Urban Mass Transportation

Bhagwan Mahavir College of
Engineering and Technology

PRESENTATION
ON
Prepared by : Ankit Gangani
140060106055
Index
 Introduction to Urban Mass Transportation System

 Requirement of Mass transportation system
 Concept of travel demand for modeling
-Aspects in travel demand
 Factors affecting travel demand
 Sequential & Simultaneous models
-Aggregate & Disaggregate approach
 Types of Mass transit system
 Advantages of Mass Transportation System
 Opportunities in Mass Transportation System
Urban Mass Transportation
Urbanization + Transport = Urban Mass Transportation
Cities (Urban Areas) play a vital role in promoting

economic growth and prosperity of a nation.
 The development of cities largely depends upon their physical,

social, and institutional infrastructure. Transport demand in
most Indian cities has increased substantially, due to increases
in population as a result of both natural increase and migration
from rural areas and smaller towns.
Urbanization Trend : India
Parameter 1951 2001 2011
Population (million) 361 1027 1210
Urban Population (million) 62.4 285 377

(Level of Urbanisation) (17.2%) (27.7%) (31.1%)
Metropolitan Cities 5 35 53
(Population in million) (11.9) (107.88) (160.70)
Metro Population 3.3% 10.5% 13.3%
(% of Total Population)
Metro Population 18.8% 37.8% 42.6%
(% of Urban Population)
Ave. Population / Metro 2.35 mill. 3.08 mill. 3.03 mill.
Source: Census of India Report

Requirement of Mass transit system
Vehicular Population: Ownership Profile
Nos. of Vehicle /1000 Population
300 272 266

252
250
200 177 175 166 158
150
100 59
50
50
0
ad re ai hi ad ta i e at
b lo nn e l b ka ba un ur
a ga e D ra ol um P S
ed n h e K
hm B
a C yd M
A H
City Name
Transit Use by City Size
45%
40%
35%
30%
Transit Trips
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
50000 100000 500000 1000000
Population
Source: VTPI, 2011

Captive Riders Choice Riders
Travel Options???
9
360 moped or 300 Cars or 6 Buses or 1 Metro
To solve the traffic congestion problem, the best method is encourage the use of
public transport or mass transport.
Share of Public Transport
Planning Approach….Reversal Needed….
Concept of travel demand
 Travel demand :- it refers to the amount and type of

travel people would choose under specific
conditions. considering factors such as the quality of
transport option available and their prices.
 Hidden demand:- it refers to decisions related to

creation and management of transportation and
traffic facilities.
Transportation demand :-It is concentrated at
specific times that are related to the current activity
pattern of the society for example social and
recreational trips. also in such type of demand
forecasts will be poor.
Major Aspects in travel demand
Land use :- It refers to pattern of land usage in

an area. Land use affects the transportation
demand through generation and distribution of
trips.
Trip purpose:- It refers to purpose for which

the trip is being undertaken. A trip is a
movement from origin to destination, the
distance between origin and destination is
called trip length. and the time taken is known
as trip time.
Factors affecting travel demand
 Socio-economic factors
 Location factors
 Public transport accessibility factors
Socio-economic factors :
 Household income
 Occupation status
 Family size and composition of household
 Cultural aspects
 Number of cars per household
 Location factors
 Population
 Residential density
 Distance of household from town center( central
business district)
 Public transport accessibility factors
 Nearness of public transport facility

 Efficiency and reliability of public transport
 Fare structure, routing etc.
 Factors affecting choice of travel mode
 Purpose of trip
 Distance traveled
 Income of traveler
 Occupational status of the traveler
Sequential and simultaneous models
 It consists of four descriptors.
 Trip frequency
 Destination
 Mode
 Route and other choice
S
E
Q
U
E
N
T
I
A
L
M
O
D
E
L
Aggregate and disaggregate approaches
 Aggregate approach:- This develops relationship

between trip production and attraction with appropriate
independent variable, at zone level, using regression analysis. It
refers to grouped data & pattern but may vary from zone to
zone.(simultaneous models)
 Disaggregate approach :- This is based on

development of equations describing independent variable on the
trip making as a basic unit. Data required is based on household
characteristics.(sequential models)
Urban mass transit system
It is based on two types and they are as follows :-
1. Road based transit

