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    CH 6

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    Raditya TA
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    CH 6

    Uploaded by

    Raditya TA
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    hmmm

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    Ch6

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    18 views3 pages

    CH 6

    Uploaded by

    Raditya TA
    hmmm

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Ch6

    Q1
    What point defects are possible for MgO as an impurity in Al2O3? How many
    Mg2+ ions must be added to form each of these defects?

    Answer: For every Mg2+ ion that substitutes for Al3+ in Al2O3, a single positive
    charge is removed. Thus, in order to maintain charge neutrality, either a positive
    charge must be added or a negative charge must be removed.
    Positive charges are added by forming Al3+ interstitials, and one Al3+ interstitial
    would be formed for every three Mg2+ ions added.
    Negative charges may be removed by forming O2- vacancies, and one oxygen
    vacancy would be formed for every two Mg2+ ions added.

    Q2
    Calculate the number of vacancies per cubic meter in iron at 855°C. The energy for
    vacancy formation is 1.08 eV/atom. Furthermore, the density and atomic weight
    for Fe are 7.65 g/cm3 and 55.85 g/mol, respectively.

    ANS:

    Determination of the number of vacancies per cubic meter in iron at 855°C (1128
    K) requires the utilization of Equations 6.1 and 6.2 as follows:

    And incorporation of values of the parameters provided in the problem statement into

    the above equation leads to

    = 1.2 × 1018 cm-3 = 1.2 × 1024 m-3


    Q3
    Would you expect Frenkel defects for anions to exist in ionic ceramics in relatively
    large concentrations? Why or why not?

    ANS:

    Frenkel defects for anions would not exist in appreciable concentrations because
    the anion is quite large and is highly unlikely to exist as an interstitial.

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