Electricity Supply Industry Performance Report 2018
Electricity Supply Industry Performance Report 2018
Electricity Supply Industry Performance Report 2018
Off Grid
Grid Supply Total
Supply
=976.5 MW =984.0 MW
=7.5 MW
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................................... iv
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................. v
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................. vii
I.Peak Demand ................................................................................................................vii
II.Installed Generation Capacity ...................................................................................vii
III.Electricity Supply to the National Grid ......................................................................vii
IV.Transmission ................................................................................................................. viii
V.Electricity Distribution .................................................................................................. viii
VI.Off-Grid Generation and Supply................................................................................ix
1.0.BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1.Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1
2.0.ELECTRICITY GENERATION ....................................................................................... 1
2.1.Installed Generation Capacity ................................................................................. 1
2.1.1.Power Plants Generating Electricity in Uganda .................................................. 2
2.2.Projects Under Construction...................................................................................... 4
2.3.Energy Generated and Sold to the National Grid ................................................ 5
2.3.1.Generation from Large Hydro Power Plants ........................................................ 5
2.3.2.Generation from Small Hydro Power Plants ......................................................... 6
2.3.3.Generation from the Thermal Power Plants ........................................................ 7
2.3.4.Generation from the Solar PV Plants .................................................................... 8
2.3.5.Generation from Bagasse Power Plants............................................................... 9
2.4.Staff in the Electricity Generation Segment ......................................................... 10
3.0.ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION SEGMENT ................................................................. 12
3.1.Introduction ............................................................................................................... 12
3.2.The Electricity Demand and Supply Nexus ........................................................... 12
3.3.UETCL Energy Purchases .......................................................................................... 14
3.4.UETCL Energy Sales ................................................................................................... 15
3.4.1.UETCL Energy Sales by ToU ................................................................................... 16
3.5.Transmission Energy Losses....................................................................................... 17
3.6.Staff in Transmission Sagement ............................................................................... 18
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3.7.Transmission Network Assets (Transmission Length, Substations) ....................... 18
4.0.ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION ON THE NATIONAL GRID ........................................... 20
4.1.Introduction ............................................................................................................... 20
4.2.Energy Purchases and Sales by Distribution Utilities ............................................. 20
4.2.1.Energy Sales by Customer Categories ............................................................... 21
4.3.Energy Distribution Losses ........................................................................................ 22
4.3.Energy Losses for UMEME Limited ........................................................................... 23
4.3.2.Energy Losses for Mini-Grids .................................................................................. 24
4.4.Customer Growth ..................................................................................................... 25
4.5.Distribution Network Length .................................................................................... 26
4.6.Staff in the Distribution Segment............................................................................. 27
4.7.Transformation Capacity ......................................................................................... 27
4.8.Key Performance Benchmarks for UMEME LIMITED ............................................. 28
4.9.Key Performance Benchmarks for Mini-Grids ....................................................... 30
5.0.ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION BY OFF-GRIDS ............................. 32
5.1.Introduction ............................................................................................................... 32
5.2.Energy Generation and Sales by the Major Off-Grids ........................................ 32
5.3.Staff, Customers and Distribution Network in Off-Grids ....................................... 34
6.0.TREND OF ESI-RELATED MACRO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES .................................... 35
6.1.Introduction ............................................................................................................... 35
6.2.Crude Oil Prices ......................................................................................................... 35
6.3.Inflation ....................................................................................................................... 36