2. Rail based transit
Road base transit involves
 Buses and coach

 City buses / commuter buses
 BRTS
Rail based transit
 Trains
 Commuter rails & suburban rails
 Metro trains
 Mono rail
 Light rail transit system
 Sky rail
Metro Train
• Rapid Rail Transit

• Very High Capacity
• Low Air Pollution
• High Noise Pollution
• 25 to 60 kmph
• High Cost
Mumbai Metro Train Ride

Mono Rail
 It comprises of a single rail track with vehicle

suspended from or straddling the guide way
World’s Longest Straddle-
type Monorail
in southwest China
MONORAIL train "Electric Elevated

in Sydney CBD, Railway (Suspension
Ausralia Railway, Germany.
Chongqing Rail
Transit,china
Light Rail Transit System
 Lighter vehicles & lighter track

 Exclusive ROW ,Underground or on embankments
Jakarta Light Rail

Transit,Indonesia
Vancouver
city Columbia, Canada.
LRT in Surrey, south east of England

Sky Rail
 It is modified version of LRT automatic.

 Chances of accidents are reduced due to complete
automation.
 Capital cost is high
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwji5bajtK7TAhVFqY8KHZ
jVAkUQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riskovik.com%2Farbitrage%2Fpsn%2Ffull%2F1033%2F&psig=AFQjCNGmO9hcVwMdY
Kjrkoh4p8oqREzTRA&ust=1492618744987611
Advantages of mass transit system
 Environmental impacts
 Social impacts
 Fuel saving
 Economic impacts
 Freight impacts
Sustainable
 Reduces congestion
 Save time
 Cost effective
Social
Opportunities in Mass transit system
• Corridor Integration
• Pedestrian Integration
What needs •
•
Bicycle Integration
Other Public Transport
to be Systems Integration
• Para-Transit Or
Integrated Intermediate Public
…………?
Transport Integration
• Park and Ride
Integration
 Everyday lives
are taken for
granted in
urban areas
URBAN TRANSPORTATION:
SOME TYPICAL SCENES
Source: Google.com
Public Awareness
……….Changing people’s
choice of travel from
private vehicles to public
transport……??????
 Its setup is incredible expensive

 Possibility of attacked or being robbed
 Malfunctioning of equipment as well as service
disruptions caused due to labor strikes
 Passengers may be attacked by infectious diseases
 Late night safety is not assured
 Accident may cause large casualties
 Change in time of certain buses may cause
inconvenience to passengers
Refrence
 Urban Transportation System –Atul Prakashan By

Dr.R.P.Rethaliya
 http://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/~dhingra/ce751.htm
 http://nptel.ac.in
 http://iihs.co.in/knowledge-gateway/wp-
content/uploads/2015/07/RF-Working-Paper-
Transport_edited_09062015_Final_reduced-
size.pdf
 https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bz4FPosKK0L
DLVlyYmVId2s2a2M

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Bhagwan Mahavir College of

Engineering and Technology

 Introduction to Urban Mass Transportation System

Urbanization + Transport = Urban Mass Transportation

Cities (Urban Areas) play a vital role in promoting

 The development of cities largely depends upon their physical,

Population (million) 361 1027 1210

Urban Population (million) 62.4 285 377

Source: Census of India Report

300 272 266

Source: VTPI, 2011

360 moped or 300 Cars or 6 Buses or 1 Metro

 Travel demand :- it refers to the amount and type of

 Hidden demand:- it refers to decisions related to

Land use :- It refers to pattern of land usage in

Trip purpose:- It refers to purpose for which

 Nearness of public transport facility

 Factors affecting choice of travel mode

 It consists of four descriptors.

 Aggregate approach:- This develops relationship

 Disaggregate approach :- This is based on

It is based on two types and they are as follows :-

1. Road based transit

 Buses and coach

• Rapid Rail Transit

Mumbai Metro Train Ride

 It comprises of a single rail track with vehicle

MONORAIL train "Electric Elevated

 Lighter vehicles & lighter track

Jakarta Light Rail

LRT in Surrey, south east of England

 It is modified version of LRT automatic.

 Its setup is incredible expensive

 Urban Transportation System –Atul Prakashan By

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