Circling

Circling and
Authentic Relating
Practice Guide
Marc Bénéteau
“If we were all to sit in a circle and confess our sins,

we would laugh at each other for lack of
originality” — Kahlil Gibran
2 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Copyright © 2017 Marc Bénéteau. Self-published on CreateSpace
and at http://CirclingGuide.com
ISBN: 197583402X
Quotes by Bryan Bayer, Sara Ness, Decker Cunov, Alexis Shepperd

and others. Contributions by Daniel Tenner, Andrea Zwingel,
Shirley Norwood, Ryan Schoenbeck, Andrew McDonald and others.
Cover design by Jim Hayes (http://www.ha-yesdesign.com/).
With gratitude to my many mentors, in particular Jerry Jud, Victor

Baranco, Werner Erhard, Marshall Rosenberg, and Dieter Duhm. I
rest on the shoulders of giants.
Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

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Contents
FOREWORD ....................................................................................... 7
PREFACE: MY STORY ...................................................................... 8
CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS CIRCLING? ................................................ 11
What is Circling? ........................................................................... 11
Why a book about Circling? .......................................................... 11
Circling in a nutshell: the goal of Circling .................................... 12
Logistics of Circling ....................................................................... 14
Why Circle? ................................................................................... 15
History of Circling ......................................................................... 17
Organization of this book .............................................................. 21
CHAPTER 2: CIRCLING BASIC CONCEPTS ................................. 22
What is Circling, really? ............................................................... 22
Formal Circling vs. “Guerrilla Circling” ....................................... 23
CHAPTER 3: CIRCLING BEST PRACTICES ...................................25
Notice feelings and body sensations .............................................25
Connect with the group – up to a point (follow your aliveness) . 26
Get Their World: Lead from Attention, Curiosity, and Empathy 28
Validate and Appreciate ................................................................ 31
Lead from Vulnerability ............................................................... 34
Share Impact, Offer Reflection and Inquiry ................................ 38
Own Your Experience (Communicate Responsibly) ................... 44
Make Right, Not Wrong (Find People Right, Approve of them) ..47
Be Impactable............................................................................... 48
Honor Yourself (Handling Conflict) ............................................ 49
Welcome Everything .....................................................................52
Slow Down.....................................................................................54
Surrender Gracefully ..................................................................... 55
Conclusion .....................................................................................56
CHAPTER 4: CIRCLING PERSPECTIVES AND ADVANCED
PRACTICES ...................................................................................... 57
Circling, Integral Theory, and the AQAL model ........................... 57
Surrendered Leadership and “We space” .....................................59
Circling in Business ...................................................................... 60
The Yin and Yang of Circling: Connection Intent versus
Developmental Intent ................................................................... 61

Topical Circling ............................................................................ 63
CHAPTER 5: COMPLEMENTARY MODALITIES ..........................65
Non-Violent Communication .......................................................65
Authentic Man Program and Authentic Woman Experience ......67
The Avalon Community ............................................................... 68
Circling, Mental Health / Addiction Recovery, and Functional
Medicine ....................................................................................... 69
Self-Circling, Circling Europe style.............................................. 70
Self-Circling, IFS / IRF style ......................................................... 71
Inner-Relationship Focusing (Ann Weiser Cornell) .................... 73
Withholds, Victor Baranco style ................................................... 73
Withholds, Boulder Integral style ................................................. 76
Network For a New Culture and ZEGG ........................................ 77
Somatic Experiencing and Hakomi .............................................. 79
Adult Attachment Theory ............................................................ 80
The Evolutionary Relationships Movement (Patricia Albere) ..... 81
Sociocracy ..................................................................................... 82
Other compatible modalities ....................................................... 82
CHAPTER 6: NEXT STEPS ............................................................. 84
Facilitation of Circles, and Running Private Circles ................... 85
Please join the Circling Guide community! ................................. 86
ARTICLES AND STORIES ...............................................................87
What is authenticity? (Sara Ness) .................................................87
Beyond Circling: I have a dream (Marc Beneteau) ..................... 90
Selling Authentic Relating, Part 2 (Marc Beneteau) ................... 94
RESOURCES ................................................................................... 98
Training Organizations ................................................................ 98
Online Circling ............................................................................. 99
Books, articles and podcasts about Circling .............................. 100
Differences in the various schools of Circling ........................... 100
LEADER FORMATS .......................................................................104
Summary of the Leader Formats ................................................ 104
Overall leadership guidelines...................................................... 104
A/R Game Format .......................................................................106
Circling Introduction Leader Format ......................................... 110
Overall Leadership Guidelines ..................................................... 111

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TIPS FOR GIVING AND RECEIVING FEEDBACK ...................... 114
Why giving feedback is important .............................................. 114
Tips for giving feedback .............................................................. 115
Tips for receiving feedback ......................................................... 116
OTHER BOOKS BY MARC .............................................................117
As Lovers Do: Sexual and Romantic Partnership as a Path of
Transformation ............................................................................117

FOREWORD
“No one cares how much you know, until they know how
much you care” – Theodore Roosevelt
This book fulfills three deep desires of mine.

My first desire was to write a practice guide to Circling that could be
read in one sitting and give the essence of the modality. A guide
that might be especially useful to those of us with short attention
spans.
My second desire was to share my excitement about the Authentic
Relating movement, which has been so fun and so transformational
for me in such a short time, in the hope of inspiring others to try it
out for themselves.
And my third desire was to put Circling into the context where I
think it squarely belongs: as a revolutionary practice aimed at
extending the reach of loving kindness in the world. As such there
is no sphere of life, public or private, that cannot benefit from the
skills described here. You can practice Authentic Relating (A/R)
with anyone, whether they are aware of your intentions or not, and
if you do it correctly (which is not always easy) it is very
likely that you will get phenomenal results with most
people.
I am currently traveling throughout the US and Europe, looking for
opportunities to bring Circling and Surrendered Leadership
practices into the world in three particular areas that I am very
passionate about: the intentional community / eco-village
movement, mental health and addiction recovery, and sexuality. If
you are interested in these topics and want to support me or share
resources, write to me at marc@CirclingGuide.com
Finally: I am grateful for any corrections, feedback (positive or
negative), and inspirational stories.
With love,
Marc

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PREFACE: MY STORY
"The true test of your spiritual success is the happiness of
the people around you" – Swami Rudrananda (Rudi)
In 1985, at the age of 25, I found myself after a relationship breakup

in a deep and chemically-resistant depression. It was the most
painful thing that had ever happened to me, and it completely
shocked me. I was at the time, as many men in our culture, entirely
cut-off from my feelings and lacking even a rudimentary
understanding of emotional communication.
In a bold and naïve move, traits which have followed me my entire

life, I dropped out of my engineering program and moved to
California, the epicenter of the human potential movement, in order
to “find myself”. I decided then, in that terrible but ultimately
redeeming moment, that the only thing that truly interested me was
human relationships, and that if I were to have a life that would be
successful in my own eyes, it would need to be principally focused
on learning and teaching love – despite feeling that I had begun my
life virtually retarded in those skills. This lifestyle decision was
confirmed later, after I read Dale Carnegie (in How to Win Friends
and Influence People), and realized that in a complex and inter-
related world, the skills of human relationship are fundamental to
the achievement of even traditional forms of success, such as wealth
and power.
Over the next 30 years, I intensively explored what I call the

“marketplace of love”. I read every book, enrolled in every form of
therapy, every type of community-based healing group, every Large
Group Awareness Training (LGAT) and every New Religious
Movement (NRM) which I could find and which my financial
resources allowed (and in those days my resources were
considerable). I discovered that the search for love and community
is fraught with perils: delusions, projections, and ego inflation. In
many of the groups that I explored I had a real sense of “coming
home”, that I had found what I was seeking, and in too many cases,
later discovered serious ethical problems ranging from abuses of
power, inappropriate sexual behavior, or excessive profit motive.

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I did find two movements which particularly moved me and which
were in integrity. One was Buddhism, which is actually more of a
practical psychology than a religion; and the other was Non-Violent
Communication (NVC), in which I discovered a number of very
valuable distinctions relating to human relationships as well as a
practice community. In 2007 I got married and founded an
intentional community with my wife, which we designed as an
“experimental community of love in action”, and ran quite
successfully for 3 years. Those were the happiest years of my life up
to that point. And then, our community was shut-down by the
municipality over zoning issues, my marriage fell apart, and I was
back to square one. Kahlil Gibran was right: the ways of love are
hard and steep, indeed.
Finally, in 2014 I discovered Circling, and in 2016 moved to
Boulder, Colorado, and joined the Integral Center there. Very
rapidly I found myself inside an active, loving and engaged
community, forming friendships which I believe will last my entire
life, and having powerful insights and experiences daily. I felt that
this was the developmental community that I had been seeking my
whole life, another instance of an experimental community of love
in action. What made the offer even more compelling was that the
groups were very low-cost, thereby holding the promise of what I
call “the democratization of transformation”, another goal of mine;
and finally, the distributed organizational structure reduced the
danger of the kinds of abuses which plague these types of
movements, as well as creating more diversity.
I could hardly believe my good luck. Feeling compelled to write
about it, I did so, while imagining that the book would be read and
that it would have an impact. What you have in your hands is the
result. The two previous books, by Bryan Bayer and Sara Ness, are
at least as good. I still wanted to bring in my voice, insights
gathered over 30 years of research in building community,
emotional communication and the psychology of love. You will also
find here an up-to-date history of the Authentic Relating movement
and an extensive Resources section.
I offer this in gratitude to the pioneers of the Authentic Relating
movement: Guy Sengstock, Decker Cunov, Bryan Bayer, Alexis

Shepperd, Robert McNaughton, Sean Wilkinson, John Thompson,
Sara Ness, Jordan Allen, Shana James, Amy Silverman, and others.
You are my heroes!
As an “open source”, community-generated practice, Circling will
continue to evolve and deepen, even to a degree far beyond what I
am attempting to contextualize here.

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CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS CIRCLING?
“Along with chocolate, sex and samadhi, Circling is best
experienced directly” – Bryan Bayer, author of The Art of
Circling
"If I am not for myself, then who will be for me? But if I
am only for myself, who am I?” – Hillel
What is Circling?
Circling is a group conversation practice that usually lasts an hour
to an hour and a half, and involves 3 to 9 people. It is possible,
however, to have it go on for days and to engage as many as 50
people or more. It also works well in pairs and it is even possible to
do it alone (see “Self-Circling” below). Circling happens either in
person in many places around the world, or via online web-
conferencing technology (see the Resources section). Both are
great. There are also weekend workshops and advanced training
programs, which often run 6 to 9 months.
Why a book about Circling?

Often in a circle with beginners I hear some variation of this
statement: “I like what’s going on here but I am not quite sure
what is acceptable here, what is Okay for me to do or say.” When
I hear this, I usually get happy, for two reasons. First because this
expression is a significant reveal (an aspect of leading with
vulnerability, which I will discuss more later), and as such opens
up the possibility of a rich inquiry for the individual and for the
group. And the second reason I get happy on hearing this, is
because it is a profound question that can’t be properly answered in
a sound-bite. Indeed, it is a question that is at the very heart of
creating deep, transformational human relationships, and as such is
also at the core of the Circling inquiry: When and how do we
give to others, when and how do we receive from them,
and when and how do we give to ourselves? What is really
going on here between us?

I wrote this book as an attempt to answer that fundamental
question, the question that is at the heart of deep human
connection, which in turn relates to the nature of love, the meaning
of suffering, and the human journey to wholeness. Ultimately, that
is the Circling inquiry.
I offer all this with an important caveat: as noted in Bryan’s quote
above, Circling, like love, can’t be taught in a book. The successful
practice of Circling is likely to be more enjoyable and more
growthful than reading about it. Even so, a book can provide a
context (of shared understanding, shared values) from which a
powerful conversation is more likely to emerge.
Circling in a nutshell: the goal of Circling

Circling is, first and foremost, a practice of un-withheld present-
moment connection to self and others. It is the attempt to
understand what it’s like to be in another person’s skin, while
simultaneously being true to ourselves. It’s about seeing people for
who they really are, “getting their world”, and giving and receiving
the kind of attention that changes lives and which allows new
possibilities to emerge.
An alternative formulation would say that Circling is about
discovering “truth”, or about bringing more self-awareness and
discernment into the experience of life, in order to cultivate
connection with oneself and others. To note here (and we will
return to this topic) that “cultivating connection” may involve the
noticing and reporting of lack-of-connection.
As such, anything you say or do in a Circling group, or anything you
withhold in a Circling group, ought to successfully pass this test: is
this intervention (or conscious decision to NOT intervene)
serving connection? Is it serving truth, is it serving the group, is
it creating more aliveness in me or others?
Of course, we frequently make mistakes in judgment about whether
a particular intervention and self-expression (or else a failure to
express) is serving truth or connection. We may be silent when we

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should have spoken, or say the wrong thing, or say the right thing
but poorly; or we can’t come up with anything to say at all, we are
so completely befuddled, or full of anger, grief or shame. And yet,
we seem to be compelled to keep on trying to communicate and to
connect. And hopefully, by allowing ourselves to make these
mistakes and then witnessing the impact, we get better at it.
This is the core Circling practice, in my understanding of it. If you
have already experienced this degree of connection and of truth-
telling (and most of us have, even briefly), then you know what to
do, more or less, and you can read the rest of this book with a desire
to refine and sharpen your current level of self-awareness and
discrimination around this very fundamental question: am I, in
this moment, serving truth and connection, or am I doing
the opposite (hiding, lying and creating distance)? Who
am I being right now, and why?
Two more distinctions here that might be helpful.
The first distinction is to acknowledge that while all aspects of our
humanity are important – our beliefs and ideas, plans, “stories”,
needs and desires, etc. – the Circling practice is unique in that it
prioritizes connection and truth-telling above all else. It
does not specifically exclude ideas, plans and stories; it only
requests that, when we share stories and ideas, we filter that
sharing from the perspective: am I serving connection here?
And the second distinction which can be helpful, is this: Circling
exposes the meta-conversation – the thoughts and emotions
that all of us have in ordinary human interactions, but which we
rarely speak, or speak fully. This is what makes the practice so
powerful: because once the in-the-moment emotional truths are
being voiced and heard, it becomes possible to take the
conversation to a new level, often a level of deep pleasure in which
everyone’s needs are met, even when they initially seemed
diverging. We have all experienced an event such as this. People of
a more religious orientation may view this type of event as a
miracle, a gift of Spirit. People of a more integral or agnostic
mindset might call this “an alethea moment”. But regardless of our
beliefs, it tends to be a very joyful event.

Circling can be viewed as a relational art form of living from a place
where “miracles” happen more frequently.
Logistics of Circling
When circlers first convene in a group, either in person or via
webconference, they are often too numerous for a single circle. In
this case they form breakout groups of the “optimal” size, which
is 3 to 9 people. Circling also works well in pairs and it can be done
informally (see the later description of Guerrilla circling)
There are two common types of circles: Birthday circles, in
which one individual is the primary focus of attention for the entire
group (although with the inclusion of reveals and impacts from
other participants), and Organic circles, in which the attention
flows back and forth between all participants. Depending on the
particular “flavor” of Circling (see below), there will be one or two
designated leaders, and a fee which is usually quite modest. There
is also a variation of an organic circle called a Surrendered
Leadership circle, in which the leaders are willing to “surrender”
any particular group structure, either totally or partially, in
response to what they perceive as the group need. This is further
described in the Advanced Practices chapter. To note however that
“surrender”, sometimes known as “welcome everything” is integral
to the practice in all schools of Circling.
Additional logistical details, which are important to know when
running circles, are covered in Bryan Bayer’s book. Since this book
is intended as an introduction to the participant role, and since I am
taking you on a dive which (I am hoping) will be deeper than it will
be comprehensive, I will refer readers interested in leading circles
to Bryan’s book. It is important to say, however, that everyone in a
circle is a leader, and indeed that is at the very core of the power
and magic of the modality, that in a circle one can lead from
any position (and thus the collaborative power of the group is
multiplied). I will return later to this topic of what “leadership”
actually means in a circle.

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Why Circle?
What are the benefits of Circling, why engage the practice? There
are several entry points into the practice, all of which play off each
other.
1. Circling is fun!
The experience of being seen and accepted for who we really are,
and the sense that we are connected to other human beings and
part of a larger whole, is one of the most satisfying of all human
experiences. Almost everybody knows how pleasurable this
experience can be, and yet most of us move along this path of
connecting deeply with others in a haphazard way, achieving
success only by accident, as it were.
Unlike most “ordinary” human interactions, such as the kind of
conversations that happen in bars, around the water-fountain at
work, at church, or even in our families, Circling carries an explicit
intent to deeper connection. We go into Circling with the shared
desire to “know and be known” in all our humanity, whether our
inner experience be glorious or unbearably painful.
Through this agreement to join with others, for a pre-set time, in a
shared purpose that includes revealing our truth, Circling tends to
cut through the bullshit and the games that we all play, and move
us fast into a deeper level of sharing.
2. Circling is developmental
Ultimately, circling is a training in human relationships and in self-
love. Self-love, self-acceptance and the quality of our human
connections are perhaps the most important predictors of
happiness, while gaining skill in human relationships is probably
the most impactful thing we can do to become more effective in
both our personal life and in business. Circling helps us to expand
our inner and outer worlds, increase our wisdom and discernment,
and become happier, more loving and more effective human
beings.
An alternative way of saying this, is that Circling helps us to
uncover our relational blind spots. We all have patterns,
ways of being, unhealed hurts and wounds that may push people

away and block an experience of deeper intimacy, or deeper
friendship and collaboration. When we get immediate feedback
from people about how we occur to them, and especially when that
feedback is coming from a place of their wanting to connect with us
and get our world, those wounded places become sharper and more
clearly defined. From there, our “hurt zones” tend to soften and
change into something beautiful, something holy. After being seen
in this way, we are often shocked and amazed that we did not get
this earlier, realizing that the real situation, the emotional truths
and unconscious beliefs underlying our behavior, were obvious to
everyone except ourselves. This is the gift of relatedness, of being
able to “see ourselves through the eyes of others”. What’s more, by
letting people into our lives and by allowing them to impact us in a
positive way, even when they tell us things that might be initially
painful, we often help to heal them too.
3. Circling is a global movement for creating a better

society
Let me quote Bryan Bayer on this:
“Imagine a world in which individuals, cultures and
nations related with each other by tapping into this
capacity for mature empathy, deep connection, and
authentic relating. The relating skills cultivated through
the practice of Circling result in a less fear-based and
dualistic world, and more of a connection-based,
integrated world. This is more of the world that I want to
live in, for myself and my children”.
I believe, along with Bryan and many others, that Circling is a truly
revolutionary practice which, if it were more widely understood,
would change human culture and alter the course of human history.
By uniting the personal and the political, Circling sits at the leading
edge of human evolution and human transformational technologies
– perhaps even more so than any other human transformational
modality. Not to mention the fact that it’s very affordable!

