Electric Charges PDF

Chapter 16
Electric Charges and Fields
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. If a body has positive charge on it, then it means it has
(1) Gained some protons (2) Lost some protons
(3) Gained some electrons (4) Lost some electrons
Sol. Answer (4)
Due to lack of electron body get positive charge.
2. Sure check for presence of electric charge is

(1) Process of induction (2) Repulsion between bodies
(3) Attraction between bodies (4) Frictional force between bodies
Sol. Answer (2)
Due to similar (like charge), repulsion force is possible but attraction force may be due to uncharged body.
3. If a solid and a hollow conducting sphere have same radius then

(1) Hollow sphere will hold more maximum charge
(2) Solid sphere will hold more maximum charge
(3) Both the spheres will hold same maximum charge
(4) Both the sphere can’t hold charge
Sol. Answer (3)
Excess charge spread on outer surface only from their property.
4. When a conducting soap bubble is negatively charged then

(1) Its size starts varying arbitrarily (2) It expands
(3) It contracts (4) No change in its size takes place
Sol. Answer (2)
Due to repulsion force between diametrically opposite wall, it expands.
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2 Electric Charges and Fields Solution of Assignment
5. Five balls marked a to e are suspended using separate threads. Pairs (b, c) and (d, e) show electrostatic
repulsion while pairs (a, b), (c, e) and (a, e) show electrostatic attraction. The ball marked a must be
(1) Negatively charged (2) Positively charged
(3) Uncharged (4) Any of the above is possible
Sol. Answer (3)
6. When a plastic rod rubbed with wool is brought near the knob of a negatively charged gold leaf electroscope,
the gold leaves
(1) Contract (2) Dilate
(3) Start oscillating (4) Collapse completely
Sol. Answer (2)
7. Coulomb’s law is analogous to

(1) Charge conservation law (2) Newton’s second law of motion
(3) Law of conservation of energy (4) Newton’s law of gravitation
Sol. Answer (4)
Coulomb’s law and Newton’s law of gravitation are inverse square law.
8. Two point charges Q1 and Q2 exert a force F on each other when kept certain distance apart. If the charge
on each particle is halved and the distance between the two particles is doubled, then the new force between
the two particles would be
F F F F
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 4 8 16
Sol. Answer (4)
Given
KQ1Q2
F …(i)
r
Q1
if, Q1 
2
Q2
Q2 
2
& r = 2r
F
Then = F1 
16
9. Two equally charged identical small balls kept some fixed distance apart exert a repulsive force F on each
other. A similar uncharged ball, after touching one of them is placed at the mid-point of line joining the two
balls. Force experienced by the third ball is
F
(1) 4F (2) 2F (3) F (4)
2
Solution of Assignment Electric Charges and Fields 3
Sol. Answer (3)
First case : Q Q
r
KQ 2
F1  F  …(i)
r2
Q
Q F1 2 F2
Second case : Q
2 r r
2 2
FNet  F2  F1
K Q2 4 K Q2 4
 
4.r 2 2r 2
KQ 2
F
r2
Force remain’s constant
10. Two equal point charges A and B are R distance apart. A third point charge placed on the perpendicular
bisector at a distance ‘d’ from the centre will experience maximum electrostatic force when
R R
(1) d  (2) d  (3) d  R 2 (4) d  2 2R
2 2 2
Sol. Answer (1)
F
F2 F1
KQ 2  
F1  F2 
⎡ 2 R2 ⎤ R2 a
d2 
⎢d  4 ⎥ 4 
⎣ ⎦ R
2 d
FN = F1 cos + F2 cos (+)Q R (+)Q
= 2F1 cos =
KQ 2 d 1
FN  2. .
⎛ 2 R2 ⎞ ⎡ 2 R2 ⎤ 2
⎜⎝ d  4 ⎟⎠ ⎢d  4 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
dF
If F = Maximum than 0
d ”d '
R
So we get  
2 2
11. A charged gold leaf electroscope has its leaves apart by certain amount having enclosed air. When the
electroscope is subjected to X-rays, then the leaves
(1) Further dilate (2) Start oscillating (3) Collapse (4) Remain unaltered
Sol. Answer (3)
12. Two equal positive charges Q are fixed at points (a, 0) and (–a, 0) on the x-axis. An opposite charge –q at
rest is released from point (0, a) on the y-axis. The charge –q will
(1) Move to infinity (2) Move to origin and rest there
(3) Undergo SHM about the origin (4) Execute oscillatory periodic motion but not SHM
Sol. Answer (4)
–q
In question
F2 F1
Net force on q is not proportional to (x) 
as F  (–x) [For SHM] x
(+)Q (+)Q
but Net force on q is
x = –a x = +a
K q. Q x
F 1
x 2
 a2  2
This is condition for periodic motion
13. Four charges each equal to Q are placed at the four corners of a square and a charge q is placed at the
centre of the square. If the system is in equilibrium then the value of q is
Q –Q Q –Q
(1) (1  2 2) (2) (1  2 2) (3) (1  2 2) (4) (1  2 2)
2 4 4 2
Sol. Answer (2)
Net force on Q due to other corner charge is Q Q
F123 = F3  F12  F22

F4
2l
= F3  2 F1
F1
Q
KQ 2
2KQ 2 F2
=  Q
2l 2 l2 F3
Force on Q1 due to centre charge –q
KQq
F4  .2
l2
If net force on corner charge Q is zero
Then
F123 + F4 = 0
Q⎡
So q   1  2 2 ⎤⎦
4⎣
14. Which of the following is not true about electric charge?

(1) Charge on a body is always integral multiple of certain charge known as charge of electron
(2) Charge is a scalar quantity
(3) Net charge on an isolated system is always conserved
(4) Charge can be converted into energy and energy can be converted into charge
Sol. Answer (4)
A rest charge cannot be converted into energy.
15. What is the amount of charge possessed by 1 kg of electrons?
(1) 1.76 × 1011 C (2) 1.76 × 10–9 C (3) 1.76 × 10–7 C (4) 1.76 × 10–5 C
Sol. Answer (1)
∵ me  9.1  10 31kg
qe  1.6  10 19 C
So charge due to 1 kg electron
1.6  10 19
Q  1.76  1011C
9.1  10 31
16. According to Coulomb’s Law, which is correct relation for the following diagram?
q1 F12 F21 q2
(1) q1 q2 < 0 (2) q1 q2 > 0 (3) q1 q2 = 0 (4) q1 q2 >> 100 C
Sol. Answer (1)
Both charge should be unlike charge
q1 = +Q , q2 = –Q
So q1 q2 = –Q2
So q1 q2 = Negative
So q1 q2 < 0
17. A charge q is to be distributed on two conducting spheres. What should be the value of the charges on the
spheres so that the repulsive force between them is maximum when they are placed at a fixed distance from
each other in air?
q q q 3q q 2q q 4q
(1) and (2) and (3) and (4) and
2 2 4 4 3 3 5 5
Sol. Answer (1)
Force between both is
K Q  q  Q
F
r2
If F = maximum then
dF
0
dQ
q
So Q 
2
q q
So both charge be ,
2 2
18. A point charge q1 exerts an electric force on a second point charge q2. If third charge q3 is brought near, the
electric force of q1 exerted on q2
(1) Decreases
(2) Increases
(3) Remains unchanged
(4) Increases if q3 is of same sign as q1 and decreases if q3 is of opposite sign
Sol. Answer (3)
Electric force between ‘2’ charge do not depend on the ‘3’rd charge.

