INJSO Solutions

Indian National Junior
TM
Science Olympiad-2019
Path to success KOTA (RAJASTHAN )
Date of Examination : 2nd February, 2019
SOLUTIONS
SECTION A
Questions 1 to 30 are Multiple Choice questions with every correct answer carrying 1 mark and
every wrong answer carrying –0.25 mark.
1. Liver is an organ that maintains constant levels of different substances in the blood. Levels of one
such substance entering the liver during three types of body activities (I-III) are shown.
EN
Blood level of substance
High
Normal
Low
I II III
LL
The substance and three activities I-III respectively must be :
Substance Activity
I II III
(A) Glucose Exercise Resting Sleep
(B) CO3 Exercise Sleep After meals
A
(C) Glucose After meals Resting Exercise

(D) O2 Exercise Sleep Resting
Ans. Option (C) is correct.

Sol. According to graph, the substance is glucose, because after meals the glucose convert into glycogen
and stored in liver.
• During resting the level remain normal
• During exercise, liver start to Break down glycogen into glucose, with the help of process
glycogenolysis, and that glucose used by cells so its level decreases.
PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 1

Ph: 0744-2752600 | Email: prenurture@allen.ac.in
2. Maintaining a proper internal fluid environment is essential for any organism. Marine invertebrates
whose body fluids are isotonic to sea water can face several problems when exposed to brackish water
of estuaries or fresh water of lakes and rivers. Variation of internal osmotic concentration with external
osmotic concentration in three marine invertebrates is shown in the graph.
Osmotic concentration of body fluids

High
Shore crab
Nereis
Low Spider crab
High Low
Osmotic concentration of medium
EN Choose the correct statement.
(A) Nereis shows a better osmoregulatory capacity than shore crab.
(B) Spider crab shows the most effective regulation of osmotic concentration of body fluids among
the three invertebrates.
(C) 'When in low salt conditions, body fluid of shore crab is hypertonic compared to surrounding
medium.
(D)In order to survive in low salt conditions, spider crab has to take in salts from surrounding water.
LL
Sol. According to graph, shore crab is showing less osmoregulation. So, after exposed to luke water shore
crab body fluids remains hypertonic luke water become hypotariz (low salt conditions)
3. A newly hatched chick grows to fully adult male or female in about 18 weeks' time. During this time,
different body parts show characteristic growth pattern. In an experiment, a pair of goggles were fixed
on the eyes of a chick immediately after hatching such that only red wavelength of light passes
A
through them. When the goggles are removed at the end of 7 days, the chick develops a peculiar eye
defect. Given that longer wavelengths of light focus most posteriorly in the eye, the most likely defect
that the chick has developed is:
(A) Myopia (B) Hypermetropia
(C) Astigmatism (D) Colour blindness
Ans. Option (A) is correct.

Sol. Violet rays are converging infront of retina hence the disease is myopia.
2 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

4. During extensive activity, there is accumulation of lactic acid in muscles. This could lead cramps and
fatigue. Training of any athletic activity helps body remove lactate from the muscles and shuttle it to
other non-muscular parts. Lactate levels of 4 swimmers during recovery period are shown. Which of
these represents the best quality of clearance?
12
I
10
II
Lactate (mmoles)
8 III
6
IV
4
EN (A) I
2
(B) II
5 10 15
Recovery time (min)
(C) III
20
(D) IV
Sol. According to graph, swimmer I has highest level of lactate accumulation, and clearance within recover
LL
time (min).
5. Study the following three reactions :
(i) CO2 + H2S ¾® (CH2O)n + 2S + H2O
(ii) CO2 + S + H2O ¾® (CH2O)n + H2SO4
(iii)CO2 + H2O ¾® C6H12O6 + O2
Which reaction/s represents autotrophic nutrition?
A
(A) (iii) only (B) (i) and (iii) only

(C) (ii) and (iii) only (D) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Sol. In autotrophic nutrition organism show photosynthesis.
Two types of photosynthesis
(1) Oxygenic photosynthesis : In which water used for food formation and O2 evolved e.g. Higher
plant.
(2) Anoxygenic photosynthesis : In which H2S used for food formation and S evolved e.g. Sulphur
bacteria.

6. The oxygen consumption for four animals is tabulated below.
Animal 2 –1 –1
Oxygen consumption per kg body mass per hour (Litre O kg h
I 0.68
II 0.21
III 1.65
IV 0.07
Animals I - IV most likely could be respectively :

(A) Elephant, Cat, Human and Mouse (B) Cat, Mouse, Elephant and Human
(C) Human, Cat, Elephant and Mouse (D) Cat, Human, Mouse and Elephant
Sol. Smaller animals has higher metabolic rate and for that they need more
Oxygen in their tissue and cell.
According to table
ENAnimal Oxygen consumption
I
II -
-
III -
Cat
Human
Mouse
IV - Elephant
7. It was 3.30 in the afternoon when Ajay reached the cinema hall after 20 minutes walk from his house.
He entered the cinema hall in a hurry. It took him a few moments to see the surroundings clearly.
What changes must have occurred in his eyes during this period?
LL
Radial Muscle
Pupil
Circular Muscle
A
(A) Circular muscles relax, radial muscles relax and pupil contracts.
(B) Circular muscles relax, radial muscles contract and pupil dilates.
(C) Circular muscles contract, radial muscle contract and pupil dilates.
(D) Circular muscle contract, radial muscles relax and pupil contracts.
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Sol. In According to Diagramme. Circular muscles relax, radial muscle contract and pupil dilates in order
to pass more light in eye.