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History of Circling
It seems that the practice we now call “Circling” emerged and was
discovered independently by at least 3 different groups, starting as
early as 1995. Its precise origins are unknown. It does seem,
however, that the first paid groups, and the first use of the
“Circling” name, began in the year 1998 in the Bay Area. It was
called the Arete Experience and was an intense all-immersive
weekend which was led by Guy Sengstock and Jerry Candelaria.
Guy Sengstock was an artist, philosopher, personal trainer,
bodybuilder and a massage therapist, while Jerry was at the time
working to become a Landmark Forum leader. They had a powerful
experience together at Burning Man, with a group that had moved
from conflict into a kind of collective ecstasy, and had committed
together to take the practice into the world. Besides the influence of
Burning Man and Landmark Education, the early practice of
Circling was inspired by modalities that include Gestalt, Rave
culture and drugs, Carl Rogers encounter groups, man/woman
ideas originating from Lafayette Morehouse, the Sterling Men’s
course, David Deida, Holotropic breathwork, Ali Hameed Almaas’s
Diamond Heart, the philosophy of Martin Heidegger, and more.
The Arete Experience ran until 2009, when it shut down.
Even before this, Bryan Bayer and Decker Cunov had independently
discovered the practice as a tool to resolve conflicts in their shared
college household in Missouri, later moving to San Francisco and
expanding the practice into a community called Soul 2 Soul, which
later grew into Authentic SF, one of the first “Authentic”
communities which has now spread to over 60 cities. Bryan and
Decker found Guy and Jerry in about 2003 and trained with them,
later developing the Integral style of Circling, with the help of
others at Boulder Integral. Bryan Bayer calls those early years the
“Wild West” days of Circling – anything would go.
In 2004, Bryan and Decker founded the Authentic Man Program
(AMP) which is an application of Circling into sexual and romantic
partnership, and which gained worldwide influence through their
DVD training series. AMP is still running in Boulder. Around this
time, Alexis Shepperd and Shana James, who were directly involved

in the first AMP’s as well, developed a parallel program for women
which is called the Authentic Woman Experience (AWE), and which
continues to be offered in the Bay Area. Alexis Shepperd and Guy
Sengstock started leading Arete together approximately
2005. Powerful community, friendships and collaborations
emerged out of all these ventures (Arete, Authentic SF, AMP and
AWE).
When Arete shut-down in 2009, Bryan and Decker inherited the
Bay-area community, and Guy went quiet for a while. When he
rejoined the scene, Guy and Alexis Shepperd designed a training
program called the Transformational Coach Leadership Training
(TCLT). Decker had met Robert MacNaughton, who had been
working with Ken Wilber at the first Integral Center in
Boulder. Robert went to a TCLT weekend with Guy in the Bay Area,
and came home transformed and inspired. He started offering
Circling in his living room once a week. Over several years the
events became so popular that the crowd of 30+people
overwhelmed the space. Robert and Decker started renting space at
the Integral Center in the hope of expanding the practice.
In 2011, the first Integral Center (which was created under the
direction of Ken Wilber and later taken over by Jeff Saltzman) was
about to shut-down. Robert and Decker decided, with great
trepidation, to lease the property and take over the business,
ultimately building a large Circling community in Boulder, which
includes their T3 Training program. They also co-created the
Aletheia weekend, which in many ways follows the original Arete
model of a three-day weekend of breathwork, Circling, and
community processing. In the meantime, Guy Sengstock and Alexis
Shepperd created the Circling Institute in the Bay Area, which now
runs weekends and year-long training programs, in parallel with the
activities of Boulder Integral. Circling and Authentic Relating
Games communities started blossoming everywhere, notably in
Austin, Texas.
The Austin community was founded by Sara Ness, Jordan Allen,
and others. Sara had been a college student, had discovered
Authentic Relating Games, had introduced them into her college

19
dorm with great success, and has since, working 70 hour weeks,
trained hundreds of facilitators and created dozens of communities
through her Authentic Leadership Facilitation Training (ALFT), in
addition to the large community in Austin.
In the meantime, two young men from the UK who were interested
in Integral theory and ran a Tennis academy, Sean Wilkinson and
John Thompson, had also independently discovered the practice
in 2002. They started practicing on each other 24 hours a day. In
2008 they found Decker Cunov and trained with him and later with
Guy Sengstock, ultimately founding Circling Europe in 2012, which
is based in the Netherlands.
The online Circling platform CircleAnywhere.com, which is a
product of Circling Europe, launched in 2015 and now serves people
from all over the world who are not able to meet in person, or who
live far from a Circling center. Authentic World, a product of
Boulder Integral, also offers online circling, authentic relating
games and a think-tank of best practices and trends. Three other
circling schools opened, two of them this year: Amy Silverman’s
Connection Movement (2013), Josh Stein’s Circling Wizardry
(2017), and Jason Digges and Ryel Kestano’s ART International
(also 2017).
The Circling movement, and its twin brother which is Authentic
Relating Games, are, as of now (2017), less than 20 years old. And
yet there are already over 60 communities worldwide, mostly in the
US and in North-Western Europe, and 6 schools offering advanced
training. Review the Resources section of this guide for details.
Thus, it could be argued that the “Wild West” stage of Circling is far
from over; rather it is just beginning! I personally look forward
with great excitement and anticipation to further expansion and
development of the practice, which seems to be inevitable.
More information on the history of Circling can be found in Adam
Coutts’ epic post here:
http://www.intromeditation.com/Wordpress/a-history-of-circling/
More information about the Circling Europe lineage here:

http://circlingeurope.com/what-is-circling/the-lineage-of-circling/
And this article by Sara Ness speaks to the tension between the two
founders of Circling, along with some personal stories:
https://www.authrev.com/2015/07/17/my-authenticity-isnt-real/
Refer also to Chapters 2, 4 and 5 in which I attempt to put Circling
into the larger context of the “we-space movement” and mention
other models and paradigms that are very compatible and which
seek to achieve the same goals.
Who owns the “Circling” brand? And what is the

relationship of Circling to the Authentic Relating
movement?
Not everyone agrees on what “Circling” really is, and there is still
some controversy in terms of what some people do under the
“Circling” brand. Circling is an open-source brand, and therefore
anybody can, theoretically, offer a program and call it “Circling”. I
define Circling as any practice of un-withheld, present-
moment connection to self and others, particularly when
it involves an agreement around “welcome everything”,
aka “surrender” (and thus is quite similar to encounter-group or
T-group, with the exception that in Circling, “stories” are
permissible to the extent that stories are actually happening inside
all of us in the present moment; and also all Circling carries an
explicit focus on “getting each other’s worlds”. Without that, if the
group is only for self-expression or emotional discharge, it’s not
Circling). I personally have not yet seen anything offered under the
Circling brand that does not meet my definition of Circling, or that I
would not recommend. Of course all the offers are different and
there are differences in quality and price-point, as you would
expect. In the Resources section of this guide I include comments
differentiating the three “major lineage” schools of Circling.
There is also a question of whether the practice of Authentic
Relating Games is in the Circling lineage, or is a different
modality. My take on that question, is that the Authentic Relating
movement includes three practices: Circling, Authentic Relating

21
games, and Guerrilla Circling, which is Circling people invisibly
(i.e. without explicit context or agreement), and is described in this
book. I invented the name “Guerrilla circling”, but the practice has
been around since the very origins of Circling. I would passionately
argue that the reason that Circling is so powerful, the reason for its
early success in San Francisco and for its very rapid expansion, is
precisely this, that you can make it into a 24×7 practice with the
people in your environment, whether they are aware of your
intentions or not. I go more deeply into this distinction in chapter
2.
Organization of this book

This book is organized as follows:
1. Chapter 1 (this chapter) gives you the “30,000 foot view” of
the modality and describes the benefits
2. Chapter 2: Circling Basics is a deeper dive into circling
as a presence practice, and introduces the key distinction of
Guerrilla Circling.
3. Chapter 3: Best practices is an introduction to how we
actually Circle, and to dealing with some of the challenges
that are likely to arise
4. Chapter 4: Circling Perspectives and Advanced
Practices, and Chapter 5: Complementary Modalities
list additional models and communities that can widen your
perspective and deepen your practice.
5. The What Next, Resources and Leader Formats
chapters will help you find a group, or even start your own
groups, either in-person or online.
6. The Stories chapter tells some participant stories (so far
only mine).
7. Tips for Giving and Receiving Negative Feedback is a
primer on using Ownership Language
Happy reading, and good luck with your practice!

CHAPTER 2: CIRCLING BASIC CONCEPTS
“There is no place to get to but more here” – Decker
Cunov, co-founder of Circling
What is Circling, really?

Circling has been described as “equal parts art form, meditation,
and group conversation”. But the truth of the matter is that no one
has yet come up with a definition that is fully satisfactory or that
everyone can agree on. Even among the 3 “major lineage” schools
of Circling, there is controversy about whether what some of them
are doing accurately represents the “original” form of Circling, as it
was created by Guy Sengstock and Jerry Candelaria. This
controversy is particularly alive with regards to the Surrendered
Leadership (Circling Europe) school.
One of the reason for the difficulty of accurately framing or
contextualizing the practice, is that Circling is multi-dimensional
and so any attempt to define it will by necessity be limiting. For
instance: in the next chapter I will present a relationship and
communication model that I am calling “Circling”. This model is
based on what has worked for me after about 800 hours of Circling
practice and successful leadership. Most circlers will agree that
what I am presenting here covers some important dimensions of
Circling. But Circling is, at most, 30-50% a relationship model. It
would be much more accurate to call Circling a presence practice,
sometimes known as “we-space”, “unified field”, or Transpersonal
consciousness.
It is impossible to convey the felt-experience of “we-space” in a
book. It is an experience which is informally described by circlers
as “dropping”, as in dropping into connection. It is a kind of
softening of boundaries, of surrendering into a larger whole, a sense
of completion or of perfection of the present moment. It is a non-
verbal experience and as such it can happen without any words
being spoken. It is an experience that is quite “contagious”: once a
critical mass of people in a group “drops” it is quite probable that
everyone will feel it. It can be a very pleasurable and calming

23
experience, but it can also be painful, poignant, sad, bitter-sweet.
It cannot be created through an act of will, or even the best
communication. But when it happens is tends to be very
transformational.
As such, do not imagine that you can learn to Circle effectively from
a book. Your best bet is to practice with experienced circlers, either
in person or on the online platforms. From there, you will
exponentially magnify your growth by starting to lead your own
groups and/or practicing informally with your loved ones or
business associates. The latter modality (practicing “circling”
informally with your friends) I am calling Guerrilla circling and
is covered immediately below.
Formal Circling vs. “Guerrilla Circling”

There is an important distinction to be made between the formal
practice of circling and “Guerrilla circling”. In the formal practice,
there is an assumption (“shared context”) of “welcome everything”,
that people will be interested, or at minimum attempt to respond
non-reactively, to whatever shows up. Outside of a formal circle,
however, you cannot assume that if you show up in anger, blame, or
deep pain, that people will attempt to be receptive to you.
It is a natural human reaction to push away strong emotion of any
kind, especially negative or blameful thoughts and emotions, and to
respond with judgment and distancing. As a result, many of us
walk around with a lot of anxiety, loneliness and pain that has
nowhere to go and which then feeds on itself, creating an even
greater feeling of separation from other human beings. Hardly
anyone, really, gets the quality of attention that would enable them
to shift the painful sense of separation that we all feel sometimes,
and that some of us feel all the time. Our interactions with people
tend to be quite functional, sometimes even the people closest to us.
We tend to put a lot of effort into deeply cloaking our humanity.
We are taught that this is the way things are and that we just have
to get used to it, and we do our best to put a happy face on it
(because we fear that if we didn’t, we would be even more isolated).

And our effort to pretend that everything is okay when it really isn’t,
obviously compounds the problem.
But there is good news here, which is that we don’t have to
cloak our humanity. We can strive for all of our
interactions with people to have truth and care in them,
which also, ironically, makes us much more effective in all
spheres of life. This is the practice of “Guerrilla circling”, which I
am also covering in this book.
The idea of “Guerrilla circling” is to respond to people from an
assumption that everyone desires, at some level, to love and be
loved, to know and be known, to belong. The need to belong is
deeply embedded in the context of being human, for the obvious
reason that in the tribal culture from which we came, belonging is
life-and-death. The need to belong continues to underlie much of
our behavior, but is rarely something that people talk about or even
admit. The practice of Guerrilla circling is to interact with people
with the assumption that they want to belong, to be valued and
cared of, and to be acknowledged for their contributions. It is a
fairly simple and extraordinarily powerful practice that consists,
fundamentally, in leading with vulnerability, which is further
described below, and providing quality attention and compassion to
people. It is an exercise that can be done with no prior agreement
and which is virtually guaranteed to transform all of your
relationships.

25
CHAPTER 3: CIRCLING BEST PRACTICES
“Most people do not listen with the intent to understand;
they listen with the intent to reply” – Stephen Covey
“You will always outlive my concept of you. And, I will

always have a concept for you to outlive.” – Guy
Sengstock, co-founder of Circling
In this chapter we get right into the attitudes and communications

that are most likely to serve truth and connection. These are
guidelines only and must be tested against your intuition at all
times. As such, there are suggestions here that may be wrong or not
fit for you. If so, ignore the suggestion. Also, don’t try too hard to
be a “good circler”, just do your best to follow and align with the
energy of the group, stay true to yourself, and remember that there
is no right or wrong way to do this, and that even the best and most
experienced leaders sometimes make “mistakes”.
Notes on “Guerrilla Circling”

Since formal Circling and Guerrilla Circling are quite different
practices (although with a great deal of overlap), I have attempted
to distinguish between the two practices by high-lighting the
differences. In this chapter, I will start each section by teaching the
formal circling practice, and point out differences in guerrilla
circling at the end of each section.
Notice feelings and body sensations

Until we are connected to our felt experience of life, which includes
our experience of being in our body in this moment, we have little
to give to others in an emotional way.
When you start Circling, you will likely often hear questions in the
nature of: “what are you feeling right now?”, or “what is going on
for you right now”, or “how did that land” (when someone gives
you feedback, or else a significant “reveal” of where they are at in
relationship to you). These questions are all an invitation from
others to deepen our experience of what it’s like to be us, and then
to communicate that. They are asking us these questions

because they want to feel us more in order to get our
world.
People have a greater or lesser skill, or ability, to accurately feel into
and discern the true nature of their current emotional experience.
Some of us are quite “heady” and have trouble identifying and
articulating our felt experience. Others feel so much they have
trouble distinguishing their deepest and truest emotions in the
midst of all the “noise”. Almost all of us have trouble, to a greater
or lesser degree, in distinguishing our own true feelings and desires
from the projections, needs and demands of others, and/or in
articulating those feelings in the midst, perhaps, of our fear and
anxiety that we will not be received – or worse, that people will be
angry and reject us, even as we attempt to express our deepest
truths and most tender secrets.
For those of us of a more intellectual orientation, myself included, a
question such as “what are you feeling in your body now” can occur
as downright annoying, a distraction. Of course we can choose to
express that annoyance in a circle, but generally the best attitude is
to assume that when someone is inquiring into our felt experience,
and/or giving us feedback that they are not feeling us, or else
feeling us a lot but without clarity or discernment of what’s most
important, that their intervention is coming from a desire to
connect with us more deeply. And to appreciate them from that
place, given their attempt, no matter how awkward, to get to know
us.
Connect with the group – up to a point

(follow your aliveness)
Once you start noticing your responses to the circle, and have made
your best commitment to “presence” (however you interpret this
word, but think non-attachment, non-reactivity, non-doing),
things can get interesting – possibly even extremely interesting.
Specifically: your own desires, attachments and aversions will start
to surface and you will have a choice to either look at them or space-
out (or numb out). You will be faced with choices of whether to

27
communicate your feelings, and how to do it. All kinds of emotions
can come up, from boredom to attraction to rage to vague un-
nameable discomforts and more.
Ideally your attitude towards these thoughts, feelings and
sensations would be to “welcome everything”. This is fundamental
to circling and we will be returning to this idea throughout this
book. For now, I only want to suggest you try this: connect or
align with the group as much as possible, but without
betraying yourself. In other words, follow your aliveness.
To “follow your aliveness” means to stay close to your truth in
relation to yourself and to other people. It does not mean always
communicating your truth (this topic also we will return to). It
means accepting that how you are and what you feel, is okay. You
cannot force connection, even though you may enjoy it and think
it’s a good thing; and you can’t avoid feelings of disconnection, even
though these feelings may scare you, make you angry and cause you
to judge yourself and others, or feel like a failure.
Sometimes in a circle, maybe even frequently, you will either be
feeling nothing, or else you won’t know exactly what you are feeling
or how to articulate it. There is nothing wrong with that and indeed
it is inevitable. Don’t beat yourself up for it. You can speak of your
flat emotional state, of your confusion or whatever, if you like. Or
you can just be silent and wait. It’s up to you and it’s all good.
The closer you stay to your aliveness, and to your truth in relation
to other people, the more likely it is that you and the group will
“drop” into connection. Learn to trust yourself in that, to trust that
your showing up authentically in your fear, confusion, rage,
vulnerability or whatever, is not just serving you, but is also serving
the group.
The more you circle, formally or informally, the more you will
develop this fundamental skill of trusting yourself and your
reactions, also known as “trusting your experience”. Note that
“trusting your experience” may at times involve taking challenges or
negative feedback from group members around your true intent
and way of showing up, which will carry the “trust” one step deeper,
of course. Be aware, as well, that learning to trust yourself and to

distinguish and articulate your feelings in an accurate and yet
compassionate way, is an “infinite game”, something you will likely
be working on for the rest of your life. Have some compassion
towards yourself, because sometimes it will be hard.
Get Their World: Lead from Attention,

Curiosity, and Empathy
To “lead” in a circle means, essentially, to model to others what
we want to happen in the group. This is much more effective,
in Circling and in all human relationships, than demanding to be
treated a certain way, or asking other people to be more or less of
how they are currently being (although there can be room for that,
as well, especially when they feel accepted and seen by us).
Ultimately, everyone wants to be seen, understood, and accepted
for their unique qualities and gifts. The more we do this, the more
likely it is that other people will reciprocate. But even if they don’t
reciprocate, the act of offering other people our attention, curiosity,
and empathy can be very rewarding.
Curiosity is a desire to know someone, and is the first step of
empathy, the attempt to accurately mirror back to
someone their felt experience.
Genuine curiosity and empathy are extraordinarily
effective in human relationships, simply because this is not
usually something that people get a lot of. Curiosity about people
and the desire to know and be known are universal human
longings; and yet almost all of us are, to a greater or lesser degree,
wounded or shut-down in this area. Many of us are quite timid in
expressing our natural human curiosity towards others, often out of
social conditioning about respecting other people’s privacy – and
while this is true in some cases, in other cases, people are very
happy to share their intimate feelings with us. With a little
prompting, they might even share things that they have never
shared with anybody before – even if they have just met you. Such
is the strength of the human hunger for authentic connection.

29
Expressions of Attention, Curiosity, and Empathy
The primary tool of empathy is called reflection. Simply repeat
what you heard the person say, maybe even in their exact words.
For instance, say:
• What I hear you saying is… Am I getting it right?
As a caution here, don’t do this mechanically. If you are not feeling
or understanding what they are saying, you can follow your
reflection with a clarifying question:
• … but I am not sure I am fully getting you (and I want to
get you), because I don’t understand…
• Or else: but I am still a bit confused about…
For the rest, providing curiosity and empathy is, for the most part,
fairly simple. Try any of the following:
• “What’s it like to be here with us (or, to be the center of
attention)?”
• “How is it to share that with us?”
• “I am curious about…”
• “You seem upset right now (or angry, or irritated, or
anxious, or peaceful, or soft…). Is that true? If so, can you
say more about that?
• “I am imagining that you feel...”
Another frequently-used (and very effective) aspect of empathy is
called validation, the attempt to articulate their felt experience in
a way that lets them know that you understand why they are feeling
this way and you approve of them as such. You can try:
• “That makes sense to me because…”
• “If I were in your shoes, I would be angry all the time at so-
and-so, etc., and so I find it quite amazing that you are able
to behave so lovingly”
• “Of course you are doing that (or feeling that way), I can
totally get it because…”.
You can improvise endlessly around these themes. It is really quite
unusual for people to not respond to genuine curiosity, or to

attention that is coming from a place of interest and with no
ulterior motives, at least motives that you are aware of. In fact, most
of the time, it is we who are hung-up about asking sensitive
questions, and not the people that we have curiosity about. Even in
a situation with a stranger, you can often “prepare” them for a
sensitive question by asking permission or expressing vulnerability,
as in:
• “I am shy about asking you this, but…”
• “I am intrigued by you and wonder if you would be willing
to tell me about…”
• and you can also open with an appreciation: “You occur to
me as a very open person, so I am going to take the chance
to ask you this…”.
Try this. You may be shocked at the results.
Cautions
• In offering empathy you will need to accept that sometimes
you will be dead wrong in discerning or articulating another
person’s feelings. If so, take it gracefully. There is no need to
defend yourself or justify what made you think this way
about them. Besides, it’s highly probable that even if you are
dead wrong, that your suggesting to someone of how they
might feel will help them get clearer. It is also important to
use ownership language here (see later on). You really
cannot know how someone else feels, you can only take a
guess, and then ask them if you are right.
• You may be deeply curious about an aspect of someone that
they don’t want to reveal or that makes them very
uncomfortable. You have to be sensitive to this. Don’t take it
personally if they don’t want to share, or even if they get
angry at the question. The rule of thumb here is: don’t
restrict your genuine curiosity, and ask the question anyway,
up to the point in which it becomes clear that this is a
direction that they don’t want to go. Honor yourself in
asking the question you are curious about, and also honor
the other person and respect their right to not answer.

31
Validate and Appreciate
Besides providing attention, curiosity and empathy, offering
validation and appreciation are also practices which are virtually
guaranteed to transform all your relationships, in Circling and
outside of it. This may seem obvious, but the practice is so powerful
and so simple, at least in theory, that it bears repeating.
Most of us resist telling people that we find them interesting and
attractive, or their ways of being that we find loveable, courageous
or intriguing. We all have our reasons for withholding, and we are
also victims of a great deal of cultural conditioning relating to the
inappropriateness of communicating feelings, be they positive or
negative. But to achieve mastery in human relationships, it is
absolutely essential to kill, once and for all, our internal messages
that telling people how much we like them, or the reasons that we
appreciate them, is inappropriate.
Part of the difficulty here is that giving sincere appreciation is,
oddly, scary. In addition to cultural conditioning, we may fear that
telling people how much we like and admire them will be taken as a
disguised attempt to get something from them, or get them to like
us in return – and indeed this may be the case, we may need to
examine our motives. Furthermore, there are cases where giving
positive feedback and appreciation is simply not appropriate: you
will probably not want to tell your boss how sexy you find them. At
least not in the staff meeting. You have to be sensitive to whether a
person wants to be appreciated, and the kinds of appreciation they
may be seeking. This can be tricky.
Nonetheless, the simple truth is that 90% of people will respond
positively to a sincere compliment, validation or appreciation 90%
of the time. And in many cases, even when they are not overly
effusive or responsive to the appreciation, or dismiss it entirely
(“you like that dress? That’s just an old thing”), they will secretly
enjoy it and feel closer to you. So do not be overly timid.