19. Three charges +4q, Q and q are placed in a straight line of length l at points 0,and distance away from
2
one end respectively. What should be Q in order to make the net force on q to be zero?
q
(1) –q (2) 4q (3) – (4) –2q
2
Sol. Answer (1)
FNet on q is l
x
x=0 2 x=l
K .4q 3 KQq.4
F  +4q Q q
l2 l2
If F = 0 then
Q = –q
20. A particle of mass m and carrying charge –q1 is moving around a charge +q2 along a circular path of radius
r. Find period of revolution of the charge –q1
163 0 mr 3 83 0 mr 3 q1 q2
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
q1 q2 q1 q2 163 0 mr 3
Sol. Answer (1)

mv 2 1 q1 q2 
 .
r 4 0 r 2 q2
m
1 r (–q)
⎡ 1 q1 q 2 ⎤ 2
v ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 4  0 rm ⎦
For 1 trip
2 r 1
T   2r  4  0 mr   q1 q 2  2
v
16 3  0 mr 3
T 
q1 q2
21. Consider three point objects P, Q and R. P and Q repel each other, while P and R attract. What is the nature
of force between Q and R?
(1) Repulsive force (2) Attractive force (3) No force (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (2)
22. Which of the following processes involves the principle of electrostatic induction?
(1) Pollination (2) Chocolate making (3) Xerox copying (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
These are properties of electrostatic induction.
23. The electric field intensity at a point in vacuum is equal to

(1) Zero
(2) Force a proton would experience there
(3) Force an electron would experience there
(4) Force a unit positive charge would experience there
Sol. Answer (4)
This is defination of electric field.
24. A sphere of radius r has electric charge uniformly distributed in its entire volume. At a distance d from the
centre inside the sphere (d < r) the electric field intensity is directly proportional to
1 1
(1) (2) (3) d (4) d 2
d d2
Sol. Answer (3)
Electric field inside volume charge is given by q
d
1 qd
E  r
4  0 r 3
Ed
25. The electric field at 2R from the centre of a uniformly charged non-conducting sphere of radius R is E. The
R
electric field at a distance from the centre will be
2
(1) Zero (2) 2E (3) 4E (4) 16E
Sol. Answer (2)
Kq
Given E  2R 2
  …(i)
R
Kq.
Then E '  2 …(ii)
R3
Find E' = 2E
26. In a uniform electric field if a charge is fired in a direction different from the line of electric field then the
trajectory of the charge will be a
(1) Straight line (2) Circle (3) Parabola (4) Ellipse
Sol. Answer (3)
F = qE = m ax y
(+q)
⎡ qE ⎤ y
ax  ⎢ ⎥
⎣m⎦ x
(E)
1
Then, x  0  ax t 2 …(i) x
2
y
But y = uxt then t 
ux
1 qE y 2
So, x  .
2 m u2
so x  y2 for parabola
27. A positively charged pendulum is oscillating in a uniform electric field pointing upwards. Its time period as
compared to that when it oscillates without electric field
(1) Is less (2) Is more (3) Remains unchanged (4) Starts fluctuating
Sol. Answer (2)
Effective g decreases.
28. How many electrons should be removed from a coin of mas 1.6 g, so that it may float in an electric field of
intensity 109 N/C directed upward?
(1) 9.8 × 107 (2) 9.8 × 105 (3) 9.8 × 103 (4) 9.8 × 101
Sol. Answer (1)
qE = mg
neE = mg
mq
Use n 
eE
29. ABC is an equilateral triangle. Charges +q are placed at each corner. The electric field intensity at the centroid
of triangle will be
A +q
O r
+q +q
B C
1 q 1 3q 1 q
(1)  2 (2)  2 (3)  (4) Zero
40 r 40 r 40 r
Sol. Answer (4)

FN = 0
30. A charge Q is placed at the centre of a square. If electric field intensity due to the charge at the corners of
E
the square is E1 and the intensity at the mid point of the side of square is E2, then the ratio of 1 will be
E2
1 1
(1) (2) 2 (3) (4) 2
2 2 2
Sol. Answer (3)
1 Q2
E1  …(i)
4  0 l 2
1 Q4
E2 
4  0 l 2
E2 = 2E1
E1 1

E2 2
31. Point charges each of magnitude Q are placed at three corners of a square as shown in the diagram. What
is the direction of the resultant electric field at the fourth corner?
B C
D +Q
A
O E
+Q –Q
(1) OC (2) OE (3) OD (4) OB

Sol. Answer (4)
Resultant force act along OB
32. Two charges e and 3e are placed at a distance r. The distance of the point where the electric field intensity
will be zero is
r r
(1) from 3e charge (2) from e charge
(1  3 ) (1  3 )
r r
(3) from 3e charge (4) from e charge
(1– 3 ) 1
1
3
Sol. Answer (2)

Net electric field at P is zero then e P 3e
O = E1 – E2 x r
E1 = E2
ke k 3e

x 2
 r  x 2
1 3
so, 
x r x
r  x  3x
r  x ⎡⎣1  3 ⎤⎦
r
x

1 3 
33. If electric lines of force in a region are represented as shown in the figure, then one can conclude that, electric
field is
(1) Non-uniform (2) Uniform