8. In case of kidney failure, dialysis is recommended using artificial kidneys. An artificial kidney contains
numerous semipermeable tubes suspended in a dialyzing fluid. The dialyzing fluid is iso-osmotic to
blood. These semi-permeable tubes are similar to the nephrons, the structural and functional units of
kidney.
While the artificial kidney simulates a normal kidney, which of the following processes does not
occur in an artificial kidney?
(A) Reabsorption of water
(B) Filtration of urea
(C) Retaining of plasma salts and clotting factors in the blood
(D) Retaining of platelets in the blood
Sol. Artificial kidney/Dialyzing unit has cellophane tube which is devoid of cells, But in kidney tubular
part of nephron (descending limb of loop of Henle) has squamous epithelium cells. Which can reabsorb
water.
9. A researcher centrifuged human blood at low speed to separate the red blood cells (RBCs) and white
ENblood cells (WBCs). She then suspended the pellet of RBCs in saline (0.9% NaCl). She subsequently
put a drop of the RBC suspension into three different solutions as indicated below. What will be her
observations for solutions I, II and III respectively?
Solution I
Detergent
Solution II
Distilled water
(A) Lysis, lysis, swelling.
(C) Lysis, lysis, shrinkage.
Solution III
5% NaCl
(B) Swelling, no change, shrinkage.
(D)No change, shrinkage, swelling.
Sol. Sol-I. Disrupt the cell-membrane of RBC, so lysis occur.
LL
Sol.II - Distilled water become hypotonic for RBC so water enter into RBC and Burst (lyse) it
Sol. III - Hypertonic, exosmosis occur so RBC - Shrink
10. The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), together known as thyroid hormone.
The secretion of thyroid hormone is regulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH) as schematically represented below:
Hypothalamus
A
TRH
Anterior Pituitary
TSH
Thyroid
T3 + T4

One of the actions of thyroid hormone is to increase the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of a person. A
person who has suddenly gained weight and has a swoolen neck goes to a doctor. The person also
feels tired and mentally dull. Clinical analysis shown that the person has low levels of T4. The doctor
feels that either the pituitary or the thyroid is non-functional. In order to identify the impaired organ
the person is given TSH stimulation.
Which one of the following observations and the conclusions made is correct?
(A) If there is no change in the T4 levels, it indicates problem of the pituitary.
(B) If it leads to increase in the T4 levels, it indicates problem of the pituitary.
(C) If it leads to increase in the T4 levels, it indicates problem of the thyroid.
(D) If it leads to further decrease in the T4 levels, it indicates problem of the thyroid.
Sol. According to conditions given in questions person is suffering from hypothyrodism, after giving TSH
stimulation T4 secretion increase because pitutary is not producing more potent TSH (means thyroid
is not in control of pituitary).
11.EN Consider a hypothetical situation where the mass of neutron in argon is made half and the mass of
electron in argon is doubled with respect to their actual masses. In this case, the atomic mass of 18Ar40
will approximately
(A) remain the same
(B) become half (C) increase by 45% (D) reduce by 27%
Sol. Number of proton = 18; mass = 18 amu

Number of neutron = 22; mass = 22 amu (assumed that mass of neutron = mass of proton)
If mass of neutron assumed as half then it will be 11 amu
LL
11
% descrese in mass = × 100 = 27.5% (approximately 27%)
40
12. One spoon of a sample of common salt weighs approximately 0.5 g. It contains 40% sodium and 380
micrograms of iodine. Assuming that the sample contains only sodium, iodide and chloride ions, the
number of chloride ions present in one spoon of this sample is closest to
(A) 5 × 1020 (B) 5 × 1021 (C) 5 × 1022 (D) 5 × 1023
A
Sol. Common salt = 0.5g

40% constituent Na+ = 0.2g
mass of I2 = 0.000380 g
Mass of Cl– = 0.5 – 0.2 – 0.000380
= 0.29962 g
0.29962
Number of Cl– ions in the sample = × 6.022 × 1023
35.5
= 5.08 × 1021 ions (approximately 5 × 1021 )