Guidelines and Cautions
Appreciation and validation have some dangers, which relate
mostly to other people’s perception of your sincerity and to the
quality of your own vulnerability (i.e. it’s not a one-way street).
Here are some guidelines.
• It is very important to make an effort to appreciate someone
for their impact on you, rather than your assessment or
judgment about them, no matter how positive. “Praise”
(sharing your positive judgment of someone) can be seen as
the flip-side of blame, and may be manipulative. For
instance: it is better to say “You seem so courageous to me,
and I am so inspired by that” than “you are so courageous”.
It is possible that a person might not see themselves as
courageous, and if that is true, they will likely be more
receptive to your communicating the impact they are having
on you, which is inarguable for them, than in accepting that
they are indeed, courageous. Your statement will be more
believable and more powerful. (Note: this is another instance
of the benefit of “trying to make an unarguable statement”,
as discussed below).
• By the same token, it is best to appreciate something specific
about them, rather than to make a general statement about
them. For instance: “I love you so much” is not a bad thing
to say, but it might be more effective to say “I love how clear
you are in articulating what is important to you and in
asserting your boundaries”. The latter statement gives more
information. Sometimes this is referred to as “give a specific
frame”. A “frame” is a specific event in time (“I felt you the
most when you said…”) rather than a general statement.
• In appreciating someone, be careful of “people pleasing”. In
other words, value whether your appreciation has truth,
depth and importance to you, more than you value trying to
make the other person happy and relaxed, or to have them
like you more. Of course, your desire to please can be
present. That is fine but you may want to own it. You could
say something like, “I know this is stupid, and maybe
inappropriate, but I wish you could see things how I do, of

33
how harshly you are judging yourself and that your
behavior isn’t as bad as you imagine it to be”. What you are
owning up to here is your desire to make them happy. It’s
not your job to make other people happy, and especially not
in circling ☺.
• Be direct and be succinct. Don’t go on and on about how
wonderful they are. The goal here is to give them something
to reflect on, so be brief and put the attention back on them
as quickly as possible.
• Finally, consider the idea that the skills of directness and
brevity are actually something to practice in all of your
human interactions, so start now with the “easy
communications”, and then once you get better at it, move
on to the more difficult communications, in which brevity
will be even more important.
Guerrilla Circling: Compliments and Appreciations

Compliments and appreciations are extremely powerful for creating
connection, especially when there is not an implicit context for
connection such as exists in a formal circle. As such, compliments
and appreciations have a big place in Guerrilla circling.
In Guerrilla circling you can be much more relaxed and uninhibited
in giving compliments and appreciations. While you would never
want to be insincere, it is more permissible in guerrilla circling to
give compliments out of a pure desire (or at least part-desire) to
have an impact on somebody and to have them notice you, like you
and want to be your friend. This takes us into some grey zones of
human relationship (is it okay to manipulate someone for their own
good?). It is a deep question, but there is a rule-of-thumb which
you might find helpful. Ask yourself: do I have a sincere desire
to contribute to another person by communicating
something true about myself and how I perceive them?
And (important) is this communication likely to be a
contribution to them? If you don’t get a clear “yes” to those two
questions, maybe it’s best to remain silent. As an alternative to
expressing direct appreciation, you can communicate interest,
attraction or connection intent to someone non-verbally; and you

can also visualize connection (check the Heart Math process,
www.HeartMath.com – this is actually very powerful).
But with those caveats: don’t hold back. Try and imagine what the
person would like to hear, and if it is at all true for you, just say it.
Sometimes it is even okay to communicate sexual interest or
attraction towards strangers (in a formal circle it is virtually always
okay to communicate attraction). But use your judgment and don’t
take it personally if the person rejects your appreciation.
Lead from Vulnerability

In addition to offering curiosity, empathy, and appreciation, which
are aspects of trying to elicit and understand another person’s felt
experience, you will also want to reveal your own felt experience.
Sharing your true feelings, and especially those feelings which you
are most afraid to reveal, angry, ashamed, or guilty about (the
“unacceptable” feelings), is the second key aspect of leadership in
Circling.
Why is sharing vulnerability such a powerful practice for creating
connection? First because it is a courageous act of love.
People usually want to know us, they want to feel connected to
us and get our world. When we share our feelings with people
without a demand or expectation that they respond in any
particular way, we give other people the opportunity to contribute
to us. The difference between “complaining” and vulnerability is
that in true vulnerable sharing we are opening ourselves up to
feedback, rather than speaking for the pleasure of hearing our own
voice or of making ourselves look better than other people. True
vulnerability opens up a dialogue, and for this reason it tends to be
very attractive; but it’s also taking a risk, because people may not be
interested in contributing to us in that moment, and because they
may respond with fear to our vulnerability or be repelled by it.
Vulnerability can be scary, on both the sending and the receiving
end of it, and this is perhaps what makes it so interesting and
exciting. Nonetheless, in many cases people will thank us
afterwards for telling them how we really feel, for opening up a

35
conversation that has the potential for being transformational for
everyone.
And the second reason why sharing vulnerability creates
connection, is that often people see it as permission to share
more of themselves as well. Typically, as we share more, so do
they, which then gives us permission to say even more and get more
real still. Ideally, this keeps on amplifying so long as we are with
the person, or with the group; and the next time we come back
together, we continue where we left off and maybe go deeper still.
You may find this experience quite addictive. You may find that
you can’t get enough of it. Some people, including myself, believe
that humans are meant to relate like this all the time. But we tend
to forget about the power and importance of curiosity, empathy and
vulnerability. We tend to forget the extraordinary impact that these
simple practices can have on others and ourselves.
Most of us have a great deal of attention on ourselves, on our own
thoughts, problems and needs. Learning to enlarge that circle of
attention is the essence of becoming more fully human. We do this
by paying attention to others – deep attention – and then reflecting
back to them what we see, or imagine, of their internal state. Almost
everyone will brighten visibly when you do this with them. It is
even possible that it will be the first time in their lives that they
receive real kindness from anyone, or that they feel entirely seen
and understood by another human being. It’s possible that in one
minute, you can alter the course of their life.
Cautions
Being vulnerable means to share both positive and “negative”
feelings that you may have towards yourself and others. In
choosing what to share and what to hold back, you have to
judge whether you are serving truth and connection. This
is not always easy to determine.
In Circling, as in all human relationships, you can (and should) be
very uninhibited about sharing positive feelings you have towards
others. You can also be fairly uninhibited in sharing your own
fears, anxieties and inadequacies about yourself. You do, however,

need to be cautious in sharing negative feelings towards others.
When you do feel a need to share negative feelings, it really ought to
come from a place of commitment to connection – of wanting to
enter a space of truth with someone with the goal of achieving
deeper understanding of them and of yourself, but without a
demand for agreement or closure or even listening. It’s also very
important to use “ownership language”, which I will talk about next.
Thus it is quite important to examine your own motives prior to
sharing negative feelings with another person. To the extent there
is any sense of “make-wrong” towards the other person, and that
you are speaking to them out of a demand that they change their
behavior in order to please you or ease your own suffering, or out of
a desire to teach them something such as the “correct” way to
behave, you need to go back to the drawing board and find a
different attitude or style of expression. This is especially true when
you feel a sense of rightness, or even “righteous indignation” about
their behavior. If you don’t do this, the other person might hear you
say (and this may in fact be true), that their way of being is
distressing to you, that you judge them for it and you want them to
immediately stop – as opposed to your communicating your
judgments of them, or anger or upset, out of a sincere desire to
understand why they are being this way, so that you can (hopefully)
make peace with it and return to a space of mutual caring and
understanding.
In addition to the above, the fact of your having a strong reaction to
someone in the nature of “righteous indignation”, along with a
reduced sense of empathy towards them, points directly and
irrefutably to something powerful that has been triggered in you
and which you are trying to fix in them. This could be a good time to
share and reflect on what’s going on for you, rather than attempting
to fix them.
In a formal circling context with a skilled facilitator, if you’re not
sure whether you’re triggered or not, or what your motive is for
sharing a negative feeling, my advice would be: try sharing it
anyway, and trust in the ability of the group to help you figure out
what is happening. As a powerful way to invite inquiry into your

37
experience, you can state something along the lines of “I’m not sure
what my motive is in sharing this, but it feels important”. This is a
great way to turn a confusing impulse into vulnerable leadership: “I
feel this and I want to share it but I don’t know why or even
whether I should share it.”
Guerrilla Circling, Negative feedback, and an NVC

Primer
When practicing Guerrilla Circling, such as in every-day conflict
situations with people in your life, you have to be even more careful,
more discerning and more disciplined about giving negative
feedback.
The reason for that has already been stated: you can’t assume a
person in your life who hasn’t circled, such as a house-mate or
business associate, is going to have skill and commitment to explore
the space of connection with you. It is possible that they are angry
and blameful towards you and have little interest in investigating
the connection space between the two of you, which may be non-
existent from their perspective. It’s possible they just want you to
change or adapt to them in order to ease their own suffering, and
they may not be very receptive to your telling them that it’s not your
job to ease their suffering, and that they need to take greater
ownership of their feelings and communicate more responsibly if
they want to be heard by you – even though all this may be “true”.
The Non-Violent Communication (NVC) model can be extremely
helpful in cases such as this. There is a considerable overlap
between Circling and NVC, with the difference that NVC does not
assume or ask the other person for a commitment to connection.
NVC simply assumes that the other person has “needs” – for
understanding, affection, belonging, acknowledgement etc. – and
then tailoring your attitude and language towards meeting those
needs in them (which, hopefully, will calm them down and make
them more receptive to you). As such, NVC might be more attuned
to the Guerrilla Circling practice.
Let me give an example. Your housemate has been leaving dirty
dishes and you feel a sense of outrage. After some introspection
you track it down to this belief: “Caring and responsible people

don’t leave dirty dishes. My housemate is demonstrating that he is
irresponsible and doesn’t care for me”. Before you approach your
housemate, you would be wise to consider: Is this belief really true?
Have you yourself ever left dirty dishes for your mother to clean up?
Are you justifying your anger towards your housemate by imagining
that you are right, that there is a right way to behave, and that you
have something to teach them about what’s right? What are the
feelings and needs that might be alive in your housemate? Is it
possible they are just overwhelmed and unhappy with their life, and
doing their own dishes is difficult for them and has really nothing to
do with you? This is the kind of self-inquiry that we ought to
consider prior to engaging another person in negative feedback.
Even in cases where you feel completely justified and are
dealing with a minimum acceptable behavior that you
need to be respected, you would still be wise to approach
the other person with curiosity about them, and try to
express care rather than your unspoken (covert) or even
overt make-wrongs – if you want to be heard, that is.
Sharing negative feelings with other people can be difficult under
the best of circumstances. A “pure” Circling approach would to
share vulnerability, admit that you are upset and that you may not
even know why: “As I hear you speak and express your anger, I
feel strong resistance to you and also feel totally unseen and
disconnected from you, and it is very painful for me”. But this is
probably not a formula that you would want to try with your non-
circler housemate who is attacking you for failing to do the dishes.
In general, it is always tricky to challenge someone to some way of
being that is different than how they are currently showing up
(maybe fuller or more true, or more loving, at least from your
perspective). This is a complex topic. We will return to it in the
“Communicate Responsibly” section.
Share Impact, Offer Reflection and Inquiry

“Sharing impact” is another aspect of vulnerability. It means to let
people know how they occur to you, and particularly any emotional
reactions you may be having to them: joy, excitement, sadness,

39
anxiety, tension in your body, irritation, boredom, confusion, or
whatever. You will particularly want to share any strong emotions
that you are having in response to them.
Sharing impact is fundamental to the process of connection. Most
people want to know and are intensely curious about how
they occur to others, but are often afraid of asking directly.
Many people, and all of us at times, carry an ongoing internal
conversation when we are relating to someone. It might go like
this: is this person liking me? Am I being appropriate here? Do
they think I am smart, attractive, lovable…? Do I have bad breath?
Are they noticing I forgot to brush my hair, or the stain on my
shirt? Etc., etc. The beauty and power of Circling, as opposed to
traditional ways of relating, is that in Circling we seek to expose this
“meta-conversation”, and we have agreement and permission to do
so.
“Impact” can be anything at all that you are thinking and feeling
with respect to another person, but also anything that you are
imagining that they are thinking and feeling. Technically speaking,
what you yourself are thinking and feeling in relation to someone,
and what you imagine they are thinking and feeling, are quite
different things. But in practice, the two types of sharing will occur
together.
Danger zones of sharing impact and offering

reflection
• It is a truism that your thoughts and feelings towards
another person – let alone your imagining of what they are
thinking and feeling – will be colored by your own
experiences, fears and projections (and in case you are not
already aware of this, Circling will cause you to learn this
quite rapidly ☺). These imaginings, or even felt sensations,
may not necessarily have any “truth” or reality to the other
person, meaning that your reaction may be completely about
you. This is in the nature of human relationships, that we are
so frequently wrapped up in ourselves and our own
experience that we do not see people accurately, and our
internal reactions to others are often out of proportion to

their real condition and intent. Therefore, you would be wise
to be very humble in offering your feelings and perspectives
to another person (maybe not all the time – there may be
times that being very blunt is called for). But regardless,
always attempt to use “ownership language” and also don’t
take it personally if the person is unmoved by your impact,
or even responds negatively.
• It’s also possible that you may be entirely “right” in your
analysis or diagnosis of somebody, or in your perception of
their deeper emotions, but they won’t be ready to hear it or
interested in what you have to share. To share a
reflection with someone who is not interested in
what you have to say, particularly a negative
reflection, is not love, it is violence. This is not true in
100% of situations (your child may not be interested in your
feelings about them playing in the street, but you will still
communicate that). But you can generally treat this as an
inviolable rule in relating to adults, although note here the
important distinction between sharing a “reflection” as a
judgment, versus a true vulnerable share that is not making
anybody wrong. Your best bet in this kind of situation is
either to say nothing at all until you get more internal clarity,
or else return to vulnerable sharing, perhaps around your
feeling of disconnection from this person. Also refer to the
earlier section on “Guerrilla circling and negative feedback”
for ideas here.
• You can directly share that you have a judgment, provided
that you state upfront that your judgment may not have any
reality and that you present it from a desire for clarification
rather than it being a truth of any kind.
• With those caveats, however, do not be timid, and
particularly if you have a strong reaction to someone, either
positive or negative. In general you can assume, until proven
otherwise, that a person who is showing up in a circling
group is going to be interested and curious about how they
occur to people; more so, for instance, than a casual

41
acquaintance might be. It’s okay to take risks in your
communication.
• By the same token, if you are on the receiving end of a
thought or feeling that doesn’t fit for you, you can say so, or
you can just let it go, knowing that when all is said and done,
most anything anybody shares with you is going to be about
them. Remember that by sharing yourself vulnerably, you
are not only taking an opportunity to discover yourself at a
deeper level, you are giving others an opportunity to discover
themselves through you.
Below are some alternative formulations for skillfully sharing
negative feelings with people. Note that sometimes it is quite okay
to be blunt, and the power of Circling is precisely that, that it’s okay
to share your truth without worrying too much how the other
person will respond. However, there is a thin line between “truth”
and violence, as already mentioned. Use discernment, as in the
following examples.
Rather than… Try…
“I am not feeling If you don’t feel related to somebody in the
you” circle, the most powerful approach is to try
and figure out why. Because a statement
such as “I am not feeling you” carries an
undertone of “I should be feeling you and if
I am not, it’s your fault”. Think instead:
does this person remind you of somebody in
your life you have issues with? Are you just
having a bad day and struggling to put real
attention on anyone? What’s it like to want
to feel connected to someone, and not be
able to? Even if the person is not
“relateable” by you, the thoughts and feeling
that arise in you from this experience might
prove valuable. See the later section
“Welcome everything” for more ideas here.
“I feel bored Same as above: explore what it would take to
hearing you talk deepen your experience with the other

about your person, and/or look at your own stuff that
mother” might be coming in the way. Put some “skin
in the game” (your own skin) rather than
standing in judgment or indifference to the.
You could try:
“How are you feeling about your mother
right now as you are talking?” [provide
genuine curiosity, bring it to the present
moment]
Or: “I would like to understand what is
most important for you here. Is this really
what you want to talk about? What are you
getting from this conversation? [gently and
respectfully challenge, as well as open an
inquiry]
Or: “I can’t explain it, but I have a sense
that there is something you want from this
conversation that you are not getting. Is
this true?” [Offer an inquiry, but
respectfully. Because if the circlee responds
“Yes this conversation is exactly what I am
needing”, then you can back-off your
judgment that you, and maybe everyone else
as well, is bored, knowing that your
attention is actually being received and
appreciated. You might then become more
engaged]
“Why are you so Rather than expressing a judgment or lack
upset? It happens of resonance with somebody upfront, try
to everybody” and look for places of resonance, as in “I felt
you the most when you said…”. You can
always return to negative feedback later, if
necessary, and this will certainly be way
more impactful once the circlee feels

43
connected to you and senses that you get
their world and are on their side
Offering Reflection / Inquiry

To “offer reflection and inquiry” is to ask a question that deepens a
person’s process, an offer to further distinguish or articulate their
felt experience; or, alternatively, to offer them something that
occurs to you in your experience of them, in the hope that it will be
meaningful or illuminating to them.
Offering useful reflection and inquiry to people is a core skill of
circling and a quite advanced one, which can only be learned
through practice. This is a complex topic and one of the reasons
that people go to advanced circling trainings. Some of it may just
consist of “walking through” a person’s thinking and feeling
experience with them (what they have already shared) and then
asking for clarification. It may also involve noticing dissonance
between the circlee’s words and their non-verbals, and/or
articulating feelings that arise in you which seem out-of-sync or
unrelated to the circlee’s words. I will give just a few examples
here, and encourage the reader to pursue some of the resources
listed later. (Some of these examples are drawn from Sara Ness’s
The Art of Getting Somebody’s World)
• “You have used those words, ‘I don’t feel that anyone cares’,
three times in this circle. What does that mean for you?”
[Reflect and inquire]
• “You seem to be feeling something intense right now. I feel
drawn to this. Are you willing to stay there with us?”
[Reflect, empathize, appreciate, offer to slow it down]
• “What are you thinking about as you are looking around?”
[Bring it to the present moment]
• “When you say ‘I don’t know’, what is going through your
mind (or, how does that feel in your body)”? [Curious and
inquire]
• “I’ve always thought you were scared of me. Is that true?”
[Vulnerable share and curiosity]

• “When I ask how you are feeling, you seem angry, and I
imagine you don’t want to be asked. Is that true?” [Reflect,
empathize, inquire]
• “Did anyone else in the room think that he was angry?”
[Engage the room, seek other perspectives]
• “You say you feel sad right now, but I notice you smiled
after you said that. Did you notice that? What were you
thinking?” [Reflect dissonance and inquire]
• When you hear a long explanation: “Are you afraid that we
are not going to understand you?” [Reflect, inquire]
• When the group is asking a lot of question, and the circlee
gives short responses: “It seems that we really want to get
to know you. Do you want to be known by us?” [Reflect,
gently challenge]
• “We have touched three times on your desire to be accepted
by us, but every time you say that you make a joke. Is it
uncomfortable or scary for you to reveal that?” [Reflect
dissonance and inquire]
• “What are you getting from this circle”, or “is there
something shifting as you are talking?” [Bring it back to the
present moment]
Guerrilla Circling and sharing impact

You have to be more cautious sharing impact in Guerrilla Circling.
In essence you have to be more discerning of what the other person
is able to (or wants to) hear from you. You need to have
(proportionately) more attention on them and less on yourself and
your own needs than you would in a formal circle (partly because in
a formal circle you will also get help from the facilitators or other
participants, while in Guerrilla Circling you will likely be on your
own and there is therefore a greater risk that you can mess up really
badly). In Guerrilla Circling the connection intent (or listening)
may not be so strong, so you want to do your best to make sure that
you are really serving truth and connection in the interaction,
rather than “talking above them” or asking them to share a context
which they may not have a clue about, and which they might think

45
is ridiculous even if you tried to explain it to them. Reverting back
to straight-up NVC, as already described, can be quite helpful here.
Own Your Experience (Communicate

Responsibly)
“Owning your experience” means to frame your communications
more in terms of your feelings, needs and desires in relationship to
another person, and less in terms of your beliefs or judgments
about the person, the reasons that you think this person is the way
they are, or the things they are saying which you think are wrong.
This is, once again, a very complex topic which we can only brush
on here. You may want to check resources in Non-Violent
Communication for ideas (Google Erik Erhardt’s paper Can we
talk), and also explore a modality called Clean Talk, which is even
more rigorous than NVC. Much of these practices involve getting
internal clarity about the judgments and beliefs that underlie many
of our communications, and then re-stating them from a
perspective of our feelings and needs, rather than the unowned or
unexpressed judgment.
Returning to the previous example: the judgment “responsible
people do their own dishes” (or “kind people do not talk like this”):
even if these judgments are “true”, this won’t help you change the
other person’s behavior one iota, if they disagree with you or feel
attacked by you, which is probable after hearing something like this.
So, rather than coming at the person from this belief that is about
your making them wrong for their behavior, you might open with a
feeling statement, or even a vulnerable share, such as “I get really
irritated with you when you leave dirty dishes and then I feel
disconnected from you”; and then prepare to give empathy, at least
to the extent that you are capable of it in the moment.
Some people call this “responsible communication”, and it is,
unfortunately, quite rare. The normal, or “default” way that people
communicate negative feelings is virtually guaranteed to increase
reactivity on both sides and create distance. This style of
communication is unlikely to further your goal, whether it be to get
closer to another person, or else to get them to do something that

you want, such as listen to you or provide empathy. You may feel
momentarily better about “giving them a piece of your mind”, but in
the end you will both likely be unhappy and unfulfilled. You may
even get into a cycle of reactivity with someone, of demands and
counter-demands, threats and accusations, which can go on for
years – when, perhaps, a direct statement of your need and simple
acknowledgement of them and their need, would immediately solve
the problem. This is the reason we call this type of communication
“irresponsible”, but it would be just as accurate to call it “stupid
communication”: nobody is being served by it. At best, you are
wasting everybody’s time and energy, including your own.
Responsible communication is a tough skill to practice when we are
angry and upset with someone, or judging them to be bad and
wrong. We all struggle with it.
Using ownership language well is an art form, however there is a
rule-of-thumb which you might want to attempt: try and make
an unarguable statement – a statement that nobody can
disagree with because it references your own feelings, for
which you are the undisputed authority. This will not
entirely stop people from challenging you or wanting to argue with
you, but it will probably decrease their reactivity and make them
more receptive to you. As already noted, owning your experience is
especially important when giving someone negative feedback, or
sharing about something that they are doing that is distressing to
you or that makes you feel more distant from them.
Guerrilla Circling and ownership language

In your everyday life, just as in Circling, you will find “difficult
people” who challenge you in some way or upset you in their way of
being. In communicating your anger or distress with them, you will
have to be careful not to lose them completely, to the point they
won’t want anything to do with you (unless that is also your
intention, that you don’t want anything to do with them – but in
that case why talk to them at all?). In Guerrilla Circling with such
people, it will sometimes be necessary to soften your impact,
especially if they are also angry or upset, and/or return to empathy
until they calm down sufficiently to be able to listen to you.