(3) Both uniform and non-uniform (4) Zero everywhere
Sol. Answer (1)
Diverging electric line of force denote non-uniform electric field.
34. An uncharged sphere of metal is placed in a uniform electric field produced by two oppositely charged plates.
The lines of force will appear as
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Sol. Answer (3)
35. An electron released on the axis of a positively charged ring at a large distance from the centre will
(1) Not move (2) Do oscillatory motion (3) Do SHM (4) Do non periodic motion
Sol. Answer (2)
k Q x
FN  q. 3
x 2
 r2  2
For SHM
F  (–x)
36. Electric charge Q, Q and –2Q respectively are placed at the three corners of an equilateral triangle of side
a. Magnitude of the electric dipole moment of the system is
(1) 2Qa (2) 3Qa (3) Qa (4) 2Qa
Sol. Answer (2) Q
P1 = Q.a
P2 = Q.a q
P1
P  P12  P22  2PP
1 2 cos 
P2 
Q q –2Q
PN  3 Q.a
37. An electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field experiences maximum moment of couple when the dipole
is placed
(1) Against the direction of the field (2) Towards the electric field
(3) Perpendicular to the direction of the field (4) At 135° to the direction of the field
Sol. Answer (3)
 = PE sin
For  = 90°
 = Max.
38. Force of interaction between two co-axial short electric dipoles whose centres are R distance apart varies
as
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
R R2 R3 R4
Sol. Answer (4)
–Q +Q –Q +Q
K 6P1 P2
F
r4 r
39. Two charges of +25 × 10–9 coulomb and –25 × 10–9 coulomb are placed 6 m apart. Find the electric field
intensity ratio at points 4 m from the centre of the electric dipole (i) on axial line (ii) on equatorial line
1000 49 500 49
(1) (2) (3) (4)
49 1000 49 500
Sol. Answer (1)
k.2Pr
Eaxial 
r 
2 …(i)
2
 l2
k.p
Eeq.  3
r 2
 l2  2
…(ii)
Eaxial 1000
Find E  49
eq
40. The electric force on a point charge situated on the axis of a short dipole is F. If the charge is shifted along
the axis to double the distance, the electric force acting will be
F F F
(1) 4F (2) (3) (4)
2 4 8
Sol. Answer (4)
1⎡ 1⎤
F F  3⎥
r 3 ⎢⎣ r ⎦
If r1 = 2r
F
Then force become
8
41. An electric dipole is placed at an angle 60° with an electric field of strength 4 × 105 N/C. It experiences a
torque equal to 8 3 Nm . Calculate the charge on the dipole, if dipole is of length 4 cm
(1) 10–1 C (2) 10–2 C (3) 10–3 C (4) 10–4 C

Sol. Answer (3)
 = PE sin
8 3  ⎡⎣q  4  102 ⎤⎦ . 4  105 sin60
find q = 10–3
42. Figure shows electric lines of forces due to charges Q1 and Q2. Hence
Q1 Q2
(1) Q1 and Q2 both are negative (2) Q1 and Q2 both are positive
(3) Q1 > Q2 (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
43. Figure shows electric lines of force. If Ex and Ey are the magnitudes of electric field at points x and y
respectively, then
x
y
(1) Ex > Ey (2) Ex = Ey (3) Ex < Ey (4) Any of these

Sol. Answer (1)
44. A charge q is situated at the centre of a cube. Electric flux through one of the faces of the cube is
q q q
(1)  (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) Zero
0 0 0
Sol. Answer (3)

q
Total  of 6 surface  
0
q
 One surface 
60
45. A charge Q is placed at the centre of the open end of a cylindrical vessel. Electric flux through the surface
of the vessel is
q q 2q
(1) 2 (2)  (3) 0 (4) Zero
0 0
Sol. Answer (1)

If charge Q is surrounded with two cylinder then flux of ‘2’ cylinder is
q
 
0
q
Flux of one cylinder = 2 
0
46. A hemispherical surface of radius R is kept in a uniform electric field E as shown in figure. The flux through
the curved surface is
E
(1) E2R2 (2) ER2 (3) E4R2 (4) Zero

Sol. Answer (2)
qNet = 0 So Net = 0
in +out = 0
out = –in = –[E.R2cos180°]
= E.R2
47. Total electric flux associated with unit positive charge in vacuum is
1 1
(1) 40 (2) 4 (3)  (4) 0
0 0
Sol. Answer (3)

q

 0 for q = 1
1

0
48. A charged body has an electric flux F associated with it. Now if the body is placed inside a conducting shell
then the electric flux outside the shell is
(1) Zero (2) Greater than F (3) Less than F (4) Equal to F
Sol. Answer (4)
Charge remains constant so flux remains constant.
49. A cylinder of radius R and length L is placed in a uniform electric field E parallel to the cylinder axis. The
outward flux over the surface of the cylinder is given by
R 2E
(1) 2R2E (2) (3) 2RLE (4) R2E
2
Sol. Answer (4)
Not net flux only outward flux
φ = ER2
50. A rectangular surface of sides 10 cm and 15 cm is placed inside a uniform electric field of 25 V/m, such
that the surface makes an angle of 30° with the direction of electric field. Find the flux of the electric field
through the rectangular surface
(1) 0.1675 N/m2C (2) 0.1875 Nm2/C (3) Zero (4) 0.1075 Nm2/C
Sol. Answer (2)
25 V/m
φ = EAcos30°
= 0.1875 Nm2/C
30°
15 cm A
10 cm
51. If an electric field is given by 10iˆ  3 jˆ  4kˆ , calculate the electric flux through a surface of area 10 units lying
in yz plane
(1) 100 units (2) 10 units (3) 30 units (4) 40 units
Sol. Answer (1)

E  10lˆ  3 jˆ  4kˆ

A  10lˆ

So,   E.A  100 unit
52. The electric field in a region is radially outward and at a point is given by E = 250 r V/m (where r is the
distance of the point from origin). Calculate the charge contained in a sphere of radius 20 cm centred at the
origin
(1) 2.22 × 10–6 C (2) 2.22 × 10–8 C (3) 2.22 × 10–10 C (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (3)
1 Q
E  .
4  0 r 2
9  109.Q
250r 
r2
Use r = 20 × 10–2 m
Find Q = ?
Q = 2.22 × 10–10 C
53. There is uniform electric field of 8  103 iˆ N/C. What is the net flux (in SI units) of the uniform electric field
through a cube of side 0.3 m oriented so that its faces are parallel to the coordinate plane?
(1) 2 × 8 × 103 (2) 0.3 × 8 × 103 (3) Zero (4) 8 × 106 × 6
Sol. Answer (3)

E  8  103 iˆ N/C (Uniform)
here q = 0
So = 0
54. A charge Q is kept at the corner of a cube. Electric flux passing through one of those faces not touching
that charge is
Q Q Q Q
(1) 24 (2) 3 (3) 8 (4) 6
0 0 0 0
Sol. Answer (1)

q
 Net 
8  0 (Of 3 surface)
q
 One surface 
24  0
55. An isolated solid metal sphere of radius R is given an electric charge. Which of the graphs below best shows
the way in which the electric field E varies with distance x from the centre of the sphere?
E E E E
(1) (2) (3) (4)
O R x O R x O R x O x
Sol. Answer (3)

kq
E outside 
r2
Einside = 0
56. The electric field intensity at P and Q, in the shown arrangement, are in the ratio
q
r P
a 3q
2r
b Q
Fig.: Hollow concentric shell
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 2 : 1 (3) 1 : 1 (4) 4 : 3