13. An LPG gas cylinder regularly used in the household contains a mixture of butane and propane. If 5
litres of this mixture on complete combustion produces 17 litres of CO2 at atmospheric pressure and
25°C, then the ratio of butane to propane in the mixture is (Assume that both the gases in the cylinder
are in vapour phase.)
(A) 3 : 2 (B) 2 : 3 (C) 4 : l (D) 1 : 4
Sol. According to Avogadro's Law v µ n
13
C4H10 + O ¾® 4CO2 + 5H2O
2 2
xL 4x L
C3H8 + 5O2 ¾® 3CO2 + 4H2O
(5 – x)L 3(5 – x) L
Total volume 4x + 3 (5 – x) = 17
14.
EN Ratio
Butane
Propane
=
Þx=2
2
3
In a chemistry laboratory, a student found a bottle labelled 'Acid'. As it was a solid, she was curious
to find out what it is. She weighed 0.42g of this and made a solution of it and titrated it with 0.17 M
NaOH solution. The volume of NaOH required to obtain the end point was 33.8 mL. If the molecular
formula of the acid is C6H10O4, find out the number of protons per acid molecule that take part in the
reaction and the amount of acid required to neutralize 1 mole of the alkali.
LL
(A) 1 proton and 73g (B) 2 protons and 146g (C) I proton and 46g (D) 2 protons and 73 g
Sol. Solid acid C6H10O4 = 0.42 g
0.42
Moles of acid = = 0.002876 moles at end point
146
Number of milli equivalents of base = Number of milli equivalents of acid
A
Þ 0.17 × 33.8 = nf (0.002876 × 1000)

Þ nf = 2 (gives 2H+ ions per molecule)
Hence reaction occurs as follows
2NaOH + C6H8O4 ¾® Salt + H2O
1 mole acid = 2 NaOH
1
mole acid = 1 mole base
2
1
mole of acid = 73 g (Q weight of 1 mole of acid = 146)
2

15. The graph that indicates the relation between the variables P and V for an ideal gas at a constant
temperature is:
P P P P
(A) (B) (C) (D)
V V V V
1
Sol. According to Boyle's Law, P µ
V
16. The position of some metals in the electrochemical series in decreasing electropositive character is
EN Mg > Al > Zn > Cu > Ag. In a chemical factory, a worker by accident used a copper rod to stir a
solution of aluminum nitrate; he was scared that now there would be some reaction in the solution, so
he hurriedly removed the rod from the solution and observed that
(A) the rod was coated with Al.
(C) the solution turned blue in colour.
(B) an alloy of Cu and Al was being formed.
(D) there was no reaction.
Sol. According to electrochemical series, oxidation potential of Al is greater than Cu. So that Cu can not
reduce Al3+ to Al.
LL
Hence Cu + Al (NO3)2 ¾® No reaction
17. A white compound P was dissolved in water and electricity was passed through it resulting in the
formation of a gas Q. This gas was then passed through a slurry of another white compound R. The
product obtained from this reaction is commonly used a germicide. P, Q and R respectively, are
(A) NaCI, CI2,Ca(OH)2 (B) Na2SO4,SO2 ,AI(OH)3
(C) NaHCO3 ,CO2,Na2CO3 (D) AlCl3. Cl2,AI(OH)3
A
electrolysis +R
Sol. Aqueous solution of P ¾¾¾¾¾
®Q (gas) ¾¾¾
® germicide
electricity
NaCl(aq) ¾¾¾¾¾ ® H2 + Cl2
(P) (Cathode) (Anode)
Q
Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 ¾® CaOCl2 + H2O