6.4.Consumer Price Index (CPI) .................................................................................... 36
6.5.United States Producer Price Index (US PPI) ......................................................... 37
6.6.Exchange Rate.......................................................................................................... 38
7.0.RETAIL TARIFFS ............................................................................................................ 40
7.1.Grid Retail Tariff ......................................................................................................... 40
7.2.Retail Tariffs for Mini-Grid Customers ...................................................................... 41
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ACRONYMS
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UEGCL Uganda Electricity Generation Company Limited
UETCL Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited
UGX Uganda Shilling
US United States
USD United States Dollar
WENRECO West Nile Rural Electrification Company
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Description Page Number
Figure 1 Installed capacity by technology as at the end of December 2018 2
Figure 2 Distribution of Energy generated over years by utilities on national grid 5
by technology (GWh
Figure 3 Energy dispatched by large hydro plants in GWh (2014-2018) 6
Figure 4 Annual generation from small hydro power plants (2015-2018)7 7
Figure 5 Distribution of energy generation from thermal power plants (2014- 8
2018)
Figure 6 Energy dispatch from the solar PV plants on the national grid 8
Figure 7 Generation from bagasse power plants 9
Figure 8 Number of staff in electricity generation segment as at 31st 10
December 2018
Figure 9 Monthly System Peak Demand January 2017 to October 2018 11
Figure 10 Peak electricity demand versus installed generation capacity (MW) 12
Figure 11 Distribution of energy purchased by UETCL (GWh) by technology 13
source
Figure 12 Percentage increase in energy purchases in 2018 as compared to 14
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2017
Figure 13 UETCL energy sales (2014-2018) in GWh 14
Figure 14 Distribution of Energy sold by UETCL during 2018 (GWh) 15
Figure 15 Distribution of UETCL Energy sales by ToU over the years 16
Figure 16 Distribution of UETCL Transmission Losses 18
Figure 17 Employee growth in the transmission segment 17
Figure 18 Transmission Line growth (Kms) 17
Figure 19 Energy sales of distribution by customer categories 20
Figure 20 Distribution Losses (%) 21
Figure 21 UMEME Limited’s Distribution Energy losses 22
Figure 22 Distribution Energy losses in 2018 by service territory 23
Figure 23 Total Customers on the network as at the end of December 2018 23
Figure 24 The Distribution Network Length (In KMS) 24
Figure 25 Employees in the Electricity Distribution Segment 25
Figure 26 Transformation capacity over the years 26
Figure 27 Energy sold by off grids January to September 2018 (in GWh) 29
Figure 28 Distribution of energy sales by customer category 30
Figure 29 OPEC Prices of crude oil on international markets for the period 32
January 2017 to November 2018 (US$/b)
Figure 30 Monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) 33
Figure 31 Monthly movements in the USPPI 34
Figure 32 Exchange Rate Uganda Shilling against US Dollar Movement for 35
November 2016 to November 2018
Figure 33 Quarterly retail Tariffs of customers on the main grid by customer 36
category over the Tariff period 2017 - 2018
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The total Installed Capacity was 984 MW, having increased from 932
MW as at the end of December 2017. About 7.5 MW of the Installed
Capacity was accounted for by Off-Grids that generated and sold
their own electricity.
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technology, 3638.1 GWh (89%) was from Hydro (Large Hydro and Small
Hydropower Plants) with the other technologies contributing 446.4 GWh
(11%).
IV. Transmission
UETCL sells its power to both local distribution utilities and neighbouring
countries (Tanzania, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo).
UETCL sold 3,925.4 GWh in 2018 compared to 3,715.9 GWh sold in 2017,
signifying a 6% increment.
UETCL made most of the energy sales (92%) to Umeme Limited, while
the sales to other distribution utilities and exports constituted about 2%
and 6% respectively. Transmission losses in 2018 were 3.8%.
The total Transmission Network Length as at the end of 2018 was 2,569.8
Kms (220KV = 1,008 Kms; 132KV = 1,526 Kms, 66KV = 35.2 Kms). The
Transmission Line Length increased by 942.9 Kms (58%) compared to
1,626.9 Kms as at the end of 2017 (220KV = 150 Kms; 132KV = 1,441.7
Kms, 66KV = 35.2 Kms) following the construction of the Buseruka
Substation and the Nkenda – Fort Portal - Hoima 220 KV Power Line.
V. Electricity Distribution
The utilities that wheel power over the National Grid purchased 3,685.2
GWh from UETCL during 2018, compared to 3,390.5 GWh in 2017,
signifying a 9% increment. UMEME purchased about 3,601 GWh (98%)
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of the energy sold by UETCL, while the other Distribution Utilities
purchased 84 GWh (2%).
Across all Utilities, about 66% of the Energy Sales were made to
Industrial Customers (Medium Industrial = 16%, Large Industrial = 26%,
Extra Large Industrial = 24%) with sales to Domestic and Commercial
Customers constituting about 22% and 13%, respectively.
Off-Grid Power Plants are not connected to the National Grid, thus they
do not sell energy to UETCL. They generate and sell their energy directly
to Customers.
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WENRECO, the leading Off-Grid, generated and sold about 16.5 GWh
to end users in 2018, whereas Kalangala Infrastructure Services Limited
generated and sold about 1.4 GWh.
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1.0 BACKGROUND
1.1 Introduction
This Performance Report indicates the performance of the ESI for the
period January to December 2018. The information presented is majorly
extracted from the submissions of the Licensees.
