
GND DIST Z1 Range: –90 to 90° in steps of 1

 ZOM/Z1 ANG: 0°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 2.00 Ω
GND DIST Z1 Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1

 RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 REV Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 2.00 Ω
 GND DIST Z1 REV Range: 30 to 90° in steps of 1

5
REACH RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 POL Range: Zero-seq, Neg-seq

 CURRENT: Zero-seq
GND DIST Z1 NON- Range: –40.0 to 40.0° in steps of 0.1

 HOMOGEN ANG: 0.0°

 COMP LIMIT: 90°

 DIR RCA: 85°

 DIR COMP LIMIT: 90°
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 RGT BLD: 10.00 Ω
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1

 RGT BLD RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 LFT BLD: 10.00 Ω
GND DIST Z1 QUAD Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1

 LFT BLD RCA: 85°
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 SUPV: 0.200 pu
GND DIST Z1 VOLT Range: 0.000 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 LEVEL: 0.000 pu
GND DIST Z1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s

GND DIST Z1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
GND DIST Z1 Range: Self-Rest, Latched, Disabled

 TARGET: Self-Reset
GND DIST Z1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The ground mho distance function uses a dynamic 100% memory-polarized mho characteristic with additional reactance,
directional, current, and phase selection supervising characteristics. The ground quadrilateral distance function is
composed of a reactance characteristic, right and left blinders, and 100% memory-polarized directional, overcurrent, and
phase selection supervising characteristics.
When set to non-directional, the mho function becomes an offset mho with the reverse reach controlled independently
from the forward reach, and all the directional characteristics removed. When set to non-directional, the quadrilateral
function applies a reactance line in the reverse direction instead of the directional comparators.
The reactance supervision for the mho function uses the zero-sequence current for polarization. The reactance line of the
quadrilateral function uses either zero-sequence or negative-sequence current as a polarizing quantity. The selection is
controlled by a user setting and depends on the degree of non-homogeneity of the zero-sequence and negative-sequence
equivalent networks.
The directional supervision uses memory voltage as polarizing quantity and both zero- and negative-sequence currents as
operating quantities.
The phase selection supervision restrains the ground elements during double-line-to-ground faults as they, by the
principles of distance relaying, can be inaccurate in such conditions. Ground distance zones 1 and higher apply additional
zero-sequence directional supervision.
5 Each ground distance zone is configured individually through its own setting menu. All of the settings can be modified
independently for each of the zones except:
• The SIGNAL SOURCE setting (common for both phase and ground elements for all zones as entered under the SETTINGS
 GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE menu)
• The MEMORY DURATION setting (common for both phase and ground elements for all zones as entered under the
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE menu)
The common distance settings noted at the start of this section must be properly chosen for correct operation of the
ground distance elements.
Although all ground distance zones can be used as either instantaneous elements (pickup [PKP] and dropout [DPO]
FlexLogic signals) or time-delayed elements (operate [OP] FlexLogic signals), only zone 1 is intended for the instantaneous
under-reaching tripping mode.
Ensure that the PHASE VT SECONDARY VOLTAGE (see the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK
menu) is set correctly to prevent improper operation of associated memory action.
GND DIST Z1 DIR — All ground distance zones are reversible. The forward direction is defined by the GND DIST Z1 RCA setting
and the reverse direction is shifted by 180° from that angle. The non-directional zone spans between the forward reach
impedance defined by the GND DIST Z1 REACH and GND DIST Z1 RCA settings, and the reverse reach impedance defined by
the GND DIST Z1 REV REACH and GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA settings.
GND DIST Z1 SHAPE — This setting selects the shape of the ground distance characteristic between the mho and
quadrilateral characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis.
The figures show the directional and non-directional quadrilateral ground distance characteristics. The directional and
non-directional mho ground distance characteristics are the same as those shown for the phase distance element in the
previous section.

Figure 5-97: Directional quadrilateral ground distance characteristic
Figure 5-98: Non-directional quadrilateral ground distance characteristic
GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG — This setting specifies the ratio between the zero-sequence and positive-sequence impedance
required for zero-sequence compensation of the ground distance elements. This setting is available on a per-zone basis,
enabling precise settings for tapped, non-homogeneous, and series compensated lines.
GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG — This setting specifies the angle difference between the zero-sequence and positive-sequence
impedance required for zero-sequence compensation of the ground distance elements. The entered value is the zero-
sequence impedance angle minus the positive-sequence impedance angle. This setting is available on a per-zone basis,
enabling precise values for tapped, non-homologous, and series compensated lines.
GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 MAG — The ground distance elements can be programmed to apply compensation for the zero-
sequence mutual coupling between parallel lines. If this compensation is required, the ground current from the parallel line
(3I_0) measured in the direction of the zone being compensated must be connected to the ground input CT of the CT bank

configured under the DISTANCE SOURCE. This setting specifies the ratio between the magnitudes of the mutual zero-
sequence impedance between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line. Set this setting to zero
if the compensation is not to be performed. Note that internally the mutual coupling compensation is applied only if
3I_0>1.22*IG to ensure that no mutual coupling compensation is applied when the fault is on the parallel line. Mutual
coupling compensation is applied when distance source is assigned with 8F or 8L type DSP module only and when the
ratio of the protected line ground current to parallel line ground current is greater than 1.22.
GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 ANG — This setting specifies the angle difference between the mutual zero-sequence impedance
between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line.
GND DIST Z1 REACH — This setting defines the reach of the zone for the forward and reverse applications. In non-directional
applications, this setting defines the forward reach of the zone. The reverse reach impedance in non-directional
applications is set independently. The angle of the reach impedance is entered as the GND DIST Z1 RCA setting. The reach
impedance is entered in secondary ohms.
To achieve specified operating speed of distance elements, the relay internally calculates source to line impedance ratio
(SIR) from fault phasors. In these calculations, line impedance is estimated based on the zone 1 reach setting. Therefore, in
order to calculate the SIR value properly and to maintain the optimal operating speed of the distance elements, set zone 1
reach with a regular 80 to 85% of the line impedance reach setting, even when zone 1 is disabled.
GND DIST Z1 RCA — This setting specifies the characteristic angle (similar to the maximum torque angle in previous
technologies) of the ground distance characteristic for the forward and reverse applications. In the non-directional
applications, this setting defines the forward reach of the zone. The reverse reach impedance in the non-directional
applications is set independently. This setting is independent from the GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA setting (the characteristic angle
of an extra directional supervising function).
The relay internally performs zero-sequence compensation for the protected circuit based on the values entered
for GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG and GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG, and if configured to do so, zero-sequence compensation for
5 mutual coupling based on the values entered for GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 MAG and GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 ANG. As such,
enter the GND DIST Z1 REACH and GND DIST Z1 RCA values in terms of positive sequence quantities.
GND DIST Z1 REV REACH — This setting defines the reverse reach of the zone set to non-directional (GND DIST Z1 DIR setting).
The value must be entered in secondary ohms. This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to “Forward” or
“Reverse.”
GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA — This setting defines the angle of the reverse reach impedance if the zone is set to non-
directional (GND DIST Z1 DIR setting). This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to “Forward” or “Reverse.”
GND DIST Z1 POL CURRENT — This setting applies only if the GND DIST Z1 SHAPE is set to “Quad” and controls the polarizing
current used by the reactance comparator of the quadrilateral characteristic. Either the zero-sequence or negative-
sequence current can be used. In general, a variety of system conditions must be examined to select an optimum
polarizing current. This setting becomes less relevant when the resistive coverage and zone reach are set conservatively.
Also, this setting is more relevant in lower voltage applications such as on distribution lines or cables, as compared with
high-voltage transmission lines. This setting applies to both the zone 1 and reverse reactance lines if the zone is set to non-
directional. See the Application of Settings chapter for additional information.
GND DIST Z1 NON-HOMOGEN ANG — This setting applies only if the GND DIST Z1 SHAPE is set to “Quad” and provides a method
to correct the angle of the polarizing current of the reactance comparator for non-homogeneity of the zero-sequence or
negative-sequence networks. In general, a variety of system conditions must be examined to select this setting. In many
applications this angle is used to reduce the reach at high resistances in order to avoid overreaching under far-out reach
settings and/or when the sequence networks are greatly non-homogeneous. This setting applies to both the forward and
reverse reactance lines if the zone is set to non-directional. See the Application of Settings chapter for additional
information.
GND DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT — This setting shapes the operating characteristic. In particular, it enables a lens-shaped
characteristic of the mho function and a tent-shaped characteristic of the quadrilateral function reactance boundary. If
the mho shape is selected, the same limit angle applies to mho and supervising reactance comparators. In conjunction
with the mho shape selection, this setting improves loadability of the protected line. In conjunction with the quadrilateral
characteristic, this setting improves security for faults close to the reach point by adjusting the reactance boundary into a
tent-shape.

GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA — Selects the characteristic angle (or maximum torque angle) of the directional supervising function. If
the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function, as the dynamic mho characteristic itself
is a directional one. In conjunction with the quadrilateral shape selection, this setting defines the only directional function
built into the ground distance element. The directional function uses memory voltage for polarization.
GND DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT — This setting selects the comparator limit angle for the directional supervising function.
GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD — This setting defines the right blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the
resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figure). The angular position of the
blinder is adjustable with the use of the GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral
characteristic; set it with consideration to the maximum load current and required resistive coverage.
GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA — This setting defines the angular position of the right blinder of the quadrilateral
characteristic (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figure).
GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD — This setting defines the left blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the
resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figure). The angular position of the
blinder is adjustable with the use of the GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral
characteristic; set it with consideration to the maximum load current.
GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA — This setting defines the angular position of the left blinder of the quadrilateral
characteristic (see the Quadrilateral Distance Characteristic figure).
GND DIST Z1 SUPV — The ground distance elements are supervised by the magnitude of the neutral (3I_0) current. Set the
current supervision pickup to be less than the minimum 3I_0 current for the end of the zone fault, taking into account the
required fault resistance coverage to prevent maloperation due to VT fuse failure. Settings less than 0.2 pu are not
recommended, so apply them with caution. To enhance ground distance security against spurious neutral current during
switch-off transients, three-phase faults, and phase-to-phase faults, a positive-sequence current restraint of 5% is applied
to the neutral current supervision magnitude. Set this setting at least three times the CURRENT CUTOFF LEVEL setting
specified in the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES menu.
GND DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL — This setting is relevant for applications on series-compensated lines, or in general, if series
5
capacitors are located between the relaying point and a point for which the zone shall not overreach. For plain (non-
compensated) lines, set it to zero. Otherwise, the setting is entered in per unit of the VT bank configured under the
DISTANCE SOURCE. Effectively, this setting facilitates dynamic current-based reach reduction. In non-directional
applications (GND DIST Z1 DIR set to “Non-directional”), this setting applies only to the forward reach of the non-directional
zone. See the Application of Settings chapter for details and information on calculating this setting value for applications
on series compensated lines.
GND DIST Z1 DELAY — This setting enables the user to delay operation of the distance elements and implement a stepped
distance backup protection. The distance element timer applies a short drop-out delay to cope with faults located close to
the boundary of the zone when small oscillations in the voltages or currents can inadvertently reset the timer.
GND DIST Z1 BLK — This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic operand to block the given ground distance element.
VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting.

Figure 5-99: Ground distance Z1 to Z3 OP scheme
Figure 5-100: Ground distance zone 1 to zone 3 logic

Ground directional supervision

A dual (zero-sequence and negative-sequence) memory-polarized directional supervision applied to the ground distance
protection elements has been shown to give good directional integrity. However, a reverse double-line-to-ground fault can
lead to bad operation of the ground element in a sound phase if the zone reach setting is increased to cover high
resistance faults.
Ground distance zones 2 and higher use an additional ground directional supervision to enhance directional integrity. The
element’s directional characteristic angle is used as a maximum torque angle together with a 90° limit angle.
The supervision is biased toward operation in order to avoid compromising the sensitivity of ground distance elements at
low signal levels. Otherwise, the reverse fault condition that generates concern has high polarizing levels so that a correct
reverse fault decision can be reliably made.
Figure 5-101: Ground directional supervision logic
5.7.5 Power swing detect (ANSI 68) 5

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  POWER SWING DETECT
 POWER SWING POWER SWING Range: Disabled, Enabled
 DETECT  FUNCTION: Disabled
POWER SWING Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
POWER SWING Range: Mho Shape, Quad Shape

 SHAPE: Mho Shape
POWER SWING Range: Two Step, Three Step

 MODE: Two Step
POWER SWING Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 SUPV: 0.600 pu
POWER SW I2 SUPV ENAB: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
POWER SWING Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 I2 SUPV: 0.200 pu
POWER SWING FWD Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 50.00 Ω
POWER SWING QUAD FWD Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
 REACH MID: 60.00 Ω
POWER SWING QUAD FWD Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
 REACH OUT: 70.00 Ω
POWER SWING FWD Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

 RCA: 75°
POWER SWING REV Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 50.00 Ω

POWER SWING QUAD REV Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
 REACH MID: 60.00 Ω
POWER SWING QUAD REV Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
 REACH OUT: 70.00 Ω
POWER SWING REV Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

 RCA: 75°
POWER SWING OUTER Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1

 LIMIT ANGLE: 120°
POWER SWING MIDDLE Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1

POWER SWING INNER Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1

POWER SWING OUTER Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 RGT BLD: 100.00 Ω
POWER SWING OUTER Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 LFT BLD: 100.00 Ω
POWER SWING MIDDLE Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 RGT BLD: 100.00 Ω
POWER SWING MIDDLE Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 LFT BLD: 100.00 Ω
POWER SWING INNER Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 RGT BLD: 100.00 Ω
5  POWER SWING INNER

LFT BLD: 100.00 Ω
Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
POWER SWING PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY 1: 0.030 s
POWER SWING RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY 1: 0.050 s

 DELAY 2: 0.017 s

 DELAY 3: 0.009 s

 DELAY 4: 0.017 s
POWER SWING SEAL-IN Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.400 s
POWER SWING TRIP Range: Early, Delayed

 MODE: Delayed
POWER SWING BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
POWER SWING Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

POWER SWING Range: Disabled, Enabled

The power swing detect element provides both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. The element
measures the positive-sequence apparent impedance and traces its locus with respect to either two or three user-
selectable operating characteristic boundaries. Upon detecting appropriate timing relations, the blocking and/or tripping
indications are given through FlexLogic operands. The element incorporates an adaptive disturbance detector. This

function does not trigger on power swings, but is capable of detecting faster disturbances—faults in particular—that can
occur during power swings. Operation of this dedicated disturbance detector is signaled via the POWER SWING 50DD
operand.
The power swing detect element asserts two operands intended for blocking selected protection elements on power
swings: POWER SWING BLOCK is a traditional signal that is safely asserted for the entire duration of the power swing, and
POWER SWING UN/BLOCK is established in the same way, but resets when an extra disturbance is detected during the power
swing. The POWER SWING UN/BLOCK operand can be used for blocking selected protection elements if the intent is to
respond to faults during power swing conditions.
Different protection elements respond differently to power swings. If tripping is required for faults during power swing
conditions, some elements can be blocked permanently (using the POWER SWING BLOCK operand), and others can be
blocked and dynamically unblocked upon fault detection (using the POWER SWING UN/BLOCK operand).
View the operating characteristic and logic figures along with the following discussion to understand the operation of the
element.
The power swing detect element operates in three-step or two-step mode, as follows:
• Three-step operation — The power swing blocking sequence essentially times the passage of the locus of the
positive-sequence impedance between the outer and the middle characteristic boundaries. If the locus enters the
outer characteristic (indicated by the POWER SWING OUTER FlexLogic operand) but stays outside the middle
characteristic (indicated by the POWER SWING MIDDLE FlexLogic operand) for an interval longer than POWER SWING
PICKUP DELAY 1, the power swing blocking signal (POWER SWING BLOCK FlexLogic operand) is established and sealed-in.
The blocking signal resets when the locus leaves the outer characteristic, but not sooner than the POWER SWING RESET
DELAY 1 time.
• Two-step operation — If the two-step mode is selected, the sequence is identical to the three-step operation, but it is
the outer and inner characteristics that are used to time the power swing locus.
The out-of-step tripping feature operates as follows for three-step and two-step power swing detection modes:
• Three-step operation — The out-of-step trip sequence identifies unstable power swings by determining if the
5
impedance locus spends a finite time between the outer and middle characteristics and then a finite time between
the middle and inner characteristics. The first step is similar to the power swing blocking sequence. After timer POWER
SWING PICKUP DELAY 1 times out, latch 1 is set as long as the impedance stays within the outer characteristic.
If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the middle
characteristic but stays outside the inner characteristic for a period of time defined as POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2,
latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic. If afterwards, at any time (given the
impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the inner characteristic and stays there for a period
of time defined as POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3, latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer
characteristic; the element is now ready to trip.
If the "Early" trip mode is selected, the POWER SWING TRIP operand is set immediately and sealed-in for the interval set
by the POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY. If the "Delayed" trip mode is selected, the element waits until the impedance locus
leaves the inner characteristic, then times out for the POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 and sets latch 4; the element is
now ready to trip. The trip operand is set later, when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic.
• Two-step operation — Similar to the three-step mode with two exceptions. First, the initial stage monitors the time
spent by the impedance locus between the outer and inner characteristics. Second, the stage involving the POWER
SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 timer is bypassed. It is up to the user to integrate the blocking (POWER SWING BLOCK) and tripping
(POWER SWING TRIP) FlexLogic operands with other protection functions and output contacts in order to make this
element fully operational.
The element can be set to use either lens (mho) or rectangular (quadrilateral) characteristics, as shown in the figure. When
set to “Mho,” the element applies the right and left blinders as well. If the blinders are not required, set their settings high
enough to effectively disable the blinders.

Figure 5-102: Power swing detect mho operating characteristics
5 Figure 5-103: Effects of blinders on the mho characteristics

Figure 5-104: Power swing detect quadrilateral operating characteristics
The FlexLogic output operands for the power swing detect element are as follows:
• POWER SWING OUTER, POWER SWING MIDDLE, POWER SWING INNER, POWER SWING TMR2 PKP, POWER SWING TMR3 PKP, and
POWER SWING TMR4 PKP are auxiliary operands that facilitate testing and special applications
• POWER SWING BLOCK blocks selected protection elements, such as distance functions
• POWER SWING UN/BLOCK blocks those protection elements that are intended to be blocked under power swings, but
subsequently unblocked when a fault occurs after the power swing blocking condition has been established
• POWER SWING 50DD indicates that an adaptive disturbance detector integrated with the element has picked up. This
operand triggers on faults occurring during power swing conditions. This includes both three-phase and single-pole-
open conditions.
• POWER SWING INCOMING indicates an unstable power swing with an incoming locus (the locus enters the inner
characteristic)
• POWER SWING OUTGOING indicates an unstable power swing with an outgoing locus (the locus leaving the outer
characteristic). This operand can be used to count unstable swings and take certain action only after a pre-defined
number of unstable power swings.
• POWER SWING TRIP is a trip command
The settings for the power swing detect element are as follows.
POWER SWING FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the power swing detection element. The setting applies to
both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions.
POWER SWING SOURCE — The source setting identifies the signal source for both blocking and tripping functions.
POWER SWING SHAPE — This setting selects the shapes (either “Mho” or “Quad”) of the outer, middle, and inner
characteristics of the power swing detect element. The operating principle is not affected. The “Mho” characteristics use
the left and right blinders.

POWER SWING MODE — This setting selects between the two-step and three-step operating modes and applies it to both
power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. The three-step mode applies if there is enough space between
the maximum load impedances and distance characteristics of the relay that all three (outer, middle, and inner)
characteristics can be placed between the load and the distance characteristics. Whether the spans between the outer
and middle as well as the middle and inner characteristics are sufficient is determined by analysis of the fastest power
swings expected in correlation with settings of the power swing timers.
The two-step mode uses only the outer and inner characteristics for both blocking and tripping functions. This leaves more
space in heavily loaded systems to place two power swing characteristics between the distance characteristics and the
maximum load, but allows for only one determination of the impedance trajectory.
POWER SWING SUPV — A common overcurrent pickup level supervises all three power swing characteristics. The
supervision responds to the positive-sequence current.
POWER SW I2 SUPV ENAB — This setting is to enable I2 supervision logic through a FlexLogic operand, which is used to
detect the presence of significant unbalance in current signals, such as during fault conditions. Under these conditions, the
POWER SWING BLOCK operand is not asserted.
POWER SWING I2 SUPV — This setting specifies the threshold of the I2 supervision logic.
POWER SWING FWD REACH — This setting specifies the forward reach of all three mho characteristics and the inner
quadrilateral characteristic. For a simple system consisting of a line and two equivalent sources, this reach needs to be
higher than the sum of the line and remote source positive-sequence impedances. Detailed transient stability studies can
be needed for complex systems in order to determine this setting. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the
POWER SWING FWD RCA setting.
POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH MID — This setting specifies the forward reach of the middle quadrilateral characteristic.
The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. The setting is not used if the shape
setting is “Mho.”
5 POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH OUT — This setting specifies the forward reach of the outer quadrilateral characteristic.
POWER SWING FWD RCA — This setting specifies the angle of the forward reach impedance for the mho characteristics,
angles of all blinders, and both forward and reverse reach impedances of the quadrilateral characteristics.
POWER SWING REV REACH — This setting specifies the reverse reach of all three mho characteristics and the inner
quadrilateral characteristic. For a simple system of a line and two equivalent sources, this reach needs to be higher than
the positive-sequence impedance of the local source. Detailed transient stability studies can be needed for complex
systems to determine this setting. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING REV RCA setting for
“Mho,” and the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting for inner “Quad.”
POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH MID — This setting specifies the reverse reach of the middle quadrilateral characteristic.
POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH OUT — This setting specifies the reverse reach of the outer quadrilateral characteristic. The
angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. The setting is not used if the shape
POWER SWING REV RCA — This setting specifies the angle of the reverse reach impedance for the mho characteristics. This
setting applies to mho shapes only.
POWER SWING OUTER LIMIT ANGLE — This setting defines the outer power swing characteristic. The convention depicted in
the power swing detect mho operating characteristic diagram are to be observed: values greater than 90° result in an
apple-shaped characteristic; values less than 90° result in a lens-shaped characteristic. This angle must be selected in
consideration of the maximum expected load. If the maximum load angle is known, coordinate the outer limit angle with a
20° security margin. Detailed studies can be needed for complex systems to determine this setting. This setting applies to
mho shapes only.
POWER SWING MIDDLE LIMIT ANGLE — This setting defines the middle power swing detect characteristic. It is relevant only
for the three-step mode. A typical value is close to the average of the outer and inner limit angles. This setting applies to
mho shapes only.

POWER SWING INNER LIMIT ANGLE — This setting defines the inner power swing detect characteristic. The inner
characteristic is used by the out-of-step tripping function: beyond the inner characteristic out-of-step trip action is definite
(the actual trip can be delayed as per the TRIP MODE setting). Therefore, this angle must be selected in consideration to the
power swing angle beyond which the system becomes unstable and cannot recover.
The inner characteristic is also used by the power swing blocking function in the two-step mode. In this case, set this angle
large enough so that the characteristics of the distance elements are safely enclosed by the inner characteristic. This
setting applies to mho shapes only.
POWER SWING OUTER , MIDDLE, and INNER RGT BLD — These settings specify the resistive reach of the right blinder. The
blinder applies to both “Mho” and “Quad” characteristics. Set these value high if no blinder is required for the “Mho”
characteristic.
POWER SWING OUTER , MIDDLE, and INNER LFT BLD — These settings specify the resistive reach of the left blinder. Enter a
positive value; the relay automatically uses a negative value. The blinder applies to both “Mho” and “Quad” characteristics.
Set this value high if no blinder is required for the “Mho” characteristic.
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1 — All the coordinating timers are related to each other and need to be set to detect the
fastest expected power swing and produce out-of-step tripping in a secure manner. Set the timers in relation to the power
swing detect characteristics, mode of power swing detect operation, and mode of out-of-step tripping. This timer defines
the interval that the impedance locus must spend between the outer and inner characteristics (two-step operating mode),
or between the outer and middle characteristics (three-step operating mode) before the power swing blocking signal is
established. This time delay must be set shorter than the time required for the impedance locus to travel between the two
selected characteristics during the fastest expected power swing. This setting is relevant for both power swing blocking
and out-of-step tripping.
POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1 — This setting defines the dropout delay for the power swing blocking signal. Detection of a
condition requiring a block output sets latch 1 after PICKUP DELAY 1 time. When the impedance locus leaves the outer
characteristic, timer POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1 is started. When the timer times-out, the latch is reset. Select this setting
to give extra security for the power swing blocking action. 5
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 — Controls the out-of-step tripping function in the three-step mode only. This timer defines
the interval the impedance locus must spend between the middle and inner characteristics before the second step of the
out-of-step tripping sequence is completed. This time delay must be set shorter than the time required for the impedance
locus to travel between the two characteristics during the fastest expected power swing.
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3 — Controls the out-of-step tripping function only. It defines the interval the impedance locus
must spend within the inner characteristic before the last step of the out-of-step tripping sequence is completed and the
element is armed to trip. The actual moment of tripping is controlled by the TRIP MODE setting. This time delay is provided
for extra security before the out-of-step trip action is executed.
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 4 — Controls the out-of-step tripping function in “Delayed” trip mode only. This timer defines
the interval the impedance locus must spend outside the inner characteristic but within the outer characteristic before the
element is armed for the delayed trip. The delayed trip occurs when the impedance leaves the outer characteristic. This
time delay is provided for extra security. Set it considering the fastest expected power swing.
POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY — The out-of-step trip FlexLogic operand (POWER SWING TRIP) is sealed-in for the specified
period of time. The sealing-in is crucial in the delayed trip mode, as the original trip signal is a very short pulse occurring
when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic after the out-of-step sequence is completed.
POWER SWING TRIP MODE — Selection of the “Early” trip mode results in an instantaneous trip after the last step in the out-
of-step tripping sequence is completed. The early trip mode stresses the circuit breakers as the currents at that moment
are high (the electromotive forces of the two equivalent systems are approximately 180° apart). Selection of the “Delayed”
trip mode results in a trip at the moment when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic. Delayed trip mode
relaxes the operating conditions for the breakers as the currents at that moment are low. Make the selection considering
the capability of the breakers in the system.
POWER SWING BLK — This setting specifies the FlexLogic operand used for blocking the out-of-step function only. The
power swing blocking function is operational all the time as long as the element is enabled. The blocking signal resets the
output POWER SWING TRIP operand but does not stop the out-of-step tripping sequence.
POWER SWING EVENTS — Enables and disables the logging of power swing detect events in the sequence of events
recorder.

Figure 5-105: Power swing detect logic (Sheet 1 of 3)


5.7.6 Load encroachment

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  LOAD ENCROACHMENT
 LOAD ENCROACHMENT LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: Disabled, Enabled
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 MIN VOLT: 0.250 pu
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.02 to 250.00 ohms in steps of 0.01

 REACH: 1.00 Ω
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 5 to 50° in steps of 1

 ANGLE: 30°
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 PKP DELAY: 0.000 s
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 RST DELAY: 0.000 s
LOAD ENCRMNT BLK: Range: Flexlogic operand

 Off
LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

LOAD ENCROACHMENT Range: Disabled, Enabled


5 EVENTS: Disabled
The load encroachment element responds to the positive-sequence voltage and current and applies a characteristic as
shown in the figure.
Figure 5-108: Load encroachment characteristic
The element operates if the positive-sequence voltage is above a settable level and asserts its output signal that can be
used to block selected protection elements, such as distance or phase overcurrent. The following figure shows an effect of
the load encroachment characteristics used to block the quadrilateral distance element.

Figure 5-109: Load encroachment applied to distance element
LOAD ENCROACHMENT MIN VOLT — This setting specifies the minimum positive-sequence voltage required for operation of
the element. When the voltage is below this threshold, a blocking signal is not asserted by the element. When selecting
this setting, remember that the D30 measures the phase-to-ground sequence voltages regardless of the VT connection.
The nominal VT secondary voltage as specified with the SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK X5  PHASE VT
SECONDARY setting is the per-unit base for this setting.
LOAD ENCROACHMENT REACH — This setting specifies the resistive reach of the element as shown in the Load
Encroachment Characteristic diagram. Enter this setting in secondary ohms and calculate it as the positive-sequence
resistance seen by the relay under maximum load conditions and unity power factor.
5
LOAD ENCROACHMENT ANGLE — This setting specifies the size of the blocking region as shown on the Load Encroachment
Characteristic diagram and applies to the positive-sequence impedance.
Figure 5-110: Load encroachment logic
5.7.7 Phase current
5.7.7.1 Menu
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  PHASE CURRENT
 PHASE CURRENT  PHASE TOC 1 See page 5-203
  

 PHASE TOC 2
 
 PHASE IOC 1 See page 5-205

 
 PHASE IOC 2
 
 PHASE See page 5-206

  DIRECTIONAL 1
 PHASE
  DIRECTIONAL 2
5.7.7.2 Inverse TOC curve characteristics

The inverse time overcurrent curves used by the time overcurrent elements are the IEEE, IEC, GE Type IAC, and I2t standard
curve shapes. This allows for simplified coordination with downstream devices.
If none of these curve shapes is adequate, FlexCurves can be used to customize the inverse time curve characteristics. The
definite time curve is also an option that can be appropriate if only simple protection is required.
Table 5-23: Overcurrent curve types
IEEE IEC GE type IAC Other
IEEE Extremely Inverse IEC Curve A (BS142) IAC Extremely Inverse I 2t
IEEE Very Inverse IEC Curve B (BS142) IAC Very Inverse FlexCurves A, B, C, and D
IEEE Moderately Inverse IEC Curve C (BS142) IAC Inverse Recloser Curves
5 IEC Short Inverse IAC Short Inverse Definite Time
A time dial multiplier setting allows selection of a multiple of the base curve shape (where the time dial multiplier = 1) with
the curve shape (CURVE) setting. Unlike the electromechanical time dial equivalent, operate times are directly proportional
to the time multiplier (TD MULTIPLIER) setting value. For example, all times for a multiplier of 10 are 10 times the multiplier 1
or base curve values. Setting the multiplier to zero results in an instantaneous response to all current levels above pickup.
Time overcurrent time calculations are made with an internal energy capacity memory variable. When this variable
indicates that the energy capacity has reached 100%, a time overcurrent element operates. If less than 100% energy
capacity is accumulated in this variable and the current falls below the dropout threshold of 97 to 98% of the pickup value,
the variable must be reduced. Two methods of this resetting operation are available: “Instantaneous” and “Timed.” The
“Instantaneous” selection is intended for applications with other relays, such as most static relays, which set the energy
capacity directly to zero when the current falls below the reset threshold. The “Timed” selection can be used where the
relay must coordinate with electromechanical relays.
IEEE curves
The IEEE time overcurrent curve shapes conform to industry standards and the IEEE C37.112-1996 curve classifications for
extremely, very, and moderately inverse curves. The IEEE curves are derived from the operate and reset time equations.
Eq. 5-7
where
T = operate time (in seconds)
TDM = Multiplier setting
I = input current
Ipickup = Pickup Current setting

A, B, p = constants defined in the table

TRESET = reset time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET is “Timed”)
tr = characteristic constant defined in the table
Table 5-24: IEEE inverse time curve constants
IEEE curve shape A B p tr
IEEE Extremely Inverse 28.2 0.1217 2.0000 29.1
IEEE Very Inverse 19.61 0.491 2.0000 21.6
IEEE Moderately Inverse 0.0515 0.1140 0.02000 4.85
Table 5-25: IEEE curve trip times (in seconds)

Multiplier Current ( I / Ipickup)
(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
IEEE Extremely Inverse
0.5 11.341 4.761 1.823 1.001 0.648 0.464 0.355 0.285 0.237 0.203
1.0 22.682 9.522 3.647 2.002 1.297 0.927 0.709 0.569 0.474 0.407
2.0 45.363 19.043 7.293 4.003 2.593 1.855 1.418 1.139 0.948 0.813
4.0 90.727 38.087 14.587 8.007 5.187 3.710 2.837 2.277 1.897 1.626
6.0 136.090 57.130 21.880 12.010 7.780 5.564 4.255 3.416 2.845 2.439
8.0 181.454 76.174 29.174 16.014 10.374 7.419 5.674 4.555 3.794 3.252
10.0 226.817 95.217 36.467 20.017 12.967 9.274 7.092 5.693 4.742 4.065
IEEE Very Inverse
0.5
1.0
8.090
16.179
3.514
7.028
1.471
2.942
0.899
1.798
0.654
1.308
0.526
1.051
0.450
0.900
0.401
0.802
0.368
0.736
0.345
0.689
5
2.0 32.358 14.055 5.885 3.597 2.616 2.103 1.799 1.605 1.472 1.378
4.0 64.716 28.111 11.769 7.193 5.232 4.205 3.598 3.209 2.945 2.756
6.0 97.074 42.166 17.654 10.790 7.849 6.308 5.397 4.814 4.417 4.134
8.0 129.432 56.221 23.538 14.387 10.465 8.410 7.196 6.418 5.889 5.513
10.0 161.790 70.277 29.423 17.983 13.081 10.513 8.995 8.023 7.361 6.891
IEEE Moderately Inverse
0.5 3.220 1.902 1.216 0.973 0.844 0.763 0.706 0.663 0.630 0.603
1.0 6.439 3.803 2.432 1.946 1.688 1.526 1.412 1.327 1.260 1.207
2.0 12.878 7.606 4.864 3.892 3.377 3.051 2.823 2.653 2.521 2.414
4.0 25.756 15.213 9.729 7.783 6.753 6.102 5.647 5.307 5.041 4.827
6.0 38.634 22.819 14.593 11.675 10.130 9.153 8.470 7.960 7.562 7.241
8.0 51.512 30.426 19.458 15.567 13.507 12.204 11.294 10.614 10.083 9.654
10.0 64.390 38.032 24.322 19.458 16.883 15.255 14.117 13.267 12.604 12.068
IEC curves
For European applications, the relay offers three standard curves defined in IEC 255-4 and British standard BS142. These
are defined as IEC Curve A, IEC Curve B, and IEC Curve C. The IEC curves are derived by the operate and reset time
equations.
Eq. 5-8
where


I = input current
K, E = constants defined in the table
Table 5-26: IEC (BS) inverse time curve constants
IEC (BS) curve shape K E tr
IEC Curve A (BS142) 0.140 0.020 9.7
IEC Curve B (BS142) 13.500 1.000 43.2
IEC Curve C (BS142) 80.000 2.000 58.2
IEC Short Inverse 0.050 0.040 0.500
Table 5-27: IEC curve trip times (in seconds)

(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
IEC Curve A
0.05 0.860 0.501 0.315 0.249 0.214 0.192 0.176 0.165 0.156 0.149
0.10 1.719 1.003 0.630 0.498 0.428 0.384 0.353 0.330 0.312 0.297
0.20 3.439 2.006 1.260 0.996 0.856 0.767 0.706 0.659 0.623 0.594
0.40 6.878 4.012 2.521 1.992 1.712 1.535 1.411 1.319 1.247 1.188
5 0.60 10.317 6.017 3.781 2.988 2.568 2.302 2.117 1.978 1.870 1.782
0.80 13.755 8.023 5.042 3.984 3.424 3.070 2.822 2.637 2.493 2.376
1.00 17.194 10.029 6.302 4.980 4.280 3.837 3.528 3.297 3.116 2.971
IEC Curve B
0.05 1.350 0.675 0.338 0.225 0.169 0.135 0.113 0.096 0.084 0.075
0.10 2.700 1.350 0.675 0.450 0.338 0.270 0.225 0.193 0.169 0.150
0.20 5.400 2.700 1.350 0.900 0.675 0.540 0.450 0.386 0.338 0.300
0.40 10.800 5.400 2.700 1.800 1.350 1.080 0.900 0.771 0.675 0.600
0.60 16.200 8.100 4.050 2.700 2.025 1.620 1.350 1.157 1.013 0.900
0.80 21.600 10.800 5.400 3.600 2.700 2.160 1.800 1.543 1.350 1.200
1.00 27.000 13.500 6.750 4.500 3.375 2.700 2.250 1.929 1.688 1.500
IEC Curve C
0.05 3.200 1.333 0.500 0.267 0.167 0.114 0.083 0.063 0.050 0.040
0.10 6.400 2.667 1.000 0.533 0.333 0.229 0.167 0.127 0.100 0.081
0.20 12.800 5.333 2.000 1.067 0.667 0.457 0.333 0.254 0.200 0.162
0.40 25.600 10.667 4.000 2.133 1.333 0.914 0.667 0.508 0.400 0.323
0.60 38.400 16.000 6.000 3.200 2.000 1.371 1.000 0.762 0.600 0.485
0.80 51.200 21.333 8.000 4.267 2.667 1.829 1.333 1.016 0.800 0.646
1.00 64.000 26.667 10.000 5.333 3.333 2.286 1.667 1.270 1.000 0.808
IEC Short Inverse
0.05 0.153 0.089 0.056 0.044 0.038 0.034 0.031 0.029 0.027 0.026
0.10 0.306 0.178 0.111 0.088 0.075 0.067 0.062 0.058 0.054 0.052
0.20 0.612 0.356 0.223 0.175 0.150 0.135 0.124 0.115 0.109 0.104
0.40 1.223 0.711 0.445 0.351 0.301 0.269 0.247 0.231 0.218 0.207
0.60 1.835 1.067 0.668 0.526 0.451 0.404 0.371 0.346 0.327 0.311
0.80 2.446 1.423 0.890 0.702 0.602 0.538 0.494 0.461 0.435 0.415


(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
1.00 3.058 1.778 1.113 0.877 0.752 0.673 0.618 0.576 0.544 0.518
IAC curves
The curves for the General Electric type IAC relay family are derived from the formulae:
Eq. 5-9
where
I = Input current
Ipkp = Pickup Current setting
A to E = constants defined in the table
Table 5-28: GE type IAC inverse time curve constants
IAC curve shape A B C D E tr
IAC Extreme Inverse 0.0040 0.6379 0.6200 1.7872 0.2461 6.008
IAC Very Inverse 0.0900 0.7955 0.1000 –1.2885 7.9586 4.678 5
IAC Inverse 0.2078 0.8630 0.8000 –0.4180 0.1947 0.990
IAC Short Inverse 0.0428 0.0609 0.6200 –0.0010 0.0221 0.222
Table 5-29: GE type IAC curve trip times

(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
IAC Extremely Inverse
0.5 1.699 0.749 0.303 0.178 0.123 0.093 0.074 0.062 0.053 0.046
1.0 3.398 1.498 0.606 0.356 0.246 0.186 0.149 0.124 0.106 0.093
2.0 6.796 2.997 1.212 0.711 0.491 0.372 0.298 0.248 0.212 0.185
4.0 13.591 5.993 2.423 1.422 0.983 0.744 0.595 0.495 0.424 0.370
6.0 20.387 8.990 3.635 2.133 1.474 1.115 0.893 0.743 0.636 0.556
8.0 27.183 11.987 4.846 2.844 1.966 1.487 1.191 0.991 0.848 0.741
10.0 33.979 14.983 6.058 3.555 2.457 1.859 1.488 1.239 1.060 0.926
IAC Very Inverse
0.5 1.451 0.656 0.269 0.172 0.133 0.113 0.101 0.093 0.087 0.083
1.0 2.901 1.312 0.537 0.343 0.266 0.227 0.202 0.186 0.174 0.165
2.0 5.802 2.624 1.075 0.687 0.533 0.453 0.405 0.372 0.349 0.331
4.0 11.605 5.248 2.150 1.374 1.065 0.906 0.810 0.745 0.698 0.662
6.0 17.407 7.872 3.225 2.061 1.598 1.359 1.215 1.117 1.046 0.992
8.0 23.209 10.497 4.299 2.747 2.131 1.813 1.620 1.490 1.395 1.323
10.0 29.012 13.121 5.374 3.434 2.663 2.266 2.025 1.862 1.744 1.654
IAC Inverse
0.5 0.578 0.375 0.266 0.221 0.196 0.180 0.168 0.160 0.154 0.148
1.0 1.155 0.749 0.532 0.443 0.392 0.360 0.337 0.320 0.307 0.297


(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
2.0 2.310 1.499 1.064 0.885 0.784 0.719 0.674 0.640 0.614 0.594
4.0 4.621 2.997 2.128 1.770 1.569 1.439 1.348 1.280 1.229 1.188
6.0 6.931 4.496 3.192 2.656 2.353 2.158 2.022 1.921 1.843 1.781
8.0 9.242 5.995 4.256 3.541 3.138 2.878 2.695 2.561 2.457 2.375
10.0 11.552 7.494 5.320 4.426 3.922 3.597 3.369 3.201 3.072 2.969
IAC Short Inverse
0.5 0.072 0.047 0.035 0.031 0.028 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.025
1.0 0.143 0.095 0.070 0.061 0.057 0.054 0.052 0.051 0.050 0.049
2.0 0.286 0.190 0.140 0.123 0.114 0.108 0.105 0.102 0.100 0.099
4.0 0.573 0.379 0.279 0.245 0.228 0.217 0.210 0.204 0.200 0.197
6.0 0.859 0.569 0.419 0.368 0.341 0.325 0.314 0.307 0.301 0.296
8.0 1.145 0.759 0.559 0.490 0.455 0.434 0.419 0.409 0.401 0.394
10.0 1.431 0.948 0.699 0.613 0.569 0.542 0.524 0.511 0.501 0.493
I2t curves
The I2t curves are derived as follows:
Eq. 5-10
5
where
T = Operate time (in seconds)
I = Input current
Table 5-30: I2t curve trip times

(TDM)
1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
0.01 0.44 0.25 0.11 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
0.10 4.44 2.50 1.11 0.63 0.40 0.28 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.10
1.00 44.44 25.00 11.11 6.25 4.00 2.78 2.04 1.56 1.23 1.00
10.00 444.44 250.00 111.11 62.50 40.00 27.78 20.41 15.63 12.35 10.00
100.00 4444.4 2500.0 1111.1 625.00 400.00 277.78 204.08 156.25 123.46 100.00
600.00 26666.7 15000.0 6666.7 3750.0 2400.0 1666.7 1224.5 937.50 740.74 600.00

FlexCurves
FlexCurves are described in the FlexCurves section later in this chapter. The curve shapes for the FlexCurves are derived
from the formulae:
Eq. 5-11
Eq. 5-12
where
I = Input Current
TRESET = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
Definite time curve

The Definite Time curve shape operates as soon as the pickup level is exceeded for a specified period of time. The base
definite time curve delay is in seconds. The curve multiplier of 0.00 to 600.00 makes this delay adjustable from
instantaneous to 600.00 seconds in steps of 10 ms. The definite time curve shapes are defined as follows:
Eq. 5-13
5
Eq. 5-14
where
T = Operate Time (in seconds)
I = Input Current
TRESET = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
Recloser curves
The D30 uses the FlexCurve feature to facilitate programming of 41 recloser curves. See the FlexCurves settings section
earlier in this chapter for details.
5.7.7.3 Phase time overcurrent (ANSI 51P, IEC PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  PHASE CURRENT  PHASE TOC1(2)
 PHASE TOC 1 PHASE TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
PHASE TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE TOC1 Range: Phasor, RMS

 INPUT: Phasor
PHASE TOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

PHASE TOC1 Range: see Overcurrent Curve Types table

 CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv

PHASE TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01

 TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
PHASE TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed

 RESET: Instantaneous
PHASE TOC1 VOLTAGE Range: Disabled, Enabled

 RESTRAINT: Disabled
PHASE TOC1 BLOCK A: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PHASE TOC1 BLOCK B: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PHASE TOC1 BLOCK C: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PHASE TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHASE TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The phase time overcurrent element can provide a specified time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current
or be used as a simple definite time element. The phase current input quantities can be programmed as fundamental
phasor magnitude or total waveform RMS magnitude as required by the application.
Two methods of resetting operation are available: “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (see the Inverse TOC Curve Characteristics
section earlier for details on curve setup, trip times, and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time
accumulator resets according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to
5 “Instantaneous” and the element is blocked, the time accumulator clears immediately.
The PHASE TOC1 PICKUP setting can be reduced dynamically by a voltage restraint feature (when enabled). This is
accomplished via the multipliers (Mvr) corresponding to the phase-phase voltages of the voltage restraint characteristic
curve (see the figure); the pickup level is calculated as Mvr times the PHASE TOC1 PICKUP setting. If the voltage restraint
feature is disabled, the pickup level always remains at the setting value.
Figure 5-111: Phase time overcurrent voltage restraint characteristic
FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the phase time overcurrent protection element.
SIGNAL SOURCE — Selects the signal source for the phase time overcurrent protection element.
INPUT — Selects how phase current input quantities are interpreted by the D30. Inputs can be selected as fundamental
phasor magnitudes or total waveform RMS magnitudes as required by the application.
PICKUP — Specifies the phase time overcurrent pickup level in per-unit values.
CURVE — Selects the time inverse overcurrent curve style.

TD MULTIPLIER — Specifies a multiple of the base curve shape specified by the CURVE setting. Programming this value to
zero results in an instantaneous response to all current levels above pickup.
RESET — The “Instantaneous” reset method is intended for applications with other relays, such as most static relays, which
set the energy capacity directly to zero when the current falls below the reset threshold. The “Timed” reset method can be
used where the relay must coordinate with electromechanical relays.
VOLTAGE RESTRAINT — Enables and disables the phase time overcurrent voltage restraint feature.
BLOCK A — Assertion of the operand assigned to this setting blocks phase A of the phase time overcurrent element.
EVENTS — Enables and disables the logging of phase time overcurrent events in the sequence of events recorder.
Figure 5-112: Phase time overcurrent 1 logic
5.7.7.4 Phase instantaneous overcurrent (ANSI 50P, IEC PIOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  PHASE CURRENT  PHASE IOC 1(2)
 PHASE IOC 1 PHASE IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
PHASE IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE IOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

PHASE IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
PHASE IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s

PHASE IOC1 BLOCK A: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

PHASE IOC1 BLOCK C: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
PHASE IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHASE IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The phase instantaneous overcurrent element can be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a
definite time element. The input current is the fundamental phasor magnitude. For timing curves, see the publication
Instantaneous Overcurrent (IOC) Element Response to Saturated Waveforms in UR Series Relays (GET-8400A).
FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the phase instantaneous overcurrent protection element.
SOURCE — Selects the signal source for the phase instantaneous overcurrent protection element.
PICKUP — Specifies the phase instantaneous overcurrent pickup level in per-unit values.
DELAY —Delays the assertion of the PHASE IOC OP operands. It is used to achieve timing coordination with other elements
and relays.
RESET DELAY — Specifies a delay for the reset of the phase instantaneous overcurrent element between the operate output
state and the return to logic 0 after the input passes outside the defined pickup range. This setting is used to ensure that
the relay output contacts are closed long enough to ensure reception by downstream equipment.
BLOCK A — Assertion of the operand assigned to this setting block’s phase A of the phase instantaneous overcurrent
5 element.
EVENTS — Enables and disables the logging of phase instantaneous overcurrent events in the sequence of events recorder.
Figure 5-113: Phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 logic
5.7.7.5 Phase directional overcurrent (ANSI 67P, IEC PDOC/PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  PHASE CURRENT  PHASE DIRECTIONAL 1(2)
 PHASE PHASE DIR 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 DIRECTIONAL 1  FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE DIR 1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

PHASE DIR 1 Range: 0 to 359° in steps of 1

 ECA: 30°
PHASE DIR POL V1 Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 THRESHOLD: 0.700 pu
PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK Range: No, Yes

 WHEN V MEM EXP: No
PHASE DIR 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHASE DIR 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The TARGET setting is not user-selectable and forced to "Disabled". If Targets are required from directional
elements, it can be achieved by assigning directional element output to a digital element, where targets selection
can be used as required.
The phase directional elements (one for each of phases A, B, and C) determine the phase current flow direction for steady
state and fault conditions and can be used to control the operation of the phase overcurrent elements via the BLOCK inputs
of these elements.
Figure 5-114: Phase A directional polarization
This element is intended to apply a block signal to an overcurrent element to prevent an operation when current is flowing
in a particular direction. The direction of current flow is determined by measuring the phase angle between the current
from the phase CTs and the line-line voltage from the VTs, based on the 90° or quadrature connection. If there is a
requirement to supervise overcurrent elements for flows in opposite directions, such as can happen through a bus-tie
breaker, two phase directional elements should be programmed with opposite element characteristic angle (ECA) settings.

To increase security for three phase faults very close to the VTs used to measure the polarizing voltage, a voltage memory
feature is incorporated. This feature stores the polarizing voltage the moment before the voltage collapses, and uses it to
determine direction. The voltage memory remains valid for one second after the voltage has collapsed.
The main component of the phase directional element is the phase angle comparator with two inputs: the operating signal
(phase current) and the polarizing signal (the line voltage, shifted in the leading direction by the characteristic angle, ECA).
The table shows the operating and polarizing signals used for phase directional control.
Table 5-31: Operating and polarizing signals
Phase Operating signal Polarizing signal Vpol
ABC phase sequence ACB phase sequence
A angle of IA angle of VBC × (1∠ECA) angle of VCB × (1∠ECA)
B angle of IB angle of VCA × (1∠ECA) angle of VAC × (1∠ECA)
C angle of IC angle of VAB × (1∠ECA) angle of VBA × (1∠ECA)
Mode of operation
• When the function is “Disabled” or the operating current is below 5% × CT nominal, the element output is logic “0”
• When the function is “Enabled,” the operating current is above 5% × CT nominal, and the polarizing voltage is above
the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES  VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL value, the element output is dependent on the
phase angle between the operating and polarizing signals:
– The element output is logic “0” when the operating current is within polarizing voltage ±90°
– For all other angles, the element output is logic “1”
• Once the voltage memory has expired, the phase overcurrent elements under directional control can be set to block or
5 trip on overcurrent as follows:
– When BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP is set to “Yes,” the directional element blocks the operation of any phase
overcurrent element under directional control when voltage memory expires
– When BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP is set to “No,” the directional element allows tripping of phase overcurrent elements
under directional control when voltage memory expires
In all cases, directional blocking is permitted to resume when the polarizing voltage becomes greater than the polarizing
voltage threshold.
Settings
PHASE DIR 1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the phase directional overcurrent protection element.
PHASE DIR 1 SIGNAL SOURCE — This setting is used to select the source for the operating and polarizing signals. The
operating current for the phase directional element is the phase current for the selected current source. The polarizing
voltage is the line voltage from the phase VTs, based on the 90° or quadrature connection and shifted in the leading
direction by the element characteristic angle (ECA).
PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK — Assertion of the operand assigned to this setting blocks operation of the phase directional
overcurrent element.
PHASE DIR 1 ECA — This setting specifies the element characteristic angle, that is, the angle by which the polarizing voltage
is shifted in the leading direction to achieve dependable operation. In the design of the UR-series elements, a block is
applied to an element by asserting logic 1 at the blocking input. Program the phase directional overcurrent element using
this setting so that the output is logic 1 for current in the non-tripping direction.
PHASE DIR 1 POL V THRESHOLD — This setting is used to establish the minimum level of voltage for which the phase angle
measurement is reliable. The setting is based on VT accuracy.
PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP — This setting is used to select the required operation upon expiration of voltage
memory. When set to "Yes," the directional element blocks the operation of any phase overcurrent element under
directional control, when voltage memory expires. When set to "No," the directional element allows tripping of phase
overcurrent elements under directional control.

PHASE DIR 1 EVENTS — This setting enables and disables the logging of phase directional overcurrent events in the
sequence of events recorder.
The phase directional element responds to the forward load current. In the case of a following reverse fault, the
element needs some time—in the order of 8 ms—to establish a blocking signal. Some protection elements, such as
instantaneous overcurrent, respond to reverse faults before the blocking signal is established. Therefore, a
coordination time of at least 10 ms must be added to all the instantaneous protection elements under the
supervision of the phase directional element. If current reversal is of concern, a longer delay—in the order of 20
ms—is needed.
Figure 5-115: Phase directional logic
5.7.8 Neutral current
5.7.8.1 Menu
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEUTRAL CURRENT
 NEUTRAL CURRENT  NEUTRAL TOC 1 See below
  
 NEUTRAL TOC 2
 
 NEUTRAL IOC 1 See page 5-211

 
 NEUTRAL IOC 2
 

 NEUTRAL See page 5-212

  DIRECTIONAL OC1
 NEUTRAL
  DIRECTIONAL OC2
5.7.8.2 Neutral time overcurrent (ANSI 51N, IEC PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEUTRAL CURRENT  NEUTRAL TOC1(2)
 NEUTRAL TOC1 NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
NEUTRAL TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Phasor, RMS

 INPUT: Phasor
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: see Overcurrent Curve Types table

NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01

NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed

NEUTRAL TOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

5  Off
NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEUTRAL TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The neutral time overcurrent element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current
or be used as a simple definite time element. The neutral current input value is a quantity calculated as 3Io from the phase
currents and can be programmed as fundamental phasor magnitude or total waveform RMS magnitude as required by the
application.
Two methods of resetting operation are available: “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (see the Inverse TOC Curve Characteristics
section for details on curve setup, trip times, and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time accumulator
resets according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to “Instantaneous” and
the element is blocked, the time accumulator clears immediately.
NEUTRAL TOC1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the neutral time overcurrent protection element.
NEUTRAL TOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE — This setting selects the signal source for the neutral time overcurrent protection element.
NEUTRAL TOC1 INPUT — This setting selects how neutral current input quantities are interpreted by the D30. Inputs can be
selected as fundamental phasor magnitudes or total waveform RMS magnitudes as required by the application.
NEUTRAL TOC1 PICKUP — This setting specifies the neutral time overcurrent pickup level in per-unit values.
NEUTRAL TOC1 CURVE — This setting selects the inverse time overcurrent curve style.
NEUTRAL TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER — This setting specifies a multiple of the base curve shape specified by the CURVE setting.
Programming this value to zero results in an instantaneous response to all current levels above pickup.
NEUTRAL TOC1 RESET — The “Instantaneous” reset method is intended for applications with other relays, such as most static
relays, which set the energy capacity directly to zero when the current falls below the reset threshold. The “Timed” reset
method can be used where the relay must coordinate with electromechanical relays.
NEUTRAL TOC1 BLOCK — Assertion of the operand assigned to this setting blocks operation of the neutral time overcurrent
element.

