Vaccination Results

IN NEWYORK STATE IN

1914

Being a Study of
Fifty-one Cases with Portraits
and certain conclusions

SECOND EDITION
Third Thousand
 Privately Printed
by
JAMES A. LOYSTER
Cazenovia, N. Y.

of

jCefrris Royster
who Died September 21, 1914
as a sequence of

Vaccination
 Introduction
The object of this pamphlet is to publish the result of a
Painstaking inquiry into the effects of vaccination in the
State of New York in 1914.
My immediate personal interest in the subject is due to
the death of my only son as a result of vaccination.
I have been a believer in and advocate of vaccination. I
Was myself vaccinated in childhood by the arm-to-arm
Method without ill effects. It was in accordance with this
belief and in an honest effort to comply with the law that I
had my son vaccinated. Even his death did not entirely
shake my faith in
the practice, but it led me to make an in-
vestigation of the results of vaccination in New York State
111 1914. Owing to the difficulty of making a canvass in the
great cities, no effort was made to collect statistics in New
York and Buffalo, and but little in Rochester, Syracuse or
Albany. My investigations were, therefore, practically
c °nfined to the rural or semi-rural portions of the
State.
The result has been the gathering of such an appalling
story of death and illness as to completely shatter my belief
ln the wisdom of enforced vaccination.
It should be understood that lam not a physician. This
leaves me free to write with greater frankness in certain
than would be permitted to a doctor by the ethics
°f his profession.
I desire to be understood as seeking nothing but the
c °mmon good of humanity.
In the pages that follow I have
a ttempted to write
without bias as far as is humanly possi-
ble- Only established facts are presented; extravagant
statements have been avoided; in no single instance has a
Quotation been made from an anti-vaccination source. I
have felt that my case is so strong that I could afford to be
generous in my arguments.
The reader is invited to go over the facts as presented
a hd draw his
own conclusions as to the accuracy of the
deductions made.
James A. Loyster.

Cazenovia, N. Y., Jan. 5, 1915.

 Method of Investigation
Five hundred circulars asking for information of fatal
and serious cases were mailed newspapers outside of the
large cities. A printed postal card for reply was enclosed
with each. Two hundred and thirty cards were returned.
The replies gave the names of twenty-seven children who
had died subsequent to vaccination, also the names of nearly
a hundred who had been seriously ill.
In each case a correspondence was entered into with
Parents, physicians or others conversant with the cases, so
that no statements have been accepted without ample verifi-
cation.
The appeal for information met with a ready and sym-
pathetic response with but few exceptions. It is significant,
however, that physicians were reluctant to give details. In
110 single instance was it possible to get information from a
hospital. Four newspapers were silent about cases of which
they must have been fully informed; one deliberately falsi-
fied the facts. One reply was not only unsatisfactory but
discourteous to the verge of insult. Two parents whose
children had died refused any but the most meagre details
lor fear the doctor would make them trouble.”
This newspaper canvass was supplemented by much
fading, by an interchange of lists with other investigators
and by the voluntary submission of names as a result of
Published requests for information. Hundreds of letters
have been exchanged. Of those received a very large pro-
portion contain expressions of bitter denunciation of the
compulsory vaccination law. Many of them are pathetic in
the extreme. In several localities the feeling is almost in-
surrectionary in its intensity.
 CASE No. 1

Olive Cramer

OLIVE CRAMER, daughter of Fred Cramer, 22 E. State

St., Gloversville, N. Y.
Age 15.
Vaccinated July 28 with vaccine “E”.
Commenced to complain Aug. 24, —27 days from vaccina-
tion.
Died Aug. 27.
Diagnosis, “Tetanus following Vaccination.”
This young woman’s health prior to vaccination is reported to
have been “one hundred per cent perfect.” She commenced to
complain Aug. 24, and was stricken with convulsions Aug. 26.
Death occurred at 11:15 p. m., on August 27. She was conscious
all the time except the last few hours. Jaws were locked and
breathing labored. A brother vaccinated with the same tube of
vaccine was so ill as to require an operation. See Case No. 48.