47
Sometimes you will need to give up telling them everything, all the
things they do which are offensive to you, in one sitting.
Nonetheless, consider this idea: that it may be better to say
“something” to them rather than to say nothing at all, even if that
something is quite gentle, a tiny fraction of your true feelings
towards them. If you don’t say anything at all, you may well suffer
for it afterwards, and therefore to be silent is being unkind towards
yourself and unkind towards them (because you will continue to be
upset with them, which they truly do not want regardless of the
terrible things they may be saying to you). They may really
welcome an opportunity to clear the air with you, or they may be
totally unaware of the negative impact they are having on you and
be grateful to you for letting them know. It is extremely important,
however, in such a case to use as full ownership language as you
possibly can.
I return to this topic in the two sections below “Make Right, Not
Wrong” and “Honor Yourself”.
Make Right, Not Wrong (Find People Right,

Approve of them)
When you are reacting to someone in a negative way, and judging
them wrong for how they are being, it can be helpful to take on the
following perspective: people are the way they are for a reason, they
are the product of their genes and of the environment that nurtured
them (or not); and consequently it is certain that if you were born
into their body and had the experiences they had, you would behave
exactly the same.
This is sometimes referred to as “finding people right”, and is
one of the most important skills that you could ever master, if you
hope to be effective as a human change agent. It is actually one of
the great paradoxes of human relationships: that people change a
lot faster in the direction that you want (or that they want
for themselves), when they are first accepted as they are.
Approving of other people does not mean that you will always agree
with them or feel their behavior is justified. It means that you will

attempt to find something to agree with, empathize or
appreciate about them. This is not always easy, and in some
cases you may find it impossible, but usually you will find that even
a small effort in that direction will give huge dividends in dealing
effectively with difficult people and interactions. At minimum, it
should give you more peace of mind with regards to the situation,
which holds the potential for increasing your mental clarity and
designing an effective intervention, should one be necessary.
The reason that “finding people right” is so effective is that it
reflects a fundamental reality of the human condition: that none of
us owns the truth, or the whole truth, of what is best for the world,
for other people, or even for ourselves. “Truth” in human
relationships can only be found by agreement. Another way to say
this is that “in relationship, everyone is right”. Taking that
perspective will, in most cases, be a win for everyone, providing a
fertile ground from which a positive conversation might emerge.
Indeed, one of the reasons that Gandhi, Martin Luther King and
other powerful world peace leaders were so effective is that they
recognized the humanity of their opponents, even as they actively
worked to unseat them and their ideas.
“That which we resist, persists” said Werner Erhart. “Resist not
evil” said Jesus. Jesus offered that perspective even in matters
where we might be certain that evil is present. Imagine how much
more true that perspective will be, in the vast majority of cases in
which we really cannot be certain of what is right and wrong?
Be Impactable
“Being impactable” is an advanced form of empathy and is the
essence of what transformative relationship is all about. The idea
there is when people share something sensitive about themselves,
they are usually not interested so much in your thoughts or
judgments about their experience, whether you think they are right
or wrong to be feeling and thinking as they are. But they are,
usually, very interested in your ability to get their experience and to
be moved by it. And above anything else, they will likely be
passionately interested in anything they say which you could apply

49
creatively to yourself, something that could brighten your world or
change something in you. It is a universal human longing to want
to have an impact on other people.
Let me quote Sara Ness here:
Let yourself be affected by others’ experience. Empathize from
your own world, remembering similar experiences or feelings in
your past. Let yourself be touched by how they are showing up
right now with you. Be so here that you could be destroyed by this
connection – and over time, you will discover your own
invincibility.
Guerrilla Circling and “Being Impactable”

“Being Impactable” is even more effective in Guerrilla Circling, for
the simple reason that people probably won’t expect it. They may
be charmed and thrilled by the fact that you have the courage to tell
them how they are affecting you.
For these reasons, you may want to double-up your positive impact
statements in real life and with the people in your environment. To
fail to communicate emotional impact towards someone when it is
present, is both cruel and stupid, because you could make a real
difference to someone by doing so, and because you could make a
new friend or ally.
Honor Yourself (Handling Conflict)

To “honor yourself” means to take care of yourself emotionally in
your interactions with people. Specifically, it means that you do not
have to do anything that doesn’t feel right to you, answer any
question, accept anybody’s feedback, or be any particular way,
regardless of what anyone says – even a group leader! You even
have an option to walk out of a group (or hit the “close” button in an
online group) – I have done it once or twice myself, and I have
threatened to do it many other times!
Dropping out of a group should be considered a measure of last
resort, hopefully to be done only after you have expressed your
ambivalence about what is happening, or even rage, and haven’t felt

heard in that; however it is always an option, and you should not
judge yourself for leaving a group if you feel you have to do it, or
judge anyone else for it either. Indeed in some cases it might be the
responsible thing to do: better to leave the group and let yourself
cool off, than to explode at them in your rage at how bad and wrong
they are, or all the ways in which they are not getting your world or
even putting you down.
(Note: leaving a group is controversial. What I am giving you here
is my perspective on it, which may or may not be shared by others.
It is very important for me personally to have choice which
relationships are empowering to me and which ones are not, and
not to engage with a group out of a sense of obligation. Of course if
you are blowing up and leaving groups consistently, that is not a
good thing and will have negative impact on people wanting to
circle with you).
In practice, it is quite rare for people to leave a group in the middle.
It is much more common for people to say nothing, and then feel
mild to intense discomfort or anger for hours or days afterwards,
and wish that they had said something. It is quite likely you will
find most groups very nurturing and connecting, this is the nature
of the practice and the power of coming together with connection
intent. Nonetheless, conflicts will arise, and they can be very
valuable to everyone. In many cases, a major conflict in a person’s
life, or in a group, can be the cause of a deep shift and growth.
As such, you would be wise to value all conflict that comes up in a
group, to practice empathy and all the attitudes and skills already
covered. It is likely that you will find these attitudes and skills very
valuable in other aspects of your life outside of Circling. And so,
what better opportunity than to practice now in Circling, when you
can probably count on at least a few people in the group to “have
your back” and be making an effort to understand your experience
and empathize with you?
Guerrilla Circling and “Honor Yourself”

In Guerrilla circling someone who is attacking you and (seemingly)
holding no value to “commitment to connection”, it can be very

51
powerful for you to stay in connection with them unilaterally. It can
help them be seen in a way that they perhaps thought impossible
(hence why they wanted to break the connection).
You can do this either in formal circles or else with strangers. Let
me give an anecdote on the latter (from the blog of my friend Lisa
Campion). This is black-belt level A/R and you may not be up for it.
There is nothing wrong with walking away, either (maybe with a
negative impact statement: “I don’t like how you are talking to me
and I won’t participate in this”, or just “I am sorry, I can’t listen to
this, I need to walk away”). You should not push yourself beyond
what you have to give.
But here is Lisa’s story:
“The other day, I was in what could have been a parking lot rage
incident. I was in the Target parking lot and I left my empty
shopping cart near my car rather than take it back to the little
corral. Mostly because I broke my foot and it’s in a walking cast
and my foot was aching already. The cart corral suddenly looked
like it was a long way away.
Then a gust of wind came along and blew the cart into a man’s
very nice car. I watched it go feeling like –uh oh and ….ding.
Instantly he became a very angry dude. He ran over to me and
was really yelling, how rude, what the hell was my problem, he
was on a roll, all purple in the face. He stopped when he saw my
foot in the air cast. I apologized but he kept right on going. I could
feel that his anger was about something else and I was just the
trigger, it was so obvious. The ding had opened up his anger
closet, which was full and it all overflowed.
He was projecting this all over me. Of course it is annoying to have
your car dinged by a shopping cart (It didn’t even leave a mark,
truthfully) but his reaction was epic, it was like an 8 out of 10
when maybe the ding was worthy of a 2.
I got very grounded and opened my heart, just as if he was a client
in my office. It was an experiment to see what would happen- so I
trotted out my therapy voice and said, “Yeah dude, I am really

sorry, I can see how mad you are. Anyone would be angry, I
totally get it. My cart totally dinged your beautiful car.”
Angry Dude: “Yeah well- You should be more responsible and less
of a selfish jerk blah blah…” He was off and running again.
Me: “Yes, you are right. Should have put that back where it was
supposed to go. I hate it when people are selfish jerks. That sucks.”
Angry Dude looked less angry. He blinked a few times. “Yeah well.
Next time you should. But maybe you didn’t cuz your foot is
broken. I can see how maybe you didn’t want to walk all the way
over there. I had a really tough day at work. My boss is a selfish
jerk.”
Me: “Dude, that’s rough. I work for myself and sometimes I can be
a jerk to myself so I know what it’s like having a jerky boss.”
Angry Dude was no longer angry. It did take him a second to
figure that one out, but he sat down on the edge of my bumper and
unloaded the trials and tribulations of his life. He was going
through a divorce and missed his kids. His life was in a crappy,
terrible place and he was feeling lost. I love these moments when I
get a chance to do some parking lot therapy so I just listened. This
does happen to me on a pretty regular basis and I actually enjoy
connecting and listening to people. After a while I said to him that
maybe it was a chance to reconstruct his life and what did he think
he needed to do to reconnect with his kids and get support for
himself? But mostly I just listened.
Eventually, he stood up and said he was glad I bumped into him.
(He had a good sense of humor under all that rage!) We shared a
handshake and then even a quick hug.”
Welcome Everything
The previous section “Honor yourself” describes the more extreme
case of “Welcoming everything”, which is accepting that conflict will
occasionally arise in a group, and as such it is better to welcome
what is already present than to resist it (a strategy which is valuable

53
in all human relationships, incidentally). In most cases, however,
your reactions and feelings will be less dramatic than presented
earlier: boredom, tensions in your body, mild irritation, slight
confusion, or distracting thoughts such as “what am I doing here”
or “rats, I forgot to take out the garbage” or “this is stupid, I would
much rather be painting my nails right now”. To “welcome
everything” means to accept whatever thoughts and feelings are
arising in the moment as, perhaps, something valuable, something
which carries the potential for insight or an interesting and
transformative conversation.
Another way of saying this, is to consider the possibility that
everything that is happening inside of you in relation to the group is
“an excuse for intimacy”: meaning that you are in a process of self-
discovery, and other-discovery, in a way that is quite mysterious
and that all of your feelings, no matter how unrelated they may
seem, are contributing to that. Furthermore, you can’t really avoid
these feelings anyway, so you would be wise to surrender to them
(see the final section “Surrender Gracefully”). For instance: you
might imagine that you would be having more fun painting your
nails, or washing dishes; and you may be right; but since you have
chosen to spend an hour in a circling group, you may as well get as
much out of the experience as you can.
This is the aspect of Circling that has being spoken of as
“inter-subjective meditation”. In classical meditation, you are
noticing thoughts and sensations and your internal reactions of
attraction and aversion to these sensations, while attempting to not
get over-attached or over-invested one way or the other. Ideally, in
classical meditation you are taking the perspective that these
thoughts and feelings are merely “interesting” – rather than good,
bad, completely stupid or life-changing insights. In other words,
you are “taking it all lightly”. In Circling, the invitation is to do
exactly the same: take it all lightly. Trust that whatever truth or
falseness, enlightenment or stupidity, will be revealed to you at the
right time. In the meantime, your job is merely to pay attention.
It can be frustrating to have to wait for clarity when things don’t
make sense right away. But experience shows that events that
didn’t connect up neatly while you were circling, still seem to have a

capacity to teach you the lessons they contained, even days or weeks
or months later. All you need in the moment is to trust in your self’s
ability to record and process things in its own time and pace.
It is particularly important to understand and accept that when you
are having a strong reaction to someone, either positive or negative,
that ultimately it is all about you. Thus, while you might think that
you are reacting to someone because of how they are being, and this
may be “true” from an ordinary perspective, it would be equally true
to say that you are reacting to someone because of something in you
that is resonating with them, either positively or negatively. Taking
that perspective will help you see all the people in your life as a gift
to you, since they are helping you gain self-awareness and
discrimination – no matter how stupid and irritating they may
seem at times.
Slow Down
We live in a culture which generally values performance and
achievement more than it values “being”, relatedness, or genuine
aliveness and emotional connection. Many of us, including myself,
carry this valuing of speed over connection into our Circling groups.
We talk fast, process things fast, are driven to make our point, fill
the space, communicate our deepest truth and get it all done as
quickly as possible – even when, ironically, what is trying to “get
done” here is connection and transformation, things which
generally don’t respond well to time pressure. We may fear that if
we miss the opportunity to self-express, right now, those few
precious minutes of attention and air-time that we are offered will
be wasted.
This fear of slowing down is actually not a rational fear, when our
intention is connection and depth. Indeed, often the first thing that
needs to happen to deepen a group conversation is simply to start
taking our time. We can choose to appreciate the unfolding
mystery of connection as it’s happening, more than our desire to
fulfill our communication and “transformation” agenda, no matter
how urgent or compelling it might seem to us.

55
So what does “slowing down” look like? It is generally very simple,
such as talking more slowly, or not at all, while noticing body
sensations or the quality of our connection to others. We slow
down, essentially, in order to feel more. A lot of people have trouble
feeling and talking at the same time. The solution in such cases is
often to talk less, while still holding attention on the person who is
being circled. Silence is not a bad thing.
In a group with a skilled facilitator you will probably, at some point,
hear some direction such as: “pause there for a moment. I want to
feel into this”, or “pause there, I don’t want to miss this moment”.
This can be considered a gift: people are giving us feedback about a
moment of truth or authentic connection which we would entirely
miss, if we were to continue in the bulldozer action and relentless
flow of our thoughts, the ceaseless internal processing that may
dominate our life outside of Circling, and perhaps life in the 21st
century in general.
To note, however, that having a communication or transformation
agenda is not in itself a bad thing. Most of us do have some kind of
agenda, a need of some kind, no matter how much we are, or
pretend to be, all-accepting and open to everything and “spiritual”.
There is actually a kind of unavoidable tension in Circling, and
maybe in all human relationships, between: on the one hand,
fulfilling our personal agendas; and on the other hand, being in the
moment, in service to others, and “surrendering to ‘what is’ ”. See
the later section “The Yin and the Yang of Circling: Connection
Intent vs. Developmental Intent” for more about this.
Surrender Gracefully
I conclude this section of best practices with perhaps the greatest
and hardest skill of all: the art of graceful surrender.
To “surrender” means, in its best form, one of two things. The

personal meaning of “surrender” is to accept the fact that we are a
certain way and feel certain things, and to stop fighting with
ourselves about that, to stop “the war of sub-personalities”. This
could also be called “surrendering to the inevitable”, in that most of
us have little or no control over our feelings (although, ironically, in

the act of acceptance of all our feelings, no matter how crazy or
“dysfunctional” we imagine them to be, they often transform into
something else or recede into the background).
The second aspect of “surrender” is in relation to other people, and

it simply means: Stop trying to change people or argue with
them, and accept them as they are. You may even simply
decide to do what they want you to do, for their sake, even
though it may not be something you need or want for
yourself.
Why would you do this? Because, as the saying goes, you may
decide that it is more important for you to be happy than to be
right. You may make a choice for the higher good.
Graceful (or true) surrender is distinct from “submission” or

“appeasement” or even “sacrifice”. You are not giving in to
demands which you may perceive as selfish and stupid, simply
because other people have power over you, or because you want
them to shut up and leave you alone. True surrender is voluntary.
You are offering yourself in service. Graceful surrender is an act of
love.
In practice, the difference between graceful surrender and

appeasement will take some discernment. You may still be feeling
reactive or upset towards the other person; but, ideally, your
surrender should give you some inner peace and serenity. You will
feel a sense of power and self-nurturing in the choice to surrender.
One of the most important acts of surrender that you can do has
already been described: it is “finding people right”. It is quite ironic
that finding people right is actually one of the toughest forms of
surrender: ironic because it costs us nothing but our pride, the
recognition that other people’s truth is just as valid to them, as our
truth is to us; and hence our judgment of them as wrong has no
reality to it. Often we are more attached to “being right” than we
are attached to our money, our health, or even our life.

57
Conclusion
Practicing these principles will give you a leg-up in all of your
human relationships, and also make you a happier person. Formal
Circling groups are a (relatively) safe space in which to practice the
skills of connection.
And this is why I am so excited to share this with you all! I have
found few places outside of Circling where I can meet, to such a
degree, the range and depth of those brilliant, loveable,
extraordinary, sometimes infuriating but ultimately constantly
entertaining creatures: my fellow human beings.
It is true: we do “discover ourselves through the eyes of others”.

CHAPTER 4: CIRCLING PERSPECTIVES AND
ADVANCED PRACTICES
“Trust that people move towards wholeness, and we just
have to follow” – Alexis Shepperd
“You don’t have to get what you want if you can express
what you want” – Strephon Kaplan-Williams
The previous chapter might be called “Baseline Circling” – shared

context or values which most people in circling (maybe not all!) will
generally agree with. But there is so much more, both from a
practice viewpoint (obviously), and a theoretical viewpoint.
This chapter is intended to explore a few of these topics.
Circling, Integral Theory, and the AQAL

model
Circling did not begin as an outgrowth of Ken Wilber’s integral
world-view, which includes the AQAL (All Quadrants / All Levels)
theory of human development. However, it is a perfect fit, and
has been embraced by many integral communities, particularly the
Boulder Integral Center in which Circling is the leading modality
being taught. Circling is actually even better than a “fit” with
integral theory, it is a practical and powerful extension of it, a way
to live a life more inspired by the integral model, and also a direct
response to the criticisms that have been levied on the integral
community for being overly intellectual and dissociated (“heads on
sticks”).
To summarize Wilber’s integral theory is beyond the scope of this
book (See the article The Integral Worldview on the Boulder
Integral website for a short summary). But in an effort to explain
why the integral community has adopted Circling with such
enthusiasm, I will say the following.
The essence of the integral world-view is that all human experiences
and ways of seeing the world have a “time and place”, a

59
developmental function. There is no such thing as a universal
human value system or “optimal” developmental theory or right /
wrong ways of being. Human history can be considered a
progression from early world-views into more mature or complex or
“integral” world-views (this is the theory of Spiral Dynamics, so-
called “Green meme” which is allegedly our leading cultural world-
view in the West, leading up to the “Mauve” or integral stages of
development to which we are heading); however all of these world-
views continue to have validity and applicability in certain
conditions. As such, we “jump” to higher levels of development not
by excluding or making-wrong where we are now or where we were
at before, but by including it. This is called “Include and
transcend”.
How is this applicable to Circling? Because it is at the very
foundation of Circling that people are the way they are for a reason,
that all of us carry a piece of the puzzle, and that if we want to
evolve to higher levels of social organization, of deeper caring for
ourselves and for the world, we have to understand and include
multiple perspectives, even perspectives that seem divergent to our
core beliefs or just wrong (for instance, the perspective that either
terrorists or Americans should be killed, depending on who you
ask).
The ability to carry multiple simultaneous perspectives, the idea
that “in relationship everyone is right”, is central to the practice of
Circling. I would argue that Circling is not just an extension of
integral theory, it is a way to make it real and take it into the world.
Circling is the most exciting thing that has happened to integral
theory since its invention. Circling has moved integral theory from
the position of being merely a “good idea” of uncertain applicability
to world problems and even early errors and hubris (Google Mark
Manson’s article The Rise And Fall of Ken Wilber for an
entertaining account of the early days of integral theory), into the
position of being one of the best hopes that we have for our
individual and collective healing and transformation. And the very
process of how two highly disparate modalities can come together
and join into a larger system, precisely models the change that

many of us want to see, and also models integral theory itself at its
best.
Surrendered Leadership and “We space”

Surrendered Leadership (SL) is the modality created at Circling
Europe and used in the Avalon Community (see below). Some
people think of SL as an “extension” of circling, while others think
of it as a different modality, albeit one that uses Circling principles.
Circling Europe certifies both Circling leaders and SL leaders.
The practice of SL involves being willing to stay in a state of not-
knowing while taking total responsibility for yourself and your
world. It is being willing to fully meet and embrace whatever
experience you are currently having, attempting to respond from
your heart. This creates an opening and a nourishing for other
people to step in and be met by you.
Circling Europe describes SL as: an invitation into a form of co-
created space where everyone is invited and challenged to step into
their highest response-abilities and leadership, a place where
people are totally free and trusted. It fosters an agile collective
intelligence that absorbs the key knowledge and discernment from
the group and that acts in perfect balance with what comes up and
what is needed. It’s a leadership that weaves together the multiple
perspectives that are arising and draws out the truth and beauty at
the heart of each expression. It involves a radical letting go and
trust that calls forth our inspiration and creativity and opens us to
the mystery and natural flow of what ‘wants’ to happen between us.
SL is a deep and powerful practice. It also has significant
implications for social change leadership. To quote Alanja Forsberg
(Avalon Dharma) in her video Surrendered Leadership - A Whole
New Paradigm of Leading Groups, Teams and Organisations, the
world that we are moving into will need to be co-created by us
based on moment-to-moment experience, rather than an external
plan or form. Thus, to become effective leaders of the future, we
must let go of ideas of how things should be, and focus instead on
fully showing-up to what is present.