NEUTRAL TOC1 EVENTS — This setting enables and disables the logging of neutral time overcurrent events in the sequence
of events recorder.
Figure 5-116: Neutral time overcurrent 1 logic
5.7.8.3 Neutral instantaneous overcurrent (ANSI 50N, IEC PIOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEUTRAL CURRENT  NEUTRAL IOC1(2)
 NEUTRAL IOC1 NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
NEUTRAL IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1 5
NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
NEUTRAL IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEUTRAL IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The neutral instantaneous overcurrent element can be used as an instantaneous function with no intentional delay or as a
definite time function. The element essentially responds to the magnitude of a neutral current fundamental frequency
phasor calculated from the phase currents. A positive-sequence restraint is applied for better performance. A small portion
(6.25%) of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the zero-sequence current magnitude when
forming the operating quantity of the element as follows:
Iop = 3 x (|I_0| - K x |I_1|) where K = 1/16 Eq. 5-15
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents
resulting from:
• System unbalances under heavy load conditions
• Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during double-line and three-phase faults
• Switch-off transients during double-line and three-phase faults

The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of
pickup). The operating quantity depends on how test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection):
Eq. 5-16
NEUTRAL IOC1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the neutral instantaneous overcurrent protection element.
NEUTRAL IOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE — This setting selects the signal source for the neutral instantaneous overcurrent protection
element.
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP — This setting specifies the neutral instantaneous overcurrent pickup level in per-unit values.
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP DELAY — This setting delays the assertion of the NEUTRAL IOC OP operands. It is used to achieve timing
coordination with other elements and relays.
NEUTRAL IOC1 RESET DELAY — This setting specifies a delay for the reset of the neutral instantaneous overcurrent element
between the operate output state and the return to logic 0 after the input passes outside the defined pickup range. This
setting is used to ensure that the relay output contacts are closed long enough to ensure reception by downstream
equipment.a
NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK — Assertion of the operand assigned to this setting blocks operation of the neutral instantaneous
overcurrent element.
NEUTRAL IOC1 EVENTS — This setting enables and disables the logging of neutral instantaneous overcurrent events in the
sequence of events recorder.
Figure 5-117: Neutral IOC1 logic
5.7.8.4 Neutral directional overcurrent (ANSI 67N, IEC PDEF/PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEUTRAL CURRENT  NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL
OC1(2)
 NEUTRAL NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 DIRECTIONAL OC1  FUNCTION: Disabled
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Voltage, Current, Dual, Dual-V, Dual-I

 POLARIZING: Voltage
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL Range: Calculated V0, Measured VX

 VOLT: Calculated V0
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP Range: Calculated 3I0, Measured IG

 CURR: Calculated 3I0
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POS- Range: 0.000 to 0.500 in steps of 0.001

 SEQ RESTRAINT: 0.063

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01

 OFFSET: 0.00 Ω
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD Range: –90 to 90° in steps of 1

 ECA: 75° Lag
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD Range: 0.006 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV Range: 0.006 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEUTRAL DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The neutral directional overcurrent element provides both forward and reverse fault direction indications for the NEUTRAL
DIR OC1 FWD and NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV operands, respectively. The output operand is asserted if the magnitude of the
operating current is above a pickup level (overcurrent unit) and the fault direction is seen as forward or reverse,
respectively (directional unit).
The overcurrent unit responds to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency phasor of either the neutral current
calculated from the phase currents or the ground current. There are separate pickup settings for the forward-looking and
5
reverse-looking functions. If set to use the calculated 3I_0, the element applies a positive-sequence restraint for better
performance: a small user-programmable portion of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the
zero-sequence current magnitude when forming the operating quantity.
Iop = 3 x (|I_0| - K x |I_1|) Eq. 5-17
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents
resulting from
• Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during double-line and three-phase faults
• Switch-off transients during double-line and three-phase faults
pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection:
Iop = (1 – K) × Iinjected ; three-phase pure zero-sequence injection: Iop = 3 × Iinjected.
The positive-sequence restraint is removed for low currents. If the positive-sequence current is below 0.8 pu, the restraint is
removed by changing the constant K to zero. This facilitates better response to high-resistance faults when the unbalance
is very small and there is no danger of excessive CT errors as the current is low.
The directional unit uses the zero-sequence current (I_0) or ground current (IG) for fault direction discrimination and can
be programmed to use either zero-sequence voltage (“Calculated V0” or “Measured VX”), ground current (IG), or both for
polarizing. The zero-sequence current (I_0) must be greater than the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES  CURRENT
CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value and IG must be greater than 0.05 pu to be validated as the operating quantity for directional
current. The following tables define the neutral directional overcurrent element. V_0 is the zero-sequence voltage, I_0 is
the zero-sequence current, ECA is the element characteristic angle, and IG is the ground current.

Table 5-32: Quantities for "calculated 3I0" configuration

Directional unit Overcurrent unit
Polarizing mode Direction Compared phasors
Voltage Forward –V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 I_0 × 1∠ECA Iop = 3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|) if |I1| > 0.8 pu
Iop = 3 × (|I_0|) if |I1| ≤ 0.8 pu
Reverse –V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 –I_0 × 1∠ECA
Current Forward IG I_0
Reverse IG –I_0
Dual, Dual-V, Dual-I Forward –V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 I_0 × 1∠ECA
or
IG I_0
Reverse –V_0 + Z_offset × I_0 –I_0 × 1∠ECA
or
IG –I_0
Table 5-33: Quantities for "measured IG" configuration

Directional unit Overcurrent unit
Polarizing mode Direction Compared phasors
Voltage Forward –V_0 + Z_offset × IG/3 IG × 1∠ECA Iop = |IG|
Reverse –V_0 + Z_offset × IG/3 –IG × 1∠ECA
where:
ECA = element characteristic angle

IG = ground current
When NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT is set to “Measured VX,” one-third of this voltage is used in place of V_0. The following
figure explains the usage of the voltage polarized directional unit of the element.
The figure shows the voltage-polarized phase angle comparator characteristics for a phase A to ground fault, with:
• ECA = 90° (element characteristic angle = centerline of operating characteristic)
• FWD LA = 80° (forward limit angle = the ± angular limit with the ECA for operation)
• REV LA = 80° (reverse limit angle = the ± angular limit with the ECA for operation)
The element incorporates a current reversal logic. If the reverse direction is indicated for at least 1.25 of a power system
cycle, the prospective forward indication is delayed by 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element is designed to emulate an
electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals results in faster directional discrimination
bringing more security to the element operation.
The forward-looking function is designed to be more secure as compared to the reverse-looking function, and therefore is
to be used for the tripping direction. The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forward-
looking function and is to be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination.
Take the bias into account when using the neutral directional overcurrent element to directionalize other protection
elements.

Figure 5-118: Neutral directional voltage-polarized characteristics
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING — This setting selects the polarizing mode for the directional unit.
• If “Voltage” polarizing is selected, the element uses the zero-sequence voltage angle for polarization. The user can use
either the zero-sequence voltage V_0 calculated from the phase voltages, or the zero-sequence voltage supplied
externally as the auxiliary voltage V_X, both from the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE.
The calculated V_0 can be used as polarizing voltage only if the voltage transformers are connected in Wye. The
auxiliary voltage can be used as the polarizing voltage provided SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK 
AUXILIARY VT CONNECTION is set to “Vn” and the auxiliary voltage is connected to a zero-sequence voltage source
(such as broken delta connected secondary of VTs).
The zero-sequence (V_0) or auxiliary voltage (V_X), accordingly, must be greater than the VOLTAGE CUTOFF LEVEL
setting specified in the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES menu to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If
the polarizing signal is invalid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given.
• If “Current” polarizing is selected, the element uses the ground current angle connected externally and configured
under NEUTRAL OC1 SOURCE for polarization. The ground CT must be connected between the ground and neutral point
of an adequate local source of ground current. The ground current must be greater than 0.05 pu to be validated as a
polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is not valid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given. In addition, the
zero-sequence current (I_0) must be greater than the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES  CURRENT CUT-OFF
LEVEL setting value.
For a choice of current polarizing, it is recommended that the polarizing signal be analyzed to ensure that a known
direction is maintained irrespective of the fault location. For example, if using an autotransformer neutral current as a
polarizing source, ensure that a reversal of the ground current does not occur for a high-side fault. Assume that the
low-side system impedance is minimal when checking for this condition. A similar situation arises for a wye/delta/wye
transformer, where current in one transformer winding neutral can reverse when faults on both sides of the
transformer are considered.

• If “Dual” polarizing is selected, the element performs both directional comparisons as described. A given direction is
confirmed if either voltage or current comparators indicate so. If a conflicting (simultaneous forward and reverse)
indication occurs, the forward direction overrides the reverse direction.
• If "Dual-V" polarizing is selected, "Voltage" polarizing is performed and "Current" polarizing is ignored if the voltage
polarizing signal is valid; otherwise "Current" polarizing is performed if the current polarizing signal is valid. If neither of
them is valid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given.
• If "Dual-I" polarizing is selected, "Current" polarizing is performed and "Voltage" polarizing is ignored if the current
polarizing signal is valid; otherwise "Voltage" polarizing is performed if the voltage polarizing signal is valid. If neither of
them is valid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT — Selects the polarizing voltage used by the directional unit when "Voltage," "Dual," "Dual-V," or
"Dual-I" polarizing mode is set. The polarizing voltage can be programmed to be either the zero-sequence voltage
calculated from the phase voltages ("Calculated V0") or supplied externally as an auxiliary voltage ("Measured VX").
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR — This setting indicates whether the 3I_0 current calculated from the phase currents, or the
ground current is used by this protection. This setting acts as a switch between the neutral and ground modes of operation
(ANSI devices 67N and 67G). If set to “Calculated 3I0,” the element uses the phase currents and applies the positive-
sequence restraint. If set to “Measured IG,” the element uses ground current supplied to the ground CT of the CT bank
configured as NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE. If this setting is “Measured IG,” then the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING setting must
be “Voltage”, as it is not possible to use the ground current as an operating and polarizing signal simultaneously. IG current
has to be above 0.05 ps to be used as operate quantity.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POS-SEQ RESTRAINT — This setting controls the amount of the positive-sequence restraint. Set it to 0.063
for backward compatibility with firmware revision 3.40 and older. Set it to zero to remove the restraint. Set it higher if large
system unbalances or poor CT performance are expected.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OFFSET — This setting specifies the offset impedance used by this protection. The primary application for
5 the offset impedance is to guarantee correct identification of fault direction on series compensated lines. In regular
applications, the offset impedance ensures proper operation even if the zero-sequence voltage at the relaying point is very
small. If this is the intent, the offset impedance is not to be larger than the zero-sequence impedance of the protected
circuit. Practically, it shall be several times smaller. Enter the offset impedance in secondary ohms. See the Application of
Settings chapter for information on how to calculate this setting.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD ECA — This setting defines the characteristic angle (ECA) for the forward direction in the "Voltage"
polarizing mode. The "Current" polarizing mode uses a fixed ECA of 0°. The ECA in the reverse direction is the angle set for
the forward direction shifted by 180°.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE — This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit angle for the
forward direction.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP — This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the forward
direction. When selecting this setting, keep in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique for the
“Calculated 3I0” mode of operation.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE — This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit angle for the
reverse direction.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP — This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the reverse
direction. When selecting this setting, keep in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique for the
“Calculated 3I0” mode of operation.

Figure 5-119: Neutral directional overcurrent logic
5.7.9 Wattmetric ground fault

5.7.9.1 Wattmetric zero-sequence directional (ANSI 32N, IEC PSDE)
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  WATTMETRIC...  WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT 1(2)
 WATTMETRIC WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 GROUND FAULT 1  FUNCTION: Disabled
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: Calculated VN, Measured VX

 VOLT: Calculated VN
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: 0.02 to 3.00 pu in steps of 0.01

 OV PKP: 0.20 pu
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: Calculated IN, Measured IG

 CURR: Calculated IN

 OC PKP: 0.060 pu

WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 OC PKP DEL: 0.20 s

 PWR PKP: 0.100 pu

 REF PWR: 0.500 pu
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: 0 to 360° Lag in steps of 1

 ECA: 0° Lag

 PWR PKP DEL: 0.20 s
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: Definite Time, Inverse, FlexCurves A through

 CURVE: Definite Time D

 MULTIPLIER: 1.00 s
WATT GND FLT 1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The wattmetric zero-sequence directional element responds to power derived from zero-sequence voltage and current in
5 a direction specified by the element characteristic angle. The angle can be set within all four quadrants, and the power can
be active or reactive. Therefore, the element can be used to sense either forward or reverse ground faults in either
inductive, capacitive, or resistive networks. The inverse time characteristic allows time coordination of elements across the
network.
Typical applications include ground fault protection in solidly grounded transmission networks, grounded/ungrounded/
resistor-grounded/resonant-grounded distribution networks, or for directionalizing other non-directional ground elements.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 VOLT — The element uses neutral voltage (that is, three times the zero-sequence voltage). This
setting allows selecting between the internally calculated neutral voltage or the externally supplied voltage (broken delta
VT connected to the auxiliary channel bank of the relay). When the latter selection is made, the auxiliary channel must be
identified by the user as a neutral voltage under the VT bank settings. This element operates when the auxiliary voltage is
configured as neutral.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OV PKP — This setting specifies the minimum zero sequence voltage supervising the directional
power measurement. Set this threshold higher than possible unbalance during normal operation of the system. Typically,
this setting is at 0.1 to 0.2 pu for the ungrounded or resonant grounded systems and at 0.05 to 0.1 pu for solidly or resistor-
grounded systems. When using externally supplied voltage via the auxiliary voltage channel, 1 pu is the nominal voltage of
this channel as per VT bank settings. When using internally calculated neutral voltage, 1 pu is the nominal phase to ground
voltage as per the VT bank settings.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURR — The element responds to the neutral current (that is, three times zero-sequence current),
either calculated internally from the phase currents or supplied externally via the ground CT input from more accurate
sources such as the core balanced CT. This setting allows selecting the source of the operating current.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP — This setting specifies the current supervision level for the measurement of the zero-
sequence power.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP DEL — This setting specifies delay for the overcurrent portion of this element. The delay
applies to the WATTMETRIC 1 PKP operand driven from the overcurrent condition.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP — This setting specifies the operating point of the element. A value of 1 pu is a product of
the 1 pu voltage as specified for the overvoltage condition of this element, and 1 pu current as specified for the
overcurrent condition of this element.

WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 REF PWR — This setting is used to calculate the inverse time characteristic delay (defined by Sref in
the following equations). A value of 1 pu represents the product of a 1 pu voltage (as specified in the overvoltage condition
for this element) and a 1 pu current (as specified in the overcurrent condition for this element.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 ECA — This setting adjusts the maximum torque angle of the element. The operating power is
calculated as:
S_op = Re(Vn(In x 1∠ECA)*) Eq. 5-18
where
* indicates complex conjugate
By varying the element characteristic angle (ECA), the element can be made to respond to forward or reverse direction in
inductive, resistive, or capacitive networks as shown in the Wattmetric Characteristic Angle Response diagram.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL — This setting defines a definite time delay before the inverse time characteristic is
activated. If the curve selection is set as “Definite Time”, the element operates after this security time delay. If the curve
selection is “Inverse” or one of the FlexCurves, the element uses both the definite and inverse time timers simultaneously.
The definite time timer, specified by this setting, is used and when expires it releases the inverse time timer for operation
(torque control).
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE — Choose one of three methods to delay the operate signal once all conditions are met to
discriminate fault direction.
The “Definite Time” selection allows for a fixed time delay defined by the WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL setting.
The “Inverse” selection allows for inverse time characteristics delay defined by the following formula:
Eq. 5-19
where 5
m is a multiplier defined by the multiplier setting
Sref is the multiplier setting
Sop is the operating power at the time
This timer starts after the definite time timer expires.
The four FlexCurves allow for custom user-programmable time characteristics. When working with FlexCurves, the
element uses the operate to pickup ratio, and the multiplier setting is not applied:
Eq. 5-20
Again, the FlexCurve timer starts after the definite time timer expires.

Figure 5-120: Wattmetric characteristic angle response
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 MULTIPLIER — This setting is applicable if the WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE is set to Inverse and
defines the multiplier factor for the inverse time delay.

Figure 5-121: Wattmetric zero-sequence directional logic
5.7.10 Ground current
5.7.10.1 Menu
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  GROUND CURRENT
 GROUND CURRENT  GROUND TOC1 See below
  

 GROUND TOC2
 
 GROUND IOC1 See page 5-223

 
 GROUND IOC2
 
The D30 contains protection elements for ground time overcurrent (ANSI device 51G) and ground instantaneous
overcurrent (ANSI device 50G).
5.7.10.2 Ground time overcurrent (ANSI 51G, IEC PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  GROUND CURRENT  GROUND TOC1(2)
 GROUND TOC1 GROUND TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
GROUND TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
GROUND TOC1 Range: Phasor, RMS

 INPUT: Phasor
GROUND TOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

GROUND TOC1 Range: see the Overcurrent Curve Types table

5  GROUND TOC1
TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01
GROUND TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed

GROUND TOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
GROUND TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

GROUND TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

This element can provide a required time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current or be used as a simple
definite time element. The ground current input value is the quantity measured by the ground input CT and is the
fundamental phasor or RMS magnitude. Two methods of resetting operation are available: “Timed” and “Instantaneous”
(see the Inverse TOC Curve Characteristics section for details). When the element is blocked, the time accumulator resets
according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to “Instantaneous” and the
element is blocked, the time accumulator clears immediately.
GROUND TOC1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the ground time overcurrent protection element.
GROUND TOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE — This setting selects the signal source for the ground time overcurrent protection element.
GROUND TOC1 INPUT — This setting selects how ground current input quantities are interpreted by the D30. Inputs can be
selected as fundamental phasor magnitudes or total waveform RMS magnitudes as required by the application.
GROUND TOC1 PICKUP — This setting specifies the ground time overcurrent pickup level in per-unit values.
GROUND TOC1 CURVE — This setting selects the inverse time overcurrent curve style.
GROUND TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER — This setting specifies a multiple of the base curve shape specified by the CURVE setting.
Programming this value to zero results in an instantaneous response to all current levels above pickup.
GROUND TOC1 RESET — The “Instantaneous” reset method is intended for applications with other relays, such as most static
relays, which set the energy capacity directly to zero when the current falls below the reset threshold. The “Timed” reset
method can be used where the relay must coordinate with electromechanical relays.

GROUND TOC1 BLOCK — Assertion of the operand assigned to this setting blocks operation of the ground time overcurrent
element.
GROUND TOC1 EVENTS — This setting enables and disables the logging of ground time overcurrent events in the sequence
of events recorder.
These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. The conversion
range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46 times the CT rating.
This channel can be also equipped with a sensitive input. The conversion range of a sensitive channel is from 0.002
to 4.6 times the CT rating.
Figure 5-122: Ground TOC1 logic
5.7.10.3 Ground instantaneous overcurrent (ANSI 50G, IEC PIOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  GROUND CURRENT  GROUND IOC1(2)
 GROUND IOC1 GROUND IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
GROUND IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
GROUND IOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

GROUND IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
GROUND IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
GROUND IOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
GROUND IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

GROUND IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The ground instantaneous overcurrent element can be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a
definite time element. The ground current input is the quantity measured by the ground input CT and is the fundamental
phasor magnitude.

These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. The conversion
range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46 times the CT rating.
This channel can be equipped with a standard or sensitive input. The conversion range of a sensitive channel is
from 0.002 to 4.6 times the CT rating.
Figure 5-123: Ground IOC1 logic
5.7.11 Negative sequence current

5 5.7.11.1 Menu
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT
 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE  NEG SEQ TOC1 See below
 CURRENT  
 NEG SEQ TOC2

 
 NEG SEQ IOC1 See page 5-225

 
 NEG SEQ IOC2

 
 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 See page 5-226

 
 NEG SEQ DIR OC2

 
The D30 provides two negative-sequence time overcurrent elements, two negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent
elements, and two negative-sequence directional overcurrent elements. For information on the negative sequence time
overcurrent curves, see the Inverse TOC Curve Characteristics section earlier.
5.7.11.2 Negative sequence time overcurrent (ANSI 51Q, IEC PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT  NEG SEQ TOC1(2)
 NEG SEQ TOC1 NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
NEG SEQ TOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1

NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: see Overcurrent Curve Types table

NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01

NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Instantaneous, Timed

NEG SEQ TOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEG SEQ TOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The negative-sequence time overcurrent element can be used to determine and clear unbalance in the system. The input
for calculating negative-sequence current is the fundamental phasor value.
Two methods of resetting operation are available; “Timed” and “Instantaneous” (see the Inverse TOC Curve Characteristics
section earlier for details on curve setup, trip times and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time
accumulator resets according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to
“Instantaneous” and the element is blocked, the time accumulator clears immediately.
Figure 5-124: Negative sequence TOC1 logic
5.7.11.3 Negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent (ANSI 50Q, IEC PIOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT  NEG SEQ OC1(2)
 NEG SEQ IOC1 NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
NEG SEQ IOC1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s

NEG SEQ IOC1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
NEG SEQ IOC1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEG SEQ IOC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent element can be used as an instantaneous function with no intentional
delay or as a definite time function. The element responds to the negative-sequence current fundamental frequency
phasor magnitude (calculated from the phase currents) and applies a positive-sequence restraint for better performance:
a small portion (12.5%) of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the negative-sequence current
magnitude when forming the operating quantity.
Iop = |I_2| - K x |I_1| where K = 1/8 Eq. 5-21
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative-sequence
currents resulting from
• Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during three-phase faults
• Fault inception and switch-off transients during three-phase faults
pickup). The operating quantity depends on how the test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection:
Iop = 0.2917 x Iinjected; three-phase injection, opposite rotation: Iop = Iinjected).
5 Figure 5-125: Negative sequence IOC1 logic
5.7.11.4 Negative sequence directional overcurrent (ANSI 67Q, IEC PDEF/PTOC)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT  NEG SEQ DIR
OC1(2)
 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: 0.00 to 250.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
 OFFSET: 0.00 Ω
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Neg Sequence, Zero Sequence

 TYPE: Neg Sequence

NEG SEQ DIR OC1 POS- Range: 0.000 to 0.500 in steps of 0.001
 SEQ RESTRAINT: 0.063
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Range: 0 to 90° Lag in steps of 1

 ECA: 75° Lag
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD Range: 0.015 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.005
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV Range: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV Range: 0.015 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.005
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

NEG SEQ DIR OC1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

There are two negative-sequence directional overcurrent protection elements available. The element provides both
forward and reverse fault direction indications through its output operands NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD and NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV,
respectively. The output operand is asserted if the magnitude of the operating current is above a pickup level (overcurrent
unit) and the fault direction is seen as forward or reverse, respectively (directional unit).
The overcurrent unit of the element essentially responds to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency phasor of either the
negative-sequence or neutral current as per user selection.
5
A positive-sequence restraint is applied for better performance: a small user-programmable portion of the positive-
sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the negative or zero-sequence current magnitude, respectively, when
forming the element operating quantity.
Iop = |I_2| - K x |I_1| or Iop = 3 x (|I_0| - K x |I_1|) Eq. 5-22
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative-sequence and
zero-sequence currents resulting from
• Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs)
• Fault inception and switch-off transients
pickup). The positive-sequence restraint is removed for low currents. If the positive-sequence current is less than 0.8 pu,
then the restraint is removed by changing the constant K to zero. This results in better response to high-resistance faults
when the unbalance is very small and there is no danger of excessive CT errors, since the current is low.
The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the D30. For single phase injection
• Iop = ⅓ × (1 – K) × Iinjected for I_2 mode
• Iop = (1 – K) × Iinjected for I_0 mode if I_1 > 0.8 pu
The directional unit uses the negative-sequence current (I_2) and negative-sequence voltage (V_2).
The following tables define the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element.
Table 5-34: Negative-sequence directional overcurrent unit
Mode Operating current
Negative-sequence Iop = |I_2| – K × I_1|
Zero-sequence Iop = 3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|) if |I_1| > 0.8 pu
Iop = 3 × |I_0| if |I_1| ≤ 0.8 pu

Table 5-35: Negative-sequence directional unit

Direction Compared phasors
Forward –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 I_2 × 1∠ECA
Reverse –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 –(I_2 × 1∠ECA)
Forward –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 I_2 × 1∠ECA
Reverse –V_2 + Z_offset × I_2 –(I_2 × 1∠ECA)
The negative-sequence voltage must be greater than the VOLTAGE CUTOFF LEVEL setting specified in the PRODUCT SETUP
 DISPLAY PROPERTIES menu to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is not validated, neither
forward nor reverse indication is given. The following figure explains the usage of the voltage polarized directional unit of
the element. It shows the phase angle comparator characteristics for a phase A to ground fault, with settings of
ECA = 75° (element characteristic angle = centerline of operating characteristic)
FWD LA = 80° (forward limit angle = ± the angular limit with the ECA for operation)
REV LA = 80° (reverse limit angle = ± the angular limit with the ECA for operation)
The element incorporates a current reversal logic: if the reverse direction is indicated for at least 1.25 of a power system
cycle, the prospective forward indication is delayed by 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element emulates an
electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals result in faster directional discrimination,
bringing more security to the element operation.
Figure 5-126: Negative-sequence directional characteristic
The forward-looking function is designed to be more secure compared to the reverse-looking function, so use the forward-
looking function for the tripping direction. The reverse-looking function is faster compared to the forward-looking function,
so use the reverse-looking function for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination. Take this bias

into account when using the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element to directionalize other protection
elements. The negative-sequence directional pickup must be greater than the PRODUCT SETUP  DISPLAY PROPERTIES
 CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value.
Settings
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 OFFSET — Specifies the offset impedance used by this protection. The primary application for the offset
impedance is to guarantee correct identification of fault direction on series compensated lines (see the Application of
Settings chapter for information on how to calculate this setting). In regular applications, the offset impedance ensures
proper operation even if the negative-sequence voltage at the relaying point is very small. If this is the intent, the offset
impedance shall not be larger than the negative-sequence impedance of the protected circuit. Practically, it is several
times smaller. Enter the offset impedance in secondary ohms.
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE — Selects the operating mode for the overcurrent unit of the element. The choices are “Neg
Sequence” and “Zero Sequence.” In some applications it is advantageous to use a directional negative-sequence
overcurrent function instead of a directional zero-sequence overcurrent function as inter-circuit mutual effects are
minimized.
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 POS-SEQ RESTRAINT — Controls the positive-sequence restraint. Set it to 0.063 (in “Zero Sequence” mode)
or 0.125 (in “Neg Sequence” mode) for backward compatibility with revisions 3.40 and earlier. Set it to zero to remove the
restraint. Set it higher if large system unbalances or poor CT performance are expected.
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD ECA — Select the element characteristic angle (ECA) for the forward direction. The element
characteristic angle in the reverse direction is the angle set for the forward direction shifted by 180°.
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE — Defines a symmetrical limit angle (in both directions from the ECA) for the forward
direction.
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP — Defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit in the forward direction. This pickup
threshold applies to zero-sequence or negative-sequence current based on the NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE setting. When
specifying this setting, keep in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique.
5
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE — Defines a symmetrical limit angle (in both directions from the ECA) for the reverse
direction.
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV PICKUP — Defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit in the reverse direction. This pickup
threshold applies to zero-sequence or negative-sequence current based on the NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE setting. When
selecting this setting, keep in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique.

Figure 5-127: Negative-sequence directional OC1 logic
5
5.7.12 Voltage elements
5.7.12.1 Menu
SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS
 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  PHASE See below
   UNDERVOLTAGE1

 PHASE
  UNDERVOLTAGE3
 PHASE See page 5-233

  OVERVOLTAGE1

 PHASE
  OVERVOLTAGE3
 NEUTRAL OV1 See page 5-233

 

 NEUTRAL OV3
 
 NEG SEQ OV1 See page 5-234

 

 NEG SEQ OV3
 

 AUXILIARY UV1 See page 5-235

 

 AUXILIARY UV3
 
 AUXILIARY OV1 See page 5-236

 
These protection elements can be used for a variety of applications, such as

• Undervoltage protection — For voltage sensitive loads, such as induction motors, a drop in voltage increases the
drawn current, which can cause dangerous overheating in the motor. The undervoltage protection feature can be
used to either cause a trip or generate an alarm when the voltage drops below a specified voltage setting for a
specified time delay.
• Permissive functions — The undervoltage feature can be used to block the functioning of external devices by
operating an output relay when the voltage falls below the specified voltage setting. The undervoltage feature can
also be used to block the functioning of other elements through the block feature of those elements.
• Source transfer schemes — In the event of an undervoltage, a transfer signal can be generated to transfer a load
from its normal source to a standby or emergency power source.
The undervoltage elements can be programmed to have a definite time delay characteristic. The definite time curve
operates when the voltage drops below the pickup level for a specified period of time. The time delay is adjustable from 0
to 600.00 seconds in steps of 0.01. The undervoltage elements can also be programmed to have an inverse time delay
characteristic.
The undervoltage delay setting defines the family of curves shown as follows.
5
Eq. 5-23
where
T = operating time
D = undervoltage delay setting (D = 0.00 operates instantaneously)
V = secondary voltage applied to the relay
Vpickup = pickup level
Figure 5-128: Inverse time undervoltage curves
At 0% of pickup, the operating time equals the PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE DELAY setting.

5.7.12.2 Phase undervoltage (ANSI 27P, IEC PTUV)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE1(3)
 PHASE PHASE UV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 UNDERVOLTAGE1  FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE UV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE UV1 MODE: Range: Phase to Ground, Phase to Phase

 Phase to Ground
PHASE UV1 Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

PHASE UV1 Range: Definite Time, Inverse Time

 CURVE: Definite Time
PHASE UV1 Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
PHASE UV1 MINIMUM Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 VOLTAGE: 0.100 pu
PHASE UV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
PHASE UV1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHASE UV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

5
This element is used to give a time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied fundamental voltage (phase-to-
ground or phase-to-phase for wye VT connection, or phase-to-phase for delta VT connection) or as a definite time
element. The element resets instantaneously if the applied voltage exceeds the dropout voltage. The delay setting selects
the minimum operating time of the phase undervoltage. The minimum voltage setting selects the operating voltage below
which the element is blocked (a setting of “0” allows a dead source to be considered a fault condition).
Figure 5-129: Phase undervoltage1 logic

5.7.12.3 Phase overvoltage (ANSI 59P, IEC PTOV)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  PHASE OVERVOLTAGE1(3)
 PHASE PHASE OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 OVERVOLTAGE1  FUNCTION: Disabled
PHASE OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
PHASE OV1 Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

PHASE OV1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
PHASE OV1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
PHASE OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic Operand

 Off
PHASE OV1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

PHASE OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

There are three phase overvoltage elements available. A phase overvoltage element is used as an instantaneous element
with no intentional time delay or as a definite time element. The input voltage is the phase-to-phase voltage, either
measured directly from delta-connected VTs or as calculated from phase-to-ground (wye) connected VTs. The figure
shows specific voltages to be used for each phase.
Figure 5-130: Phase overvoltage logic
5
If the source VT is wye-connected, then the phase overvoltage pickup condition is V > x Pickup for VAB, VBC, and
VCA .
5.7.12.4 Neutral overvoltage (ANSI 59N, IEC PTOV)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  NEUTRAL OV1(3)
 NEUTRAL OV1 NEUTRAL OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

NEUTRAL OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 0.300 pu
NEUTRAL OV1 CURVE: Range: Definite Time, FlexCurve A, FlexCurve B,

 Definite Time FlexCurve C
NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
NEUTRAL OV1 RESET: Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
NEUTRAL OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEUTRAL OV1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
NEUTRAL OV1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
There are three neutral overvoltage elements available. The neutral overvoltage element can be used to detect
asymmetrical system voltage condition due to a ground fault or to the loss of one or two phases of the source. The
element responds to the system neutral voltage (3V_0), calculated from the phase voltages. The nominal secondary
voltage of the phase voltage channels entered under SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK  PHASE
VT SECONDARY is the p.u. base used when setting the pickup level.
The neutral overvoltage element can provide a time-delayed operating characteristic versus the applied voltage (initialized
5 from FlexCurves A, B, or C) or be used as a definite time element. The NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP DELAY setting applies only if the
NEUTRAL OV1 CURVE setting is “Definite Time.” The source assigned to this element must be configured for a phase VT.
VT errors and normal voltage unbalance must be considered when setting this element. This function requires the VTs to
be wye-connected.
Figure 5-131: Neutral overvoltage1 logic
5.7.12.5 Negative sequence overvoltage (ANSI 59Q, IEC PTOV)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  NEG SEQ OV1(3)
 NEG SEQ OV1 NEG SEQ OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
NEG SEQ OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
NEG SEQ OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.004 to 1.250 pu in steps of 0.001

 0.300 pu

NEG SEQ OV1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.50 s
NEG SEQ OV1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.50 s
NEG SEQ OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
NEG SEQ OV1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
NEG SEQ OV1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
There are three negative-sequence overvoltage elements available.

Use the negative-sequence overvoltage element to detect loss of one or two phases of the source, a reversed phase
sequence of voltage, or a non-symmetrical system voltage condition.
Figure 5-132: Negative-sequence overvoltage logic
5.7.12.6 Auxiliary undervoltage (ANSI 27X, IEC PTUV)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  AUXILIARY UV1(3)
 AUXILIARY UV1 AUX UV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
AUX UV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
AUX UV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 0.700 pu
AUX UV1 CURVE: Range: Definite Time, Inverse Time

 Definite Time
AUX UV1 DELAY: Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 1.00 s
AUX UV1 MINIMUM: Range: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 VOLTAGE: 0.100 pu
AUX UV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AUX UV1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
AUX UV1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled

The D30 contains one auxiliary undervoltage element for each VT bank. This element monitors undervoltage conditions of
the auxiliary voltage.
The AUX UV1 PICKUP selects the voltage level at which the time undervoltage element starts timing. The nominal secondary
voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel entered under SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK X5 
AUXILIARY VT X5 SECONDARY is the per-unit base used when setting the pickup level.
The AUX UV1 DELAY setting selects the minimum operating time of the auxiliary undervoltage element.
Both AUX UV1 PICKUP and AUX UV1 DELAY settings establish the operating curve of the undervoltage element. The auxiliary
undervoltage element can be programmed to use either definite time delay or inverse time delay characteristics. The
operating characteristics and equations for both definite and inverse time delay are as for the phase undervoltage
element.
The element resets instantaneously. The minimum voltage setting selects the operating voltage below which the element
is blocked.
Figure 5-133: Auxiliary undervoltage logic
5.7.12.7 Auxiliary overvoltage (ANSI 59X, IEC PTOV)

SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6)  VOLTAGE ELEMENTS  AUXILIARY OV1
 AUXILIARY OV1 AUX OV1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
AUX OV1 SIGNAL Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
AUX OV1 PICKUP: Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 0.300 pu
AUX OV1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
AUX OV1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 1.00 s
AUX OV1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AUX OV1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
AUX OV1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The D30 contains one auxiliary overvoltage element for each VT bank. This element is intended for monitoring overvoltage
conditions of the auxiliary voltage. The nominal secondary voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel entered under SYSTEM
SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK X5  AUXILIARY VT X5 SECONDARY is the per-unit (pu) base used when setting the
pickup level.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS
A typical application for this element is monitoring the zero-sequence voltage (3V_0) supplied from an open-corner-delta
VT connection.
Figure 5-134: Auxiliary overvoltage logic
5.8 Control elements

5.8.1 Overview
Control elements are used for control rather than protection. See the Introduction to Elements section at the beginning of 5
this chapter for information.
5.8.2 Trip bus

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  TRIP BUS  TRIP BUS 1(6)
 TRIP BUS 1 TRIP BUS 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled
TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
TRIP BUS 1 PICKUP Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
TRIP BUS 1 RESET Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 0.00 s
TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 1: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 16: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
TRIP BUS 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled

 LATCHING: Disabled
TRIP BUS 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
TRIP BUS 1: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

TRIP BUS 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled


CONTROL ELEMENTS CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
The trip bus element allows aggregating outputs of protection and control elements without using FlexLogic and assigning
them a simple and effective manner. Each trip bus can be assigned for either trip or alarm actions. Simple trip conditioning
such as latch, delay, and seal-in delay are available.
The easiest way to assign element outputs to a trip bus is through the EnerVista software under Settings > Protection
Summary. Navigate to a specific protection or control protection element and check the bus box by hovering over the
blank check box and selecting an option that displays. Once the required element is selected for a specific bus, a list of
element operate-type operands are displayed and can be assigned to a trip bus. If more than one operate-type operand is
required, it can be assigned directly from the trip bus menu.
Figure 5-135: Trip bus fields in the protection summary
The following settings are available.

TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK — The trip bus output is blocked when the operand assigned to this setting is asserted.
TRIP BUS 1 PICKUP DELAY — This setting specifies a time delay to produce an output depending on how output is used.
TRIP BUS 1 RESET DELAY — This setting specifies a time delay to reset an output command. Set the time delay long enough
to allow the breaker or contactor to perform a required action.
TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 1 to TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 16 — These settings select a FlexLogic operand to be assigned as an input to the trip
bus.
TRIP BUS 1 LATCHING — This setting enables or disables latching of the trip bus output. This is typically used when lockout is
required or user acknowledgement of the relay response is required.
TRIP BUS 1 RESET — The trip bus output is reset when the operand assigned to this setting is asserted. Note that the RESET OP
operand is pre-wired to the reset gate of the latch, As such, a reset command from the front panel interface or via
communications resets the trip bus output.

Figure 5-136: Trip bus logic
5.8.3 Setting groups

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUPS
5
 SETTING GROUPS SETTING GROUPS Range: Disabled, Enabled
  FUNCTION: Enabled
SETTING GROUPS BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

GROUP 6 ACTIVATE ON: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
GROUP 1 NAME: Range: up to 16 alphanumeric characters



GROUP 6 NAME: Range: up to 16 alphanumeric characters

SETTING GROUP Range: Disabled, Enabled
The setting groups menu controls the activation and deactivation of up to six possible groups of settings in the GROUPED
ELEMENTS settings menu. The active setting group can be indicated on the front display of the UR by configuring User-
Programmable LEDs to display the state of the SETTING GROUP ACT FlexLogic operands.
SETTING GROUPS FUNCTION — When Enabled, allows setting groups other than group 1 (the default active group) to be
activated. The default setting group is forced active while the SETTING GROUPS FUNCTION setting is Disabled.
SETTING GROUPS BLK — Prevents the active setting group from changing when the selected FlexLogic operand is "On." This
can be useful in applications where it is undesirable to change the settings under certain conditions, such as during a
control sequence.

GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON to GROUP 6 ACTIVATE ON — Selects a FlexLogic operand which, when set, makes the particular setting
group active for use by any grouped element. A priority scheme ensures that only one group is active at a given time — the
highest-numbered group that is activated by its ACTIVATE ON parameter takes priority over the lower-numbered groups.
There is no activate on setting for group 1 (the default active group), because group 1 automatically becomes active if no
other group is active.
SETTING GROUP 1 NAME to SETTING GROUP 6 NAME — Allows the user to assign a name to each of the six settings groups.
Once programmed, this name appears on the second line of the GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUP 1(6) menu display.
The relay can be set up via a FlexLogic equation to receive requests to activate or de-activate a particular non-default
settings group. The following FlexLogic equation (see the following figure) illustrates requests via remote communications
(for example, VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ON) or from a local contact input (for example, CONTACT IP 1 ON) to initiate the use of a particular
settings group, and requests from several overcurrent pickup measuring elements to inhibit the use of the particular
settings group. The assigned VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 operand is used to control the “On” state of a particular settings group.
Figure 5-137: Example of FlexLogic control of a setting group
A setting group selection can also be made by the IEC 61850 MMS service SelectActiveSG to the control block @Master/
LLN0.SGCB. The priority scheme mentioned makes active the highest numbered group selected by SelectActiveSG or the
GROUP ACTIVATE ON settings. The SelectActiveSG selection has a default value of 1, so until a higher SelectActiveSG
selection is received, the GROUP ACTIVATE ON settings control the active group.
The most recent SelectActiveSG selection is preserved while the UR is powered down or reset.
If it becomes necessary to cancel the SelectActiveSG selection without using a SelectActiveSG service request, change the
SETTING GROUPS FUNCTION setting to Disabled. This resets the SelectActiveSG selection to 1.
5.8.4 Selector switch

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  SELECTOR SWITCH  SELECTOR SWITCH 1(2)
 SELECTOR SWITCH 1 SELECTOR 1 FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled
  Disabled
SELECTOR 1 FULL Range: 1 to 7 in steps of 1

 RANGE: 7
SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT: Range: 3.0 to 60.0 s in steps of 0.1

 5.0 s
SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP Range: Time-out, Acknowledge

 MODE: Time-out

SELECTOR 1 ACK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

 Off

 Off
SELECTOR 1 3BIT Range: Time-out, Acknowledge

 MODE: Time-out
SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP Range: Restore, Synchronize, Sync/Restore

 MODE: Restore
SELECTOR 1 TARGETS: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
SELECTOR 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The selector switch element is intended to replace a mechanical selector switch. Typical applications include setting group
control or control of multiple logic sub-circuits in user-programmable logic.
The element provides for two control inputs. The step-up control allows stepping through selector position one step at a
time with each pulse of the control input, such as a user-programmable pushbutton. The three-bit control input allows
setting the selector to the position defined by a three-bit word. 5
The element allows pre-selecting a new position without applying it. The pre-selected position gets applied either after
time-out or upon acknowledgement via separate inputs (user setting). The selector position is stored in non-volatile
memory. Upon power-up, either the previous position is restored or the relay synchronizes to the current three-bit word
(user setting). Basic alarm functionality alerts the user under abnormal conditions; for example, the three-bit control input
being out of range.
A selector switch runs every two power cycles.
SELECTOR 1 FULL RANGE — This setting defines the upper position of the selector. When stepping up through available
positions of the selector, the upper position wraps up to the lower position (position 1). When using a direct three-bit control
word for programming the selector to a desired position, the change would take place only if the control word is within the
range of 1 to the SELECTOR FULL RANGE. If the control word is outside the range, an alarm is established by setting the
SELECTOR ALARM FlexLogic operand for three seconds.
SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT — This setting defines the time-out period for the selector. This value is used by the relay in the
following two ways. When the SELECTOR STEP-UP MODE is “Time-out,” the setting specifies the required period of inactivity
of the control input after which the pre-selected position is automatically applied. When the SELECTOR STEP-UP MODE is
“Acknowledge,” the setting specifies the period of time for the acknowledging input to appear. The timer is re-started by
any activity of the control input. The acknowledging input must come before the SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT timer expires;
otherwise, the change does not take place and an alarm is set.
SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP — This setting specifies a control input for the selector switch. The switch is shifted to a new position at
each rising edge of this signal. The position changes incrementally, wrapping up from the last (SELECTOR 1 FULL RANGE) to
the first (position 1). Consecutive pulses of this control operand must not occur faster than every 50 ms. After each rising
edge of the assigned operand, the time-out timer is restarted and the SELECTOR SWITCH 1: POS Z CHNG INITIATED target
message is displayed, where Z the pre-selected position. The message is displayed for the time specified by the FLASH
MESSAGE TIME setting. The pre-selected position is applied after the selector times out (“Time-out” mode), or when the
acknowledging signal appears before the element times out (“Acknowledge” mode). When the new position is applied, the
relay displays the SELECTOR SWITCH 1: POSITION Z IN USE message. Typically, a user-programmable pushbutton is
configured as the stepping up control input.

SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP MODE — This setting defines the selector mode of operation. When set to “Time-out,” the selector
changes its position after a pre-defined period of inactivity at the control input. The change is automatic and does not
require any explicit confirmation of the intent to change the selector's position. When set to “Acknowledge,” the selector
changes its position only after the intent is confirmed through a separate acknowledging signal. If the acknowledging
signal does not appear within a pre-defined period of time, the selector does not accept the change and an alarm is
established by setting the SELECTOR STP ALARM output FlexLogic operand for three seconds.
SELECTOR 1 ACK — This setting specifies an acknowledging input for the stepping up control input. The pre-selected
position is applied on the rising edge of the assigned operand. This setting is active only under “Acknowledge” mode of
operation. The acknowledging signal must appear within the time defined by the SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT setting after the last
activity of the control input. A user-programmable pushbutton is typically configured as the acknowledging input.
SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0, A1, and A2 — These settings specify a three-bit control input of the selector. The three-bit control word
pre-selects the position using the following encoding convention:
A2 A1 A0 Position
0 0 0 rest
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 2
0 1 1 3
1 0 0 4
1 0 1 5
1 1 0 6
1 1 1 7
The “rest” position (0, 0, 0) does not generate an action and is intended for situations when the device generating the three-
5 bit control word is having a problem. When SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE is “Time-out,” the pre-selected position is applied in
SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT seconds after the last activity of the three-bit input. When SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE is “Acknowledge,”
the pre-selected position is applied on the rising edge of the SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK acknowledging input.
The stepping up control input (SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP) and the three-bit control inputs (SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0 through A2) lock-out
mutually: once the stepping up sequence is initiated, the three-bit control input is inactive; once the three-bit control
sequence is initiated, the stepping up input is inactive.
SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE — This setting defines the selector mode of operation. When set to “Time-out,” the selector changes
its position after a pre-defined period of inactivity at the control input. The change is automatic and does not require
explicit confirmation to change the selector position. When set to “Acknowledge,” the selector changes its position only
after confirmation via a separate acknowledging signal. If the acknowledging signal does not appear within a pre-defined
period of time, the selector rejects the change and an alarm established by invoking the SELECTOR BIT ALARM FlexLogic operand
for three seconds.
SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK — This setting specifies an acknowledging input for the three-bit control input. The pre-selected
position is applied on the rising edge of the assigned FlexLogic operand. This setting is active only under the
“Acknowledge” mode of operation. The acknowledging signal must appear within the time defined by the SELECTOR TIME-
OUT setting after the last activity of the three-bit control inputs. Note that the stepping up control input and three-bit
control input have independent acknowledging signals (SELECTOR 1 ACK and SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK , accordingly).
SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP MODE — This setting specifies the element behavior on power up of the relay.
When set to “Restore,” the last position of the selector (stored in the non-volatile memory) is restored after powering up the
relay. If the position restored from memory is out of range, position 0 (no output operand selected) is applied and an alarm
is set (SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM).
When set to “Synchronize,” the selector switch acts as follows. For two power cycles, the selector applies position 0 to the
switch and activates SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM. After two power cycles expire, the selector synchronizes to the position
dictated by the three-bit control input. This operation does not wait for time-out or the acknowledging input. When the
synchronization attempt is unsuccessful (that is, the three-bit input is not available (0,0,0) or out of range), then the selector
switch output is set to position 0 (no output operand selected) and an alarm is established (SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM).

The operation of “Synch/Restore” mode is similar to the “Synchronize” mode. The only difference is that after an
unsuccessful synchronization attempt, the switch attempts to restore the position stored in the relay memory. The “Synch/
Restore” mode is useful for applications where the selector switch is employed to change the setting group in redundant
(two relay) protection schemes.
SELECTOR 1 EVENTS — If enabled, the following events are logged:
Event name Description

SELECTOR 1 POS Z Selector 1 changed its position to Z
SELECTOR 1 STP ALARM The selector position pre-selected via the stepping up control input has not been confirmed before the
time out
SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM The selector position pre-selected via the three-bit control input has not been confirmed before the time
out
The following figures illustrate the operation of the selector switch. In these diagrams, “T” represents a time-out setting.

Figure 5-138: Time-out mode

Figure 5-139: Acknowledge mode
Application example
Consider an application where the selector switch is used to control setting groups 1 through 4 in the relay. The setting
groups are to be controlled from both user-programmable pushbutton 1 and from an external device via contact inputs 1
through 3. The active setting group is to be available as an encoded three-bit word to the external device and SCADA via
output contacts 1 through 3. The pre-selected setting group is to be applied automatically after five seconds of inactivity
of the control inputs. When the relay powers up, it is to synchronize the setting group to the three-bit control input.

Make the following changes to setting group control in the SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  SETTING GROUPS menu:
SETTING GROUPS FUNCTION: “Enabled”
SETTING GROUPS BLK : “Off”
GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON: “SELECTOR 1 POS 2"
GROUP 5 ACTIVATE ON: “Off”
GROUP 6 ACTIVATE ON: “Off”
Make the following changes to selector switch element in the SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  SELECTOR SWITCH 
SELECTOR SWITCH 1 menu to assign control to user programmable pushbutton 1 and contact inputs 1 through 3:
SELECTOR 1 FUNCTION: “Enabled”
SELECTOR 1 FULL-RANGE: “4”
SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP MODE: “Time-out”
SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT: “5.0 s”
SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP: “PUSHBUTTON 1 ON”
SELECTOR 1 ACK : “Off”
SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0: “CONT IP 1 ON”
SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE: “Time-out”
SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK : “Off”
SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP MODE: “Synchronize”
Now, assign the contact output operation (assume the H6E module) to the selector switch element by making the following
changes in the SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUTS menu:
5 OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: “SELECTOR 1 BIT 0"
OUTPUT H2 OPERATE: “SELECTOR 1 BIT 1"
OUTPUT H3 OPERATE: “SELECTOR 1 BIT 2"
Finally, assign configure user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following changes in the SETTINGS  PRODUCT
SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS  USER PUSHBUTTON 1 menu:
PUSHBUTTON 1 DROP-OUT TIME: “0.10 s”
The figure shows the logic for the selector switch.

Figure 5-140: Selector switch logic
5.8.5 Underfrequency (ANSI 81U)

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  UNDERFREQUENCY  UNDERFREQUENCY 1(6)
 UNDERFREQUENCY 1 UNDFREQ 1 FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled
  Disabled
UNDERFREQ 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
UNDERFREQ 1 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 1
UNDERFREQ 1 MIN Range: 0.10 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01

 VOLT/AMP: 0.10 pu
UNDERFREQ 1 PICKUP: Range: 20.00 to 65.00 Hz in steps of 0.01

 59.50 Hz
UNDERFREQ 1 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 2.000 s
UNDERFREQ 1 RESET Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY : 2.000 s
UNDERFREQ 1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
UNDERFREQ 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
There are six identical underfrequency elements, numbered 1 through 6.

The steady-state frequency of a power system is a certain indicator of the existing balance between the generated power
and the load. Whenever this balance is disrupted through the loss of an important generating unit or the isolation of part
of the system from the rest of the system, the effect is a reduction in frequency. If the control systems of the system
generators do not respond fast enough, the system can collapse. A reliable method to quickly restore the balance between
load and generation is to automatically disconnect selected loads, based on the actual system frequency. This technique,
called “load-shedding,” maintains system integrity and minimize widespread outages. After the frequency returns to
normal, the load can be restored automatically or manually.
UNDERFREQ 1 SOURCE — This setting is used to select the source for the signal to be measured. The element first checks for
a live phase voltage available from the selected source. If voltage is not available, the element attempts to use a phase
current. If neither voltage nor current is available, the element does not operate, as it does not measure a parameter
below the minimum voltage/current setting.
UNDERFREQ 1 MIN VOLT/AMP — Selects the minimum per unit voltage or current level required to allow the underfrequency
element to operate. This threshold is used to prevent an incorrect operation because there is no signal to measure.
UNDERFREQ 1 PICKUP — Selects the level at which the underfrequency element is to pickup. For example, if the system
frequency is 60 Hz and the load shedding is required at 59.5 Hz, the setting is 59.50 Hz.
Figure 5-141: Underfrequency logic
5.8.6 Frequency rate of change (ANSI 81R)

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  FREQUENCY RATE OF CHANGE  FREQUENCY RATE OF CHANGE 1(2)
 FREQUENCY RATE FREQ RATE 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 OF CHANGE 1  FUNCTION: Disabled
FREQ RATE 1 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 1
FREQ RATE 1 TREND: Range: Increasing, Decreasing, Bi-directional

 Increasing
FREQ RATE 1 PICKUP: Range: 0.10 to 15.00 Hz/sec in steps of 0.01

 0.50 Hz/sec
FREQ RATE 1 OV SUPV Range: 0.100 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

FREQ RATE 1 OC SUPV Range: 0.020 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

FREQ RATE 1 MIN Range: 20.00 to 80.00 Hz in steps of 0.01

 FREQUENCY: 45.00 Hz
FREQ RATE 1 MAX Range: 20.00 to 80.00 Hz in steps of 0.01

 FREQUENCY: 65.00 Hz
FREQ RATE 1 PICKUP Range: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
FREQ RATE 1 RESET Range: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s

FREQ RATE 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
FREQ RATE 1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
FREQ RATE 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The element responds to rate of change of frequency with voltage, current and frequency supervision.
FREQ RATE 1 TREND — This setting configures the element to respond to increasing or decreasing frequency, or to frequency
change in either direction.
FREQ RATE 1 PICKUP — This setting specifies an intended df/dt pickup threshold. For applications monitoring a decreasing
trend, set FREQ RATE 1 TREND to “Decreasing” and specify the pickup threshold accordingly. The operating condition is:
-df/dt > Pickup.
For applications monitoring an increasing trend, set FREQ RATE 1 TREND to “Increasing” and specify the pickup threshold
accordingly. The operating condition is: df/dt > Pickup.
For applications monitoring rate of change of frequency in any direction set FREQ RATE 1 TREND to “Bi-Directional” and
specify the pickup threshold accordingly. The operating condition is: abs (df/dt) > Pickup.
FREQ RATE 1 OV SUPV PICKUP — This setting defines the minimum voltage level required for operation of the element. The
supervising function responds to the positive-sequence voltage. Use overvoltage supervision to prevent operation under
specific system conditions, such as faults.
FREQ RATE 1 OC SUPV PICKUP — This setting defines minimum current level required for operation of the element. The
supervising function responds to the positive-sequence current. Typical application includes load shedding. Set the pickup
threshold to 0.020 if no overcurrent supervision is required.
FREQ RATE 1 MIN FREQUENCY — This setting defines the minimum frequency level required for operation of the element. The 5
setting can be used to effectively block the feature based on frequency. For example, if the intent is to monitor an
increasing trend but only if the frequency is already above certain level, set this setting to the required frequency level.
FREQ RATE 1 MAX FREQUENCY — This setting defines the maximum frequency level required for operation of the element.
The setting can be used to effectively block the feature based on frequency. For example, if the intent is to monitor a
decreasing trend but only if the frequency is already below a certain level (such as for load shedding), set this setting to the
required frequency level.
If the signal source assigned to the frequency rate of change element is only set to auxiliary VT, then the minimum
voltage supervision is 3 V.

Figure 5-142: Frequency rate of change logic
5.8.7 Synchrocheck (ANSI 25)

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  SYNCHROCHECK  SYNCHROCHECK 1(4)
5  SYNCHROCHECK 1
  SYNCHK1 FUNCTION:
Disabled
SYNCHK1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SYNCHK1 V1 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 1
SYNCHK1 V2 SOURCE: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 2
SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT Range: 0 to 400000 V in steps of 1

 DIFF: 10000 V
SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE Range: 0 to 100° in steps of 1

 DIFF: 30°
SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ Range: 0.00 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01

 DIFF: 1.00 Hz

SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ Range: 0.00 to 0.10 Hz in steps of 0.01

 HYSTERESIS: 0.06 Hz
SYNCHK1 SYNC CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
SYNCHK1 S-CLS MAX Range: 0.10 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01

 dF: 0.50 Hz
SYNCHK1 S-CLS MIN Range: 0.01 to 1.00 Hz in steps of 0.01

 dF: 0.10 Hz
SYNCHK1 S-CLS BRK Range: 0.010 to 0.500 s in steps of 0.001

 TIME: 0.035 s
SYNCHK1 V2 MAG CORR Range: 0.10 to 10.00 in steps of 0.01

 FACTOR: 1.00
SYNCHK1 V2 ANGLE Range: -180 to +180 degrees in steps of 1

 SHIFT: 0
SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE Range: None, LV1 and DV2, DV1 and LV2, DV1 or DV2,
 SELECT: LV1 and DV2 DV1 Xor DV2, DV1 and DV2
SYNCHK1 DEAD V1 Range: 0.04 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01

 MAX VOLT: 0.30 pu
SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 Range: 0.04 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01

 MAX VOLT: 0.30 pu
SYNCHK1 LIVE V1 Range: 0.04 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01

 MIN VOLT: 0.70 pu
 SYNCHK1 LIVE V2
MIN VOLT: 0.70 pu
Range: 0.04 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01 5
SYNCHK1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
 Self-reset
SYNCHK1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The synchronism check function supervises the paralleling of two parts of a system that are to be joined by the closure of
a circuit breaker. The synchrocheck elements are typically used at locations where the two parts of the system are
interconnected through at least one other point in the system.
Synchrocheck verifies that the voltages (V1 and V2) on the two sides of the supervised circuit breaker are within set limits
of magnitude, angle, and frequency differences. The time that the two voltages remain within the admissible angle
difference is determined by the setting of the phase angle difference ΔΦ and the frequency difference ΔF (slip frequency). It
can be defined as the time it takes the voltage phasor V1 or V2 to traverse an angle equal to 2 × ΔΦ at a frequency equal
to the frequency difference ΔF. This time is calculated by:
Eq. 5-24
where
ΔΦ is phase angle difference in degrees
ΔF is frequency difference in Hz
If one or both sources are de-energized, the synchrocheck programming can allow for closing of the circuit breaker using
undervoltage control to bypass the synchrocheck measurements (dead source function).
SYNCHK1 V1 SOURCE — This setting selects the source for voltage V1 (see the Notes section that follows).
SYNCHK1 V2 SOURCE — Selects the source for voltage V2, which must not be the same as used for the V1 (see Notes).

SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT DIFF — Selects the maximum primary voltage difference in volts between the two sources. A primary
voltage magnitude difference between the two input voltages below this value is within the permissible limit for
synchronism.
SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE DIFF — Selects the maximum angular difference in degrees between the two sources. An angular
difference between the two input voltage phasors below this value is within the permissible limit for synchronism.
SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ HYSTERESIS — Specifies the required hysteresis for the maximum frequency difference condition. The
condition becomes satisfied when the frequency difference becomes lower than SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF. Once the
Synchrocheck element has operated, the frequency difference must increase above the SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF + SYNCHK1
MAX FREQ HYSTERESIS sum to drop out (assuming the other two conditions, voltage and angle, remain satisfied).
SYNCHK1 SYNC CLOSE — Enables the dynamic mode of synchrocheck. When it is enabled, the location of where the present
V2 vector will be arriving to synchronize (shown as V2' in the figures here) with breaker close time being taken into account
will be predicted based on the measured slip frequency so that breaker close command can be issued in advance to
ensure the synchronism at the time when the breaker is actually closed.
Figure 5-143: Synchrocheck plot for slip > 0 (slip = F2-F1)
Figure 5-144: Synchrocheck plot for slip < 0 (slip = F2-F1)
SYNCHK1 S-CLS MAX dF — Specifies the maximum slip frequency allowed in Hz in the dynamic mode. The dynamic mode is
disarmed when the slip frequency exceeds this setting.
SYNCHK1 S-CLS MIN dF — Specifies the minimum slip frequency allowed in Hz in the dynamic mode. The dynamic mode is
disarmed when the slip frequency drops below this setting.
SYNCHK1 S-CLS BRK TIME — Specifies the breaker closing time in seconds.
SYNCHK1 V2 MAG CORR FACTOR — Specifies the magnitude correction factor of source V2. This setting is used for V2
magnitude compensation so that V2 magnitude can be directly compared with V1 magnitude. For example, when V1 and
V2 are taken from 2 different windings of the transformer and at different voltage levels, the magnitude compensation
must be performed before starting magnitude comparison in synchrocheck element.

SYNCHK1 V2 ANGLE SHIFT — Specifies the angle of source V2 that needs to be shifted so that V2 angle can be directly
compared with V1 angle. For example, when V1 and V2 are taken from two different windings of the transformer and with
different angle shift due to winding connections, the angle shift compensation must be performed before starting angle
comparison in synchrocheck element.
SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE SELECT — Selects the combination of dead and live sources that bypass the synchronism check
function and permit the breaker to be closed when one or both of the two voltages (V1 or/and V2) are below the maximum
voltage threshold. A dead or live source is declared by monitoring the voltage level. Six options are available:
None — Dead Source function is disabled
LV1 and DV2 — Live V1 and Dead V2
DV1 and LV2 — Dead V1 and Live V2
DV1 or DV2 — Dead V1 or Dead V2
DV1 Xor DV2 — Dead V1 exclusive-or Dead V2 (one source is Dead and the other is Live)
DV1 and DV2 — Dead V1 and Dead V2
SYNCHK1 DEAD V1 MAX VOLT — Establishes a maximum voltage magnitude for V1 in 1 ‘pu’. Below this magnitude, the V1
voltage input used for synchrocheck is considered “Dead” or de-energized.
SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 MAX VOLT — Establishes a maximum voltage magnitude for V2 in ‘pu’. Below this magnitude, the V2
voltage input used for synchrocheck is considered “Dead” or de-energized.
SYNCHK1 LIVE V1 MIN VOLT — Establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V1 in ‘pu’. Above this magnitude, the V1 voltage
input used for synchrocheck is considered “Live” or energized.
SYNCHK1 LIVE V2 MIN VOLT — This setting establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V2 in ‘pu’. Above this magnitude,
the V2 voltage input used for synchrocheck is considered “Live” or energized.
Notes on the synchrocheck function

1. The selected sources for synchrocheck inputs V1 and V2 (which must not be the same source) can include both a 5
three-phase and an auxiliary voltage. The relay automatically selects the specific voltages to be used by the
synchrocheck element in accordance with the following table.
Number V1 or V2 (source Y) V2 or V1 (source Z) Auto-selected combination Auto-selected

voltage
Source Y Source Z
1 Phase VTs and Phase VTs and Phase Phase VAB
Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT
2 Phase VTs and Phase VT Phase Phase VAB
Auxiliary VT
3 Phase VT Phase VT Phase Phase VAB
4 Phase VT and Auxiliary Auxiliary VT Phase Auxiliary V auxiliary
VT (as set for source Z)
5 Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT Auxiliary Auxiliary V auxiliary
(as set for selected
sources)
The voltages V1 and V2 are matched automatically so that the corresponding voltages from the two sources are used
to measure conditions. A phase to phase voltage is used if available in both sources; if one or both of the Sources have
only an auxiliary voltage, this voltage is used. For example, if an auxiliary voltage is programmed to VAG, the
synchrocheck element automatically selects VAG from the other source. If the comparison is required on a specific
voltage, the user can externally connect that specific voltage to auxiliary voltage terminals and then use this "Auxiliary
Voltage" to check the synchronism conditions.
If using a single CT/VT module with both phase voltages and an auxiliary voltage, ensure that only the auxiliary
voltage is programmed in one of the sources to be used for synchrocheck. An exception is that synchronism cannot
be checked between Delta connected phase VTs and a Wye connected auxiliary voltage.
2. The relay measures frequency and Volts/Hz from an input on a given source with priorities as established by the
configuration of input channels to the source. The relay uses the phase channel of a three-phase set of voltages if
programmed as part of that source. The relay uses the auxiliary voltage channel only if that channel is programmed

as part of the Source and a three-phase set is not.

Figure 5-145: Synchrocheck logic

5.8.8 Autoreclose (ANSI 79)

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  AUTORECLOSE  AUTORECLOSE 1
 AUTORECLOSE 1 AR1 FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled
  Disabled
AR1 INITIATE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 MAX NUMBER OF Range: 1, 2, 3, 4

 SHOTS: 1
AR1 REDUCE MAX TO 1: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

 Off

 Off
AR1 MANUAL CLOSE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 MNL RST FRM LO: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 RESET LOCKOUT IF Range: Off, On


5 BREAKER CLOSED: Off
AR1 RESET LOCKOUT ON Range: Off, On

 MANUAL CLOSE: Off
AR1 BKR CLOSED: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 BKR OPEN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 BLK TIME UPON Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 MNL CLS: 10.000 s
AR1 DEAD TIME 1: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 1.000 s

 2.000 s

 3.000 s

 4.000 s
AR1 ADD DELAY 1: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 DELAY 1: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 0.000 s
AR1 ADD DELAY 2: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
AR1 DELAY 2: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 0.000 s
AR1 RESET LOCKOUT Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 DELAY: 60.000

AR1 RESET TIME: Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 60.000 s
AR1 INCOMPLETE SEQ Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01

 TIME: 5.000 s
AR1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The D30 is provided with this optional feature, specified as an option at the time of ordering. Using the order
code for your device, see the order codes in chapter 2 for details.
The maximum number of autoreclosure elements available is equal to the number of installed CT banks.
The autoreclosure feature is intended for use with transmission and distribution lines, in three-pole tripping schemes for
single breaker applications. Up to four selectable reclosures "shots" are possible prior to locking out. Each shot has an
independently settable dead time. The protection settings can be changed between shots if required, using FlexLogic.
Logic inputs are available for disabling or blocking the scheme.
Faceplate panel LEDs indicate the state of the autoreclose scheme as follows:
• Reclose Enabled — The scheme is enabled and can reclose if initiated
• Reclose Disabled — The scheme is disabled
• Reclose In Progress — An autoreclosure has been initiated but the breaker has not yet been signaled to close
• Reclose Locked Out — The scheme has generated the maximum number of breaker closures allowed and, as the fault
persists, does not close the breaker again; known as "Lockout." The scheme can also be sent in "Lockout" when the
incomplete sequence timer times out or when a block signal occurs while in "reclose in progress." The scheme must be
reset from Lockout in order to perform reclose for further faults. 5
The reclosure scheme is considered enabled when all of the following conditions are true:
• The AR1 FUNCTION is set to “Enabled”
• The scheme is not in the "Lockout" state
• The "Block" input is not asserted
• The AR1 BLK TIME UPON MNL CLS timer is not active
The autoreclose scheme is initiated by a trip signal from any selected protection feature operand. The scheme is initiated
provided the circuit breaker is in the closed state before protection operation.
The reclose-in-progress (RIP) is set when a reclosing cycle begins following a reclose initiate signal. Once the cycle is
successfully initiated, the RIP signal seals-in and the scheme continues through its sequence until one of the following
conditions is satisfied:
• The close signal is issued when the dead timer times out, or
• The scheme goes to lockout
While RIP is active, the scheme checks that the breaker is open and the shot number is below the limit, and then begins
measuring the dead time.
Each of the four possible shots has an independently settable dead time. Two additional timers can be used to increase the
initial set dead times 1 to 4 by a delay equal to AR1 DELAY 1 or AR1 DELAY 2 or the sum of these two delays depending on the
selected settings. This offers enhanced setting flexibility using FlexLogic operands to turn the two additional timers “on”
and “off.” These operands can possibly include AR1 SHOT CNT =n, SETTING GROUP ACT 1, and so on. The autoreclose provides
up to maximum 4 selectable shots. Maximum number of shots can be dynamically modified through the settings AR1
REDUCE MAX TO 1 (2, 3), using the appropriate FlexLogic operand.
Scheme lockout blocks all phases of the reclosing cycle, preventing automatic reclosure, if any of the following occurs:
• The maximum shot number was reached
• A "Block" input is in effect (for instance, Breaker Failure or bus differential protection operated)
• The "Incomplete Sequence" timer times out

The recloser is latched in the Lockout state until a "reset from lockout" signal is asserted, either from a manual close of the
breaker or from a manual reset command (local or remote). The reset from lockout can be accomplished by operator
command, by manually closing the breaker, or whenever the breaker has been closed and stays closed for a preset time.
After the dead time elapses, the scheme issues the close signal. The close signal is latched until the breaker closes or the
scheme goes to Lockout.
A reset timer output resets the recloser following a successful reclosure sequence. The reset time is based on the breaker
"reclaim time," which is the minimum time required between successive reclose sequences.
5.8.8.1 Settings
AR1 INITIATE — Selects the FlexLogic operand that initiates the scheme, typically the trip signal from protection.
AR1 BLOCK — Selects the FlexLogic operand that blocks the autoreclosure initiate (it can be from the breaker failure, bus
differential protection, and so on).
AR1 MAX NUMBER OF SHOTS — Specifies the number of reclosures that can be attempted before reclosure goes to “Lockout”
because the fault is permanent.
AR1 REDUCE MAX TO 1(3) — Selects the FlexLogic operand that changes the maximum number of shots from the initial
setting to 1, 2, or 3, respectively.
AR1 MANUAL CLOSE — Selects the logic input set when the breaker is manually closed.
AR1 MNL RST FRM LO — Selects the FlexLogic operand that resets the autoreclosure from Lockout condition. Typically this is
a manual reset from lockout, local or remote.
AR1 RESET LOCKOUT IF BREAKER CLOSED — This setting allows the autoreclose scheme to reset from Lockout if the breaker
has been manually closed and stays closed for a preset time. In order for this setting to be effective, disable the next
setting (AR1 RESET LOCKOUT ON MANUAL CLOSE).
5 AR1 RESET LOCKOUT ON MANUAL CLOSE — This setting allows the autoreclose scheme to reset from Lockout when the
breaker is manually closed regardless if the breaker remains closed or not. This setting overrides the previous setting (AR1
RESET LOCKOUT IF BREAKER CLOSED).
AR1 BLK TIME UPON MNL CLS — The autoreclose scheme can be disabled for a programmable time delay after the
associated circuit breaker is manually closed. This prevents reclosing onto a fault after a manual close. This delay must be
longer than the slowest expected trip from any protection not blocked after manual closing. If no overcurrent trips occur
after a manual close and this time expires, the autoreclose scheme is enabled.
AR1 DEAD TIME 1 to AR1 DEAD TIME 4 — These are the intentional delays before first, second, third, and fourth breaker
automatic reclosures (1st, 2nd, and 3rd shots), respectively. Set them longer than the estimated deionizing time following a
three pole trip.
AR1 ADD DELAY 1 — This setting selects the FlexLogic operand that introduces an additional delay (Delay 1) to the initial set
Dead Time (1 to 4). When this setting is “Off,” Delay 1 is by-passed.
AR1 DELAY 1 — This setting establishes the extent of the additional dead time Delay 1.
AR1 ADD DELAY 2 — This setting selects the FlexLogic operand that introduces an additional delay (Delay 2) to the initial set
Dead Time (1 to 4). When this setting is “Off”, Delay 2 is by-passed.
AR1 DELAY 2 — This setting establishes the extent of the additional dead time Delay 2.
AR1 RESET LOCKOUT DELAY — This setting establishes how long the breaker stays closed after a manual close command, in
order for the autorecloser to reset from Lockout.
AR1 RESET TIME — A reset timer output resets the recloser following a successful reclosure sequence. The setting is based
on the breaker "reclaim time," which is the minimum time required between successive reclose sequences.
AR1 INCOMPLETE SEQ TIME — This timer defines the maximum time interval allowed for a single reclose shot. It is started
whenever a reclosure is initiated and is active when the scheme is in the "reclose-in-progress" state. If all conditions
allowing a breaker closure are not satisfied when this time expires, the scheme goes to Lockout.
This timer must be set to a delay less than the reset timer.

Figure 5-146: Autoreclosure logic (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 5-147: Autorecloser logic (Sheet 2 of 2)

Figure 5-148: Single shot autoreclosing sequence - permanent fault

5.8.9 Digital elements

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  DIGITAL ELEMENTS  DIGITAL ELEMENT 1(48)
 DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
DIG ELEM 1 NAME: Range: up to 16 alphanumeric characters

 Dig Element 1
DIG ELEM 1 INPUT: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
DIG ELEM 1 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 999999.999 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
DIG ELEM 1 RESET Range: 0.000 to 999999.999 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

 PICKUP LED: Enabled
DIG ELEM 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

5 Digital elements run once per power system cycle.

As such they can easily fail to react to an input signal or a block signal with a duration less than one power system
cycle. This also means that digital element output can react up to one power system cycle later than the pickup
and reset delay settings indicate.
Do not use digital elements with transient signals, such as communications commands. Do not use digital
elements where random delays of up to one cycle cannot be tolerated, such as in high speed protection.
There are 48 identical digital elements available, numbered 1 to 48. A digital element can monitor any FlexLogic operand
and present a target message and/or enable events recording depending on the output operand state. The digital element
settings include a name to be referenced in any target message, a blocking input from any selected FlexLogic operand,
and a timer for pickup and reset delays for the output operand.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 INPUT — Selects a FlexLogic operand to be monitored by the digital element.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 PICKUP DELAY — Sets the required time delay from element pickup to element operation. If a pickup delay
is not required, set to "0," To avoid nuisance alarms, set the delay greater than the operating time of the breaker.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 RESET DELAY — Sets the time delay to reset. If a reset delay is not required, set to “0.”
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 PICKUP LED — This setting enables or disabled the digital element pickup LED. When set to “Disabled,” the
operation of the pickup LED is blocked.

Figure 5-149: Digital element logic
Circuit monitoring applications

Some versions of the digital input modules include an active voltage monitor circuit connected across form-A contacts.
The voltage monitor circuit limits the trickle current through the output circuit (see technical specifications for form-A).
As long as the current through the voltage monitor is above a threshold (see technical specifications for form-A), the Cont
Op 1 VOn FlexLogic operand is set (for contact input 1—corresponding operands exist for each contact output). If the output
circuit has a high resistance or the DC current is interrupted, the trickle current drops below the threshold and the Cont Op 1
VOff FlexLogic operand is set. Consequently, the state of these operands can be used as indicators of the integrity of the
circuits in which form-A contacts are inserted.
Example 1: Breaker trip circuit integrity monitoring

5
In many applications it is desired to monitor the breaker trip circuit integrity so that problems can be detected before a trip
operation is required. The circuit is considered to be healthy when the voltage monitor connected across the trip output
contact detects a low level of current, well below the operating current of the breaker trip coil. If the circuit presents a high
resistance, the trickle current falls below the monitor threshold, and an alarm is declared.
In most breaker control circuits, the trip coil is connected in series with a breaker auxiliary contact that is open when the
breaker is open (see figure). To prevent unwanted alarms in this situation, the trip circuit monitoring logic must include the
breaker position.
Figure 5-150: Trip circuit example 1

Assume the output contact H1 is a trip contact. Using the contact output settings, this output is given an ID name; for
example, “Cont Op 1." Assume a 52a breaker auxiliary contact is connected to contact input H7a to monitor breaker status.
Using the contact input settings, this input is given an ID name, for example, “Cont Ip 1," and is set “On” when the breaker is
closed. The settings to use digital element 1 to monitor the breaker trip circuit are indicated (EnerVista example shown).
Example 2: Breaker trip circuit integrity monitoring

If it is required to monitor the trip circuit continuously, independent of the breaker position (open or closed), a method to
maintain the monitoring current flow through the trip circuit when the breaker is open must be provided (as shown in the
following figure). This can be achieved by connecting a suitable resistor (see figure) across the auxiliary contact in the trip
circuit. In this case, it is not required to supervise the monitoring circuit with the breaker position – the BLOCK setting is
5 selected to “Off.” In this case, the settings are as follows (EnerVista example shown).

Figure 5-151: Trip circuit example 2
The wiring connection for two examples above is applicable to both form-A contacts with voltage monitoring and
solid-state contact with voltage monitoring.
5.8.10 Digital counters

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  DIGITAL COUNTERS  COUNTER 1(8)
 COUNTER 1 COUNTER 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
5
COUNTER 1 NAME: Range: up to 12 alphanumeric characters

 Counter 1
COUNTER 1 UNITS: Range: up to six alphanumeric characters


COUNTER 1 PRESET: Range: –2,147,483,648 to +2,147,483,647
 0
COUNTER 1 COMPARE: Range: –2,147,483,648 to +2,147,483,647

 0
COUNTER 1 UP: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
COUNTER 1 DOWN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CNT1 SET TO PRESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
COUNTER 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

There are eight identical digital counters, numbered from 1 to 8. A digital counter counts the number of state transitions
from Logic 0 to Logic 1. The counter is used to count operations such as the pickups of an element, the changes of state of
an external contact (for example, breaker auxiliary switch), or pulses from a watt-hour meter.
COUNTER 1 UNITS — Assigns a label to identify the unit of measure pertaining to the digital transitions to be counted. The
units label appears in the corresponding actual values status.
COUNTER 1 PRESET — Sets the count to a required preset value before counting operations begin, as in the case where a
substitute relay is to be installed in place of an in-service relay, or while the counter is running.
COUNTER 1 COMPARE — Sets the value to which the accumulated count value is compared. Three FlexLogic output
operands are provided to indicate if the present value is ‘more than (HI)’, ‘equal to (EQL)’, or ‘less than (LO)’ the set value.
COUNTER 1 UP — Selects the FlexLogic operand for incrementing the counter. If an enabled UP input is received when the
accumulated value is at the limit of +2,147,483,647 counts, the counter rolls over to –2,147,483,648.
COUNTER 1 DOWN — Selects the FlexLogic operand for decrementing the counter. If an enabled DOWN input is received
when the accumulated value is at the limit of –2,147,483,648 counts, the counter rolls over to +2,147,483,647.
COUNTER 1 BLOCK — Selects the FlexLogic operand for blocking the counting operation. All counter operands are blocked.
CNT1 SET TO PRESET — Selects the FlexLogic operand used to set the count to the preset value. The counter sets to the
preset value in the following situations:
• When the counter is enabled and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand has the value 1 (when the counter is enabled and
CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand is 0, the counter sets to 0)
• When the counter is running and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand changes the state from 0 to 1 (CNT1 SET TO PRESET
changing from 1 to 0 while the counter is running has no effect on the count)
• When a reset or reset/freeze command is sent to the counter and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand has the value 1
(when a reset or reset/freeze command is sent to the counter and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand has the value 0, the
5 counter sets to 0)
COUNTER 1 RESET — Selects the FlexLogic operand for setting the count to either “0” or the preset value depending on the
state of the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand.
COUNTER 1 FREEZE/RESET — Selects the FlexLogic operand for capturing (freezing) the accumulated count value into a
separate register with the date and time of the operation, and resetting the count to “0.”
COUNTER 1 FREEZE/COUNT — Selects the FlexLogic operand for capturing (freezing) the accumulated count value into a
separate register with the date and time of the operation, and continuing counting. The present accumulated value and
captured frozen value with the associated date/time stamp are available as actual values. If control power is interrupted,
the accumulated and frozen values are saved into non-volatile memory during the power-down operation.

Figure 5-152: Digital counter logic
5
5.8.11 Monitoring elements
5.8.11.1 Menu
SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS
 MONITORING  BREAKER 1 See below
 ELEMENTS   ARCING CURRENT
 BREAKER 2
  ARCING CURRENT
 CT FAILURE See page 5-271

  DETECTOR 1
 CT FAILURE
  DETECTOR 2
 INCIPIENT FAULT 1 See page 5-272

 
 VT FUSE FAILURE 1 See page 5-274

 
 VT FUSE FAILURE 2
 
 THERMAL OVERLOAD See page 5-276

  PROTECTION
 BROKEN CONDUCTOR See page 5-279

 

5.8.11.2 Breaker arcing current

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS  BREAKER 1(2) ARCING CURRENT
 BREAKER 1 BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: Disabled, Enabled
 ARCING CURRENT  FUNCTION: Disabled
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-A: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off

BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-C: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 0.000 s
BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT: Range: 0 to 50000 kA2-cycle in steps of 1

 1000 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 INTERRUPTION Range: 0.0 to 100.0 kA in steps of 0.1

 RATING: 31.5 kA
BKR 1 CLR ARC AMPS: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BKR 1 ARC AMP BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
5  BKR 1 ARC AMP

TARGET: Self-reset
Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
BKR 1 ARC AMP Range: Disabled, Enabled

There is one breaker arcing current element available per CT bank, with a minimum of two elements. This element
calculates an estimate of the per-phase wear on the breaker contacts by measuring and integrating the current squared
passing through the breaker contacts as an arc. These per-phase values are added to accumulated totals for each phase
and compared to a programmed threshold value. When the threshold is exceeded in any phase, the relay can set an
output operand to “1.” The accumulated value for each phase can be displayed as an actual value.
The operation of the scheme is shown in the following logic diagram. The same output operand that is selected to operate
the output relay used to trip the breaker, indicating a tripping sequence has begun, is used to initiate this feature. A time
delay is introduced between initiation and the starting of integration to prevent integration of current flow through the
breaker before the contacts have parted. This interval includes the operating time of the output relay, any other auxiliary
relays, and the breaker mechanism. For maximum measurement accuracy, measure the interval between change-of-state
of the operand (from 0 to 1) and contact separation for the specific installation. Integration of the measured current
continues for 100 ms, which is expected to include the total arcing period.
The feature is programmed to perform fault duration calculations. Fault duration is defined as a time between operation of
the disturbance detector occurring before initiation of this feature, and reset of an internal low-set overcurrent function.
Correction is implemented to account for a non-zero reset time of the overcurrent function.
Breaker arcing currents and fault duration values are available under the ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  MAINTENANCE 
BREAKER 1(2) menus.
BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-A(C) — Select the same output operands that are configured to operate the output relays used to trip the
breaker. In three-pole tripping applications, configure the same operand to initiate arcing current calculations for poles A,
B, and C of the breaker. In single-pole tripping applications, configure per-pole tripping operands to initiate the calculations
for the poles that are actually tripped.
BKR 1 ARC AMP DELAY — This setting is used to program the delay interval between the time the tripping sequence is
initiated and the time the breaker contacts are expected to part, starting the integration of the measured current.
BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT — Selects the threshold value above which the output operand is set.

BKR 1 CLR ARC AMPS — Selects a FLexLogic Operand to clear the accumulated I2t values (kA2-cycle), reset fault duration
items (breaker operating time), clear ARCING AMPS (kA2-cycle) and AMP MAX (kA) values of the last event.
BKR 1 INTERUPTION RATING — This setting specifies the maximum symmetrical interruption rating of the circuit breaker.
Figure 5-153: Arcing current measurement

Figure 5-154: Breaker arcing current logic

5.8.11.3 CT failure detector

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS  CT FAILURE DETECTOR 1(2)
 CT FAILURE CT FAIL 1 FUNCTION: Range: Disabled, Enabled
 DETECTOR 1  Disabled
CT FAIL 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INP 1: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 1
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INP 1 Range: 0.1 to 2.0 pu in steps of 0.1

 PKP: 0.2 pu
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INP 2: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 2
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INP 2 Range: 0.1 to 2.0 pu in steps of 0.1

 PKP: 0.2 pu
CT FAIL 1 3V0 INPUT: Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SRC 1
CT FAIL 1 3V0 INPUT Range: 0.04 to 2.00 pu in steps of 0.01

 PKP: 0.20 pu
CT FAIL 1 PICKUP Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 DELAY: 1.000 s
CT FAIL 1 TARGET: Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

 Self-reset
 CT FAIL 1 EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

5
Disabled
The CT failure function detects problems with system current transformers used to supply current to the relay. This logic
detects the presence of a zero-sequence current at the supervised source of current without a simultaneous zero-
sequence current at another source, zero-sequence voltage, or some protection element condition.
The CT failure logic (see later) is based on the presence of the zero-sequence current in the supervised CT source and the
absence of one of three or all of the three following conditions:
• Zero-sequence current at different source current (can be different set of CTs or different CT core of the same CT)
• Zero-sequence voltage at the assigned source
• Appropriate protection element or remote signal
Settings are described as follows.
CT FAIL 1 FUNCTION — Enables or disables operation of the CT failure element.
CT FAIL 1 BLOCK — Selects a FlexLogic operand to block operation of the element during some condition (for example, an
open pole in process of the single pole tripping-reclosing). Local signals or remote signals representing operation of some
remote current protection elements via communication channels can also be chosen.
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INPUT 1 — Selects the current source for input 1. The most critical protection element should also be assigned
to the same source.
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INPUT 1 PICKUP — Selects the 3I_0 pickup value for input 1 (the main supervised CT source).
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INPUT 2 — Selects the current source for input 2. Input 2 should use a different set of CTs or a different CT core
of the same CT. If 3I_0 does not exist at source 2, then a CT failure is declared.
CT FAIL 1 3I0 INPUT 2 PICKUP — Selects the 3I_0 pickup value for input 2 (different CT input) of the relay.
CT FAIL 1 3V0 INPUT — Selects the voltage source.
CT FAIL 1 3V0 INPUT PICKUP — Specifies the pickup value for the 3V_0 source.
CT FAIL 1 PICKUP DELAY — Specifies the pickup delay of the CT failure element.

Figure 5-155: CT failure detector logic
5 5.8.11.4 Incipient fault detector

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS  INCIPIENT FAULT 1
 INCIPIENT FAULT 1 INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
INCIPNT FLT 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: 0.10 to 10.00 pu in steps of 0.01

 PICKUP: 0.50 pu
INCIPNT FLT 1 MODE: Range: Number of counts, Counts per window

 Number of counts
INCIPIENT FLT 1 TRIP Range: 1 to 10 in steps of 1

 COUNTS NUMBER: 2
INCIPNT FLT 1 DETECT Range: 0.00 to 1000.00 s in steps of 0.01

 WINDOW: 10.00 s
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 RESET DELAY: 0.100 s
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

There is one incipient cable fault detection element.

Before a permanent cable fault occurs, there are usually signs of degrading insulation manifesting itself as a short, mostly
half-cycle spikes asserting at the phase voltage peak. Due to shortness of such spikes, they are not usually detected by the
instantaneous protection of the feeder, which operates on the RMS or fundamental component of the phase current with a
relatively high pickup.
The number of detected incipient faults in each phase is counted and available in the ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS 
INCIPIENT FAULT menus. The counters can be reset with the COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS  CLEAR INCIPENT FAULT
COUNTERS command.
Changes to any of the incipient cable fault detector settings resets of the number of the incipient faults detected to
zero.
To provide a clear timing indication when the incipient fault occurred, the incipient fault event is time-stamped with
the time the fault actually occurred. However, the FlexLogic operand is asserted four cycles later, when the incipient
fault pattern is confirmed and therefore detected.
The figure illustrates a recorded field case of an incipient phase B fault. The top portion of the figure shows the raw A, B,
and C currents. The bottom portion shows the neutral current (blue) and reveals the fault period from under the load and
the superimposed phase B current (red). The superimposed current shows two fault current blips as the data slides through
the two-cycle memory window. During the actual fault, the neutral current and the superimposed phase B currents closely
correspond, confirming the incipient fault hypothesis and identifying the affected phase.
Figure 5-156: Illustration of the incipient fault detector algorithm
The following settings are available for each incipient cable fault detector.
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables operation of the incipient fault detection element.
INCIPNT FLT 1 BLOCK — Blocks operation of the incipient cable fault detector element. Assertion of the FlexLogic operand
assigned to this setting blocks operation.
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 SOURCE — Selects a current source for the incipient cable fault detector element. This source must be
assigned a valid CT bank.
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 PICKUP — Specifies the pickup level of the overcurrent detector in per-unit values of the CT nominal
current.

INCIPNT FLT 1 MODE — There are two modes of operation available for the incipient cable fault detector element. In the
“Number of counts” mode, a trip is initiated only after the selected number of faults is detected. In the “Counts per window”
mode, a trip is initiated only after the selected number of faults is detected within the time specified by the INCIPNT FLT 1
DETECT WINDOW setting.
INCIPIENT FLT 1 TRIP COUNTS NUMBER — Selects the number of faults required to initiate a trip.
INCIPNT FLT 1 DETECT WINDOW — Specifies a time window for “Counts per window” mode of operation.
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 RESET DELAY — Specifies a reset time for the output after the trip is initiated.
Figure 5-157: Incipient cable fault detector logic
5.8.11.5 VT fuse failure

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS  VT FUSE FAILURE 1(2)
 VT FUSE FAILURE 1 VT FUSE FAILURE 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
VT FUSE FAILURE 1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 ALARM DELAY: 1.000 s
NEUTRAL WIRE OPEN 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

 DETECTION: Disabled
NEUTRAL WIRE OPEN 1 Range: 0.004 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 3 HARM PKP: 0.100 pu
Every signal source includes a fuse failure scheme.

The VT fuse failure detector is used to raise an alarm and/or block elements that operate incorrectly for a full or partial loss
of AC potential caused by one or more blown fuses. Some elements that can be blocked (via the BLOCK input) are distance,
voltage restrained overcurrent, and directional current.
There are two classes of fuse failure that occur:
• Class A — Loss of one or two phases
• Class B — Loss of all three phases
Different means of detection are required for each class. An indication of class A failures is a significant level of negative-
sequence voltage, whereas an indication of class B failures is when positive sequence current is present and there is an
insignificant amount of positive sequence voltage. Also, a rapid decrease in the phase voltages magnitude from a healthy

voltage level without disturbance in current can indicate VT fuse fail conditions. These noted indications of fuse failure can
also be present when faults are present on the system, so a means of detecting faults and inhibiting fuse failure
declarations during these events is provided.
Once the fuse failure condition is declared, it is sealed-in until the cause that generated it disappears.
An additional condition is introduced to inhibit a fuse failure declaration when the monitored circuit is de-energized;
positive-sequence voltage and current are both below threshold levels.
VT FUSE FAILURE 1 FUNCTION — Enables and disables the fuse failure feature for Source 1 VT Fuse Fail.
NEUTRAL WIRE OPEN 1 DETECTION — Enables and disables the VT neutral wire open detection function. When the VT is
connected in Delta, do not enable this function because there is no neutral wire for Delta connected VT.
NEUTRAL WIRE OPEN 1 3 HRAM PKP — Specifies the pickup level of 3rd harmonic of 3V0 signal for the NEUTRAL WIRE OPEN
DETECTION logic to pick up.
Base voltage for this element is PHASE VT SECONDARY setting in the case of WYE VTs and (PHASE VT SECONDARY)/ in case
of DELTA VTs. The setting is found under SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  AC INPUTS  VOLTAGE BANK  PHASE VT SECONDARY.
Figure 5-158: VT fuse fail logic

5.8.11.6 Thermal overload protection (ANSI 49)

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS  THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION 
THERMAL PROTECTION 1(2)
 THERMAL THERMAL PROTECTION 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
 PROTECTION 1  FUNCTION: Disabled
THERMAL PROTECTION 1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC1
THERMAL PROTECTION 1 Range: 0.20 to 3.00 pu in steps of 0.01

 BASE CURR: 0.80 pu
THERMAL PROTECTION 1 Range: 1.00 to 1.20 in steps of 0.05

 k FACTOR: 1.10
THERM PROT 1 TRIP Range: 0 to 1000 min. in steps of 1

 TIME CONST: 45 min
THERM PROT 1 RESET Range: 0 to 1000 min. in steps of 1

 TIME CONST: 45 min
THERM PROT 1 MINIM Range: 0 to 1000 min. in steps of 1

 RESET TIME: 20 min
THERM PROT 1 RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
THERM PROT 1 BLOCK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
5  THERMAL PROTECTION 1
TARGET: Self-reset
Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
THERMAL PROTECTION 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The thermal overload protection element corresponds to the IEC 255-8 standard and is used to detect thermal overload
conditions in protected power system elements. Choosing an appropriate time constant element can be used to protect
different elements of the power system. The cold curve characteristic is applied when the previous averaged load current
over the last 5 cycles is less than 10% of the base current. If this current is greater or equal than 10% than the base
current, then the hot curve characteristic is applied.
The IEC255-8 cold curve is defined as follows:
Eq. 5-25
The IEC255-8 hot curve is defined as follows:
Eq. 5-26
where
top = time to operate
τop = thermal protection trip time constant
I = measured overload RMS current
Ip = measured load RMS current before overload occurs
k = IEC 255-8 k-factor applied to IB, defining maximum permissible current above nominal current
IB = protected element base (nominal) current
To ensure element accuracy for high overcurrent conditions, the maximum value of I/(k x IB) is limited to 8, even when
realistically it is exceeding this value.

The reset time of the thermal overload protection element is also time delayed using following formula:
Eq. 5-27
where
τrst = thermal protection trip time constant
Tmin = a minimum reset time setting
Figure 5-159: IEC 255-8 sample operate and reset curves
The thermal overload protection element estimates accumulated thermal energy E using the following equations
calculated each power cycle. When current is greater than the pickup level, In > k × IB, element starts increasing the
thermal energy:
Eq. 5-28

When current is less than the dropout level, In > 0.97 × k × IB, the element starts decreasing the thermal energy:
Eq. 5-29
where
∆t is the power cycle duration
n is the power cycle index
top(In) is the trip time calculated at index n as per the IEC255-8 cold curve or hot curve equations
trst(In) is the reset time calculated at index n as per the reset time equation
In is the measured overload RMS current at index n
En is the accumulated energy at index n
En – 1 is the accumulated energy at index n – 1
The thermal overload protection element removes the THERMAL PROT 1 OP output operand when E < 0.05. In case of
emergency, the thermal memory and THERMAL PROT 1 OP output operand can be reset using THERM PROT 1 RESET setting.
All calculations are performed per phase. If the accumulated energy reaches value 1 in any phase, the thermal overload
protection element operates and only resets when energy is less than 0.05 in all three phases.
Table 5-36: Typical time constants
Protected equipment Time constant Minimum reset time
Capacitor bank 10 minutes 30 minutes
Overhead line 10 minutes 20 minutes
Air-core reactor 40 minutes 30 minutes
Busbar 60 minutes 20 minutes
5 Underground cable 20 to 60 minutes 60 minutes
The figure shows the logic for the thermal overload protection element.
Figure 5-160: Thermal overload protection logic

5.8.11.7 Broken conductor detection

SETTINGS  CONTROL ELEMENTS  MONITORING ELEMENTS  BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1(2)
 BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2

 SOURCE: SRC 1
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: 20.0% to 100.0% in steps of 0.1%

 I2/I1 RATIO: 20%
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: 0.05 to 1.00 pu in steps of 0.01

 I1 MIN: 0.10 pu
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: 0.05 to 5.00 pu in steps of 0.01

 I1 MAX: 1.50 pu
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

 PKP DELAY: 20.000 s
BROKEN CONDCT 1 BLK: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled

BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The broken conductor function detects a transmission line broken conductor condition or a single-pole breaker
malfunction condition by checking the phase current input signals and the I_2 / I_1 ratio. The intent is to detect a single-
phase broken conductor only. As such, two-phase or three-phase broken conductors cannot be detected.
5
To distinguish between single-phase disappearance and system disturbance in all three phases (such as load change and
switching), the broken conductor element monitors the change in all three phase currents at the present instance and at
four cycles previous. It also monitors changes in the I_2 / I_1 ratio, I_1 minimum, and I_1 maximum.
Do not use the broken conductor function to respond to fault transients and single-pole tripping/reclosing conditions.
Therefore, program the time delay to a sufficient length to ensure coordination with the breaker dead time of the recloser
function.
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 FUNCTION — This setting enables and disables the broken conductor function.
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 SOURCE — Selects a signal source used to provide three-phase current inputs to this function.
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 I2/I1 RATIO — This setting specifies the ratio of negative-sequence current to positive-sequence
current. When one phase conductor is broken, the I_2 / I_1 ratio with a balanced remaining two phases is 50%. So
normally you this setting below 50% (for example, to 30%).
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 I1 MIN — This setting specifies the minimum positive-sequence current supervision level. Ensure this
setting is programmed to a sufficient level to prevent I_2 / I_1 from erratic pickup due to a low I_1 signal. However, do not
set this setting too high, since the broken conductor condition cannot be detected under light load conditions when I_1 is
less than the value specified by this setting.
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 I1 MAX — This setting specifies the maximum I_1 level allowed for the broken conductor function to
operate. When I_1 exceeds this setting, this it is considered a fault. In order for this function to not respond to any fault
conditions, set this setting to less than the maximum load current.
BROKEN CONDUCTOR 1 PKP DELAY — This setting specifies the pickup time delay for this function to operate after assertion
of the broken conductor pickup FlexLogic operand.

Figure 5-161: Broken conductor detection logic

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS
5.9 Inputs/outputs
5.9.1 Contact inputs
SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  CONTACT INPUTS
 CONTACT INPUTS

 CONTACT INPUT H5a

 
CONTACT INPUT H5a ID: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric

 Cont Ip 1 characters
CONTACT INPUT H5a Range: 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5

 DEBNCE TIME: 6.0 ms
CONTACT INPUT H5a Range: Disabled, Enabled

↓
 CONTACT INPUT xxx
 
 CONTACT INPUT
  THRESHOLDS
Ips H5a,H5c,H6a,H6c Range: 17, 33, 84, 166 Vdc

 THRESHOLD: 33 Vdc
Ips H7a,H7c,H8a,H8c Range: 17, 33, 84, 166 Vdc

5
 THRESHOLD: 33 Vdc
↓
Ips xxx,xxx,xxx,xxx Range: 17, 33, 84, 166 Vdc
 THRESHOLD: 33 Vdc
A contact inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with connections to hard-wired contacts. Wet and dry contacts
are supported.
The contact inputs menu contains configuration settings for each contact input as well as voltage thresholds for each
group of four contact inputs. Upon startup, the relay processor determines (from an assessment of the installed modules)
which contact inputs are available and then display settings for only those inputs.
An alphanumeric ID can be assigned to a contact input for diagnostic, setting, and event recording purposes. The CONTACT IP
X On (Logic 1) FlexLogic operand corresponds to contact input “X” being closed, while CONTACT IP X Off corresponds to contact
input “X” being open. The CONTACT INPUT DEBNCE TIME defines the time required for the contact to overcome ‘contact
bouncing’ conditions. As this time differs for different contact types and manufacturers, set it as a maximum contact
debounce time (per manufacturer specifications) plus some margin to ensure proper operation. If CONTACT INPUT EVENTS is
set to “Enabled,” every change in the contact input state triggers an event.
A raw status is scanned for all Contact Inputs synchronously at the constant rate of 0.5 ms as shown in the following
figure. The DC input voltage is compared to a user-settable threshold. A new contact input state must be maintained for a
user-settable debounce time in order for the D30 to validate the new contact state. In the following figure, the debounce
time is set at 2.5 ms; thus the 6th sample in a row validates the change of state (mark no. 1 in the diagram). Once validated
(de-bounced), the contact input asserts a corresponding FlexLogic operand and logs an event as per user setting.
A time stamp of the first sample in the sequence that validates the new state is used when logging the change of the
contact input into the Event Recorder (mark no. 2 in the figure).

INPUTS/OUTPUTS CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
Protection and control elements, as well as FlexLogic equations and timers, are executed eight times in a power system
cycle. The protection pass duration is controlled by the frequency tracking mechanism. The FlexLogic operand reflecting
the debounced state of the contact is updated at the protection pass following the validation (marks no. 3 and 4 on the
figure that follows). The update is performed at the beginning of the protection pass so all protection and control functions,
as well as FlexLogic equations, are fed with the updated states of the contact inputs.
The FlexLogic operand response time to the contact input change is equal to the debounce time setting plus up to one
protection pass (variable and depending on system frequency if frequency tracking enabled). If the change of state occurs
just after a protection pass, the recognition is delayed until the subsequent protection pass; that is, by the entire duration
of the protection pass. If the change occurs just prior to a protection pass, the state is recognized immediately. Statistically
a delay of half the protection pass is expected. Owing to the 0.5 ms scan rate, the time resolution for the input contact is
below 1 ms.
For example, eight protection passes per cycle on a 60 Hz system correspond to a protection pass every 2.1 ms. With a
contact debounce time setting of 3.0 ms, the FlexLogic operand-assert time limits are: 3.0 + 0.0 = 3.0 ms and 3.0 + 2.1 = 5.1
ms. These time limits depend on how soon the protection pass runs after the debouncing time.
Regardless of the contact debounce time setting, the contact input event is time-stamped with a 1 μs accuracy using the
time of the first scan corresponding to the new state (mark no. 2 shown). Therefore, the time stamp reflects a change in the
DC voltage across the contact input terminals that was not accidental as it was subsequently validated using the
debounce timer. Keep in mind that the associated FlexLogic operand is asserted/de-asserted later, after validating the
change.
The debounce algorithm is symmetrical: the same procedure and debounce time are used to filter the LOW-HIGH (marks
no.1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure) and HIGH-LOW (marks no. 5, 6, 7, and 8) transitions.
Figure 5-162: Input contact debouncing mechanism and time stamp sample timing
Contact inputs are isolated in groups of four to allow connection of wet contacts from different voltage sources for each
group. The CONTACT INPUT THRESHOLDS determine the minimum voltage required to detect a closed contact input. This
value is selected according to the following criteria: 17 for 24 V sources, 33 for 48 V sources, 84 for 110 to 125 V sources
and 166 for 250 V sources.
For example, to use contact input H5a as a status input from the breaker 52b contact to seal-in the trip relay and record it
in the Event Records menu, make the following settings changes:

CONTACT INPUT H5a ID: "Breaker Closed (52b)"

CONTACT INPUT H5a EVENTS: "Enabled"
Note that the 52b contact is closed when the breaker is open and open when the breaker is closed.
5.9.2 Virtual inputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  VIRTUAL INPUTS  VIRTUAL INPUT 1(64)
 VIRTUAL INPUT 1 VIRTUAL INPUT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ID: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 Virt Ip 1
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 Range: Self-Reset, Latched

 TYPE: Latched
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

The virtual inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with UR-series internal logic signals. Virtual inputs include
signals generated by the local user interface. The virtual outputs are outputs of FlexLogic equations used to customize the
device. Virtual outputs can also serve as virtual inputs to FlexLogic equations.
There are 64 virtual inputs that can be individually programmed to respond to input signals from the keypad (via the
COMMANDS menu) and communications protocols. All virtual input operands are defaulted to “Off” (logic 0) unless the
appropriate input signal is received.
If the VIRTUAL INPUT x FUNCTION is to “Disabled,” the input is forced to off (logic 0) regardless of any attempt to alter the
input. If set to “Enabled,” the input operates as shown on the logic diagram and generates output FlexLogic operands in
response to received input signals and the applied settings.
5
There are two types of operation: self-reset and latched. If VIRTUAL INPUT x type is “Self-Reset,” when the input signal
transits from off to on, the output operand is set to on for only one evaluation of the FlexLogic equations and then return to
off. If set to “Latched,” the virtual input sets the state of the output operand to the same state as the most recent received
input.
The self-reset operating mode generates the output operand for a single evaluation of the FlexLogic equations. If the
operand is to be used anywhere other than internally in a FlexLogic equation, it likely needs to be lengthened in time. A
FlexLogic timer with a delayed reset can perform this function.
Figure 5-163: Virtual inputs logic

5.9.3 Contact outputs
5.9.3.1 Digital outputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUT H1
 CONTACT OUTPUT H1 CONTACT OUTPUT H1 ID Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
  Cont Op 1
OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
OUTPUT H1 SEAL-IN: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 Range: Disabled, Enabled

 EVENTS: Enabled
A contact inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with connections to hard-wired contacts. Wet and dry contacts
are supported.
Upon startup of the relay, the main processor determines from an assessment of the modules installed in the chassis
which contact outputs are available and then presents the settings for only these outputs. Where the contact input is non-
latching, the settings are as shown.
An ID can be assigned to each contact output. The signal that can OPERATE a contact output can be any FlexLogic
operand (virtual output, element state, contact input, or virtual input). An additional FlexLogic operand can be used to
SEAL-IN the relay. Any change of state of a contact output can be logged as an Event if programmed to do so.
For example, the trip circuit current is monitored by providing a current threshold detector in series with some Form-A
5 contacts (see the trip circuit example in the Digital Elements section). The monitor sets a flag (see the specifications for
Form-A). The name of the FlexLogic operand set by the monitor, consists of the output relay designation, followed by the
name of the flag; for example, Cont OP 1 IOn.
In most breaker control circuits, the trip coil is connected in series with a breaker auxiliary contact used to interrupt current
flow after the breaker has tripped, to prevent damage to the less robust initiating contact. This can be done by monitoring
an auxiliary contact on the breaker which opens when the breaker has tripped, but this scheme is subject to incorrect
operation caused by differences in timing between breaker auxiliary contact change-of-state and interruption of current in
the trip circuit. The most dependable protection of the initiating contact is provided by directly measuring current in the
tripping circuit, and using this parameter to control resetting of the initiating relay. This scheme is often called trip seal-in.
This can be realized using the Cont OP 1 IOn FlexLogic operand to seal-in the contact output as follows:
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 ID: “Cont Op 1"
OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: any suitable FlexLogic operand
OUTPUT H1 SEAL-IN: “Cont Op 1 IOn”
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 EVENTS: “Enabled”
Figure 5-164: Contact input/output module type 6A contact 1 logic

5.9.3.2 Latching outputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUT H1a
 CONTACT OUTPUT H1a OUTPUT H1a ID Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
  L-Cont Op 1
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
OUTPUT H1a RESET: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
OUTPUT H1a TYPE: Range: Operate-dominant, Reset-dominant

 Operate-dominant
OUTPUT H1a EVENTS: Range: Disabled, Enabled

 Disabled
The latching output contacts are mechanically bi-stable and controlled by two separate (open and close) coils. As such
they retain their position even if the relay is not powered up. The relay recognizes all latching output contact cards and
populates the setting menu accordingly. On power up, the relay reads positions of the latching contacts from the hardware
before executing any other functions of the relay (such as protection and control features or FlexLogic).
The latching output modules, either as a part of the relay or as individual modules, are shipped from the factory with all
latching contacts opened. It is highly recommended to double-check the programming and positions of the latching
contacts when replacing a module.
Since the relay asserts the output contact and reads back its position, it is possible to incorporate self-monitoring
capabilities for the latching outputs. If any latching outputs exhibits a discrepancy, the LATCHING OUTPUT ERROR self-test
error is declared. The error is signaled by the LATCHING OUT ERROR FlexLogic operand, event, and target message.
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE — This setting specifies a FlexLogic operand to operate the ‘close coil’ of the contact. The relay seals- 5
in this input to safely close the contact. Once the contact is closed and the RESET input is logic 0 (off), any activity of the
OPERATE input, such as subsequent chattering, does not have any effect. With both the OPERATE and RESET inputs active
(logic 1), the response of the latching contact is specified by the OUTPUT H1a TYPE setting.
OUTPUT H1a RESET — This setting specifies a FlexLogic operand to operate the ‘trip coil’ of the contact. The relay seals-in
this input to safely open the contact. Once the contact is opened and the OPERATE input is logic 0 (off), any activity of the
RESET input, such as subsequent chattering, does not have any effect. With both the OPERATE and RESET inputs active (logic
1), the response of the latching contact is specified by the OUTPUT H1a TYPE setting.
OUTPUT H1a TYPE — This setting specifies the contact response under conflicting control inputs; that is, when both the
OPERATE and RESET signals are applied. With both control inputs applied simultaneously, the contact closes if set to
“Operate-dominant” and opens if set to “Reset-dominant.”
Figure 5-165: Contact input/output module type 4L contact 1 logic
A latching output contact H1a is to be controlled from two user-programmable pushbuttons (buttons number 1 and 2). The
following settings are applied.

Program the Latching Outputs by making the following changes in the SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  CONTACT
OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUT H1a menu (assuming an H4L module):
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: “PUSHBUTTON 1 ON”
OUTPUT H1a RESET: “PUSHBUTTON 2 ON”
Program the pushbuttons by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP  USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS
 USER PUSHBUTTON 1 and USER PUSHBUTTON 2 menus:
A relay, having two latching contacts H1a and H1c, is to be programmed. The H1a contact is to be a Type-a contact, while
the H1c contact is to be a Type-b contact (Type-a means closed after exercising the operate input; Type-b means closed
after exercising the reset input). The relay is to be controlled from virtual outputs: VO1 to operate and VO2 to reset.
OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUT H1a and CONTACT OUTPUT H1c menus (assuming an H4L module):
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: “VO1”
OUTPUT H1a RESET: “VO2”
OUTPUT H1c OPERATE: “VO2”
OUTPUT H1c RESET: “VO1”
Since the two physical contacts in this example are mechanically separated and have individual control inputs, they do not
operate at exactly the same time. A discrepancy in the range of a fraction of a maximum operating time can occur.
5 Therefore, a pair of contacts programmed to be a multi-contact relay do not guarantee any specific sequence of operation
(such as make before break). If required, the sequence of operation must be programmed explicitly by delaying some of the
control inputs as shown in the next application example.
A make before break functionality must be added to the preceding example. An overlap of 20 ms is required to implement
this functionality.
Write the following FlexLogic equation (EnerVista example shown).
Set both timers (Timer 1 and Timer 2) to 20 ms pickup and 0 ms dropout.

OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUT H1a and CONTACT OUTPUT H1c menus (assuming an H4L module):
OUTPUT H1c OPERATE: “VO2”
OUTPUT H1c RESET: “VO3”

A latching contact H1a is to be controlled from a single virtual output VO1. The contact is to remain closed as long as VO1
is high, and is to remain opened when VO1 is low. Program the relay as follows.
Write the following FlexLogic equation (EnerVista example shown).
OUTPUTS  CONTACT OUTPUT H1a menu (assuming an H4L module):
5.9.4 Virtual outputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  VIRTUAL OUTPUTS  VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1(96)
 VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1
  VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 ID
Virt Op 1
Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters
5
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
The virtual inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with UR-series internal logic signals. Virtual inputs include
signals generated by the local user interface. The virtual outputs are outputs of FlexLogic equations used to customize the
device. Virtual outputs can also serve as virtual inputs to FlexLogic equations.
There are 96 virtual outputs that can be assigned using FlexLogic. If not assigned, the output is forced to ‘OFF’ (Logic 0). An
ID also can be assigned to each virtual output. Virtual outputs are resolved in each pass through the evaluation of the
FlexLogic equations. Any change of state of a virtual output can be logged as an event if programmed to do so.
For example, if Virtual Output 1 is the trip signal from FlexLogic and the trip relay is used to signal events, the settings is
programmed as follows:
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 ID: "Trip"
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 EVENTS: "Disabled"
5.9.5 Resetting
SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  RESETTING
 RESETTING RESET OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic operand
  Off
Some events can be programmed to latch the faceplate LED event indicators, target messages, and/or graphical panel
annunciator windows. Once set, the latching mechanism holds all of the latched indicators or messages in the set state
after the initiating condition has cleared until a RESET command is received to return these latches (not including FlexLogic
latches) to the reset state where the initiating condition has cleared. The RESET command can be sent from the faceplate
RESET button, a remote device via a communications channel, or any selected operand.

The three sources of RESET commands each activates the RESET OP FlexLogic operand. Each individual source of a RESET
command also creates its individual operand RESET OP (PUSHBUTTON), RESET OP (COMMS), or RESET OP (OPERAND) to identify the source of
the command. Each of these three operands generates an event in the event record when activated. The RESET OPERAND
setting here selects the operand that activates the RESET OP (OPERAND) operand.
5.9.6 Direct inputs and outputs
5.9.6.1 Direct inputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  DIRECT INPUTS  DIRECT INPUT 1(32)
 DIRECT INPUT 1 DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: up to 12 alphanumeric characters
  NAME: Dir Ip 1
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: 0 to 16

 DEVICE ID: 0
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: 0 to 32

 BIT NUMBER: 0
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: On, Off, Latest/On, Latest/Off

 DEFAULT: Off
DIRECT INPUT 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled

These settings specify how the direct input information is processed.

DIRECT INPUT 1 NAME — This setting allows the user to assign a descriptive name to the direct input.
5 DIRECT INPUT 1 DEVICE ID — Represents the source of direct input 1. The specified direct input is driven by the device
identified here.
DIRECT INPUT 1 BIT NUMBER — The bit number to extract the state for direct input 1. Direct Input 1 is driven by the bit
identified as DIRECT INPUT 1 BIT NUMBER . This corresponds to the direct output number of the sending device.
DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT — Represents the state of the direct input when the associated direct device is offline. The
following choices are available:
• On — Defaults the input to Logic 1
• Off — Defaults the input to Logic 0
• Latest/On — Freezes the input in case of lost communications. When the latest state is not known, such as after relay
power-up but before the first communication exchange, the input defaults to Logic 1. When communication resumes,
the input becomes fully operational.
• Latest/Off — Freezes the input in case of lost communications. When the latest state is not known, such as after relay
power-up but before the first communication exchange, the input defaults to Logic 0. When communication resumes,
the input becomes fully operational.
5.9.6.2 Direct outputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  DIRECT OUTPUTS  DIRECT OUTPUT 1(32)
 DIRECT OUTPUT 1 DIRECT OUT 1 NAME: Range: up to 12 alphanumeric characters
  Dir Out 1
DIRECT OUT 1 OPERAND: Range: FlexLogic operand

 Off
DIRECT OUTPUT 1 Range: Enabled, Disabled

DIRECT OUT 1 NAME — This setting allows the user to assign a descriptive name to the direct output.
DIR OUT 1 OPERAND — This sets the FlexLogic operand that determines the state of this direct output.