6
 CASE No. 2

Frederick W. Bohmwetch

Frederick w. bohmwetch, son of F. J. Bohmwetch,

308 Eighth St., Watkins, N. Y.
Age 10.
Vaccinated Aug. 5.
Commenced to complain Aug. 29,—24 days after vaccina-
tion.
Fied Sept. 2.
diagnosis, “Tetanus.”
Complained first of stiff neck and arm. Aug. 30 diagnosed as
lock-jaw. Three thousand units anti-toxin administered. Grew
rapidly worse. Convulsions appeared at 3a. m., Aug. 31. At 9
a. m., 10,000 units anti-toxin administered; again at 9 p. m.
Head and back drawn back so that three pillows were necessary
under small of back. More anti-toxin administered Sept. 1.
Unconscious at noon. Died Sept. 2.

7
 CASE No. 3

Reginald Sidney Sumsion

REGINALD SIDNEY SUMSION, only son of Geo. Sumsion,

Gloversville, N. Y.
Age 12.
Vaccinated Aug. 11 with vaccine “E”.
Died Sept. 11.
Diagnosis, “Tetanus.”
This boy was “splendidly healthy.” Never sick except with usual
children’s diseases, until vaccinated. First complained that the
back of his neck and jaw were stiff. On the 7th could not walk.
Convulsions appeared. Anti-toxin administered. Removed to
hospital. Convulsions continued very severe. Chloroform ad-
ministered. Convulsions continued through the 7th and Bth.
Very weak on afternoon of 9th. Oxygen administered at 6p. m-
Died 6:45 a. m., Sept. 11. No abrasion of any kind found on
body except vaccination wound.

8
 CASE No. 4

Robert O’NEIL, son of Robert O’Neil, East Aurora, N. Y.

Age 8.
Vaccinated Aug. 24 with vaccine “E”.
Commenced to complain Sept. 10,—17 days from vaccina-
tion.
D ied Sept. 18.
diagnosis, “Tetanus following Vaccination.”
This boy’s case is described at length by Elbert Hubbard in the
October Philistine. He was in good health until vaccinated. He
commenced to complain of lock-jaw Sept. 10. Convulsions ap-
peared Sept. 15th. Death occurred Sept. 18th. He was not un-
conscious until the last day of his life. Jaws were rigid. The
doctor asserts that cause of death was “infection caused by care-
lessness of parents.”

CASE No. 5

CLAYTON HART, son of

Chauncey Hart, West
Kendall, N. Y.
Age 18.
Vaccinated Aug. 24, vac-
cine “H”.
Commenced to complain
Sept. 14 (21 days).
Died Sept. 21
Diagnosed as “Tetanus.”

Clayton Hart

Patient was taken with diarrhoea Sept. 14. Doctor called Sept.
17. Much worse Sept. 18. Anti-toxin administered. Unable to
swallow 19th. Walked stooped over, face drawn sidewise. Con-
vulsions commencing in “small of back.” Became delirious after-
noon of the 20th. Chloroform administered. Convulsive move-
ment lower jaw on 20th. Death at 6:57 a. m. 21st.

9
 CASE No. 6
JAMES BOWEN, son of
Walter Bowen, No. 67
Middle St., Ballston
Springs, N. Y.
Age 6.
Vaccinated Sept. 3, vaccine
“H”.
Commenced to complain
Sept. 25, —22 days from
vaccination.
Died Sept. 25.
James Bowen
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
This little boy was one of five children for none of whom
a doctor
had ever been called since birth. He was found rigid in the
morning of Sept. 25. His case was diagnosed as lock-jaw.
45.000 units of anti-toxin were administered. At 8:30 p. m.
30.000 units more were administered. Death occurred at 11:30
p. m. the same day.

CASE No. 7

FREDERICK STINE-
FOOT, only son of Wil-
liam H. Stinefoot, No.
226 Mullett St., Dunkirk,
N. Y.
Age 10.
Vaccinated Sept. 22.
Commenced to complain
Oct. 5, —20 days from
vaccination.
Died Oct. 13.
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
This child was in splendid
health. The night before he
was stricken he was feeling
especially well. On Monday
morning his neck was stiff
and shoulders all drawn up.
Frederick Stinefoot Dr. Hallenbeck was called
but he insisted that the fam-
ily physician be employed. He was out and Dr. Ellis, the health
officer, was called. The case was diagnosed as tetanus. Convul-
sions appeared at 6 o’clock. No serum was available until Tues-
day, Oct. 6, about 10 a. m. A quantity injected intra-spinously.
Removed to Brooks Hospital, Dunkirk, about 4 p. m. same day
and died fifteen minutes after admission.
10
 CASE No. 8

JAMES LOUIS MURRAY,

son of James T. Murray,
Glen Cove, L. I.
Age 6.
Vaccinated Sept. 15, vac-
cine “H”.
Commenced to complain
Oct. 3,—18 days from
vaccination.
Died Oct. 10.
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
This child had no prolonged
period of unconsciousness.
He had convulsions and other
typical symptoms of tetanus.
His health is reported good
prior to vaccination.