61
The controversy surrounding Surrendered Leadership has less to do
with the philosophy than the way it is practiced. All schools of
circling agree about surrendering to what is present. Thus, all
circling leaders practice some form of “surrendered leadership”.
The difference is that in Circling-Europe inspired circles (SL
circles), surrender is taken a step deeper, to where the facilitator
may choose to no longer hold the group space as a specific structure
or container. Thus, in an SL circle, there may be simultaneous
multiple conversations going on in the large group, sub-groups may
form spontaneously (even while you are talking!), people may
express loud emotion or physicality, etc. It can look like total chaos.
(Note that this style of Circling doesn’t happen – or at least not
much – on the CircleAnywhere online platform. CA groups are very
much like any other Circling group).
SL circles don’t necessarily hold that “Yin trumps Yang”. They
believe that the right mix of Yin and Yang should be sought. SL
circles have a (proportionately) higher value on “aliveness” (even if
it looks chaotic) and less on “safety” than the style of Circling
practiced in other schools.
The basic idea of SL is similar to the idea of “We space”, an idea
present in the Integral community for some time. “We space”
practices are part of Bohm Dialogue (David Bohm), Peter Block’s “a
small group” (see his book Community: the Structure of Belonging),
and there is a very active community called Evolutionary Collective
(Patricia Albere, see below).
Circling in Business
Some of the world’s top Circling leaders make most of their income
through business consulting, rather than teaching Circling directly.
Decker Cunov, co-founder of the Circling movement, is currently
leading the charge here. Decker has a lucrative consulting practice
in which he “circles” entrepreneurs, mostly Bay-area startups, and
is starting to offer training in this particular modality, which is like
a combination between Circling and business consulting.

Circling in business is distinct from running formal circles in a quite
fundamental way, because business people and entrepreneurs won’t
necessarily be coming in with “connection intent” (it’s the financial
and relational bottom-line that preoccupies them), and it is also
unlikely that they want to be educated in complex human
developmental models. Thus, successfully providing business
consulting services based on integral models (that include Circling)
has been challenging. Decker’s success in this sphere is very
promising for the movement. Decker has very recently (August
2017) started teaching his business circling practice in a virtual
course called “C1” (for “Consulting 101”).
Business Circling has some overlap with Guerrilla Circling. In both
cases, the leader or consultant will practices circling principles
without declaring what they are doing and without any a-priori or
explicit agreement. These principles include “getting their world”,
connection intent, vulnerable sharing, accurate and
compassionately-delivered reflections, etc. What is different
between Business Circling and Guerrilla Circling, is that in business
circling there is an assumption that the “client” (circlee) will be
interested in connection intent (loving and being loved) only to the
extent that it serves their business purpose, for instance in creating
greater alignment with their team and more powerful collaboration,
or else in enlarging perspectives and surfacing blind spots.
Whereas in Guerrilla Circling our assumption is that everyone
simply wants to love and be loved, period, while acknowledging that
this assumption may not be true in this moment.
Because of the lack of an explicit context (statement of shared
values), I imagine that business circling would be quite difficult,
more difficult than “formal” circling. This may be the reason that
Circling still has very little penetration in business, despite the
potential that many of us see there.
The truth, however, is that Circling has little penetration anywhere
right now in terms of real-world problems. This is still cutting-edge
work that a lot of us, including myself, are exploring.

63
The Yin and Yang of Circling: Connection
Intent versus Developmental Intent
There exists an inescapable tension within Circling, and perhaps
within all human relationships, between being non-judgmentally
open and accepting to whatever is arising (the so-called “relational
meditation”), and being invested or attached to certain outcomes
(such as feeling a sense of connection, having a transformative
conversation, or just having fun). I call this “connection intent
versus developmental intent”. Bryan Bayer (and others) call this
“the Yin and the Yang of circling”. Navigating this tension correctly
is the essence of good circling.
Bryan Bayer has a model (in The Art of Circling) which I will draw
from for the rest of this section. According to Bryan:
• The Yin of Circling (feminine aspect) is the more inclusive,
embracing aspect of Circling – noticing, feeling and receiving
the moment as it unfolds, with “nowhere to get to but more
here”. This might be the aspect of circling that primarily
values “connection”.
• The Yang of Circling (masculine aspect) is the more
transcendent, active, directive and challenging – it asks
penetrating questions, expresses desires, exposes patterns,
seeks to achieve closure or else transformative or
illuminating outcomes. This is the aspect of circling that
primarily values “truth”
Bryan has a table comparing the type of processes or inquiries that
each attitude will generate, and I will not repeat it here; only to say
that “Yin” might include: noticing what’s present, opening up to
and feeling and embracing another’s experience; while “Yang”
might be more interested in naming what is missing (the
possibility of having a deeper experience or discovering more
truth), drilling in, stepping outside of patterns, enlarging
perspective. These opposing and yet highly complementary
attitudes might be summarized by “I get you and I am here for
you” [Yin], versus “Here is what you are missing and how it
could be better” [Yang].

The fundamental rule in circling is that Yin trumps Yang. I have
stated this already when speaking about “connection intent”.
Connection is achieved primarily through Yin practices, while
excessive Yang practices (such as challenging feedback that is not
coming from a place of empathy and understanding) will destroy
connection. However, if we only do Yin practices such as empathy
and appreciation, while withholding our truth that we are (perhaps)
bored or feeling angry, then the group will be flat and generally
unsatisfactory, or worse (because when we withhold our true
feelings out of fear, or obligation to be “nice”, they often come out
sideways and destructively later).
As always, there is no universal formula for navigating these waters.
There are also some organizational preferences, with some circling
schools (Integral-style circling) more focused on structure and
group safety, while others (Circling Europe and Surrendered
Leadership) being more willing to break the structure even at the
risk of creating un-safety. A group that is too Yin (no structure) can
occur as going nowhere and possibly even abusive (since lack of
guidelines means that people can dump their shit on you), whereas
a group that is too Yang (overly structured) can occur as awkward,
over-led and disconnected. To note, however, that all schools of
circling would agree that “Yin trumps Yang”, so it’s more a question
of the degree of intention that leaders put into one or the other
dimensions of circling. Some schools (Circling Europe in
particular) are more willing to “push the envelope” in the Yin/Yang
balance.
Topical Circling
“Topical Circling” is a variation of a regular circle in which we bring
in more developmental intent.
It may seem that Circling is antithetical to anything that would look
like goal-orientation. My experience however is the opposite, which
is that in a strong circle, a circle in which everyone is aware of and is
practicing circling principles to the best of their ability,
development happens, sometimes extremely rapidly, and from
there goals get accomplished.

65
The distinction between a “regular” (“relational meditation”) circle
and a topical circle, is that in a topical circle we hold the container
more loosely. Advice and coaching are permissible (provided they
are wanted), but we maintain a strong focus on the relational space
and return to Yin practices if tension surfaces or if the conversation
become too abstract or excessively content-focused, as in regular
Circling.
Topical Circling might be considered a mix between “regular”
circling (“relational meditation”, no agenda except to be fully
present to what is emerging) and a Mastermind group (Mastermind
is a popular group structure, first mentioned in Napoleon Hill’s
classic Think and Grow Rich).

CHAPTER 5: COMPLEMENTARY
MODALITIES
"We can choose to make the success of all humanity our
personal business. We can choose to be audacious enough
to take responsibility for the entire human family. We can
choose to make our love for the World what our lives are
really about. Each of us now has the opportunity, the
privilege to make a difference in creating a World that
works for all of us. It will require courage, audacity and
heart. It is much more radical than a revolution, it is the
beginning of a transformation in the quality of life on our
planet. You have the power to fire a shot heard around
the World.” – Werner Erhard
Circling and Authentic Relating practices have applicability to many

fields, including business leadership and entrepreneurship,
sexuality, trauma recovery, therapy and mental health, social
change leadership, the intentional community and eco-village
movement, and more. This chapter lists a few other communities
and movements that overlap with circling.
Non-Violent Communication
NVC is a large and very popular movement, much better known
than Circling and also (unlike Circling) with a lot of printed training
resources, including Marshall Rosenberg’s book Nonviolent
Communication: A Language of Life, which has been translated into
over 30 languages. NVC is also much older than Circling, since
Marshall started his work in the 1960s, almost 40 years before
Circling started. Marshall died in 2015, but his work continues in at
least 60 countries, including many developing countries where
circling has very little penetration, if at all. NVC is a fantastic
resource for anyone interested in A/R and social change. In many
ways, NVC is the “original” Authentic Relating model.
Circling and NVC practice groups are not vastly different. Both
focus on empathy and connection. The place where Circling goes
beyond NVC (and hence Circling might be considered “next

67
generation NVC”), is in the use of impact statements and
reflections, with (perhaps) a greater focus on the relational space
and less focus on “techniques”. The upside of Circling over NVC, is
that circling can be, potentially, more exciting, deeper, and faster-
paced; while the downside is that circling can devolve into a shit-
storm, whereas in NVC there are “rules” and guidelines relating to
responsible communication of our feelings. The idea of responsible
communication is not necessarily a shared context (agreement) in
circling, and because of this I have witnessed extremely
inappropriate communications in circling groups (one can hope
that circling is evolving and that this is happening less now).
Lastly, in terms of my compare-and-contrast of Circling and NVC,
the online circling communities are very active, where in NVC most
of the groups are happening on-the-ground.
Understanding Marshall Rosenberg’s work, and particularly around
the central function of feelings and needs, is key to effective
communication, and hence to Circling skillfully. At core, NVC
provides a framework and communication model for evoking,
expressing and fulfilling human needs, and particularly needs for
closeness, trust, authenticity and vulnerability.
The concept of “needs” is central to NVC. In NVC, any expression
of need (provided it does not come with an unspoken judgment or
demand) is considered a gift, as it gives another person an
opportunity to contribute to you and hence make life more
wonderful for both of you. (The idea of “making life more
wonderful” is also core to NVC: our central desire, according to
Marshall, being to “contribute to life”).
As you become more skillful in NVC, you acquire the ability to listen
for and reply empathically to the feelings and needs that underlie
all human communications – even those communications that are
initially expressed as judgments and demands. It is a powerful skill
that can enable you to navigate successfully even the most
emotionally charged and confrontational of human interactions.
The NVC concept of “needs as a gift” is revolutionary, because it is a
direct contradiction to Western cultural conditioning. Most of us
learn as children that needs are bad. “Needs” make us dependent

on other people, vulnerable, “needy”, shameful. Much better, our
culture tells us, to ride solo into the sunset, masters of our own
destiny, alone and above the crowd and on top of every situation.
This may have been a good idea at one time, but it doesn’t work
anymore, not even for doing business, let alone in interpersonal
relationships. In the complex and inter-related world that we live
in, our true strength and power lies through connection and
vulnerability. This has been confirmed in work-place studies by
Google.
As such, NVC might be considered a precursor of Circling as it
shares many of the same values and beliefs. NVC is an art form,
like Circling and meditation, in which you can spend an entire life
deepening your practice.
Authentic Man Program and Authentic

Woman Experience
The Authentic Man Program (AMP) and Authentic Woman
Experience (AWE) are (among other things) extensions of Circling
practices into the area of dating and sexual / romantic partnership.
What this means is that both programs attempt to bring greater
love, authenticity and connection into romantic partnerships – an
area of life which carries deep negative social conditioning and in
which many of us are very troubled, hopeless and confused. This is
an area of keen interest of mine and the topic of my first book, As
Lovers Do: Sexual and Romantic Partnership as a Path of
Transformation. The application of Circling and A/R connection
practices to sexual relationships is very powerful, but also (like
Circling for business) relatively new and cutting-edge.
AMP runs at Boulder Integral Center a few times a year and is led
by Decker Cunov and team, while AWE runs in the Bay Area and is
led by Alexis Shepperd and Shana James. They are both excellent
programs. You can find more information on the respective
websites.

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The Avalon Community
The Avalon Community is a quite recent (founded by Alanja
Forsberg in 2015) extension of Circling into related modalities that
include psycho-drama and some form of somatic experiencing, i.e.
body-centered processing and working through early trauma
experiences, which would include physical touch. Their flagship
offer is a retreat called “Avalon” that is 6-day, deep dive into
community and, if needed, the trauma that many of us carry.
The fact of early, somatic-based trauma is, as of this year (2017)
rapidly gaining weight in the circling community. There are
important conversations happening, partly based of many people’s
experience that circling doesn’t actually work for recovering from
early trauma (or if it does, it is too slow). There are a number of
hypotheses being offered there, one being that physical touch is
essential (and is not something that normally happens during
Circling, and not at all for online circling), and the second idea
being that since Circling is primarily a verbal process, and since
“the wounds received from relationship can only be healed in
relationship”, then attempting to recover from traumas inflicted at
a pre-verbal age through a verbal process such as Circling may not
work. As such, in an Avalon retreat, a skilled facilitator will work
with a circlee, but not assume that the circlee is at a verbal age or
can fully identify or express feelings, thoughts and needs. Rather,
the facilitator might attempt to get into the “child’s” world by asking
questions such as: how old are you? Are you angry, are you sad?
Do you know what you want? Do you want me to come closer?
Etc.
I find what is currently going on in the Avalon Community intensely
exciting, almost like “next-generation circling”.
For more information about Avalon, look them up on Facebook
under “Avalon Community” and check the website
www.AvalonDharma.com

Circling, Mental Health / Addiction
Recovery, and Functional Medicine
Circling has enormous applicability for mental health and addiction
recovery, and especially in combination with a new type of
treatment for mood disorders (and many other psychiatric
diagnoses) called Functional Medicine.
One of the best-known proponents of Functional Medicine for the
treatment of mood disorders is Kelly Brogan in her recent book,
A Mind of Your Own. Kelly Brogan is a crusader for more holistic
treatment of all so-called “mental health” issues, recommending
diet and lifestyle changes over psychiatric medication (especially
anti-depressants) as being both way more effective and safer. She
has an active psychiatric practice in New York City, and is a popular
blogger and “anti-pharma activist”.
My partners and I are currently prototyping programs that would
unite Circling, Functional Medicine, and a concept that we are
calling “Cooking Collectives”. The idea of a Cooking Collective is
that each person in a group cooks for the others once in the cycle.
So for instance a group of 5 people might agree to cook for each
other at their own houses every week-day. Each person would cook
once and eat 5 meals, which provides (potentially) greater quality of
nutrition, economies of time and money, and community. This
works best when the people in the group live close to each other
(something like a community kitchen) and of course they must
agree on the diet.
Circling is potentially a powerful complement to a diet- and
lifestyle-based recovery program as it helps people to get into
connection with each other and to form a true supportive /
transformational community. We are looking for trained circling
facilitators to run pilot programs, and are also exploring online
circling in combination with Functional Medicine.
For more information review the website
www.RelationalNutrition.com

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Self-Circling, Circling Europe style
While this is not part of any official circling curriculum, Circling can
be done with yourself, as an internal conversation. Daniel Tenner
explains this modality:
“The way I do it, self-circling involves simply reflecting on what’s
happening as if there was someone in connection with me helping
me explore it and probe it. Like, I might notice I feel angry. “Where
is this anger? How does it feel? Is it moving?” someone might ask...
so I can ask myself that too.
As I stay with the anger and observe it, I might start to discern, as
I would if I was being circled, “oh, there’s some pain or some fear
underneath there...”
To which someone circling me would naturally respond by
enquiring into that pain or that fear... so as I self-circle I will do
just that... stay with the fear, discomfort, or whatever it is, hold
space for it, and let it be seen for what it is, by me at least. This is
less powerful than doing this with someone else - there’s something
about the Other that naturally makes this process better - but it
can still lead to interesting place.
So then as I stay with that, say, fear, I might notice that a certain
image is coming up in connection to that fear. I can then explore
that image. What feelings are connected to it? What else is arising
with it?
I keep digging until I decide to stop. At that point, I’ve usually
already unpacked a whole lot of stuff and moved from reactive
anger to much more self-understanding and, often, other-
understanding (since often that anger might be in reaction to
something outside of me, initially - or at least it feels that way).
Mostly self-circling relies on the commitment to connection with
myself: being willing to stay with feelings that I’d normally want
to push away or distract myself from or project onto others, to
accept them, to listen to them, let them be seen and experienced
fully. I think one of the most miraculous aspects of Circling is what
happens when you start to do that, instead of reflexively moving
away from unpleasant stuff and trying to pretend it doesn’t exist.

Initially, you definitely need others to help hold space for this stuff.
And, surely, I still need others to hold space for the stuff which is
still too big for me to accept (and that stuff always exists
somewhere I guess). But there’s a lot of situations in life where I
can circle myself in this way and achieve a lot of the benefits of
being circled by someone else, but do it inside my head, so that by
the time I communicate with the other person, what might come
out is: “Wow, when you said that I got really angry. I stayed with
that a bit and realized that it’s because I’m afraid that you might
<xyz>. Then I thought about what you said and I realize that
you’ve already said that you wouldn’t <xyz>. I guess I’ve not
gotten over that fear of <xyz> yet. What do you think about this?”
Which opens the space for a much better conversation than “wtf!
Why are you doing this?”
In a sense we all do this while circling anyway - it’s the bit that
goes on in our self while we’re silent, the reflection on “what is it
that I’m actually feeling right now, authentically? What do I
actually want to say?” - except that in this approach, you can just
keep doing that by yourself without interacting with anyone until
you feel satisfied with where you’re at”.
Self-Circling, IFS / IRF style

Self-circling is very complementary and a powerful addition to a
popular therapy modality called Internal Family Systems
(IFS). The approach I am about to describe is partly derived from
a similar (and very powerful) modality called Inner Relationship
Focusing (IRF), created by Ann Weiser Cornell; and is also
related to a practice called Voice Dialogue (Hal and Sidra Stone),
and to Big Mind (Genpo Roshi)
IFS posits that our psyches are composed of multiple "sub-
personalities" who are often at war with each other, engaging in
continuous conflict (and sometimes abuse) which lessens our
effectiveness by filling our heads with arguments that never get
resolved, and taking attention away from creative and constructive
solutions and actions.

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The solution to this problem is to "circle" your sub-personalities.
The "leader" of this circle is, ideally, the "Self", or higher personality
(integrating force) within the IFS model. There are various ways of
doing this. You can journal in each of the sub-personalities voices.
You can also do a "family meeting". I like to record my family
meetings into a Digital Voice Recorder which is set on voice-
activation, so I can just lie in bed relaxing and dream-up internal
conversations that get recorded, and which I can listen to
afterwards for relaxation or inspiration. This practice is also
inspired by Shakti Gawain's book Creative Visualization, with the
difference that in self-circling we are not exactly giving affirmations
(although that too), we are trying to surface and lovingly resolve
tensions in the inner family dynamic.
If you are doing voice dialogue and you have direct access to the
sub-personality’s voice, you should name that voice on the
recording (i.e. "Teenager says: fuck you, Marco"), and then get
impact statements from Self or other sub-personalities. If you don't
have direct access to sub-personality voices (i.e. they communicate
with you through feelings or images), then let "Self" speak for them
and provide empathy, as best you can discern.
It might go something like this (I like to interject a little humor into
the proceedings): "Hello dear ones, this is your captain speaking
on March 30. So, I hear some of you are pretty stressed out, and
Pauline in particular is quite upset right now. I have this
uncomfortable feeling in the pit of my stomach about this, and I
am not sure why...". And so forth. Try not to make anybody wrong,
and when speaking as Self, position yourself as the moderator /
facilitator of a circle, not the dictator of you ☺. In other words try
to speak for all voices, especially the silent voices (known in IFS as
"exiles") and the reactive voices (known in IFS as “protectors”).
It can be quite helpful to give sub-personalities names. The first
week I did this was quite exhilarating because every day a new sub-
personality would emerge and get named. Naming sub-
personalities is very fun, it's like a party in which every day a new
arrival.

A good book to read on IFS is Jay Early's Self-Therapy: A Step-By-
Step Guide to Creating Wholeness and Healing Your Inner Child
Using IFS, A New, Cutting-Edge Psychotherapy.
Inner-Relationship Focusing (Ann Weiser

Cornell)
Inner Relationship Focusing is a powerful self-healing practice,
developed by Ann Weiser Cornell and Barbara McGavin in the early
90’s. It evolved out of, and is an extension of Eugene
Gendlin’s Focusing. Gendlin’s Focusing is a simple, guided 6-step
process for accessing and gaining discernment into felt-experience,
and from there clearing emotional conflicts. I learned Gendlin’s
Focusing as a partner exercise and found it very valuable, especially
since you can teach it to anyone, even a stranger, in just a few
minutes (ideally however, about 10 minutes). I find Ann Weiser
Cornell’s work even more powerful, however, in part because it
extends Gendlin’s work through linguistics (NLP?), and in part
because it can be done alone or as a meditation. I am also very
excited to be experimenting with this practice for myself because it
has some very striking similarities to Circling, and it appears to be
solving some developmental issues of mine for which Circling has
not really worked.
For more information see my article Inner Relationship Focusing
and Circling at: http://circlingguide.com/2018/01/inner-
relationship-focusing-circling/
Withholds, Victor Baranco style

“Withholds” are an extremely powerful communication practice,
which is unfortunately not well known, and even when known is it
is often misunderstood and used incorrectly, sometimes in a bad
way. Withholds are not a part of the “official” Circling curriculum,
but they are taught in Boulder. The Boulder Integral style of
withholds is given below. The style I learned is from Victor
Baranco. I am including it here because I think it is so powerful.

