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    Civil Engineering Drawing & Graphics: Setting A New Drawing & Different Coordinate Systems

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    aenanrocks
    1) The document discusses setting up new drawings in CAD by defining units, limits, and zooming. It also covers different coordinate systems including Cartesian and polar coordinates. 2) Cartesian coordinates can be absolute, specifying distances from 0,0, or relative, specifying distances from the previous point. Polar coordinates specify distance and angle from the previous point. 3) Examples are provided for entering absolute Cartesian, relative Cartesian, and polar coordinates to draw shapes at specific distances and angles.

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    Civil Engineering Drawing & Graphics: Setting A New Drawing & Different Coordinate Systems

    Uploaded by

    aenanrocks
    20 views20 pages
    1) The document discusses setting up new drawings in CAD by defining units, limits, and zooming. It also covers different coordinate systems including Cartesian and polar coordinates. 2) Cartesian coordinates can be absolute, specifying distances from 0,0, or relative, specifying distances from the previous point. Polar coordinates specify distance and angle from the previous point. 3) Examples are provided for entering absolute Cartesian, relative Cartesian, and polar coordinates to draw shapes at specific distances and angles.

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    1) The document discusses setting up new drawings in CAD by defining units, limits, and zooming. It also covers different coordinate systems including Cartesian and polar coordinates. 2) Cartesian coordinates can be absolute, specifying distances from 0,0, or relative, specifying distances from the previous point. Polar coordinates specify distance and angle from the previous point. 3) Examples are provided for entering absolute Cartesian, relative Cartesian, and polar coordinates to draw shapes at specific distances and angles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views20 pages

    Civil Engineering Drawing & Graphics: Setting A New Drawing & Different Coordinate Systems

    Uploaded by

    aenanrocks
    1) The document discusses setting up new drawings in CAD by defining units, limits, and zooming. It also covers different coordinate systems including Cartesian and polar coordinates. 2) Cartesian coordinates can be absolute, specifying distances from 0,0, or relative, specifying distances from the previous point. Polar coordinates specify distance and angle from the previous point. 3) Examples are provided for entering absolute Cartesian, relative Cartesian, and polar coordinates to draw shapes at specific distances and angles.

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    Civil Engineering Drawing &

    Graphics
    LECTURE-3
    SETTING A NEW DRAWING &
    DIFFERENT COORDINATE
    SYSTEMS
    CONTENTS

     Settingup a New Drawing.


     Understanding Different Coordinate Systems.
     Drawing Specific Shapes Using Different
    Methods.
    SETTING UP A NEW DRAWING
    Defining Drawing Units:
    The first step after starting a new drawing is to set
    its unit type and limits.
    Units are set through the Drawing Units dialog box.
    Drawing units dialog box can be opened by one of
    the following methods:
     Format → Units
     Type units in Command Line → Press Enter
     Type un in Command Line → Press Enter
    SETTING UP A NEW DRAWING
    Defining Drawing Limits:
    One can specify the area of drawing, also called
    the limits. The drawing limits are the outer
    edges of the drawing, specified in X,Y
    coordinates. The limits define an artificial and
    invisible boundary of the drawing. However, one
    can draw outside the limits.
    SETTING UP A NEW DRAWING
    Defining Drawing Limits:
    Limits are set through the LIMITS COMMAND.
    Limits command can be started by one of the
    following methods:
    Format → Drawing Limits
    Type limits in Command Line → Press Enter
    SETTING UP NEW DRAWING
    Zoom
    After defining the Limits it is required to Zoom
    All the view. This will bring the full area within
    the display window.
    To zoom all the view do one of the following
     View → Zoom → All
     Type z in Command Line → Enter → a → Enter
     Click Zoom All Button from Standard Toolbar.
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Cartesian Coordinate System
    In UCS icon the arrow marked X points along
    the positive direction of X-axis. This means that
    as you go in the direction of the arrow, the X
    coordinates increase. Similarly the arrow
    marked Y points along the positive direction of
    Y-axis.
    Every point on the screen can be specified
    using X and Y coordinates. This is called a
    Cartesian coordinate system.
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Cartesian Coordinate System
    For Cartesian coordinates place the X
    coordinate first, then a comma (but no space),
    and then the Y coordinate. By default, the
    intersection of the X,Y axes is 0,0. Use negative
    numbers for points to the left of the X axis or
    below the Y axis.
    Cartesian coordinates are of two types
    a) Absolute Cartesian coordinates
    b) Relative Cartesian coordinates
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Cartesian Coordinate System
    a) Absolute Cartesian coordinates
    When an object is drawn by entering the
    actual coordinates, such as a line from point
    3,2 to 6,9, these are known as absolute
    Cartesian coordinates. Absolute coordinates
    are measured from 0,0.
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Cartesian Coordinate System
    b) Relative Cartesian coordinates
    Relative coordinates specify the X and Y
    distance from the immediate previous point.
    They are called relative because they are
    measured relative to a point previously
    specified.
    To specify relative coordinates @ symbol is
    used before specifying X and Y coordinates.
    In relative Cartesian coordinates origin is
    immediate previous point.
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Cartesian Coordinate System
    b) Relative Cartesian coordinates
    After specifying a starting point following
    syntax is used to specify the relative
    coordinates of next point:
    @X,Y
    it can be @X,Y or @-X,Y or @X,-Y or @-X,-Y
    When you specify a positive number, the
    direction is positive. However, if you want to
    draw a line in the negative direction of an axis,
    type a minus sign before the number.
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Cartesian Coordinate System
    b) Relative Cartesian coordinates

    A B
    4
    For a line AB, 4 units long, if A is starting
    point then relative Cartesian coordinates of
    point B will be as follows
    @4,0
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Polar Coordinates
    Another common situation is to draw a point
    whose length and angle from either 0,0 or a
    previous point is known. In this case, polar
    coordinates are used, which can be either
    absolute or relative. Most commonly, relative
    polar coordinates are used.
    Polar coordinates take the form
    distance<angle. (To type the angle symbol, use
    the less-than symbol on your keyboard.)
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Polar Coordinates
    @ symbol is used to specify the relative
    polar coordinates.
    There is NO comma (,) with polar entries.
    @50<45 is correct
    @50,<45 is wrong
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    How to Input Fractional Distances
    When typing architectural units, partial inches
    are indicated by fractions in the form a/b. You
    need to separate the fraction from the whole
    number by a hyphen. This can be a little
    confusing because the hyphen is also used for
    negative numbers. For example, to draw
    horizontal line of 5 1⁄4 inches in the negative
    direction of the X axis, type -5-1/4,0.
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS
    Examples
    EXERCISE
    Absolute Cartesian Coordinates
    EXERCISE
    Relative Cartesian Coordinates
    EXERCISE
    Polar Coordinates
    EXERCISE
    Drawing Using the Specific Distances:

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