1
Note: This does not include Emerging Power Solar PV (10MW) and Isimba (183MW) and which attained the
Commercial Dates of Operations in February 2019 and March 2019 respectively
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Of the total Installed Capacity, 7.5MW is for Off-Grid generation. The list
of licensed Power Plants in Uganda is presented in Table 1.
Figure 2: Grid and Off-Grid distribution of Installed Generation Capacity as at the end of December 2018
Table 1 shows the list of the Licensed Power Generation Plants as at the
end of December 2018. All small Hydropower Plants (SHPPs), Thermal
Power Plants, Co-Generation Power Plants and Solar PV in Uganda are
operated by Independent Power Producers (IPPs).
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Kiira and Nalubaale HPPs are owned by Government of Uganda,
currently operated by Eskom Uganda Limited. Bujagali HPP on the
other hand was established as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) by the
Government of Uganda (GoU) and Bujagali Energy Limited (BEL). This
Power Plant is operated by BEL.
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31 Nyagak 1 – WENRECo Hydro OF 3.5
32 Kisiizi Hydro OF 0.4
33 Bwindi Hydro OF 0.1
34 Swam Hydro OF 0.04
35 Kalangala Infrastructure Services Limited Solar OF 0.6
36 Absolute Energy - Kitobo Solar OF 0.2
37 WENRECO - Thermal Thermal OF 1.6
Total 984
KEY: GS=Grid supply; OU=Own Use; OF=Offgrid; OU&GS= Own Use and Grid Supply
The Large Hydropower Plants; Isimba Hydro (183 MW) and Karuma
Hydro Power Plant (600 MW) are expected to be commissioned in
March and August 2019 respectively. Isimba undertook preliminary tests
in December 2018 and the energy dispatched is included in this report.
Table 2: Licensed Power Generation Plants under construction as at the end of December 2018
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2.3 Energy Generated and sold to the National Grid
Figure 3: Distribution of Energy generated over years by utilities on National Grid by Technology
(GWh)
Uganda currently has three Large Hydropower Plants; Kiira & Nalubaale
Hydro Complex (360 MW) and Bujagali HPP (380 MW) operated by
ESKOM (U) Limited and Bujagali Energy Limited respectively.
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The Large Hydropower Plants generated 3,184.5 GWh in 2018,
constituting about 78% of the total energy dispatched during the year.
The energy dispatch from the Large Hydropower Plants in 2018 did not
significantly differ from the 3,173.0 GWh dispatched in 2017 (see
Appendix 1). BEL and Eskom (U) Limited recorded an average Plant
Factor of 75% and 46% respectively in 2018.
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Generation started
start 2018
in 2018
plants
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Figure 6: Distribution of Energy Generation from Thermal Power Plants (2014-2018)
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Figure 7: Energy dispatch from the Solar PV Plants on the National Grid
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Figure 8: Generation from Bagasse Power Plants
2
This does not include Kilembe Mines Limited, Nkusi, Lubilia, Mahoma and the Bagasse power producers.
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Figure 9: Number of staff in Electricity Generation Segment as at 31st December 2018
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3.0 ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION SEGMENT
3.1 Introduction
Figure 10 shows the Peak System Demand and Peak Domestic Demand
for the respective months in the period January 2017 to October 2018.
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Figure 10: Monthly System Peak Demand January 2017 to October 2018
Figure 11: Peak Electricity Demand versus Installed Generation Capacity (MW)
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3.3 UETCL Energy Purchases
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There was a drop in energy purchases from the Large Hydro and
Thermal Power Plants which is greatly attributed to the increase in
energy purchases from cheaper Renewable Sources including Solar
and Small Hydropower Plants.
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Figure 14: UETCL energy sales (2014-2018) in GWh
UETCL made most (92%) of the energy sales in 2018 to UMEME Limited,
while the sales to other local Distribution Utilities and exports constituted
about 2% and 6%, respectively.
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time, should the Load Profile change. At present, there are three time
periods: Peak (the five hours between 18:00 and 23:00), Shoulder (the
thirteen hours between 05:00 and 18:00) and Off-Peak (the six hours
between 23:00 and 05:00).
Figure 16 shows that over the years, about half of the UETCL energy
sales are made during the shoulder time band, with the sales during
peak and off peak averaging 28% and 21% respectively.
Figure 16: Distribution of UETCL Energy Sales by ToU over the years
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Figure 17: Distribution of UETCL Transmission Losses
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The total Transmission Network Length as at the end of 2018 was 2,569.8
Kms (220 kV=1,008 Kms; 132 kV=1,526 Kms, 66 kV=35.2 Kms). The
Transmission Line increased by 942.9 Kms (58%) compared to 1,626.9
Kms at the end of 2017 (220 KV=150 Kms; 132 kV=1,441.7 Kms, 66
kV=35.2 Kms) following the construction of the Buseruka Substation and
the Nkenda-Fort-Portal_Hoima 220 kilo Volt Power Line.
