The Efficiency of EV3 As A Coin Counter: Chapter II - RRL

Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the related literature and studies in both local and foreign aspects.
Numerous studies have been conducted about coin counter being efficient in banks as it is an
essential for such fields, but a coin counter could be even more beneficiary if it is efficient
enough with the aid of an EV3. An associated reason of EV3 being more efficient is: (1) it has a
more accurate accounting practices, an error with the counting system will be most probably the
mistake of the person in charge. (2) EV3 saves more time in accomplishing the task, has a lesser
time of preparation in making it to function, and have an easier way in fixing the future damages
(Andrea Lombardi, 2015). (3) Being accessible is the main strength of the EV3 as it is easier to
assemble that it’s even considered as one of the best prototype platforms for those who have an
interest in innovating.
FOREIGN LITERATURE
Most well-developed countries are technologically advanced which is considered as one

of the important factor for their success. Particularly in Japan, they have conducted numerous
inventions including coin recognition. According to Kazuo Toji (2013), a coin recognition is
defined as an apparatus for recognition of coin by using a magnetic sensor— it senses
characteristics like temperature, pressure, and light. It is related with the researchers’ study
considering that both methods involve a sensor that senses light. Coin counter uses light sensor
or commonly known as color sensor which is used in this study to indicate that a coin has been
inserted, this reason was taken as synonymous for coin recognition since it also uses the senses
to indicate the presence of the coin. In a simple manner, this study is not completely similar to
the researchers’ study but it is related for the reason that both methods use the same sensors.
In addition, there is also a study in United States about the coin processing. According to
Thomas P. Adams et al. (2013), the coin processing receives coin and has a coin receptacle for
slowing processed coins. The study involves a disk-type coin sorter which includes a rotatable
disk that is driven by an electric motor. The study is related for the reason that it involves a coin
processor that primarily means that it processes the coin or identifies it which is considerably
similar to the researchers’ study.
LOCAL LITERATURE
In the Philippines, coin counter machines are already considered as one of the basic
technological methods today as it has been used for numerous banks. Other fields such as
vending machines also use some related inventions such as coin slot. According to the students
of USTP— University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (2017), the function
of the coin slot is to determine the value of the coin and to eliminate any fake or invalid coin.
The study also shows that the coin slot gives off pulses depending on the value of the coin
inserted which will then be interpreted by the microcontroller for the component called
segregating servo to send command whether to accept the coin or to reject it.
Moreover, there is also another approach conducted by the students from NORSU—
Negros Oriental State University. The researchers use a coin slot that involves photoresistor or
cadmium sulphide cell that have a similar principle with a thermistor wherein the resistance
decreases as the light intensity increases. These studies are somehow more related to the
researchers’ study because it can also identify and count coins.
FOREIGN STUDIES
There has been a research made for coin recognition system conducted by the University
of Freiburg in Germany. In the research, they define their study as an automatic sorter and have
an ability to classify high-volumes of coins with great accuracy and speed. Their study also uses
algorithms to identify the difference between the coins that needs exact and precise
measurements which means that the study needs experiments. As stated in the researchers’
conclusion, the study they have conducted is based on gradient directions only and need more
enhancements to improve the accuracy of their system. The research is related for the reason that
it also involves a coin recognition which involves identifying coins.
Furthermore, there is also study conducted in IFET College of Engineering in India

(2015) about an automatic paper vending machine. This study is related to the researchers’ study
because it also includes a coin sensor. The coin sensor is used as a currency detector that has an
ability to identify if the coins are genuine or an imitation which is helpful to eliminate or to
diminish fraud. Despite of having this factor, this study cannot also avoid disadvantage such as
that the counterfeit coins insertion couldn’t be prevented because of the method used in the coin
sensor which is only based on the density and size of the coins that can be easily imitated.
LOCAL STUDIES
One research of a coin slot as a component of a microcontroller-based coin counter is

conducted by the students of USTP— University of Science and Technology of Southern
Philippines in 2017. The researchers of the coin slot particularly used a coin slot that has a pulse
sensor which is able to determine the different types of coins. As stated in the researchers’
conclusion, this study is not an exception for faults as it includes an unavoidable occurrence of
multiple counts if the proximity sensor isn’t positioned higher and if it has a low range in
capacity and speed if the design of the hopper isn’t enhanced.
There is also a study conducted about a coin separator by the students of Calamba City
Science High School in 2015, the study uses an approach that is rather different with the other
gathered studies since it does not require the usual materials used in robotics and the
programming is also not a necessity in this study. However, the study is still related for the
reason that it also highly based on the size of the coin. The study uses pieces of plywood that are
nailed and glued to each other. The coins are sorted automatically by its type based on their
size— this approach is also similar to the researchers’ study because the coins are identified by
their sizes or specifically their width.
References:
 https://www.cashtechcurrency.com/blog/5-benefits-of-a-coin-counter
 https://www.intorobotics.com/best-lego-mindstorms-ev3-robotics-projects/
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4255710_Sensing_in_Coin_Discriminators
 https://www.slideshare.net/riccikhan/review-of-related-literaturethesis-guide
 https://www.41studio.com/blog/2018/15-countries-with-higest-technology-in-the-world/
LITERATURE
FOREIGN
 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/8490771.html?fbclid=IwAR1oq41qCkjSTD9n3H
YDMVvXnuKMHO8Uyan7ZBJwl4pa4fC69fkBMVOHfGQ
 https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/13/25/d4/4d77c5728fd480/US9875593.p
df
LOCAL
 http://www.ijetjournal.org/Volume3/Issue4/IJET-V3I4P16.pdf
 https://goldjaime.weebly.com/uploads/5/9/9/2/5992325/ps_2003_format.doc
STUDY
FOREIGN
 https://lmb.informatik.uni-
freiburg.de/papers/download/DAGM07_coins.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0OxWAOI1T7NXVs
dZCyOjbW41TGZGWSClG8jrzp3iLg6tDQ32-ikqMMPp0
 http://ijsetr.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/IJSETR-VOL-4-ISSUE-4-634-639.pdf
LOCAL
 http://www.ijetjournal.org/Volume3/Issue4/IJET-V3I4P16.pdf
 http://www.academia.edu/11337523/Making_a_Coin_and_Bill_Separator

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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Most well-developed countries are technologically advanced which is considered as one

Furthermore, there is also study conducted in IFET College of Engineering in India

One research of a coin slot as a component of a microcontroller-based coin counter is

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