5.9.6.3 Application examples

The examples introduced in the earlier Direct Inputs and Outputs section (part of the Product Setup section) are continued
here to illustrate usage of the direct inputs and outputs.
Example 1: Extending input/output capabilities of a UR relay

Consider an application that requires additional quantities of contact inputs or output contacts or lines of programmable
logic that exceed the capabilities of a single UR-series chassis. The problem is solved by adding an extra UR-series IED,
such as the C30, to satisfy the additional inputs/outputs and programmable logic requirements. The figure shows that two
IEDs are connected via single-channel digital communication cards.
Figure 5-166: Input and output extension via direct inputs and outputs
Assume that contact input 1 from UR IED 2 is to be used by UR IED 1. The following settings are applied (Direct Input 5 and
bit number 12 are used, as an example).
UR IED 1:
DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID = “2” 5
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER = “12”
UR IED 2:
DIRECT OUT 12 OPERAND = “Cont Ip 1 On”
The Cont Ip 1 On operand of UR IED 2 is now available in UR IED 1 as DIRECT INPUT 5 ON.
Example 2: Interlocking busbar protection

A simple interlocking busbar protection scheme can be accomplished by sending a blocking signal from downstream
devices, say 2, 3 and 4, to the upstream device that monitors a single incomer of the busbar, as shown in the figure.
Figure 5-167: Sample interlocking busbar protection scheme
Assume that Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 is used by Devices 2, 3, and 4 to block Device 1. If not blocked, Device 1
trips the bus upon detecting a fault and applying a short coordination time delay.
The following settings are applied (assume Bit 3 is used by all 3 devices to send the blocking signal and Direct Inputs 7, 8,
and 9 are used by the receiving device to monitor the three blocking signals).
UR IED 2:

DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP"

UR IED 3:
UR IED 4:
UR IED 1:
DIRECT INPUT 7 DEVICE ID: "2"
DIRECT INPUT 7 BIT NUMBER: "3"
DIRECT INPUT 7 DEFAULT STATE: select "On" for security, select "Off" for dependability


Now the three blocking signals are available in UR IED 1 as DIRECT INPUT 7 ON, DIRECT INPUT 8 ON, and DIRECT INPUT 9 ON. Upon losing
communications or a device, the scheme is inclined to block (if any default state is set to “On”), or to trip the bus on any
overcurrent condition (all default states set to “Off”).
Example 3: Pilot-aided schemes

Consider a three-terminal line protection application shown in the following figure.
5 Figure 5-168: Three-terminal line application
Assume the Hybrid Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (Hybrid POTT) scheme is applied using the architecture shown as
follows. The scheme output operand HYB POTT TX1 is used to key the permission.
Figure 5-169: Single-channel open-loop configuration

In this architecture, Devices 1 and 3 do not communicate directly. Therefore, Device 2 must act as a ‘bridge’. The following
settings are applied:
UR IEC 1:
DIRECT OUT 2 OPERAND: "HYB POTT TX1"
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" (this is a message from IED 2)
DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "4" (effectively, this is a message from IED 3)
UR IED 3:
DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" (this is a message from IED 2)
DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "3" (effectively, this is a message from IED 1)
UR IED 2:
DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "DIRECT INPUT 5" (forward a message from 1 to 3)
DIRECT OUT 4 OPERAND: "DIRECT INPUT 6" (forward a message from 3 to 1)
The figure shows the signal flow among the three IEDs.
Figure 5-170: Signal flow for direct input and output 5
In three-terminal applications, both the remote terminals must grant permission to trip. Therefore, at each terminal, direct
inputs 5 and 6 are ANDed in FlexLogic and the resulting operand configured as the permission to trip (HYB POTT RX1
setting).
5.9.7 Teleprotection
5.9.7.1 Overview
The relay provides 16 teleprotection inputs on communications channel 1 (numbered 1-1 through 1-16) and 16
teleprotection inputs on communications channel 2 (on two-terminals two-channel and three-terminal systems only,
numbered 2-1 through 2-16). The remote relay connected to channels 1 and 2 of the local relay is programmed by
assigning FlexLogic operands to be sent via the selected communications channel. This allows the user to create

distributed protection and control schemes via dedicated communications channels. Some examples are directional
comparison pilot schemes and direct transfer tripping. Note that failures of communications channels affect
teleprotection functionality. The teleprotection function must be enabled to utilize the inputs.
5.9.7.2 Teleprotection inputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  TELEPROTECTION  TELEPROT INPUTS
 TELEPROT INPUTS TELEPROT INPUT 1-1 Range: Off, On, Latest/Off, Latest/On
  DEFAULT: Off

TELEPROT INPUT 1-16 Range: Off, On, Latest/Off, Latest/On
 DEFAULT: Off

 DEFAULT: Off

 DEFAULT: Off
Setting the TELEPROT INPUT ~~ DEFAULT setting to “On” defaults the input to logic 1 when the channel fails. A value of “Off”
defaults the input to logic 0 when the channel fails.
The “Latest/On” and “Latest/Off” values freeze the input in case of lost communications. If the latest state is not known,
such as after relay power-up but before the first communication exchange, then the input defaults to logic 1 for “Latest/
On” and logic 0 for “Latest/Off.”
5 5.9.7.3 Teleprotection outputs

SETTINGS  INPUTS/OUTPUTS  TELEPROTECTION  TELEPROT OUTPUTS
 TELEPROT OUTPUTS TELEPROT OUTPUT 1-1: Range: FlexLogic operand
  Off

TELEPROT OUTPUT 1-16: Range: FlexLogic operand
 Off

 Off

 Off
As the following figure demonstrates, processing of the teleprotection inputs/outputs is dependent on the number of
communication channels and terminals. On two-terminal two-channel systems, they are processed continuously on each
channel and mapped separately per channel. Therefore, to achieve redundancy, the user must assign the same operand
on both channels (teleprotection outputs at the sending end or corresponding teleprotection inputs at the receiving end).
On three-terminal two-channel systems, redundancy is achieved by programming signal re-transmittal in the case of
channel failure between any pair of relays.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS
Figure 5-171: Teleprotection input/output processing
5
5.10 Transducer inputs/outputs
5.10.1 DCmA inputs
SETTINGS  TRANSDUCER I/O  DCMA INPUTS  DCMA INPUT H1(W8)
 DCMA INPUT H1 DCMA INPUT H1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
DCMA INPUT H1 ID: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 DCMA Ip 1
DCMA INPUT H1 Range: six alphanumeric characters

 UNITS: μA
DCMA INPUT H1 Range: 0 to –1 mA, 0 to +1 mA, –1 to +1 mA, 0 to 5

 RANGE: 0 to -1 mA mA, 0 to 10mA, 0 to 20 mA, 4 to 20 m
DCMA INPUT H1 MIN Range: –9999.999 to +9999.999 in steps of 0.001

 VALUE: 0.000
DCMA INPUT H1 MAX Range: –9999.999 to +9999.999 in steps of 0.001

 VALUE: 0.000
The D30 is provided with optional DCmA capability. This feature is specified as an option at the time of
Hardware and software are provided to receive signals from external transducers and to convert these signals into a
digital format for use as required. The relay accepts inputs in the range of –1 to +20 mA DC, suitable for use with most
common transducer output ranges; all inputs are assumed to be linear over the complete range. Hardware details are
contained in chapter 3.

TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
Before the DCmA input signal can be used, the value of the signal measured by the relay must be converted to the range
and quantity of the external transducer primary input parameter, such as DC voltage or temperature. The relay simplifies
this process by internally scaling the output from the external transducer and displaying the actual primary parameter.
DCmA input channels are arranged in a manner similar to CT and VT channels. Configure the individual channels with the
settings shown here.
The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered from 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up,
the relay automatically generates configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same general
manner that is used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8
inclusive, which is used as the channel number. The relay generates an actual value for each available input channel.
Settings are generated automatically for every channel available in the specific relay as shown above for the first channel
of a type 5F transducer module installed in slot H.
The function of the channel can be “Enabled” or “Disabled.” If “Disabled,” no actual values are created for the channel. An
alphanumeric “ID” is assigned to each channel; this ID is included in the channel actual value, along with the programmed
units associated with the parameter measured by the transducer, such as volts, °C, megawatts, and so on. This ID is also
used to reference the channel as the input parameter to features designed to measure this type of parameter. The DCMA
INPUT H1 RANGE setting specifies the mA DC range of the transducer connected to the input channel.
The DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE and DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE settings are used to program the span of the transducer in
primary units. For example, a temperature transducer might have a span from 0 to 250 °C; in this case the DCMA INPUT H1
MIN VALUE value is “0” and the DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE value is “250.” Another example is a watts transducer with a span
from –20 to +180 MW; in this case the DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE value is “–20” and the DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE value is
“180.” Intermediate values between the minimum and maximum values are scaled linearly.
5.10.2 RTD inputs

5 SETTINGS  TRANSDUCER I/O  RTD INPUTS  RTD INPUT H1(W8)
 RTD INPUT H1 RTD INPUT H1 Range: Disabled, Enabled
RTD INPUT H1 ID: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 RTD Ip 1
RTD INPUT H1 TYPE: Range: 100Ω Nickel, 10Ω Copper, 100Ω Platinum,
 100Ω Nickel 120Ω Nickel
Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from external resistance temperature detectors and convert these
signals into a digital format for use as required. These channels are intended to be connected to any of the RTD types in
common use. Specific hardware details are contained in chapter 3.
RTD input channels are arranged in a manner similar to CT and VT channels. The user configures individual channels with
the settings shown here.
The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered from 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up,
the relay automatically generates configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same general
manner that is used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8
inclusive, which is used as the channel number. The relay generates an actual value for each available input channel.
Settings are automatically generated for every channel available in the specific relay as shown above for the first channel
of a type 5C transducer module installed in the first available slot.
The function of the channel can be either “Enabled” or “Disabled.” If “Disabled,” there is not an actual value created for the
channel. An alphanumeric ID is assigned to the channel; this ID is included in the channel actual values. It is also used to
reference the channel as the input parameter to features designed to measure this type of parameter. Selecting the type of
RTD connected to the channel configures the channel.
Actions based on RTD overtemperature, such as trips or alarms, are done in conjunction with the FlexElements feature. In
FlexElements, the operate level is scaled to a base of 100°C. For example, a trip level of 150°C is achieved by setting the
operate level at 1.5 pu. FlexElement operands are available to FlexLogic for further interlocking or to operate an output
contact directly.

See the following table for reference temperature values for each RTD type.
Table 5-37: RTD temperature vs. resistance
Temperature Resistance (in ohms)
°C °F 100 Ω Pt 120 Ω Ni 100 Ω Ni 10 Ω Cu
(DIN 43760)
–50 –58 80.31 86.17 71.81 7.10
–40 –40 84.27 92.76 77.30 7.49
–30 –22 88.22 99.41 82.84 7.88
–20 –4 92.16 106.15 88.45 8.26
–10 14 96.09 113.00 94.17 8.65
0 32 100.00 120.00 100.00 9.04
10 50 103.90 127.17 105.97 9.42
20 68 107.79 134.52 112.10 9.81
30 86 111.67 142.06 118.38 10.19
40 104 115.54 149.79 124.82 10.58
50 122 119.39 157.74 131.45 10.97
60 140 123.24 165.90 138.25 11.35
70 158 127.07 174.25 145.20 11.74
80 176 130.89 182.84 152.37 12.12
90 194 134.70 191.64 159.70 12.51
100 212 138.50 200.64 167.20 12.90
110
120
230
248
142.29
146.06
209.85
219.29
174.87
182.75
13.28
13.67
5
130 266 149.82 228.96 190.80 14.06
140 284 153.58 238.85 199.04 14.44
150 302 157.32 248.95 207.45 14.83
160 320 161.04 259.30 216.08 15.22
170 338 164.76 269.91 224.92 15.61
180 356 168.47 280.77 233.97 16.00
190 374 172.46 291.96 243.30 16.39
200 392 175.84 303.46 252.88 16.78
210 410 179.51 315.31 262.76 17.17
220 428 183.17 327.54 272.94 17.56
230 446 186.82 340.14 283.45 17.95
240 464 190.45 353.14 294.28 18.34
250 482 194.08 366.53 305.44 18.73
5.10.3 DCmA outputs

SETTINGS  TRANSDUCER I/O  DCMA OUTPUTS  DCMA OUTPUT H1(W8)
 DCMA OUTPUT H1 DCMA OUTPUT H1 Range: Off, any analog actual value parameter
  SOURCE: Off
DCMA OUTPUT H1 Range: –1 to 1 mA, 0 to 1 mA, 4 to 20 mA

 RANGE: –1 to 1 mA
DCMA OUTPUT H1 Range: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 MIN VAL: 0.000 pu
DCMA OUTPUT H1 Range: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001

 MAX VAL: 1.000 pu

Hardware and software is provided to generate DCmA signals that allow interfacing with external equipment. Hardware
details are contained in chapter 3. The DCmA output channels are arranged in a manner similar to transducer input or CT
and VT channels. The user configures individual channels with the settings as follows.
The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up, the
relay automatically generates configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same manner used
for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclusive, which is used as
the channel number.
Both the output range and a signal driving a given output are user-programmable via the following settings menu (an
example for channel M5 is shown).
The relay checks the driving signal (x in equations below) for the minimum and maximum limits, and subsequently re-
scales so the limits defined as MIN VAL and MAX VAL match the output range of the hardware defined as RANGE. The
following equation is applied:
Eq. 5-30
where
x is a driving signal specified by the SOURCE setting
Imin and Imax are defined by the RANGE setting
k is a scaling constant calculated as:
Eq. 5-31
5 The feature is intentionally inhibited if the MAX VAL and MIN VAL settings are entered incorrectly, for example when MAX VAL
– MIN VAL < 0.1 pu. The resulting characteristic is illustrated in the following figure.
Figure 5-172: DCmA output characteristic
Settings
DCMA OUTPUT H1 SOURCE — This setting specifies an internal analog value to drive the analog output. Actual values
(FlexAnalog parameters) such as power, current amplitude, voltage amplitude, power factor, etc. can be configured as
sources driving DCmA outputs. See Appendix A for a list of FlexAnalog parameters.
DCMA OUTPUT H1 RANGE — This setting allows selection of the output range. Each DCmA channel can be set independently
to work with different ranges. The three most commonly used output ranges are available.

DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAL — This setting allows setting the minimum limit for the signal that drives the output. This setting
is used to control the mapping between an internal analog value and the output current. The setting is entered in per-unit
values. The base units are defined in the same manner as the FlexElement base units.
DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL — This setting allows setting the maximum limit for the signal that drives the output. This setting
is used to control the mapping between an internal analog value and the output current. The setting is entered in per-unit
values. The base units are defined in the same manner as the FlexElement base units.
The DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAL and DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL settings are ignored for power factor base units (i.e. if
the DCMA OUTPUT H1 SOURCE is set to FlexAnalog value based on power factor measurement).
Three application examples follow.
Example: Power monitoring

A three phase active power on a 13.8 kV system measured via UR-series relay source 1 is to be monitored by the DCmA H1
output of the range of –1 to 1 mA. The following settings are applied on the relay: CT ratio = 1200:5, VT secondary 115, VT
connection is delta, and VT ratio = 120. The nominal current is 800 A primary and the nominal power factor is 0.90. The
power is to be monitored in both importing and exporting directions and allow for 20% overload compared to the nominal.
The nominal three-phase power is:
Eq. 5-32
The three-phase power with 20% overload margin is:
Eq. 5-33
The base unit for power (refer to the FlexElements section in this chapter for additional details) is:
5
Eq. 5-34
The minimum and maximum power values to be monitored (in pu) are:
Eq. 5-35
The following settings are entered:

DCMA OUTPUT H1 SOURCE: “SRC 1 P”
DCMA OUTPUT H1 RANGE: “–1 to 1 mA”
DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAl: “–1.247 pu”
DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL: “1.247 pu”
With the above settings, the output will represent the power with the scale of 1 mA per 20.65 MW. The worst-case error for
this application can be calculated by superimposing the following two sources of error:
• ±0.5% of the full scale for the analog output module, or ±0.005 x (1-(-1)) x 20.65 MW = ±0.207 MW
• ±1% of reading error for the active power at power factor of 0.9
For example at the reading of 20 MW, the worst-case error is 0.01 × 20 MW + 0.207 MW = 0.407 MW.
Example: Current monitoring

The phase A current (true RMS value) is to be monitored via the H2 current output working with the range from 4 to 20 mA.
The CT ratio is 5000:5 and the maximum load current is 4200 A. The current is to be monitored from 0 A upwards, allowing
for 50% overload.
The phase current with the 50% overload margin is:
Eq. 5-36

The base unit for current (see the FlexElements section in this chapter for additional details) is:
Eq. 5-37
The minimum and maximum power values to be monitored (in pu) are:
Eq. 5-38

DCMA OUTPUT H2 SOURCE: “SRC 1 Ia RMS”
DCMA OUTPUT H2 RANGE: “4 to 20 mA”
DCMA OUTPUT H2 MIN VAL: “0.000 pu”
The worst-case error for this application can be calculated by superimposing the following two sources of error:
• ±0.5% of the full scale for the analog output module, or ±0.005 x (20 - 4) x 6.3 kA = ±0.504 kA
• ±0.25% of reading or ±0.1% of rated (whichever is greater) for currents between 0.1 and 2.0 of nominal
For example, at the reading of 4.2 kA, the worst-case error is max(0.0025 × 4.2 kA, 0.001 × 5 kA) + 0.504 kA = 0.515 kA.
Example: Voltage monitoring

A positive-sequence voltage on a 400 kV system measured via source 2 is to be monitored by the DCmA H3 output with a
range of 0 to 1 mA. The VT secondary setting is 66.4 V, the VT ratio setting is 6024, and the VT connection setting is “Delta.”
The voltage is to be monitored in the range from 70% to 110% of nominal.
The minimum and maximum positive-sequence voltages to be monitored are:
5
Eq. 5-39
The base unit for voltage (see the FlexElements section in this chapter for additional details) is:
Eq. 5-40
The minimum and maximum voltage values to be monitored (in pu) are:
Eq. 5-41

DCMA OUTPUT H3 SOURCE: “SRC 2 V_1 mag”
DCMA OUTPUT H3 RANGE: “0 to 1 mA”
DCMA OUTPUT H3 MIN VAL: “0.404 pu”
The limit settings differ from the expected 0.7 pu and 1.1 pu because the relay calculates the positive-sequence quantities
scaled to the phase-to-ground voltages, even if the VTs are connected in “Delta” (see the Metering Conventions section in
chapter 6), while at the same time the VT nominal voltage is 1 pu for the settings. Consequently the settings required in this
example differ from naturally expected by the factor of .
The worst-case error for this application could be calculated by superimposing the following two sources of error:
• ±0.5% of the full scale for the analog output module, or ± 0.005 x (1-0) x 254.03 kV = ±1.27 kV
• ±0.5% of reading
For example, under nominal conditions, the positive-sequence reads 230.94 kV and the worst-case error is
0.005 × 230.94 kV + 1.27 kV = 2.42 kV.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS TESTING
5.11 Testing
5.11.1 Test mode function
SETTINGS  TESTING  TEST MODE FUNCTION
 TESTING TEST MODE Range: Disabled, Isolated, Forcible
The D30 provides a test facility to verify the functionality of contact inputs and outputs, some communication functions
and the phasor measurement unit (where applicable), using simulated conditions.
The test mode can be in any of three states: Disabled, Isolated, or Forcible.
The Disabled mode is intended for normal in service operation; relay protection, control and communication function is
normal. Test features are disabled, except channel tests and phasor measurement unit tests remain usable when
provided.
The Isolated mode is intended to allow the relay to be quickly placed in a state where the relay cannot negatively impact
the power system or other parts of the substation automation system. This is to allow changing settings, loading new
firmware, changing hardware modules, and changing communication connections. As far as practical all relay output
signals are blocked. Contact outputs are de-energized, latching outputs are frozen. Commands to bricks are blocked.
GOOSE transmissions have their "simulation" flag (also known as "test" flag) set, which results in the messages not being
accepted by compliant receiving devices that do not have a "Sim" data attribute set. The quality attribute of values that
can be output via 61850 MMS services are set to "invalid," which results in the values not being used for operational
purposes by compliant receiving devices. Direct I/O channel tests and PMU tests are usable on applicable models.
The Forcible mode is intended for testing involving forcing relay operation by test signal injection and verifying correct
relay output. This mode is also for tests to verify the relay outputs (both contact and communications) have the intended
5
impact on specific power system devices or on specific other substation automation devices. Contact outputs can be
selectively enabled or forced as described in the following two sections. Shared outputs to bricks have their test mode flag
raised, which results in their value only being accepted by relays also in forcible mode. GOOSE transmissions have the
"simulation" flag set, which results in these only being accepted by other devices that have their "Sim" data attribute set.
The "Sim" data attribute in the relay is set, so that if GOOSE messages are received with the "simulation" flag set, these are
used in place of the normal messages. The quality attribute of values that are output via 61850 MMS services are set to
"valid" + "test," which signals that the values should not be used for operational purposes.
Otherwise, the UR remains fully operational while in the Forcible test mode, allowing for various testing procedures. In
particular, the protection and control elements, and FlexLogic function normally. Other than the IEC 61850 protocol,
communications based inputs and outputs remain fully operational. The test procedure must take this into account. Direct
I/O channel tests and PMU tests are usable on applicable models.
The test mode can be selected either through the front panel, through EnerVista UR Setup, or through IEC 61850 control to
LLN0.Mod. LLN0.Mod.ctlVal "on" selects Disabled, "test/blocked" selects Isolated, and "test" selects Forcible. The TEST MODE
FUNCTION setting can only be changed by a direct user command. Following a restart, power up, settings upload, or
firmware upgrade, the test mode remains at the last programmed value. This allows a UR that has been placed in isolated
mode to remain isolated during testing and maintenance activities.
5.11.2 Test mode forcing

SETTINGS  TESTING  TEST MODE FORCING
 TESTING TEST MODE FORCING: Range: FlexLogic operand
  On
When in Forcible mode, the operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING setting dictates further response of the D30 to
testing conditions, as described in the following two sections.
The test mode state is indicated on the relay faceplate by a combination of the Test Mode LED indicator, the In-Service LED
indicator, and by the critical fail relay, as shown in the following table.

TESTING CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
Table 5-38: Test mode operation

TEST MODE In-service Test mode Critical fail TEST MODE Contact input and output behavior
FUNCTION LED LED relay FORCING
Disabled Unaffected Off Normal No effect Normal
Isolated Off On De-energized No effect Contact outputs disabled
Forcible Off Flashing De-energized Off Normal
On Controlled by forcing features
On restart, the TEST MODE FORCING setting and the force contact input and force contact output settings revert to
their default states.
5.11.3 Force contact inputs

SETTINGS  TESTING  FORCE CONTACT INPUTS
 FORCE CONTACT FORCE Cont Ip 1 Range: Normal, Open, Closed
 INPUTS  : Normal
FORCE Cont Ip 2 Range: Normal, Open, Closed

 : Normal

FORCE Cont Ip xx Range: Normal, Open, Closed
 : Normal
5 The force contact inputs feature provides a method of performing checks on the function of all contact inputs.
While in Forcible test mode, the relay contact inputs can be pre-programmed to respond in the following ways:
• If set to “Normal,” the input remains fully operational. It is controlled by the voltage across its input terminals and can
be turned on and off by external circuitry. Select this value if a given input must be operational during the test. This
includes, for example, an input initiating the test, or being a part of a user pre-programmed test sequence.
• If set to “Open,” the input is forced to report as opened (Logic 0) while the operand selected by TEST MODE FORCING
setting is On, regardless of the voltage across the input terminals. While the selected operand is Off, the input behaves
as it does when in service.
• If set to “Closed,” the input is forced to report as closed (Logic 1) while the operand selected by TEST MODE FORCING
setting is On regardless of the voltage across the input terminals. While the selected operand is Off, the input behaves
as it does when in service.
5.11.4 Force contact outputs

SETTINGS  TESTING  FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS
 FORCE CONTACT FORCE Cont Op 1 Range: Normal, Energized, De-energized, Freeze
 OUTPUTS  : Normal
FORCE Cont Op 2 Range: Normal, Energized, De-energized, Freeze

 : Normal

FORCE Cont Op xx Range: Normal, Energized, De-energized, Freeze
 : Normal
The force contact outputs feature provides a method of performing checks on the function of all contact outputs.

CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS TESTING
While in Forcible test mode, the relay contact outputs can be pre-programmed to respond in the following ways:
• If set to “Normal,” the contact output remains fully operational. It operates when its control operand is logic 1 and
resets when its control operand is logic 0.
• If set to “Energized,” the output closes and remains closed while the operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING
setting is On, regardless of the status of the operand configured to control the output contact. While the selected
operand is Off, the output behaves as it does when in service.
• If set to “De-energized,” the output opens and remains opened while the operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING
setting is On, regardless of the status of the operand configured to control the output contact. While the selected
operand is Off, the output behaves as it does when in service.
• If set to “Freeze,” the output retains its position at the instant before the TEST MODE FUNCTION was Forcible and the
operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING setting was On, regardless of later changes in the status of the operand
configured to control the output contact. While the selected operand is Off, the output behaves as it does when in
service.

TESTING CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS

Chapter 6: Actual values
Actual values
This chapter outlines viewing of data on the front panel and in the software.
6.1 Actual values menu
 ACTUAL VALUES  Access in EnerVista

 FRONT PANEL   See page 6-3

 ACTUAL VALUES  CONTACT INPUTS See page 6-4
 STATUS  
 VIRTUAL INPUTS See page 6-4

  
 RxGOOSE BOOLEANS See page 6-4

 
 RxGOOSE DPS See page 6-4

 

  INPUTS
 CONTACT OUTPUTS See page 6-5

 
 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS See page 6-5

 
 AUTORECLOSE See page 6-6

 
 RxGOOSE STATUS See page 6-6

 
 RxGOOSE See page 6-6

  STATISTICS
 DIGITAL COUNTERS See page 6-6

 

ACTUAL VALUES MENU CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES
 SELECTOR SWITCHES See page 6-7

 
 FLEX STATES See page 6-7

 
 ETHERNET See page 6-7

 
 REAL TIME CLOCK See page 6-7

  SYNCHRONIZING
 DIRECT INPUTS See page 6-8

 
 DIRECT DEVICES See page 6-9

  STATUS
 TELEPROT CH TESTS See page 6-9

 
 INCIPIENT FAULT See page 6-10

 
 COMM STATUS See page 6-10

  REMAINING CONNECT
 PRP See page 6-10

 
 TxGOOSE STATUS See page 6-11

  
 ACTUAL VALUES  SOURCE SRC 1 See page 6-15

 METERING  
 SOURCE SRC 2
  
 SYNCHROCHECK See page 6-18


6 
 TRACKING FREQUENCY See page 6-19

 
 FREQUENCY RATE See page 6-19

  OF CHANGE
 FLEXELEMENTS See page 6-19

 
 RxGOOSE Analogs See page 6-20

 
 WATTMETRIC See page 6-20

  GROUND FAULT 1
 WATTMETRIC
  GROUND FAULT 2
 TRANSDUCER I/O See page 6-20

  DCMA INPUTS
 TRANSDUCER I/O See page 6-20

  RTD INPUTS
 DISTANCE See page 6-21

  
 ACTUAL VALUES  FAULT REPORT See page 6-22

 RECORDS  

CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES FRONT PANEL
 EVENT RECORDS See page 6-23

  
 OSCILLOGRAPHY See page 6-24

 
 DATA LOGGER See page 6-24

 
 MAINTENANCE See page 6-25

  
 ACTUAL VALUES  MODEL INFORMATION See page 6-26

 PRODUCT INFO  
 FIRMWARE REVISIONS See page 6-26

 
For status reporting, ‘On’ represents Logic 1 and ‘Off’ represents Logic 0.
6.2 Front panel

The front panel can be viewed and used in the EnerVista software, for example to view an error message displayed on the
front panel.
To view the front panel in EnerVista software:
1. Click Actual Values > Front Panel.
Figure 6-1: Front panel use in the software (C60 shown)

STATUS CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES
6.3 Status
6.3.1 Contact inputs
ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  CONTACT INPUTS
 CONTACT INPUTS Cont Ip 1 Range: On, Off
  Off

Cont Ip xx Range: On, Off
 Off
The present status of the contact inputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the contact
input. For example, ‘Cont Ip 1’ refers to the contact input in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the
display indicates the logic state of the contact input.

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  VIRTUAL INPUTS
 VIRTUAL INPUTS Virt Ip 1 Range: On, Off
  Off

Virt Ip 64 Range: On, Off
 Off
The present status of the 64 virtual inputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the virtual
input. For example, ‘Virt Ip 1’ refers to the virtual input in terms of the default name. The second line of the display indicates
the logic state of the virtual input.
6
6.3.3 RxGOOSE boolean inputs
ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  RxGOOSE BOOLEANS
 RxGOOSE BOOLEANS RxGOOSE BOOLEAN 1 Range: On, Off
  STATUS: Off

RxGOOSE BOOLEAN 256 Range: On, Off
 STATUS: Off
The D30 is provided with optional IEC 61850 capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the
time of ordering. See the Order Codes section of chapter 2 for details.
6.3.4 RxGOOSE DPS inputs

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  RxGOOSE DPS
 RxGOOSE DPS RxGOOSE DPS 1 Range: On, Off, Intermediate, Bad
  Status: Intermediate

RxGOOSE DPS 16 Range: On, Off, Intermediate, Bad
 Status: Intermediate

CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS
6.3.5 Teleprotection inputs

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  TELEPROTECTION INPUTS
 TELEPROTECTION TELEPROTECTION Range: On, Off
 INPUTS  INPUT 1-1: Off

TELEPROTECTION Range: On, Off
 INPUT 1-16: Off

 INPUT 2-1: Off

 INPUT 2-16: Off
The present state of teleprotection inputs from communication channels 1 and 2 are shown here. The state displayed is
that of corresponding remote output unless the channel is declared failed.
6.3.6 Contact outputs

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  CONTACT OUTPUTS
 CONTACT OUTPUTS Cont Op 1 Range: On, Off, VOff, VOn, IOn, IOff
  Off

 Cont Op xx
Off
Range: On, Off, VOff, VOn, IOn, IOff 6
The present state of the contact outputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the contact
output. For example, ‘Cont Op 1’ refers to the contact output in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of
the display indicates the logic state of the contact output.
For form-A contact outputs, the state of the voltage and current detectors is displayed as Off, VOff, IOff, On, IOn, and VOn.
For form-C contact outputs, the state is displayed as Off or On.
6.3.7 Virtual outputs

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  VIRTUAL OUTPUTS
 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS Virt Op 1 Range: On, Off
  Off

Virt Op 96 Range: On, Off
 Off
The present state of up to 96 virtual outputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the virtual
output. For example, ‘Virt Op 1’ refers to the virtual output in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the
display indicates the logic state of the virtual output, as calculated by the FlexLogic equation for that output.

6.3.8 Autoreclose
ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  AUTORECLOSE  AUTORECLOSE 1
 AUTORECLOSE 1 AUTORECLOSE 1 Range: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
  SHOT COUNT: 0
This menu displays the reclosure shot count.
6.3.9 RxGOOSE status

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  RxGOOSE STATUS
 RxGOOSE All RxGOOSE Online: Range: Yes, No
 STATUS  Yes
RxGOOSE 1 Status: Range: Online, Offline

 Offline

RxGOOSE 64 Status: Range: Online, Offline
 Offline
The All RxGOOSE Online actual value does not consider RxGOOSE that are not configured or are not used by any RxGOOSE
Input.
6.3.10 RxGOOSE statistics

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  RxGOOSE STATISTICS  RxGOOSE 1(64)
6  RxGOOSE 1
 RxGOOSE 1 Range: 0 up to 4,294,967,295
 stNum: 0
RxGOOSE 1 Range: 0 up to 4,294,967,295

 sqNum: 0
stNum — State number. The most recently received value in GOOSE message field stNum. The publisher increments stNum
each time that the state of one or more of the GOOSE message members is sent with a revised value.
sqNum — Sequence number. The most recently received value in GOOSE message field sqNum. The publisher sets sqNum
to zero each time the state of one or more of the GOOSE message members is sent with a new value, and it increments it
whenever a GOOSE message is resent without any member value change.
6.3.11 Digital counters

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  DIGITAL COUNTERS  DIGITAL COUNTERS Counter 1(8)
 DIGITAL COUNTERS Counter 1 ACCUM:
 Counter 1  0
Counter 1 FROZEN:
 0

Counter 1 FROZEN: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS

 1970/01/01 00:00:00
Counter 1 MICROS: Range: 0 to 4294967295 in steps of 1

 0
The present status of the eight digital counters displays here. The status of each counter, with the user-defined counter
name, includes the accumulated and frozen counts (the count units label also appears). Also included, is the date and time
stamp for the frozen count. The COUNTER 1 MICROS value refers to the microsecond portion of the time stamp.
6.3.12 Selector switches

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  SELECTOR SWITCHES
 SELECTOR SWITCHES SELECTOR SWITCH 1 Range: Current Position / 7
  POSITION: 0/7
SELECTOR SWITCH 2 Range: Current Position / 7

 POSITION: 0/7
The display shows both the current position and the full range. The current position only (an integer from 0 through 7) is the
actual value.
6.3.13 Flex states

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  FLEX STATES
 FLEX STATES PARAM 1: Off Range: On, Off
  Off

PARAM 256: Off Range: On, Off
 Off
There are 256 FlexStateTM bits available. The second line value indicates the state of the given FlexState bit.
6
6.3.14 Ethernet
ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  ETHERNET
 ETHERNET ETHERNET PRI LINK Range: Fail, OK
  STATUS: Fail
ETHERNET SEC LINK Range: Fail, OK

 STATUS: Fail
ETHERNET TER LINK Range: Fail, OK

 STATUS: Fail
These values indicate the status of the first, second, and third Ethernet links.
6.3.15 Real time clock synchronizing

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  REAL TIME CLOCK SYNCHRONIZING
 REAL TIME CLOCK RTC SYNC SOURCE: Range: see below
 SYNCHRONIZING  None
GRANDMASTER ID: Range: any 8 octet value

 0X0000000000000000

ACCURACY: Range: 0 to 999,999,999 ns

 999999999 ns
PORT 1 PTP STATE: Range: Disabled, No Signal, Calibrating, Synch’d (No

 No Signal Pdelay), Synchronized


PTP - IRIG-B DELTA: Range: -500,000,000 to +500,000,000 ns

 500000000 ns
RTC SYNC SOURCE actual value is the time synchronizing source the relay is using at present. Possible sources are: Port 1
PTP Clock, Port 2 PTP Clock, Port 3 PTP Clock, IRIG-B, Other, and None, where "Other" means any less precise source (SNTP,
IEC 103, IEC 104, or DNP). An actual value displays when the relay includes the IEEE 1588 software option.
The GRANDMASTER ID is the grandmasterIdentity code being received from the present PTP grandmaster, if any. When the
relay is not using any PTP grandmaster, this actual value is zero. The grandmasterIdentity code is specified by PTP to be
globally unique, so one can always know which clock is grandmaster in a system with multiple grandmaster-capable
clocks.
ACCURACY is the estimated maximum time error at present in the RTC, considering the quality information imbedded in the
received time signal. The value 999,999,999 indicates that the magnitude of the estimated error is one second or more, or
that the error cannot be estimated.
PORT 1…3 PTP STATE is the present state of the port’s PTP clock. The PTP clock state is:
• Disabled is the port’s function setting is Disabled
• No Signal if enabled but no signal from an active master has been found and selected
• Calibrating if an active master has been selected but lock is not at present established
• Synch’d (No Pdelay) if the port is synchronized, but the peer delay mechanism is non-operational
• Synchronized if synchronized
6 PTP - IRIG-B DELTA is the time difference, measured in nanoseconds, between the fractional seconds portion of the time
being received via PTP and that being received via IRIG-B. A positive value indicates that PTP time is fast compared to IRIG-
B time.
6.3.16 Direct inputs

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  DIRECT INPUTS
 DIRECT INPUTS AVERATE MSG RETURN
  TIME CH1: 0 ms
UNRETURNED MSG
 COUNT CH1: 0
CRC FAIL COUNT

 CH1: 0
AVERAGE MSG RETURN

 TIME CH2: 0 ms
UNRETURNED MSG
 COUNT CH2: 0
CRC FAIL COUNT

 CH2: 0
DIRECT INPUT 1:
 On


DIRECT INPUT 32:

 On
The AVERAGE MSG RETURN TIME is the time taken for direct output messages to return to the sender in a direct input/output
ring configuration (this value is not applicable for non-ring configurations). This is a rolling average calculated for the last
ten messages. There are two return times for dual-channel communications modules.
The UNRETURNED MSG COUNT values (one per communications channel) count the direct output messages that do not
make the trip around the communications ring. The CRC FAIL COUNT values (one per communications channel) count the
direct output messages that have been received but fail the CRC check. High values for either of these counts can indicate
on a problem with wiring, the communication channel, or one or more relays. The UNRETURNED MSG COUNT and CRC FAIL
COUNT values can be cleared using the CLEAR DIRECT I/O COUNTERS command.
The DIRECT INPUT 1 to DIRECT INPUT (32) values represent the state of each direct input.
6.3.17 Direct devices status

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  DIRECT DEVICES STATUS
 DIRECT DEVICES DIRECT DEVICE 1 Range: Offline, Online
 STATUS  STATUS: Offline

DIRECT DEVICE 16 Range: Offline, Online
 STATUS: Offline
These actual values represent the state of direct devices 1 through 16.
6.3.18 Teleprotection channel tests

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  TELEPROT CH TESTS
 TELEPROT CH TESTS CHANNEL 1 Range: n/a, FAIL, OK
  STATUS: n/a
 CHANNEL 1 LOST Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1 6

PACKETS: 1
CHANNEL 2 Range: n/a, FAIL, OK

 STATUS: n/a
CHANNEL 2 LOST Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

 PACKETS: 1
VALIDITY OF CHANNEL Range: n/a, FAIL, OK

 CONFIGURATION: FAIL
The status information for two channels is shown here.

CHANNEL 1 STATUS — This represents the receiver status of each channel. If the value is “OK,” teleprotection is enabled and
data is being received from the remote terminal; If the value is “FAIL,” teleprotection enabled and data is not being received
from the remote terminal. If “n/a,” teleprotection is disabled.
CHANNEL 1 LOST PACKETS — Data is transmitted to the remote terminals in data packets at a rate of two packets per cycle.
The number of lost packets represents data packets lost in transmission; this count can be reset to 0 through the
COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS menu.
VALIDITY OF CHANNEL CONFIGURATION — This value displays the current state of the communications channel identification
check, and hence validity. If a remote relay ID does not match the programmed ID at the local relay, the “FAIL” message
displays. The “N/A” value appears if the local relay ID is set to a default value of “0,” the channel is failed, or if the
teleprotection inputs/outputs are not enabled.

6.3.19 Incipient fault detector

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  INCIPIENT FAULT  INCIPIENT FAULT 1
 INCIPIENT FAULT 1 INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
  PH A FAULTS: 0
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 PH B FAULTS: 0
INCIPIENT FAULT 1 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

 PH C FAULTS: 0
The number of detected incipient faults for each incipient fault element are displayed here for each phase. These values
can be reset to zero with the COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS  CLEAR INCIPENT FAULT COUNTERS command.
6.3.20 Remaining connection status

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  COMM STATUS REMAINING CONNECT
 COMM STATUS MMS TCP(max 5) Range: 0 to 5
 REMAINING CONNECT  5
MODBUS TCP (max 4) Range: 0 to 4

 4
DNP TCP(max 2) Range: 0 to 2

 2
IEC-104 TCP(max 2) Range: 0 to 2

 2
SFTP (max 4) Range: 0 to 4

 4
These values specify the remaining number of TCP connections still available for each protocol. The display depends on the
options applicable to your device. Each time a connection is used, the remaining number of connections decrements.
6 When released, the remaining number of connections increments. If no connection is made over the specific protocol, the
number equals the maximum number available for the specific protocol.
For example, the maximum number of Modbus TCP connections is 4. Once an EnerVista session is opened on a computer
connected to the UR over Ethernet, the Modbus TCP status shows 3. If the EnerVista application is closed, the Modbus TCP
status shows 4.
MMS TCP — The number of IEC 61850 connections remaining.
6.3.21 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)

The Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) defines a redundancy protocol for high availability in substation automation
networks.
ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  PRP STATUS
 PRP STATUS Total Rx Port A: Range: 0 to 4G, blank if PRP disabled
 
Total Rx Port B: Range: 0 to 4G, blank if PRP disabled

Mismatches Port A: Range: 0 to 4G, blank if PRP disabled

Mismatches Port B: Range: 0 to 4G, blank if PRP disabled

Total Errors: Range: 0 to 4G, blank if PRP disabled


CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES METERING
The D30 is provided with optional PRP capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of
Total Received Port A is a counter for total messages received (either from DANPs or from SANs) on Port A.
Total Received Port B is a counter for total messages received (either from DANPs or from SANs) on Port B.
Total Errors is a counter for total messages received with an error (bad port code, frame length too short).
Mismatches Port A is a counter for total messages received with an error on Port A (PRP frame, but port received through
and LAN ID in the frame do not match).
Mismatches Port B is a counter for total messages received with an error on Port B (PRP frame, but port received through
and LAN ID in the frame do not match).
6.3.22 TxGOOSE status

ACTUAL VALUES  STATUS  TxGOOSE STATUS
 TxGOOSE STATUS R-TxGOOSE 1 Range: On, Off
  ARP: Off

R-TxGOOSE 16 Range: On, Off
 ARP: Off
This status is relevant to R-GOOSE reception when configured for SSM or ASM reception modes. It is not relevant for GOOSE
or for R-GOOSE in unicast reception mode.
ARP — The unicast mode of R-GOOSE transmission requires Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) for the resolution of the
network layer address into the MAC layer address. R-TxGOOSE## ARP status On indicates that ARP responses are being 6
received and the destination MAC address for R-GOOSE transmissions has been obtained. This status remains Off if
TxGOOSE## is not configured for R-GOOSE. It also remains Off if setting R-TxGOOSE1 DST IP is set to a multicast address. In
the case where setting R-TxGOOSE1 DST IP is configured with a unicast address and this status indicates Off, TxGOOSE##
transmission will be off, and therefore communication network diagnosis needs to be carried out.
This status is only applicable for R-GOOSE transmission with setting R-TxGOOSE1 DST IP set to a unicast IP address. It is not
applicable for GOOSE or for R-GOOSE when setting R-TxGOOSE1 DST IP is multicast.
6.4 Metering
6.4.1 Metering conventions
6.4.1.1 UR convention for measuring power

The figure illustrates the conventions established for use in UR devices.

METERING CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES
Figure 6-2: Flow direction of signed values for watts and VARs
6.4.1.2 UR convention for measuring phase angles

All phasors calculated by URs and used for protection, control and metering functions are rotating phasors that maintain
the correct phase angle relationships with each other at all times.

For display and oscillography purposes, all phasor angles in a given relay are referred to an AC input channel pre-selected
by the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  POWER SYSTEM  FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting. This setting defines a
particular AC signal source to be used as the reference.
The relay first determines if any “Phase VT” bank is indicated in the source. If it is, voltage channel VA of that bank is used
as the angle reference. Otherwise, the relay determines if any “Aux VT” bank is indicated; if it is, the auxiliary voltage
channel of that bank is used as the angle reference. If neither of the two conditions is satisfied, then two more steps of this
hierarchical procedure to determine the reference signal include “Phase CT” bank and “Ground CT” bank.
If the AC signal pre-selected by the relay upon configuration is not measurable, the phase angles are not referenced. The
phase angles are assigned as positive in the leading direction, and are presented as negative in the lagging direction, to
more closely align with power system metering conventions. The figure illustrates this.
Figure 6-3: UR phase angle measurement convention
6
6.4.1.3 UR convention for measuring symmetrical components
The URs calculate voltage symmetrical components for the power system phase A line-to-neutral voltage, and
symmetrical components of the currents for the power system phase A current. Owing to the above definition, phase
angle relations between the symmetrical currents and voltages stay the same irrespective of the connection of instrument
transformers. This is important for setting directional protection elements that use symmetrical voltages.
For display and oscillography purposes the phase angles of symmetrical components are referenced to a common
reference as described in the previous sub-section.
WYE-connected instrument transformers

• ABC phase rotation: • ACB phase rotation:
The above equations apply to currents as well.

DELTA-connected instrument transformers

• ABC phase rotation: • ACB phase rotation:
The zero-sequence voltage is not measurable under the Delta connection of instrument transformers and is defaulted to
zero. The table below shows an example of symmetrical components calculations for the ABC phase rotation.
Table 6-1: Symmetrical components calculation example
SYSTEM VOLTAGES, sec. V * VT conn. relay INPUTS, sec. V SYMM. COMP, sec. V
VAG VBG VCG VAB VBC VCA F5ac F6ac F7ac V0 V1 V2
13.9 76.2 79.7 84.9 138.3 85.4 WYE 13.9 76.2 79.7 19.5 56.5 23.3
∠0° ∠–125° ∠–250° ∠–313° ∠–97° ∠–241° ∠0° ∠–125° ∠–250° ∠–192° ∠–7° ∠–187°
UNKNOWN (only V1 and V2 84.9 138.3 85.4 DELTA 84.9 138.3 85.4 N/A 56.5 23.3
can be determined) ∠0° ∠–144° ∠–288° ∠0° ∠–144° ∠–288° ∠–54° ∠–234°
* The power system voltages are phase-referenced – for simplicity – to VAG and VAB, respectively. This, however, is a
relative matter. It is important to remember that the D30 displays are always referenced as specified under SETTINGS 
SYSTEM SETUP  POWER SYSTEM  FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE.
The example above is illustrated in the following figure.
Figure 6-4: Measurement convention for symmetrical components

6.4.2 Sources
6.4.2.1 Menu
ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1
 SOURCE SRC 1  PHASE CURRENT See below
   SRC 1
 GROUND CURRENT See page 6-16

  SRC 1
 PHASE VOLTAGE See page 6-16

  SRC 1
 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE See page 6-17

  SRC 1
 POWER See page 6-17

  SRC 1
 FREQUENCY See page 6-18

  SRC 1
This menu displays the metered values available for each source.
Metered values presented for each source depend on the phase and auxiliary VTs and phase and ground CTs assignments
for this particular source. For example, if no phase VT is assigned to this source, then any voltage, energy, and power
values are unavailable.
6.4.2.2 Phase current metering

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1  PHASE CURRENT
 PHASE CURRENT SRC 1 RMS Ia: 0.000
 SRC 1  b: 0.000 c: 0.000 A
 SRC 1 RMS Ia:

0.000 A 6
SRC 1 RMS Ib:
 0.000 A
SRC 1 RMS Ic:

 0.000 A
SRC 1 RMS In:

 0.000 A
SRC 1 PHASOR Ia:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Ib:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Ic:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR In:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 ZERO SEQ I0:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 POS SEQ I1:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 NEG SEQ I2:

 0.000 A 0.0°

The metered phase current values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text gets replaced by whatever name was
programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  SIGNAL SOURCES).
6.4.2.3 Ground current metering

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1  GROUND CURRENT
 GROUND CURRENT SRC 1 RMS Ig:
 SRC 1  0.000 A
SRC 1 PHASOR Ig:

 0.000 A 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Igd:

 0.000 A 0.0°
The metered ground current values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text is replaced by the name programmed by
the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  SIGNAL SOURCES).
6.4.2.4 Phase voltage metering

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1  PHASE VOLTAGE
 PHASE VOLTAGE SRC 1 RMS Vag:
 SRC 1  0.00 V
SRC 1 RMS Vbg:

 0.00 V
SRC 1 RMS Vcg:

 0.00 V
SRC 1 PHASOR Vag:

 0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Vbg:

 0.000 V 0.0°
6  SRC 1 PHASOR Vcg:

0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 RMS Vab:

 0.00 V
SRC 1 RMS Vbc:

 0.00 V
SRC 1 RMS Vca:

 0.00 V
SRC 1 PHASOR Vab:

 0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Vbc:

 0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 PHASOR Vca:

 0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 ZERO SEQ V0:

 0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 POS SEQ V1:

 0.000 V 0.0°
SRC 1 NEG SEQ V2:

 0.000 V 0.0°

The metered phase voltage values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text is replaced by the name programmed by
6.4.2.5 Auxiliary voltage metering

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1  AUXILIARY VOLTAGE
 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE SRC 1 RMS Vx:
 SRC 1  0.00 V
SRC 1 PHASOR Vx:

 0.000 V 0.0°
The metered auxiliary voltage values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text is replaced by the name programmed by
6.4.2.6 Power metering

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1  POWER
 POWER SRC 1 REAL POWER
 SRC 1  3φ: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REAL POWER

 φa: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REAL POWER

 φb: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REAL POWER

 φc: 0.000 W
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR

 3φ: 0.000 var
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR

 φa: 0.000 var
 SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR

φb: 0.000 var
6
SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR
 φc: 0.000 var
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR

 3φ: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR

 φa: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR

 φb: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 APPARENT PWR

 φc: 0.000 VA
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR

 3φ: 1.000
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR

 φa: 1.000
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR

 φb: 1.000
SRC 1 POWER FACTOR

 φc: 1.000

This menu displays metered values for real, reactive, and apparent power, as well as power factor. The "SRC 1" text is
replaced by the name programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  SIGNAL
SOURCES).
When VTs are configured in wye, the D30 calculates power in each phase and three-phase power is measured as
S = VA x ÎA + VB x ÎB + VC x ÎC Eq. 6-1
When VTs are configured in delta, the D30 does not calculate power in each phase and three-phase power is measured as
S = VAB x ÎA + VCB x ÎC Eq. 6-2
where
S is the apparent power
VA , VB, VC, IA , IB, IC are phase voltage and phase current phasors
VAB and VCB are phase-to-phase voltage phasors
Î is the conjugate of I
6.4.2.7 Frequency metering

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SOURCE SRC 1  FREQUENCY
 FREQUENCY SRC 1 FREQUENCY:
 SRC 1  0.00 Hz
The metered frequency values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text is replaced by the name programmed by the
user for the associated source (see SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  SIGNAL SOURCES).
SOURCE FREQUENCY is measured via software-implemented zero-crossing detection of an AC signal. The signal is either a
Clarke transformation of three-phase voltages or currents, auxiliary voltage, or ground current as per source configuration
(see the SYSTEM SETUP  POWER SYSTEM settings). The signal used for frequency estimation is low-pass filtered. The final
frequency measurement is passed through a validation filter that eliminates false readings due to signal distortions and
transients.
6 6.4.3 Synchrocheck
ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  SYNCHROCHECK  SYNCHROCHECK 1(4)
 SYNCHROCHECK 1 SYNCHROCHECK 1 DELTA
  VOLT: 0.000 kV
SYNCHROCHECK 1 DELTA
 FREQ: 0.00 Hz
SYNCHROCHECK 1
 DELTA PHASE: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1
 SYNSCP D_PH: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1
 V1 MAG: 0.000 kv
SYNCHROCHECK 1
 V1 ANG: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1
 V2 MAG: 0.000 kV
SYNCHROCHECK 1
 V2 ANG: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1 PROJ
 V2 MAG: 0.000 kV

SYNCHROCHECK 1 PROJ
 V2 ANG: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1 PROJ
 DELTA_PHASE: 0.0°
SYNCHROCHECK 1 PROJ
 SYNSCP D_PH: 0.0°
If synchrocheck or a setting is "Disabled," the corresponding actual values menu item does not display.
6.4.4 Tracking frequency

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  TRACKING FREQUENCY
 TRACKING FREQUENCY TRACKING FREQUENCY:
  60.00 Hz
The tracking frequency displays here. The frequency is tracked based on the selection of the reference source with the
FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting in the SETTINGS  SYSTEM SETUP  POWER SYSTEM menu. See the Power
System section of chapter 5 for details.
6.4.5 Frequency rate of change

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  FREQUENCY RATE OF CHANGE 1(2)
 FREQUENCY RATE FREQUENCY RATE OF
 OF CHANGE 1  CHANGE1: 0.00 Hz/s
The metered frequency rate of change for the frequency rate of change elements is shown here.
6.4.6 FlexElements
ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  FLEXELEMENTS  FLEXELEMENT 1(8)
6
 FLEXELEMENT 1 FLEXELEMENT 1
  OpSig: 0.000
The operating signals for the FlexElements are displayed in pu values using the following definitions of the base units.
Table 6-2: FlexElement base units
Base unit Description
BREAKER ACC ARCING AMPS BASE = 2000 kA2 × cycle
(Brk X Acc Arc Amp A, B, and C)
BREAKER ARCING AMPS BASE = 1 kA2 × cycle
(Brk X Arc Amp A, B, and C)
DCmA BASE = maximum value of the DCMA INPUT MAX setting for the two transducers configured
under the +IN and –IN inputs.
FAULT LOCATION BASE = Line Length as specified in Fault Report
FREQUENCY fBASE = 1 Hz
FREQUENCY RATE OF CHANGE df/dtBASE = 1 Hz/s
PHASE ANGLE ϕBASE = 360 degrees (see the UR angle referencing convention)
POWER FACTOR PFBASE = 1.00
RTDs BASE = 100°C
SOURCE CURRENT IBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE POWER PBASE = maximum value of VBASE × IBASE for the +IN and –IN inputs
SOURCE VOLTAGE VBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs

Base unit Description

SYNCHROCHECK VBASE = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and –IN inputs
(Max Delta Volts)
ZBASE ZBASE = PhaseVTSecondary / PhaseCTSecondary, where PhaseVTSecondary and
PhaseCTSecondary are the secondary nominal voltage and the secondary nominal current of the
distance source. In case multiple CT inputs are summed as one source current and mapped as the
distance source, use the PhaseCTSecondary value from the CT with the highest primary nominal
current.
Distance source is specified in setting under SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING
GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE.
PhaseVTSecondary and PhaseCTSecondary are specified in setting under SETTINGS  SYSTEM
SETUP  AC INPUTS.
6.4.7 RxGOOSE analogs

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  RxGOOSE Analogs
 RxGOOSE RxGOOSE Analog 1
 Analogs  0.000

RxGOOSE Analog 32
 0.000
The D30 is provided with optional GOOSE communications capability. This feature is specified as a software
option at the time of ordering. See the Order Codes section of chapter 2 for details.
The RxGOOSE Analog values display in this menu. The RxGOOSE Analog values are received via IEC 61850 GOOSE
messages sent from other devices.
6.4.8 Wattmetric ground fault

6 ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT 1(2)
 WATTMETRIC WATT GND FLT 1:
 GROUND FAULT 1  0.000 W
This menu displays the wattmetric zero-sequence directional element operating power values.
6.4.9 Transducer inputs/outputs

ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  TRANSDUCER I/O DCMA INPUTS  DCMA INPUT xx
 DCMA INPUT xx DCMA INPUT xx
  0.000 mA
Actual values for each DCmA input channel that is enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel ID
and the bottom line as the value followed by the programmed units.
ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  TRANSDUCER I/O RTD INPUTS  RTD INPUT xx
 RTD INPUT xx RTD INPUT xx
  -50 °C
Actual values for each RTD input channel that is enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel ID
and the bottom line as the value.