(Q) (R) Slurry germicide

18. Iron present in spinach can be estimated by titrating it with potassium permanganate. Small amounts
of spinach leaves are weighed and dissolved in acid to extract the iron in solution. The solution is then
titrated and the following reaction takes place during this titration.
__ Fe2+ + __ MnO4– + __ H+ ¾® Mn2+ + __ Fe3+ + __ H2O
When properly balanced with the simplest set of whole number coefficients, the sum of the coefficients
in the balanced equation is
(A) 16 (B) 18 (C) 22 (D) 24
Sol. Balanced Equation
5Fe2+ + 1MnO4– + 8H+ ¾® 1Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O
sum of the coefficients in the balanced equation is 24
19. A disproportionation reaction occurs with a simultaneous oxidation and reduction of the same species
in the reaction. Which of the following is NOT a disproportionation reaction?
(A) 2NO2 + H2O ¾® HNO3 + HNO2 (B) 3S + 2H2O ¾® SO2 + 2H2S
20.
EN(C) NH4NO3 ¾® N2O + 2H2O
Sol. (A) 2NO2 + H2O ¾® HNO3 + HNO2
(B) 3S + 2H2O ¾® SO2 + 2H2S
(C) NH4NO3 ¾® N2O + 2H2O
(D) 3Cl2 + 6OH– ¾® 5Cl– + ClO3– + 3H2O
(D) 3Cl2 + 6OH– ¾® 5Cl– + ClO3– + 3H2O
Disproportionation
Disproportionation
(Not disproportionation) (Intramolecular redox reaction)
Disproportionation
Some metals impart very bright colours such as red, pink, yellow to the flame when heated. The cause
of this phenomenon is the excitation of electrons in the outermost electronic shell. The electronic
configuration in the outermost shell of these metals is represented as
LL
(A) (n – 1) s2p6, ns2 p1 (B) (n – 1)s2p6 d10, ns1 (C) (n – 1)s2p6, ns1 (D) ns 2 p6d 1
Sol. s-block elements generally give colouration to flame by the phenomenon of excitation of electrons in
outermost shell.
21. A particle is travelling with uniform acceleration of magnitude a. During successive time intervals Dt1,
Dt2, and Dt3 its average velocities are v1, v2 and v3 respectively. Then
v2 - v1 v3 - v2 v2 - v1 v3 - v 2
(A) Dt - Dt = Dt - Dt (B) Dt + Dt = Dt + Dt
2 1 3 2 1 2 3 2
A
v1 + v2 v2 + v3 v2 + v1 v3 + v 2
(C) Dt + Dt = Dt + Dt (D) Dt - Dt = Dt – Dt
1 2 2 3 2 1 3 2
s3
s2
s1
u
Sol.
t=0 t = t1 t = t2 t = t3
Dt1 = t1
Dt2 = t2 – t1
Dt3 = t3 – t2
Now,
1 2
Q S1 = ut1 + at ...(1)
2 1
1
S2 = ut2 + at22 ...(2)
2
1
S3 = ut3 + at32 ...(3)
2
S1 1
v1 = t = u + at1 ...(4)
1 2
S 2 - S1 1
v2 = t - t = u + a (t1 + t2) ...(5)
2 1 2
S 3 - S2 1
v3 = t - t = u + a (t2 + t3) ...(6)
3 2 2
1 1
Now, v2 – v1 = at2 and v3 – v2 = a (t3 – t1)
2 2
v2 - v1 t (t 2 - t1 ) + t1 Dt + Dt 2
= 2 = = 1
22.
EN v3 - v 2 t 3 - t1 (t 3 - t 2 ) + (t 2 - t1 ) Dt 3 + Dt 2
A river is flowing at 4 km/hr from west to east. Two swimmers P and Q can both swim at 2 km/hr in
still water. The minimum time in which it is possible for the swimmers to cross the river is tmin. Both of
them start swimming from the same point O on the bank of the river in different directions as shown.
The point X is directly across from the point O.
Q river
P
LL
O
Choose the correct statement.

(A) P will reach the point X in time tmin
.
(B) Q will reach the point X in time tmin.
(C) P will reach a point somewhere east of X in time Tmin.
(D) Q will reach a point somewhere east of X in time tmin.
A

Sol. vr
vr
d
vQr vQ
d
For Q ¾® tmin =
v Qr
Option D is correct

23. A stone of mass m falls from a height H on soft muddy ground and sinks to a depth of H/2. Assume
that the mud exerts a constant resistive force of magnitude F. Neglecting air resistance, F is
(A) 2 mg (B) mg/2 (C) 3mg (D) mg
Sol. By work energy theorem
Wg + WF = 0
H
mg (H + H/2) – F =0
2
Þ F = 3mg
24. A wire of length L and resistance R has uniform cross section. A potential difference of 10 volt is
applied across the wire as shown. A cell of emf E(< 10 volt) and of internal resistance r is connected
through a galvanometer between points A and C. The point C, at a distance l from A, is chosen such
that the galvanometer reads zero. The length l depends on
EN (A) E only
A
+10 V
l
(B) E and L only

E r
G
C 0V
(C) E and r only

B
(D) E, r and L only

Sol. Emf is balanced with potential difference between A and C
LL
VAC = E = i × RAC
10
E= R × RAC
AB
10 ´ l
E=
L
EL
l=
10
25. A concave mirror of focal length f and diameter d(d << f)is kept horizontally and filled with water.
A
Rays of light parallel to the mirror axis are incident on it. After reflection, the rays will focus close to
(A) 0.25f (B) 1.33f (C) f (D) 0.75f
i
D
i
r r x f
Sol.
A B
i

Since d << f so
i and r are small
now from snell's law :
sin i 1
=
sin r 4 / 3
but i and r are small so
i 3 l 3
= Þ BF =
r 4 4
l
BD
BD = 0.75 f [BF » f]
26. Two mirrors OA and OB make an angle of 50° with each other. An object C is placed on the angular
bisector of angle AOB.
EN O
50°
V
B
The total number of images of the object formed by the mirrors will be:
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C)7 (D) 8
LL
Sol.
A