75
The goal of a withhold is to share a thought or an emotion, positive
or negative, in a way that expressly and by agreement of both sides
is not taking ownership of the feeling or experience, and hence
carries an explicit request to not take it too seriously. In other
words, when I say something to another person as a Withhold, for
instance “I think you are lazy”, I am explicitly declaring that what I
am about to say may have no bearing on the truth, and may not
even be my own full experience, just a part of it. In essence I am
sharing a thought, feeling or judgment towards another person with
the explicit purpose of clearing the judgment or negative feeling and
returning to a place of openness and acceptance towards them.
Sharing the withhold is an attempt for me to let go of a distressing
experience I am having with someone by voicing it. The other
person might, if they are wise, consider the truth of my withhold
and act on it (i.e. become less lazy), or not. Expressing a withhold is
in no way making a demand on another person or making them
wrong.
The power of withholds is that they can be a very rapid and
(relatively) painless way of surfacing and then clearing tension,
judgments and negative feelings in a relationship. If we don’t voice
the withhold, it will likely sit at the back of our mind, taking up too
much of our attention and preventing us from getting into full
contact or presence with the other person. Alternatively to giving
the withhold, I could try and discern my true feelings and make a
responsible communication, one that would own the judgment, as
already discussed (i.e. rather than “you are lazy”, I would use
correct NVC and say “when you don’t follow-up on what you
agreed to do I feel angry and let down by you”). However it
sometimes takes a long time to get the degree of emotional clarity
that it takes to make a responsible communication, and so
(especially) with a person we love and trust, and who knows our
feelings toward them, it can be more expedient to just give the
withhold.
Giving a withhold is not usually a request to have a conversation or
begin a negotiation with another person on an issue I am having
with them. Rather, when used as originally designed, a withhold is
a complete expression whose purpose is for me let go of a

distressing emotion without requiring any response or input from
the other person. However, a withhold may be used to begin a
negotiation, i.e. as a request for collaboration around a distressing
experience I am having in relationship with someone. Withholds
when used in this way are a deeply integral (collaborative) practice,
because the two of us together might work it out much faster and
more pleasurably than me trying to do it alone. When used in this
way, you will probably want to announce your intention in your
withhold, as described below. Alternatively, you can agree with your
partner to begin a negotiation by first clearing withholds. It is likely
that the negotiation will go a lot faster and smoother if you do this.
It is even possible that the process of mutually giving withholds will
entirely clear the tension and there will be no need for anything
more.
Practically speaking, there is a very precise structure

for delivering withholds:
First, you can only do it with a person who understands the
structure (since otherwise they would think that you actually
believe that what you are saying about them is “true”, and get
defensive or reactive), and secondly, it must be done with
permission. Asking for permission is tantamount to the difference
between performing an act of love (communicating my distress with
someone with an intention to clear it) and abusing them.
As such it is very important to use the following structure. You can

improvise on this a little bit, by mutual agreement, but not much, if
you want to be successful.
• First, say “I have a withhold, will you hear it”? If they
don’t know your meaning for “withhold”, you will have to
explain the structure to them another time, and deliver this
particular communication differently. Also if they don’t want
to hear your withhold in the moment, you need to honor
that.
• If they agree, you would deliver your withhold, “You are
lazy”, or whatever. It doesn’t have to be a big deal, and it
can also be an appreciation or a joke, a way to clear or make
light of what you perceive as their internal make-wrong, or to
own and make fun of a make-wrong that you have toward

77
them. This last use of withholds resembles what is called a
“Hex”. A “hex” is something like a joke with a little “punch”
to it, a grain of truth.
• The other person should respond with a simple “Thank
you”. This completes the cycle and you move on to other
topics.
• Withholds should not be directly responded to. This is
important and reflects the shared context that delivering a
withhold does not represent any kind of “truth” (except,
perhaps, a transient emotional truth in the person giving the
withhold), and that the act of giving the withhold is a
complete expression, not a demand the other person change
• However, the other person may, if they wish, either respond
to a withhold with another withhold, or else ask if it’s okay to
have a conversation about your withhold. For instance: my
response to the “you are lazy” withhold could be either to ask
if you would be willing to talk about it (in case I absolutely
needed to work it out with you), or else (better) to counter-
withhold with an apology or even a joke (“Thank you. I
have a counter-withhold, will you hear it? Yes I
know I am lazy. You should fire me”)
• An alternative structure is called “pulling withholds”. Each
person goes on until they are done delivering all their
withholds, and then you switch roles. As mentioned above,
this can be a very powerful way to begin a negotiation on a
sensitive topic, and also can be a lot of fun – provided you
trust and enjoy the other person.
This is the essence of Withholds. There is a more detailed

description and examples of both Withholds and Hexes in my book,
As Lovers Do.
Withholds, Boulder Integral style

(Post copied from a Facebook comment by Josh Levin).
1. Check your intention in wanting to share your withhold. Can

you find a sincere desire to benefit the other person (in
addition to yourself) and/or your connection with them? If
so, proceed to step 2. If what's more true for you is that
you're full of judgment/criticism/vengeance, etc, then it's not

yet time to bring your withhold. Instead, it's time for a
venting session--with a trusted 3rd person, with your
journal, or thru any other way you move energy/emotion.
2. Tell the person you have a withhold and tell them your
“Why” for sharing it. A typical default “Why” is to get back
into connection with them.
3. Ask if they are interested and available to hear it.
4. Once you get the green light, begin with this simple
template:
When you/we [name specific objective moment or

experience], I felt/thought/experienced […], and what I
would've liked/would like in the future is […].
5. Ask them to reflect back what they heard.
6. Ask them for impact from what you revealed.
7. Make any agreements that are relevant to moving forward in

connection.
8. Share appreciation for doing this together.
Network For a New Culture and ZEGG

Network For a New Culture (NFNC) is a North American group
inspired by the German community ZEGG.
ZEGG (which is a German acronym for “Center for Experimental
Cultural Design”) is an eco-village and conference center near
Berlin, founded in 1991. ZEGG was originally inspired by a famous
3-year German community experiment called "Bauhütte", started in
1978 and conducted by Dieter Duhm and associates. Dieter Duhm
later left ZEGG and founded the Tamera eco-village in Portugal.
ZEGG is a pioneer community practicing radical authenticity, with
a particular focus on the liberation of sex and love. As such, it can

79
be seen as an “intellectual parent” to the Circling movement,
although there is no causal connection or even association at the
moment between the two movements. The ZEGG community has
developed practices and tools for personal expression and trust
building in large groups, coming from a commitment to non-
violence and to creating a more humane and loving eco-system.
Their primary community-building process is called the ZEGG
Forum.
The ZEGG Forum process, along with related ideas, expanded to
North America as the Network for a New Culture, and has been
wildly successful here with 5 different connected groups, one on the
East Coast and four on the West Coast.
NFNC seeks to build a sustainable, violence-free culture through
exploring intimacy, personal growth, transparency, radical honesty,
equality, compassion, sexual freedom, and the power of community.
NFNC believes that one of the keys to stopping the destruction of
the planet is to return to the heart. They aspire to create a world
where we can all be free to come from our hearts, thereby changing
the culture from the inside out. NFNC facilitates events and
programs designed to help heal the wounds between men and
women, between men and men, women and women, the individual
and the community, and between the community and the Earth.
This effort is currently pursued primarily via retreats and
workshops during the year, the most significant being annual
Summer Camps where what occurs is as experimental as the culture
we are trying to build. At these events, there is always a clear
emphasis on freedom of choice and full support of any decisions
made. In other words, each individual is "at choice" to explore or
not according to their own comfort level within parameters of
communication designed to create "win-win" results.
NFNC events provide exciting ways to integrate new thoughts, build
new relationships and get a feel for community living within a safe
and stimulating atmosphere of creativity and fun. These events are
designed to move participants from the conceptual directly into the
experiential.

There is a great deal of overlap between the goals and practices of
NFNC and Circling. They are both wonderful communities and I
would like to see more interplay between the two.
Somatic Experiencing and Hakomi

Somatic Experiencing (SE) is a form of alternative therapy
aimed at relieving the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD) and other mental and physical trauma-related health
problems by focusing on the client's perceived body sensations (or
somatic experiences). It was created by trauma therapist Peter A.
Levine. A very good book to read on the topic of trauma is Bessel
van der Kolk’s The Body Keeps the Score.
Another therapy modality that focusses specifically on trauma
recovery is the Hakomi Method, which is a form of mindfulness-
centered somatic psychotherapy developed by Ron Kurtz in the
1970s.
Both SE and Hakomi share the belief that trauma experiences that
occur either in childhood or as adults lodge in the body, and so long
as they remain unconscious, will affect our behavior and create all
kinds of problems with our health, life-coping strategies, and
relationships.
As discussed above in my report on the Avalon Community, trauma
recovery is currently a hot topic in Circling as many people don’t
believe that Circling is effective for recovery from trauma
experiences, and can even be damaging, by the simple fact that
Circling is by its nature a peer-led movement, and so leaders and
participants may lack knowledge or expertise in dealing effectively
with people carrying deep trauma, and may re-trigger the circlee
unawarely. This actually occurs quite frequently. As such there are
situations where a somatic-based therapy modality may be very
helpful, either as a substitute for circling or as an addition. Circling
does have the capacity to provide a peer environment meeting
contact needs, a social support network such as no therapy modality
could ever provide (it would cost too much, to begin), and as such I

81
would recommend both Circling and therapy for people dealing
with trauma experiences.
Adult Attachment Theory

Circling can be very powerful in contributing to an already
established way of thinking about relationships called Adult
Attachment Theory. Adult Attachment Theory is a branch of
psychology that says that the early experiences between parent and
child create working models of relationships that, without
reflection, an adult will carry with them for their entire lives.
Marenka Cerny, who is a somatic psychotherapist practicing
Circling for a few years with Guy Sengstock, recognized that the
substantial benefits of immersion in Circling are in many ways the
same as when someone is, what is known as, “securely attached”.
In her article, A New Development in Psychology: Adult Secure
Attachment and Circling, Marenka points to the significant
distinctions between secure and insecure attachment. She wrote,
“adults who are insecurely attached will frequently exhibit recurring
negative behaviors in relationship: the tendencies to avoid other
people, to be critical, controlling, insensitive, readily show anger
and fear, and, to deny one’s own needs. Basically, an adult with
insecure attachment will frequently either not clearly recognize
their own needs, or the other person’s, or both.” By contrast,
“securely attached adults have a greater capacity to trust others,
tolerate conflict, and exercise discernment when forming new
bonds. They are empathetic, and know how to set and sustain
appropriate boundaries as they cultivate meaningful connections
with others.”
Marenka has been working to articulate the connection between
Circling and Adult Attachment Theory, and she is currently working
on her third essay on the topic. She has proposed that “Circling
creates the conditions to experience what secure attachment feels
like even before attachment wounds are healed,” sometimes even
the first time a person circles. For anyone interested in this thesis,
Marenka has an important caveat: “Circling by itself does not
develop secure attachment, nothing creates secure attachment

without a person’s intention to heal their attachment wounds.” But,
she also suggests, “since Circling generates the feelings and
mindstate of secure attachment with peers — by engendering the
emotional and psychological clarity between people that occurs in
securely attached relationships — then if one circles regularly,
perhaps in conjunction with psychotherapy,” it is possible that
“secure attachment can be expedited more efficiently than with
psychotherapy alone.”
For more information, Google the article: A New Development in
Psychology: Adult Secure Attachment and Circling by Mařenka
Cerny.
The Evolutionary Relationships Movement

(Patricia Albere)
There are many groups currently exploring the concept of
“evolutionary relationships". One of the basic ideas there is that we
have outgrown individual methods of spiritual growth, including
meditation, individual therapy, or body/mind practices such as
Yoga, and are being called to something else, a type of "mutual
awakening", or to “waking up together”.
One of the most active of these groups is the Evolutionary
Collective. To quote Patricia Albere, founder of this school:
"Millions of us, at this point, have done sufficient amounts of
personal spiritual work and individual development and are ready
to move to the next stage of awakening for humanity. Some have
called it a new stage of human evolution altogether, which is
moving from self-reflective, individual self-concern to an awareness
of self that is more fluid, interpenetrating, simultaneously aware of
self and other. We know that Unity consciousness is real, many of
us have had individual momentary experiences that have changed
our lives. It’s now time to enter into the experience of unity by
awakening and living it together. We can access unity and live not
only from a powerful sense of connectedness, but also, a
surprisingly increased experience of our uniqueness".

83
For more information, see www.EvolutionaryCollective.com, or
read Patricia's new book, Evolutionary Relationships.
Sociocracy
This chapter would not be complete without mentioning an
organizational governance model called Sociocracy, which is
deeply complementary to Circling, and has enormous applicability
and importance in the field of organizational development.
Sociocracy can be summarized as:
• A social ideal that values equality and the rights of people to
decide the conditions under which they live and work, and
• An effective method of organizing collaborative and
productive organizations as associations, businesses, and
governments, large and small.
In English-speaking countries, as a method of organization
sociocracy is often called dynamic governance, but around the
world is simply called sociocracy. Its founder called it the
Sociocratic Circle-Organization Method (SCM).
Sociocracy is a whole-systems approach to designing and leading
organizations. It is based on principles, methods, and a structure
that creates a resilient and coherent system. It uses transparency,
inclusiveness, and accountability to increase harmony,
effectiveness, and productivity. Sociocracy both enforces we-space
processes at the level of organization, and requires that individuals
understand and practice we-space principles in order for it to be
effective. As such it is highly complementary to Circling and
Surrendered Leadership practices.
Sociocracy is rapidly gaining adoption, especially in organizations
with a goal towards social change or conscious business. There are
many online and printed resources available, including
www.Sociocracy.info. Also check out We the People: Consenting to
a Deeper Democracy, by John A. Buck.

Other compatible modalities
In addition to the above, the following groups are pursuing research
and running programs that could be considered highly
complementary to Circling, and/or to evolutionary relationships:
• Saniel Bonder’s Waking Down in Mutuality
• Robert Augustus Masters To Be a Man, and other books
• Keith Witt, and Martin Ucik: Integral Relationships: A
Manual for Men
• Eivind Figenschau Skjellum’s Reclaim Your Inner Throne
• Pacific Integral’s Causal Leadership
• Diane Hamilton and Rob McNamara’s Integral Facilitator
Training
• Christian Pankhurst’s Heart IQ
• Thomas Hübl’s teachings on awakening in relationships
• Lonneke van Elburg
• Lynn Kreaden
• Lynne McTaggart The Power of 8

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CHAPTER 6: NEXT STEPS
"Enlightenment is when you realize that what was
planned was a party" -- Victor Baranco
So we get to the end of this book – Eureka! – and to the very

practical question: Okay, this is very cool. What next?
The first step, obviously, is to attend a circle or an Authentic
Relating (A/R) game night, ideally in your community, but online
works well as well. It is not necessary to be formally trained in
Circling in order to join a group and start to circle, however it is
always helpful to take an introduction to circling class. These are
offered regularly in many cities that have A/R communities, and
also online (especially on Circle Anywhere). Your best bet to find
such a class would be to consult the communities map at
www.authrev.com and from there write to the organizers of the
community where you reside, if you can find one.
It can take a little while to really “grok” the circling practice and
begin to be effective. When I say “effective”, I mean to the point
where you can actually express leadership in a circle (and
remember that everyone in a circle is potentially a leader, the way
to “leadership” is simply to practice good attention, empathy and
vulnerable sharing). Some people with little previous experience
can “drop in” immediately into the circling container and become
effective leaders right away. Others might take a few months or
longer. I was about 3-4 months circling before I could begin to say I
“got it” and I could, most of the time (not always!), express effective
leadership (this is slightly embarrassing to say, as I had previously
30 years of therapy and other developmental work before I started
circling, which included founding and running an intentional
community). Some people might take years to really “get” circling.
It’s not a “magic bullet” to love, community, and personality
integration. But regardless of whatever level you start at in terms of
emotional self-awareness, empathy, and presence, it is certain that
Circling is going to be a lifetime developmental journey. I don’t
believe that development would ever stop, in my case. It is truly an
“infinite game”.

As you would expect, your best access to high-level circling skills is
to actually circle with skilled facilitators, either on-the-ground in
your community or on the online platforms. Online circling is
surprisingly fun and effective, I have built lifetime friendships and
collaborators from it in a very short time, and I strongly
recommend it if you are serious about becoming a relational leader.
Good luck! Write to me your inspiring stories to
marc@CirclingGuide.com, and I may post them, with your
permission!
Facilitation of Circles, and Running Private

Circles
Once you start to feel effective in circling, most of the
time, I would strongly encourage you to start your own
groups, either in person or online. You don’t need a
certificate or years of training to do this. Of course training can
help, but you don’t actually need it, and particularly if you start
circling with your friends and business collaborators. All you really
need to circle effectively is to practice the basic principles as
outlined in this book, the core of which are curiosity, empathy,
appreciation, vulnerable sharing and “non-doing”. It’s not exactly
rocket-science, and there are not really any “experts” either, as even
the best of us get triggered sometimes and do or say stupid or
unskillful things.
There is no better developmental practice than running
your own groups – and especially with your friends, who might
be initially resistant to your leadership and want to relate to you in
old ways, ways that they have come to know you. Do not be
surprised or disappointed if this happens, it is inevitable and will
ultimately challenge you to even greater skill as a relational leader.
You can check the Leader Formats chapter for ideas and formats
for leading A/R Games and Circles.

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Please join the Circling Guide community!
You may join our community at www.CirclingGuide.com, which will
bring you news of cutting-edge circling developments, along with
offers from me and the community. You can also find me on
Facebook at: facebook.com/CirclingGuide

ARTICLES AND STORIES
“It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a
profoundly sick society” – Jiddu Krishnamurti
(This chapter should be considered a “stub”. Please share your

inspirational story to marc@CirclingGuide.com!)
What is authenticity? (Sara Ness)

Sara Ness is a legend in the Circling and A/R movement. She is the
director of Authentic Revolution, lead facilitator on Authentic
World, author of The Authentic Relating Games Manual, and
creator of the Authentic Life Leadership Course, a live course
which runs in approximately 2 months cycles and is highly
recommended.
Is it total honesty in all your words and actions? Is it following your
impulses, your emotions, or your beliefs? Is it a popular word that
writers use to get more hits on Google? As far as I can tell, it
depends on who you ask. I asked the internet, since it was the
closest thing to me while I was writing this. The first two definitions
that came up were “authenticity is the quality of being authentic” -
very helpful - and, thanks to Merriam-Webster, authenticity is
being “true to one's own personality, spirit, or character”.
Let’s break this down. There are actually two parts to this
definition: one, what is “being true” and two, what is
“personality, spirit, or character”. If we see “being true” as
showing a self to the world that is an accurate model of your
internal thoughts, feelings, and beliefs, authenticity is what I’d call
congruence - alignment between who you are and what you show.
But, who are you? What is personality, spirit, or character?
I don’t know about you, but when I look within for the truth
about who I am, I come up with ten different answers.
Even right now, who am I? If who I am is affected by what I
experience and how I experience it, I could start by asking myself,

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how am I experiencing my reality right now? The first thing I notice
is that I feel a lot of energy in my body. But what does that mean
about me? Am I a highly motivated and energized person? Or
simply a caffeinated person? Or am I one who is anxious? Or
excited? The same exact sensations could lead to multiple different
interpretations of who I am. And how I act and communicate will
be affected by which truth I choose.
I recently listened to a TED talk by Kelly McGonigal, the author of
‘Reality is Broken’, one of my favorite books on gamifying the world
around us. Kelly cites a study that tracked the relationship between
stress and death. Experiencing major stress within the past year
conferred a 43 percent higher risk of death - but only for those who
said they thought stress was harmful to their health. Some people
interpret the physical symptoms of stress - faster breathing, heart
pounding, focused mind - as energy or intensity and experience
their body readying itself to face a challenge. Those who viewed
stress in this way - as helpful - had no higher risk of dying than
those who had not experienced major stress in the last year.
Forty-three percent higher risk - or zero percent higher risk - all
depending on how we define a single experience. And we do this all
the time! We put interpretations on what we think, feel and
perceive; we filter through hundreds of different possible responses
to any situation, and try to find which version holds the most truth,
or is the most authentic, for us.
But what if all of our possible responses are authentic?
They all come from different internal parts of us, each of which has
reason to believe and feel what it experiences. Right now, part of me
says “You should pause here and re-write this script. It isn’t good
enough.” Another part says “Act confident! You can’t serve people if
they think you don’t trust yourself.” Another part says, “I’m tired.
Maybe I should take a break.”
Which of these parts is most authentic? The first, which wants me
to stop and re-write the script, is true to my fear of being seen as
incompetent and my value on doing really good work. The second
part, which wants me to act confident, is true to my feeling of
competency and my belief that people trust confidence more than

admissions of vulnerability (a belief which an old part of me
believes strongly and a newer part of me questions). The third part,
who is just tired, is almost always there. It’s like the whiny kid
dragging on my heels: “Are we done yet?” That part is really good at
justifying procrastination, “But it’s authentic, you want to
procrastinate!” If my goal is to live and lead from authenticity, how
do I choose which part to listen to and when?
Here’s where we find congruence. Congruence is alignment
between who you are and who you show the world. I’ve just put
forth the idea that our self is made up of many selves, each of which
has its own version of truth, influenced by the words we choose to
describe our experience. So if I have to choose how I will show up to
the outside world, I need to decide between these selves. For me, I
make this decision using my values.
My values are the things I care most about. You may know your
own core values, or they may be a mystery. We’ll do an exercise this
week to help you discover or clarify the ones that are most
important to you. When you know your values, you can check
decisions against them, especially a decision like which part of
myself do I follow in this moment, and which part do I show the
world? Once your values are deeply internalized, you don’t even
need to check. You’ll find yourself making decisions easily and
congruently without thinking about it.
Learning moves from unconscious incompetence, to conscious
incompetence, to conscious competence, to unconscious
competence. Congruent authenticity is a learned skill. In the
beginning, we need to bring a whole lot of self-awareness to our
most essential values, and then practice consciously choosing to
show the world who we really are and what we really value. By
doing so over time, our values will eventually become deeply
internalized. This is what I’m calling unconscious congruence.
Once we develop unconscious congruence, we spend less energy
worrying about what parts of ourselves to show the world, and we
have more energy for fully living our authentic life.

