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Encapsulation in OOP

This document discusses encapsulation in object-oriented programming. It defines encapsulation as making class fields private and accessing them via public methods, protecting the data from external code. The importance is discussed as hiding implementation details, safely modifying classes without breaking code, and ease of use. Encapsulation combines data and behaviors in objects, and strictly controls access to object state through behaviors. An example class demonstrates encapsulation by making its code and name fields private with getter and setter methods.

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Umair Alam
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140 views

Encapsulation in OOP

This document discusses encapsulation in object-oriented programming. It defines encapsulation as making class fields private and accessing them via public methods, protecting the data from external code. The importance is discussed as hiding implementation details, safely modifying classes without breaking code, and ease of use. Encapsulation combines data and behaviors in objects, and strictly controls access to object state through behaviors. An example class demonstrates encapsulation by making its code and name fields private with getter and setter methods.

Uploaded by

Umair Alam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Encapsulation

Ata-ur-Rahman FA17-MCS-033

Umair Alam FA17-MCS-028


Contents

❖ Introduction
❖ Importance
❖ Why need Encapsulation
❖ Example

2
INTRODUCTION

❑ Encapsulation is the technique of making


the fields in a class private and providing
access to the fields via public methods.
❑ Encapsulation also can be described as a
protective barrier that prevents the code
and data being randomly accessed by other
code defined outside the class.
3
IMPORTANCE

❑ To hide the internal implementation details


of the class.
❑ Can safely modified the implementation
without worrying breaking the existing code
that uses the class.
❑ Easier to use and understand.
4
WHY NEED ENCAPSULATION

❑ Combining data and how it's manipulated in


one place: This is achieved through the state
(the private fields) and the behaviors (the
public methods) of an object.
❑ Only allowing the state of an object to be
accessed and modified through behaviors:
The values contained within an object's state
can then be strictly controlled. 5
EXAMPLE

class college void display() {


{ System.out.println(“Code is:
”+ccode+” & Name is: ”+cname);
private int ccode; }
private String cname; }

void get(int x, String y) { public class mainclass {


ccode = x; public static void main (String args[])
cname = y; { college c = new college();
} c.get(123,Ali);
c.display(); }
} 6
Contents

❖ Benefits
➢ Maintainability
➢ Flexibility
➢ Extensibility
❖ Visibility Modifiers
❖ Example

7
BENEFITS

➢ Total control over fields.


➢ The fields of a class can be made read-only
or write- only.
➢ Modify the code without effecting the code
of others.
➢ Maintainability, Flexibility and Extensibility.
8
BENEFITS (Contd.)

Maintainability: It provides a boundary around a


set of data and methods. Allows using the code
without knowing how it works.
Flexibility: Easier to visualize.
Extensibility: Makes long term development
easy. Code can be implemented Changing
without effecting the input and output formats.
9
VISIBILITY MODIFIERS

❖ Determines which class members are accessible and


which are not.
▪ Public : can be accessed from outside of the class
definition.
▪ Package(Friendly): can be accessed anywhere within the
same package.
▪ Protected : can be accessed only within the same class
definition and the definition of subclasses.
▪ Private : can be accessed only within the same class
definition. 10
EXAMPLE

11
THANKS!
Any questions?

12

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