6.4.10 Distance
ACTUAL VALUES  METERING  DISTANCE
 DISTANCE AB LOOP RESISTANCE
  RAB: 0.00 Ohms
AB LOOP REACTANCE
 XAB: 0.00 Ohms
AB LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ZAB: 0.00 Ohms
AB LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ANGLE: 0.00 DEG
BC LOOP RESISTANCE
 RBC: 0.00 Ohms
BC LOOP REACTANCE
 XBC: 0.00 Ohms
BC LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ZBC: 0.00 Ohms
BC LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ANGLE: 0.00 DEG
CA LOOP RESISTANCE
 RCA: 0.00 Ohms
CA LOOP REACTANCE
 XCA: 0.00 Ohms
CA LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ZCA: 0.00 Ohms
CA LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ANGLE: 0.00 DEG
 AG LOOP RESISTANCE
RAG: 0.00 Ohms
6
AG LOOP REACTANCE
 XAG: 0.00 Ohms
AG LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ZAG: 0.00 Ohms
AG LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ANGLE: 0.00 DEG
BG LOOP RESISTANCE
 RBG: 0.00 Ohms
BG LOOP REACTANCE
 XBG: 0.00 Ohms
BG LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ZBG: 0.00 Ohms
BG LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ANGLE: 0.00 DEG
CG LOOP RESISTANCE
 RCG: 0.00 Ohms
CG LOOP REACTANCE
 XCG: 0.00 Ohms
CG LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ZCG: 0.00 Ohms

RECORDS CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES
CG LOOP IMPEDANCE
 ANGLE: 0.00 DEG
Loop impedance is defined as Z##=|Z##| Angle=R##+jX##, in secondary ohms and ## is the loop indication (AB, BC, CA,
AG, BG, and CG respectively).
They are calculated as
Eq. 6-3
per the following equations.
Eq. 6-4
where
VA, VB, VC are phase voltage phasors in secondary volts
IA, IB, IC are current phasors in secondary amps
I0 is the zero sequence current phasors in secondary amps
IG is the ground current from the parallel line scaled to the source phase CT in secondary amps
Z0/Z1 is the zero sequence impedance to positive sequence impedance ratio
Z0M/Z1 is mutual zero sequence impedance to positive sequence impedance ratio, both are settings taken from the first
enabled ground distance zone (count from zone 1 to zone 5)
ZAG, ZBG, ZCG are calculated only if at least one ground distance zone is enabled; otherwise all the metering quantities for
ground distance impedance (ZAG, ZBG, and ZCG) are reset to zero, including magnitude and angle. Note that VTs of the
distance source must be connected in Wye if the ground distance element is enabled.
6 6.5 Records
6.5.1 Fault reports
ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  FAULT REPORTS  FAULT REPORT 1(15)
NO FAULTS TO REPORT
or
 FAULT REPORT 1 FAULT 1 Range: SRC 1, SRC 2
  LINE ID: SRC 1
FAULT 1 DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD

 2000/08/11
FAULT 1 TIME: Range: HH:MM:SS.ssssss

 00:00:00.000000
FAULT 1 TYPE: Range: not available if the source VTs are in the
 ABG “Delta” configuration
FAULT 1 LOCATION Range: not available if the source VTs are in the
 00.0 km “Delta” configuration
FAULT 1 RECLOSE Range: where applicable

 SHOT: 0
FAULT 1 LOOP Range: 0 to 327.67 Ohms

 RESIST: 0.00 Ohms

CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES RECORDS
FAULT 1 LOOP Range: -327.67 to 327.67 Ohms

 REACT: 0.00 Ohms
The latest 15 fault reports can be stored. The most recent fault location calculation (when applicable) is displayed in this
menu, along with the date and time stamp of the event which triggered the calculation. See the SETTINGS  PRODUCT
SETUP  FAULT REPORTS menu for assigning the source and trigger for fault calculations. See the COMMANDS  CLEAR
RECORDS menu for manual clearing of the fault reports and to the SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  CLEAR RELAY RECORDS
menu for automated clearing of the fault reports.
The FAULT 1 LOOP RESISTANCE and REACTANCE are expressed in secondary ohms, which are calculated as per the following
equation.
Zloop = Vloop / Iloop Eq. 6-5
The table defines the loop voltage and current.
Table 6-3: Quantities used to calculate fault loop impedances
Fault type Vloop Iloop
AG VA IA + (Z0/Z1-1)*I0 + Z0M/Z1*IG/3
BG VB IB + (Z0/Z1-1)*I0 + Z0M/Z1*IG/3
CG VC IC + (Z0/Z1-1)*I0 + Z0M/Z1*IG/3
AB, ABG VA – VB IA - IB
BC, BCG VB – VC IB - IC
CA, CAG VC – VA IC - IA
ABC Average of AB, BC, CA loop impedances
Where VA, VB, VC are phase voltage phasors in secondary volts; IA, IB, IC are current phasors in secondary amps, I0 is the
zero sequence current phasors in secondary amps; and IG is the ground current from the parallel line scaled to the source
phase CT in secondary amps. Z0/Z1 is the zero sequence impedance to positive sequence impedance ratio, and Z0M/Z1 is
mutual zero sequence impedance to positive sequence impedance ratio.
VTs of the FAULT REPORT 1 SOURCE must be connected in Wye or VT SUBSTITUTION must be set correctly for the Delta
connected VT to display the loop impedance and fault resistance for single phase-to-ground faults. 6
For the application of partially parallel circuits and in the case of single phase-to-ground faults, the reported fault
resistance and fault loop impedance may not be accurate even the compensation method is applied.
6.5.2 Event records

ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  EVENT RECORDS
 EVENT RECORDS EVENT: XXX
  XXX
 Date and time stamps
EVENT: 3 EVENT 3
 POWER ON   DATE: 2000/07/14
EVENT: 2 EVENT 3
 POWER OFF  TIME: 14:53:00.03405
EVENT: 1
 EVENTS CLEARED
The event records menu shows the contextual data associated with up to the last 1024 events, listed in chronological
order from most recent to oldest. When all 1024 event records have been filled, the oldest record is removed as a new
record is added. Each event record shows the event identifier/sequence number, cause, and date/time stamp associated
with the event trigger. See the COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing event records.

RECORDS CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES
Only major output operands generate events, not every operand. Elements that assert output per phase, for example, log
operating phase output only without asserting the common three-phase operand event.
See also the system log (syslog) information in the previous chapter.
The event records are also viewable in the software and in a web browser. The figure shows the event records in the
software. To view them in a web browser, enter the IP address of the device.
Figure 6-5: Event records viewed in EnerVista software
6.5.3 Data logger

6 ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  DATA LOGGER
 DATA LOGGER OLDEST SAMPLE TIME:
  2000/01/14 13:45:51
NEWEST SAMPLE TIME:

 2000/01/14 15:21:19
The OLDEST SAMPLE TIME represents the time at which the oldest available samples were taken. It is static until the log gets
full, at which time it starts counting at the defined sampling rate.
The NEWEST SAMPLE TIME represents the time the most recent samples were taken. It counts up at the defined sampling
rate. If the data logger channels are defined, then both values are static.
See the COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing data logger records.
6.5.4 Oscillography
ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  OSCILLOGRAPHY
 OSCILLOGRAPHY FORCE TRIGGER? Range: No, Yes
  No
NUMBER OF TRIGGERS:
 0
AVAILABLE RECORDS:
 0

CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES RECORDS
CYCLES PER RECORD:

 0
LAST CLEARED DATE:

 2000/07/14 15:40:16
This menu allows the user to view the number of triggers involved and number of oscillography traces available. The cycles
per record value is calculated to account for the fixed amount of data storage for oscillography. See the Oscillography
section of chapter 5 for details.
A trigger can be forced here at any time by setting “Yes” to the FORCE TRIGGER? command. See the COMMANDS  CLEAR
RECORDS menu for information on clearing the oscillography records.
6.5.5 Breaker maintenance

ACTUAL VALUES  RECORDS  MAINTENANCE  BREAKER 1(2)
 BREAKER 1 BKR 1 ACC ARCING AMP
  φA: 0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 ACC ARCING AMP

 φB: 0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 ACC ARCING AMP

 φC: 0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 OPERATING TIME

 φA: 0 ms

 φB: 0 ms

 φC: 0 ms
BKR 1 OPERATING
 TIME: 0 ms
 BKR 1 ARCING AMP φA:

0.00 kA2-cyc
6
BKR 1 ARCING AMP φB:
 0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 ARCING AMP φC:

 0.00 kA2-cyc
BKR 1 AMP MAX φA:

 0.00 kA
BKR 1 AMP MAX φB:

 0.00 kA
BKR 1 AMP MAX φC:

 0.00 kA
There is an identical menu for each of the breakers.

The BKR 1 ACC ARCING AMP values are in units of kA2-cycles. See the COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing
breaker arcing current records.
The BREAKER OPERATING TIME is defined as the slowest operating time of breaker poles that were initiated to open.
All of the values are stored in non-volatile memory and retained with power cycling.

PRODUCT INFORMATION CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES
6.6 Product information

6.6.1 Model information
ACTUAL VALUES  PRODUCT INFO  MODEL INFORMATION
 MODEL INFORMATION ORDER CODE LINE 1: Range: standard GE order code format
  D30-A00-AAA-A0A-A0A-
ORDER CODE LINE 2: Range: up to 20 alphanumeric characters

 A0A-A0A-A0A



SERIAL NUMBER: Range: standard GE serial number format

ETHERNET MAC ADDRESS Range: standard Ethernet MAC address format
 000000000000
MANUFACTURING DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS


OPERATING TIME: Range: operating time in HH:MM:SS
 0:00:00
CT/ VT ADVANCED DIAG Range: Yes, No

 ACTIVE: No
LAST SETTING CHANGE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS

 1970/01/01 23:11:19
The order code, serial number, Ethernet MAC address, date and time of manufacture, and operating time are shown here.
6 The rear panel on the device contains similar information.
ETHERNET MAC ADDRESS — UR devices with firmware 7.0x and above have three Ethernet ports that can be used on three
networks. The MAC address displays for port 1. The MAC address for port 2 is one higher. The MAC address for port 3 is one
higher than port 2. In redundant mode, the MAC addresses for ports 2 and 3 are the same as port 2.
6.6.2 Firmware revisions

ACTUAL VALUES  PRODUCT INFO  FIRMWARE REVISIONS
 FIRMWARE REVISIONS D30 Relay Range: 0.00 to 655.35
  REVISION: 7.4x Revision number of the application firmware.
MODIFICATION FILE Range: 0 to 65535 (ID of the MOD FILE)

 NUMBER: 0 Value is 0 for each standard firmware release.
BOOT PROGRAM Range: 0.00 to 655.35

 REVISION: 7.01 Revision number of the boot program firmware.
FRONT PANEL PROGRAM Range: 0.00 to 655.35

 REVISION: 2.01 Revision number of faceplate program firmware.
COMPILE DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS

 2016/09/15 04:55:16 Date and time when product firmware was built.
BOOT DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS

 2013/09/15 16:41:32 Date and time when the boot program was built.

CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES PRODUCT INFORMATION
FPGA PROGRAM Range: 0.00 to 655.35

 REVISION: 02.02 Revision number for FPGA.
FPGA DATE: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS

 2016/09/15 16:41:32 Date and time when the FPGA was built.
The shown data is illustrative only. A modification file number of 0 indicates that, currently, no modifications have been
installed.

PRODUCT INFORMATION CHAPTER 6: ACTUAL VALUES

Chapter 7: Commands and targets
Commands and targets
This chapter outlines the Commands and Targets menus and self-tests/error messages. Commands related to the IEC
61850 protocol are outlined in the IEC 61850 section of the Settings chapter. Log/error messages for IEC 61850 are
outlined in the UR Family Communications Guide.
7.1 Commands menu
COMMANDS

 COMMANDS
  VIRTUAL INPUTS
 COMMANDS
  CLEAR RECORDS
 COMMANDS
  SET DATE AND TIME
 COMMANDS
  RELAY MAINTENANCE
 COMMANDS
  SECURITY
The commands menu contains relay directives intended for operations personnel. All commands can be protected from
unauthorized access via the command password; see the Security section of chapter 5 for details. The following flash
message appears after successfully command entry.
COMMAND
EXECUTED

COMMANDS MENU CHAPTER 7: COMMANDS AND TARGETS

COMMANDS  VIRTUAL INPUTS
 COMMANDS Virt Ip 1 Range: Off, On
 VIRTUAL INPUTS  Off
Virt Ip 2 Range: Off, On

 Off

Virt Ip 64 Range: Off, On
 Off
The states of up to 64 virtual inputs are changed here. The first line of the display indicates the ID of the virtual input. The
second line indicates the current or selected status of the virtual input. This status is a state off (logic 0) or on (logic 1).
7.1.2 Clear records

COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS
 COMMANDS CLEAR FAULT REPORTS? Range: No, Yes
 CLEAR RECORDS  No
CLEAR EVENT RECORDS? Range: No, Yes

 No
CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY? Range: No, Yes

 No
CLEAR DATA LOGGER? Range: No, Yes

 No
CLEAR BREAKER 1 Range: No, Yes

 ARCING AMPS? No
CLEAR BREAKER 2 Range: No, Yes

 ARCING AMPS? No
CLEAR UNAUTHORIZED Range: No, Yes

 ACCESS? No
CLEAR DIRECT I/O Range: No, Yes.

 COUNTERS? No Valid only for units with Direct Input/Output module.
7  CLEAR TELEPROTECT
COUNTERS? No
Range: No, Yes
CLEAR INCIPIENT Range: No, Yes

 FAULT COUNTERS? No
 CLEAR IEC61850 See below

  XWSI OPCNT
 CLEAR IEC61850 See below

  XCBR OPCNT
CLEAR ALL RELAY Range: No, Yes

 RECORDS? No
This menu contains commands for clearing historical data such as the event records. Data is cleared by changing a
command setting to “Yes” and pressing the ENTER key. After clearing data, the command setting automatically reverts to
“No.”

CHAPTER 7: COMMANDS AND TARGETS COMMANDS MENU
COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS  CLEAR IEC61850 XWSI OPCNT

 CLEAR IEC61850 CLEAR XSWI 1 Range: No, Yes
 XWSI OPCNT  OpCnt? No

CLEAR XSWI 24 Range: No, Yes
 OpCnt? No
COMMANDS  CLEAR RECORDS  CLEAR IEC61850 XCBR OPCNT

 CLEAR IEC61850 CLEAR XCBR 1 Range: No, Yes
 XCBR OPCNT  OpCnt? No

CLEAR XCBR 8 Range: No, Yes
 OpCnt? No
The Clear XSWI commands clear the disconnect operation counters for each phase and the three-phase counter. Similarly,
the Clear XCBR commands clear the circuit breaker operation counters for each phase and the three-phase counter.
7.1.3 Set date and time

COMMANDS  SET DATE AND TIME
 COMMANDS SET DATE AND TIME: Range: YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS
 SET DATE AND TIME  2000/01/14 13:47:03
The date and time can be entered on the faceplate keypad. The time setting is based on the 24-hour clock. The complete
date, as a minimum, must be entered to allow execution of this command. The new time and date take effect when the
ENTER key is pressed.
When the relay is synchronizing to an external time source such as PTP, IRIG-B, or SNTP, the manually entered time is over-
written.
The timescale of the entered time is local time, including daylight savings time where and when applicable.
7.1.4 Relay maintenance

COMMANDS  RELAY MAINTENANCE
 COMMANDS PERFORM LAMP TEST? Range: No, Yes
7
 RELAY MAINTENANCE  No
UPDATE ORDER CODE? Range: No, Yes

 No
REBOOT RELAY? Range: No, Yes

 No
SERVICE COMMAND Range: 0, 101

 0
SAVE VOLATILE DATA? Range: No, Yes

 No
This menu contains commands for relay maintenance purposes. Commands for the lamp test and order code are
activated by changing a command setting to “Yes” and pressing the ENTER key. The command setting then automatically
reverts to “No.” The service command is activated by entering a numerical code and pressing the ENTER key.
PERFORM LAMP TEST — Turns on all faceplate LEDs and display pixels for a short duration.
UPDATE ORDER CODE — This command causes the relay to scan the backplane for the hardware modules and update the
order code to match. If an update occurs, the following message displays.

TARGETS MENU CHAPTER 7: COMMANDS AND TARGETS
UPDATING...
PLEASE WAIT
There is no impact if there have been no changes to the hardware modules. When an update does not occur, the ORDER
CODE NOT UPDATED message displays.
REBOOT RELAY — Restarts the relay so that changes to configuration settings can take effect. In most cases, if changes are
made to the configuration settings these changes do not take effect unless the relay is rebooted.
With the CyberSentry option, the Administrator and Operator roles can initiate the Reboot Relay command.
SERVICE COMMAND — Performs specific D30 service actions. Presently, there are two service actions available. Code
"20511" returns all settings to their factory default value. Code “101” is used to clear factory diagnostic information stored
in the non-volatile memory. If a code other than these two is entered, the command is ignored and no action is taken.
Various self-checking diagnostics are performed in the background while the D30 is running, and diagnostic information is
stored on the non-volatile memory from time to time based on the self-checking result. Although the diagnostic
information is cleared before the D30 is shipped from the factory, the user can want to clear the diagnostic information for
themselves under certain circumstances. For example, you clear diagnostic information after replacement of hardware.
Once the diagnostic information is cleared, all self-checking variables are reset to their initial state and diagnostics restart
from scratch.
SAVE VOLATILE DATA — Saves this data to compact flash memory prior to shutdown. This allows the saved data to be as
recent as possible instead of relying on the periodic timer to save the data.
7.1.5 Security
COMMANDS  SECURITY
 SECURITY ADMINISTRATOR Range: Yes, No
  LOGOFF: No
ENGINEER Range: Yes, No

 LOGOFF: No
OPERATOR Range: Yes, No

 LOGOFF: No
CLEAR SECURITY DATA: Range: Yes, No

 No
7 With the CyberSentry option, this setting is available to enable or disable the following commands.
ADMINISTRATOR LOGOFF — Selecting ‘Yes’ allows the Supervisor to forcefully logoff an administrator session.
ENGINEER LOGOFF — Selecting ‘Yes’ allows the Supervisor to forcefully logoff an engineer session.
OPERATOR LOGOFF — Selecting ‘Yes’ allows the Supervisor to forcefully logoff an operator session.
CLEAR SECURITY DATA — Selecting ‘Yes’ allows the Supervisor to forcefully clear all the security logs and clears all the
operands associated with the self-tests.
7.2 Targets menu
TARGETS

CHAPTER 7: COMMANDS AND TARGETS TARGETS MENU
PHASE TOC4 Displayed only if targets for this element are active.
 OP: A B - Example shown.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 48: Displayed only if targets for this element are active.
 LATCHED Example shown.


A target enables the EnerVista UR Setup software to monitor automatically and display the status of any active target
messages of all the devices inserted into that site.
Each D30 element with a TARGET setting has a target message that when activated by its element is displayed in sequence
with any other currently active target messages in the TARGETS menu. In the example shown, the Phase TOC4 and Digital
Element 48 target settings are active and so have their targets displayed. The down arrow below the two elements
indicates that there can be other active elements beyond these two.
For more information, see the description of target messages in the next section, and the Introduction to Elements section
in the Settings chapter for instructions on TARGET setting.
When no targets are active, the display reads NO ACTIVE TARGETS.
7.2.1 Target messages

When there are no active targets, the first target to become active causes the display to immediately default to that
message. If there are active targets and the user is navigating through other messages, and when the default message
timer times out (i.e. the keypad has not been used for a determined period of time), the display again defaults back to the
target message.
The range of variables for the target messages is described below. Phase information is included if applicable. If a target
message status changes, the status with the highest priority displays.
Table 7-1: Target message priority status
Priority Active status Description
1 OP element operated and still picked up
2 PKP element picked up and timed out
3 LATCHED element had operated but has dropped out
If a self test error is detected, a message appears indicating the cause of the error. For example UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED
indicates that the minimal relay settings have not been programmed.
7
7.2.2 Relay self-tests
7.2.2.1 Description
The relay performs a number of self-test diagnostic checks to ensure device integrity. The two types of self-tests (major
and minor) are listed in the following tables. When either type of error occurs, the Trouble LED Indicator turns on and a
target message displays. All errors record an event in the event recorder. Latched errors can be cleared by pressing the
RESET key, providing the condition is no longer present.
Major self-test errors also result in the following:
• The critical fail relay on the power supply module de-energizes
• All other output relays de-energize and are prevented from further operation
• The faceplate In Service LED indicator turns off
• A RELAY OUT OF SERVICE event is recorded
To view error messages in EnerVista software:
1. Access Actual Values > Records > Event Records.

7.2.2.2 Major self-test error messages

The major self-test errors are outlined in this section.
INCOMPATIBLE H/W:
Contact Factory (xxx)
• Latched target message: Yes.
• Description of problem: One or more installed hardware modules is not compatible with the D30 order code.
• How often the test is performed: Module dependent.
• What to do: Contact the factory and supply the failure code noted in the display. The “xxx” text identifies the failed
module (for example, F8L).
EQUIPMENT MISMATCH:
with 2nd line detail
• Latched target message: No.
• Description of problem: The configuration of modules does not match the order code stored in the D30.
• How often the test is performed: On power up. Afterwards, the backplane is checked for missing cards every five
seconds.
• What to do: Check all modules against the order code, ensure they are inserted properly, and cycle control power. If
the problem persists, contact the factory.
FLEXLOGIC ERROR:
with 2nd line detail
• Description of problem: A FlexLogic equation is incorrect.
• How often the test is performed: The test is event driven, performed whenever FlexLogic equations are modified.
• What to do: Finish all equation editing and use self tests to debug any errors.
UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED:

Check Settings
• Description of problem: The PRODUCT SETUP  INSTALLATION  RELAY SETTINGS setting indicates the D30 is not
programmed.
7 • How often the test is performed: On power up and whenever the PRODUCT SETUP  INSTALLATION  RELAY SETTINGS
setting is altered.
• What to do: Program all settings and then set PRODUCT SETUP  INSTALLATION  RELAY SETTINGS to “Programmed.”
MODULE FAILURE___:
• Description of problem: Module hardware failure detected. Module Failures 1 to 11 are major. The system can reboot
for four of these, as follows.
MODULE FAILURE 06 — Event message reads SYSTEM INTEGRITRY RECOVERY 06 when a reboot was required and
otherwise MODULE FAILURE 06 when a failure was detected

7.2.2.3 Minor self-test error messages

Most of the minor self-test errors can be disabled. See the settings in the User-programmable Self-tests section in chapter
5.
MODULE FAILURE___:
• Description of problem: Module hardware failure detected. Module Failures 12 and 31 to 33 are minor.
For Module Failure 31, a new process card hardware is available. The process card hardware has been enhanced to
support new features, such as fast distance protection, Synchrophasors Frequency, and Rate of Change of Frequency
calculations to conform to C37.118 - 2005 standard. The new functionality leveraging the hardware is supported with
firmware revision 7.25 and above. When using an older revision of the process card with a new firmware revision
(7.25), Module Failure 31 indicates the limited functionality. If your application requires the new functionality, then new
process card hardware is required and otherwise you can continue using the existing hardware. To know the revision
of your hardware, contact the factory.
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
Replace Battery
• Description of problem: The battery is weak or not functioning. It powers the real time clock. This message displays as
Battery Fail in the event records. When the battery weakness reaches a critical level, the message displays persistently
on the front panel and no front panel key navigation is possible.
• How often the test is performed: The battery is monitored every five seconds. The error message displays after 60
seconds if the problem persists.
• What to do: Replace the battery as outlined in the Maintenance chapter. 7
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
Direct I/O Ring Break
• Description of problem: Direct input and output settings are configured for a ring, but the connection is not in a ring.
• How often the test is performed: Every second.
• What to do: Check direct input and output configuration and wiring.
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
Bad IRIG-B Signal
• Description of problem: A bad IRIG-B input signal has been detected.
• How often the test is performed: Monitored whenever an IRIG-B signal is received.
• What to do: Ensure the following:
– The IRIG-B cable is properly connected.

– Proper cable functionality (that is, check for physical damage or perform a continuity test).
– The IRIG-B receiver is functioning.
– Check the input signal level (it can be less than specification).
If none of these apply, then contact the factory.
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
**Bad PTP Signal**
• Description of problem: No PTP enabled port has good PTP signal input.
• How often the test is performed: Activated when no acceptable signal is being received.
• What to do: Ensure the following:
– The Ethernet cable(s) are properly connected.
– At least one PTP grandmaster-capable clock is functioning.
– If strict PP is enabled, that entire network is PP compliant.
– The network is delivering PTP messages to the relay.
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
SNTP Failure
• Description of problem: The SNTP server is not responding.
• How often the test is performed: Every 10 to 60 seconds.
• What to do: Check that Ethernet cable(s) are properly connected. Check that configuration for the SNTP server
corresponds to the actual server settings. Check connectivity to the server (ping the server IP address.
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
4L Discrepancy
• Description of problem: A discrepancy has been detected between the actual and desired state of a latching contact
output of an installed type “4L” module.
• How often the test is performed: Upon initiation of a contact output state change.
• What to do: Verify the state of the output contact and contact the factory if the problem persists.
7
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
GGIO Ind xxx oscill
• Description of problem: A data item in a configurable GOOSE data set is oscillating.
• How often the test is performed: Upon scanning of each configurable GOOSE data set.
• What to do: The “xxx” text denotes the data item that has been detected as oscillating. Evaluate all logic pertaining to
this item.
MAINTENANCE ALERT:
Setting Changed
• Description of problem: Any device settings were changed over any available interface.
• How often the test is performed: On any setting changes, when new settings were written to device.
• What to do: Verify that the setting change was legitimate and essential for proper functioning of the protection and
control system.

DIRECT I/O FAILURE:

COMM Path Incomplete
• Description of problem: A direct device is configured but not connected.
• How often the test is performed: Every second.
• What to do: Check direct input and output configuration and wiring.
RxGOOSE FAIL:
Missing messages
• Description of problem: One or more RxGOOSE messages are not being received.
• How often the test is performed: The self-test is activated when no message is received within the expected time
interval, which is the time-to-live time in the previous message. This time can be from milliseconds to minutes.
• What to do: Check GOOSE setup.
TEMP MONITOR:
OVER TEMPERATURE
• Description of problem: The ambient temperature is greater than the maximum operating temperature (+80°C).
• How often the test is performed: Every hour.
• What to do: Remove the D30 from service and install in a location that meets operating temperature standards.
UNEXPECTED RESTART:
Press “RESET” key
• Description of problem: Abnormal restart from modules being removed or inserted while the D30 is powered-up, when
there is an abnormal DC supply, or as a result of internal relay failure.
• How often the test is performed: Event driven.
• What to do: Contact the factory.
FIRST ETHERNET FAIL

7
SECOND ETHERNET FAIL
THIRD ETHERNET FAIL

• Description of problem: A link loss detection on an Ethernet port. The link loss is due to unplugging the cable or the
switch port being down.
• How often the test is performed:
• What to do: Check the connection.
WRONG TRANSCEIVER

• Description of problem: The type of SFP does not match the CPU type.
T-type CPU = All ports support fiber SFPs only
U-type CPU = Maintenance port needs RJ45 SFP and the other two ports fiber SFPs
V-type CPU = All ports support RJ45 SFPs only
• What to do: A web page "SFP Transceiver Information" is provided. This page displays the type of the SFP in it. This data
is to be used with the CPU type to know the cause of the problem.
SFP MODULE x FAIL

• Description of problem: A faulty SFP or unplugging the SFP would generate this self test.
• What to do: The web page "SFP Transceiver Information" described in the previous section applies for this self test as
well. The "SFP Module Fail" has higher priority and it suppresses the "Ethernet Fail" target message. The "SFP MODULE
FAIL FUNCTION" setting enables/disables this self test. The target for this self test is priority-based, with the third one
being the highest priority. For example, if all three SFP modules fail, then the third SFP target is activated. If the third
SFP module failure resolves, then the second SFP target is activated.
AUTHENTICATION FAIL

• Description of problem: The number of failures threshold was exceeded.
• What to do: Wait for the lockout interval and try to authenticate again.
FIRMWARE LOCK
• Message: "Unauthorized firmware attempt"

• Description of problem: A firmware upgrade operation was attempted while the lock relay setting was enabled.
• What to do: Ask the Supervisor to unlock the relay and try again.
SETTING LOCK
7 • Message: "Unauthorized setting write"

• Description of problem: A setting write was attempted while the lock relay setting was enabled.
• What to do: Ask the Supervisor to unlock the settings and try again.
SERVER UNAVAILABLE
• Message: "An attempt to contact the Radius server has failed"

• Description of problem: The RADIUS authentication server is unavailable.
• What to do: Verify network connectivity and try again.
DOS PARTITION ALARM:

SELF-TEST ERROR
• Description of problem: There is a problem with the Compact Flash memory in the CPU module.
• How often the test is performed: On relay power-up and afterwards once every 24 hours.

• What to do: Contact the factory.
PROTOTYPE FIRMWARE:
Self Test Error
• Description of problem: Seen until the builds is tagged as being 'release candidate' or 'gold' builds.
• What to do: Update firmware to either of these builds.
7.2.2.4 HardFiber self-test error messages

In addition to those provided by the standard UR-series devices, the UR devices implement HardFiber self-tests. These are
listed here. Any abnormal diagnostic condition indicated by the LEDs or the critical failure relay also results in a self-test
message, so troubleshooting is described here. For other relays, such at the B95Plus, see that product’s instruction manual.
Equipment mismatch major self-test

• Description of problem: The number or type of installed hardware modules does not match the order code stored in
the CPU. The standard UR-series Equipment Mismatch self-test is extended to cover the possible presence of a
Process Card.
• Severity: Protection is not available and all contact outputs and shared outputs are de-asserted.
• What to do: Check all modules against the order code. Ensure they are inserted properly, and cycle the control power.
If a module has intentionally been added or removed use the Update Order Code command to notify the relay that the
current module configuration is correct.
Module failure major self-test

• Description of problem: UR-series device module hardware failure detected.
• What to do: Contact the factory and supply the failure code noted in the display. Text in the message identifies the
failed module (for example, H81). If operated on a Process Card failure, the Module Fail self-test seals-in (latches) till the
UR-series device is restarted.
Process bus failure major self-test

• Description of problem: Mission critical data is not available via the process bus. An AC quantity is considered critical if
both AC bank origins and the crosschecking settings are other than none. This self-test is also initiated by an AC input
discrepancy being detected. See the description of the crosschecking setting in this manual for further information. In
addition, this self-test can be initiated by user logic responding to loss of critical contact input/output or other data
using the Process Bus Failure Operand user-programmable self-test setting. This setting is located in the Settings >
Product Setup > User-Programmable Self Test menu.
7
• What to do: First rectify any Process Bus Trouble and Brick Trouble self-test errors. Check the actual value of the
operand referenced by the Process Bus Failure Operand setting, and if “On,” determine the cause and rectify.
If the problem persists with the foregoing all clear, the cause must be an AC input discrepancy, which is typically the
result of problems in the input signals to the Bricks, or faults in the Brick input conditioning hardware. If the error was
annunciated the first time significant signal was encountered, suspect the former cause and check the copper
connections external to the Brick. Where multiple UR-series devices have self-test errors, look for common causes.
To further isolate AC input discrepancy errors, put the relay in test-isolated mode, then one by one, temporally change
an AC bank crosschecking setting to none, until the Process Bus Failure clears. Once the problem AC bank has been
identified, the values from each of the two Bricks can be examined individually by temporarily mapping each to an AC
bank with a single origin.

Process bus trouble minor self-test

• Description of problem: Communications problems with one or more Bricks. The text of the message identifies the
affected field units. This self-test is initiated by low received signal levels at either the Brick or Process Card end, and
by the sustained failure to receive poll responses from the proper Brick.
• Severity: This self-test error does not directly inhibit protection. However, the affected Brick inputs/outputs may not be
available to the UR-series device.
• What to do: Check the field unit actual values. An indication of equipment mismatch means that messages are being
received from a Brick, but there is a discrepancy between the settings and the actual Brick serial number, order code,
and/or core number. Check that the correct core on the correct Brick is patched through to the correct Process Card
port, and that the field unit settings are correct. An indication of communications loss means that no messages are
being received. Check that the patching is correct, and that the Brick has power. If that is not the problem, use a
professional optical fiber connector cleaning kit to clean both sides of all optical fiber connections from the Process
Card through to the affected Brick. If the problem continues after cleaning, consult the factory.
Brick trouble minor self-test

• Description of problem: Brick internal self-testing has detected a trouble internal to the Brick.
• Severity: This self-test error does not directly inhibit protection. However, some or all of the affected Brick inputs/
outputs may not be available to the UR-series device.
• What to do: Check the Brick environment for over/under temperatures and the voltage of its power source. If the
ambient temperature and supply voltage are within Brick specifications, consult the factory. Troubles resulting from a
Brick output failing to respond to an output command can only be detected while the command is active, and so in
this case the target is latched. A latched target can be unlatched by pressing the faceplate reset key if the command
has ended, however the output can still be non-functional.

Chapter 8: Application of settings
Application of settings
This chapter provides example(s) of use.
8.1 Application guidelines

8.1.1 Overview
This chapter provides general application guidelines for stepped distance, overcurrent, and pilot protection. Where
relevant, design details and performance characteristics of the D30 are given to facilitate the process of setting the relay
for a given application.
8.1.2 Impact of memory polarization

The D30 uses a memorized positive sequence voltage as a polarizing signal in order to achieve dependable operation for
forward faults and secure non-operation for reverse faults.
The dynamic shift of the characteristic ensures improved directionality, but it also means that if a backup function is
required for a reverse fault on the bus, then it is appropriate to reverse Zone 3 so that a time delayed backup function can
be obtained. As mentioned earlier, it can be beneficial to also avoid extremely large reach settings by setting a remote
backup so that it is reverse looking. This strategy is beneficial if the reduced reach enhances the discrimination between
the load and fault conditions.
8.1.3 High set overcurrent elements

Especially at low SIR values, fast fault clearance times can be seen as extremely important, from both system stability, and
equipment damage viewpoints. The high-set overcurrent element, when set appropriately, can be extremely useful in
achieving these goals. It helps the setting calculations if the system impedances are reasonably well known.
Set the overcurrent pickup to the greater of the following values:
• The maximum infeed seen by the relay, for a close in reverse fault
• The maximum fault level seen by the relay for a fault at 100% of the protected line
The maximum error of the phase overcurrent elements is below 2%. Use a safety factor of 1.25 to account for relay errors
and system impedance uncertainty.

DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME) CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
If CT saturation is an issue, such as close to a generation where long lasting dc components are likely to saturate the CTs,
note that the instantaneous overcurrent elements require 1.33 cycle of data to operate for a multiple of pickup of 1.01. For
higher multiples of pickup, the relation between the multiple of pickup and the amount of data required for operation
before complete CT saturation is approximately linear. For example, for a multiple of pickup of 4, approximately 1.33 / 4 =
0.332 of power cycle is required by the phase instantaneous overcurrent element to operate. Do not confuse the above
information with the operating time, which includes some inherent delays such as a trip rated output contact.
8.2 Distance elements (stepped distance scheme)

8.2.1 Phase distance
8.2.1.1 Phase current supervision and the fuse failure element
The phase-to-phase (delta) current is used to supervise the phase distance elements, primarily to ensure that in a de-
energized state the distance elements are not picked up due to noise or induced voltages on the line.
This supervision feature can also be employed to prevent operation under fuse failure conditions. This requires that the
setting be above maximum load current and less than the minimum fault conditions for which operation is expected. This
potential problem can be avoided by the use of a separate fuse fail function, which means that the phase current
supervision can be set much lower, typically two times the capacitance charging current of the line.
The usage of the fuse fail function is also important during double-contingency events, such as an external fault during
fuse fail conditions. The current supervision alone does not prevent maloperation in such circumstances.
Keep in mind that the fuse failure element provided on the D30 needs some time to detect fuse fail conditions. This can
create a race between the instantaneous zone 1 and the fuse failure element. Therefore, for maximum security, it is
recommended to both set the current supervision above the maximum load current and use the fuse failure function. The
current supervision prevents maloperation immediately after the fuse fail condition giving some time for the fuse failure
element to take over and block the distance elements permanently. This is of a secondary importance for time-delayed
zones 2 and up as the fuse failure element has some extra time for guaranteed operation. The current supervision can be
set below the maximum load current for the time delayed zones.
Blocking distance elements during fuse fail conditions are not be acceptable in some applications and/or under some
protection philosophies. Applied solutions vary from not using the fuse failure element for blocking at all, to using it and
modifying—through FlexLogic and multiple setting groups mechanisms—other protection functions or other relays to
provide some protection after detecting fuse fail conditions and blocking the distance elements, and to using it and
accepting the fact that the distance protection does not respond to subsequent internal faults until the problem is
addressed.
To be fully operational, the Fuse Failure element must be enabled, and its output FlexLogic operand must be
indicated as the blocking signal for the selected protection elements.
For convenience, the current supervision threshold incorporates the factor.
8 8.2.1.2 Phase distance zone 1
As typically used for direct tripping, the zone 1 reach must be chosen so that it does not extend beyond the far end(s) of the
protected line. Zone 1 provides nominally instantaneous protection for any phase fault within a pre-determined distance
from the relay location. To ensure that no overreach occurs typically requires a setting of 80 to 90% of the line length,
which covers CT and VT errors, relay inaccuracy and transient overreach, as well as uncertainty in the line impedance for
each phase, although transposition can minimize this latter concern.
The total relay inaccuracy, including both steady state and transient overreach even when supplied from CVTs under the
source impedance ratios of up to 30, is below 5%.

CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME)
8.2.1.3 Phase distance zone 2

Zone 2 is an overreaching element, which essentially covers the final 10 to 20% whole of the line length with a time delay.
The additional function for zone 2 is as a timed backup for faults on the remote bus. Typically the reach is set to 125% of
the positive-sequence impedance of the line, to ensure operation, with an adequate margin, for a fault at 100% of the line
length. The necessary time delay must ensure that coordination is achieved with the clearance of a close-in fault on the
next line section, including the breaker operating time.
The zone 2 time delay is typically set from 0.2 to 0.6 seconds, although this can have to be reviewed more carefully if a
short line terminates on the remote bus, since the two zone 2 elements can overlap and therefore not coordinate in a
satisfactory manner.

If a remote backup philosophy is followed, then the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the
remote bus, plus the impedance of the longest line which terminates on this remote bus. The time delay must coordinate
with other time-delayed protections on any remote line. Circuit loading limitations created by a long zone reach can be
overcome by using lens or quadrilateral characteristics and/or a load encroachment supervising characteristic. Consider
also a situation where the load impedance can enter into the relay characteristic for a time longer than the chosen time
delay, which can occur transiently during a system power swing. For this reason, use the power swing blocking function.

A further contribution to remote backup, the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the remote bus.
The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on the next line. The use of a lens characteristic or the
load encroachment element is advantageous if load limits are a problem.
To avoid extremely large reach settings, the D30 has the ability to implement any element so that it is reverse looking,
which then can provide a back up for the longest line terminated on the local bus. This strategy can be beneficial if the
reduced reach helps discrimination between the load and fault conditions, but must be implemented at both ends of the
protected line.

An additional fifth phase distance zone can be used in special applications. This zone can be the start zone for arming
tripping from all other zones, in both forward and reverse directions of the of protected line. This zone can also be used as
an additional reverse-looking zone for implementation of two reverse-looking zones, thus providing two zone backup
reverse-looking protection. The fifth distance zone can be used as an alarm zone, indicating that load impedance is
approaching the zone characteristic.
8.2.2 Ground distance
8.2.2.1 Neutral current supervision

The current supervision for the ground distance elements responds to an internally calculated neutral current (3 × I_0).
Base the setting for this element on twice the zero-sequence line capacitance current or the maximum zero-sequence
unbalance under maximum load conditions. Do not use this element to prevent an output when the load impedance is
8
inside the distance characteristic on a steady state basis.
8.2.2.2 Polarizing current and non-homogeneity correction angle of the quad characteristic
An ideal reactance line for single-line-to-ground faults is polarized from the fault current flowing through the fault
resistance. Such a line defines constant reach and is implemented by the following angle comparator:
Eq. 8-1
The relay can only approximate the unknown fault current by the zero-sequence or the negative-sequence currents
measured at the relaying point. Depending on system parameters, either the zero-sequence or the negative-sequence
current presents better approximation of the fault current angle.

DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME) CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
Given the equivalent systems shown in the following figure, the angular difference between the zero-sequence or
negative-sequence currents at the relay, and the fault current can be calculated as follows:
Eq. 8-2
Eq. 8-3
where:
A is the local equivalent system
B is the remote equivalent system
L is the line
d is the per-unit (pu) intended reach of the zone (typically 0.7 to 0.9)
Figure 8-1: Understanding system homogeneity
If abs(Θ0) < abs(Θ2), the zero-sequence network is more homogenous (the zero-sequence current better approximates the
fault current), and zero-sequence polarizing should be selected. Otherwise, negative-sequence is a better polarizing signal.
8 The calculated Θ angles reflect errors between the ideal and applied polarizing angles. Therefore, after selecting the
polarizing current, the corresponding angle is chosen as the non-homogeneity correction angle. For example, calculations
yielding Θ0 = 5° and Θ2 = –1° result in selecting the negative-sequence for polarization, and the value of –1° for non-
homogeneity correction.
Often the non-homogeneity correction angle is used to apply extra security rather than correct the angle between the
relay and the fault currents. For extra security, set the angle to negative values.
Approach with care the ability to select an optimum polarizing signal and to correct for non-homogeneity. The best
polarizing signal and the correcting angle both depend on system parameters and intended reach of the zone. If the
system configuration is static, the selection is straightforward.
If the system configuration can change significantly, consider all the relevant system topologies for calculations. Either a
compromise choice is made, or different settings are applied via switchable setting groups depending on system
conditions. In highly non-homogenous and dynamic systems where the correction for non-homogeneity is not feasible,
consider conservative reach (reduced) and/or correction angle (negative) settings.

CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
8.2.2.3 Ground distance zone 1

The zone 1 reach must be set so that nominally instantaneous operation does not extend beyond the end of the protected
line. However this can be more complicated than for the phase elements, because of zero sequence mutual induction with
an adjacent parallel line, possibly carried on the same tower, which can be out of service and grounded at multiple points.
A fault beyond 100% of the protected line can cause overreach unless the reach is reduced significantly, sometimes as low
as 65% of the line length. If the line being protected does not have a significant interaction with an adjacent circuit, then
the typical 80% setting can be used. If there is significant mutual coupling between the parallel lines, then the mutual
compensation feature of the ground distance elements can be used instead of a drastic reduction in the reach.
However, even in this case, there is more uncertainty compared with the phase distance elements because the zero-
sequence impedance of the line and thus the zero-sequence-compensating factors can vary significantly due to weather
and other conditions.

To ensure that zone 2 can see 100% of the line, inter-circuit mutual effects must be considered, as they can contribute to a
significant under-reach. Typically this occurs on double circuit lines, when both lines carry the same current. Conduct an
analytical study to determine the appropriate reach setting.
The main purpose of this element is to operate for faults beyond the reach of the local zone 1 element, and therefore a
time delay must be used similar to the phase fault case.

This remote back up function must have a reach that is set to account for any infeed at the remote bus, plus the
impedance of the longest line that terminates on this remote bus. Similar to the phase fault case, a zone 3 element must
be time coordinated with timed clearances on the next section.

As a further contribution to a remote backup philosophy, the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at
the remote bus. The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on the next line. The use of a lens
characteristic or load encroachment element is advantageous when load limits are a problem. To avoid extremely large
reach settings the D30 has the ability to implement any element, so that it is reverse looking. This strategy can be
beneficial if the reduced reach enhances the discrimination between the load and fault conditions. When adopted, this
approach must be implemented at both ends of the protected line.

An additional fifth ground distance zone can be used in special applications. This zone can be the start zone for arming
tripping from all other zones, in both forward and reverse directions of the of protected line. This zone can also be used as
an additional reverse-looking zone for implementation of two reverse-looking zones, thus providing two zone backup
reverse-looking protection. The fifth distance zone can be used as an alarm zone, indicating that load impedance is
approaching the zone characteristic.
8
8.3 Series compensated lines
8.3.1 Overview
It is recommended to apply a combination of distance, ground directional overcurrent, and high-set overcurrent functions
for protection of series compensated lines.
The setting rules described below must take into account variety of system configurations, particularly a status of series
capacitors (in-service, by-passed). Either consider the worst-case topology or, if possible, apply adaptive settings through
the multiple settings groups mechanism.

SERIES COMPENSATED LINES CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
A line compensating capacitor is a bank of three physical capacitors and their overvoltage protecting devices (air gaps
and/or MOVs). If none of the MOV/gaps conducts any significant current, the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence
reactance of the three-phase bank equal the reactance of the actual (phase) capacitors. Under asymmetrical conditions,
however, such as a single line to ground fault, when only one MOV/gap can operate, the series capacitor bank creates
extra (series) asymmetry in addition to the fault (shunt) asymmetry. The positive-, negative- and zero-sequence
impedances differ from each other and do not equal the impedance of the phase capacitors. Moreover, there can be
mutual coupling between the sequence networks representing the series capacitor bank. This makes analytical analysis of
fault conditions burdensome. For setting calculations, however, it is justified to assume the zero-, positive-, and negative-
sequence reactance of the capacitor bank equal the reactance of the actual (phase) capacitors. This represents a worst-
case low-current fault scenario, when the steady-state effects of series compensation are most weighty.
8.3.2 Distance
Traditionally, the reach setting of an underreaching distance function is set based on the net inductive impedance
between the potential source of the relay and the far-end busbar, or location for which the zone must not overreach. Faults
behind series capacitors on the protected and adjacent lines need to be considered for this purpose. For further
illustration, a sample system shown in the figure is considered.
Figure 8-2: Sample series-compensated system
Assuming 20% security margin, the underreaching zone is set as follows.

At the Sending Bus, consider an external fault at F1 because the 5 Ω capacitor contributes to the overreaching effect. Any
fault behind F1 is less severe as extra inductive line impedance increases the apparent impedance:
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 3 – 5) = 1.6 Ω if the line-side (B) VTs are used
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 4 – 3 – 5) = –1.6 Ω if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
The negative value means that an underreaching zone cannot be used as the circuit between the potential source of the
relay and an external fault for which the relay must not pick-up, is overcompensated, for example capacitive.
At the Receiving Bus, consider a fault at F2:
Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 4 – 2) = 3.2 Ω if the line-side (B) VTs are used
8 Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 – 4 – 3 – 2) = 0.8 Ω if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
Practically, however, to cope with the effect of sub-synchronous oscillations, one can need to reduce the reach even more.
As the characteristics of sub-synchronous oscillations are in complex relations with fault and system parameters, no solid
setting recommendations are given with respect to extra security margin for sub-synchronous oscillations. It is strongly
recommended to use a power system simulator to verify the reach settings or to use an adaptive D30 feature for dynamic
reach control.
If the adaptive reach control feature is used, set the PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL setting accordingly.
This setting is a sum of the overvoltage protection levels for all the series capacitors located between the relay potential
source and the far-end busbar, or location for which the zone must not overreach. The setting is entered in pu of the phase
VT nominal voltage (RMS, not peak value).

CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
If a minimum fault current level (phase current) is causing a voltage drop across a given capacitor that prompts its air gap
to flash over or its MOV to carry practically all the current, then the series capacitor is excluded from the calculations (the
capacitor is immediately by-passed by its overvoltage protection system and does not cause any overreach problems).
If a minimum fault current does not guarantee an immediate capacitor by-pass, then the capacitor must be included in
the calculation: its overvoltage protection level, either air gap flash-over voltage or MOV knee-point voltage, is used (RMS,
not peak value).
Assuming none of the series capacitors in the sample system is guaranteed to get by-passed, the following calculations
apply.
For the Sending Bus:
0.5 + 0.7 = 1.2 pu if the line-side (B) VTs are used
0.6 + 0.5 + 0.7 = 1.8 pu if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
For the Receiving Bus:
0.6 + 0.5 = 1.1 pu if the line-side (B) VTs are used
0.6 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 1.6 pu if the bus-side (A) VTs are used
8.3.3 Ground directional overcurrent

Ground directional overcurrent function (negative-sequence or neutral) uses an offset impedance to guarantee correct
fault direction discrimination. The following setting rules apply:
• If the net impedance between the potential source and the local equivalent system is inductive, then there is no need
for an offset. Otherwise, the offset impedance shall be at least the net capacitive reactance.
• The offset cannot be higher than the net inductive reactance between the potential source and the remote equivalent
system. For simplicity and extra security, the far-end busbar can be used rather than the remote equivalent system.
As the ground directional functions are meant to provide maximum fault resistance coverage, it is justified to assume that
the fault current is very low and none of the series capacitors is guaranteed to get by-passed. Consider settings of the
negative-sequence directional overcurrent protection element for the Sample Series Compensated System.
For the Sending Bus relay, bus-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from the relay into the local system = –2 + 3 = 1 Ω > 0; there is no need for offset
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = –4 + 10 – 3 = 3 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 3 Ω
• It is recommended to use 1.5 Ω offset impedance
For the Sending Bus relay, line-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = –2 + 3 – 4 = –3 Ω < 0; an offset impedance ≥3 Ω must be used
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 – 3 = 7 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 7 Ω
• It is recommended to use 5 Ω offset impedance
For the Receiving Bus relay, bus-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = –5 + 7 = 2 Ω > 0; there is no need for offset
•
•
Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = –3 + 10 – 4 = 3 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 3 Ω
It is recommended to use 1.5 Ω offset impedance
8
For the Receiving Bus relay, line-side VTs:
• Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = –3 – 5 + 7 = –1 Ω < 0; an offset impedance ≥1 Ω must be used
• Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 – 4 = 6 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 6 Ω
• It is recommended to use 3.5 Ω offset impedance
8.3.4 High-set phase overcurrent

The setting rules for high-set overcurrent protection are explained in the High-Set Overcurrent Elements section.

PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
8.4 Phase distance through power transformers

8.4.1 Phase distance protection
8.4.1.1 Description
Phase distance elements of the D30 can be set to respond to faults beyond any three-phase power transformer. The relay
guarantees accurate reach and targeting for any phase fault. Moreover, the current and voltage transformers can be
located independently on different sides of the transformer.
The following setting rules apply to this feature:
• A given distance zone is terminated by location of the VTs, not the CTs
• Consequently, the positive-sequence impedance of a transformer must be included in the reach setting only if the
transformer is located between the potential source and the intended reach point
• The current signals require compensation if the transformer is located between the CTs and the intended reach point.
If this is the case, set the CT connection setting to transformer connection and vector group as seen from the CTs
toward the reach point. Otherwise, set the CT connection setting to "None."
• The voltage signals require compensation if the transformer is located between the VTs and the intended reach point.
If this is the case, set the VT connection setting to transformer connection and vector group as seen from the VTs
toward the reach point. Otherwise, set the VT connection setting to "None."
• The reach setting is entered in secondary ohms and as such must take into account location and ratios of VTs and CTs,
as well as voltage ratio of the involved power transformer
The following equations explain the setting rules. Consider two applications as shown in the figure.
Figure 8-3: Phase distance protection looking through a power transformer
8 where
ZX = intended reach impedance for Zone 1 (primary ohms)
ZH = intended reach impedance for Zone 3 (primary ohms)
ZT = positive-sequence impedance of the transformer
VX, VH = transformer rated voltages
nCT = transformation ratio of the CTs
nVT = transformation ratio of the VTs
Z1: Z1 reach setting (secondary ohms)
Z3: Zone 3 reach setting (secondary ohms)

CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS
8.4.1.2 Zone 1 setting in application A

As the transformer is located between the potential source and the reach point for Zone 1, the reach impedance must
include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. In addition, the primary impedance must be re-calculated for
the voltage level of the VTs and CTs, and eventually, re-calculated to secondary quantities:
Eq. 8-4
8.4.1.3 Zone 3 setting in application A

As the transformer is not located between the potential source and the reach point for Zone 3, the reach impedance must
not include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. Because both VTs and CTs are located on the same side
as the intended reach point, no correction for the transformer ratio is required. The primary impedance must be only re-
calculated to secondary quantities:
Eq. 8-5
8.4.1.4 Zone 1 setting in application B

As the transformer is not located between the potential source and the reach point for Z1, the reach impedance must not
include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. The CTs are located on the other side of the transformer, thus
transformer ratio must be included:
Eq. 8-6
8.4.1.5 Zone 3 setting in application B

As the transformer is located between the potential source and the reach point for Zone 3, the reach impedance must
include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. The VTs are located on the other side of the transformer, thus
transformer ratio must be included:
Eq. 8-7
8.4.2 Example
Given the following for the system shown in the previous section:
ZX = 30 Ω ∠85° (intended reach of Zone 1)
8
ZH = 0.06 Ω ∠88° (intended reach of Zone 3)
nCT = 8000:5 = 1600 (located at H)
nVT = 315000:120 = 2625 (located at X)
Transformer: 13.8/315 kV, 150 MVA, 10%, delta/wye, 315 kV side lagging 30°
Transformer impedance:
Eq. 8-8

PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS CHAPTER 8: APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
The Zone 1 settings are:
Eq. 8-9
PHS DIST Z1 REACH: "0.80"

PHS DIST Z1 RCA: "85"
PHS DIST Z1 XMFR VOL CONNECTION: "None"
PHS DIST Z1 XMFR CUR CONNECTION: "Dy1"
The Zone 3 settings are:
Eq. 8-10
PHS DIST Z3 REACH: "2.60"

PHS DIST Z3 RCA: "89"
PHS DIST Z3 XMFR VOL CONNECTION: "Yd11"
PHS DIST Z3 XMFR CUR CONNECTION: "None"

Chapter 9: Theory of operation
Theory of operation
This chapter outlines advanced information on operation.
9.1 Distance elements

9.1.1 Overview
The distance elements use memory voltage for polarization. Additional supervising functions — different for ground and
phase distance zones — complement a classical mho characteristic to enhance directional integrity and reach accuracy.
Note the following:
• To avoid overreaching during resistive faults under heavy pre-fault load conditions, the ground distance elements
utilize a load-adaptive (zero-sequence polarized) reactance characteristic to supervise the base mho characteristic
• Both negative and zero-sequence currents are compared with the memory voltage to enhance directional integrity of
the ground distance elements
• It is well-known that ground distance elements, as per the principle of distance relaying, can have limited accuracy
during double-line-to-ground faults. In order to prevent maloperation in such cases, the ground elements are blocked
by an extra “fault-type comparator” that utilizes the phase angle between the negative- and zero-sequence currents.
• The phase distance elements use reactance and memory polarized directional characteristics to supervise the mho
characteristic
• Both ground and phase distance elements have the current supervision functions built-in
The quadrilateral distance characteristic uses the reactance, directional, and current supervising functions as described.
Right and left blinders adjustable as to both the resistive and angular positions complete the characteristic.
See the Distance Characteristics section for more information regarding the distance characteristics. The Distance
Elements Analysis section includes an example of analysis of the steady-state operation of the distance elements.
The relay provides five zones of distance protection. All zones are identical in terms of settings. However, zone 1 has extra
adaptive mechanisms built-in to enhance the transient reach accuracy even when the voltage signals are supplied from
poor quality voltage sources such as capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs). Ground zones 2 through 5, in turn, have an
extra zero-sequence directional supervision implemented for their time-delayed operation after the memory expires.
Consequently, zone 1 is recommended as an underreaching element, and zones 2 through 5 are recommended as
overreaching elements and for time-delayed tripping.
The relay uses offset ground directional overcurrent functions as an optional supplement of the ground distance
protection for pilot-aided schemes. The Ground Directional Overcurrent section describes the elements.