Sol. Answer (3)
kq
EP  …(i)
r2
kq k.3q
EQ  
 2r  2
 2r 2
k q k .3q
 
4 r 2 4r 2
kq
 …(ii)
r2
EP : EQ = 1 : 1
57. Consider an atom with atomic number Z as consisting of a positive point charge at the centre and surrounded
by a distribution of negative electricity uniformly distributed within a sphere of radius R. The electric field at
a point inside the atom at a distance r from the centre is
Ze ⎡ 1 r ⎤ Ze ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ 2Ze
– 
40 ⎢⎣ r 2 R 3 ⎥⎦
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
40 ⎢⎣ r 2 R 3 ⎥⎦ 4 0 r 2
Sol. Answer (1)

E = E1 – E2
k.ze k zer
E= 
r2 R3
58. An electron is rotating around an infinite positive linear charge in a circle of radius 0.1 m, if the linear charge
density is 1 C/m, then the velocity of electron in m/s will be
(1) 0.562 × 107 (2) 5.62 × 107 (3) 562 × 107 (4) 0.0562 × 107
Sol. Answer (2)
mv 2
qE
r
mv 2 
 e.
r 2 0 r
v  5.62  107 m/s

59. A dipole with an electric moment p is located at a distance r from a long thread charged uniformly with a

linear charge density . Find the force F acting on the dipole if the vector p is oriented along the thread
p p p
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
20 r 2 20 r 20 r 
Sol. Answer (4) + +
F1 = F2
+ + F1
So, FN = 0 +
F2
–
+ +
 
60. For two infinitely long charged parallel sheets, the electric field at P will be + +
+ +
+ +
    + +
(1) – (2)  + +
2 x 2(r – x ) 20 x 2(r – x )0 + x +
+ P +
+ +
 + +
(3)  (4) Zero + +
0 r
Sol. Answer (4)
 
EN = E1 – E2   =0
2 0 2 0
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. Select the correct statement about electric charge
(1) Charge can be converted into energy and energy can be converted into charge
(2) Charge of a particle increases with increase in its velocity
(3) Charge on a body is always integral multiple of a certain charge called charge of electron
(4) Charge on a body is always positive or zero
Sol. Answer (3)
Quantization of charge.
2. Figure shows electric field lines due to a charge configuration, from this we conclude that
q2
q1
(1) q1 and q2 are positive and q2 > q1 (2) q1 and q2 are positive and q1 > q2
(3) q1 and q2 are negative and |q1| > |q2| (4) q1 and q2 are negative and |q2| > |q1|
Sol. Answer (2)
(i) Electric field lines originates from positive charge.
(ii) Higher the number of field lines originating from positive charge, greater is magnitude of charge.
3. Figure shows three concentric metallic spherical shells. The outermost shell has charge q2, the inner most shell
has charge q1, and the middle shell is uncharged. The charge appearing on the inner surface of outermost shell is
r1 r2
r3
q2
(1) q1 + q2 (2) (3) –q1 (4) Zero
2
Sol. Answer (3)
–q'
Suppose a guassian surface passes through q' q2
conducting shell with radius (r3) q1
Flux through it well be zero. So, net charge
r1
enclosed must be zero.
r2
 q1 + q' = 0 r3
q' = –q1
4. Six point charges are placed at the vertices of a hexagon of side 1m as shown in figure. Net electric field at the
centre of the hexagon is
–q –q
q –q
O
q q
6q q q
(1) Zero (2) 4 (3)  (4) 4
0 0 0
Sol. Answer (3)

–q –q
1 q
Electric field at O due to each charge is E 
4  0 1 2
q –q
So, net electric field (Enet) is,
⇒ E net  E 2  E 2  2E 2 cos120  2E q q
q
⇒ E net  4E 
 0
5. A proton and an -particle having equal kinetic energy are projected in a uniform transverse electric field as shown
in figure
(1) Proton trajectory is more curved
(2) -particle trajectory is more curved
(3) Both trajectories are equally curved but in opposite direction + + + + + + + + +
(4) Both trajectories are equally curved and in same direction
Sol. Answer (2)
-particle has more charge than proton
 Strong electric force on -particle and more curved path.

6. Electric field in a region is uniform and is given by E  aiˆ  bˆj  ckˆ . Electric flux associated with a surface of area

A  R 2 iˆ is
(1) aR2 (2) 3aR2 (3) 2abR (4) acR

Sol. Answer (1)

  E.A  aR 2
7. Which of the following is not true about electric charge?

(1) Charge is a scalar quantity
(2) Charge on an isolated system is always conserved
(3) A particle having nonzero rest mass can have zero charge
(4) A particle having zero rest mass can have non zero charge
Sol. Answer (4)
Charge is always associated with mass
 particle with zero rest mass can never have a charge.
8. If 0 is permittivity of free space, e is charge of proton, G is universal gravitational constant and mp is mass of a
e2
proton then the dimensional formula for is
4 0Gmp 2
(1) [M1L1T–3A–1] (2) [M0L0T0A0] (3) [M1L3T–3A–1] (4) [M–1L–3T4A2]

Sol. Answer (2)
G M P2
Gravitational force F1 
r2
1 e2
Electrostatic force F2  4  r 2
0
F2 e2

F 1 4  0G M P2
 Dimension less [ M° L° T° A°]
9. Two positive point charges of unequal magnitude are placed at a certain distance apart. A small positive test
charge is placed at null point, then
(1) The test charge is in unstable equilibrium (2) The test charge is in stable equilibrium
(3) The test charge is in neutral equilibrium (4) The test charge is not in equilibrium
Sol. Answer (1)
N
Q1 q Q2
When charge is displaced above, it gets repelled and move away from null point.
Hence, unstable equilibrium.
10. Three particles are projected in a uniform electric field with same velocity perpendicular to the field as shown.
Which particle has highest charge to mass ratio?
C
––––––––––– B
A
+++++++++++
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) All have same charge to mass ratio
Sol. Answer (3)
Charge with maximum curved path has highest charge to mass ratio.
11. An infinite line charge is at the axis of a cylinder of length 1 m and radius 7 cm. If electric field at any point on the
curved surface of cylinder is 250 NC–1, then net electric flux through the cylinder is
(1) 1.1 × 102 Nm2 C–1 (2) 9.74 × 10–6 Nm2 C–1 (3) 5.5 × 106 Nm2 C–1 (4) 2.5 × 102 Nm2 C–1
Sol. Answer (1)
Charge enclosed is (q) = (1)
7cm

E   250
2  0  0.07  +
+
+
+
+ +
+ + 1 cm
So,  = 500(0.07) +
+
+
+
+ +
+ +
q
Electric flux through cylinder =  = 500 (0.07)
0
1.1 × 102 Nm2 C–1
12. A small conducting sphere is hanged by an insulating thread between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor as
shown in figure. The net force on the sphere is
A B
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
+ –
(1) Towards plate A (2) Towards plate B (3) Upwards (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (4)
A B
+ –
+ – + –
– +
–
+ – ++ –
– +
+ –
+ –
Net force on sphere will be zero.
13. Which of the following is not the unit of charge?