M1 M2
25 +50 25
75 75
125 125
175 175
\ Total number of images = 8
27.
EN A 420.0 W heater is used to raise the temperature of water flowing through a tube of length 2.4 m by
5.0°C. Assuming that the efficiency of heating is 50%, the flow rate of water (in litre/minute) is
(A) 0.3
Sol. Q Q = P × t × h
1
(B) 0.6 (C) 1.2 (D) 1.8
mSDT = 420 × t ×
2
m 1 0.01 3 0.01 3
Þ =
LL
kg/sec. = m /sec. = m /sec.
t 100 rw 103
= 0.6 lit/min.
28. Consider two arrangements of N identical resistors, one in parallel and the other in series. Each of
these arrangements are connected to batteries of the same voltage. The ratio of power dissipated in the
parallel arrangement to the series arrangement is
(A) N B) 1/N (C) N2 (D)1/N2
Sol. For series combination
A
Rs = NR
v 2 v2
Ps = =
Rs NR
For parallel combination
R
Rp =
N
v2 v2 v2 N
Pp = = =
Rp R / N R
Pp
So = N2
Ps

29. White light from a distant extended source is incident on a convex lens. Its image is seen on a screen
kept at the focal plane of the lens. The top half of the lens is covered with a green filter and bottom half
with a red filter. Choose the correct statement.
(A) The top half of the image will be green and the bottom half will be red.
(B) The top half of the image will be red and bottom half will be green.
(C) The image will be white.
(D) The image will be yellow.
Sol. After refraction the green and red colour will combine and results in the yellow image
30. In Rutherford's experiment the correct plot for the number (N) of alpha particles scattered against
scattering angle q is
(A) N (B) N
EN (C)
N
0 q(In degree)
180
(D) N
0 q(In degree)
180
180 180
0 q(In degree) 0 q(In degree)
Sol. By rutherford experiment
LL
1
N(q) µ 4
sin ( q / 2)
N
A
SECTION B
Question 31 to 42 are long questions. Mark are indicated in the brackets. Answer the questions only in
the answer sheet provided.
31. In an experiment, a student exposed seedlings of a plant species to two different light conditions:
(i) Full sun
(ii) Shade (50% of full sun).

Assume that all the remaining conditions are same for both the groups. Plants from both the groups
were collected at the end of 6 weeks and various parameters were measured. The mean value for each
parameter is given in the table. [Total = 9 marks]
Parameter Condition
Sun Shade
Leaf area (cm2) 42 24
Leaf weight (g) 0.126 0.061
Stem weight (g) 0.283 0.138
Root weight (g) 0.239 0.089
Total weight (g) 0.648 0.288
A student made the following hypotheses (statements about the possible effect of different conditions
on plants). You have to say whether these hypotheses are supported by the data given in the table or
not.
Hypothesis 1:
Plants grown in sun will show more shoot growth than root growth as compared to plants grown in
EN
shade.
(A) Which of the following ratios can help to test hypothesis I ? 0 '5 MARKS)
a. Leaf weight/root weight
b. Leaf area/leaf weight
c. (Leaf weight + stem weight) /root weight
d. Stem weight /Root weight.
Put a cross (X) in the appropriate box.
(B) Calculate the values of the ratios for sun and shade plants based on the option selected by you in (A).
(i) Value of the ratio obtained for plants in the sun : ________ (1.5 Marks)
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(ii) Value of the ratio obtained for plants in shade condition : ________ (1.5 Marks)
(C) Put a cross (X) against the correct statement. (1.5 Marks)
(i) The values obtained in (B) support Hypothesis 1 : ________
(ii) The values obtained in (B) do not support Hypothesis 1: ________
(Questions (B) and (C) will he given marks only if the answer to (A) is correct)
Hypothesis 2:
Leaves produced by plants in shade condition will be thicker than those produced in sunny conditions.
A
(1.5 Marks)
(D) Which of the following ratios can help to test hypothesis 2?
a Leaf weight/leaf area
b. Leaf area/shoot weight
c. Leaf weight/total plant weight
d. Shoot weight/total plant weight
Put a cross (X) in the appropriate box.
(E) In another experiment the growth of plants was studied under two conditions as given below,
(under sufficient light in both): (1.5 Marks)
(I) Condition X: water is supplied in sufficient quantity required for normal growth.
(II) Condition Y: 50% of the required quantity of water is supplied.

