16 Qualities of SriRama

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This is exactly what Sita Piratti explains to Sati Anusuya in Sri Ramayanam when the latter suggests to

Sita that her pAtivratyam (being a devout wife) to Rama is convenient as Rama is “shodasha guna
paripUrnan” , “endowed with 16 perfect qualities/virtues” (that Rama is a perfect man in all aspects –
there are only righteous virtues in Him, no one can find a fault in Him) and hence it does not take an
effort to practice “swarUpa prayukta dasyam” to Him.

After all Rama is the ‘Idol’ of Dharma based on the declaration “Ramo vigrahavan dharmaha”. If we were
to give ‘dharma’ a form or shape(statue or idol), we would end up with a form that would be none other
than ‘Rama’. Same with Krishna “Krishnam dharmam sanatanam”

Valmiki asks Narada if there is any one in this world with the following virtues –

“konvasmin sampradam loke gunavan, kascha viryavan, dharmajnascha, krutajnascha, satya vakhyo,
dhrudavrataha. Charitrenacha koyuktaha, sarva bhuteshu kohitaha, vidvan kaha, kassamarthascha,
kschaika priyadarsanaha. Atmavan ko jitakrodhaha, dyutiman koanasuyakaha, kasya bibyati devascha
jataroshasya samyuge”.

Here Valmiki lists out the 16 virtues

1. Gunavan (virtuous) [கணவவனன]

2. Viryavan (invincible, undefeatable/valorous/valiant) [வவரனயவவனன]

3. Dharmajnaha (righteous, blameless) [தரனமஜனனஹவ]

4. Krutajnaha (grateful, obliged) [கனரதஜனனஹவ]


5. Satyavakhyaha (would fulfill his word or what he says becomes the truth) [சதனயவவகனயஹவ]

6. Drudhavrataha (determined, steadfast, resolute) [தனரடவனரதஹவ]

7. Charitrena yuktaha (of impeccable character, blemishless) [சரரதனரரனயகனதஹவ]

8. Sarvabhuteshu hitaha (well wisher of all beings) [சரனவபரதஷஷஹரதஹவ]

9. Vidvan (omniscient, all-knowing) [வரதனவவனன]

10. Samartaha (omnipotent, all-capable) [சமரனதனதஹவ]

11. Priyadarshanaha (bewitching, captivating, pleasant looking), [பனரரயதரனஷனஹவ]

12. Atmavan (controller of all beings), [ஆதனமவவனன]

13. Jitakrodhaha (who has conquered anger) [ஜரதகனரரவதஹவ]

14. Dyutiman (of – lustrous, brilliant, resplendent, glowing personality…) [தனயதரமவனன]

15. Anasuyakaha (un-envious) and [அனசயகவஹவ]

16 Bibyati devaha (feared by the gods(devas). [பரபனயதரரதவஹவ]

Narada confirms to Valmiki that it would be hard to find a man with these qualities, only Rama possesses
the virtues he mentioned.
Anasuya continues.. “When you have a husband like Rama, it is easy to practice unconditional
relationship with such a person. Anyone in your position can do it. Yet, you have the advantage of being
devout to a husband such as Rama who possesses only good virtues. How very convenient to be in your
position to practice your natural relationship with a perfect man.

Sita explains that her unconditional devotion to Rama is not based on His qualities and virtues, she
would still be the same to Him even if He was ugly, not a king, not having all the virtues. In the same
way, Rama accepted Guha (hunter), Sugriva (monkey king), Vibhishana (a rakshasa – brother of ravana)
as His brothers, unconditionally, irrespective of their status in comparison with His own. So did Krishna
as a friend of Sudhama who was a childhood friend.

We normally love and show affection when people do things we want; say things we like. This is also true
to our relationship with God. We worship God because we think He can take care of our problems (in
reality He does not involve Himself unless we offer our total surrender thru an Acharya; after
surrendering we do not seek anything except to serve Him and His people) . We should worship Him
because of our relationship with Him, not because of the benefits we can derive from Him.

If we maintain relationships based on usefulness, our affection is only to the extent of their usefulness
and not with them.

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