DISTANCE ELEMENTS CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION
The relay provides for an adaptive distance reach control to cope with the overreaching and sub-synchronous oscillations
when applied to, or in a near vicinity of series compensated lines. The Application on Series Compensated Lines section
has information.
The distance elements use phase angle comparators to shape their characteristics as described in the Distance
Characteristics section. The voltage and current phasors are estimated using optimized techniques as explained in the
next section.
9.1.2 Phasor estimation

The relay samples its input AC signals at 64 samples per power system cycle. A fast and accurate frequency tracking
mechanism ensures accurate filtering and phasor estimation during off-nominal frequency conditions.
The phasor estimation process for both currents and voltages is based on the commonly used Fourier algorithm. Due to a
different nature of signal distortions in the current and voltage signals digital pre-filtering algorithms have been, however,
designed and optimized separately for the current and voltage channels.
The current signals are pre-filtered using an improved digital MIMIC filter. The filter removes effectively the DC
component(s) guaranteeing transient overshoot below 2% regardless of the initial magnitude and time constant of the DC
component(s). The filter has significantly better frequency response for higher frequencies as compared with a classical
MIMIC filter. This was possible without introducing any significant phase delay thanks to the high sampling rate used by
the relay.
The voltage signals are pre-filtered using a special digital filter designed to cope with CVT transients. The patented filter
combines filtering and memory actions enabling the relay to cope with CVT noise under high Source Impedance Ratios
(SIRs). The filter controls underestimation of the fault voltage magnitude to less than 1% of the nominal and prevents
certain phase angle anomalies that can be encountered under heavy CVT noise and high SIRs.
9.1.3 Distance characteristics
9.1.3.1 Definitions
The relay shapes its distance characteristics using phase angle comparators and voltage and current phasors estimated
as described in the previous section.
The following definitions pertain to all of the distance functions:
• IA , IB, IC — Phase A, B, and C current phasors
• IG — Ground current from a parallel line
• VA , VB, VC — Phase A to ground, phase B to ground, and phase C to ground voltage phasors
• ( )_1 — Positive-sequence phasor of ( ) derived from the phase quantities
• ( )_2 — Negative-sequence phasor of ( ) derived from the phase quantities
• ( )_0 — Zero-sequence phasor of ( ) derived from the phase quantities
• ( )M — Memorized value of ( )
• Z — Reach impedance (REACH ∠ RCA)
• ZREV — Reverse reach impedance for non-directional applications (REV REACH ∠ REV REACH RCA + 180°)
• ZD — Directional characteristic impedance (1 ∠ DIR RCA)
• ZR — Right blinder characteristic impedance: ZR = RGT BLD × sin (RGT BLD RCA) × 1∠ (RGT BLD RCA – 90°)
• ZL — Left blinder characteristic impedance: ZL = LFT BLD × sin (LFT BLD RCA) × 1∠ (LFT BLD RCA + 90°)
9 • K0 — Zero-sequence compensating factor: K0 = (Z0/Z1 MAG ∠ Z0/Z1 ANG) – 1
• K0M — Mutual zero-sequence compensating factor: K0M = 1/3 x Z0M/Z1 MAG ∠ Z0m/Z1 ANG
• Θ — Non-homogeneity angle setting (NON-HOMOGEN ANG)
9.1.3.2 Directional mho characteristic

The dynamic 100% memory polarized mho characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION DISTANCE ELEMENTS
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) and (VA – VB)_1M

• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × Z – (VB – VC) and (VB – VC)_1M
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × Z – (VC – VA) and (VC – VA)_1M
• A ground element — IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA and VA_1M
• B ground element — IB × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VB and VB_1M
• C ground element — IC × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VC and VC_1M
The limit angle of the comparator is adjustable, enabling the user to shape the characteristic as an mho or a lens as shown
in the figure. As explained in the Memory Polarization section, the memory-polarized mho characteristic has an excellent
directional integrity built-in.
Figure 9-1: Mho (left) and lens (right) characteristics
9.1.3.3 Non-directional mho characteristic

The non-directional mho characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) and (VA – VB) – (IA – IB) × ZREV
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × Z – (VB – VC) and (VB – VC) – (IB – IC) × ZREV
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × Z – (VC – VA) and (VC – VA) – (IC – IA) × ZREV
• A ground element — IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA and VA – (IA × ZREV + I_0 × K0 × ZREV + IG × K0M × ZREV)
• B ground element — IB × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VB and VB – (IB × ZREV + I_0 × K0 × ZREV + IG × K0M × ZREV)
• C ground element — IC × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VC and VC – (IC × ZREV + I_0 × K0 × ZREV + IG × K0M × ZREV)
9.1.3.4 Mho reactance characteristic for directional applications

The reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × Z
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × Z – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × Z
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × Z – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × Z
• A ground element — IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA and I_0 × Z
• B ground element — IB × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VB and I_0 × Z
• C ground element — IC × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VC and I_0 × Z
If the mho characteristic is selected, the limit angle of the comparator is adjustable concurrently with the limit angle of the
mho characteristic, resulting in a tent shape complementing the lens characteristic being effectively applied.
9
9.1.3.5 Quadrilateral reactance characteristic for directional applications
The quadrilateral reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × Z

• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × Z – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × Z

• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × Z – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × Z
• A ground element — IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA and (j × I_0 or j × I_2A) × ejΘ
• B ground element — IB × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VB and (j × I_0 or j × I_2B) × ejΘ
• C ground element — IC × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VC and (j × I_0 or j × I_2C) × ejΘ
The ground elements are polarized from either zero-sequence or negative-sequence current as per user-settings to
maximize performance in non-homogenous systems. The polarizing current is additionally shifted by the user-selectable
non-homogeneity correction angle.
9.1.3.6 Reverse quadrilateral reactance characteristic for non-directional applications

The reverse quadrilateral reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × ZREV – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × ZREV
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × ZREV – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × ZREV
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × ZREV – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × ZREV
• A ground element — (IA × ZREV + I_0 × K0 × ZREV + IG × K0M × ZREV – VA and (j × I_0 or j × I_2A) × ej(180 + Θ)
• B ground element — (IB × ZREV + I_0 × K0 × ZREV + IG × K0M × ZREV – VB and (j × I_0 or j × I_2B) × ej(180 + Θ)
• C ground element — (IC × ZREV + I_0 × K0 × ZREV + IG × K0M × ZREV – VC and (j × I_0 or j × I_2C) × ej(180 + Θ)
The ground elements are polarized from either zero-sequence or negative-sequence current as per user-settings to
maximize performance in non-homogenous systems. The polarizing current is additionally shifted by the user-selectable
non-homogeneity correction angle.
9.1.3.7 Directional characteristic

The directional characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × ZD and (VA – VB)_1M
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × ZD and (VB – VC)_1M
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × ZD and (VC – VA)_1M
• A ground element — I_0 × ZD and VA_1M
IA_2 × ZD and VA_1M
• B ground element — I_0 × ZD and VB_1M
IB_2 × ZD and VB_1M
• C ground element — I_0 × ZD and VC_1M
IC_2 × ZD and VC_1M
The characteristic and limit angles of the directional comparator are adjustable independently from the mho and
reactance comparators. The directional characteristic improves directional integrity of the distance functions.
9.1.3.8 Right blinder characteristic

The right blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the following signals:
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × ZR – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × ZR
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × ZR – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × ZR
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × ZR – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × ZR
9 • A ground element — IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VA and IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR
• B ground element — IB × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VB and IB × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR
• C ground element — IC × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VC and IC × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR
The blinders apply to the Quad characteristic only.

9.1.3.9 Left blinder characteristic

The left blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the following signals:
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) × ZL – (VA – VB) and (IA – IB) × ZL
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) × ZL – (VB – VC) and (IB – IC) × ZL
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) × ZL – (VC – VA) and (IC – IA) × ZL
• A ground element — IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL – VA and IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL
• B ground element — IB × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL – VB and IB × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL
• C ground element — IC × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL – VC and IC × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL
The blinders apply to the Quad characteristic only.
9.1.3.10 Fault-type characteristic

The fault-type supervision applies to ground and phase elements and is achieved as follows.
For ground elements by checking the angle between
• A ground element — I_0 and IA_2
• B ground element — I_0 and IB_2
• C ground element — I_0 and IC_2
The limit angle of the comparator is not adjustable and equals 50°. The fault-type characteristic is intended to block the
ground distance elements during double-line-to-ground faults. The fault-type supervision is suppressed during open pole
conditions.
For phase elements, first voltages and then currents are checked to ensure permission to phase distance for any types of
faults except SLG faults. First, the SLG fault type is determined by detecting one phase voltage depressed while two others
are not by using the following equation.
SLG = (VA_LOW & NOT VB_LOW & NOT VC_LOW) OR
(NOT VA_LOW & VB_LOW & NOT VC_LOW) OR
(NOT VA_LOW & NOT VB_LOW & VC_LOW) Eq. 9-1
where VA_LOW = |V_A + V_0| < 0.98 *|VBC| / , similarly for B and C phases.
Additionally, the multi-phase fault is determined if at least two phase voltages are below 85% of the nominal:
M-PH = (VA < 0.85pu & VB < 0.85 pu) OR (VB < 0.85pu & VC < 0.85pu) OR (VC < 0.85 pu & VA < 0.85 pu) Eq. 9-2
Permission is always granted to phase distance by setting FLGAB, FLGBC, and FLGCA flags to logic '1,' unless the following
condition is satisfied:
PKP_I0 & PKP_I2 & SLG & NOT M-PH Eq. 9-3
meaning that if there are negative- and zero-sequence currents present in the fault signal, voltage signatures indicate the
presence of the SLG fault and not a multi-phase fault. If at least one of these conditions is not satisfied, permission
continues to be granted to all phase distance loops.
But in case this condition is satisfied, angles between I_0 and I_2 are additionally checked to still grant permission to the
phase distance loops, shown as follows for the ABC rotation:
If | ang(I_0) - ang(I_2) + 120° | < 70°, then FLGAB = 1
If | ang(I_0) - ang(I_2)+240° | < 70°, then FLGCA = 1
If | ang(I_0) - ang(I_2) | < 70°, then FLGBC = 1
Phase distance fault type supervision is suppressed during open pole conditions and for delta connected VTs.
Phase distance fault type supervision can be enabled/disabled through SETTINGS  GROUPED ELEMENTS  SETTING 9
GROUP 1(6)  DISTANCE  PH DIST PH SELECT SUPV and is applied to phase distance zone 1 to zone 3 only. G60 and L60
relays do not employ fault type supervision for the phase distance in all zones.
9.1.3.11 Zero-sequence directional characteristic

The extra zero-sequence characteristic applies to ground zones 2 and higher and is achieved by checking angles between:

• A ground element — I_0 × ZD and –V_0

• B ground element — I_0 × ZD and –V_0
• C ground element — I_0 × ZD and –V_0
The limit angle of the comparator is not adjustable and equals 90°. The zero-sequence directional characteristic improves
directional integrity for time-delayed operations after the memory expires.
9.1.3.12 Overcurrent supervision

The overcurrent supervision responds to the following currents:
• AB phase element — (IA – IB) /
• BC phase element — (IB – IC) /
• CA phase element — (IC – IA) /
• A, B, C ground element — | 3 × I_0 – 0.05 × I_1 |
The following tables summarize the characteristics of the distance elements.
Table 9-1: Directional mho phase distance functions
Characteristic Comparator inputs Limit angle
Variable mho I×Z–V V_1M COMP LIMIT
Reactance I×Z–V I×Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Fault type NOT SLG See the Fault Type Characteristic section Removed during open pole conditions
Table 9-2: Directional mho ground distance functions

Variable mho I×Z–V V_1M COMP LIMIT
Reactance I×Z–V I_0 × Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I_0 × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Fault-type I_0 I_2 50°
Zero-sequence I_0 × ZD –V_0 90°
Table 9-3: Directional quadrilateral phase distance functions

Reactance I×Z–V I×Z COMP LIMIT
Directional I × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Right Blinder I × ZR – V I × ZR 90°
Left Blinder I × ZL – V I × ZL 90°
Table 9-4: Directional quadrilateral ground distance functions

jΘ
Reactance I×Z–V j × I_0 × e or j × I_2 COMP LIMIT
× ejΘ
9 Directional I_0 × ZD V_1M DIR COMP LIMIT
Zero-sequence I_0 × ZD –V_0 90°

Table 9-5: Non-directional mho phase distance functions

Offset mho I×Z–V V-I × ZREV COMP LIMIT
Table 9-6: Non-directional mho ground distance functions

Offset mho I×Z–V V-I × ZREV COMP LIMIT
Table 9-7: Non-directional quadrilateral phase distance functions

Forward Reactance I×Z–V I×Z COMP LIMIT
Reverse Reactance I × ZREV – V I × ZREV COMP LIMIT
Table 9-8: Non-directional quadrilateral ground distance functions

Forward Reactance I×Z–V j × I_0 × ejΘ or j × I_2 COMP LIMIT
× ejΘ
Reverse Reactance I × ZREV – V –j × I_0 × ejΘ or –j × COMP LIMIT
I_2 × ejΘ
9.1.4 Fast distance algorithm

In order to improve operating speed of the phase and ground distance zone 1 and zone 2 elements under CVT transient
conditions for high SIRs up to 60, a fast distance algorithm is implemented in the relay. This algorithm uses a weighted
average digital filtering technique and runs in parallel with a regular distance algorithm, which uses a fixed digital CVT
filtering technique. The fast distance algorithm applies the same comparators as a regular distance algorithm.
The fast distance algorithm is activated upon detection of the system disturbance and is active for three cycles only. The
pickup and operate operands of the fast distance elements are internally OR-ed with regular distance elements, to achieve
integrated distance element optimal operating speed.
Note that fast distance is not active for the following applications:
• Use of the dynamic reach control for series-compensated line applications by selecting a non-zero value for the
voltage level setting in the Distance elements
• Non-directional option for the zone 1 and 2 Direction setting
• Phase Distance applications through power transformers, when the XFMR VOL CONNECTION or XFMR CUR
CONNECTION setting is other than "None"
9
9.1.5 Memory polarization
All distance functions use memory polarization. The positive-sequence voltage, either memorized or actual, is used as a
polarizing signal. The memory is established when the positive-sequence voltage remains above 80% of its nominal value
for five power system cycles. The memory voltage is a two-cycle old voltage.

Once established, the memory is applied for the user-specified time interval. The memory timer is started when the
voltage drops below 80% of nominal or when the user-programmable condition is asserted to force memory polarization.
After the memory expires, the relay checks the magnitude of the actual positive-sequence voltage. If it is higher than 10%
of nominal, the actual voltage is used; if lower, the memory voltage continues to be used.
A provision is added to force self-polarization from any user-programmable condition.
The memory-polarized mho has an extra directional integrity built-in as shown in the figure. The self-polarized mho
characteristic is shifted in the reverse direction for a forward fault by an amount proportional to the source impedance,
and in the forward direction for a reverse fault.
Figure 9-2: Dynamic shift of the mho characteristic
The same desirable effect of memory polarization applies to the directional comparator of the quadrilateral characteristic.
Figure 9-3: Dynamic shift of the memory-polarized directional characteristic

Mutual zero-sequence compensation can raise concerns regarding directional integrity on reverse faults in the situation
when the relay gets "overcompensated." This problem does not affect the D30 because its ground distance elements use
zero-sequence and negative-sequence currents in extra directional comparators. Both the currents are from the protected
line and are not affected by any compensation as the latter applies only to the reach defining comparators: the mho,
reactance, and blinder characteristics.
9.1.6 Distance elements analysis
9.1.6.1 Description
This subsection shows how to analyze the operation of the distance elements in steady states using the results of short
circuit studies. All quantities are secondary ohms, volts, and amperes. Ground phase A and phase AB distance elements
are analyzed.
Assume that the following settings have been entered:
Phase Rotation: ABC
Right Blinder Reach: 10 Ω
Nominal Secondary Voltage: 69.28 V
Right Blinder RCA: 88°
Distance Reach: 14 Ω
Left Blinder Reach: 5 Ω
Distance RCA: 88°
Left Blinder RCA: 88°
Polarizing Current: Zero-sequence
Non-Homogeneity Correction Angle: 3°
Directional RCA: 88°
Z0/Z1 Magnitude: 4.55
Overcurrent supervision: 3 A
Z0/Z1 Angle: –12°
Distance Comparator limit angle: 75°
Z0M/Z1 Magnitude: 0
Directional Comparator limit angle: 75°
Assume that the following signals are injected to the relay:
VA = 64.71 V ∠0.0° (pre-fault)
VA = 25.43 V ∠–19.9°
VB = 80.22 V ∠–133.5°
VC = 77.33 V ∠135.7°
IA = 4.47 A ∠–107.8°
IB = 2.92 A ∠68.9°
IC = 2.93 A ∠–51.1°
Based on the entered setting the relay calculates:
K0 = 3.58 ∠–15.2°
K0M = 0
Z = 14.00 Ω ∠88°
ZD = 1 Ω ∠88°
9
ZR = 9.99 Ω ∠−2°
ZL = 4.99 Ω ∠178°
For the assumed steady-state injection the relay calculates:
VA_1 = 58.83 V ∠–2.1°
VA_1M = 64.71 V ∠0.0°

I_0 = 1.37 A ∠–68.2°

IA_2 = 1.37 A ∠–68.1°
–V_0 = 29.18 V ∠8.4°
(VA–VB)_1 = 93.35 V ∠32.0°
(VA–VB)_1M = 112.08 V ∠30.0°
IA–IB = 7.39 A ∠–109.1°
9.1.6.2 Mho phase A to ground element (before memory expires)

IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IA × K0M × Z – VA = 103.33 V ∠–3.9°
VA_1M = 64.71 V ∠0.0°
IA_2 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × Z = 19.11 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
• Overcurrent supervision: | 3 × I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A
• Mho difference angle = | –3.9° – 0° | = 3.9° < 75°
• Reactance difference angle = | –3.9° – 19.8° | = 23.7° < 75°
• Zero-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8° – 19.8° | = 0.0° < 50°
All four comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied, so the MHO phase A ground element operates for this
fault.
9.1.6.3 Mho phase A to ground element (after memory expires)

After the memory expires, the relay checks the actual positive-sequence voltage and compares it with 10% of the nominal
voltage:
| VA_1 | = 58.83 V > 0.1 × 69.28 V
After the memory expires the relay uses the actual voltage for polarization.
IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA = 103.33 V ∠–3.9°
VA_1 = 58.83 V ∠–2.1°
IA_2 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × Z = 19.11 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
• Overcurrent supervision = | 3 × I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A
• Mho difference angle = | –3.9° – (–2.1°) | = 1.8° < 75°
• Zero-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – (–2.1°) | = 21.9° < 75°
• Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8° – (–2.1°) | = 21.9° < 75°
All four comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied, so the Zone 1 MHO phase A ground element operates
9 for this fault.
• Zero-sequence directional difference angle for zones 2 and higher (phase A) = | 19.8° – 8.4° | = 11.4° < 90°
Zones 2 and higher phase A ground elements pick-up, time-out, and operate.
9.1.6.4 Mho AB phase element

(IA – IB) × Z – (VA – VB) = 88.65 V ∠–78.7°

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS
(VA – VB)_1M = 112.08 V ∠30.0°

(IA – IB) × Z = 103.50 V ∠–21.2°
(IA – IB) × ZD = 7.39 V ∠–21.2°
• Overcurrent supervision: | (IA – IB) / | = 4.27 A > 3 A
• Mho difference angle = | –78.7° – 30.0° | = 108.7° > 75°
• Reactance difference angle = | –78.7° – (–21.2°) | = 57.5° < 75°
• Directional difference angle = | –21.2° – 30.0° | = 51.2° < 75°
The mho comparator is not satisfied, so the MHO AB phase element does not operate for this fault.
Repeating this analysis, one concludes that out of the six distance elements only the ground element in phase A operates
for this fault.
9.1.6.5 Quad phase A to ground element (before memory expires)

IA × Z + I_0 × K0 × Z + IG × K0M × Z – VA = 103.33 V ∠–3.9°
VA_1M = 64.71 V ∠0.0°
j × I_0 × ej3 = 1.37 A ∠24.8°
IA_2 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
I_0 × ZD = 1.37 V ∠19.8°
IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR + IG × K0M × ZR – VA = 87.6 V ∠–109.2°
IA × ZR + I_0 × K0 × ZR = 91.5 V ∠–93.0°
IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL + IG × K0M × ZL– VA = 57.0 V ∠108.7°
IA × ZL + I_0 × K0 × ZL = 45.8 V ∠82.9°
• Overcurrent supervision: | 3 × I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A
• Zero-sequence difference angle = | –19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | –19.8° – 0.0° | = 19.8° < 75°
• Right blinder difference angle = | –93.0° – (–109.2°) | = 16.2° < 90°
• Left blinder difference angle = | 82.9° – 108.7° | = 25.8° < 90°
All six comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied, so the Quad Phase A ground element operates for this
fault.
9.2 Phase distance applied to power transformers

9.2.1 Description
As a Wye-Delta transformer introduces discontinuity for the zero-sequence circuit, the ground distance protection cannot
be applied, except special circumstances, to respond to faults behind the transformer.
The phase distance elements, however, can be developed so that both accurate reach and correct fault phase
identification is retained for faults behind the power transformer as seen from the relaying point. Without appropriate
compensation, the reach of the relay depends on a type of fault, creating considerable difficulties in applying the relay.
9
The D30 provides for any location of the VTs and CTs with respect to the involved power transformer and the direction of
any given zone.
In the following equations, the VT and CT locations are referenced as “None” if the transformer is not present between the
CT/VT and the intended reach point. Otherwise, the location is to be selected as a type of a transformer as seen from the
VT/CT position towards the intended reach point. The following figure explains the adopted rules.

PHASE DISTANCE APPLIED TO POWER TRANSFORMERS CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION
Figure 9-4: Applications of the "PHS DIST XF MR VOL/CUR CONNECTION" settings

Table 9-9: Phase distance input signals for delta-wye transformers


Equations from the “Current Transformation” and “Voltage Transformation” columns are used to derive inputs to the three
(AB, BC, and CA) phase distance elements. For example, if the CTs are located at the delta side of the Delta-Wye 11
transformer, and a given zone is set to look through the transformer into the system connected to the Wye winding, the CT
location setting for that zone is set to Dy11 and the relay uses instead of a traditional IA - IB for the AB phase
distance element.
The current supervision pickup setting applies to the currents specified in the “Current Transformation” columns.
A distance zone originates at the location of the VTs (regardless of the location of the CTs). For information on settings see
the Application of Settings chapter.
9.2.2 Example
Consider the system shown.
Figure 9-5: Sample system configuration
9
Normally, in order to respond to the fault shown in the figure, a distance relay is applied at the relaying point X. The table
outlines the relay input signals at this location.
Table 9-10: Relay input signals at location X
Input Primary Secondary
VA 100.4 kV ∠–7.32° 38.25 V ∠–7.32°


VB 97.23 kV ∠–53.4° 37.04 V ∠–53.4°
VC 181.8 kV ∠–150.0° 69.26 V ∠–150.0°
IA 1.288 kA ∠–27.6° 21.47 A ∠–27.6°
IB 1.288 kA ∠152.4° 21.47 A ∠152.4°
IC 0 0
If installed at the location X, the relay uses the following input signals for its phase AB distance element:
V = VAB = 77.402 kV ∠57.5° primary or 29.49 V ∠57.5° secondary
I = IA – IB = 2.576 kA ∠–27.6° primary or 42.93 A ∠–27.6° secondary
And consequently it sees an apparent impedance of
Zapp = V / I = 30.05 Ω ∠85° primary or 0.687 Ω ∠85° secondary
If applied at location H, the relay sees the following input signals:
Table 9-11: Relay input signals at location H
VA 7.584 kV ∠–5.59° 69.95 V ∠–5.59°
VB 6.269 kV ∠–120.1° 54.52 V ∠–120.1°
VC 7.751 kV ∠125.5° 65.84 V ∠125.5°
IA 16.976 kA ∠–27.6° 10.61 A ∠–27.6°
IB 33.952 kA ∠152.4° 21.22 A ∠152.4°
IC 16.976 kA ∠–27.6° 10.61 A ∠–27.6°
The relay is set as follows:

XFMR VOL CONNECTION = “Dy11”
XFMR CUR CONNECTION = “Dy11”
Consequently, the following signals are applied to the phase AB distance element:
Eq. 9-4
Eq. 9-5
This results in the following apparent impedance:
Eq. 9-6
This value is a correct measure of the distance from the VT location to the fault. For relay location 2, this certainly includes
the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer:
Eq. 9-7
9
Thus, 0.127 Ω ∠90° + 0.05779 Ω ∠85° = 0.1847 Ω ∠88.4° primary side or 2.569 Ω ∠88.4° on the secondary side.
This example illustrates how the relay maintains correct reach for fault behind power transformers. When installed at X,
the relay needs to be set to 0.687 Ω ∠85° secondary in order to reach to the fault shown in the figure. When installed at H,
the relay needs to be set to 2.569 Ω ∠88.4° to ensure exactly same coverage.

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
See the Application of Settings chapter for information on setting calculations.
9.3 Ground directional overcurrent

9.3.1 Description
Consider the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element. As shown, the negative-sequence voltage can be low
during internal fault conditions.
Figure 9-6: Offset impedance augmentation
In order to ensure operation of the element under such circumstances, the angle comparator uses a polarizing voltage
augmented by the negative-sequence current as per following equations:
Forward-looking element:
S_pol = -V_2 + I_2 x Z_offset x 1∠ECA
S_op = I_2 x 1∠ECA Eq. 9-8
Reverse-looking element:
S_pol = -V_2 + I_2 x Z_offset x 1∠ECA
S_op = -I_2 x 1∠ECA Eq. 9-9
Where ECA = forward ECA angle (maximum torque angle) and Z_offset = offset impedance. The effect of the augmentation
for forward and reverse fault is shown in the previous figure. As long as the offset impedance is not higher than the
negative-sequence line impedance, the element ensures correct and fast fault direction identification for both forward and
9
reverse faults. The same principle applies to the neutral directional overcurrent element.

SERIES COMPENSATED LINES CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION
9.3.2 Example
Consider relay input signals as in the Distance Elements Analysis section and assume an offset impedance of 4 Ω and ECA
and limit angles of 88° and 90°, respectively. The relay calculates the following negative-sequence quantities:
V_2 = 6.39 V ∠–159.6°; I_2 = 1.37 A ∠–68.1°; I_1 = 2.94 A ∠–144.2°
and the following signals for the directional unit of the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element:
• Forward-looking element:
S_pol = 11.87 V∠20.2°
S_op = 1.37 V∠20.2°
• Reverse-looking element:
S_pol = 11.87 V∠20.2°
S_op = 1.37 V∠−160.0°
After comparing the angles, a solid forward indication is given.

Assume further the pickup setting of 0.25 A for both forward and reverse directions, and the “Negative-sequence” mode
setting entered for the overcurrent unit of the element. The relay calculates the operating signal using the positive-
sequence restraint:
I_op = |I_2| – |I_1| / 8 = 1.003 A > 0.25 A
The overcurrent unit then picks up and the element operates in the forward direction.
9.4 Series compensated lines

9.4.1 Description
Faults on or in close vicinity of series-compensated lines can create the following problems for distance protection:
• Voltage and/or current inversion can lead to false direction discrimination by directional elements. This can potentially
include both a failure to operate on a forward in-zone fault as well as misoperation on a reverse fault. Both distance
and overcurrent directional elements can be affected.
• Series-capacitors and their overvoltage protection equipment (air gaps and/or Metal-Oxide Varistors) have a steady-
state overreaching effect on the apparent impedance seen by the relay—a forward fault can appear much closer to
the relay as compared with the actual fault location. The apparent impedance can be shifted towards the relay by as
much as the total reactance of the series capacitors placed between the potential source of the relay and the fault
point. This extreme steady-state overreach happens during low-current faults when the air-gaps do not flashover or
the MOVs do not conduct any significant current.
• In addition to the e steady-state overreach effect, sub-synchronous oscillations in both currents and voltages can
cause significant transient overreach
Distance protection elements of the D30 deal with the problem of voltage inversion by using 100% memory polarized
directional comparators. As the memory duration is set longer than the slowest fault clearing time for reverse faults, it is
guaranteed that the distance element does not pick-up on reverse faults if the voltage inversion happens.
9 At the same time, it is guaranteed that the distance elements picks up for all forward faults regardless of any voltage
inversion as long as the memory voltage is used. Before the memory expires, the relay responds to any fault on the
protected line. Stepped distance backup zones operate after the memory voltage expires. But the backup protection
responds to distant faults that do not cause any inversion of the positive-sequence voltage. As a result, the time-delayed
stepped-distance zones are guaranteed to operate.

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
Distance protection elements of the D30 deal with the problem of current inversion by using a multi-input-comparator
approach as described in the Distance Characteristics section. If the current inversion happens, the distance elements are
secure on reverse faults because multiple conditions involving fault-loop, negative-sequence and zero-sequence currents,
and the memory voltage are checked prior to declaring a forward fault.
On close-in forward faults beyond the series capacitors as seen from the relaying point, the current inversion phenomenon
can take place for a short period of time. The condition cannot sustain for a long time as very high fault currents would
occur, causing large voltage drops across the series capacitors and prompting the overvoltage protection of the
capacitors to operate quickly. This effectively removes the series compensation and eliminates the current inversion.
However, when the currents used by distance comparator (fault-loop current for ground and phase distance protection,
and the negative- and zero-sequence currents for ground elements) stay shifted by more than 90 degrees from their
natural fault position determined by the user as the element characteristic angle, the distance elements can fail to pick up
on such a forward fault for the brief period of current inversion. This is an inherent attribute of the 100% memory polarized
mho element, and not a weakness particular to the D30 relay.
Therefore, for dependability, it is recommended to use high-set phase overcurrent protection for direct tripping on close-in
faults potentially causing current inversion, and overreaching ground fault directional overcurrent functions (such as
negative-sequence, ground, or neutral) for communication-aided schemes.
The problem of steady-state overreaching due to the negative reactance of the series capacitors can be addressed in the
D30 in a traditional way by shortening the reach of an underreaching distance elements to the net inductive reactance of
the line between the potential source and the far end busbar(s). This generic approach has two major drawbacks. First, it
leaves large portion of the line uncovered by the directly tripping distance protection. Second, it does not solve the
transient overreaching problem caused by sub-synchronous oscillations.
Therefore, the D30 offers a unique option for dynamic reach control that is effectively based on the magnitude of the
current flowing through the series capacitor bank(s). The underreaching distance functions can be set as for plain
uncompensated line, that is, using the impedance of the line alone, and the relay then controls an effective reach
accordingly using the current magnitude as illustrated in the following figure.
The reach is reduced sufficiently to cope with both steady-state and transient overreach phenomena. For large degrees of
compensation and small-current faults, the transient overreach can be as high as 100%. This means that fast distance
protection is not achievable. The adaptive D30's mechanism guarantees security on external faults. Use overreaching
ground fault directional overcurrent functions (such as negative-sequence, ground, or neutral) for dependability.
Figure 9-7: Dynamic reach control
9
Section (a) of the following figure shows the effect of adaptive reach control for low-current external fault. The reach is
reduced sufficiently to cope with both transient and steady-state overreach. Section (b) shows a high-current external
fault. The air gaps or MOVs conduct the majority of the fault current and neither steady-state nor transient overreach

SERIES COMPENSATED LINES CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION
takes place. The relay does not reduce its reach as it is not necessary. Section (c) shows a high-current internal fault.
Because of the large current, the reach is not reduced and the element responds to this internal fault. Traditional approach
leaves this fault out of the relay reach.
The neutral and negative-sequence directional protection functions of the relay cope with the voltage and/or current
inversions by adding appropriate offset to their polarizing signals as explained in the Ground Directional Overcurrent
section. The offset impedance can always be selected successfully to guarantee correct fault direction discrimination
regardless of the degree of compensation and location of the series capacitors and the potential source.
See the Application of Settings chapter for recommendations on settings for series compensation applications.

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
Figure 9-8: Dynamic reach for internal and external faults

FAULT LOCATOR CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION
9.5 Fault locator

9.5.1 Fault type determination
Fault type determination is required for calculation of fault location. The algorithm uses the angle between the negative
and positive sequence components of the relay currents. To improve accuracy and speed of operation, the fault
components of the currents are used; that is, the pre-fault phasors are subtracted from the measured current phasors. In
addition to the angle relationships, certain extra checks are performed on magnitudes of the negative and zero-sequence
currents.
The single-ended fault location method assumes that the fault components of the currents supplied from the local (A) and
remote (B) systems are in phase. The figure shows an equivalent system for fault location.
Figure 9-9: Equivalent system for fault location
The following equations hold true for this equivalent system.
Eq. 9-10
where
m = sought pu distance to fault
Z = positive sequence impedance of the line
IF = fault current flowing through the fault point
The fault network during a fault can be decomposed into a pre-fault and a pure-fault network. Therefore, the fault current
IF is calculated as follows by using the current division rule in the pure-fault network.
Eq. 9-11
where
d is the current distribution factor, which is a complex value
Substituting the second equation into the first equation and multiplying both sides by the complex conjugate of IAF,
9 Eq. 9-12
where
* denotes complex conjugate

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION FAULT LOCATOR
Assuming the system is homogeneous, d is then a real number. The fault resistance does not have any imaginary part. The
preceding equation solved for the unknown m yields the following fault location algorithm:
Eq. 9-13
where
Im( ) stands for the imaginary part of a complex number
Depending on the fault type, appropriate voltage and current signals are selected from the phase quantities before
applying the preceding equation (the superscripts denote phases, the subscripts denote stations).
For AG faults:
Eq. 9-14
For BG faults:
Eq. 9-15
For CG faults:
Eq. 9-16
For AB and ABG faults:
Eq. 9-17
For BC and BCG faults:
Eq. 9-18
For CA and CAG faults:
Eq. 9-19
where K0 is the zero sequence compensation factor (for the first six equations)
Z0M is the mutual zero sequence impedance
I0M = IG/3 and IG is the ground current of the adjacent line. The I0M compensation term is applied for the entirely parallel
line.
For ABC faults, all three AB, BC, and CA loops are analyzed and the final result is selected based upon consistency of the
results.
The element calculates the distance to the fault (with m in miles or kilometers) and the phases involved in the fault.
The relay allows locating faults from delta-connected VTs. If the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting is set to “None,”
and the VTs are connected in wye, the fault location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs
are connected in delta, fault location is suspended.
9

If the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting value is “V0” and the VTs are connected in a wye configuration, the fault
location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in a delta configuration, fault
location is performed based on the delta voltages and externally supplied neutral voltage:
Eq. 9-20
If the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting value is “I0” and the VTs are connected in a wye configuration, the fault
location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in a delta configuration, fault
location is performed based on the delta voltages and zero-sequence voltage approximated based on the zero-sequence
current:
Eq. 9-21
where ZSYS0 is the equivalent zero-sequence impedance behind the relay as entered under the fault report setting menu.

CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION FAULT LOCATOR
Figure 9-10: Fault locator scheme


Chapter 10: Maintenance
Maintenance
This chapter outlines monitoring, maintenance, repair, storage, and disposal of the hardware and software.
10.1 Monitoring
Devices and data can be monitored.
10.1.1 Devices with Site Targets

To view an overview of devices:
1. Access the Site Targets item in the Online Window area, below the list of devices. It can take a few minutes for all
devices to be read.
2. Acknowledge any messages for unaccessible devices. The Site Targets window opens when done.
Figure 10-1: Site Targets window
10.1.2 Data with Modbus Analyzer

Use the Modbus Analyzer under Maintenance > Modbus Analyzer to monitor the values of the UR device. Use the Modbus
memory map addresses outlined in the UR Family Communications Guide for the entries.
The upper part of the window displays values. The lower part of the window is for factory service use.

MONITORING CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
The first row in the figure shows that Contact Output 1 operation is being monitored. Its Modbus address is CAFA. The
actual value read from the device is 0, which means that it is off.
The second row in the figure shows the Contact Output 1 Name. It has a Modbus address of CAF0 and a default value of
"Cont Op 1." None of Selection column settings render this value because they present the information based on
numbering systems.
Figure 10-2: Modbus Analyzer used to monitor actual values on a UR
Address (HEX) — Modbus address in hexadecimal. See the Modbus memory map in the UR Family Communications Guide
or in the web interface (enter IP address of UR device in a web browser).
Modbus Type
Actual Value — To read the data in the UR device
Setting — To read a setting in the UR device
Coil — To read a command in the UR device
# of — Element, input, or output to read. An example is 1 for Contact Output 1.
Selection (examples demonstrate various ways to represent 0)
Hex — A decimal numbering system based on 16 possible values, from 0 to 9 and A to F. An example is 0x0000.
Char — A single unicode character, such as C. An example is 0.
Int — A 32-bit number, either positive or negative. An example is 0.
UInt — Unsigned 32-bit integer, which means that it cannot be negative but can be twice as large as a signed integer. An
example is 0.
Long — A 64-bit number, either positive or negative. An example is 0.
ULong — Unsigned 64-bit number, which means that it cannot be negative but can be twice as large as a signed 64-bit
number. An example is 0.
Float — A numbering system with no fixed number of digits before or after the decimal point. An example is 0.000000.
Binary — A numbering system using 0 and 1. An example is 0000-0000-0000-0000.
Entries are not saved when closing the window.
10

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE GENERAL MAINTENANCE
10.2 General maintenance

The D30 requires minimal maintenance. As a microprocessor-based relay, its characteristics do not change over time.
Expected service life is 20 years for UR devices manufactured June 2014 or later when applied in a controlled indoors
environment and electrical conditions within specification.
While the D30 performs continual self-tests, it is recommended that maintenance be scheduled with other system
maintenance. This maintenance can involve in-service, out-of-service, or unscheduled maintenance.
10.2.1 In-service maintenance

1. Visual verification of the analog values integrity, such as voltage and current (in comparison to other devices on the
corresponding system).
2. Visual verification of active alarms, relay display messages, and LED indications.
3. LED test.
4. Visual inspection for any damage, corrosion, dust, or loose wires.
5. Event recorder file download with further events analysis.
10.2.2 Out-of-service maintenance

1. Check wiring connections for firmness.
2. Analog values (currents, voltages, RTDs, analog inputs) injection test and metering accuracy verification. Calibrated
test equipment is required.
3. Protection elements setting verification (analog values injection or visual verification of setting file entries against
relay settings schedule).
4. Contact inputs and outputs verification. This test can be conducted by direct change of state forcing or as part of the
system functional testing.
5. Visual inspection for any damage, corrosion, or dust.
6. Event recorder file download with further events analysis.
7. LED Test and pushbutton continuity check.
10.2.3 Unscheduled maintenance (system interruption)

1. View the event recorder and oscillography or fault report for correct operation of inputs, outputs, and elements.
10.3 Retrieve files

Data, oscillography, log, events, routing, ARP, and other files can be downloaded using the EnerVista software. These files
can be requested by technical support staff.
To retrieve a file:
1. If the CyberSentry option is enabled, log in to the EnerVista software using the Administrator role.
2. In the Online Window area of EnerVista, access Maintenance > Retrieve File. The window opens.
3. Note the destination folder to which the file is to be saved at the top and change it if required. You can copy the path
or open the folder for convenience at this time.
4. Select the file to download from the UR device. 10

RETRIEVE FILES CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
5. Click the Read File button. The file is saved to the destination folder. The EnerVista window remains open to download
additional files.
10.3.1 CyberSentry security event files

CyberSentry security events are available in the following two files: SECURITY_EVENTS.CSV and SETTING_CHANGES.LOG.
10.3.1.1 Security events file

The figure shows the content for the SECURITY_EVENTS.CSV file.
Figure 10-3: Security events file
Time — Local time.

Activity — The actual security event.
1 = Authentication Failed
2 = User Lockout
3 = FW Upgrade
4 = FW Lock
5 = Settings Lock
6 = Settings Change, this can fill the entire event log. Hence it is supported by the already existing
SETTINGS_CHANGE.LOG file. This event is not required.
7 = Clear Oscillography command
8 = Clear Data Logger command
9 = Clear Demand Records command
10 = Clear Energy command
11 = Reset Unauthorized Access
12 = Clear Teleprotection Counters
13 = Clear All Records
14 = Role Log out
15 = Role Log in
10.3.1.2 Setting changes file

The SETTING_CHANGES.LOG file stores all the setting changes. A total of 1024 events are stored in a circular buffer in non-
volatile memory.
10

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE COMPARE SETTINGS
Figure 10-4: Setting changes file
10.4 Compare settings

Settings can be compared against default values and between two UR devices.
Some of the IEC 61850 settings use floating point data, which guarantees accurate representation of real numbers up to
seven digits. Numbers with more than seven digits are approximated within a certain precision. This can result in
differences between what is entered and what is saved, and for example results in differences shown on a settings
comparison report.
10.4.1 Compare against defaults

To compare settings against default values:
1. Right-click the device in the Offline Window area and select Compare Settings With Defaults. The file generates and
the number of differences displays.
2. To save the report, click File > Save As, select the TXT, PDF, or CSV format from the drop-down list, and enter a name
for the file.
In the figure, the first entry (red) is from the device, while the second (green) is the default value.
Figure 10-5: Device settings compared with default values
10.4.2 Compare two devices

Preferences can be set under File > Preferences as follows:
• Comparison Report: Sequential File 1, File 2 Layout — When disabled (default), the report shows only what differs, as
shown in the previous figure. When enabled, the report indicates differences by device.
10

BACK UP AND RESTORE SETTINGS CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
Figure 10-6: Device settings compared between two devices, displayed sequentially
There are two ways to compare devices: devices in the Offline area or between Online and Offline devices.
To compare settings of two devices in the Offline Window area:
1. Right-click a first device in the Offline Window area and select Compare Two Devices.
2. In the window that opens, select a second device and click the Receive button. The file generates and the number of
differences displays.
3. To save the report, click File > Save As, select the TXT, PDF, or CSV format from the drop-down list, and enter a name
for the file.
To compare settings between Online and Offline devices:

1. Right-click a device in the Online Window area and select Compare with Device.
2. In the window that opens, enter a path/file name at the bottom o f the window.
3. Select the second device.
4. Click the OK button. The file generates, and the differences are highlighted in red, which is for the first device.
10.5 Back up and restore settings

Back up a copy of the in-service settings for each commissioned UR device, so as to revert to the commissioned settings
after inadvertent, unauthorized, or temporary setting changes are made, after the settings defaulted due to firmware
upgrade, or when the device has to be replaced. This section describes how to backup settings to a file and how to use
that file to restore the settings to the original relay or to a replacement relay.
10.5.1 Back up settings

The following file types can be saved:
• URS — UR settings file — When the IEC 61850 option is not present
• ICD — IED Capability Description file — Default settings on UR
• CID — Configured IED description file — Settings sent to the UR (may or may not contain the present settings)
UR device settings can be saved in a backup URS file using the EnerVista UR Setup software. The URS file is the standard
UR settings file. For an introduction to settings files in the URS format, see the beginning of the Interfaces chapter. When
the IEC 61850 option is present, the settings can be saved alternatively in a backup IID file either using the EnerVista UR
Setup software in online mode or by using any of the supported file transfer protocols. The IID file is one of several IEC
61850 Substation Configuration Language (SCL) file types; see the IEC 61850 chapter in the UR Series Communications
Guide for an introduction to SCL.
"TBD" displays when a setting in a modeled element is configured with a non-modeled operand. For example, Phase IOC is
modeled in a firmware release, while the LED operands are not modeled. If the block setting of the Phase IOC is configured
10 with LED operands, its displays as TBD in IID and CID files, the web interface, or in an MMS client.

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE BACK UP AND RESTORE SETTINGS
The options that display in the EnerVista software when right-clicking depend on device options.
Preferences are set in the File > Preferences > IEC 61850 menu. There are two options as follows:
• Preserve custom attributes when importing SCD/CID files — Applies to the Add Device to Offline Window option.
When enabled, the IID file also is to be copied to the computer. The IID file that is retrieved from the relay is therefore
assumed to be in synchronization with the resulting .urs file, and in fact in this situation the IID file on the computer is
a copy of the IID file that was read from the online device. When disabled, the IID file on the computer is to be left
unchanged. The location of the IID file is C:\ProgramData\GE Power Management\urpc\Offline, for example.
• Do not update IID file when updating SCL files — When enabled (default), an IID file is not to be created on the
computer and if one is already present there, it is neither removed nor updated. Hqve this option enabled when you
want to keep the IID file from the UR device instead of from another tool. The location of the file is C:\ProgramData\GE
Power Management\urpc\Offline, for example.
An Environment backup stores a list of sites and devices in the Online and Offline Window areas. Settings files are not
contained within the environment file. If a settings file is moved, renamed, or deleted after the backup, it is removed from
the Offline Window during the restore.
To save a settings file in the URS format in EnerVista Online Window:

1. In EnerVista, connect to the device in the Online Window area.
2. Right-click the device name in the Online Window area and select Add Device to Offline Window. A window opens.
3. Select or enter a file name and location, and click the Receive button. A .urs file is created in the Offline Window area.
To create a new settings file in the URS format in EnerVista Offline Window:
1. In EnerVista, right-click in the Offline Window area and select New Device. A window opens.
2. Change the file name at the end of the Path field, keeping the .urs extension.
3. From the Associate File with Device drop-down list, select the UR device. Other fields complete automatically.
Otherwise, when you do not select a device from the drop-down list, all fields need to be completed manually and
only devices that match the entered order code and version display in the list.
4. The Serial # Lock field is the serial number of the intended device. It ensures that the settings file is sent only to the
specific relay that matches the serial number.
5. Click the OK button to create the .urs file in the Offline Window area.
To save settings in the IID format in EnerVista Online Window:

2. Right-click the device name in the Online Window area and select Read IID File. The option is not present when the
device does not have the IEC 61850 option. A window opens when successful.
3. Select or enter a file name and location, and click the Receive button. A .iid file is created.
To save settings in the IID format in EnerVista Offline Window:

1. In EnerVista, right-click the device in the Offline Window area.
2. Select the Create IID File option for firmware below 7.3. The option is not always available. Select the Save As option
for firmware 7.3 and later, and select the IID option from drop-down list.
No file is generated. The IID file on the computer is copied to the location specified.
3. If the Do not update IID file when updating SCL files preference is enabled under File > Preferences > IEC 61850,
then a message displays to that effect. This means that there is no IID file available on the computer to be copied, so
a new one is generated.
10

BACK UP AND RESTORE SETTINGS CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
To save settings in the IID format using TFTP:

1. On a computer on the same subnetwork as the UR device, open a command window.
2. Enter
TFTP <IP address> GET ur.iid <destination>
where
<IP address> is the IP address of the UR device
ur.iid is the internal name of the IID file in the UR device
<destination> is the path and file name of the IID file. If omitted, the file is saved as ur.iid in the command window
default directory.
An example is
TFTP 192.168.1.101 GET ur.iid Feeder1.iid
To save settings in the ICD format in EnerVista Online Window:

1. In EnerVista, right-click the device in the Online Window area.
2. Select the Read ICD File option. A window opens.
3. Enter a path/name for the file, and click the Save button.
To save settings in the ICD format in EnerVista Offline Window:

2. Select the Create ICD File option. Or select the Save As option, and select the ICD option from drop-down list.
You can be prompted to specify if the file is for firmware version 7.12 or later.
The file is saved to the location specified.
To save settings in the CID format in EnerVista Online Window:

1. In EnerVista, right-click the device in the Online Window area.
2. Select the Read ICD File option. A window opens.
3. Enter a path/name for the file, and click the Save button.
To save settings in the CID format in EnerVista Offline Window:

2. Select the Save As option, which displays for firmware 7.3 and later, and select the CID option from the drop-down list.
The file is copied from the computer to the location specified.
To save list of sites and devices with an Environment backup:

1. In EnerVista, click File > Environment > Backup. A window opens.
2. Name and save the .ENV file.
10.5.2 Restore settings

UR device settings can be restored to the values they were at when a URS backup file was created using the EnerVista UR
Setup software. When the IEC 61850 option is present, the settings can alternatively be to the values they were at when an
IID type backup was created either using the EnerVista UR Setup software in online mode or by using any of the supported
file transfer protocols. Note that TFTP cannot be used here, as TFTP "put" mode is disabled for security reasons.
10

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE BACK UP AND RESTORE SETTINGS
To restore completely, a few settings need to be entered manually either via EnerVista UR Setup or via the UR device front
panel. If the restore operation is to be via Ethernet, first the UR device must have its IP address settings entered via the
front panel. These are located at SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  NETWORK 1(3) and SETTINGS 
PRODUCT SETUP  COMMUNICATIONS  IPv4 ROUTE TABLE 1(6)  DEFAULT IPv4 ROUTE  GATEWAY ADDRESS.
When importing a file, it cannot have a blank numeric value. All numeric values must be non-blank, otherwise the file is
rejected.
URS and IID procedures are outlined here.
To restore settings from a URS file:
2. Right-click the .urs file in the Offline Window area and select Add Device from File to locate a file, and/or drag-and-
drop the file from the Offline Window area to the device in the Online Window area.
Figure 10-7: Restoring a URS settings file
3. Two prompts are possible, first that the URS file does not include the complete IEC 61850 configuration and that it
needs to be recreated if you continue. This means that the URS file is from UR version 7.30 or higher, has the IEC 61850
software option in the order code, but any IEC 61850 content will be compromised and will need to be configured.
Second, a message can display that the URS file is part of a device folder and to use the device’s CID file. This means
that the URS file is from UR version 7.3 or higher, has the IEC 61850 software option in the order code, and is part of the
device folder. The user is trying to add a URS file from inside a device’s folder. Instead, the user needs to use the CID file
from the device folder.
These messages display because the roles of the protection engineer and network engineer can be separate. The
former can require a URS file, while the latter can require stored Modbus settings and protection schemes.
4. Manually copy the remaining settings, outlined as follows.
To restore settings from an IID file using EnerVista software:

1.
2.
In Windows, make a copy the IID file with a cid extension.
Connect to the device in the Online Window area.
10

UPGRADE SOFTWARE CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
3. In the Offline Window area, right-click Devices and select Import Devices from SCD.
Figure 10-8: Importing an SCD or CID file
4. Navigate to and select the file with .cid extension. When prompted, enter a file name to give to an intermediate URS
file. The URS file is added to the Offline Window area.
5. Drag the imported file in the Offline Window to the device in the Online Window. Note that the RELAY SETTINGS value
also is written to a device, and the accepting relay is put into "Programmed" or "Not Programmed" mode as
configured in the offline file.
To restore settings from an IID using SFTP:

1. In Windows, make a copy the IID file with a cid extension.
2. On a computer on the same subnetwork as the UR device, open a SFTP client application, such as WinSCP. Note that
TFTP cannot be used here.
3. Use the device's IP address as the host name.
4. If the device has the CyberSentry option, use the User Name of "Administrator" or "Engineer", and the password
programmed for the selected role. The default password is "ChangeMe1#" (without quotation marks).
5. If the device does not have the CyberSentry option, use the User Name of "Setting", and the password programmed for
the Setting role. The default password is "ChangeMe1#" (without quotation marks).
6. Upload the backup file copy with the CID extension. WinSCP uses drag-and-drop or copy-and-paste for this.
To manually copy remaining settings:

1. Settings listed in section 4.1.2 Settings Files are not transferred to the UR device with settings files. Enter them
manually either via the front panel or via EnerVista UR Setup software. The values that these settings had at the time
the backup was created are contained within the backup file, accessed through EnerVista UR Setup software.
To restore the list of sites and devices from an Environment backup:

1. In EnerVista, click File > Environment > Restore. A window opens.
2. Select the .ENV file to restore.
10.6 Upgrade software

In general, the latest releases of the EnerVista software can be used with all firmware versions, for example EnerVista
software released for UR 7.4 can be used to access multiple UR devices that have version 7.4x, 7.2x, and 6.0x firmware
installed.
Existing installations do not need to be uninstalled before upgrade.
10 You can also downgrade the software; use the same procedure.

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE UPGRADE FIRMWARE
To upgrade the EnerVista software:

1. If a beta version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed, uninstall it, for example using the Windows Control
Panel.
2. Download the latest EnerVista software and/or firmware from
http://www.gegridsolutions.com/app/ViewFiles.aspx?prod=urfamily&type=7
3. Double-click the file and complete the wizard. The software installs.
4. Access the software and check the version number under Help > About. If the new version does not display, try
uninstalling the software and reinstalling the new versions.
A message can display about a version not being supported. An example is when upgrading from version 7.12K to 7.4x.
The 7.12K entry is removed from the Offline Window area.
A message can display in the EnerVista software upon launch that "a device from the environment was not recognized."
This means that a device is online and its firmware version conflicts with the software version. In the example shown, a
C60 with firmware version 7.5x is online, but the software version is 7.3x. Updating removed incompatible files and
changed the device to version 7.3x, after which you need to make the order codes consistent as outlined next.
Figure 10-9: Mismatch in order code between software and device
To make the order codes consistent:

1. In EnerVista, click the Device Setup button. The window opens.
2. Expand the entry for the UR device.
3. Click the Read Order Code button. The order code and version of the device are populated to the software.
4. Click the OK button to save the change.
10.7 Upgrade firmware

If upgrading both EnerVista software and D30 firmware, upgrade the software first.
The firmware of the D30 device can be upgraded, locally or remotely, using the EnerVista software.
Upgrades are possible for the same release (such as 7.01 to 7.02) and from one firmware version to another (such as 7.2 to
7.3). When upgrading to another firmware version, check the release notes for compatibility. Release notes are located in
the Support Documents section of the website at http://gegridsolutions.com/app/ViewFiles.aspx?prod=urfamily&type=9
If you are upgrading from version 7.0 or 7.1 to 7.2 or later, some CPU modules require a new boot version. Update this first.
You can also downgrade firmware; use the same procedure.
To upgrade the firmware:
1. If required, download the boot file and/or firmware from
http://www.gegridsolutions.com/app/ViewFiles.aspx?prod=urfamily&type=7 10

REPLACE MODULE CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
The firmware and boot files are .bin files.

2. Navigate to Settings > Product Setup > Security and ensure that the Remote Setting Authorized and Local Setting
Authorized settings are "ON." On the front panel of the device, the path is Settings  Product Setup  Security  Dual
Permission Security Access.
If using CyberSentry security, also ensure that the relay and firmware are not locked under the Settings > Product
Setup > Security > Supervisory settings. A Supervisor role is required for these settings.
3. In EnerVista, back up the device settings by right-clicking the device and selecting Add Device to Offline Window. In
the window that displays, select an existing file to overwrite, or enter a name for a new settings file and optionally a
location for the new file. Click the Receive button to start the backup.
If an "Incompatible device order codes or versions" message displays, it means that you are trying to overwrite a file
for another product. You access the Convert Device Settings option by right-clicking the file in the Offline Window
area at the lower left.
4. In EnerVista, navigate to Maintenance > Update Firmware.
First select the boot file if applicable, locating the .bin file, and proceed. Restart the device, the EnerVista software, and
refresh the order code in EnerVista under the Device Setup button.
To update the firmware, click Maintenance > Update Firmware, select the firmware update by locating the .bin file,
and proceed with the update.
If an "Unable to put relay in flash mode" message displays, set the Settings > Product Setup > Security > Dual
Permission Security Access > Remote Setting Authorized and Local Setting Authorized settings to "ON" and try
again.
When the update is finished, the relay restarts automatically.
5. Restart the EnerVista software, and refresh the order code in EnerVista under the Device Setup button.
6. Verify the boot and firmware version while the device is starting up or in EnerVista under Actual Values > Product Info
> Firmware Revisions. The boot revision is not the same as the firmware revision, and the firmware revision reflects
the UR release, for example firmware revision 7.40 is UR release 7.40.
7. Set the device to "programmed" under Settings > Product Setup > Installation. A self-test error displays on the device
until this is done.
8. If you changed the Remote Setting Authorized, the Local Setting Authorized settings, or relay lock settings, return
them to their previous settings.
9. To apply any previously saved settings, right-click the saved settings file in the Offline Window area and select Write
to Device.
Modbus addresses assigned to firmware modules, features, settings, and corresponding data items (that is, default
values, minimum/maximum values, data type, and item size) can change slightly from version to version of
firmware. The addresses are rearranged when new features are added or existing features are enhanced or
modified. The EEPROM DATA ERROR message displayed after upgrading/downgrading the firmware is a resettable,
self-test message intended to inform users that the Modbus addresses have changed with the upgraded firmware.
This message does not signal any problems when appearing after firmware upgrades.
10.8 Replace module

This section outlines how to replace a module.
Withdraw or insert a module only when control power has been removed from the unit, and be
sure to insert only the correct module type into a slot, else personal injury, damage to the unit or
connected equipment, or undesired operation can result.
To avoid damage to the equipment, use proper electrostatic discharge protection (for example, a
10 static strap) when coming in contact with modules while the relay is energized.

