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    Altitude Simulation For Transportation Testing of Packaging: Note # 09-24

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    Rajesh
    1) Vacuum chambers can be used to simulate high altitude conditions that packaging may experience during transportation by air or ground in order to test the packaging's ability to withstand changes in atmospheric pressure. 2) A simple vacuum system consists of a vacuum chamber, pump, gauge, inlet and vent valves, and can reach pressures equivalent to altitudes up to 16,000 feet based on ASTM standards. 3) Testing the packaging in a vacuum chamber subjects it to reduced pressures similar to high altitudes and can identify any damage or deformation from transportation conditions.

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    Altitude Simulation For Transportation Testing of Packaging: Note # 09-24

    Uploaded by

    Rajesh
    41 views2 pages
    1) Vacuum chambers can be used to simulate high altitude conditions that packaging may experience during transportation by air or ground in order to test the packaging's ability to withstand changes in atmospheric pressure. 2) A simple vacuum system consists of a vacuum chamber, pump, gauge, inlet and vent valves, and can reach pressures equivalent to altitudes up to 16,000 feet based on ASTM standards. 3) Testing the packaging in a vacuum chamber subjects it to reduced pressures similar to high altitudes and can identify any damage or deformation from transportation conditions.

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    Transportation study

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    Transportation study

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    1) Vacuum chambers can be used to simulate high altitude conditions that packaging may experience during transportation by air or ground in order to test the packaging's ability to withstand changes in atmospheric pressure. 2) A simple vacuum system consists of a vacuum chamber, pump, gauge, inlet and vent valves, and can reach pressures equivalent to altitudes up to 16,000 feet based on ASTM standards. 3) Testing the packaging in a vacuum chamber subjects it to reduced pressures similar to high altitudes and can identify any damage or deformation from transportation conditions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views2 pages

    Altitude Simulation For Transportation Testing of Packaging: Note # 09-24

    Uploaded by

    Rajesh
    1) Vacuum chambers can be used to simulate high altitude conditions that packaging may experience during transportation by air or ground in order to test the packaging's ability to withstand changes in atmospheric pressure. 2) A simple vacuum system consists of a vacuum chamber, pump, gauge, inlet and vent valves, and can reach pressures equivalent to altitudes up to 16,000 feet based on ASTM standards. 3) Testing the packaging in a vacuum chamber subjects it to reduced pressures similar to high altitudes and can identify any damage or deformation from transportation conditions.

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    Note # 09-24 Altitude Simulation for

    Transportation Testing of Packaging

    Scope
    This application note covers the use of vacuum chambers to simulate altitude for transportation testing of packaging.

    Background
    Just as a high altitude mountain climber will experience lower oxygen levels due to reduced atmospheric pressure, packaging
    will be exposed to pressure changes associated to high altitude transportation. Simulation testing can be done to determine
    the effect on the packaging. Altitude simulation using a vacuum chamber is one form of test for the effects packaging may
    experience during transportation. Altitude simulation systems may also include vibration, heating and/or cooling controls to
    simulate other environmental conditions

    Description
    Products transported via aircraft can experience altitudes as high as 36,000 ft (10,973 m) and up to 12,000 ft (3,658 m) for
    ground transportation. When exposed to high altitude conditions, packaging may be damaged or negatively affected by
    pressure changes. Transportation simulation based on vacuum technology can be used to measure the performance of
    packaging material and construction exposed to environmental extremes associated with transport. A vacuum test method can
    determine the effects of transport via certain modes of transport, such as non-pressurized aircraft or trucks which travel over
    high mountain passes.
    A simple vacuum system for transportation simulation consists of a vacuum chamber, vacuum pump, vacuum gauge, vacuum
    inlet and vent valve. The vacuum chamber should be sized appropriately to hold the package with a few inches extra on all
    sides to allow for expansion. More advanced systems can have automated controls that automatically sequence through the
    test cycle and can even control pressurization and depressurization rates. Installing the vacuum chamber on a vibration table is
    another option to enhance the testing capability of a system.
    Once the packaging has been loaded into the vacuum chamber the system should be evacuated to an appropriate pressure
    equivalent for the altitude to be attained. Altitude and duration of the testing may be modified as appropriate for the shipping
    environment typical to what the package will encounter, but ASTM D 6653 recommends pressure of equivalent to 16,000 ft and
    duration of 60 minutes (see Table 1.1 for pressure conversion for vacuum).
    Table 1.1 Pressure Conversion Table

    Altitude (ft) Torr (mm Hg) In Hg Absolute psi


    0 760.0 29.92 14.70
    1000 732.9 28.85 14.018
    5000 632.3 24.89 12.23
    8000 564.85 22.24 10.92

    SMT-04-1018 Rev A1
    Description (continued)

    10000 522.84 20.58 10.11


    12000 483.83 19.05 9.35
    14000 446.33 17.57 8.63
    16000 411.82 16.21 7.97
    18000 379.57 14.94 7.34
    20000 349.56 13.76 6.76
    30000 225.6 8.88 4.36
    40000 140.7 5.54 2.72
    50000 87.3 3.44 1.69
    Following completion of the testing, the package should be inspected. Any change or deformation to the packaging should
    be identified and documented. Test reports should include, but not limited to a statement of the test procedure with pressure
    attained and test duration, packaging material and specifications and any changes to the package.
    This test method can also be used to leak test product packaging under high altitude conditions. For example, a batch of sealed
    liquid containers are placed in a vacuum chamber under vacuum for a predetermined time. After the chamber is vented to
    atmosphere, the operator removes the containers and inspects them for liquid residues on the exterior. A clear acrylic vacuum
    chamber can be used to perform visual leak test on packaging which contain liquid while still under vacuum.

    Benefits
    The use of a vacuum chamber and systems for transportation simulation reduces high costs including replacement costs of
    damaged product due to package failure.

    Related Products
    LACO Technologies designs and manufactures standard and custom vacuum chambers and turn-key systems that can be used
    to simulate transportation effects of packaging. Vacuum chambers applicable for this type of system include:
    • Vertical Industrial (VI) Vacuum Chambers
    • Vertical Clear (VC) Vacuum Chambers
    • Horizontal Industrial (HI) Vacuum Chambers
    • Horizontal Clear (HC) Vacuum Chambers
    • Cube Industrial (CI) Vacuum Chambers
    • Cube Clear (CC) Vacuum Chambers

    References
    • ASTM D6653 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Effects of High Altitude on Packaging Systems by Vacuum Method

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