James Louis Murray

CASE No. 9

KUBY SARA LILLIS,

daughter of I. B. Lillis,
Mexico, N. Y.
Age 9.
Vaccinated Sept. 16, vac
cine “H”.
Commenced to complain
Oct. 8, —22 days from
vaccination.
Died Oct. 14.
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
This little girl is reported
to have been in excellent
health until vaccinated.
She first complained of
sore throat on Oct. 8. Con-
vulsions on Oct. 9. Jaws
locked. Unconscious about Ruby Sara Lillis
three days. Vaccination
wound a large, deep unhealed ulcer. Lumbar puncture disclosed
clear fluid in spinal column. Ten thousand units tetanus anti-
toxin injected subcutaneously without beneficial results.
11
 CASE No. 10.
NINA LAWRENCE, daughter of M. D. Lawrence, Accord,
Ulster County, N. Y.
Age 11.
Vaccinated Oct. 7, vaccine “J”.
Commenced to complain Nov. 1 (25 days).
Died Nov. 5.
Diagnosed as “Tetanus.”
This was a plain case of tetanus, concerning which there seems
to be no difference of opinion among the attending physicians.

CASE No. 11
CHESTER WATERS, son of Richard C. W. Waters, 4913
Church St., Flatbush, L, I.
Age 6.
Vaccinated Oct. 16, vaccine “J”.
Commenced to complain Nov. 12,—about 27 days from vac
cination.
Died Nov. 15.
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
The parents of this child have not replied to either of two let-
ters of inquiry. Data obtained from an interview with the
father printed in the New York World. He is described as “a
strong healthy boy.” The first unfavorable symptom was a con-
vulsion on Nov. 12. He was taken to the Kings County Hospital
and died there.

CASE No. 12
RALPH S. OTIS, son of W. B. Otis, Jay, Essex County,
N. Y.
Age 6.
Vaccinated Aug. 13 with vaccine “H”,
Taken sick Sept. 1,—19 days from vaccination.
Recovered.
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
This child commenced to complain on date stated. Convulsions
appeared Sept. 13. He was not unconscious at any time. Had
“lock-jaw.” Lungs were more or less filled with mucous and
breathing labored. Case was diagnosed as tetanus by the at-
tending physician.

12
 CASE No. 13
EDWARD KUHN, son of Peter Kuhn, 311 South St., Wat-
kins, N. Y.
Age 14.
Vaccinated Aug. 21.
Taken seriously ill Sept. 12,—22 days from vaccination.
Recovered.
Diagnosis, “Tetanus following Vaccination.”
This childwas taken with chills, followed by a sore feeling in the
jaws. Soon became very ill. Had convulsions and biting of the
tongue for three days. The attending physicians gave the par-
ents no hope for recovery. Anti-toxin was injected in spine.
Temperature ranged from 99 to 102. His condition was ex-
tremely critical for two weeks. Is making a slow recovery.

CASE No. 14
WILLIAM DRESSETT, son of Wm. Dressett, Cobleskill
Age 13.
Dateof vaccination not given.
Recovered.
Tetanus.
This is from all reports a plain case of tetanus. The patient was
treated at a hospital in Albany, and for a time no hope was
entertained of his recovery. At last accounts his convalescence
was expected to take a year’s time.