Substations
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4.0 ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION ON THE NATIONAL GRID
4.1 Introduction
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Table 3: Growth in Energy Purchases and Sales of Distribution Utilities
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Figure 20: Energy sales of Distribution Utilities by Customer Categories
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Figure 21: Distribution Losses (%)
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Figure 22: UMEME Limited’s Distribution Energy losses
The overall loss factor for the Mini-Grids increased from 27% in 2017 to
33.4% in 2018, off the Authority set target of 20.68% for the period. By
service territory operated by the Mini-Grids, Figure 23 shows that the
highest energy losses (48.7%) in 2018 were recorded in the North
Western Service Territory (NWST) of UEDCL.
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UEDCL Overall=36.7%
Figure 24: Total Customers on the Network as at the end of December 2018
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By Customer Tariff Structure, Table 4 shows that majority (92%) of the
Customers on the Network are classified as Domestic Customers, with
the other Customer Categories including Commercial, Industrial and
Street Lighting combined constituting about 8%.
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Figure 25: The Distribution Network Length (In KMS)
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Whereas there was an increment in Transformation Capacity in 2018
compared to 2017, these were below the Transformation Capacity
reported in 2016, which was attributed to exclusion of the privately
owned Transformers.
Connections
Customer-related indicators
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Medium Industrial, Large Industrial and Extra-Large Industrial Customer
averagely consumed 3.5 MWh, 182.9MWh, 1.6GWh and 18.3GWh,
respectively in 2018.
Employee-related indicators
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Medium Industries (MWh) 172.0 168.1 164.6 173.2 182.9
Large Industries (GWh) 2.3 2.3 2.4 1.4 1.6
Extra-Large Industries (GWh) 17.0 18.3
Transformation Capacity (kVA) 1,688.7 1,844.1 1,978.3 1,743.6 1,841.8
Total Network Length (KMs) 32,551.1 33,959.8 34,472.2
Customer to Employee Ratio 481.0 597.0 687.0 752.0 840.0
Employee to Energy Sales (MWh) 1,639.0 1,803.0 1,857.0 1,877.0 2,001.0
Employee Cost (Shs) per kWh 28.1 32.5 29.1 30.3 29.4
Km of Network Length per 23.5 23.1 22.9
Employee
Customers per KM of Network 29.2 32.6 36.7
Length
O&M (Shs) per kWh sold 67.2 67.4 64.4 97.0 82.9
O&M (Million. Shs) per KM of 5.1 7.9 7.2
Network Length
Transformation Capacity in kVA per 60.8 51.3 53.4
km
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Table 6: Key Performance Indicators for Mini-Grids in 2018
Customers per Km
Medium Industries
Customer growth
Customers(MWh)
Overall (MWh)
Commercial
(MWh)
(MWh)
(Kwh)
CNST 120.9 84.6 31.6 3.8 2.8 2.1 24.1% 0.7 342.3 13.2 103 3,023
EST 206.3 102.3 33.6 6.1 2.6 2.3 13.5% 0.5 273.9 12.7 4,539
KIL 391.7 159.6 24.8 15.8 6.3 5.3 16.7% 0.4 254.4 8.5 16.2 12,927
MWST 286.5 213.4 85.9 3.3 4.3 2.8 35.3% 0.7 339.1 11.2 56.3 3,725
NEST 133.1 127 27.3 4.9 6.1 3.9 35.9% 1 404 14.3 112 0.2 4,126
NNWST 183.1 128.9 28 6.5 6.8 5.4 20.6% 0.7 396.5 10.7 124 7,689
NWST 255.8 228 29.1 8.8 27.5 14.1 48.6% 0.9 374.9 9.1 79 0.6 15,857
SST 315.4 193.6 31.5 10 9.7 7.2 25.9% 0.6 362 9.1 18.7 11,669
SWST 277.3 168.6 32.4 8.5 8.4 5.4 35.7% 0.6 229.8 6.6 88.7 0.7 8,872
BECS 254.6 69.9 7.9 33.9 3.1 2.4 23.0% 0.3 235 5.9 8,657
PACME 104.9 62.1 20.9 5 2.3 2.1 9.8% 0.6 408.8 9.5 3,567
CS
KRECS 122.2 82.2 13 9.4 4.2 3.1 24.8% 0.7 349 14.5 4,643
Overall 221.6 139.1 27.2 8.2 84.1 56.1 33.3% 0.6 323 9.9 50.8 0.4 89,294
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5.0 ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION BY OFF-GRIDS
5.1 Introduction
Off-Grid Power Plants are not connected to the National Grid, thus they
do not sell energy to Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited.