(1) Farad (2) Coulomb (3) Stat coulomb (4) Faraday
Sol. Answer (1)
Farad is not a unit of charge
14. If two charges of 1 coulomb each are placed 1 km apart, then the force between them will be
(1) 9 × 103 N (2) 9 × 10–3 N (3) 9 × 10–4 N (4) 10–6 N
Sol. Answer (1)
9  109 11
F  9  103 N
1000  2
15. The magnitude of electric field strength E such that an electron placed in it would experience an electrical force
equal to its weight is given by
mg e e2 g
(1) mge (2) (3) (4)
e mg 2m
Sol. Answer (2)
mg = eE
mg
E
e
16. The figure shown is a plot of electric field lines due to two charges Q1 and Q2. The sign of charges is
Q1
Q2
(1) Both negative (2) Q1 positive and Q2 negative

(3) Both positive (4) Q1 negative and Q2 positive
Sol. Answer (1)
Electric field lines terminates at negative charge
17. The figure shows electric field lines. If EA and EB are electric fields at A and B and distance AB is r, then
A
B
(1) EA > EB (2) EA = EB/r (3) EA < EB (4) EA = EB/r2

Sol. Answer (1)
EA > EB
 Closes the electric field lines, stronger is electric field.
18. Electric charge q, q and –2q are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle ABC of side L. The magnitude
of electric dipole moment of the system is
(1) qL (2) 2qL (3) 3qL (4) 4qL
Sol. Answer (3) +q
P = qL
Pnet  P 2  P 2  2P 2 cos 60 P

60°
Pnet  3P  3qL –q P +q
19. A given charge situated at a certain distance from a short electric dipole in the end on position experience
a force F. If the distance of the charge is doubled, the force acting on the charge will be
F F F
(1) 2F (2) (3) (4)
2 4 8
Sol. Answer (4)
1
F = qE and E 
r3
on doubling the distance
E
E' 
8
F
So, F ' 
8

20. The torque  acting on an electric dipole of dipole moment p in an electric field E is

(1)   p ·E (2)   p  E (3)   p E (4)   pE
Sol. Answer (2)

  P E
21. An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges each of magnitude 1C separated by a distance of 2 cm.
The dipole is placed in an external field of 105 N/C. The maximum torque on the dipole is
(1) 2 × 10–4 N m (2) 2 × 10–3 N m (3) 4 × 10–3 N m (4) 10–3 N m
Sol. Answer (2)
Max. torque max = pE sin90°
= (1 × 10–6) (2 × 10–2) (105)
= 2 × 10–3 Nm
22. A charge Q is situated at the centre of a cube. The electric flux through one of the faces of the cube is
Q Q Q Q
(1)  (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 6
0 0 0 0
Sol. Answer (4)

Q
Total flux through cube      (Six surfaces)
0
Q
Flux through each face = 6 
0
23. A charge q is placed at the centre of the open end of a cylindrical vessel. The flux of the electric field through the
surface of the vessel is
q q 2q
(1) Zero (2) (3) (4)
0 20 0
Sol. Answer (3)
q
Total flux through the cylindrical gaussian surface = 
0
.q
1
Flux through open cylinder = (Total flux)
2
q
= 2
0
24. A charged body has an electric flux  associated with it. The body is now placed inside a metallic container. The
flux , outside the container will be
(1) Zero (2) Equal to  (3) Greater than  (4) Less than 
Sol. Answer (2)
Gaussian surface
+ +++++++++++
+ +
+ – – +–+– – –– +
+ + ++ – +
+ + + –
– +
+ + + –
– +
+ +
+ – – – – – – +
+ +
+ +++++++++++
Metallic container
Charged body
As same charge is enclosed

 Same flux outside the container
25. The given figure shows, two parallel plates A and B of charge densities + and – respectively. Electric intensity
will be zero in region
I II III
A B
(1) I only (2) II only (3) III only (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
+ –
(i) (ii) (iii)
P M
   
0 0 0 0
A B
At points P and M is zero.
26. If the electric field intensity in a fair weather atmosphere is 100 V/m, then the total charge on the earth’s surface
is (radius of the earth is 6400 km)
(1) 4.55 × 107 C (2) 4.55 × 108 C (3) 4.55 × 105 C (4) 4.55 × 106 C
Sol. Answer (3)
V
E  100 R = 6400 km
m
By Gauss law
q
EA  ⇒ q  EA 0
0

⇒ q  200 4 6400  103    8.85  10
2 12
 q = 4.55 × 105 C
27. A sphere of radius R has a uniform distribution of electric charge in its volume. At a distance x from its centre for
x < R, the electric field is directly proportional to
1 1
(1) (2) (3) x (4) x2
x2 x
Sol. Answer (3)
In non-conducting sphere,
If x < R (radius)
kQx
then E 
R3
Or E  x
28. The electric field at 20 cm from the centre of a uniformly charged non-conducting sphere of radius 10 cm is E.
Then at a distance 5 cm from the centre it will be
(1) 16 E (2) 4 E (3) 2 E (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (3)
R = 10 cm, r = 20 cm
kQ
E
 0.22
Now at r = 5 cm
kQ  0.05
E' 
 0.13
E '  0.05
3 
0.2  2
2
Now, 
E  0.1
E' = 2E
29. When two particles having charges q1 and q2 are kept at a certain distance, they exert a force F on each other.
If the distance between the two particles is reduced to half and the charge on each particle
is doubled then the force between the particles would be
(1) 2F (2) 4F (3) 8F (4) 16F
Sol. Answer (4)
kq1q2
F
r2
k  2q1  2q2 
Now, F '  2
⎛r⎞
⎜⎝ ⎟⎠
2
⎡ kq q ⎤
F '  8 ⎢ 12 2 ⎥  8 F
⎣ r ⎦
30. Charge 2Q and –Q are placed as shown in figure. The point at which electric field intensity is zero will be
somewhere
–Q +2Q
(1) Between –Q and 2Q
(2) On the left of –Q
(3) On the right of 2Q
(4) On the perpendicular bisector of line joining the charges
Sol. Answer (2)
–Q +2Q
In case of two charges of opposite polarity, neutral point always lies outside the line joining charges and
closes to smaller magnitude charge.
31. If a small sphere of mass m and charge q is hung from a silk thread at an angle  with the surface of a
vertical charged conducting plate, then for equilibrium of sphere, the surface charge density of the plate is
⎛ mg ⎞ ⎛ 2mg ⎞ ⎛ mg ⎞
(1) 0 ⎜ ⎟ tan  (2) 0 ⎜ ⎟ tan  (3) 0(mgq)tan  (4) 0 ⎜ ⎟ tan 
⎝ q ⎠ ⎝ q ⎠ ⎝ 3q ⎠
Sol. Answer (1)
q + +
T
T sin  0 + + T cos
 