CASE No. 15

Edwin Fitzpatrick, son of Mrs. M. Fitzpatrick, Paw-

ling, N. Y.
Age 11.
Vaccinated Sept. 7, vaccine “H”.
Commenced to complain Sept. 30, —23 days after vaccina-
tion.
Recovered
Diagnosis, “Tetanus.”
This boy’s arm had entirely healed. Complained of jaws being
stiff on Sept. 30. On Oct. 3 became worse. On Oct. 5 was taken
to Roosevelt Hospital, arriving at 7:30 p. m. Eleven thousand
five hundred units of anti-toxin were immediately injected into
arm and spine. Vaccination wound was cut out and sterilized.
Fifteen hundred units anti-toxin injected in arm. Received in
all a total of 26,500 units. Made a good recovery.
13
 CASE No. 16

LAURA JACKSON, daughter of Mrs. Bessie Holmes, Che-

nango Forks, N. Y.
Age 16.
Vaccinated Aug. 10
Taken seriously ill on Sept. 5 (26 days).
Diagnosis, “Tetanus.”
Recovered.
This young woman submitted to vaccination in order to enter
one of the schools in Binghamton. She developed tetanus, and
was critically ill in a Binghamton hospital for some time, but
finally recovered sufficiently to return home. The case was one
of the earlier ones and attracted much attention. It was at first
thought the trouble was due to a bad tooth, but the mother re-
ports her teeth to be in perfect condition.

CASE No. 17

IVA DILLENBECK
daughter of Ellis Dillen-
beck, 103 Biglow St.,
Binghamton, N. Y.
Age 14 years 9 months
Vaccinated July 23, vaccine
“F”.
Commenced to complain
Aug, 7, —15 days after
vaccination.
Died Aug. 10.
First diagnosed “Appendi-
citis.”
Subsequent “Cerebro-spinal
Meningitis.”
Iva Dillenbeck

This girl was first taken with an apparent digestive disturbance,

which was later diagnosed as appendicitis. Patient removed to
hospital for operation. At hospital diagnosed as cerebro-spinal
meningitis. There were no convulsions, and no unconsciousness.
Paralysis of the throat was a prominent symptom.
14
 GENERAL —ALL COUNTIES,
ISeven folios.]

LAWS OF NEW YORK.—By Authority.

Ctia.p. 133.
ACT to amend the public health law, in relation to vaccina-
tion.
became a law March 30, 1915, with the approval of the Governor. Passed,
three-fifths being present.

The People of the State New York, represented in Senate

an d Assembly, do enact as of
follows:
Section 1. Sections three hundred and ten and three hundred
ari d eleven of chapter forty-nine of the laws of nineteen hundred
aiid
nine, entitled “An act in relation to the public health, con-
shtuting chapter forty-five of the consolidated laws,” are hereby
a uiended to
read, respectively, as follows:
§ 310. Vaccination of school children. 1, A child or person not
accinated shall not be received into a school in
admitted or
a city of the first or board, officers or other
second class. The
Person having the charge, management or control of such school
cause this provision of law to be enforced. The board of
ealth or other board, commission or officers of such city having

vJurisdiction
of the enforcement of the chapter therein shall pro-
at the expense of the city for the vaccination of all pupils
s uch school whose parents or guardian do not provide vaccina-
tion for them.
2. Whenever smallpox exists in any other city or school district,
0r m the vicinity
thereof, and the state commissioner of health
stall certify in writing to the school authorities in charge of any
school or schools in such city or district, it shall become the duty
such school authorities to exclude from such schools every child
0r person who does not furnish a certificate from a duly licensed
Physician to the effect that he has successfully vaccinated such
cnild or person with vaccine virus in the usual manner or that such
c uild or person
shows evidence by scar of a successful previous
Vaccination. Whenever school authorities having the charge, man-
cement and control of schools in a district or city cause this pro-
vision of law to be enforced, the local board of health shall provide
0r the
vaccination of all children whose parents or guardian do
*°t provide such vaccination.
 CASE No. 19

BELLE HINMAN, daugh-

ter of Prof. M. C. Hin-
man, Tully, N. Y,
Age 7.
Vaccinated July 25, vac-
cine “H”.
Commenced to complain
Aug. 7, —12 days from
vaccination.
Died Aug. 10,
First diagnosis, “Acute In
digestion,”
Final diagnosis, “Cerebro
spinal Meningitis.”
This little girl was also in
perfect health and unusually
well developed for age, both
physically and mentally. She
complained of feeling ill ori
Aug. 7 with symptoms indi-
cating a digestive disturb-
ance. The physician
local
called it acute indigestion.
She soon lapsed into uncon-
sciousness and never rallied.
Expert counsel was called
and case pronounced cerebro-
spinal meningitis. A lumbar
puncture disclosed in spinal
column a clear fluid under
normal pressure. Cultures
were sterile; intra-spinous in-
jection of the Flexner serum
without beneficial effects.
Paralysis was extensive, in-
volving the throat; breathing
labored and death due to re-
spiratory insufficiency. Tem-
perature elevated during en-
tire illness. All symptoms
were so exactly parallel to Belle Hinman
those of cases 24 and 25 as to
warrant the suspicion that
this, too, was infantile par-
alysis.