What w ould be the expected results?
a. Increase in leaf weight to stem weight ratio in Y as compared to X.
b. Decrease in leaf thickness in Y as compared to X.
c. Decrease in shoot weight to root weight ratio in Y as compared to X .
d. Increase in leaf weight to Stem weight ratio in X as compared to Y.
Put a cross (X) in the impropriate box.
Sol. (A) -c (leaf weight + stem weight)/ Root weight
According to Hypothesis I shoot weight and root weight ratio will be considered.
(B) (i) The shoot weight and root weight ratio of sun plant = 1.26 + 0.283/0.239 = 1.71
(ii) The shoot weight and root weight ratio of shad plant = 0.061 + 0.138/0.089 = 2.2359
(C) The value obtained in (B) do not support hypothesis I because the shoot weight and root weight
ratio of shad plant is more than sun plant. Which is against of Hypothesis I.
(D) -a Leaf weight/Leaf area
Support to Hypothesis-2 because according to Hypothesis-2. We considered leaf weight and leaf
are ratio of both plant
EN Sun plant
126
42
= 0.03
Shad plant
0.061
24
= 0.025
If we taken leaf weight and leaf area ratio of both plants the ratio and sunny plant will be more.
(E) -d
In ‘X’ condition we provide sufficient light and sufficient water which is required normal growth.
In this case the chance of leaf weight to stem weight ratio is increased compare to Y. Due to the
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high rate of photosynthesis.
But not chance to decreasing shoot weight to root weight ratio in Y as compared to X.
32. Rajcsh went to a doctor to check his blood glucose level. Doctor used a reagent which is colourless
and turns pink in presence of glucose. More the concentration of glucose, greater the intensity of
color. This color intensity can be quantitated using an instrument 'colorimeter'. Following table gives
colorimeter readings for four standard glucose concentrations. (12 Marks)
mg% Reading
20 0.15
A
40 0.29
80 0.61
120 0.91
Note that all colorimeter reading values above 0.05 are considered positive.
Rajesh's blood sample showed a reading 0.75.
A standard graph of OD values against the concentration of glucose is given.
(A) What is the molar concentration of glucose in Rajesh's blood? 100 mg%
Show extrapolation in the graph and calculations in the box. (3 Marks)

0.1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
OD
Scale :
0.4 x-axis 1 cm = 20mg%
0.3 y-axis 1 cm = 0.100
0.2
0.1
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
mg% of glucose
EN
Doctor then gave Rajesh 100 g glucose to eat and tested his urine and blood samples at the intervals
of 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. The readings in the colorimeter were as follows :
Min
30
60
90
120
Reading for blood sample
0.55
0.75
1.0
1.2
Reading for urine sample
0.03
0.15
0.25
0.35
(B) Plot graphs of glucose concentration in blood and urine against time in the given graph paper in
the answer sheet. (3 Marks)
Answer :
LL
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
A
90
80
70
Glucose concentration
60
50
40
30
20
10
30 60 90 120
Time
(C) What is the concentration of glucose (in mg%) in the blood leaching nephron at 80 min?
(2 Marks)
Answer : According to above graph answer is 122 mg% glucose concentration.
(D) What is the conceniration of glucose above which the kidneys start removing it in urine?
Answer : According to above graph answer is 145 mg% glucose concentration.
33. Consider a self-sustaining ecosystem Consisting of three components X, Y and Z set up in a laboratory
for several weeks. During a 26-days observation period, it was disturbed by human intervention on a
particular day. The population size of the three components during this period is tabulated below.
Day Population size

Component X Component Y Component Z
1 10 40 200
4 11 42 220
7 15 54 210
10 14 53 190
13 14 43 220
17 0 120 100
20 0 130 30
EN i.
23
26
Primary producer _________

ii. Herbivore _________
0
0
30
15
30
150
(A) Assign the correct component alphabet to each of the following:

(1.5 Marks)
(1.5 Marks)
iii. Carnivore _________ (1.5 Marks)
Answer : _________
(B) The average biomass of a producer is 0.0060 g and that of a herbivore is 0.0025 g. Usiing the
population sizes on day 1, calculate the transfer of energy in the form of biomass (in %) from
LL
producers to herbivores occurring in the ecosystem. (3 Marks)
Show your calculations in the box.
Answer : _________
(C) Indicate the day and the most likely activity that has disturbed the balance of the ecosystem.
Answer : _________ (0.5 Mark)
Activity: _________ (1 Mark)
Options for activity:
A
a) Removal of component X.
b) Addition of component Y.
c) Partial removal of component Z.
Sol. (A) (i) Primary producer - Z
(ii) Herbivore - Y
(iii)Carnivolre - X
Biomass of Herbivores
(B) Calculate the transfer of energy in the form of biomass = Biomass of producer + Herbivores

For population size on day 1
Biomass of herbivores in day 1 = 0.0025 × 40 = 0.1
Biomass of producer in day 1 = 0.0060 × 200 = 1.2
0.1 0.1
Percentage energy = ´ 100 = × 100 » 7.7 %
1.2 + 0.1 1.3
(C) According to the given data at day 17 the herbivores (component-Y) is increasing compare to
producer (component-Z).
Activity - a
34. Acid rain is a term referring to rain having a pH lower than that of natural rain. Historic monuments
built with various materials such as iron coated with layers of CaCO3 and Na2SO4 can get damaged by
acid rain. Acid rain can lead to flaking of this coat. One such sample of coating was brought to the lab
to be analysed. The weight of sample was 0.626 g.
The analyst added the sample to aqueous oxalic acid and completely precipitated the calcium as
EN calcium oxalate (CaC2O4 ). The calcium oxalate precipitate obtained was then dissolved in sulphuric
acid and the resulting oxalic acid (H2C2O4) formed was titrated with a standard KMnO4 solution. The
titration of the oxalic acid required 17.8 mL of 0.1 M KMnO4 solution.
(A) Balaced the equation for the titration reaction between KMnO4 and H2C2O4. (Only entirely correct
answer will be given marks.)
__ KMnO4 + __ H2C2O4 + ___ H2SO4 ® K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O + CO2
(B) Identify the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent in the reaction.
(3.5 Marks)
(i) _____ is an oxidising agent. (1.5 Marks)