T cos  mg + +
+ + q
T sin 0
q + +
tan   mg
 0 mg + +
 0 mg tan 

q
32. Two long thin charged rods with charge density  each are placed parallel to each other at a distance d apart.
⎛ 1 ⎞
The force per unit length exerted on one rod by the other will be ⎜ where k  ⎟
⎝ 40 ⎠
k 2 k 2 2 k 2 k 2 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
d d d2 d2
Sol. Answer (2)  
+ +
 + +
Electric field due to rod (1) at distance ‘d’ = 2   d + +
0 (1) (2)
+ +
F qE ⎡  ⎤ + +
So, force per unit length l  l   ⎢ 2  d ⎥ + +
⎣ 0 ⎦ d
k 2 2
=
d
33. The dimensional formula of linear charge densityis

(1) [M–1L–1T+1A] (2) [M0L–1T+1A] (3) [M–1L–1T+1A–1] (4) [M0L–1T+1A–1]
Sol. Answer (2)
Q
Linear charge density () =
L

 AT   ⎡M0L1 T1A1 ⎤
L ⎣ ⎦
34. Two isolated metallic spheres of radii 2 cm and 4 cm are given equal charge, then the ratio of charge density
on the surfaces of the spheres will be
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 8 : 1 (4) 1 : 4
Sol. Answer (2)
Q
Surface charge density () =
4 r 2
1

r2
1 r22 42 4
   r 2  22  1
2 1
35. If the number of electric lines of force emerging out of a closed surface is 1000, then the charge enclosed
by the surface is
(1) 8.854 × 10–9 C (2) 8.854 × 10–4 C (3) 8.854 × 10–1 C (4) 8.854 C
Sol. Answer (1)
q
  1000 
0
q = 8.854 × 10–12 ×1000

q = 8.854 × 10–9C
36. A charge of 1 coulomb is located at the centre of a sphere of radius 10 cm and a cube of side 20 cm. The
ratio of outgoing flux from the sphere and cube will be
(1) More than one (2) Less than one
(3) One (4) Nothing certain can be said
Sol. Answer (3)
If charge inclosed same, electric flux will be same.
37. Gauss’s law can help in easy calculation of electric field due to
(1) Moving charge only (2) Any charge configuration
(3) Any symmetrical charge configuration (4) Some special symmetric charge configuration
Sol. Answer (4)
For easy calculation of electric field using Gauss' law, gaussian surfaces having some special symmetry with
respect to charge configuration is used.
38. An electric dipole when placed in a uniform electric field E will have minimum potential energy, when the angle
made by dipole moment with field E is
3 
(1)  (2) (3) Zero (4)
2 2
Sol. Answer (3)

U = –pE cos
For Umin  = 0° So, Umin = –pE
39. An electric dipole is placed in non-uniform electric field. It may experience

(1) Resultant force and couple (2) Only resultant force
(3) Only couple (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

Electric dipole in non uniform E may experience force, or couple.
40. Each of two large conducting parallel plates has one sided surface area A. If one of the plates is given a
charge Q whereas the other is neutral, then the electric field at a point in between the plates is given by
Q Q Q
(1) A (2) 2 A (3) 4 A (4) Zero
0 0 0
Sol. Answer (2) +Q

 Q Q Q Q
Q
E net  2 2 +2 2 2
4 A 0 –
+ Q –
Q + 4A 0 –
= 4 A + –
0 Q
+ –
4 A 0
41. If atmospheric electric field is approximately 150 volt/m and radius of the earth is 6400 km, then the total
charge on the earth’s surface is
(1) 6.8 × 105 coulomb (2) 6.8 × 106 coulomb (3) 6.8 × 104 coulomb (4) 6.8 × 109 coulomb
Sol. Answer (1)
E = 150 V/m
R = 6400 km
Using Gauss' Law
q
⇒ EA 
0

⇒ 150 4 6400  103     q
2
q = 150 × 4 ×(6400 ×103)2 × 8.854 × 10–12

q = 6.8 × 105 C
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. The electric field in a certain region is acting radially outward and is given by E = Ar. A charge contained in
a sphere of radius 'a' centred at the origin of the field, will be given by [AIPMT-2015]
(1)  0 Aa 3 (2) 4 0 Aa 2 (3) A 0a 2 (4) 4 0 Aa 3
Sol. Answer (4)
Let charge enclosed in the sphere of radius is q. According to Gauss theorem,

q
∫ E.ds   0
q
E.4r 2  a
0
q
4Ar 3 
0
r=a
then
q  4  0 Aa 3
2. Two pith balls carrying equal charges are suspended from a common point by strings of equal length, the
equilibrium separation between them is r. Now the strings are rigidly clamped at half the height. The equilibrium
separation between the balls now become [NEET-2013]
y
y/2
r r
2
⎛ r ⎞ ⎛ 2r ⎞ ⎛ 2r ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞
(1) ⎜ 3 ⎟ (2) ⎜ ⎟ (3) ⎜ ⎟ (4) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 2⎠
Sol. Answer (1)
K .Q 2
T sin   …(i)
r2
T cos
T cos = mg …(ii) 
T T sin
i K .Q 2
tan  
ii mg.r 2
mg
⇒ r .tan 1  r .tan  2
1
2
2
2
r r 2 .2
⇒ r 2.  r 22 .
2y 2.y
r3 r3
⇒  2
2y y
r
⇒ r2  1
23
3. What is the flux through a cube of side a if a point charge of q is at one of its corner?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
q q 2 2q q
(1)  (2) 2 6a (3) 0 (4) 8
0 0 0
Sol. Answer (4)

Qinc. Q
net  
0  0 (through eight cubes)
a
Flux through one cube = 8 
0
4. A charge Q is enclosed by a Gaussian spherical surface of radius R. If the radius is doubled, then the outward
electric flux will [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Be doubled (2) Increase four times (3) Be reduced to half (4) Remain the same
Sol. Answer (4)
Flux does not depend upon size of surface.
5. Two positive ions, each carrying a charge q, are separated by a distance d. If F is the force of repulsion between
the ions, the number of electrons missing from each ion will be (e being the charge on an electron)
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
40 Fd 2 40 Fe 2 40 Fd 2 40 Fd 2

(1) (2) (3) (4)
e2 d2 e2 q2
Sol. Answer (3)
Force between two ions
K .Q1.Q2
F
d2
1  ne 
2
⇒ . F
4  0 d 2
⇒ n2.e2 = Fd2.40
⇒ n  Fd 2 .4 0
e2
3R
6. The electric field at a distance from the centre of a charged conducting spherical shell of radius R is E.
2
R
The electric field at a distance from the centre of the sphere is [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
2
E E
(1) Zero (2) E (3) (4)
2 3
Sol. Answer (1)