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In summary, to be authentic, we first have to sort out who we are
and what really matters to us, and then sort out how to bring our
words, actions, and choices into congruence with our values.
To have others receive and validate our authenticity, we need to

make the environment around us safe enough to share ourselves
vulnerably. This means developing an awareness of others' modes
of communication, the frames through which they see the world,
which may be similar or very different from our own. We'll use
Authentic Relating to give tools and practices that can streamline
this congruent communication. We'll also work on developing
emotional resilience for those moments in which our authenticity
isn't received, and learn to face the "boss battles" of relating with
those who don't want to accept us for who we are.
Congruent authenticity is a skill you can master. And once you do

so, even if it’s awkward at first - as learning any new skill is - you
will start to find much more ease and satisfaction in the
connections you care most about, and those you have every day.
Beyond Circling: I have a dream (Marc

Beneteau)
In an earlier blog post I gave some of the reasons why I am so
passionate (read: obsessed) with Circling. To bottom-line that post,
I have spent 30+ years looking for a community-based healing
movement, a “transformational tribe”, that would meet the
following criteria: power or effectiveness; integrity; free or low-cost;
a global reach; and a compelling vision for a new society. In those
30 years, nothing was able to meet all those criteria, until I
stumbled across Circling. Furthermore, it quickly became obvious
to me that Authentic Relating practices were the “missing link”
from virtually every ashram or meditation or yoga center, every
social change movement, and almost every other human
transformational system (with the exception of NVC, which I
consider a close cousin but earlier generation of Authentic
Relating). Indeed: if you truly want to experience the depth of

human fucked-up-ness, go into most any Ashram or yoga center
and ask the teachers, confidentially, what they think of the
organization. I don’t mean that Yoga philosophy or Buddhism or
anything else is wrong. I just mean that without authentic relating,
they will forever be missing something. At least that’s my opinion.
Now I want to continue that article with a sequel giving what I have
learned in 8 months of circling 10 or 12 hours a week, first in
Boulder and later on the online platforms, Circle Anywhere and
Authentic World. And talk about where I want to go with this.
Despite 30 years of my fascination and research into human
development, emotional communication and the psychology of
love, and intentional communities / eco-villages, it still took me
quite a while to even begin to “get” circling. In the first few months
I was like a bull in a china shop. I enjoyed almost every minute of it,
and had some very powerful birthday circles in Boulder, but the
people around me did not always enjoy me. It took me quite some
time to accurately frame how I was being (and declare myself
publicly) as a “recovering asshole”. Not always of course, as people
did enjoy my vulnerability (this is my super-power), but despite my
best intentions that was often the truth. It was hard to contain my
own reactivity and I am not one to keep my opinions to myself. It
also took me a while to understand what some people considered
my excessive tendency to story-telling. Sometimes I would respond
with humor, as in “look. I am Jewish and Italian, I like to talk”.
There were two inflection points in this exhilarating journey. I say
“exhilarating” because it was clear to me from the very beginning
that I was on to something very powerful.
The first inflection point occurred about 4 months into it when I
started inviting people I liked into private groups held over
Zoom. The stated purposes for this was, first to introduce circling
to my non-circling friends (who would be more willing, the
argument went, to join free groups); second that the private group
format provided more continuity and trust; and third I wanted to
introduce more of what I called “developmental intent”, which I say
more about below.

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The first objective, of introducing my friends to circling, mostly
failed. Granted, a few of my friends took to it like fish-to-water and
now more-or-less share my enthusiasm, so I am not a complete
loser as a circling evangelist. Still this is a bit disappointing.
The second and third objectives were very successful,
however. People loved the private groups, often had important
experiences there and kept coming back. Ultimately I realized
something which I think is important. Certainly there is something
to be said for a group that has commitment, continuity and trust.
But that alone does not explain the success of the private groups. I
mean, I can show up to most any Circle Anywhere group and feel
love and trust towards people there as well, in addition to skilled
leadership, something that every aspiring leader ought to relish, the
revealing of one’s blind spots. CA has become my new family-of-
choice. But what I realized was that the key factor in the
transformative power of the private groups is that these
groups extended circling into the realms of friendship,
true transformational (or healing) partnerships, and in a
few cases business collaboration. This is what I mean by
“developmental intent”. “Relational meditation” is well and good, I
have no objections. But if we limit our circling to the formal
groups, that to me misses the whole point and the greater power to
be gained from the practice.
And this realization was the first inflection point in my circling
“career”. The fulfillment, as it were, of my original intention which
was to bring circling into the world: into friendships, into families,
into schools and business, into other types of transformational
tribes — there is NO human community of any kind, in my opinion,
that could not benefit from this.
And yet I have found that bringing Circling or A/R
practices into the world to be challenging. My attempts to
lead groups (or even individual sessions) to people who are not
already trained in Circling have been hit-or-miss (as opposed to the
private groups, almost all of which have been home runs). Why is
this? Well, I can’t say for sure of course and this is certainly in part
a reflection on my leadership. And yet it is also logical that this
would be true. Because of the 4-5 primary skills of Circling, in my

world (curiosity, empathy, appreciation, vulnerable sharing and
“non-doing”), none of them are easy, and in all cases the “social
rules” are stacked up against us (“don’t stare at strangers” — oh
really. Why?). But the hardest of all is vulnerable sharing,
which is something that many people are simply terrified
of doing. And it’s not just terror that stops them from doing it, it’s
that they can’t even imagine the benefits that lie on the other side of
it. In truth, vulnerable sharing is a revolutionary act. And
for those people who don’t get it, or don’t want to do it, I can only
model it. In most cases they will respond very positively
(vulnerability is very attractive), but in other cases they won’t. And
I have to be strong enough to endure that, what I call the
“judgments of the world”. Because when I show up in vulnerable
sharing, I am also revealing my own neuroses. Which, if you know
me, are rather self-evident. “Recovering asshole” is actually the
least of them. From my perspective, what chance do I have of
becoming less neurotic if I have to hide? I have always thought of
vulnerability as a no-brainer, but I seem to be in the minority there.
Now let me give the second inflection point of my circling career.
It’s that Circling alone is not enough, and particularly in
designated groups. There are some limits of the developmental
value of “relational meditation”. There are fewer limits of bringing
circling into friendship, transformational partnerships, intentional
communities and business, which is what I am most interested in,
but there are limits even there. Circling alone, I have found (and
there are big conversations happening there on Facebook) is not
that effective for healing trauma, for that one needs somatic (body-
centered) therapy modalities like Somatic Experiencing, Hakomi, or
Avalon. It's not very effective, in my experience, for addiction
recovery either. I was an active alcoholic for about three years, even
as I was going through my circling adventures. Nothing changed
there until I started looking at and complementing my Circling with
other modalities, such as Inner Relationship Focusing and re-
connected to 12-step support communities.
Ultimately what I am saying is that I still think that circling is
incredible. But I am slightly sobered-up. I am no longer claiming it

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as the solution to anything-that-ails-you. However, I will continue
to claim that at least for me, and probably for a lot of other people
as well, it is, perhaps, the first step to the solution of anything-
that-ails-you. Human beings thrive on connection, and without
connection they perish. That’s my story and I am sticking to it. I am
also out to prove it. I am out to prove that almost anyone will
respond positively to the fundamental skills of circling (curiosity,
empathy, appreciation, and vulnerable sharing), 90% of the time. I
want to go out into the world and practice, and watch people
transform around me, as is already starting to happen (I hope), and
at very minimum is happening with me.
I think of this as a very important conversation. Can we, actually,
expand Circling beyond the “relational meditation”, without killing
it, or destroying the purity that may be the very reason for its
success? What are your thoughts on this? Please post them to
Circling Guide on facebook.
Selling Authentic Relating, Part 2 (Marc

Beneteau)
Summary
It’s a strange thing: the more I circle, and lead circling, the more
excited and engaged I am about the potential of the modality and of
the movement. In this article I take a step back and try and discern
why this is so, along with some practical approaches for promoting
A/R and Circling events and building a community.
My Circling Manifesto (where I think this is heading)
I say this here, even though it’s something that I consistently fail to
convince anyone, until they have actually attended a Circle (and
even then. Most people fail to get the social and political
implications of the movement, in my view). I have spent 30+ years
exploring human change modalities, looking for something that
would be (a) powerful (or effective), (b) open-source, (c) low-cost,
(d) that would have sexual and financial integrity, and (e) would
have a global presence and community (i.e. a possibility for anyone
anywhere on Earth to join a group or start a group). 98% of human

change systems fail one or more of those tests, mostly because they
are proprietary (or brand-controlled), and/or have limited
reach. The 2% which do pass these tests, which include Buddhism
and NVC, derive much of their effectiveness by harnessing the
power of group intelligence. This is the central point of Circling and
A/R practices, its specialty shall we say. And I have not seen any
movement or group, proprietary or not, harness the group
intelligence for transformational purposes as well as Circling
does. Or that is anywhere near as fun, frankly.
And furthermore, Circling and A/R practices are very easy to
sell. I mean: the impossibility of adequately explaining the practice,
is more than compensated by the dramatic impact that I have seen
from people attending even a single event. Whether you are leading
A/R games or Circling, and assuming a certain skill level, it is very
common to see people leaving a group very inspired, what I call the
“home-run circle” (everyone leaves happy and smiling and wanting
more). In terms of “skill level” — well just how much skill level is
required I have yet to discover, but I don’t feel that any of this is
rocket-science. I am far from being the best leader in the world, and
yet I think I am having really good impact.
And finally — as if all this were not enough — Circling is a perfect
complement to most any intentional community, any ashram or
church or spiritual community, any mind/body transformation
program, any social-change movement, any addiction or mental-
health recovery program, or any conscious business venture. I call
it the “missing link” — without it, you will forever be missing
something. It doesn’t matter how powerful the underlying
philosophy or modality is. If you are not dealing with relational
reality, you are fucked. Very few communities or social-change
organizations are adequately dealing with relational reality. Why?
Because, in general, it’s a swamp. Better (a lot of people think) to
just ignore it, since fully locking-in to emotional and relational
truth, communicating lovingly and responsibly around that and
fully owning your emotional experience, can be dangerous. Things
can get very hot very fast. Relationships and entire organizations
can blow apart. In essence, most of us are still babies in the art of

97
relationship. Our parents didn’t teach us and society does
everything possible to shut us up. We are basically “learning on the
job”, even the most skillful of us. Being authentic and loving at the
same time is very difficult. But the alternative, which is to live
inside a lie, is generally worse.
For sure, I am a Circling fanatic. I imagine I could Circle all day
long and be perfectly happy. So perhaps I am not the best person to
bring a balanced opinion to bear here. “Multiple simultaneous
perspectives” — no argument. There have been a number of recent
scandals rock the Circling world. Even so: my desire is to see more
people in the Circling community claim their power here, and start
to lead, especially locally. We are on to something,
folks. Something that the world desperately needs, and which not
many others are bringing.
Selling A/R, 1-2-3

I want to expand on the above, as per my previous article Love for
Sale, Half-Price, on how easy it is to sell Authentic Relating. There
is not a lot of money in it, at least at the beginning. But the
personal and social value-added is so extraordinary, it’s worth
doing regardless, in my view. My desire for myself, is to lead on-
the-ground every night. Why not? It’s super-fun for me, I have a
lot of time on my hands, I am pretty good at it (or at least “good
enough”), and I could use the money. My plan for “filling seats” is
to reach out to other Meetup organizers and compatible
organizations (co-working spaces for instance). Personally, I have a
deep desire and am very passionate about intentional community,
residential or not (as told in my personal blog post Moving to
Asheville, and other news), so that is also on the agenda. I am very
interested in expanding A/R and Circling practices into real-world
scenarios that would include intentional community and eco-
villages, mental health and addiction recovery, sexuality, and
conscious business. This is my life’s work.
Where to go from here?

Creating a thriving A/R community in your locality is challenging,
for reasons already mentioned: human relationships are a
swamp. Especially when questions of money, power, prestige and

sex start to come in. I will still passionately declare, that it is a
game worth playing.
Here are some good resources for learning A/R skills and building
community:
• Circleanywhere. The best-value Circling training on the
planet. Authentic World is also good but doesn’t have the
same level of activity. There are (sometimes) free groups
offered by Daniel T. Johnson and by Josh Stein.
• Sara Ness’s new community course [link needed]
• Jordan Allen’s community course [link needed]
• The expanded Circling Guide, which includes updated A/R
Game Leader Format and Circling Introduction Leader
Format
• Local Circling and A/R groups, which you can generally find
on Meetup.com
• Finally, you can always post and look for support on Circling
Europe Facebook, Authentic Relating Event Facilitators,
Circling Community Facebook, Circling Facebook, Circling
and A/R for Organizations, CircleAnywhere Facebook,
Authentic World Members. As well as Facebook pages for
your local community.

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RESOURCES
Below you will find links and resources relating to Circling and the
Authentic Relating movement. This section should also give you
some ideas about where to start, and ideas for starting your own
groups, in person or online.
For finding a group in your area, your best bet is to look at the
communities map at https://www.authrev.com/worldwide-
connection/. You can also look for compatible groups on
Meetup.com, such as NVC.
Training Organizations
In addition to local communities, all of which offer either Circling
intros or Authentic Relating Games nights, the organizations below
offer advanced training in Circling, at different locations and/or
online.
Lineage Circling schools

The three “primary lineage” schools of Circling are as follows (in
order of creation):
• CIRCLING INSTITUTE (San Francisco CA, Asheville NC,
Washington DC and other places), CirclingInstitute.com.
Led by Guy Sengstock and team.
• INTEGRAL CENTER (Boulder, Colorado),
IntegralCenter.org. Pioneered by Decker Cunov and today
led by Robert MacNaughton, with contributions from
Michael Porcelli, Josh Levin, Jess Nichol, and many others.
(Update February/2018: The physical location of the Boulder
Integral Center is shutting down. T3 program will continue.
Other activities are currently under discussion).
• CIRCLING EUROPE (Amsterdam & Western
Europe/Norway, New York City, Austin TX, and other
places), CirclingEurope.com. Led by John Thompson, Sean
Wilkinson and Jordan Myska Allen

Other Circling and A/R Training Organizations
• AUTHENTIC REVOLUTION (Austin TX, Boston, and
other places). www.authrev.com. Led by Sara Ness and
team. This is the most active “non-lineage” school running
training in both A/R Games facilitation, high-level circling
skills, and community gatherings in the Austin area.
• THE CONNECTION MOVEMENT (New York City and
online). TheConnectionMovement.com. Led by Amy
Silverman and team.
• ART INTERNATIONAL
(AuthenticRelatingTraining.com). Led by Jason Digges and
Ryel Kestano, and offering A/R leadership facilitation in
New York City, North Africa, and other places.
• THE SCHOOL OF CIRCLING WIZARDRY (Toronto,
Ontario, and online), circlingwizardry.com. Led by Josh
Stein.
Online Circling
You join online circling with a computer equipped with a webcam,
or even on your phone. Online Circling and A/R games are
surprisingly effective and highly recommended.
• Circle Anywhere (www.circleanywhere.com). A product of
Circling Europe and operating since 2015. CircleAnywhere is
the largest online circling community, with 20+ sessions
every week, skilled facilitation and relatively small group size
(limit is 18 participants per circle, which translates into two
breakouts of 9 people). And at $50/mth for unlimited
circling, the price is a steal (compare to the cost of therapy,
which may not even be as effective!)
• Authentic World (www.authenticworld.com) is currently
the hub of online circling, online A/R games, and cutting-
edge circling theory for the Austin & Boulder Integral crowd.
It’s not as active as CircleAnywhere, but the price of $25/mth
is also a steal.

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Books, articles and podcasts about Circling
There are a few books on Circling, listed below, and a lot of podcasts
that cover similar material. Below is a very short list. You can find
more on the Resources section of www.CirclingGuide.com.
• The Art of Circling: 37 Practices for Deepening Your Relating
Skills, by Bryan Bayer. Published September 2014 on Lulu.
105 Pages, $24 USD.
• The Art of Getting Someone’s World + Guide to Soul-
Bending, by Sara Ness. Self-published at
https://www.authrev.com/circling-resources/. 33 Pages,
Price by donation. The website has other great resources and
interviews as well.
• Cohering the Integral We Space: Engaging Collective
Emergence, Wisdom and Healing in Groups. This is a
collection, of which Chapter 15: We-Space Practice, the
Future, Circling and All There Is is an article by Sean
Wilkinson and John Thompson, founders of Circle Europe.
Available on Amazon and Kindle from $10 USD.
• Millennials, Here’s Why You’re Dissatisfied At Work. Article
in Forbes with Sean Wilkinson, John Thompson, and
Jordan Myska Allen. See also the Unconventional Life
podcast (www.unconventionallifeshow.com) interview with
Sean, John and Jordan.
Differences in the various schools of

Circling
Joshua Zader’s view

The following comments are re-posted from an article by Joshua
Zader. [Work-in-progress]
____
After having spent at least a long weekend training in each
tradition — and talking with folks like Sara Ness and Michael Blas,

who are deeply trained in multiple traditions — here are my
reflections on their varying emphases.
If I were to pick one word to describe the top priority of each
tradition, it would be "technique" for the Integral Center, "heart"
for the Circling Institute, and "presence" for Circling Europe.
More observations, somewhat off-the-cuff:
- The Integral Center and Circling Institute both prioritize
birthday circles (where the focus of attention remains with one
person for the duration of the circle), in contrast to organic circles
(where the group's attention moves freely from one participant to
another, depending on what arises).
- Circling Europe emphasizes a more meditative and presence-
oriented style of circling, often in an advanced form of organic
circles they call "surrendered leadership" circles. There is no
designated facilitator, and yet experienced participants do very
distinctly model the kind of presence, vulnerability, and self-
awareness they hope to see — exerting a different kind of influence
on the group. You lead by embodiment, rather than authority.
- All three schools are heavily influenced by the Integral
philosophy. The leaders of the Circling Institute seem additionally
influenced by A.H. Almaas's Diamond Heart system, though I'm
not confident if that shows up in circles, per se. (I'd love to learn,
because I respect his work.)
- Two phrases I hear often from Integral Center trainees are "Yin
wins" (meaning, if you're ever uncertain about whether to choose
a more penetrative vs. receptive intention, go with receptive) and
the pithy "Welcome everything, assume nothing."
- The Circling Europe style leaves far more space for conflict. To
an extent, this is in the nature of organic circles, where more
voices are active. But they also place a strong emphasis on
trusting one's experience; and when two people have divergent
perspectives, and they're both trusting their experience, it can get
intense quickly. It can also lead to profound depth of insight and
connection.

103
- The Austin community has developed its own integrative, casual,
community-oriented approach, including a "hot tub" style of
organic circling where there is no facilitator and little emphasis on
technique. Sometimes no one in a circle is a trained circling
facilitator. But there is a strong shared bias toward care and
ownership of experience, which contributes to the feeling of
circling.
- To my lights, Circling Europe has the most uncompromising
emphasis on spiritual growth. But getting there requires a high
tolerance for uncertainty, conflict, and intense self-reflection.
- If I knew I wanted to bring circling into a school, business, or
other organization, I would almost certainly seek training in the
Circling Institute or Integral Center traditions, where there is
more structure and you're trained to give newcomers more explicit
guidance.
- The Integral Center trains skilled facilitators. Circling Europe
trains awakened beings. Circling Institute trains ______.
(Empaths? This is the tradition I've studied in least, so far. So I'm
unsure.) Obviously these aren't mutually exclusive, but they seem
to reflect strong internal priorities among the leadership.
Josh Stein’s view

(From a post by Josh Stein, founder of the School of Circling
Wizardry)
I have trained extensively with the Integral Center (IC) and
Circling Europe (CE). I have much less exposure to the Circling
Institute (CI) so I'll have less to say.
No school is perfect; each does some things really well, and each
has significant failings. My hope is that we will all get better at
producing many skillful and even a few masterful Circlers.
Note, it's been a few years since I've trained with IC and CE, so I
expect things have already improved.