(ii) _____ is a reducing agent. (1.5 Marks)
LL
(C) Calculate the number of mole of oxalic acid reacted with the KMnO4. (3 Marks)
Answer : _________ moles of oxalic acid
(D) Calculate the mass (in g) of CaCO3 in the original sample (2 Marks)
Answer : ________ g of CaCO3
(E) find the percent (%) of Na2SO4 present in the original sample. (2 Marks)
A
Answer : ________
Sol. (A) 2KMnO4 + 5 H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 ¾® K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 10CO2
(B) (i) KMnO 4 (O.A)
(ii) H2 C2 O 4 (R.A.)
(C) Equivalence of H2C2O4 = equivalence of KMnO4
17.8
(mole × v.f.) of H2C2O4 = ´ 0.1 ´ 5
1000
0.0089
mole of H2C2O4 = = 0.00445 = 4.45 × 10–3
2

(D) Equivalence of H2C2O4 = Equivalence of CaCO3 = mole of CaCO3 × v.f.
0.0089 = mole × 2
wt
mole = 0.00445 =
100
wt = 0.445g
35. The following acid base reaction is performed in a thermos flask
H+(aq) + OH–(aq) ® H2O(l)
The termperature of 90g of water rises from 29°C to 30.5 °C when 0.010 mole of H+ is reacted with
0.010 mole of OH– .
Calculate :
(A) The heat absorbed by the water (4 Marks)
Answer : qwater = ________
(B) Heat evolved during the reaction of 17 g OH– with 1 g H+. (2 Marks)
EN
Sol. (A)
Answer : ________
H+ (aq) + OH–(aq) ¾® H2O(l)
Dt = 5°C charge in temperature
heat q = msDt
= 90 × 1 × 1.5 × 4.18
= 564.3 J
(B) Q for 0.01 mole of H+ (aq) and OH– (aq)

LL
heat radiated = 564.3 J
\ for 1 mole of H+(aq) and OH– (aq)
564.3 ´ 1
heat radiated = = 56430 J
0.01
36. The molecular formula of a gaseous compound is to be determined. This compound is found to be
composed of 85.7% by mass carbon and 14.3% by mass hydrogen. Its density is 2.28 gL–1 at 300 K
and 1 atm pressure. From the given data. [Total = 10.5 marks]
A
(A) Calculate the number of moles of carbon atoms present in 100 g of compound
Show your calculations in the box. [2 marks]
(B) Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen atom present in 100g of compound. [2 marks]
(C) The empirical formula of the compound is : _______ [1 marks]
(D) Moles/ Litre of the compound at NTP = _________ [2 marks]
(E) Empirical formula units = _______ [2 marks]
(F) Molecular formula = _________ [1.5 marks]

Sol. C : H
85.7% : 14.3%
85.7 14.3
:
12 1
7.14 : 14.3
1 : 2
Empirical formula = CH2
Empirical formula mass = 12 + 2 = 14
dRT
P=
M
2.28 ´ 0.0821 ´ 300
Þ 1=
M
M = 56.1564 g = 56g (taken approx)
EN n=
56.1564
14
= 4 (approx)
Molecular formula = (CH2)4 = C4H8

(A) Q 56 g compound contains = 4 mole 6C
\ 100 g compound contains =

4
56
(B) Q 56 g compound contains = 8 mole 1H
× 100 = 7.14 moles of 6C
8
\ 100 g compound contains = × 100 = 14.28 moles of 1H
56
LL
(C) Empirical formula : CH2
n 1
(D) = = 0.04395 mole/L
v 0.0821 ´ 273
= 0.044 Mole/L (approx)
(E) Empirical formula mass = 14 u
(F) Molecular formula = C4H8
37. As shown in the grid figure given below, there is a foot rule of dimensions 12" × 3" kept on and above
A
the principal axis of a small concave mirror of radius of curvature 24". Distance from the pole of the
mirror along the principal axis are marked.
The 6" mark of the foot rule is at the center of curvature of the mirror.
Draw the image of the foot rule on the grid in the answer sheet using the same scale to which the foot
rule is drawn. Show the calculations required for drawing the image in the box provide in the answer
sheet.
////
12"
////////
3"
///////////////////
0
48" 36" 24" 12"
////
Note that marks will be given if justified by calculations in the box.