Electric field inside the shell is zero.
7. A thin conducting ring of radius R is given a charge +Q. The electric field at the centre O of the ring due to the
charge on the part AKB of the ring is E. The electric field at the centre due to the charge on the part ACDB of
the ring is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
A
K
C B
O
D
(1) 3E along OK (2) 3E along KO (3) E along OK (4) E along KO
Sol. Answer (3)
E along OK, Since E at the centre must be zero.
8. Three point charges +q, –2q and +q are placed at points (x = 0, y = a, z = 0), (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and (x =
a, y = 0, z = 0) respectively. The magnitude and direction of the electric dipole moment vector of this charge
assembly are [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) 2 qa along + x direction
(2) 2 qa along + y direction
(3) 2 qa along the line joining points (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and (x = a, y = a, z = 0)

(4) qa along the line joining points (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and (x = a, y = a, z = 0)
Sol. Answer (3)

y p
–2q x
o p
q
pnet  2p  2qa
9. A hollow cylinder has a charge q coulomb within it. If the electric flux in units of volt × metre associated with the
curved surface B, the flux linked with the plane surface A in units of volt × metre will be [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
B
C A
q 1⎛ q ⎞ q 
(1)    (2) 2 ⎜    ⎟ (3) 2 (4)
0 ⎝ 0 ⎠ 0 3
Sol. Answer (2)
Q B
Net flux through the all surface = 
0
Flux through curved surface =  C A
1⎛ Q ⎞
Hence, flux through plane surface  ⎜  ⎟
2 ⎝ 0 ⎠

10. An electric dipole moment P is lying along a uniform electric field E . The work done in rotating the dipole by
90° is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
pE
(1) 2 pE (2) (3) 2pE (3) pE
2
Sol. Answer (4)
11. A square surface of side L metre is in the plane of the paper. A uniform electric field E (volt/m), also in the
plane of the paper, is limited only to the lower half of the square surface (see figure). The electric flux in SI units
associated with the surface is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
EL2 EL2
(1) (2) (3) Zero (4) EL2
2 0 2
Sol. Answer (3)

net  E.A  EA cos  | ∵   90
=0
12. A charged cloud system produces an electric field in the air near the earth’s surface. A particle of charge –2 × 10–9
C is acted on by a downward electrostatic force of 3 × 10–6 N when placed in this field. The gravitational and
electrostatic force, respectively, exerted on a proton placed in this field are
(1) 1.64 × 10–26 N, 2.4 × 10–16 N (2) 1.64 × 10–26 N, 1.5 × 103 N
(3) 1.56 × 10–18 N, 2.4 × 10–16 N (4) 1.5 × 103 N, 2.4 × 10–16 N
Sol. Answer (1)
F = Q.E
F 3  10 6
⇒E    1.5  10 3
q 2  10 9
Hence force on proton = FP = QP.E
= (1.6 ×10–19) × (1.5 ×103 )
= 2.4 × 10–16 N
Gravity force on proton = FG = mg
= 1.6 × 10–27 × 10
= 1.64 × 10–26 N
13. The frequency of oscillation of an electric dipole moment having dipole moment p and rotational inertia I,
oscillating in a uniform electric field E is given
(1) (1/2) I /pE (2) (1/2) pE /I (3) (2) pE /I (4) (2) I /pE
Sol. Answer (2)
PE
1 w I  1 . P.E
n  
T 2 2 2 I
14. What is the net charge on a conducting sphere of radius 10 cm? Given that the electric field 15 cm from the
center of the sphere is equal to 3 × 103 N/C and is directed inward
(1) –7.5 × 10–5 C (2) –7.5 × 10–9 C (3) 7.5 × 10–5 C (4) 7.5 × 10–9 C
Sol. Answer (2)
Qinc. Q
E.A. 
0
 
⇒ 3  103  4r 2  inc.
0
3  103  152 75  10
⇒ Qinc.  =  7.5  10 9 C
9  10  100
9
109
15. The given figure gives electric lines of force due to two charges q1 and q2. What are the signs of the two
charges?
(1) q1 is positive but q2 is negative (2) q1 is negative but q2 is positive

(3) Both are negative (4) Both are positive
Sol. Answer (3)
Electric field is directed from positive to negative charge.
16. A charge q is placed at the centre of the line joining two exactly equal positive charges Q. The system of
three charges will be in equilibrium, if q is equal to
Q Q
(1) –Q (2) (3)  (4) +Q
2 4
Sol. Answer (3)
Net force on Q due to other charges +Q q +Q
K .Q.q K .Q.Q

r2 4r 2
Q
⇒Q 
4
17. A point charge +q is placed at the mid-point of a cube of side l. The electric flux emerging from the cube is
6ql 2 q q
(1) (2) 6l 2  (3) Zero (4) 
0 0 0
Sol. Answer (4)

Qinc .
  E .A. 
0
Q
⇒  net 
0
18. A point Q lies on the perpendicular bisector of an electrical dipole of dipole moment p. If the distance of Q
from the dipole is r (much larger than the size of the dipole), then the electric field at Q is proportional to
(1) p2 & r –3 (2) p & r –2 (3) p–1 & r –2 (4) p & r –3
Sol. Answer (4)
Q
p
E  3
∵ r >> a

4  0 . r 2  a 2  2
–q r +q
a
p

4  0 .r 3
⇒ E  p, E  r 3
19. A particle of mass m and charge q is placed at rest in a uniform electric field E and then released. The kinetic
energy attained by the particle after moving a distance y is
(1) qEy (2) qE2y (3) qEy2 (4) q2Ey
Sol. Answer (1)
F = QE
F qE
a 
m m
1
Hence, K .E.  mv 2
2
1 ⎛ 2qEy ⎞
m⎜
=
2 ⎝ m ⎟⎠
= qEy
20. A hollow insulated conducting sphere is given a positive charge of 10 C. What will be the electric field at the
centre of the sphere if its radius is 2 metre?
(1) 20 C m–2 (2) 5 C m–2 (3) Zero (4) 8 C m–2
Sol. Answer (3)
Electric field at the centre is zero.
21. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction between two
charges separated by a distance
(1) Increases K times (2) Remains unchanged (3) Decreases K times (4) Increases K–2 times
Sol. Answer (3)
1 Q1.Q2
Fair  .
4 0 r 2
Fair
Fmedium  ⇒ decreases by k times
k
22. Electric field at centre O of semicircle of radius a having linear charge density  is given as
a
O
2   
(1)  a (2)  a (3) 2 a (4)  a
0 0 0 0
Sol. Answer (3)

dl
k.d  k. .dl  k.. a.d k . 2  1 ⎛ ⎞ d
dE  2 =   .∫ d  = .⎜ ⎟
a a 2
a 2
a 0 2  0
⎝ a⎠ 
a