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE REPLACE MODULE
The relay, being modular in design, allows for the withdrawal and insertion of modules. Replace modules only with like
modules in their original factory configured slots.
To replace a module:
1. Open the enhanced faceplate to the left once the thumb screw has been removed. This allows for easy access of the
modules for withdrawal. The new wide-angle hinge assembly in the enhanced front panel opens completely and
allows easy access to all modules in the D30.
Figure 10-10: Modules inside relay with front cover open (enhanced faceplate)
The standard faceplate can be opened to the left once the black plastic sliding latch on the right side has been pushed
up, as shown below.
Figure 10-11: Removing module (standard faceplate)
2. With power to the unit off, disconnect individually the connections from the module before removing the module from
the chassis.
3. To properly remove a module, pull simultaneously the ejector/inserter clips, located at the top and bottom of the
module. Record the original location of the module to ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the
correct slot. While modules with current input provide automatic shorting of external CT circuits, for CT/VT modules it
is recommended to short/isolate external circuits accordingly for maximum safety.
4. To properly insert a module, ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/
inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module
is smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips
simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module is fully inserted. 10

BATTERY CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
When adding a module (versus replacing a module), check that settings have not changed. Depending on the
module, settings can reset to default values.
The new CT/VT modules can only be used with new CPUs; similarly, old CT/VT modules can only be used with old
CPUs. In the event that there is a mismatch between the CPU and CT/VT module, the relay does not function and a
DSP ERROR or HARDWARE MISMATCH error displays.
10.9 Battery
A battery powers the real time clock on startup of the device.
When required, the battery can be replaced. The power supply module contains the battery. The battery type is 3 V
cylindrical.
10.9.1 Replace battery for SH/SL power supply

When required, the battery can be replaced. The power supply module contains the battery.
To avoid injury, ensure that the unit has been powered off for a minimum of three minutes before
replacing the battery.
Risk of fire if battery is replaced with incorrect type or polarity.
To replace the battery:
1. Turn off the power to the unit.
2. Wait a minimum of three minutes to ensure that there is no power to the battery.
3. As outlined in the previous section, open the unit by sliding up the plastic latch on the right side of the front panel
(standard front panel) or unscrewing the panel (enhanced front panel).
4. For the standard front panel, it needs to be removed in order to access the power supply module, which is typically in
the first slot on the left side and blocked by the hinge of the front panel. To remove the front panel, unscrew the bracket
on the left side of the unit.
5. Remove the power supply module by simultaneously pulling the ejector clips at the top and bottom of the module and
sliding it out.
6. Unscrew all four screws (not three) that attach the metal cover to the module. The fourth screw is at the back end of
the module, on the opposite side from the clips, beside the white electronics part (see figure).
7. Slide the metal cover away from the clips about 0.5 cm (1/8 inch) and remove the cover.
8. Unclip the black plastic holder that keeps the battery in place. The plastic clips into the socket at the bottom on both
sides—pull the plastic away from the battery. Use a flat-head screwdriver if you cannot unclip the plastic with your
fingers.
9. Replace the battery with the identical make and model. For example, do not use a rechargeable battery. Observe the
+ and - polarity of the battery and replace it with the same polarity as marked on the battery holder.
10

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE BATTERY
Figure 10-12: Battery location on SH/SL power supply module
10. Reinstall the battery holder and the metal cover, and reinsert the power supply module into the unit.
11. Power on the unit.
12. Dispose of the old battery as outlined in the next section.
10.9.2 Dispose of battery
10.9.2.1 EN Battery disposal

This product contains a battery that cannot be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste in the European Union. See the
product documentation for specific battery information. The battery is marked with this symbol, which may include
lettering to indicate cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), or mercury (Hg). For proper recycling return the battery to your supplier or to a
designated collection point. For more information see: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.2 CS Nakládání s bateriemi

Tento produkt obsahuje baterie, které nemohou být zneškodněny v Evropské unii jako netříděný komunální odpadu. Viz
dokumentace k produktu pro informace pro konkrétní baterie. Baterie je označena tímto symbolem, který může zahrnovat
i uvedena písmena, kadmium (Cd), olovo (Pb), nebo rtuť (Hg). Pro správnou recyklaci baterií vraťte svémudodavateli nebo
na určeném sběrném místě. Pro více informací viz: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.3 DA Batteri affald

Dette produkt indeholder et batteri som ikke kan bortskaffes sammen med almindeligt husholdningsaffald i Europa. Se
produktinformation for specifikke informationer om batteriet. Batteriet er forsynet med indgraveret symboler for hvad
batteriet indeholder: kadmium (Cd), bly (Pb) og kviksølv (Hg). Europæiske brugere af elektrisk udstyr skal aflevere kasserede
produkter til genbrug eller til leverandøren. Yderligere oplysninger findes på webstedet www.recyclethis.info.
10

BATTERY CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
10.9.2.4 DE Entsorgung von Batterien

Dieses Produkt beinhaltet eine Batterie, die nicht als unsortierter städtischer Abfall in der europäischen Union entsorgt
werden darf. Beachten Sie die spezifischen Batterie-informationen in der Produktdokumentation. Die Batterie ist mit
diesem Symbol gekennzeichnet, welches auch Hinweise auf möglicherweise enthaltene Stoffe wie Kadmium (Cd), Blei (Pb)
oder Quecksilber (Hektogramm) darstellt. Für die korrekte Wiederverwertung bringen Sie diese Batterie zu Ihrem lokalen
Lieferanten zurück oder entsorgen Sie das Produkt an den gekennzeichneten Sammelstellen. Weitere Informationen
hierzu finden Sie auf der folgenden Website: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.5 EL Απόρριψη μπαταριών

Αυτό το προϊόν περιέχει μια μπαταρία που δεν πρέπει να απορρίπτεται σε δημόσια συστήματα απόρριψης στην
Ευρωπαϊκή Κοινότητα. ∆είτε την τεκμηρίωση του προϊόντος για συγκεκριμένες πληροφορίες που αφορούν τη μπαταρία.
Η μπαταρία είναι φέρει σήμανση με αυτό το σύμβολο, το οποίο μπορεί να περιλαμβάνει γράμματα για να δηλώσουν το
κάδμιο (Cd), τον μόλυβδο (Pb), ή τον υδράργυρο (Hg). Για την κατάλληλη ανακύκλωση επιστρέψτε την μπαταρία στον
προμηθευτή σας ή σε καθορισμένο σημείο συλλογής. Για περισσότερες πληροφορίες δείτε: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.6 ES Eliminacion de baterias

Este producto contiene una batería que no se pueda eliminar como basura normal sin clasificar en la Unión Europea.
Examine la documentación del producto para la información específica de la batería. La batería se marca con este
símbolo, que puede incluir siglas para indicar el cadmio (Cd), el plomo (Pb), o el mercurio (Hg ). Para el reciclaje apropiado,
devuelva este producto a su distribuidor ó deshágase de él en los puntos de reciclaje designados. Para mas información :
wwwrecyclethis.info.
10.9.2.7 ET Patareide kõrvaldamine

Käesolev toode sisaldab patareisid, mida Euroopa Liidus ei tohi kõrvaldada sorteerimata olmejäätmetena. Andmeid
patareide kohta vaadake toote dokumentatsioonist. Patareid on märgistatud käesoleva sümboliga, millel võib olla
kaadmiumi (Cd), pliid (Pb) või elavhõbedat (Hg) tähistavad tähed. Nõuetekohaseks ringlusse võtmiseks tagastage patarei
tarnijale või kindlaksmääratud vastuvõtupunkti. Lisainformatsiooni saab Internetist aadressil: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.8 FI Paristoje ja akkujen hävittäminen

Tuote sisältää pariston, jota ei saa hävittää Euroopan Unionin alueella talousjätteen mukana. Tarkista tuoteselosteesta
tuotteen tiedot. Paristo on merkitty tällä symbolilla ja saattaa sisältää cadmiumia (Cd), lyijyä (Pb) tai elohopeaa (Hg). Oikean
kierrätystavan varmistamiseksi palauta tuote paikalliselle jälleenmyyjälle tai palauta se paristojen keräyspisteeseen.
Lisätietoja sivuilla www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.9 FR Élimination des piles

Ce produit contient une batterie qui ne peuvent être éliminés comme déchets municipaux non triés dans l'Union
européenne. Voir la documentation du produit au niveau des renseignements sur la pile. La batterie est marqué de ce
symbole, qui comprennent les indications cadmium (Cd), plomb (Pb), ou mercure (Hg). Pour le recyclage, retourner la
batterie à votre fournisseur ou à un point de collecte. Pour plus d'informations, voir: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.10 HU Akkumulátor hulladék kezelése

Ezen termék akkumulátort tartalmaz, amely az Európai Unión belül csak a kijelölt módon és helyen dobható ki. A terméken
illetve a mellékelt ismertetőn olvasható a kadmium (Cd), ólom (Pb) vagy higany (Hg) tartalomra utaló betűjelzés. A hulladék
akkumulátor leadható a termék forgalmazójánál új akkumulátor vásárlásakor, vagy a kijelölt elektronikai
hulladékudvarokban. További információ a www.recyclethis.info oldalon.
10

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE BATTERY
10.9.2.11 IT Smaltimento batterie

Questo prodotto contiene una batteria che non può essere smaltita nei comuni contenitori per lo smaltimento rifiuti, nell'
Unione Europea. Controllate la documentazione del prodotto per le informazioni specifiche sulla batteria. La batteria è
contrassegnata con questo simbolo e può includere alcuni caratteri ad indicare la presenza di cadmio (Cd), piombo (Pb)
oppure mercurio (Hg). Per il corretto smaltimento, potete restituirli al vostro fornitore locale, oppure rivolgervi e consegnarli
presso i centri di raccolta preposti. Per maggiori informazioni vedere: ww.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.12 LT Baterijų šalinimas

Šios įrangos sudėtyje yra baterijų, kurias draudžiama šalinti Europos Sąjungos viešose nerūšiuotų atliekų šalinimo
sistemose. Informaciją apie baterijas galite rasti įrangos techninėje dokumentacijoje. Baterijos žymimos šiuo simboliu,
papildomai gali būti nurodoma kad baterijų sudėtyje yra kadmio (Cd), švino (Pb) ar gyvsidabrio (Hg). Eksploatavimui
nebetinkamas baterijas pristatykite į tam skirtas surinkimo vietas arba grąžinkite jas tiesioginiam tiekėjui, kad jos būtų
tinkamai utilizuotos. Daugiau informacijos rasite šioje interneto svetainėje: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.13 LV Bateriju likvidēšana

Šis produkts satur bateriju vai akumulatoru, kuru nedrīkst izmest Eiropas Savienībā esošajās sadzīves atkritumu sistēmās.
Sk. produkta dokumentācijā, kur ir norādīta konkrēta informācija par bateriju vai akumulatoru. Baterijas vai akumulatora
marķējumā ir šis simbols, kas var ietvert burtus, kuri norāda kadmiju (Cd), svinu (Pb) vai dzīvsudrabu (Hg). Pēc
ekspluatācijas laika beigām baterijas vai akumulatori jānodod piegādātājam vai specializētā bateriju savākšanas vietā.
Sīkāku informāciju var iegūt vietnē: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.14 NL Verwijderen van baterijen

Dit product bevat een batterij welke niet kan verwijdert worden via de gemeentelijke huisvuilscheiding in de Europese
Gemeenschap. Gelieve de product documentatie te controleren voor specifieke batterij informatie. De batterijen met deze
label kunnen volgende indictaies bevatten cadium (Cd), lood (Pb) of kwik (Hg). Voor correcte vorm van kringloop, geef je de
producten terug aan jou locale leverancier of geef het af aan een gespecialiseerde verzamelpunt. Meer informatie vindt u
op de volgende website: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.15 NO Retur av batteri

Dette produkt inneholder et batteri som ikke kan kastes med usortert kommunalt søppel i den Europeiske Unionen. Se
produktdokumentasjonen for spesifikk batteriinformasjon. Batteriet er merket med dette symbolet som kan inkludere
symboler for å indikere at kadmium (Cd), bly (Pb), eller kvikksølv (Hg) forekommer. Returner batteriet til leverandøren din
eller til et dedikert oppsamlingspunkt for korrekt gjenvinning. For mer informasjon se: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.16 PL Pozbywanie się zużytych baterii

Ten produkt zawiera baterie, które w Unii Europejskiej mogą być usuwane tylko jako posegregowane odpady komunalne.
Dokładne informacje dotyczące użytych baterii znajdują się w dokumentacji produktu. Baterie oznaczone tym symbolem
mogą zawierać dodatkowe oznaczenia literowe wskazujące na zawartość kadmu (Cd), ołowiu (Pb) lub rtęci (Hg). Dla
zapewnienia właściwej utylizacji, należy zwrócić baterie do dostawcy albo do wyznaczonego punktu zbiórki. Więcej
informacji można znaleźć na stronie internetowej www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.17 PT Eliminação de Baterias

Este produto contêm uma bateria que não pode ser considerado lixo municipal na União Europeia. Consulte a
documentação do produto para obter informação específica da bateria. A bateria é identificada por meio de este símbolo,
que pode incluir a rotulação para indicar o cádmio (Cd), chumbo (Pb), ou o mercúrio (hg). Para uma reciclagem apropriada
envie a bateria para o seu fornecedor ou para um ponto de recolha designado. Para mais informação veja:
www.recyclethis.info.
10

CLEAR FILES AND DATA AFTER UNINSTALL CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
10.9.2.18 RU Утилизация батарей

Согласно европейской директиве об отходах электрического и электронного оборудования, продукты, содержащие
батареи, нельзя утилизировать как обычные отходы на территории ЕС. Более подробную информацию вы найдете в
документации к продукту. На этом символе могут присутствовать буквы, которые означают, что батарея собержит
кадмий (Cd), свинец (Pb) или ртуть (Hg). Для надлежащей утилизации по окончании срока эксплуатации пользователь
должен возвратить батареи локальному поставщику или сдать в специальный пункт приема. Подробности можно
найти на веб-сайте: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.19 SK Zaobchádzanie s batériami

Tento produkt obsahuje batériu, s ktorou sa v Európskej únii nesmie nakladať ako s netriedeným komunálnym odpadom.
Dokumentácia k produktu obsahuje špecifické informácie o batérii. Batéria je označená týmto symbolom, ktorý môže
obsahovať písmená na označenie kadmia (Cd), olova (Pb), alebo ortuti (Hg). Na správnu recykláciu vráťte batériu vášmu
lokálnemu dodávateľovi alebo na určené zberné miesto. Pre viac informácii pozrite: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.20 SL Odlaganje baterij

Ta izdelek vsebuje baterijo, ki je v Evropski uniji ni dovoljeno odstranjevati kot nesortiran komunalni odpadek. Za posebne
informacije o bateriji glejte dokumentacijo izdelka. Baterija je označena s tem simbolom, ki lahko vključuje napise, ki
označujejo kadmij (Cd), svinec (Pb) ali živo srebro (Hg). Za ustrezno recikliranje baterijo vrnite dobavitelju ali jo odstranite na
določenem zbirališču. Za več informacij obiščite spletno stran: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.21 SV Kassering av batteri

Denna produkt innehåller ett batteri som inte får kastas i allmänna sophanteringssytem inom den europeiska unionen. Se
produktdokumentationen för specifik batteriinformation. Batteriet är märkt med denna symbol, vilket kan innebära att det
innehåller kadmium (Cd), bly (Pb) eller kvicksilver (Hg). För korrekt återvinning skall batteriet returneras till leverantören eller
till en därför avsedd deponering. För mer information, se: www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.22 TR Pil Geri Dönüşümü

Bu ürün Avrupa Birliği genel atık sistemlerine atılmaması gereken pil içermektedir. Daha detaylı pil bilgisi için ürünün
kataloğunu inceleyiniz. Bu sembolle işaretlenmiş piller Kadmiyum(Cd), Kurşun(Pb) ya da Civa(Hg) içerebilir. Doğru geri
dönüşüm için ürünü yerel tedarikçinize geri veriniz ya da özel işaretlenmiş toplama noktlarına atınız. Daha fazla bilgi için:
www.recyclethis.info.
10.9.2.23 Global contacts

North America 905-294-6222
Latin America +55 11 3614 1700
Europe, Middle East, Africa +(34) 94 485 88 00
Asia +86-21-2401-3208
India +91 80 41314617
From GE Part Number 1604-0021-A1, GE Publication Number GEK-113574.
10.10 Clear files and data after uninstall

The unit can be decommissioned by turning off power to the unit and disconnecting the wires to it.
Files can be cleared after uninstalling the EnerVista software or UR device, for example to comply with data security
regulations.
On the computer, settings files can identified by the .urs extension. To clear the current settings file, create a default
settings file, write it to the relay, then delete all other .urs files. For the existing installation, upgrading the firmware
10 overwrites the flash memory. Other files can be in standard formats, such as COMTRADE or .csv.

CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE REPAIRS
You cannot erase directly the flash memory, but all records and settings in that memory can be deleted. Do this using the
SETTINGS  PRODUCT SETUP  CLEAR RELAY RECORDS command.
To uninstall the EnerVista software, use the built-in computer function, such as Control Panel > Programs and Features.
Look for EnerVista UR Setup in the list.
10.11 Repairs
The battery and modules inside the case can be replaced without return of the device to the factory. The firmware and
software can be upgraded without return of the device to the factory.
Fuses in the power supply module are not field-replaceable.
Files can be requested for use by technical support staff, for example the Service Report (click the icon in the software) or
under Maintenance > Retrieve File, as outlined elsewhere in this document.
For issues not solved by troubleshooting, the process to return the device to the factory for repair is as follows:
• Contact a GE Grid Solutions Technical Support Center. Contact information is found in the first chapter.
• Obtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number from the Technical Support Center.
• Verify that the RMA and Commercial Invoice received have the correct information.
• Tightly pack the unit in a box with bubble wrap, foam material, or styrofoam inserts or packaging peanuts to cushion
the item(s). You may also use double boxing whereby you place the box in a larger box that contains at least 5 cm of
cushioning material.
• Ship the unit by courier or freight forwarder, along with the Commercial Invoice and RMA, to the factory.
GE GRID SOLUTIONS
650 MARKLAND STREET
MARKHAM, ONTARIO
CANADA L6C 0M1
ATTN: SERVICE DEPT.
RMA# : ______________
Customers are responsible for shipping costs to the factory, regardless of whether the unit is under warranty.
• Fax a copy of the shipping information to the GE Grid Solutions service department in Canada at +1 905 927 5098.
Use the detailed return procedure outlined at
https://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin/support/ret_proc.htm
The current warranty and return information are outlined at
https://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin/warranty.htm
10.12 Storage
Store the unit indoors in a cool, dry place. If possible, store in the original packaging. Follow the storage temperature range
outlined in the Specifications.
10

DISPOSAL CHAPTER 10: MAINTENANCE
10.13 Disposal
Other than the battery, there are no special requirements for disposal of the unit at the end its service life. For customers
located in the European Union, dispose of the battery as outlined earlier. To prevent non-intended use of the unit, remove
the modules, dismantle the unit, and recycle the metal when possible.
10

Appendix A: FlexAnalog operands
Appendices
FlexAnalog operands
This appendix outlines FlexAnalog parameters.
A.1 FlexAnalog items

A FlexAnalog parameter is an analog parameter.
FlexAnalog items are also viewable in a web browser. Enter the IP address of the UR, access the Device Information Menu
option, then the FlexAnalog Parameter Listing option. Entries displayed online depend on order code.
Table A-1: FlexAnalog data items
Address FlexAnalog name Units Description
5824 Field RTD 1 Value --- Field RTD 1 value
5832 Field TDR 1 Value --- Field TDR 1 value
5856 Freq Rate 1 Value Hz/s Frequency rate of change 1 actual value
5860 Freq Rate 2 Value Hz/s Frequency rate of change 2 actual value
6144 SRC 1 Ia RMS Amps Source 1 phase A current RMS
6146 SRC 1 Ib RMS Amps Source 1 phase B current RMS
6148 SRC 1 Ic RMS Amps Source 1 phase C current RMS
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL A-1

FLEXANALOG ITEMS APPENDIX A: FLEXANALOG OPERANDS

6150 SRC 1 In RMS Amps Source 1 neutral current RMS
A 6152 SRC 1 Ia Mag Amps Source 1 phase A current magnitude
6154 SRC 1 Ia Angle Degrees Source 1 phase A current angle
6155 SRC 1 Ib Mag Amps Source 1 phase B current magnitude
6157 SRC 1 Ib Angle Degrees Source 1 phase B current angle
6158 SRC 1 Ic Mag Amps Source 1 phase C current magnitude
6160 SRC 1 Ic Angle Degrees Source 1 phase C current angle
6161 SRC 1 In Mag Amps Source 1 neutral current magnitude
6163 SRC 1 In Angle Degrees Source 1 neutral current angle
6164 SRC 1 Ig RMS Amps Source 1 ground current RMS
6166 SRC 1 Ig Mag Amps Source 1 ground current magnitude
6168 SRC 1 Ig Angle Degrees Source 1 ground current angle
6169 SRC 1 I_0 Mag Amps Source 1 zero-sequence current magnitude
6171 SRC 1 I_0 Angle Degrees Source 1 zero-sequence current angle
6172 SRC 1 I_1 Mag Amps Source 1 positive-sequence current magnitude
6174 SRC 1 I_1 Angle Degrees Source 1 positive-sequence current angle
6175 SRC 1 I_2 Mag Amps Source 1 negative-sequence current magnitude
6177 SRC 1 I_2 Angle Degrees Source 1 negative-sequence current angle
6178 SRC 1 Igd Mag Amps Source 1 differential ground current magnitude
6180 SRC 1 Igd Angle Degrees Source 1 differential ground current angle
6208 SRC 2 Ia RMS Amps Source 2 phase A current RMS
6210 SRC 2 Ib RMS Amps Source 2 phase B current RMS
6212 SRC 2 Ic RMS Amps Source 2 phase C current RMS
6214 SRC 2 In RMS Amps Source 2 neutral current RMS
6216 SRC 2 Ia Mag Amps Source 2 phase A current magnitude
6218 SRC 2 Ia Angle Degrees Source 2 phase A current angle
6219 SRC 2 Ib Mag Amps Source 2 phase B current magnitude
6221 SRC 2 Ib Angle Degrees Source 2 phase B current angle
6222 SRC 2 Ic Mag Amps Source 2 phase C current magnitude
6224 SRC 2 Ic Angle Degrees Source 2 phase C current angle
6225 SRC 2 In Mag Amps Source 2 neutral current magnitude
6227 SRC 2 In Angle Degrees Source 2 neutral current angle
6228 SRC 2 Ig RMS Amps Source 2 ground current RMS
6230 SRC 2 Ig Mag Amps Source 2 ground current magnitude
6232 SRC 2 Ig Angle Degrees Source 2 ground current angle
6233 SRC 2 I_0 Mag Amps Source 2 zero-sequence current magnitude
6235 SRC 2 I_0 Angle Degrees Source 2 zero-sequence current angle
6236 SRC 2 I_1 Mag Amps Source 2 positive-sequence current magnitude
6238 SRC 2 I_1 Angle Degrees Source 2 positive-sequence current angle
6239 SRC 2 I_2 Mag Amps Source 2 negative-sequence current magnitude
6241 SRC 2 I_2 Angle Degrees Source 2 negative-sequence current angle
6242 SRC 2 Igd Mag Amps Source 2 differential ground current magnitude
6244 SRC 2 Igd Angle Degrees Source 2 differential ground current angle
6656 SRC 1 Vag RMS Volts Source 1 phase AG voltage RMS
6658 SRC 1 Vbg RMS Volts Source 1 phase BG voltage RMS
6660 SRC 1 Vcg RMS Volts Source 1 phase CG voltage RMS
6662 SRC 1 Vag Mag Volts Source 1 phase AG voltage magnitude
A-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

APPENDIX A: FLEXANALOG OPERANDS FLEXANALOG ITEMS
A
6664 SRC 1 Vag Angle Degrees Source 1 phase AG voltage angle
6665 SRC 1 Vbg Mag Volts Source 1 phase BG voltage magnitude
6667 SRC 1 Vbg Angle Degrees Source 1 phase BG voltage angle
6668 SRC 1 Vcg Mag Volts Source 1 phase CG voltage magnitude
6670 SRC 1 Vcg Angle Degrees Source 1 phase CG voltage angle
6671 SRC 1 Vab RMS Volts Source 1 phase AB voltage RMS
6673 SRC 1 Vbc RMS Volts Source 1 phase BC voltage RMS
6675 SRC 1 Vca RMS Volts Source 1 phase CA voltage RMS
6677 SRC 1 Vab Mag Volts Source 1 phase AB voltage magnitude
6679 SRC 1 Vab Angle Degrees Source 1 phase AB voltage angle
6680 SRC 1 Vbc Mag Volts Source 1 phase BC voltage magnitude
6682 SRC 1 Vbc Angle Degrees Source 1 phase BC voltage angle
6683 SRC 1 Vca Mag Volts Source 1 phase CA voltage magnitude
6685 SRC 1 Vca Angle Degrees Source 1 phase CA voltage angle
6686 SRC 1 Vx RMS Volts Source 1 auxiliary voltage RMS
6688 SRC 1 Vx Mag Volts Source 1 auxiliary voltage magnitude
6690 SRC 1 Vx Angle Degrees Source 1 auxiliary voltage angle
6691 SRC 1 V_0 Mag Volts Source 1 zero-sequence voltage magnitude
6693 SRC 1 V_0 Angle Degrees Source 1 zero-sequence voltage angle
6694 SRC 1 V_1 Mag Volts Source 1 positive-sequence voltage magnitude
6696 SRC 1 V_1 Angle Degrees Source 1 positive-sequence voltage angle
6697 SRC 1 V_2 Mag Volts Source 1 negative-sequence voltage magnitude
6699 SRC 1 V_2 Angle Degrees Source 1 negative-sequence voltage angle
6720 SRC 2 Vag RMS Volts Source 2 phase AG voltage RMS
6722 SRC 2 Vbg RMS Volts Source 2 phase BG voltage RMS
6724 SRC 2 Vcg RMS Volts Source 2 phase CG voltage RMS
6726 SRC 2 Vag Mag Volts Source 2 phase AG voltage magnitude
6728 SRC 2 Vag Angle Degrees Source 2 phase AG voltage angle
6729 SRC 2 Vbg Mag Volts Source 2 phase BG voltage magnitude
6731 SRC 2 Vbg Angle Degrees Source 2 phase BG voltage angle
6732 SRC 2 Vcg Mag Volts Source 2 phase CG voltage magnitude
6734 SRC 2 Vcg Angle Degrees Source 2 phase CG voltage angle
6735 SRC 2 Vab RMS Volts Source 2 phase AB voltage RMS
6737 SRC 2 Vbc RMS Volts Source 2 phase BC voltage RMS
6739 SRC 2 Vca RMS Volts Source 2 phase CA voltage RMS
6741 SRC 2 Vab Mag Volts Source 2 phase AB voltage magnitude
6743 SRC 2 Vab Angle Degrees Source 2 phase AB voltage angle
6744 SRC 2 Vbc Mag Volts Source 2 phase BC voltage magnitude
6746 SRC 2 Vbc Angle Degrees Source 2 phase BC voltage angle
6747 SRC 2 Vca Mag Volts Source 2 phase CA voltage magnitude
6749 SRC 2 Vca Angle Degrees Source 2 phase CA voltage angle
6750 SRC 2 Vx RMS Volts Source 2 auxiliary voltage RMS
6752 SRC 2 Vx Mag Volts Source 2 auxiliary voltage magnitude
6754 SRC 2 Vx Angle Degrees Source 2 auxiliary voltage angle
6755 SRC 2 V_0 Mag Volts Source 2 zero-sequence voltage magnitude
6757 SRC 2 V_0 Angle Degrees Source 2 zero-sequence voltage angle
6758 SRC 2 V_1 Mag Volts Source 2 positive-sequence voltage magnitude


6760 SRC 2 V_1 Angle Degrees Source 2 positive-sequence voltage angle
A 6761 SRC 2 V_2 Mag Volts Source 2 negative-sequence voltage magnitude
6763 SRC 2 V_2 Angle Degrees Source 2 negative-sequence voltage angle
7168 SRC 1 P Watts Source 1 three-phase real power
7170 SRC 1 Pa Watts Source 1 phase A real power
7172 SRC 1 Pb Watts Source 1 phase B real power
7174 SRC 1 Pc Watts Source 1 phase C real power
7176 SRC 1 Q Vars Source 1 three-phase reactive power
7178 SRC 1 Qa Vars Source 1 phase A reactive power
7180 SRC 1 Qb Vars Source 1 phase B reactive power
7182 SRC 1 Qc Vars Source 1 phase C reactive power
7184 SRC 1 S VA Source 1 three-phase apparent power
7186 SRC 1 Sa VA Source 1 phase A apparent power
7188 SRC 1 Sb VA Source 1 phase B apparent power
7190 SRC 1 Sc VA Source 1 phase C apparent power
7192 SRC 1 PF --- Source 1 three-phase power factor
7193 SRC 1 Phase A PF --- Source 1 phase A power factor
7194 SRC 1 Phase B PF --- Source 1 phase B power factor
7195 SRC 1 Phase C PF --- Source 1 phase C power factor
7200 SRC 2 P Watts Source 2 three-phase real power
7202 SRC 2 Pa Watts Source 2 phase A real power
7204 SRC 2 Pb Watts Source 2 phase B real power
7206 SRC 2 Pc Watts Source 2 phase C real power
7208 SRC 2 Q Vars Source 2 three-phase reactive power
7210 SRC 2 Qa Vars Source 2 phase A reactive power
7212 SRC 2 Qb Vars Source 2 phase B reactive power
7214 SRC 2 Qc Vars Source 2 phase C reactive power
7216 SRC 2 S VA Source 2 three-phase apparent power
7218 SRC 2 Sa VA Source 2 phase A apparent power
7220 SRC 2 Sb VA Source 2 phase B apparent power
7222 SRC 2 Sc VA Source 2 phase C apparent power
7224 SRC 2 PF --- Source 2 three-phase power factor
7225 SRC 2 Phase A PF --- Source 2 phase A power factor
7226 SRC 2 Phase B PF --- Source 2 phase B power factor
7227 SRC 2 Phase C PF --- Source 2 phase C power factor
7552 SRC 1 Frequency Hz Source 1 frequency
7554 SRC 2 Frequency Hz Source 2 frequency
9024 Prefault Ia Mag [1] Amps Fault 1 pre-fault phase A current magnitude
9026 Prefault Ia Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 pre-fault phase A current angle
9027 Prefault Ib Mag [1] Amps Fault 1 pre-fault phase B current magnitude
9029 Prefault Ib Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 pre-fault phase B current angle
9030 Prefault Ic Mag [1] Amps Fault 1 pre-fault phase C current magnitude
9032 Prefault Ic Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 pre-fault phase C current angle
9033 Prefault Va Mag [1] Volts Fault 1 pre-fault phase A voltage magnitude
9035 Prefault Va Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 pre-fault phase A voltage angle
9036 Prefault Vb Mag [1] Volts Fault 1 pre-fault phase B voltage magnitude
9038 Prefault Vb Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 pre-fault phase B voltage angle

A
9039 Prefault Vc Mag [1] Volts Fault 1 pre-fault phase C voltage magnitude
9041 Prefault Vc Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 pre-fault phase C voltage angle
9042 Postfault Ia Mag [1] Amps Fault 1 post-fault phase A current magnitude
9044 Postfault Ia Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 post-fault phase A current angle
9045 Postfault Ib Mag [1] Amps Fault 1 post-fault phase B current magnitude
9047 Postfault Ib Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 post-fault phase B current angle
9048 Postfault Ic Mag [1 Amps Fault 1 post-fault phase C current magnitude
9050 Postfault Ic Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 post-fault phase C current angle
9051 Postfault Va Mag [1] Volts Fault 1 post-fault phase A voltage magnitude
9053 Postfault Va Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 post-fault phase A voltage angle
9054 Postfault Vb Mag [1] Volts Fault 1 post-fault phase B voltage magnitude
9056 Postfault Vb Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 post-fault phase B voltage angle
9057 Postfault Vc Mag [1] Volts Fault 1 post-fault phase C voltage magnitude
9059 Postfault Vc Ang [1] Degrees Fault 1 post-fault phase C voltage angle
9060 Fault Type [1] --- Fault 1 type
9061 Fault Location [1] --- Fault 1 location
9427 Fault Loop Resistance Ohms Fault 1 fault loop resistance
9429 Fault Loop Reactance Ohms Fault 1 fault loop reactance
10848 Synchchk 1 Delta V Volts Synchrocheck 1 delta voltage
10850 Synchchk 1 Delta Phs Degrees Synchrocheck 1 delta phase
10851 Synchchk 1 Synchscp Degrees Synchrocheck 1 synchscope
10852 Synchchk 1 Delta F Hz Synchrocheck 1 delta frequency
10853 Synchchk 1 V1 Mag Volts Synchrocheck 1 V1 mag
10855 Synchchk 1 V1 Ang Degrees Synchrocheck 1 V1 angle
10859 Synchchk 1 V2’ Mag Volts Synchrocheck 1 V2_mag
10861 Synchchk 1 V2’ Ang Degrees Synchrocheck 1 V2_angle
10862 Synchchk 1 Delta’ Phs Degrees Synchrocheck 1 delta_phase
10863 Synchchk 1 Synchscp’ Degrees Synchrocheck 1 _synchscope
10884 Synchchk 3 Delta F Volts Synchrocheck 3 delta frequency


A 10888 Synchchk 3 V2 Mag Volts Synchrocheck 3 V2 mag
12032 Brk 1 Acc Arc Amp A kA2-cyc Breaker 1 Acc arcing amp phase A
12034 Brk 1 Acc Arc Amp B kA2-cyc Breaker 1 Acc arcing amp phase B
12036 Brk 1 Acc Arc Amp C kA2-cyc Breaker 1 Acc arcing amp phase C
12038 Brk 1 Op Time A ms Breaker 1 operating time phase A
12039 Brk 1 Op Time B ms Breaker 1 operating time phase B
12040 Brk 1 Op Time C ms Breaker 1 operating time phase C
12041 Brk 1 Op Time ms Breaker 1 operating time
12042 Brk 1 Arc Amp A kA2-cyc Breaker 1 arcing amp phase A
12044 Brk 1 Arc Amp B kA2-cyc Breaker 1 arcing amp phase B
12046 Brk 1 Arc Amp C kA2-cyc Breaker 1 arcing amp phase C
12048 Brk 1 Amp Max A kA2-cyc Breaker 1 amp max phase A
12050 Brk 1 Amp Max B kA2-cyc Breaker 1 amp max phase B
12052 Brk 1 Amp Max C kA2-cyc Breaker 1 amp max phase C
12054 Brk 2 Acc Arc Amp A kA2-cyc Breaker 2 Acc arcing amp phase A
12056 Brk 2 Acc Arc Amp B kA2-cyc Breaker 2 Acc arcing amp phase B
12058 Brk 2 Acc Arc Amp C kA2-cyc Breaker 2 Acc arcing amp phase C
12060 Brk 2 Op Time A ms Breaker 2 operating time phase A
12061 Brk 2 Op Time B ms Breaker 2 operating time phase B
12062 Brk 2 Op Time C ms Breaker 2 operating time phase C
12063 Brk 2 Op Time ms Breaker 2 operating time
12064 Brk 2 Arc Amp A kA2-cyc Breaker 2 arcing amp phase A
12066 Brk 2 Arc Amp B kA2-cyc Breaker 2 arcing amp phase B
12068 Brk 2 Arc Amp C kA2-cyc Breaker 2 arcing amp phase C
12070 Brk 2 Amp Max A kA2-cyc Breaker 2 amp max phase A
12072 Brk 2 Amp Max B kA2-cyc Breaker 2 amp max phase B
12074 Brk 2 Amp Max C kA2-cyc Breaker 2 amp max phase C
12306 Oscill Num Triggers --- Oscillography number of triggers
13504 DCmA Ip 1 mA DCmA input 1 actual value

A
13552 RTD Ip 1 --- RTD input 1 actual value


A 13577 RTD Ip 26 --- RTD input 26 actual value
13600 Ohm Inputs 1 Value Ohms Ohm inputs 1 value
13601 Ohm Inputs 2 Value Ohms Ohm inputs 2 value
14189 PTP–IRIG-B Delta ns PTP time minus IRIG-B time
24432 Communications Group --- Groups communications group
24447 Active Setting Group --- Current setting group
32448 Dist Zab Mag Ohms Distance Zab magnitude
32449 Dist Zab Angle Degrees Distance Zab angle
32450 Dist Zbc Mag Ohms Distance Zbc magnitude
32451 Dist Zbc Angle Degrees Distance Zbc angle
32452 Dist Zca Mag Ohms Distance Zca magnitude
32453 Dist Zca Angle Degrees Distance Zca angle
32454 Dist Zag Mag Ohms Distance Zag magnitude
32455 Dist Zag Angle Degrees Distance Zag angle
32456 Dist Zbg Mag Ohms Distance Zbg magnitude
32457 Dist Zbg Angle Degrees Distance Zbg angle
32458 Dist Zcg Mag Ohms Distance Zcg magnitude
32459 Dist Zcg Angle Degrees Distance Zcg angle
32768 Tracking Frequency Hz Terminal tracking frequency
39168 FlexElement 1 Value --- FlexElement 1 actual value

A
41138 V0 3rd Harmonic 1 Volts VTFF 1 V0 3rd Harmonic
41140 V0 3rd Harmonic 2 Volts VTFF 2 V0 3rd Harmonic
45584 RxGOOSE Analog 1 --- RxGOOSE analog input 1


Appendix B: RADIUS server configuration
RADIUS server configuration
B.1 RADIUS server configuration

The following procedure is an example of how to set up a simple RADIUS server. You install the RADIUS server software on
a separate computer. In this example, we use FreeRADIUS third-party software.
1. Download and install FreeRADIUS from www.freeradius.net as the RADIUS server. This is a Windows 32-bit installation
that is known to work. If you try another third-party tool and it does not work, use the FreeRADIUS software from
freeradius.net.
2. Open the radius.conf file in the <Path_to_Radius>\etc\raddb folder, locate the "bind_address" field, and enter your
RADIUS server IP address. An example is
bind_address = 10.14.61.109
Text editor software that supports direct editing and saving of UNIX text encodings and line breaks, such as EditPad
Lite, is needed for this editing.
3. In the users.conf file in the <Path_to_Radius>\etc\raddb folder, add the following text to configure a user "Tester" with
an Administrator role.
Tester User-Password == "testpw"
GE-PDC-USER-Role = Administrator,
4. In the clients.conf file in the <Path_to_Radius>\etc\raddb folder, add the following text to define the UR as a RADIUS
client, where the client IP address is 10.0.0.2, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, the shared secret specified here is also
configured on the UR device for successful authentication, and the shortname is a short, optional alias that can be
used in place of the IP address.
client 10.0.0.2/24 {
secret = testing123
shortname = private-network-1
}
5. In the <Path_to_Radius>\etc\raddb folder, create a file called dictionary.ge and add the following content.
# ##########################################################
# GE VSAs
############################################################
VENDOR GE 2910
# Management authorization
BEGIN-VENDOR GE
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL B-1

RADIUS SERVER CONFIGURATION APPENDIX B: RADIUS SERVER CONFIGURATION
# Role ID
ATTRIBUTE GE-UR-Role 1 integer
# GE-UR-ROLE values
VALUE GE-UR-Role Administrator 1
VALUE GE-UR-Role Supervisor 2
VALUE GE-UR-Role Engineer 3
VALUE GE-UR-Role Operator 4
VALUE GE-UR-Role Observer 5
B END-VENDOR GE
#############################################################
6. In the dictionary file in the <Path_to_Radius>\etc\raddb folder, add the following line.
$INCLUDE dictionary.ge
For example, the file can look like the following:
$INCLUDE ../shareéfreeradius/dictionary
$INCLUDE dictionary.ge
7. For the first start, run the RADIUS server in debug mode to ensure that there are no compiling errors.
<Path_to_Radius>/start_radiusd_debug.bat
8. Set up the RADIUS parameters on the UR as follows.
8.1. If logging in, select Device for the Authentication Type, and use Administrator for the User Name. The default
password is "ChangeMe1#".
8.2. Access Settings > Product Setup > Security. Configure the IP address and ports for the RADIUS server. Leave
the GE vendor ID field at the default of 2910. Update the RADIUS shared secret as specified in the clients.conf
file.
9. Verify operation. Log in to the UR software as follows. In the login window, select Server as the Authentication Type,
enter the user name entered (for example user name Tester and password "testpw"). Check that the RADIUS server log
file shows the access with an "Access-Accept" entry.
Recall that If you tried another third-party tool and it did not work, you can use the FreeRADIUS software from
freeradius.net.
B-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Appendix C: Command line interface
Command line interface
C.1 Command line interface

SetupCLI is a command line interface to communicate with the EnerVista UR Setup software. Commands can be sent from
a DOS prompt or a Windows batch file.
The interface is installed with the EnerVista software. Its default location is similar to
C:\Program Files\EnerVista\Tools\SetupCLI
The EnerVista software needs to be installed on a computer to run the command line interface. The command line
interface does not provide a remote connection to a computer running the EnerVista software.
Items to note are as follows:
• Works with EnerVista UR Setup version 6.10 and later
• Available in English only
• The graphical user interface of the software is not available concurrently with the command line interface
• It does not support concurrent commands
• It has limited functionality with CyberSentry
• It does not interface with UR Engineer
• It does not work when EnerVista UR Setup security is enabled, meaning when login is required
Command syntax is as follows:
• Options enclosed in [ ] are optional
• Values enclosed in < > are replaced with your own values
• <Application> is replaced with the EnerVista software to receive the command. Use "URPC" for EnerVista UR Setup.
• <device> is the UR device name, as displayed in the Device Name field of the Device Setup window and listed in the
Online Window. Use quotes with spaces, such as "B30 Belfort".
• "-s" can be used with any command to suppress error messages
• All commands, their return codes, and error description are logged in the file
C:\ProgramData\EnerVista\Tools\SetupCLI\SetupCLI.log
• When the Supervisor account is enabled, the 'Lock Relay' setting must first be changed to No before the putsettings,
inservice, or reboot command can be used. This setting cannot be changed using the command line interface.
• Use quotes ("") to enclose any parameter containing a space
• Commands, options, and parameters are case sensitive
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL C-1

COMMAND LINE INTERFACE APPENDIX C: COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
• All commands have a return code of 0-255. 0 indicates success and 1-255 indicate different errors
• If SetupCLI is automated (in a batch file), make sure that only a single batch is running at a time. SetupCLI does not
support concurrent operations.
To run the command line interface:

1. In Windows, click the Start button, enter cmd, and press the Enter key. After prompting for permission, the Windows
command window opens.
2. Enter SetupCLI followed by the action to execute. An example of use is to enter "SetupCLI -h" to display help,
specifically the commands and explanations outlined here.
Figure C-1: Command line interface run in the command window
SetupCLI -h
Display help.
It displays the content outline here.
SetupCLI <Application> start [-c] [-s]

Launch application with name <Application>.
To start in client mode, which is the graphical user interface, include option '-c'. Before use, the software must be idle
without any windows open. Any activity or open windows can cause unexpected behavior. When in client mode, do not
use Launchpad's Site Management feature.
To suppress errors, include option -s.
Example: SetupCLI URPC start -c
SetupCLI <Application> exit [-s]

Exit application with name <Application>.
Example: SetupCLI URPC exit
SetupCLI <Application> login -d <device> [-A <authentication type>] [-a <account>] -w <password> [-s]
Authenticate with device <device> using password <password>.
For non-CyberSentry devices — Set <authentication type> to "traditional". Note that <authentication type> defaults to
"traditional" if not specified. Set <account> to "COMMANDS" or "SETTINGS". If not specified, the SETTINGS account is
used.
Example: SetupCLI URPC login -d "C30 Melbourne" -A traditional -a SETTINGS -w 1password1
C-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

APPENDIX C: COMMAND LINE INTERFACE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
Example of a batch file that checks for an error (this batch file uses standard batch file operations to check the return
code (ERRORLEVEL) and jump to an error handler):
SetupCLI URPC start
SetupCLI URPC login -d demoDevice -a SETTINGS -w WrongPassword -A traditional
IF NOT ERRORLEVEL 0 GOTO FAILED
SetupCLI URPC putsettings -d demoDevice -f "example file.urs"
SetupCLI URPC inservice -d demoDevice
SetupCLI URPC reboot -d demoDevice
SetupCLI URPC exit
exit
:FAILED
echo Please try again C
exit
For CyberSentry devices with local authentication — Set <authentication type> to "local" . Set <account> to
"Supervisor", "Administrator", "Engineer", "Operator", or "Observer".
For CyberSentry devices with RADIUS authentication — Set <authentication type> to "radius". Set <account> to the
user's account on the RADIUS server.
SetupCLI <Application> logout -d <device> [-s]

Log out of device <device>.
Example: SetupCLI URPC logout -d C30
SetupCLI <Application> getsettings -d <device> -f <File> [-s]

Read settings from device <device> and save them to the .urs file <File>. The <File> must not already exist. The default
path to the output file is C:\Users\Public\Documents\GE Power Management\URPC\Data
Example: SetupCLI URPC getsettings -d C30 -f "C30 Markham.urs"
Example of a batch file to retrieve a settings file:
SetupCLI URPC start
SetupCLI URPC getsettings -d demoDevice -f C:\example.urs
SetupCLI URPC exit
Example of a batch file to retrieve a settings file from a relay that requires RADIUS authentication:
SetupCLI URPC start
SetupCLI URPC login -d demoDevice -a %1 -w %2 -A radius
SetupCLI URPC getsettings -d demoDevice -f "example file.urs"
SetupCLI URPC logout -d demoDevice
SetupCLI URPC exit
Although a user name and password could have been entered in this batch file, it would have created a security risk.
Batch files allow you to pass in runtime parameters and refer to them in your script as %1, %2, and so on. For example,
if this file is called example.bat, one calls it as follows: "example.bat MyUserName MyPassword"
SetupCLI <Application> putsettings -d <device> -f <File> [-s]

Write the settings file <File> to the device <device>.
For CyberSentry devices, putsettings is only supported for users with the "Administrator" role.
Example: SetupCLI URPC putsettings -d C30 -f "C30 Markham.urs"

SetupCLI <Application> compare -f <File1> -r <File2> -o <OutputFile> [-s]

Compare settings files <File1> and <File2>, and save output to <OutputFile>.
Example: SetupCLI URPC compare -f may.urs -r september.urs -o compared.txt
Batch file example that retrieves a settings file, compares it with an existing settings file, and opens the resulting
comparison file:
SetupCLI URPC start
SetupCLI URPC getsettings -d demoDevice -f devicefile.urs
SetupCLI URPC compare -f existingfile.urs -r devicefile.urs -o output.txt
The output is similar to the following:

Comparing settings file aaa.urs : C:\Users\Public\Documents\GE Power Management\URPC\Data\ with bbb.urs :
C:\Users\Public\Documents\GE Power Management\URPC\Data\
C
# Setting Name (Group,Module,Item) Value
1 + Default Message Timeout (1,1,1) = 299 s

2 - Default Message Timeout (1,1,1) = 300 s
3 + Flash Message Time (1,1,1) = 0.9 s
4 - Flash Message Time (1,1,1) = 1.0 s
SetupCLI <Application> inservice -d <device> [-n] [-s]

Put the device in service. Include option -n to take the device out of service.
Example: SetupCLI URPC inservice -d C30
SetupCLI <Application> reboot -d <device> [-s]

Reboot the relay <device>. This is necessary after changing IEC 61850 settings and aggregator source settings.
Example: SetupCLI URPC reboot -d "C30_Instanbul"
SetupCLI <Application> adddevice -I <IP Address> -S <Slave Address> -P <Modbus Port>

Connect to a device using its IP address, slave address, and Modbus port. Show the device in the EnerVista interface
under the SetupCLI Site as DEV@SETUP_CLI.
EnerVista UR Setup 7.30 or higher supports this command.
Figure C-2: Device added using IP address
The device is named as DEV@SETUP_CLI, which is used as the device name required by the <device> parameter of other
SetupCLI commands.

APPENDIX C: COMMAND LINE INTERFACE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
The device name DEV@SETUP_CLI is always assigned to the device that is connected most recently by performing
'adddevice' command. It means that the Application only keeps up to one device named as DEV@SETUP_CLI, the
'adddevice' command disconnects/deletes the device DEV@SETUP _CLI that was connected previously by performing
'adddevice' command.
The device name DEV@SETUP_CLI is never used to configure/connect to a device through the graphical user interface.
Example of a batch file using a device IP address to retrieve its settings file:
SetupCLI URPC start
SetupCLI URPC adddevice -I 192.168.140.113 -S 113 -P 502
SetupCLI URPC getsettings -d DEV@SETUP_CLI -f C:\example.urs
SetupCLI URPC exit
After connecting the device using IP address, the device name DEV@SETUP_CLI is used to identify this device in
'getsettings' command.
Example of a batch file using a device IP address to retrieve a settings file when RADIUS authentication is required: C
SetupCLI URPC start
SetupCLI URPC adddevice -I 192.168.140.113 -S 113 -P 502
SetupCLI URPC login -d DEV@SETUP_CLI -a %1 -w %2 -A radius
SetupCLI URPC getsettings -d DEV@SETUP_CLI -f "example file.urs"
SetupCLI URPC logout -d DEV@SETUP_CLI
SetupCLI URPC exit
DEV@SETUP_CLI has to be used as the device name in the commands followed by the 'adddevice' command.


Appendix D: Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
This chapter provides the warranty and revision history.
D.1 Warranty
For products shipped as of 1 October 2013, GE Grid Solutions warrants most of its GE manufactured products for 10 years.
For warranty details including any limitations and disclaimers, see the GE Grid Solutions Terms and Conditions at
https://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin/warranty.htm
For products shipped before 1 October 2013, the standard 24-month warranty applies.
D.2 Revision history

The tables outline the releases and revision history of this document.
Table D-1: Revision history (English)
Manual P/N D30 revision Release date ECO
1601-0116-C1 3.0x 15 July 2002 URD-011
1601-0116-C2 3.1x 30 August 2002 URD-013
1601-0116-C3 3.0x 18 November 2002 URD-014
1601-0116-C4 3.1x 18 November 2002 URD-015
1601-0116-C5 3.0x 11 February 2003 URD-018
1601-0116-C6 3.1x 11 February 2003 URD-019
1601-0116-D1 3.2x 11 February 2003 URD-022
1601-0116-D2 3.2x 02 June 2003 URX-084
1601-0116-E1 3.3x 01 May 2003 URX-080
1601-0116-E2 3.3x 29 May 2003 URX-083
1601-0116-F1 3.4x 10 December 2003 URX-111
1601-0116-F2 3.4x 09 February 2004 URX-115
1601-0116-G1 4.0x 23 March 2004 URX-123
1601-0116-G2 4.0x 17 May 2004 URX-136
1601-0116-H1 4.2x 30 June 2004 URX-145
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL D-1

REVISION HISTORY APPENDIX D: MISCELLANEOUS
Manual P/N D30 revision Release date ECO

1601-0116-H2 4.2x 23 July 2004 URX-151
1601-0116-J1 4.4x 15 September 2004 URX-156
1601-0116-K1 4.6x 15 February 2005 URX-176
1601-0116-L1 4.8x 05 August 2005 URX-202
1601-0116-M1 4.9x 15 December 2005 URX-208
1601-0116-M2 4.9x 27 February 2006 URX-214
1601-0116-N1 5.0x 31 March 2006 URX-217
1601-0116-N2 5.0x 26 May 2006 URX-220
1601-0116-P1 5.2x 23 October 2006 URX-230
1601-0116-P2 5.2x 24 January 2007 URX-232
1601-0116-R1 5.4x 26 June 2007 URX-242
1601-0116-R2 5.4x 31 August 2007 URX-246
1601-0116-R3 5.4x 17 October 2007 URX-251
1601-0116-S1 5.5x 7 December 2007 URX-253
1601-0116-S2 5.5x 22 February 2008 URX-258
D 1601-0116-S3
1601-0116-T1
5.5x
5.6x
12 March 2008
27 June 2008
URX-260
08-0390
1601-0116-U1 5.7x 29 May 2009 09-0938
1601-0116-U2 5.7x 30 September 2009 09-1165
1601-0116-V1 5.8x 29 May 2010 09-1457
1601-0116-V2 5.8x 04 January 2011 11-2237
1601-0116-W1 5.9x 12 January 2011 11-2227
1601-0116-X1 6.0x 21 December 2011 11-2840
1601-0116-X2 6.0x 5 April 2012 12-3254
1601-0116-Y1 7.0x 30 September 2012 12-3529
1601-0116-Y2 7.0x 11 November 2012 12-3601
1601-0116-Z1 7.1x 30 March 2013 13-0126
1601-0116-AA1 7.2x 1 August 2013 13-0401
1601-0116-AB1 7.3x 7 November 2014 14-1408
1601-0116-AB2 7.3x 1 September 2015 15-2215
1601-0116-AC1 7.40x 8 December 2016 16-3319
1601-0116-AE1 7.41x 31 January 2017 17-3427
Table D-2: Major changes for D30 manual version AE1 (English)
Page Description
--- General revision
--- Added routable GOOSE content in chapters 2 and 5
3-36 Updated RS422 and Fiber Interface Connection figure for the clock channels (from 7a and 7b to 1a and 1b)
4- Added Engineer content
5- Updated IEC 61850 content
A- Updated FlexAnalog table for most UR products
Table D-3: Major changes for D30 manual version AC1 (English)
Page Description
--- General revision. Added online help and updated generic online help.
D-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

APPENDIX D: MISCELLANEOUS REVISION HISTORY
Page Description
--- Deleted EAC logo from title page and deleted EAC certification from Approvals specifications because document not
translated into Russian
--- Updated Breaker Arcing Current content, including FlexLogic operands table, settings, logic diagram, actual values, Modbus
memory map
--- Updated Synchrocheck content including settings, logic diagram, and number of elements from four to six in interface
chapter, FlexLogic operands table, settings, actual values, FlexAnalog table, features per product table, Modbus memory map,
IMD tables
--- Updated Fault Report and Fault Location content, including settings, actual values, and theory of operation chapters
--- Added support for two Wattmetric Zero-Sequence Directional / Wattmetric Ground Fault elements to product description,
specifications, FlexLogic operands table, settings, actual values, features per product table, Modbus memory map, and IMD
content
--- Added Data Logger content to product description, specifications, settings, actual values, commands, Modbus memory map,
IMD table
--- Added Frequency Rate of Change content to product description, specifications, FlexLogic operands table, settings, actual
values, FlexAnalog table, features per product table, Modbus memory map, IMD table
--- Added Incipient Cable Fault Detector content to product description, specifications, FlexLogic operands table, settings, actual
values, features per product table, Modbus memory map, IMD table
--- Added CT Failure Detector content to product description, FlexLogic operands table, settings, features per product table,
Modbus memory map, IMD table
--- Added Underfrequency content to product description, specifications, FlexLogic operands table, settings, features per D
product table, Modbus memory map, IMD table
--- Update Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent number from 4 to 2 in FlexLogic operands table, settings, features per product
table, Modbus memory map
--- Updated number of Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent elements in FlexLogic operands table, settings, features per product
table, Modbus memory map
2-2 Updated Figure 2-1 single-line diagram
2- Updated several specifications, such as TOC, IOC, number of FlexLogic lines
4-30 Added FlexLogic Design and Monitoring using Engineer section to end of Interfaces chapter
5-38 Added PRT FUNCTION settings in Network section to enable/disable each Ethernet port
5-49 Updated IEC 61850 section
5-167 Updated number of FlexLogic lines from 512 to 1024 in FlexLogic Equation Editor settings section
5-191 Updated Zone 1 to 3 ground distance logic diagram to include IG
10-1 Added Monitoring section
10-2 Added Retrieve Files section
C- Added Command Line Interface appendix
Table D-4: Major changes for D30 manual version AB2 (English)
Page Description
--- Updated document throughout, for example by checking number of elements that apply to the product
--- Added EAC compliance information throughout, including logo on title page, rear panel, added specifications, added life
expectancy and decommissioning, added sections on Repairs, Storage, and Disposal
2- Updated Order Codes and Specifications
2-15 Added UR Signal Processing section
5-134 Updated FlexLogic Operands table
9-7 Added section 9.1.4 Fast Distance Algorithm
A- Updated FlexAnalog table
Table D-5: Major changes for D30 manual version AB1 (English)
Page Description
--- Updated document throughout and put into new template. Major revision.
--- Updated references to digital inputs/outputs to contact inputs/outputs for consistency
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL D-3

REVISION HISTORY APPENDIX D: MISCELLANEOUS
Page Description
--- Added content for advanced IEC 61850, for example in the Settings and Actual Values chapters
2- Updated Order Codes and Specifications
3-9 Updated Figure 3-9 Typical Wiring Diagram to include delta and wye voltage input options
5-28 Added RS232 Baud Rate setting to Serial Ports section. Baud rate is now configurable, with two options.
5-32 Added Far-End Fault Indication (FEFI) section
9-2 Added Software Upgrade section to the Maintenance chapter
--- Moved communications appendices B through F to new UR Series Communications Guide for UR 7.3x AB1
C-1 Updated product warranty from 24 months to 10 years
D-4 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Glossary
Abbreviations
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code/Check

Abbreviations
A Ampere
AC Alternating Current CRT, CRNT Current
A/D Analog to Digital CSA Canadian Standards Association
AE Accidental Energization, Application Entity CT Current Transformer
AMP Ampere CVT Capacitive Voltage Transformer
ANG Angle
ANSI American National Standards Institute D/A Digital to Analog
AR Automatic Reclosure DC (dc) Direct Current
ARP Address Resolution Protocol DCE Data Communications Equipment
ASDU Application-layer Service Data Unit DCS Distributed Control System
ASYM Asymmetry DD Disturbance Detector
AUTO Automatic DFLT Default
AUX Auxiliary DGNST Diagnostics
AVG Average DIFF Differential
AWG American Wire Gauge DIR Directional
DISCREP Discrepancy
BCS Best Clock Selector DIST Distance
BER Bit Error Rate DMD Demand
BF Breaker Fail DNP Distributed Network Protocol
BFI Breaker Failure Initiate DPO Dropout
BKR Breaker DPS Double-Point Status
BLK Block DSP Digital Signal Processor
BLKG Blocking DST Daylight Savings Time
BNC Bayonet Neill-Concelman dt Rate of Change
BPNT Breakpoint of a characteristic DTT Direct Transfer Trip
BRKR Breaker DUTT Direct Under-reaching Transfer Trip
CAP Capacitor EGD Ethernet Global Data