Integral Center: great at teaching the techniques and framework
that point to the essence of the part of Circling that is getting one's
world. Unfortunately, the emphasis on doing the techniques right
can suck the life out of the experience of alive with-ness. As a
result, in extreme cases Circles can feel flat, tight, or analytical.
Circling Europe: great at the aliveness element, embodiment is
HUGE, and emphasizing self trust in a way that makes it more
likely for students to find their being'ness. CE circles are richly
alive IMO. My Circling has benefited so much from CE. On the
downside, their contexting and level of instruction has been weak
in the past. They are amazing at modeling and transmitting
Circling, AND I have wanted to see them to improve on teaching
their students a framework and guiding them in developing
specific skills. The lack of context is more of a concern for newbie
Circlers. (However, since writing this, I have been assured that CE
has upped its standards and context setting has been improved.) If
I were running CE, I would want SAS to be considered an
advanced course for previously trained facilitators. Surrendered
Leadership Circling is an incredible practice IMO, but some people
are hesitant to call it Circling because it does not always resemble
and sometimes seems to break the rules of traditional Circling.
Circling Institute (my impressions): strong theoretical framework
(and breaking the skill sets down into underlying components)
and strong on caring and togetherness. Downsides are that the
lines get blurred between Circling and therapy. Sometimes it
seems there's a bias towards helping circlees move past their
experience rather than truly being with it. That said, this feels like
a grey area to me and I'd like to see it closer up. I'd consider taking
AoC if it were practical for me.
Michael Porcelli’s view

See http://integralcenter.org/3-schools-circling/

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LEADER FORMATS
“Walk cheerfully over the world, answering that of God
in every one” – George Fox
Summary of the Leader Formats

In this section I offer an A/R Game Format and a Circling
Introduction Leader Format that have worked very well for me
in a group size of between 6 and 10 participants in a 2 hour
meeting. The A/R game is a type of Hot Seat game, and for the
Circle I am proposing short birthday circles for everyone, or as
many as can fit. Be aware that 10 participants is stretching the
game in terms of the time that each participant has, you will have to
be disciplined with the time. If there are more than 9 or 10
participants, you may need to try something other than presented
here.
The ultimate resource on A/R Games is Sara Ness’s Authentic
Relating Games Manual. I am going to go more granular here,
presenting the exact language and format that I have used
successfully.
Overall leadership guidelines

It is normal to be nervous when you start leading. My advice is as
follows:
• DO be transparent. This is the best thing you can do, and
actually the only way you will be successful as an A/R
leader. You have to “practice what you preach”. Share your
nervousness, and also vulnerably-share any challenges you
are having, i.e. “I feel like I am trying too hard to make
something happen here“. I am always nervous leading a
new group, yet I frequently get strong feedback at the end of
how much people value my leadership.
• DO be very aggressive on the appreciations. Sincere
appreciations will have an impact on the group way beyond
what you imagine, plus of course they will start modeling
you. If you feel the group is very present or mature, if

anybody demonstrates real empathy or expresses leadership,
or you see anything at all that makes you feel warm or
smiley, SAY IT.
• DON’T talk too much. A spoken intro should be no more
than 5 minutes. This is the #1 mistake I see leaders making,
even experienced ones. It’s highly unlikely that people are
there to hear you talk! Give them an immediate experience
of connection with each other, instead. It’s not very difficult
and will be way more fun for them.
• DO frequent popcorn-style impact or reflection rounds. Tell
them: “we are going to do an impact round now“. They will
be curious about “impact”, so explain to them: “it’s an
opportunity to share your felt experience about what just
happened or where you are at right now“.
• DON’T be shy about giving negative feedback or
redirects. Just do it respectfully and with permission. This
happens most commonly when people are giving advice,
coaching or excessive personal story-telling on an
impact/reflection round. Say: “Can I challenge you on
something, is it okay?” And after permission: “that felt more
about you than about her. Do you agree? Would you be
willing to try that again?“. Or “did you [speaking to the
circlee] feel gotten by that? What would have helped to
make you feel more seen?“. Or “I notice that people seem to
be giving Joey advice. I wonder what that is about?“. It
creates group safety when you intervene on communications
which are distancing or not-related. Plus, it’s 90% probable
the target of your intervention will be grateful to you. In the
unusual event in which they seem upset, ask them if they are
okay and circle them around it. Always thank them for
gracefully taking your feedback, of course.
• DON’T feel an obligation to be a great leader. Understand
that 80% of your job is to witness and affirm, 15% to show
vulnerability, and 5% to challenge or redirect. Anybody can
witness and affirm, so if you feel stuck, do only that until you
get a better idea, or something bubbles up in you that
demands to be said.

107
• DO be humble and trust the process. Gracefully accept any
feedback they might give you, even (and especially) if it’s
negative. If you feel something is off, probe the group for
negative impact: “am I being too bossy or directive here?” or
“let’s do a quick temperature check. Is anyone not present
or engaged here, and if so, what could we do that would
help?”. I can guarantee you that will wake them up.
• Remember: “trust that people move towards wholeness, and
we just have to follow” [Alexis Shepperd].
A/R Game Format

Introductions
I usually start with an introduction round of: (1) Name, (2) Why
you are here, and (3) Something unique or unusual about you (or:
anything you would like the group to know about you).
Context-setting
Then I do a brief context-setting, saying something along the lines
of:
• To talk about A/R is not actually doing Authentic Relating,
so need to keep it brief
• Nonetheless, a little bit of context is helpful
• The best context I have for A/R is this: A/R is the invitation
to bring more of ourselves into interaction with people, to
stop cloaking our humanity or pretending to be something
different than who we really are. To actually have the
courage to say things like “I would love if you could talk less
and pay more attention to me” or “I just got angry there
and realized that you are talking to me like my mother used
to do. It’s not really about you”. Etc..
• I tell them we are going to play some communication games,
but that it is very important that they don’t do anything they
don’t want to do, or feel any pressure to show up any way
other than they are currently feeling. They can sit-out any
game and if they have an objection to anything that’s going
on, they should voice it.

• I almost always give some history, even brief, explaining that
the A/R movement started in California (of course!) in 1999
as the Circling practice, which has now spread into
“Authentic” communities in 60+ cities, 3 major schools, two
online platforms, thousands of people impacted and a very
active global community, etc. I also explain that the A/R
movement has two primary practices, A/R games and
Circling. (there is also a third practice, my favorite
actually, Guerrilla Circling which is circling people invisibly
and without agreement, but that’s too complex to explain in
an intro)
• Finally, I do short “popcorn-style” impacts on my context-
setting
Warm-up
Plan on 15-20 minutes for the warm-up and the warm-up impact
round (debrief). The warm-up is very important because it tends to
“drop” people into connection immediately, and enter a place of
presence from which the actual circle will be way more powerful. If
you start a circle without a warm-up, it will be more difficult to
“drop in” later.
Here is what has worked for me:
• Set them up in pairs. You can do an inner and outer circle
(which rotates for the 3 games) or you can just ask them to
find a partner. It tends to reduce anxiety if you set a clear
structure of who they will be with (i.e. an inner and outer
circle, don’t give them a choice). If you are doing triad
breakouts rather than pairs, have them count-off.
• I do one round of “best friends” game. Here is what
you tell them: “First, pick a person to begin. Then, you are
going to explain to this person what they would need to
know about you to be your best friend. Who you are, what
you value and enjoy, what you hate, and all your
personality flaws that your best friend would need to know
and accept about you. Start now, you have 3 minutes“. If

109
they seem to be having fun, you can give them a bit more
than 3 minutes. Then switch.
• One round of Noticing Game. I say: “Okay so now we
are going to get more relational and more present-
moment”. I bring out a participant or my co-lead and I
model the process: “The structure is as follows: First person
says ‘I notice (bla)’. You could notice something about their
physical experience, an emotional reaction you are having
to them, or something completely unrelated to them, like
your wife is leaving you and you just lost your job and so
you are feeling distracted. Second person says: ‘On hearing
that, I notice (bla)’. And so forth“. I say: “This is a one of the
basic A/R exercises and you can go wherever you want with
it. Specifically, you can go for depth, or you can go for fun
and playful, or both”. I encourage them to move their body
(I won’t kick them out if they want to do a dance). “Start
now, you have about 4 or 5 minutes for both people to
share”.
• Then I might switch partners and do a second round
of Noticing Game. If the group is strong I change
the final Noticing Game to eye-gazing, telling them:
“Eye-gazing simply honors the fact that connection can
happen non-verbally, as a felt experience. You have at least
two choices here. You can either send direct love and
appreciation non-verbally, or you can just be non-
judgmentally aware and appreciative of what arises in the
space”.
• Then I will do a “popcorn-style” impact round
(debrief) on Noticing Game
The Game
• Then I give everyone a hot-seat and an
appreciation/impact round. This has worked
EXCEEDINGLY well. For instance, in a group of 8 in a 2
hour meeting, each person would get (excluding the
introductions, context-setting and checkout) roughly a 7
minute hot-seat and a 3-minute impact/appreciation round
(which is a bit short, but it works). My experience is that

people understand the meaning of “impacts / appreciations”
immediately and provide quite powerful appreciations and
reflections to each other. Occasionally (very occasionally) I
do a redirect in the impact round, specifically if the impacts
start to look like coaching or advice-giving.
• Here is how I explain the Hot-Seat role: they are going
to get all of the attention in the room for X minutes (this is
why we call it a “hot seat”, it can get rather hot to receive all
that loving attention!). People will be invited to ask them
questions, which they can answer, or not, as they
please. Indeed during their hot-seat they are going to be the
undisputed King or Queen of the evening.
• Here is how I explain the “Questioner” role in Hot-
Seat: they can ask any question that they have genuine
curiosity about, even questions that might seem
risque. They should not shut-down or dampen their
genuine curiosity, because the person on the hot-seat does
not have to answer if they don’t want to. I also tell them
that they should say “Thank you” when the person finishes
talking, OR when they have heard enough. This completes
the cycle and we can take another question, either from them
or somebody else.
Checkout round
I always end with a checkout round: “How are you feeling and
What are you taking home from this”
I will be experimenting with another format as well, a 3-hour
meeting with a 20-30 minute refreshment and socializing break
after the first 1 1/2 hours. This requires snacks which is an added
expense, unless you can (ideally) get someone to bring the
food. The benefit is that it’s hard for people to sustain the intensity
of attention for more than 2 hours. Plus they appreciate the
informality of the break.
That’s it. I do not have a need to do something different
every time (as I see happening sometimes in the A/R game
space). If I find a format that works every time, I will just repeat it

111
until it gets boring to me or I get feedback that the group wants
something different.
Circling Introduction Leader Format

In this section I offer a Circling Introduction Leader that has
worked very well for me in a group size of between 6 and 10
participants in a 2 hour meeting. If there are more than 9 or 10
people you will, in my experience, need to break-out (so you would
need a qualified co-lead).
This approach involves giving people short birthday circles,
normally 10 minutes plus a 5 minute impact round. The goal here
is to give as many people as possible an experience of being
birthday circled (of being the designated circlee) and as many
people possible the experience of giving impact statements (being
the designated circler). These are the two basic roles of Circling, in
my world. Having them formally put in to the structure helps to
clarify an important distinction. Short birthday circles can be very
powerful, and they also distribute the air-time better.
Alternatives to this are organic circles, SL-style circles, or long
birthday circles. My preference as a leader to beginners is to get
them excited and enrolled through an initial (and hopefully
powerful) experience of being circled, even if it be short. In later
groups with people who have gone through the format I am
presenting here, you can dispense with all instructions and pre-set
structure (other than paired-share warmups) and just flow into an
organic circle, a single birthday circle, multiple mini-birthday
circles, or whatever you feel the group needs.
I will go now into the precise languaging I use, with the caveat that
Circling is a presence practice, so you need to "come from being"
rather than a pre-set structure, and to be open to feedback from the
group of how you are occurring to them as a leader. If you are
leading an A/R Game rather than a Circle, see my A/R Game
Leader Format above.

Overall Leadership Guidelines
These are the same guidelines as for the A/R Game Leader Format
above. When leading a circle (versus an A/R Game), you can be less
inhibited in giving feedback on communications which you judge to
be “not connecting” (i.e. you might circle people who make
communications that are not real impact statements, such as
coaching or advice-giving).
Introductions
You can use the same introduction given in the A/R Game format
above.
Context-setting
Then I do a brief context-setting, saying something along the lines
of:
• To talk about Circling is not actually doing Circling, so need
to keep it brief
• Nonetheless, a little bit of context may be helpful
• The are many contexts that you can set for a
Circle. If you are leading to mixed beginners and more
experienced people (who might have heard your context
before), you can vary or rotate among some of the following
(or include several of them):
1. Circling is the invitation to bring more of ourselves into
interaction with people, to stop cloaking our humanity or
pretending to be something different than who we really
are. To actually have the courage to say things like “I
would love if you could talk less and pay more attention
to me” or “I just got angry there and realized that you
are talking to me like my mother used to do. It’s not
really about you”. Etc..
2. Circling is being more deliberate about how we approach
relationships. That most of us yearn to connect with
people at deeper levels of sharing and truth, and yet we
tend to approach relationships with people we care about
or that we are interested in, in an overly timid or

113
haphazard way, perhaps achieving success only by
accident
3. Circling is an explicit invitation into having the deeper
level of conversation that most of us yearn for, but that
few have the courage to ask for directly. Thus, in Circling
we will enter into an explicit agreement that it’s okay here
to speak from (and listen for) our experience of what it’s
like to be us, alive in our bodies in this moment
4. Unlike the conversations that happen in bars, at church,
at work, and at your average party, we come together in
Circling with the explicit desire to know and be known,
and permission to express what is true for us, outside of
social rules or political correctness
5. Circling is about “being present to what is”, especially in
the space between us (relational / emotional reality).
Listen to Guy Sengstock on this.
6. Make up your own context?
• Then I tell them we are going to play some communication
games, but that it is very important that they don’t do
anything they don’t want to do, or feel any pressure to show
up any way other than they are currently feeling. They can
sit-out any game and if they have an objection to anything
that’s going on, they should voice it.
• I almost always give some history, even brief, explaining that
the A/R movement started in California (of course!) in 1999
as the Circling practice, which has now spread into
“Authentic” communities in 60+ cities, 3 major schools, two
online platforms, thousands of people impacted and a very
active global community, etc. I also explain that the A/R
movement has two primary practices, A/R games and
Circling.
• Finally, I do short “popcorn-style” impacts on my context-
setting. (“What lands here for you? What dissonates or
makes you feel resistant?”)
Warm-up
You can use the same warm-up as for the A/R game, above

The Circle
• I like to decide in advance how many people will get mini-
birthday circles and announce, say: “we are going to do 4
short birthday circles. A birthday circle is where one
person gets all the attention of the group for a certain
amount of time”. Ask who would like to begin, or (better) if
there is someone that piques your interest and attention, say
so and ask them if they want to start.
• Time the birthday circle. Try not to go over. You can hold
up fingers to indicate how many minutes left (3, 2, 1,
0). Don’t worry too much about cutting them off. Trust that
they will say what’s important to them in the time that they
have. Don’t be inhibited about imposing structural time-
constraints. Most people feel relieved and grateful and that
they can relax into a structure that feels safe and fair.
• Time the impact/appreciation round. If necessary give some
context of impact/appreciation: “it’s an opportunity to either
say something you appreciate about someone, or else a way
in which they have affected you, in case you have a felt
experience or reaction to them“. You may need to remind
them to keep it brief in view of time constraints.
• Then on to the next.
This is a format that works well for beginner circles. With more
advanced circlers, once they get the basic concepts and the
vocabulary, you can relax the structure, and you can also probe the
group for how much structure they want.
Checkout round
Checkout round is same as for the A/R game.

115
TIPS FOR GIVING AND RECEIVING
FEEDBACK
“A trouble shared is a trouble halved. A joy shared is a joy
doubled” – Anonymous
This article is adapted from a handout at Network for a New Culture

(www.nfnc.org). See the previous chapter for more information
about NFNC.
Why giving feedback is important

When we can’t share what’s wrong, such as a distressing experience
we are having in relation to a person or an organization, small
annoyances become deep resentments and we stifle energy that
could be put towards creating productive collaborations. And if we
are unwilling to receive feedback, we lose out on valuable
information about how we come across to others – information that
we can use to grow and mature. As resentments fester,
organizations suffer with high turnover and low morale, and
families and friendships split apart.
The solution to this problem is to adopt a culture where giving and
receiving feedback is a regular and non-threatening part of day-to-
day life. You can:
1. Work it out directly with the other person, via the process I
am about to describe.
2. Ask for help from a third person to help you clarify your
emotions prior to the exchange, and/or ask the third person
to mediate the meeting.
3. Decide to completely let it go: internally clear the slate with
the other person (maybe with some help from a friend or
confidante)
All three options can be good, but they all require skill, self-
awareness and generosity.

Tips for giving feedback
1. Check-in with yourself: is this the right time? If you are still
very upset with the person, or your energy is not the best,
you would be wise to speak first with a third person, whom
you could ask to listen to you and help you clear as much of
the upset as possible before engaging.
2. Ask if the other person is open to receiving feedback and if
it’s a good time.
3. Be aware of your intentions in giving the feedback. Go
forward if you are wanting to get closer to the other person,
have better communication, or find a solution to a problem.
Feedback with the intention of shaming or pushing the other
person usually makes the situation worse.
4. Share your experience, and especially your felt-experience.
What were your feelings, thoughts, stories? Give specific
examples whenever possible. As much as possible, do not
make the other person wrong for how they are behaving. If
you share judgments, declare upfront that you know that
your judgments may not be “the truth”.
5. Be curious about the other person, how you might be
impacting them and what they might be thinking. Hint:
their experience will rarely be what you imagine it to be.
6. Be clear about what you want to happen, or not happen, in
the future. Make a specific request if you can.
Avoid:
1. Name-calling or labeling.
2. Assigning motives to the other person (“you did that because
you were jealous”).
3. Most important: remember that the point of the
feedback is to affect your future with this person in
a positive way – not to achieve catharsis, or correct them
for some disrespect or injustice, either real or imagined.

117
Tips for receiving feedback
1. Check-in with yourself: how is your listening? If you are
over-tired, angry or upset, you may want to thank the person
for reaching out to you and tell them that you value your
relationship with them, but suggest a “timeout” so that you
can give them your best attention later. Ask them if that’s
okay with them.
2. Reflect back what you heard. This ensures that the other
person knows you understand what they are telling you.
3. Ask questions. This helps you learn more and helps the other
person know you’re interested in what they have to say.
4. Thank the speaker for being willing to give you the feedback.
You can even appreciate them for their courage – it may be
hard for them to do.
5. Avoid instant judgments of whether the other person is right
or wrong. Focus, instead, on the probable reason they are
sharing this with you: to get internal clarity for themselves
and work through an upset. They may change their mind
about you if you just listen to them without arguing or
making them wrong. They want the same thing as you do: to
be heard. Offer this to them, out of love and respect.
6. After reflecting back, asking questions and thanking them,
ask them if it’s okay for you to respond, in case you feel
moved to. Be willing to honor their “no”.
Remember:
1. Feedback that feels “wrong” to you may contain a kernel of
truth. Feedback that sounds “right” to you may be only their
projection. So, “take what you like and leave the rest”.
2. This is a golden opportunity to get to know, understand and
appreciate the person who is giving the feedback. And who
knows, they may become your best friend.
3. Negative feedback to you doesn’t mean there is
anything wrong with you!!!

OTHER BOOKS BY MARC
As Lovers Do: Sexual and Romantic

Partnership as a Path of Transformation
As Lovers Do is both a
profound analysis of the
issues that stop men and
women from getting along,
and a practical guide for
creating deeper relationships
and having better
sex. Starting with the basic
idea that men's natural role
and deepest desire is to
support women, take care of
them and attempt to make
them happy – an idea that is
frequently ridiculed and
denied in our post-
conventional society, which
pretends that men and women
are the same – we then review
new models and distinctions
on sexual relationships which
carry the potential to dramatically improve the quality of our
intimate relationships, and even to end patriarchy as we know it.
Some of the wise and powerful teachers whose ideas are reviewed
are: Scott Peck and Jerry Jud on human loving; David Deida,
Victor Baranco and Alison Armstrong on sexual polarity,
sacred sexuality and female orgasm; Marshall Rosenberg, Dale
Carnegie and Werner Erhard on emotional communication;
Mark Manson and Steve Bodansky on sexual attraction and
seduction; and Dieter Duhm on internalized oppression. Some of
these great teachers are still alive, others have passed-on; all of
them built significant learning communities; but As Lovers Do is

119
the only summary and integration of these powerful ideas into a
comprehensive system for understanding man/woman
relationships. If you don't know who these teachers are, and why
their ideas are important, you are in for an eye-opening experience!
Sexual intimacy is one of the deepest human needs, and yet the one
that is most frequently repressed and denied – doubly so as men
and women often repeatedly act out self-destructive patterns in
pursuit of their sexual and relational needs. We do this, mostly, out
of ignorance, attempting to follow social norms that are broken and
lead to poor results. In reality, relating powerfully to the opposite
sex is a lot easier than most people imagine, once you get the basic
ideas which are presented here.
Note: the book is written from a male perspective and therefore
should be of particular interest to young men, who are often
shockingly and tragically ignorant about women. However there is
wisdom here for people of all ages and genders.
A few reviews:
“While the popular culture is still sending couples into "couples
counselling" and using the medical model to pathologize one or
both members of a couple who are struggling, there has been a
plethora of new thought about how to actually SUCCEED at
relationship. Mark has been a student of these new pioneers for at
least 20 years, and has essentially written THE survey text book
about this body of new thought.” – Max Rivers, Marriage Counselor
& NVC Facilitator
“This book unites some of the best ideas that have been developed
by modern day experts in the fields of sexuality and relationship.
Marc has chosen the best information from each to enable the
reader to evaluate and create a better relationship with a partner,
the world and with one's self. He gives you enough time with each
master to get the main ideas that they have described, allowing us
to delve further if we so wish by including many references. After
reading this book I felt better, more aware, more in love and
kinder to myself, my lover and to my friends. ” – Steve Bodansky,
Sex Educator, Bestselling Author of “Extended Massive Orgasm”
and 3 other books.

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What are some of the other books written by the author?

What are some of the other books written by the author?

Circling and

“If we were all to sit in a circle and confess our sins,

2 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Quotes by Bryan Bayer, Sara Ness, Decker Cunov, Alexis Shepperd

With gratitude to my many mentors, in particular Jerry Jud, Victor

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

4 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

6 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

This book fulfills three deep desires of mine.

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

In 1985, at the age of 25, I found myself after a relationship breakup

In a bold and naïve move, traits which have followed me my entire

Over the next 30 years, I intensively explored what I call the

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

10 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Why a book about Circling?

12 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling in a nutshell: the goal of Circling

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

14 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

16 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

3. Circling is a global movement for creating a better

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

18 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

20 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Who owns the “Circling” brand? And what is the

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Organization of this book

22 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

What is Circling, really?

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Formal Circling vs. “Guerrilla Circling”

24 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

“You will always outlive my concept of you. And, I will

In this chapter we get right into the attitudes and communications

Notes on “Guerrilla Circling”

Notice feelings and body sensations

26 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Connect with the group – up to a point

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

28 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Get Their World: Lead from Attention,

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

30 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

32 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Guerrilla Circling: Compliments and Appreciations

34 Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com

Lead from Vulnerability

Circling Guide v1.5 – www.CirclingGuide.com