23. A dipole of dipole moment P is placed in uniform electric field E , then torque acting on it is given by

(1)   P  E (2)   P  E (3)   P  E (4)   P  E
Sol. Answer (2)

 P E
from formula
24. A charge q is located at the centre of a cube. The electric flux through any face of the cube is
2q 4q q q
(1) 6( 4 ) (2) 6( 4 ) (3) 6( 4 ) (4) 6( 4 )
0 0 0 0
Sol. Answer (2)
qinc. Q
 
0 0
1⎛ Q⎞
Flux through any one surface of the cube = 6 ⎜  ⎟
⎝ 0⎠
25. The unit of permittivity of free space, 0, is

(1) coulomb/newton-metre (2) newton-metre2/coulomb2
(3) coulomb2/(newton-metre2) (4) coulomb2/(newton-metre)2
Sol. Answer (3)
From formula
1 Q2
F  .
4  0 r 2
Q2
⇒ 0 
Fr 2
C2
⇒
Nm2
26. A square surface of side L meter in the plane of the paper is placed in a uniform electric field E (volt/m) acting
along the same plane at an angle  with the horizontal side of the square as shown in figure. The electric flux
linked to the surface, in units of volt-m, is
E

(1) Zero (2) EL2 (3) EL2 cos (4) EL2 sin
Sol. Answer (1)

Flux    E.A  EA cos   0 | ∵   0
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : A negatively charged body means that the body has gained electrons while a positively charged body
means the body has lost some of its electrons.
R : Charging process involves transfer of electrons.
Sol. Answer (1)
2. A : Particles such as photon or neutrino which have no rest mass are uncharged.
R : Charge cannot exist without mass.
Sol. Answer (1)
3. A : When a body is charged, its mass changes.
R : Charge is quantized.
Sol. Answer (2)
4. A : Though quark particles have fractional electronic charges, the quantum of charge is still electronic charge
(e).
R : Quark particles do not exist in free state.
Sol. Answer (1)
5. A : An electron has negative charge by definition.

R : Charge of a body depends on its velocity.
Sol. Answer (3)
6. A : A point charge cannot exert force on itself.
R : Coulomb force is a central force.
Sol. Answer (2)
7. A : Since matter cannot be concentrated at a point, therefore point charge is not possible.
R : An electron is a point charge.
Sol. Answer (3)
8. A : A finite size charged body may behave like a point charge if it produces an inverse square electric field.
R : Two charged bodies may be considered as point charges if their distance of separation is very large
compared to their dimensions.
Sol. Answer (2)
9. A : The path traced by a positive charge is a field line.
R : A field line can intersect itself.
Sol. Answer (4)
10. A : If electric flux over a closed surface is negative then the surface encloses net negative charge.
R : Electric flux is independent of the charge distribution inside the surface.
Sol. Answer (2)
11. A : We may have a Gaussian surface in which less number of field lines enter and more field lines come
out.
R : The electric field E in the Gauss’s law is only due to the enclosed charges.
Sol. Answer (3)
12. A : The equilibrium of a charged particle under the action of electrostatic force alone can never be stable.
R : Coulombian force is an action-reaction pair.
Sol. Answer (2)
13. A : The field in a cavity inside a conductor is zero which causes electrostatic shielding.
R : Dielectric constant of conductors in electrostatics is infinite.
Sol. Answer (2)
14. A : If dipole moment of water molecules were zero, then microwave cooking would not be possible.
R : In a microwave oven the water molecules vibrate due to oscillating electric field in microwave and heat
the food.
Sol. Answer (1)
15. A : Electric field lines are continuous curves in free space.
R : Electric field lines start from negative charge and terminate at positive charge.
Sol. Answer (3)
16. A : When an electric dipole is placed in uniform electric field, net force on it will be zero.
R : Force on the constituent charges of the dipole will be equal and opposite when it is in uniform electric
field.
Sol. Answer (1)
17. A : Gauss’ theorem is applicable on any closed surface.
R : In order to find the value of electric field due to a charge distribution, Gauss’ theorem should be applied
on a symmetrical closed surface.
Sol. Answer (2)


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Chapter 16

Electric Charges and Fields

2. Sure check for presence of electric charge is

3. If a solid and a hollow conducting sphere have same radius then

4. When a conducting soap bubble is negatively charged then

7. Coulomb’s law is analogous to

This is condition for periodic motion

F123 = F3  F12  F22

14. Which of the following is not true about electric charge?

Sol. Answer (1)

23. The electric field intensity at a point in vacuum is equal to

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) OC (2) OE (3) OD (4) OB

Sol. Answer (2)

(1) Non-uniform (2) Uniform

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Answer (3)

(1) 2Qa (2) 3Qa (3) Qa (4) 2Qa

Sol. Answer (2) Q

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) 10–1 C (2) 10–2 C (3) 10–3 C (4) 10–4 C

8 3  ⎡⎣q  4  102 ⎤⎦ . 4  105 sin60

(1) Ex > Ey (2) Ex = Ey (3) Ex < Ey (4) Any of these

Sol. Answer (3)

Sol. Answer (1)

(1) E2R2 (2) ER2 (3) E4R2 (4) Zero

Sol. Answer (3)

Sol. Answer (1)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Answer (3)

Fig.: Hollow concentric shell

(1) 1 : 2 (2) 2 : 1 (3) 1 : 1 (4) 4 : 3

Sol. Answer (1)

v  5.62  107 m/s

Sol. Answer (3)

(1) aR2 (2) 3aR2 (3) 2abR (4) acR

7. Which of the following is not true about electric charge?

(1) [M1L1T–3A–1] (2) [M0L0T0A0] (3) [M1L3T–3A–1] (4) [M–1L–3T4A2]

 Dimension less [ M° L° T° A°]

1.1 × 102 Nm2 C–1

13. Which of the following is not the unit of charge?

(1) Both negative (2) Q1 positive and Q2 negative

(1) EA > EB (2) EA = EB/r (3) EA < EB (4) EA = EB/r2

(1) qL (2) 2qL (3) 3qL (4) 4qL

Sol. Answer (3) +q

Pnet  P 2  P 2  2P 2 cos 60 P

Sol. Answer (4)

Sol. Answer (3)

As same charge is enclosed

At points P and M is zero.

(2) On the left of –Q

(3) On the right of 2Q

(4) On the perpendicular bisector of line joining the charges

Sol. Answer (2)

Sol. Answer (1)

33. The dimensional formula of linear charge densityis

q = 8.854 × 10–12 ×1000

Sol. Answer (3)

39. An electric dipole is placed in non-uniform electric field. It may experience