16
 CASE No. 20

James C. Churchill

JAMES C. CHURCHILL, son of Carl F. Churchill, Dolge-

ville, N. Y.
Age 5 years 9 months
Vaccinated about Feb. 12, vaccine “H”.
Commenced to complain in a few days.
Died July 23.
Diagnosed “cerebro-spinal meningitis.”
This boy had good health until he was vaccinated. He com-
menced to complain in a few days and was never well after-
wards. He was unconscious for 10 days before death. Right
side paralyzed. Compare with cases 19, 24, 25.

17
 CASE No. 21
ANNETTE E. PALMAN-
TEER, daughter of Geo.
Palmanteer, R. D. No. 4,
Cohocton, Steuben Co.,
N. Y.
Age 121/2-
Vaccinated “in August.”
Died Oct. 1.
Diagnosis, “Anaemia and
other complications.”
This case is the only one
in the entire number re-
ported where the patient
had not enjoyed good
health. She had been
“ailing” for two years, but
for the past few months
prior to vaccination had
been much improved. She
had, according to the phy-
sician, “rheumatism of the Annette E. Palmanteer
neck.” Her temperature
reached 105 and she was unconscious for quite a period.
“Breathing was very hard.” The high temperature, evident
paralysis of the throat and labored breathing are suspiciously
like the infantile paralysis cases in which the diagnosis is certain.

CASE No. 22
TERESA DOYLE, daugh-
ter of Moses Doyle, Cum-
mings St., Hoosick Falls.
Age 16.
Vaccinated Aug. 18, vac-
cine “G”.
Commenced to complain
Aug. 24,—11 days from
vaccination.
Died Aug. 28.
Diagnosed first as “Tonsil-
itis,” afterward as
“Bright’s Disease.”
Health reported good. “Never
Teresa Doyle better.” Was taken sick Au-
gust 24. Convulsions Aug.
27. Only lost consciousness for the last 24 hours. Throat para-
lyzed. Lungs filled with mucous and breathing labored. No
analysis of urine reported in confirmation of diagnosis of
Bright’s disease. Comparison with other cases in this list war-
rants the suspicion that this was also a case of infantile para-
lysis.
18
 CASE No. 23

MARION MARGUERITE MILLER, daughter of Calvin S.

Miller, Millerton, Dutchess County.
Age 814 years.
Vaccinated Aug. 24, vaccine “H”.
Commenced to complain “in about a week.”
Died Sept. 22.
Diagnosis, “Peritonitis.”
This case is clearly not tetanus. There is a lack of reliable
data. She was unconscious just before death. The throat was
paralyzed. Lungs filled with mucous so that breathing was
very labored. Suspiciously like cases 19, 24 and 25.

CASE No. 24

WILBUR DOYLE, son of

Ivan Doyle, New Wood-
stock, Madison County,
N. Y.
Age 8.
Vaccinated Aug. 28, vac-
cine “E”.
Commenced to complain
Sept. 9,—11 days from
vaccination.
Died Sept. 14.
Diagnosis, “Infantile Par-
alysis.”

Wilbur Doyle

This boy became unconscious Sept. 9. Temperature nearly 106.

Kidneys involved; necessary to use catheter. Temperature
dropped to about normal for few hours. General paralysis ap-
peared. Throat paralyzed Sept. 13. Could not swallow. Tem-
perature again became extremely high, reaching 107.4 rectal at
3 a. m. on the 13th. Remained unconscious until death, which
occurred at 10 :35 p. m. Sept. 14.
19
 CASE No. 25