CC Coupling Capacitor ENCRMNT Encroachment
CCVT Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformer EPRI Electric Power Research Institute
CFG Configure / Configurable .EVT Filename extension for event recorder files
.CFG Filename extension for oscillography files EXT Extension, External
CHK Check
CHNL Channel F Field
CID Configured IED Description FAIL Failure
CLS Close FD Fault Detector
CLSD Closed FDH Fault Detector high-set
CMND Command FDL Fault Detector low-set
CMPRSN Comparison FLA Full Load Current
CO Contact Output FO Fiber Optic
COM Communication FREQ Frequency
COMM Communications FSK Frequency-Shift Keying
COMP Compensated, Comparison FTP File Transfer Protocol
CONN Connection FxE FlexElement™
CONT Continuous, Contact FWD Forward
CO-ORD Coordination
CPU Central Processing Unit G Generator
GDOI Group Domain of Interpretation
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL i

ABBREVIATIONS
GE General Electric MTA Maximum Torque Angle

GND Ground MTR Motor
GNTR Generator MVA MegaVolt-Ampere (total 3-phase)
GoCB GOOSE Control Block MVA_A MegaVolt-Ampere (phase A)
GOOSE General Object Oriented Substation Event MVA_B MegaVolt-Ampere (phase B)
GPS Global Positioning System MVA_C MegaVolt-Ampere (phase C)
GSU Generator Step-Up MVAR MegaVar (total 3-phase)
MVAR_A MegaVar (phase A)
HARM Harmonic / Harmonics MVAR_B MegaVar (phase B)
HCT High Current Time MVAR_C MegaVar (phase C)
HGF High-Impedance Ground Fault (CT) MVARH MegaVar-Hour
HIZ High-Impedance and Arcing Ground MW MegaWatt (total 3-phase)
HMI Human-Machine Interface MW_A MegaWatt (phase A)
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol MW_B MegaWatt (phase B)
HV High Voltage MW_C MegaWatt (phase C)
HYB Hybrid MWH MegaWatt-Hour
Hz Hertz
N Neutral
I Instantaneous N/A, n/a Not Applicable
I_0 Zero Sequence current NEG Negative
I_1 Positive Sequence current NMPLT Nameplate
I_2 Negative Sequence current NOM Nominal
IA Phase A current NTR Neutral
IAB Phase A minus B current
IB Phase B current O Over
IBC Phase B minus C current OC, O/C Overcurrent
IC Phase C current O/P, Op Output
ICA Phase C minus A current OP Operate
ICD IED Capability Description OPER Operate
ID Identification OPERATG Operating
IED Intelligent Electronic Device O/S Operating System
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission OSI Open Systems Interconnect
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers OSB Out-of-Step Blocking
IG Ground (not residual) current OUT Output
Igd Differential Ground current OV Overvoltage
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol OVERFREQ Overfrequency
IID Instantiated IED Capability Description OVLD Overload
IN CT Residual Current (3Io) or Input
INC SEQ Incomplete Sequence P Phase
INIT Initiate PC Phase Comparison, Personal Computer
INST Instantaneous PCNT Percent
INV Inverse PF Power Factor (total 3-phase)
I/O Input/Output PF_A Power Factor (phase A)
IOC Instantaneous Overcurrent PF_B Power Factor (phase B)
IOV Instantaneous Overvoltage PF_C Power Factor (phase C)
IRIG Inter-Range Instrumentation Group PFLL Phase and Frequency Lock Loop
ISO International Standards Organization PHS Phase
IUV Instantaneous Undervoltage PICS Protocol Implementation & Conformance
Statement
K0 Zero Sequence Current Compensation PKP Pickup
kA kiloAmpere PLC Power Line Carrier
kV kiloVolt POS Positive
POTT Permissive Over-reaching Transfer Trip
LED Light Emitting Diode PRESS Pressure
LEO Line End Open PRI Primary
LFT BLD Left Blinder PROT Protection
LOOP Loopback PRP Parallel Redundancy Protocol
LPU Line Pickup PSEL Presentation Selector
LRA Locked-Rotor Current PTP Precision Time Protocol
LTC Load Tap-Changer pu Per Unit
LV Low Voltage PUIB Pickup Current Block
PUIT Pickup Current Trip
mA MilliAmpere PUSHBTN Pushbutton
MAG Magnitude PUTT Permissive Under-reaching Transfer Trip
MAN Manual / Manually PWM Pulse Width Modulated
MAX Maximum PWR Power
MIC Model Implementation Conformance
MIN Minimum, Minutes QUAD Quadrilateral
MMI Man Machine Interface
MMS Manufacturing Message Specification R Rate, Reverse
MRT Minimum Response Time RA Registration Authority
MSG Message RCA Reach Characteristic Angle
ii D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

ABBREVIATIONS
REF Reference
REM Remote V/Hz Volts per hertz
REV Reverse V_0 Zero Sequence voltage
R-GOOSE Routable GOOSE V_1 Positive Sequence voltage
RI Reclose Initiate V_2 Negative Sequence voltage
RIP Reclose In Progress VA Phase A voltage
RGT BLD Right Blinder VAB Phase A to B voltage
RMA Return Materials Authorization VAG Phase A to Ground voltage
RMS Root Mean Square VARH Var-hour voltage
ROCOF Rate of Change of Frequency VB Phase B voltage
ROD Remote Open Detector VBA Phase B to A voltage
RRTD Remote Resistance Temperature Detector VBG Phase B to Ground voltage
RST Reset VC Phase C voltage
RSTR Restrained VCA Phase C to A voltage
RTD Resistance Temperature Detector VCG Phase C to Ground voltage
RTU Remote Terminal Unit VF Variable Frequency
RX (Rx) Receive, Receiver VIBR Vibration
VT Voltage Transformer
s second VTFF Voltage Transformer Fuse Failure
S Sensitive VTLOS Voltage Transformer Loss Of Signal
SAT CT Saturation
SBO Select Before Operate WDG Winding
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition WH Watt-hour
SCC Serial Communication Controller w/ opt With Option
SCD System Configuration Description WGS World Geodetic System
SCL Substation Configuration Language WRT With Respect To
SEC Secondary
SEL Select / Selector / Selection X Reactance
SENS Sensitive XDUCER Transducer
SEQ Sequence XFMR Transformer
SFTP Secure Shell (SSH) File Transfer Protocol, Secure
File Transfer Protocol Z Impedance, Zone
SIR Source Impedance Ratio
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SRC Source
SSB Single Side Band
SSEL Session Selector
STATS Statistics
SUPN Supervision
SUPV Supervise / Supervision
SV Supervision, Service
SYNC Synchrocheck
SYNCHCHK Synchrocheck
T Time, transformer
TC Thermal Capacity
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TCU Thermal Capacity Used
TD MULT Time Dial Multiplier
TEMP Temperature
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
THD Total Harmonic Distortion
TMR Timer
TOC Time Overcurrent
TOV Time Overvoltage
TRANS Transient
TRANSF Transfer
TSEL Transport Selector
TUC Time Undercurrent
TUV Time Undervoltage
TX (Tx) Transmit, Transmitter
U Under
UC Undercurrent
UCA Utility Communications Architecture
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UL Underwriters Laboratories
UNBAL Unbalance
UR Universal Relay
URC Universal Recloser Control
.URS Filename extension for settings files
UV Undervoltage

ABBREVIATIONS

Index
Index
Authentication by device or server ........................................... 5-15

Numerics Authentication fail message ......................................................... 7-10
10BASE-F settings ...............................................................................5-31 Automatic discovery of UR devices .......................................... 3-56
Autoreclose
actual values .........................................................................................6-6
A FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-146
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-259
AC current input specifications ...................................................2-28
settings ...............................................................................................5-256
AC current inputs ..............................................................................5-125 single shot sequence ....................................................................5-261
AC inputs ...................................................................................................3-11 Auxiliary overvoltage
AC voltage input specifications ...................................................2-28 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-146
Access Violation message ..............................................................3-57 logic ......................................................................................................5-237
Activate relay .........................................................................................3-43 settings ...............................................................................................5-236
Active setting group ........................................................................5-166 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-23
Actual values ............................................................................................ 6-1 Auxiliary undervoltage
monitor with Modbus Analyzer ..................................................10-1 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-146
Add Device to Offline Window preferences .........................10-7 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-236
Add module, check settings not defaulted ........................10-14 settings ...............................................................................................5-235
Administrator specifications ..................................................................................... 2-22
add user account ..............................................................................5-13 Auxiliary voltage channel ............................................................... 3-12
command to force logoff ................................................................ 7-4 Auxiliary voltage metering ............................................................. 6-17
role for CyberSentry .......................................................................... 2-4 AWG wire size ........................................ 3-11, 3-30, 3-34, 3-36, 3-37
Alarm LEDs ...........................................................................................5-105
AND gate explained ...........................................................................4-54
ANSI device numbers .......................................................................... 2-2
B
Apparent power ....................................................................................6-17
Back up settings ...................................................................... 5-45, 10-6
Apparent power specifications ....................................................2-28
Banks .............................................................................................. 5-6, 5-125
Application examples
Battery
breaker trip circuit integrity ......................................................5-264
disposal ...............................................................................................10-15
contact inputs .................................................................................5-282
failure message ...................................................................................7-7
direct inputs and outputs ..........................................................5-289
replace ................................................................................................10-14
latching outputs .............................................................................5-285
Baud rate ................................................................................................. 5-28
Approvals .................................................................................................2-37
BLOCK setting ..........................................................................................5-5
Architecture, relay ............................................................................5-144
Arcing current .....................................................................................5-268
Attempt to contact RADIUS server failed message .........7-10
Audit list of port numbers ...............................................................5-31
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL i

INDEX
Breaker arcing current Command line interface to software ..........................................C-1

actual values ...................................................................................... 6-25 Command password ....................................................4-30, 5-9, 5-10
clearing ........................................................................................ 5-27, 7-2 Commands
FlexAnalogs ...........................................................................................A-6 control user accounts .................................................................... 5-13
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147 menu .........................................................................................................7-1
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-270 with IEC 61850 ................................................................................... 5-80
measurement ..................................................................................5-269 Communications
settings ...............................................................................................5-268 10BASE-F .............................................................................................. 5-31
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-24 connecting to the UR .......................................................... 3-54, 3-57
Breaker control DNP ......................................................................................................... 5-38
control of two breakers ................................................................. 4-29 HTTP ........................................................................................................ 5-85
dual breaker logic ..........................................................................5-132 IEC 60870-5-10 ................................................................................. 5-88
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147 IEC 60870-5-104 ............................................................................... 5-86
settings ...............................................................................................5-129 inter-relay specifications .............................................................. 2-33
with IEC 61850 .................................................................................. 5-75 Modbus registers .............................................................................. 5-92
Breaker-and-a-half scheme ............................................................ 5-5 Modbus settings ............................................................................... 5-37
Brightness ............................................................................................... 5-25 modem .................................................................................................. 3-56
Broken conductor Protocol selection ............................................................................. 5-37
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147 RS232 ......................................................................................... 3-22, 5-28
settings ...............................................................................................5-279 RS485 ......................................................................................... 3-24, 5-28
settings ...................................................................................... 5-31, 5-38
specifications ......................................................................... 2-32, 2-33
C timeout .................................................................................................. 5-38
web server ........................................................................................... 5-85
C37.94 communications ..................................................... 3-38, 3-41
Compare settings ................................................................................ 10-5
Caution symbol in Offline Window ........................................... 4-40
Compliance ............................................................................................. 2-37
CE certification ..................................................................................... 2-37
COMTRADE files, view ....................................................................... 4-51
Certification ............................................................................................ 2-37
Conducted RFI specifications ....................................................... 2-36
Changes ......................................................................................................D-1
Connection timeout ........................................................................... 5-38
Channel
Contact inputs
banks ...................................................................................................5-125
actual values .........................................................................................6-4
tests ........................................................................................................... 6-9
explained ........................................................................................... 5-281
CID file, SCD file ............................................................ 5-61, 5-63, 5-64
FlexLogic operands ...................................................................... 5-152
CID files ......................................................................................... 3-60, 5-45 settings ............................................................................................... 5-281
import .................................................................................................... 10-9
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-28
import preferences ......................................................................... 10-7
thresholds ......................................................................................... 5-281
Circuit monitoring applications ................................................5-263 wet and dry connections .............................................................. 3-19
Cleaning ................................................................................................... 2-37 Contact outputs
Clear actual values .........................................................................................6-5
files and records .............................................................. 10-18, 10-19 explained ........................................................................................... 5-284
LEDs ......................................................................................................5-287 FlexLogic operands ...................................................................... 5-152
relay records using IEC 61850 ................................................... 5-80 settings ............................................................................................... 5-284
relay records using settings ........................................................ 5-27 Control elements .............................................................................. 5-237
security logs .......................................................................................... 7-4 Control power
Clock description ........................................................................................... 3-10
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-7 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-32
IRIG-B ..................................................................................................... 3-25 Control pushbuttons
PTP .......................................................................................................... 5-94 FlexLogic operands ...................................................................... 5-146
set on front panel ............................................................................... 7-3 logic diagram .................................................................................. 5-108
settings ................................................................................................. 5-93 settings ............................................................................................... 5-106
Close specifications ..................................................................................... 2-26
HTTP port ............................................................................................. 5-85 Counters
IEC 60870-5-104 port .................................................................... 5-87
actual values .........................................................................................6-6
Modbus port ....................................................................................... 5-37 settings ............................................................................................... 5-265
SNTP port ............................................................................................. 5-96
CRC alarm ............................................................................................. 5-121
TFTP port .............................................................................................. 5-86
Critical failure relay specifications ............................................ 2-31
Web access port .............................................................................. 5-85
CSA certification ................................................................................... 2-37
Comm status remaining connections .................................... 6-10
CT bank settings ............................................................................... 5-125
ii D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INDEX
CT failure Digital counters

FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147 actual values .........................................................................................6-6
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-272 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147
settings ...............................................................................................5-271 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-267
CT inputs ...........................................................................3-11, 5-6, 5-125 settings ...............................................................................................5-265
CT wiring ...................................................................................................3-12 Digital elements
Current bank .......................................................................................5-125 application example .....................................................................5-264
Current metering actual values ..................................................6-15 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147
Curves logic diagram ...................................................................................5-263
definite time ...................................................................... 5-203, 5-231 settings ...............................................................................................5-262
FlexCurves .......................................................................... 5-137, 5-203 Digital outputs
IAC .........................................................................................................5-201 see Contact outputs
IEC .........................................................................................................5-199 Dimensions .......................................................................................3-2, 3-3
IEEE .......................................................................................................5-198 Direct devices
inverse time undervoltage ........................................................5-231 settings ...............................................................................................5-288
types ....................................................................................................5-198 status ........................................................................................................6-9
Cutout, panel ...................................................................................3-2, 3-3 Direct I/O
CyberSentry application example .....................................................................5-289
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-146 configuration examples ..............................................................5-117
installation ...............................................................................3-59, 5-23 settings ...............................................................................................5-288
security commands ........................................................................... 7-4 Direct inputs
security overview ................................................................................ 2-4 actual values .........................................................................................6-8
software options ...............................................................................2-35 application example .....................................................................5-289
specifications ......................................................................................2-35 clearing counters ................................................................................7-2
system logs ..........................................................................................5-24 error messages ....................................................................................7-7
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-152
settings ...............................................................................................5-288
D specifications ..................................................................................... 2-29
Direct outputs
Data logger
application example .....................................................................5-289
actual values .......................................................................................6-24
clearing counters ................................................................................7-2
clearing ........................................................................................ 5-27, 7-2
error messages ....................................................................................7-7
settings ...............................................................................................5-101
settings ...............................................................................................5-288
Data, reading values ............................................................................ 6-1
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-32
Dataset member is empty message ........................................5-54
Directional overcurrent
Date, set ...................................................................................................... 7-3 see Phase, Ground, and Neutral directional
DCmA inputs ...........................................................................................6-20 Directional polarization .................................................................5-206
actual values .......................................................................................6-20
Disconnect switch
FlexAnalogs ........................................................................................... A-6
settings ...............................................................................................5-293
logic ......................................................................................................5-136
specifications ......................................................................................2-29
settings ...............................................................................................5-134
DCmA outputs
Discover button .................................................................................... 3-56
description ...........................................................................................3-20
Disk space required ........................................................................... 3-45
settings ...............................................................................................5-295
Display settings .................................................................................... 5-25
specifications ......................................................................................2-32
Disposal ..................................................................................................10-20
Decommission ..................................................................... 10-18, 10-19
Dispose of battery ............................................................................10-15
Default password ................................................................................5-13
Distance
Default settings .........................................................................10-5, 10-6
actual values ...................................................................................... 6-21
Definite time curve ............................................................ 5-203, 5-231
FlexAnalogs ............................................................................................A-8
Delete files and records ..................................... 5-27, 10-18, 10-19
ground .................................................................................................5-181
Device authentication .......................................................................5-15 ground specifications .................................................................... 2-19
Device Connectivity Report in Engineer .................................4-48 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-171
Device information files ......................................................... 1-2, 4-48 Mho characteristic .........................................................................5-175
Device overview ...................................................................................10-1 mho characteristic ........................................................................5-173
Device setup ...........................................................................................3-56 phase .......................................................................................2-18, 5-171
Dielectric strength ...............................................................................3-10 quad characteristic ........................................................5-174, 5-183
settings ...............................................................................................5-170

INDEX
Disturbance detector Event recorder

FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-151 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-23
internal ................................................................................................5-128 clearing ........................................................................................5-27, 7-2
DNP records explained ...............................................................................4-2
connections remaining ................................................................. 6-10 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-27
select protocol ................................................................................... 5-37 system logs ......................................................................................... 5-24
settings ................................................................................................. 5-38 via EnerVista software ......................................................................4-2
DOS partition alarm error message ......................................... 7-10 EVENTS setting .........................................................................................5-5
Downgrade firmware .....................................................................10-11 Export settings to file ........................................................................ 10-6
Downgrade software ......................................................................10-10
Download files ...................................................................................... 10-3
Drag and drop files ............................................................................... 4-3 F
Dynamic reach control .................................................................... 9-19 F485 ............................................................................................................ 3-45
Faceplate ........................................................................................3-2, 4-19
Factory default reset ................................................................5-7, 5-21
E Far-End Fault Indication .................................................................. 5-33
Electrostatic discharge specifications .................................... 2-36 Fast distance algorithm .....................................................................9-7
Elements ..................................................................................................... 5-4 Fast form-C relay specifications ................................................. 2-31
End of life ...............................................................................................10-20 Fast transient testing specifications ........................................ 2-36
EnerVista UR Setup Fault locator
command line interface ..................................................................C-1 logic diagram ..................................................................................... 9-25
EnerVista UR setup operation .............................................................................................. 9-22
drag and drop files ............................................................................. 4-3 Fault locator specifications ........................................................... 2-27
event recorder ...................................................................................... 4-2 Fault report
firmware upgrade or downgrade ..........................................10-11 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-22
installation ........................................................................................... 3-46 clearing ........................................................................................5-27, 7-2
oscillography ......................................................................................... 4-2 settings .................................................................................................. 5-97
requirements ..................................................................................... 3-45 Features .......................................................................................................2-1
restart relay ........................................................................................ 5-45 Fiber signal loss detection ............................................................. 5-33
Engineer File transfer by IEC 61850 .............................................................. 5-85
create logic diagram ...................................................................... 4-33 File transfer by TFTP .......................................................................... 5-86
Error messages ................................................................................. 4-41 Files
Warning messages ......................................................................... 4-42 delete ....................................................................................10-18, 10-19
Engineer command to force logoff ............................................. 7-4 download ............................................................................................. 10-3
Environment backup ........................................................................ 10-7 drag and drop .......................................................................................4-3
Equations protect FlexLogic with password .................................................4-9
definite time curve ......................................................... 5-203, 5-231 protect with password ......................................................................4-7
FlexCurves .........................................................................................5-203 transfer to relay ...................................................................................4-1
FlexLogic ............................................................................................5-161 Firmware lock self-test .................................................................... 7-10
FlexLogic, protect ................................................................................ 4-9 Firmware revision ............................................................................... 6-26
IAC curves ..........................................................................................5-201 Firmware upgrade or downgrade .......................................... 10-11
IEC curves ..........................................................................................5-199 Firmware version does not match EnerVista ................... 10-11
IEEE curves ........................................................................................5-198 Flash memory ......................................................................10-18, 10-19
Equipment mismatch error .............................................................. 7-6 Flash messages .................................................................................... 5-25
Error messages ....................................................................................... 7-5 Flex State parameters
device not recognized .................................................................10-11 actual values .........................................................................................6-7
in Engineer .......................................................................................... 4-41 settings ............................................................................................... 5-113
Ethernet specifications ..................................................................................... 2-25
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-7 FlexAnalog parameters ......................................................................A-1
configuration ..................................................................................... 3-54 FlexCurves
Quick Connect ................................................................................... 3-59 equation ............................................................................................ 5-203
settings ................................................................................................. 5-31 settings ............................................................................................... 5-137
Ethernet port turn on or off ........................................................... 5-31 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-25
Event cause indicators .................................................................... 4-20 table ..................................................................................................... 5-137
Event Cause LEDs ............................................................................... 4-22

INDEX
FlexElements Front panel

actual values .......................................................................................6-19 clear ......................................................................................................5-287
direction .............................................................................................5-163 custom labels ..................................................................................... 4-24
FlexAnalogs ........................................................................................... A-8 interface ............................................................................................... 4-15
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147 labels ...................................................................................................... 4-24
hysteresis ...........................................................................................5-163 language .............................................................................................. 5-25
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-162 LEDs ........................................................................................................ 4-20
pickup ..................................................................................................5-163 number of characters .................................................................... 4-15
settings ...............................................................................................5-161 password change ............................................................................ 4-30
specifications ......................................................................................2-25 switch between enhanced and standard ...............................3-2
FlexLogic use ........................................................................................................... 4-15
create logic diagram with Engineer .........................................4-33 use in EnerVista ........................................................................4-15, 6-3
edit with equation editor ............................................................5-161 variations ............................................................................................. 4-19
equation editor ...............................................................................5-161 FUNCTION setting ..................................................................................5-5
equation example .........................................................................5-240 Fuse failure ...........................................................................................5-274
error messages .................................................................................... 7-6 Fuse specifications ............................................................................. 2-30
evaluation .........................................................................................5-155 Fuses not field-replaceable .........................................................10-19
example ..............................................................................................5-156
gate characteristics ......................................................................5-154
lock equations ...................................................................................... 4-9
lock equations to serial number ................................................4-11
G
operands ............................................................................................5-146 G.703 .......................................................................................................... 3-30
operators ...........................................................................................5-154 wire size ................................................................................................ 3-30
rules ......................................................................................................5-155 Gates, logic explained ...................................................................... 4-54
security .................................................................................................... 4-9 Gateway address ................................................................................ 5-34
specifications ......................................................................................2-25 GE type IAC curves ...........................................................................5-201
timer settings ...................................................................................5-161 Getting help ...............................................................................................1-2
worksheet ..........................................................................................5-158 GOOSE
Force contact inputs .......................................................................5-300 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-20
Force contact outputs ...................................................................5-300 error messages ....................................................................................7-9
Form-A FlexAnalogs ............................................................................................A-9
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-5 routable, explained ......................................................................... 5-52
Form-A relay settings ................................................................................................. 5-52
high-impedance circuits ...............................................................3-14 Ground current metering ............................................................... 6-16
outputs ..................................................................................................3-13 Ground directional supervision .................................................5-187
specifications ......................................................................................2-31 Ground distance
Form-C FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-5 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-186
critical failure relay ..........................................................................3-10 settings ...............................................................................................5-181
order codes ........................................................................................... 2-7 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-19
outputs ..................................................................................................3-13 Ground IOC
replacement modules ....................................................................2-13 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148
specifications ......................................................................................2-31 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-224
Frequency metering settings ...............................................................................................5-223
actual values .......................................................................................6-18 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-20
specifications ......................................................................................2-28 Ground TOC
Frequency rate of change FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148
actual values .......................................................................................6-19 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-223
FlexAnalogs ........................................................................................... A-1 settings ...............................................................................................5-222
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-147 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-20
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-250 Group 1 switch after powerup ..................................................5-167
settings ...............................................................................................5-248 Grouped elements ............................................................................5-166
specifications ......................................................................................2-23 Guarantee ................................................................................................. D-1
Frequency tracking .............................................................................6-19
Frequency, nominal .........................................................................5-126
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL v

INDEX
Inputs
H AC current specifications .............................................................. 2-28
HardFiber AC currents ....................................................................................... 5-125
interface module described ........................................................ 3-12 AC voltage ........................................................................................ 5-125
order codes for compatible URs .................................................. 2-7 AC voltage specifications ............................................................. 2-28
self-test errors ................................................................................... 7-11 contact input specifications ........................................................ 2-28
Heartbeat messages ............................................................ 5-53, 5-56 contact inputs ...................................................................5-281, 5-300
HTTP ............................................................................................................ 5-85 DCmA input specifications ........................................................... 2-29
port, close ............................................................................................ 5-85 DCmA inputs ....................................................................................... 3-20
Humidity specifications ................................................................... 2-35 direct input specifications ............................................................ 2-29
Hysteresis ..............................................................................................5-163 IRIG-B ..................................................................................................... 3-25
IRIG-B specifications ....................................................................... 2-29
RTD input specifications ................................................................ 2-29
RTD inputs ............................................................................................ 3-20
I virtual .................................................................................................. 5-283
IAC curves .............................................................................................5-201 Installation ........................................................................................ 3-2, 3-3
ICD file ............................................................................... 5-61, 5-63, 5-64 activate relay ..................................................................................... 3-43
IEC 60870-5-103 add UR devices with auto discovery ....................................... 3-56
select protocol ................................................................................... 5-37 communications ............................................................................... 3-23
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol CT inputs ............................................................................................... 3-11
explained ............................................................................................. 5-88 RS485 ..................................................................................................... 3-24
settings ................................................................................................. 5-88 set relay to Programmed .............................................................. 3-43
IEC 60870-5-104 settings ............................................................................................... 5-123
select protocl ..................................................................................... 5-37 Instantaneous overcurrent
IEC 60870-5-104 protocol see Phase, Ground, and Neutral IOCs
connections remaining ................................................................. 6-10 Interface
port, close ............................................................................................ 5-87 front panel ........................................................................................... 4-15
settings ................................................................................................. 5-86 software ...................................................................................................4-1
IEC 61850 protocol Internet access ..................................................................................... 5-85
compatibility with previous release ........................................ 5-43 Inter-relay communication specifications ........................... 2-33
error messages .................................................................................... 7-8 Inverse time undervoltage .......................................................... 5-231
explained ............................................................................................. 5-43 IOC
file transfer .......................................................................................... 5-85 see Phase, Ground, and Neutral IOCs
heartbeat messages .......................................................... 5-53, 5-56 IP address
IID file ..................................................................................................... 10-6 enter in software .............................................................................. 5-31
settings in EnerVista ....................................................................... 5-42 enter on front panel ............................................................ 3-47, 4-16
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-32 gateway ................................................................................................ 5-34
IEC CID files ............................................................................................. 5-45 view ......................................................................................................... 5-31
IED setup .................................................................................................. 3-46 IRIG-B
IEEE C37.94 communications .......................................... 3-38, 3-41 connection ........................................................................................... 3-25
IEEE curves ............................................................................................5-198 error messages ....................................................................................7-7
IID file ................................................................................. 3-60, 5-45, 10-6 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-29
import preferences ......................................................................... 10-7 ISO standards ........................................................................................ 2-37
Import settings file ............................................................................. 3-60
Import settings from SCD or CID file ........................................ 10-9
In service indicator ................................................................................ 7-5 K
In Service LED ........................................................................................ 3-43 Keypad ...................................................................................................... 4-16
Incipient cable fault detector
actual values ...................................................................................... 6-10
clear counter ......................................................................................... 7-2
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 L
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-274 Labels, front panel .................................................................. 4-24, 4-47
settings ...............................................................................................5-272 Lamp test ....................................................................................................7-3
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-24 Language setting ................................................................................ 5-25
Incompatible hardware error ......................................................... 7-6 Laser module ......................................................................................... 3-29
vi D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INDEX
Latching outputs Maintenance

application examples ..................................................................5-285 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-25
error messages .................................................................................... 7-8 alert to replace battery ....................................................................7-7
settings ...............................................................................................5-285 battery replacement .....................................................................10-14
specifications ......................................................................................2-30 cleaning ................................................................................................ 2-37
LED test commands .............................................................................................7-3
commands ............................................................................................. 7-3 module replacement ....................................................................10-12
FlexLogic operand .........................................................................5-153 upgrade or downgrade ...............................................................10-11
settings ...............................................................................................5-103 Manufacturing date ........................................................................... 6-26
specifications ......................................................................................2-26 Maximum CT/VT wire size .............................................................. 3-11
LEDs Memory polarization ...................................................................8-1, 9-7
clear .....................................................................................................5-287 Memory requirements ..................................................................... 3-45
custom labels .....................................................................................4-24 Memory voltage logic diagram .................................................5-171
explained ..............................................................................................4-20 Menu navigation .................................................................................. 4-16
In Service ..............................................................................................3-43 Messages
settings ...............................................................................................5-105 clear front panel .............................................................................5-287
Trouble ...................................................................................................3-43 error ...........................................................................................................7-5
Line pickup errors and warnings in Engineer .............................................. 4-40
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 Metering
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-169 conventions ............................................................................ 6-11, 6-12
settings ...............................................................................................5-167 frequency specifications .............................................................. 2-28
specifications ......................................................................................2-20 power specifications ...................................................................... 2-28
Link power budget ..............................................................................2-33 voltage specifications .................................................................... 2-27
Load encroachment Mho distance characteristic .......................................................5-173
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 Microsoft Windows requirement ............................................... 3-45
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-197 MMS connections remaining ........................................................ 6-10
settings ...............................................................................................5-196 Modbus
specifications ......................................................................................2-25 connections remaining ................................................................. 6-10
Load shedding ..................................................................... 5-248, 5-249 Flex State parameters .................................................................5-114
Local access denied message .........................................4-31, 5-20 port, close ............................................................................................ 5-37
Local access, explained ..................................................................... 5-8 register entry ...................................................................................... 5-92
Local Setting Authorization .........................................................10-12 settings ................................................................................................. 5-37
Lockout from software .....................................................................5-13 user map .............................................................................................. 5-92
Log in with password .................................................. 3-59, 5-9, 5-10 Modbus Analyzer ................................................................................. 10-1
Logic diagram explained .................................................................4-32 Model information, view .................................................................. 6-26
Logic diagrams, create .....................................................................4-33 Model number ..........................................................................................3-1
Logic gates, FlexLogic ........................................................4-54, 5-155 Modem connection ............................................................................ 3-56
Logout users forcefully ....................................................................... 7-3 Modification file number ................................................................. 6-26
Logs, system ...........................................................................................5-24 Module failure error .....................................................................7-6, 7-7
Loop actual values ..............................................................................6-21 Modules
Lost password ......................................................................................... 5-7 add and check settings not defaulted .................................10-14
communications ............................................................................... 3-23
CT/VT .............................................................................................3-11, 5-6
M order codes ......................................................................................... 2-13
power supply ...................................................................................... 3-10
MAC address
replace ................................................................................................10-12
actual values .......................................................................................6-26
transducer I/O ................................................................................... 3-21
examples ..............................................................................................5-30
RxGOOSE ...............................................................................................5-59
Monitor
actual values ...................................................................................... 10-1
settings for redundancy ................................................................5-32
devices .................................................................................................. 10-1
TxGOOSE ...............................................................................................5-55
Monitoring elements settings ....................................................5-267
Mounting ............................................................................................3-2, 3-3
N
Nameplate, rear ......................................................................................3-1
NAND gate explained ....................................................................... 4-54
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL vii

INDEX
Negative sequence directional overcurrent Operator command to force logoff .............................................7-4

characteristics .................................................................................5-228 OR gate explained .............................................................................. 4-54
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 Order codes ...............................................................................................2-7
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-230 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-26
settings ...............................................................................................5-226 update ......................................................................................................7-3
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-22 Oscillatory transient testing specifications .......................... 2-36
Negative sequence IOC Oscillography
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-24
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-226 clearing ........................................................................................5-27, 7-2
settings ...............................................................................................5-225 settings .................................................................................................. 5-99
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-21 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-27
Negative sequence overvoltage via EnerVista software ......................................................................4-2
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 Out of service ............................................................................................5-1
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-235 Out-of-step tripping ............................................................ 2-24, 5-189
settings ...............................................................................................5-234 Outputs
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-23 contact outputs ............................................................................. 5-284
Negative sequence TOC control power specifications ...................................................... 2-32
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 critical failure relay specifications ............................................ 2-31
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-225 Fast form-C relay specifications ............................................... 2-31
settings ...............................................................................................5-224 Form-A relay ........................................................................... 2-30, 3-13
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-21 Form-C relay ....................................................................................... 3-13
Neutral directional overcurrent Form-C relay specifications ........................................................ 2-31
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 latching output specifications .................................................... 2-30
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-217 latching outputs ............................................................................. 5-285
polarization .......................................................................................5-215 virtual outputs ................................................................................ 5-287
settings ...............................................................................................5-212 Overcurrent curve types .............................................................. 5-198
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-21 Overcurrent curves
Neutral IOC FlexCurves ........................................................................................ 5-203
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 IAC ........................................................................................................ 5-201
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-212 IEC ......................................................................................................... 5-199
settings ...............................................................................................5-211 Overvoltage
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-20 auxiliary ................................................................................. 2-23, 5-236
Neutral overvoltage negative sequence ....................................................................... 5-234
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 negative-sequence ......................................................................... 2-23
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-234 neutral .................................................................................... 2-23, 5-233
settings ...............................................................................................5-233 phase ........................................................................2-22, 5-150, 5-233
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-23
Neutral TOC
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-211
P
settings ...............................................................................................5-210 Panel cutout .................................................................................... 3-2, 3-3
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-20 Parallel Redundancy Protocol
Non-volatile latches actual values ...................................................................................... 6-10
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-148 explained .............................................................................................. 5-33
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-26 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-33
NOR gate explained .......................................................................... 4-54 Parity .......................................................................................................... 5-28
NOT gate explained ........................................................................... 4-54 Part numbering .......................................................................................2-7
O
Obtain list of port numbers ........................................................... 5-31
One-shot
error compiling in Engineer ......................................................... 4-41
FlexLogic operators ......................................................................5-155
Operating temperature ................................................................... 2-35
Operating times ................................................................................... 2-18
viii D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INDEX
Passwords Port
authentication by device or server ..........................................5-15 Ethernet, turn on or off .................................................................. 5-31
bypass authentication ...................................................................5-22 HTTP, close .......................................................................................... 5-85
change ...................................................................................................4-30 IEC 60870-5-104, close ................................................................. 5-87
change after installation ...............................................................3-59 Modbus, close .................................................................................... 5-37
change does not take relay out of service ............................. 5-1 SNTP, close .......................................................................................... 5-96
command ....................................................................... 4-30, 5-9, 5-10 TFTP, close ........................................................................................... 5-86
default ....................................................................................................5-13 Port number
explained ................................................................................................ 2-4 combinations with protocols ...................................................... 5-38
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-153 connectivity report of those used ............................................ 4-48
lockout .......................................................................................4-31, 5-13 DNP ......................................................................................................... 5-38
lost password ....................................................................................... 5-7 HTTP ....................................................................................................... 5-85
requirements ........................................................................................ 5-8 IEC 60870-5-104 ............................................................................... 5-86
reset to factory defaults .................................................................. 5-7 list of ....................................................................................................... 5-31
rules ........................................................................................................... 5-8 Modbus ................................................................................................. 5-37
settings ............................................................................ 4-30, 5-9, 5-10 Modbus during installation .......................................................... 3-55
settings templates .............................................................................. 4-7 RADIUS .................................................................................................. 5-18
wrong entry .........................................................................................4-31 SNTP ....................................................................................................... 5-96
Permissive functions .......................................................................5-231 system log ............................................................................... 5-18, 5-19
Per-unit quantity .................................................................................... 5-4 TFTP ........................................................................................................ 5-86
Phase angle metering .......................................................................6-12 Power metering
Phase current metering ...................................................................6-15 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-28
Phase directional overcurrent values .................................................................................................... 6-17
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 Power supply
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-209 description ........................................................................................... 3-10
phase A polarization ....................................................................5-207 removal to replace battery ........................................................10-14
settings ...............................................................................................5-206 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-30
specifications ......................................................................................2-21 Power swing blocking .........................................................2-24, 5-189
Phase distance Power swing detect
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-150
OP scheme ........................................................................................5-179 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-194
settings ...............................................................................................5-171 settings ...............................................................................................5-187
specifications ......................................................................................2-18 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-24
Phase IOC Power system settings ...................................................................5-126
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-149 Precision Time Protocol
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-206 actual values for port state ............................................................6-7
settings ...............................................................................................5-205 clock settings ..................................................................................... 5-93
specifications ......................................................................................2-20 error message ......................................................................................7-8
Phase overvoltage port behavior ...................................................................................... 5-32
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-150 settings ................................................................................................. 5-94
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-233 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-33
settings ...............................................................................................5-233 Preserve custom attributes when importing SCD/CID files ..
specifications ......................................................................................2-22 10-7
Phase rotation ....................................................................................5-126 Print front panel labels ......................................................... 4-24, 4-47
Phase TOC Process bus
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-150 order codes for compatible URs ..................................................2-7
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-205 overview ............................................................................................... 3-12
settings ...............................................................................................5-203 Product information
specifications ......................................................................................2-20 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-26
Phase undervoltage Device Connectivity Report in Engineer ................................ 4-48
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-150 firmware revision ............................................................................. 6-26
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-232 Programmed mode ........................................................................... 3-43
settings ...............................................................................................5-232 Protection elements .............................................................................5-4
specifications ......................................................................................2-22 Protection Summary interface ............................ 3-58, 4-4, 5-238
Phasor estimation ................................................................................. 9-2 Protocol selection ............................................................................... 5-37
Pickup, line ............................................................................................5-167 Prototype firmware error message .......................................... 7-11
PMU
connections remaining ..................................................................6-10
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL ix

INDEX
PRP Repair ................................................................................... 1-2, 10-19, D-1

actual values ...................................................................................... 6-10 Replace battery ................................................................................. 10-14
explained ............................................................................................. 5-33 Replace battery message .................................................................7-7
settings ................................................................................................. 5-31 Replacement modules ..................................................................... 2-13
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-33 Requirements for installation ....................................................... 3-45
PTP Reset to factory defaults ........................................................5-7, 5-21
actual values for port state ............................................................ 6-7 Resetting
clock settings ..................................................................................... 5-93 FlexLogic operands ...................................................................... 5-153
error message ...................................................................................... 7-8 setting to clear LEDs and messages .................................... 5-287
port behavior ..................................................................................... 5-32 to factory defaults ..............................................................................5-7
settings ................................................................................................. 5-94 Restart relay
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-33 using EnerVista .................................................................................. 5-45
pu quantity ................................................................................................ 5-4 using relay ..............................................................................................7-3
Pushbuttons Restore settings ................................................................................... 10-6
control FlexLogic ............................................................................5-146 Revision history ...................................................................................... D-1
control logic diagram ...................................................................5-108 RF immunity specifications ........................................................... 2-36
control settings ...............................................................................5-106 RFI, conducted specifications ...................................................... 2-36
control specifications ..................................................................... 2-26 R-GOOSE description ........................................................................ 5-52
user-programmable FlexLogic ................................................5-154
RMS voltage specifications ............................................................ 2-27
user-programmable logic diagrams ....................................5-112
Routable GOOSE .................................................................................. 5-52
user-programmable settings ...................................................5-108
RS232
user-programmable specifications ......................................... 2-26
baud rate ............................................................................................. 5-28
configuration ...................................................................................... 3-58
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-32
Q wiring ..................................................................................................... 3-22
Quad distance characteristic ............................5-174, 5-183, 9-6 RS422
Quick Connect .......................................................................... 3-58, 3-59 configuration ...................................................................................... 3-34
timing ..................................................................................................... 3-35
two-channel application ............................................................... 3-34
R with fiber interface .......................................................................... 3-36
RADIUS server RS485
description ........................................................................................... 3-24
authentication ................................................................................... 5-15
settings .................................................................................................. 5-28
setup .........................................................................................................B-1
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-32
RAM required ......................................................................................... 3-45
RTD FlexAnalogs .....................................................................................A-7
Reactive power .................................................................................... 6-17
RTD inputs
Reactive power specifications .................................................... 2-28
actual values ...................................................................................... 6-20
Real power .............................................................................................. 6-17
settings ............................................................................................... 5-294
Real power specifications .............................................................. 2-28
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-29
Real-time clock
Rules for passwords .............................................................................5-8
actual values for synchronization ............................................... 6-7
RxGOOSE
settings ................................................................................................. 5-93
actual values ...................................................................................... 6-20
Reboot relay
error messages ....................................................................................7-9
using EnerVista ................................................................................. 5-45
FlexAnalogs ............................................................................................A-9
using relay .............................................................................................. 7-3
settings .................................................................................................. 5-57
Recloser curves ................................................................... 5-139, 5-203
Redundancy
PRP actual values ............................................................................ 6-10
PRP explained .................................................................................... 5-33 S
settings ................................................................................................. 5-31 Save settings .............................................................................................4-1
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-33 Saving setting does not take relay out of service ...............5-1
Relay architecture ............................................................................5-144 SCADA protocol selection ............................................................... 5-37
Relay maintenance ............................................................................... 7-3 SCD file
Relay name ...........................................................................................5-123 import preferences .......................................................................... 10-7
Release Notes .....................................................................................10-11 SCD file import ...................................................................................... 10-9
Remote access of front panel in EnerVista ................. 4-15, 6-3 SCL compatible ..................................................................................... 5-43
Remote access, explained ................................................................ 5-8 SCL file
Remote Setting Authorization ...................................................10-12 import preferences .......................................................................... 10-7
x D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INDEX
SCL file import ................................................................5-61, 5-63, 5-64 Settings file ............................................................................................. 5-45
Security description ..............................................................................................4-1
commands ............................................................................................. 7-4 import .................................................................................................... 3-60
delete files and records ............................................... 10-18, 10-19 takes relay out of service when loaded ....................................4-2
EnerVista and UR secure with SSH ............................................. 2-4 traceability .......................................................................................... 4-12
failed authentication lockout ......................................................5-21 Settings password .........................................................4-30, 5-9, 5-10
forceful user logout ........................................................................... 7-3 Settings templates
lock FlexLogic equations ................................................................. 4-9 description ..............................................................................................4-5
password for settings template ................................................... 4-7 edit .............................................................................................................4-6
passwords for settings and commands .......... 4-30, 5-9, 5-10 enable .......................................................................................................4-5
RADIUS server for user authentication ..................................... B-1 password protection .........................................................................4-7
role-based user access .................................................................... 2-4 remove .....................................................................................................4-9
settings ..................................................................................................5-19 view ...........................................................................................................4-7
software options ...............................................................................2-35 SFP module fail message ............................................................... 7-10
specifications ......................................................................................2-35 Signal loss detection for fiber ...................................................... 5-33
system and event logs ...................................................................5-24 Signal sources
Security audit list of port numbers ............................................5-31 description ..............................................................................................5-5
Selector switch metering ............................................................................................... 6-15
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-7 settings ...............................................................................................5-127
application example .....................................................................5-245 Simulation bit .......................................................................................5-299
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-150 Single-line diagram ...............................................................................2-3
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-247 Site Targets ............................................................................................. 10-1
settings ...............................................................................................5-240 Smart defaults ....................................................................................5-100
specifications ......................................................................................2-26 SNTP protocol
timing ..................................................................................................5-244 accuracy specifications ................................................................ 2-33
Self-tests error messages ....................................................................................7-8
description ............................................................................................. 7-5 port, close ............................................................................................ 5-96
error messages .................................................................................... 7-5 settings ................................................................................................. 5-96
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-154 Software
user-programmable .....................................................................5-106 installation ........................................................................................... 3-46
Serial number ................................................................... 3-1, 4-11, 6-26 interface explained ............................................................................4-1
Serial ports system requirements ..................................................................... 3-45
settings ..................................................................................................5-28 update or downgrade ..................................................................10-10
specifications ......................................................................................2-32 Source frequency ................................................................................ 6-18
Series-compensated lines ..............................................................9-18 Source transfer schemes .............................................................5-231
Server authentication .......................................................................5-15 Sources
Server unavailable self-test ...........................................................7-10 description ..............................................................................................5-5
Service life expected ..........................................................................10-3 example of use ................................................................................5-128
Service Report ......................................................................................... 1-2 FlexAnalogs ............................................................................................A-1
Setting groups .......................................................5-166, 5-167, 5-239 metering ............................................................................................... 6-15
active setting group .....................................................................5-166 settings ...............................................................................................5-127
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-151 Specifications ........................................................................................ 2-17
troubleshooting ..............................................................................5-167 Standards, certification ................................................................... 2-37
Setting lock self-test ...........................................................................7-10 Status LEDs ............................................................................................. 4-22
Settings ........................................................................................................ 5-1 Storage ....................................................................................................10-19
back up ......................................................................................5-45, 10-6 Storage temperature ........................................................................ 2-35
change ...................................................................................................4-17 Support, technical ..................................................................................1-2
change does not take relay out of service ............................. 5-1 Surge immunity specifications .................................................... 2-36
comapre ................................................................................................10-5 Switch
control user accounts .....................................................................5-13 actual values .........................................................................................6-7
edit ...........................................................................................................4-17 control with IEC 61850 .................................................................. 5-78
export .....................................................................................................10-6 settings ................................................................................5-134, 5-240
import .....................................................................................................3-60
not updated automatically among computers ..................3-57
read from device with Modbus Analyzer ...............................10-1
restore ....................................................................................................10-6
write to device with Modbus Analyzer ....................................10-1
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL xi

INDEX
Synchrocheck Time
actual values ...................................................................................... 6-18 actual values .................................................................6-7, 6-24, 6-25
FlexAnalogs ...........................................................................................A-5 FlexLogic timer settings ............................................................. 5-161
FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-151 operating .............................................................................................. 6-26
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-255 overwritten by external source ....................................................7-3
settings ...............................................................................................5-250 set ...............................................................................................................7-3
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-24 settings .................................................................................................. 5-93
Syslog ......................................................................................................... 5-24 Time overcurrent
System and device information ................................................. 4-48 see Phase, Neutral, and Ground TOCs
System frequency .............................................................................5-126 Timeout, connection .......................................................................... 5-38
System logs ............................................................................................ 5-24 TOC
System requirements ....................................................................... 3-45 ground ................................................................................................ 5-222
System setup .......................................................................................5-125 neutral ................................................................................................ 5-210
phase .................................................................................................. 5-203
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-20
Torque for screws ............................................................................... 2-37
T
Traceability
Target messages ................................................................................... 7-5
data ........................................................................................................ 4-13
TARGET setting ........................................................................................ 5-5 overview ............................................................................................... 4-12
Targets menu ........................................................................................... 7-5 rules ........................................................................................................ 4-14
Targets overview by device .......................................................... 10-1 view data .............................................................................................. 4-14
TBD .............................................................................................................. 10-6 Tracking frequency ............................................................................ 6-19
TCP port number for web access .............................................. 5-85 Transducer I/O
Technical support .................................................................................. 1-2 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-20
files ................................................................................................. 1-2, 10-3 settings ............................................................................................... 5-293
Teleprotection specifications ..................................................................................... 2-29
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-5 wiring ..................................................................................................... 3-21
clearing counters ................................................................................ 7-2 Triangle in Offline Window ............................................................. 4-40
FlexLogic operands ........................................................ 5-151, 5-152 Trip bus
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-293 FlexLogic operands ...................................................................... 5-152
overview .............................................................................................5-291 logic diagram .................................................................................. 5-239
settings ................................................................................ 5-122, 5-292 settings ............................................................................................... 5-237
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-29 Trip LEDs ................................................................................................ 5-105
Temperature Trouble indicator ....................................................................................7-5
FlexLogic monitor operand .......................................................5-154 Trouble LED ............................................................................................. 3-43
monitor .................................................................................................... 7-9
Troubleshooting
operating and storage .................................................................. 2-35
access to device ............................................................................... 3-57
Test voltages ......................................................................................... 3-10 breaker not working .................................................................... 5-262
Testing Engineer .................................................................................... 4-41, 4-42
force contact inputs .....................................................................5-300 error messages ....................................................................................7-5
force contact outputs ..................................................................5-300 setting not working ...................................................................... 5-262
lamp test ................................................................................................. 7-3 unit not programmed error ...................................................... 5-123
LEDs ........................................................................................................... 7-3 TxGOOSE
self-test error messages .................................................................. 7-5 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-11
TFTP
port, close ............................................................................................ 5-86
put cannot be done ........................................................................ 5-86
settings ................................................................................................. 5-86 U
The URS file is part of a device folder ...................................... 10-9 UDP for TFTP .......................................................................................... 5-86
Thermal overload protection UL certification ...................................................................................... 2-37
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-278 Unable to access device ................................................................. 3-57
settings ...............................................................................................5-276 Unable to put relay in flash mode .......................................... 10-12
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-25 Unauthorized access
Tilda on front panel ............................................................................ 4-15 commands .......................................................................................... 5-27
resetting ..................................................................................................7-2
Unauthorized firmware attempt message .......................... 7-10
Unauthorized setting write message ...................................... 7-10
xii D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INDEX
Underfrequency Virtual outputs

FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-152 actual values .........................................................................................6-5
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-248 explained ............................................................................................5-287
settings ...............................................................................................5-247 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-153
specifications ......................................................................................2-23 settings ...............................................................................................5-287
Undervoltage Voltage banks .....................................................................................5-125
auxiliary .................................................................................................2-22 Voltage deviation specifications ................................................ 2-36
characteristics .................................................................................5-231 Voltage elements ..............................................................................5-231
phase .......................................................................................2-22, 5-232 Voltage metering
settings ...............................................................................................5-232 actual values ...................................................................................... 6-16
Unexpected restart error .................................................................. 7-9 specifications ..................................................................................... 2-27
Uninstall .................................................................................. 10-18, 10-19 Voltage restraint characteristic ................................................5-204
Unit not programmed ....................................................................5-123 VT fuse failure
Unit not programmed message ................................................... 7-6 FlexAnalogs ............................................................................................A-9
Unpacking the relay ............................................................................. 3-1 FlexLogic operands .......................................................................5-151
Unreturned messages alarm .....................................................5-122 logic diagram ...................................................................................5-275
Update SCL files prompt ..................................................................4-40 settings ...............................................................................................5-274
Updates VT inputs ........................................................................... 3-11, 5-6, 5-125
device not recognized .................................................................10-11 VT wiring ................................................................................................... 3-12
firmware .............................................................................................10-11 VTFF .................................................................................................5-274, A-9
instruction manual ............................................................................. 3-1
order code .............................................................................................. 7-3
software .............................................................................................10-10 W
URS file does not include IEC 61850 configuration ..........10-9
Warning messages in Engineer .................................................. 4-42
URS file is part of a device folder ................................................10-9
Warning symbol in Offline Window .......................................... 4-40
URS settings file ............................................................3-60, 5-45, 10-6
Warranty .................................................................................................... D-1
User accounts
Wattmetric zero-sequence directional
add ...........................................................................................................5-13
actual values ...................................................................................... 6-20
authentication by device or server ..........................................5-15
passwords for settings and commands .......... 4-30, 5-9, 5-10
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-221
User-definable displays settings ...............................................................................................5-217
example ..............................................................................................5-115
specifications ..................................................................................... 2-22
invoking and scrolling ..................................................................5-114
Waveform files, view ......................................................................... 4-51
settings ...............................................................................................5-114
Web access port .................................................................................. 5-85
specifications ......................................................................................2-26
Web server protocol .......................................................................... 5-85
User-programmable LEDs
Windows requirement ..................................................................... 3-45
custom labels .....................................................................................4-24
defaults ..................................................................................................4-23
Wire size
CT/VT ...................................................................................................... 3-11
settings ...............................................................................................5-105
G.703 and fiber interface .............................................................. 3-37
specifications ......................................................................................2-26
G.703 interface .................................................................................. 3-30
User-programmable pushbuttons
RS422 and fiber interface ............................................................ 3-36
RS422 interface ................................................................................. 3-34
logic diagrams ................................................................................5-112
settings ...............................................................................................5-108
Wiring diagram .......................................................................................3-9
specifications ......................................................................................2-26 Withdrawal from operation .........................................10-18, 10-19
User-programmable self-test settings .................................5-106 Wrong transceiver message ...........................................................7-9
V X
Vibration testing specifications ...................................................2-36 XOR gate explained ........................................................................... 4-54
Virtual inputs
actual values ......................................................................................... 6-4
commands ............................................................................................. 7-2 Y
explained ...........................................................................................5-283 Yellow caution icon in Offline Window ................................... 4-40
logic diagram ...................................................................................5-283
settings ...............................................................................................5-283
D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL xiii

INDEX
Z
Zero-sequence core balance ....................................................... 3-12
xiv D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Safety symbols and definitions ..................................................................... 1-1

2 PRODUCT 2.1 Product description......................................................................................... 2-1

3 INSTALLATION 3.1 Unpack and inspect......................................................................................... 3-1

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL iii

3.2.3 Rear terminal layout............................................................................................................3-8

4 INTERFACES 4.1 EnerVista software interface......................................................................... 4-1

iv D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

4.2.4 Menu hierarchy ...................................................................................................................4-16

5 SETTINGS 5.1 Settings menu .................................................................................................. 5-1

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL v

5.6.5 FlexLogic timers............................................................................................................... 5-161

6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.1 Actual values menu......................................................................................... 6-1

vi D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

6.3.7 Virtual outputs ....................................................................................................................... 6-5

7 COMMANDS AND 7.1 Commands menu ............................................................................................ 7-1

8 APPLICATION OF 8.1 Application guidelines .................................................................................... 8-1

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL vii

8.3 Series compensated lines .............................................................................. 8-5

9 THEORY OF 9.1 Distance elements........................................................................................... 9-1

10 MAINTENANCE 10.1 Monitoring.......................................................................................................10-1

viii D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

A FLEXANALOG A.1 FlexAnalog items .............................................................................................A-1

B RADIUS SERVER B.1 RADIUS server configuration ......................................................................... B-1

C COMMAND LINE C.1 Command line interface .................................................................................C-1

D MISCELLANEOUS D.1 Warranty ...........................................................................................................D-1

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL ix

x D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

This chapter outlines safety and technical support information.

1.1 Safety symbols and definitions

Indicates practices not related to personal injury.

1.1.1 General cautions and warnings

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1-1

1.2 For further assistance

1-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Figure 1-1: Generate service report

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1-3

1-4 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Chapter 2: Product description

This chapter outlines the product, order codes, and specifications.

2.1 Product description

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 2-1

2-2 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Figure 2-1: Single-line diagram

Table 2-2: Other device functions

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 2-3

2.2.0.1 EnerVista security

2.2.0.2 Password security

2.2.0.3 CyberSentry security

CyberSentry user roles

2-4 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Figure 2-2: CyberSentry user roles

The table lists user roles and their corresponding capabilities.

Table 2-3: Permissions by user role for CyberSentry

D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 2-5

Roles Administrator Engineer Operator Supervisor Observer

CyberSentry user authentication

2-6 D30 LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

• Device Authentication (local UR device authenticates)

D30 - * ** - * * * - F - H - M - P - U - W/X Full Size Horizontal Mount

D30 - * ** - * * * - F - H - M - P - U - W/X Full Size Horizontal Mount