They generate and sell their energy directly to the Customers.
Nyagak 1 Hydropower Plant operated by West Nile Rural Electrification
Company Limited (WENRECO) and Kalangala Infrastructure Services
(KIS) operated by Kalangala Infrastructure Services Limited are the
largest Off-Grid Power Plants with Installation Capacities of 3.5 MW and
1.6 MW.
There are smaller Off-Grid Plants operated by Kisiizi Hospital Company
Limited, Absolute Energy Limited, Bwindi Community Micro Hydropower
Limited and Pamoja Energy Limited, among other companies. The
performance of these Plants during 2018 is not reported on, as they are
Licence-Exempted companies, with less stringent reporting
requirements.
The energy generation and sales of the leading Off-Grids during 2018
are presented in Figure 28. WENRECO, the leading Off-Grid generated
and sold about 16.5GWh to the End-Users in 2018, whereas Kalangala
Infrastructure Services Limited generated and sold about 1.4GWh to
the End-Users.
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Figure 28: Energy sold by Off-Grids from January to September 2018 (in GWh)
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5.3 Staff, Customers and Distribution Network in Off-Grids
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6.0 TREND OF ESI-RELATED MACRO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
6.1 Introduction
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Figure 30: OPEC Prices of crude oil on the International Market for the period January 2017 to
November 2018 (US$/b)
6.3 Inflation
Inflation is measured by two parameters, the CPI and the US PPI. The
CPI is used to adjust for costs denominated in local currency, while the
US Producer Price Index (PPI) is for adjustment of costs denominated in
the US Dollar currency (US$).
Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures changes in the price level of the
market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by
households. The Tariff Methodology uses core CPI, which by definition
excludes energy and food prices because of their volatile nature. The
CPI used in the Tariff Methodology and presented in this Report (Figure
31) is as published by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS).
The annual Consumer Price Index for the month ending November
2018 was 169.77 compared to 164.15 in November 2017. The annual
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underlying inflation rate reduced from 3.9% in November 2017 to 3.42%
in November 2018.
This measures the average change over time in the selling prices
received by producers for their output. The US PPI is published by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
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Figure 32: Monthly Movements in the USPPI
The last day of the Month’s Mid-Exchange Rate of the Uganda Shilling
(Shs) against the US Dollar (US$) for the Quarterly Tariff Determination
periods between November 2016 and November 2018 is presented in
Figure 2.
The Exchange Rate at the end of November 2018 was Shs 3,728.21/US$
compared to Shs 3,634.92/US$ at the end of November 2017. This
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movement represents a 2.57% depreciation of the Shilling against the
US Dollar at the end of November 2018.
Figure 33: Exchange Rate Uganda Shilling against US Dollar Movement for November 2016 to
November 2018
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7.0 RETAIL TARIFFS
FFigure 34 shows the Grid Tariffs for UMEME Limited and UEDCL by
Customer Category over the Tariff Review Periods in 2017 and 2018.
UMEME Limited and UEDCL operate under the same Tariff Structure as
their services are extended across the same service areas.
The observed fall in the Tariff for the Extra-Large Customer Category
during the Third and Fourth Quarters of 2018 compared to the other
Customer Categories or Tariff Review Periods (FFigure 34) is attributed to
the Bujagali Energy Limited Refinancing which was completed on 19th
July 2018.
During the consultative process, it was agreed that the benefits arising
out of the refinancing of the Bujagali Hydropower Plant are allocated
to the Extra-Large Industrial Consumers through the Fourth Quarter of
2018 and this status quo was maintained for the Extra-Large Industrial
Consumers in the First Quarter of 2019.
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F
Figure 34: Quarterly Retail Tariffs for Customers on the Main Grid by Customer Category over the
Tariff Period 2017 - 2018
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APPENDIX
Appendix 1: Annual Distribution of Energy generated by Power Plants on the National Grid in GWh
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Appendix 2: UETCL Energy Purchases (GWh) for the period 2014 to January - September 2018 by Source
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Appendix 3: Distribution of Energy sold by UETCL for the period 2013 – 2018 in GWh
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