Lewis Freeborn Loyster

LEWIS FREEBORN LOYSTER, son of James A. Loyster,
Cazenovia, N. Y.
Age 11.
Vaccinated Aug. 29, vaccine “E”.
Commenced to complain Sept. 10,—11 days from vaccina
tion.
Died Sept. 21.
Diagnosed “Infantile Paralysis.”
This boy was the picture of health. To quote the attending
physician he was “a splendid specimen” physically. On the
night of Sept. 10th he had a bad headache. The next morning
at six was no better. At ten he was found by his mother un-
conscious. He was very constipated and slightly nauseated.
Vomited once. Examination of urine showed indican in con-
siderable quantities. The initial diagnosis was acute indiges-
tion. Blood examined and found normal except for an excess
of white corpuscles, explained as a natural sequence of vacci-
nation. Unconsciousness continued. On Sept. 13 lumbar punc-
ture made. Fluid from spinal cord not under pressure; per-
fectly transparent, subject to microscopic and culture tests;
proved absolutely sterile. Case diagnosed as infantile paralysis
of the cerebral type. Temperature very high, ranging from
104 to 106 rectal. About Sept. 14 throat became paralyzed.
For five days could not swallow a drop. Food administered
through rectum; medicine hypodermically. Paralysis of right
leg and arm appeared about Sept. 17. Lungs filled with thick
mucous. Respiration labored. Slight cyanosis. Small amount
of oxygen administered continually after Sept. 16. Death oc-
curred at 10:10 p. m. on Sept. 21st from paralysis of respiratory
muscles. Temperature about 107 at death. Microscopic exami-
nation of spinal cord after death confirmed diagnosis as infan-
tile paralysis.
 CASE No. 26.
ANDREW FEDICK, son of Jacob Fedick, Ellicottville, Cat-
taraugus County, N. Y.
Age 13.
Vaccinated.
Commenced to complain Sept. 15.
Died Sept. 19.
Diagnosed
This boy had apparently recovered from the vaccination and
went on Monday, Sept. 14, to Ellicottville to obtain his vacci-
nation certificate. Tuesday, the 15th, he did not feel well. Wed-
nesday, the 16th, he was taken suddenly ill “and from that time
on never spoke a word.” Grew steadily worse until Saturday,
Sept. 19, when death supervened, about 5 p. m. Compare with
case No. 25.

CASE No. 27

RUTH A. MINNICK,
daughter of S. V. Min-
nick, R. D. No. 2, Car-
thage, N. Y.
Age 101/2 .

Vaccinated Sept. 22
Commenced to complain
Oct. 2, —10 days from
vaccination.
Died Oct. 10.
Diagnosis, “Infantile Par-
alysis.’'

Ruth A. Minnick

This little girl’s health was perfect. She and her older brother,
age 13, were vaccinated on the same day. Both became ill, the
little girl critically so. She had no convulsions; was uncon-
scious four days; her throat was paralyzed. Death occurred as
stated. The boy was “very sick” with symptoms “much like
the girl,” but recovered.
21
 CASE No. 28
HOBART MINNICK, son of S. V. Minnick, R. D. No. 2,
Carthage.
Vaccinated Sept. 22,
Commenced to complain Oct. 2 (10 days)
Recovered.
This boy, age 13, brother of Ruth Minnick,was vaccinated from
same capsule as sister who died; was very sick with symptoms
“about like the girl,” but recovered with no serious conse-
quences. It appears almost certain that this was what may be
called an “abortive” or “arrested” case of infantile paralysis.
The fact that he was vaccinated simultaneously with his sister,
who died of a transparent case of infantile paralysis, is strong
presumptive evidence of a common origin of the two cases in the
vaccine. Cumulative evidence of this common origin in the
virus, and of the possibility of transmitting infantile paralysis
by means of the vaccine abrasion, is found in a third case in the
same house, as follows:

CASE No. 29
CHARLES S. MINNICK, son of S. V. Minnick, Carthage,
N. Y.
Age 6,
Vaccinated Oct. 6.
Commenced to complain Oct. 16,—10 days from vaccination.
Recovered.
Diagnosis, “Vaccination.”
The first unfavorable symptom was kidney trouble. He was
unconscious and helpless for two weeks. Breathing labored.
Is recovering slightly crippled. This also seems to be a trans-
parent case of infantile paralysis. These three cases in the
same house, with identical symptoms, following vaccination in
exactly the same period of time, furnish the most damaging evi-
dence against vaccine that has been brought to light in the pres-
ent investigation.