1 1 1
Sol. Using mirror formula + =
v u f
For Point C
1 1 1
+ =
v u f
1 1 1
Þ - =
v 18 -12
v = –36"
-v h i
m= u =h
0
v 36
\ m= - =- = –2
u 18
\ hi = –2 × 3 = –6"
Image is real, inverted and magnified.
For point B
EN 1 1
- =
v 30 -12
v = –20 cm
\ m=–
1
20
30
=-
2
3
2
\ hi = – ´ 3 = – 2"
3
Image is real, inverted and diminished
12"
LL
B E C
3"
A 20" D
O 12" 18" 2" 24" 30" 36"
D'
6"
E'
B'
38. The experiement of the Resonance Tube is commonly performed to determine speed of sound. The
A
experiementalk setup is as follows. A hollow tube open at both ends can be suitable lowered into
water inside a jar as shown in the figure. A speaker of variable frequency is held just above the top end
of the tube.
Sound waves from the speaker are allowed to enter into the tube from the top. On gradually raising or
lowering the tube in the water, it is observed that when a certain length is above the water level, a loud
sound is audible due to resonance. The length of the tube above the water at this position is recorded
as L. According to the theory if l is the wavelength of the sound then
æl ö
ç 4 = L + e÷
è ø
where e is end correction given by e = 0.3 d (d = inner diameter of the tube).

Speaker
A given setup of this experiment uses a tube of inner diameter 5.0 cm. Values of L recorded for
different frequencies are as given below.
No. Frequency f (Hz) L(cm)
EN 1
2
3
4
5
400
500
750
1000
1250
19.9
16.0
10.0
7.5
5.1
(A) Choose proper variable X and Y to produce a suitable linear graph which can be used to determine
the speed of sound. Indicate these variable in the answersheet. [4 marks]
(i) Variable on the x axis (X) : _______
(ii) Variable on the y axis (Y) : _______
LL
(B) Fill the data table used to plot the graph. [2 marks]
(C) Use the graph sheet to produce a suitable linear graph. [9 marks]
(D) Determine the speed of sound using the graph plotted [3 marks]
Show you calculation in the box.
Speed of sound in air : __________
Sol. Given l = 4(L + e)
f frequency
Q v = lf = = wave number
(1/ l )
A
(A) (i) X-axis : wave number (1/l)

(ii) Y-axis : frequency (f)
(B) Tabular form
e = 0.3d l = 4(L + e) 1 –1
S.No. f(Hz) L(m) (m )
(m) (m) l
1 400 0.199 0.015 0.856 1.17
2 500 0.160 0.015 0.700 1.43
3 750 0.100 0.015 0.460 2.17
4 1000 0.075 0.015 0.360 2.78
5 1250 0.051 0.015 0.264 3.79
e = 0.3 d = 0.3 × 0.05 = 0.015

é1ù
(C) Taking f is on Y-axis and ê ú on Y-axis we get linear graph
ëlû
EN
1
l
LL
A
(D) Using the graph speed of the sound will be equal to the slope of the graph
Dy y 2 - y1 750 – 400
Slope = Dx = x - x = 2.17 – 1.17 = 350 m/s
2 1
\ velocity of sound = 350 m/s


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Indian National Junior

Date of Examination : 2nd February, 2019

(C) Glucose After meals Resting Exercise

Ans. Option (C) is correct.

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 1

Osmotic concentration of body fluids

Low Spider crab

(A) Nereis shows a better osmoregulatory capacity than shore crab.

(A) Myopia (B) Hypermetropia

(C) Astigmatism (D) Colour blindness

Ans. Option (A) is correct.

2 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

(A) (iii) only (B) (i) and (iii) only

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 3

Animals I - IV most likely could be respectively :

4 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 5

Sol. Number of proton = 18; mass = 18 amu

Sol. Common salt = 0.5g

6 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

Þ 0.17 × 33.8 = nf (0.002876 × 1000)

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 7

Ans. Option (D) is correct.

Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 ¾® CaOCl2 + H2O

8 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

Choose the correct statement.

Ans. Option (D) is correct.

10 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

(B) E and L only

(C) E and r only

(D) E, r and L only

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 11

but i and r are small so

12 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 13

14 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 15

Show extrapolation in the graph and calculations in the box. (3 Marks)

16 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

Day Population size

Primary producer _________

(A) Assign the correct component alphabet to each of the following:

18 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

(i) _____ is an oxidising agent. (1.5 Marks)

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 19

(B) Q for 0.01 mole of H+ (aq) and OH– (aq)

20 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

Molecular formula = (CH2)4 = C4H8

\ 100 g compound contains =

Note that marks will be given if justified by calculations in the box.

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 21

22 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

No. Frequency f (Hz) L(cm)

(A) (i) X-axis : wave number (1/l)

PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005 23

\ velocity of sound = 350 m/s

24 PNCF Head Office: "SAMANVAYA" C-210/2 Talwandi, Kota (Rajasthan) INDIA-324005

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