CASE No. 80
daughter of Mrs. A. T. Smith, Tully, N. Y.
Age 8.
Vaccinated Aug. 15 by same physician as Case No. 19.
Commenced to complain Aug. 23,—8 days from vaccination.
Recovered.
Diagnosed as “Saint Vitus Dance.”
This child was not unconscious, nor were there any symptoms
of lock-jaw. She was stricken with fainting spells. Convulsive
22
 motions of left arm and later of the face appeared. Became so
bad she could not walk or talk, and “could not use her arm at
all.” Was very bad for three weeks. Has now recovered with
no residual paralysis. Compare above case with No. 31.

CASE No. 31
daughter of J. R. French, Cortland, N. Y.
,

Vaccinated about Sept. 1 (year not stated).

Commenced to complain in a few days.
Taken seriously ill in November.
Recovered.
This child became very much run down and finally became
completely prostrated. The disease was called Saint Vitus’
dance. For two weeks she was absolutely helpless and could
not speak or swallow. Nourishment was by enema. She
finally recovered. Compare this case with No. 30.

CASE No. 32
DOROTHY I. GILBERT, daughter of Richard Gilbert,
Athens, N. Y.
Vaccinated in 1899 at age of 4.
Taken sick in about a week.
Recovered, with residual paralysis
Diagnosis,
,

This young woman is now perfectly healthy and well developed

with the exception of the lower limbs, which are entirely para-
lyzed. She was stricken a few days after vaccination and was
soon entirely paralyzed. She remained in that condition two
weeks. Was altogether helpless two years. Ultimately recov-
ered the use of her arms. She never lost the sense of feeling,
but was and is extremely sensitive to the touch. Compare with
case 33.

CASE No. 33
,
daughter of E. Van Schaak, Athens, N. Y.
Vaccinated in 1899 at age of 7.
Taken sick “in about a week.”
Recovered, with residual paralysis.
Diagnosis, “Gastric Fever.”
This young woman is now 22 years of age and in perfect health
with the exception of one arm and hand, which are hopelessly
paralyzed. She was vaccinated when seven years of age. In
about a week she was stricken with a high fever, which was
called “gastric fever” by the attending physician. She was
unconscious most of the time. In a few days had no use of one
arm and one leg. Has recovered with the exception of the
paralysis of one arm and hand. Compare with case 32.
23
 CASE No. 34

Charlotte McArthur

CHARLOTTE McARTHUR, daughter of Charles McAr-

thur, Millerton, N. Y.
Age 11.
Vaccinated Sept. 7
Taken sick “in a few days.”
Recovered.
This little girl was vaccinated at the same time as her brother,
Case No. 36. She was broken out with eruptions all over her
body. The description of her case is the same as that of her
brother, except that in addition it was necessary to use extreme
measures, including excision of the vaccination wound, to save
amputation.

CASE No. 35
daughter of F. R. Gilman, Rhinebeck, N. Y.
•,

Age 14.
Date of vaccination not reported.
Recovered.
This girl’s arm swelled very badly and sores broke out on both
arms and different parts of the body. The worst was on her
head. The eruption seemed to be the same as the vaccine vesicle.
At the time of the report, Dec. 6, there was only slight improve-
ment, and the best hope held out by the physician was a slow
recovery.
24
 CASE No. 36

Charles McArthur

CHARLES McARTHUR, Jr., son of Charles McArthur,

Millerton, N. Y.
Age 9.
Vaccinated Sept, 7.
Taken sick “in a few days.”
Recovered,
Diagnosis,
This boy and his sister were vaccinated on the same day. They
“have not seen a well day since.” They were very healthy be-
fore vaccination. Both had swollen blotches all over their
bodies. Arms would not heal and had not healed entirely at
time of making the report. Both had a serious disturbance of
the digestive functions.

CASE No. 37

ISABELLE HILL, North Fair Haven, N. Y.

The parents in this case ignore letters of inquiry so that no
exact details can be secured. According to the newspaper re-
port, she was seriously ill with “boils all over her body.”
25
 CASE No. 38
MILLER, Napanoch, N. Y.
Nothing except newspaper report available about the case of
this boy. The newspaper item says that “the arm is eaten to
the bone, and he is broken out with sores all over,”

CASE No. 39
MILDRED CATES, daughter of Addison Cates, Fernwood,
Oswego County, N. Y.
Vaccinated Sept. 23, vaccine “H”.
Commenced to complain Oct. 11 (18 days).
Died Oct. 14,
The parents are very reticent as to the details of this girl’s
sickness “for fear the doctor would not like it.” About the only
facts obtainable are that the “arm never scabbed over, was very
bad all the time,” and that there was hemorrhage of the stom-
ach for two days before death. Autopsy showed red spot two
inches in diameter in stomach.

CASE No. 40
GEORGE OTTO STAUB, son of Jacob Staub, Livonia,
N. Y.
Age 141/2 .

Vaccinated Aug. 27
Taken sick Sept. 4, —8 days from vaccination.
Recovered.
Diagnosis, “Typhoid Fever.”
This boy’s vaccination did not “take” well. First complained of
pain in stomach. Became very ill. Had four physicians, and
finally removed him to a hospital. He returned convalescent,
but “a mere skeleton.” Is ordered to sleep out of doors in tent
all winter.

CASE No. 41
LOUISE E. RILEY, daughter of Mrs. Frank Riley, Milford,
N. Y.
Age 11.
Vaccinated Aug. 8.
Taken sick Sept. 3, —26 days from vaccination
Recovered.
Diagnosis, “Gastric Fever.”
This girl was taken sick on Thursday morning, Sept. 3, with a
high fever. The temperature reached 104 at times. Diarrhoea
26
 was a prominent symptom at the outset. She had no headache,
but nauseated all the time. Was delirious one day. No paraly-
sis of the throat or “lock-jaw.” Breathing not labored.

CASE No. 42
LUCY HOLLAND, daughter of Charles Rolland, 38 Thomp-
son Ave., Gloversville, N. Y.
Age 12.
Vaccinated Aug. 27.
Commenced to complain in 3 or 4 weeks
Recovered.
This child became ill with a high fever. The symptoms re-
ported by the parents indicate this to be one of the cases where
the trouble was in the gastro-intestinal tract. It was diagnosed
as “scarlet fever,” and the house quarantined. It is, however,
significant that there are five other children in the family, none
of whom contracted the disease. None of them were vaccinated.

CASE No. 43
LINA WOLKOW, child of Jos. Wolkow, 10 Fox St., Glovers-
ville, N. Y.
Age 6.
Vaccinated Aug. 15.
Diagnosed as “Scarlet Fever.”
Recovered.
This case was first called “blood poison.” Later the diagnosis
was changed to scarlet fever, and a four-weeks’ quarantine im-
posed. The physicians who saw this case do not agree. At
least one of them pronounced it to be solely the result of vacci-
nation. The child commenced to complain very soon after vac-
cination. There was quite a period of unconsciousness. The
vaccinated arm was paralyzed for some time. The mother and
other children slept in same bed and none of them contracted
scarlet fever.

CASE No. 44
Name and address withheld by request of patient.
Age 20.
Vaccinated second week of February, 1914.
Became ill in a few days.
Recovered.
This is another of the cases in which the trouble was in the
gastro-intestinal tract. The first symptom was loss of appetite.
Stomach would retain nothing. Became very weak and ema-
ciated. Symptoms of heart weakness developed later. The pa-
tient’s condition remained precarious for months. He is now
recovering, but is still far from well.
27
 CASE No. 45

ROBERT M. CRAM, only son of Mrs. Lucy M. Cram, Keene,

Essex County, N. Y.
Age 141/2.
Vaccinated Sept. 21 with vaccine “G”.
Died Nov, 8.
This boy is reported to have been perfectly healthy. Was taken
about two weeks after vaccination with chills and nausea. Then
with diarrhoea. Temperature at this time 102. Chills or con-
vulsions continuing more severe. Began to turn yellow. The
case was then diagnosed as blood poisoning. Throat very bad.
Could swallow nothing but milk or water. Became delirious.
Breathing very labored and unable to speak. Was unconscious
only a few hours before heath.

CASE No. 46
WALTER ADELBERT ZITTLE, son of Fred Zittle, Stry
kerville, N. Y.
Age BY2 years.
Vaccinated Aug. 25.
Commenced to complain Sept. 28
Died Sept. 29.
A short, sharp case of tetanus

CASE No. 47

EVELYN BEATRICE
HALL, daughter of Fred-
erick Hall, Milnor Ave.,
Lackawanna, N. Y.
Age 51/2.
Vaccinated March 5, 1914,
vaccine “H”.
Commenced to complain
March 12,—7 days from
vaccination.
Died March 80.

Evelyn Beatrice Hall

This child had a history of severe scarlet fever in December,
1912. She had apparently made a perfect recovery, and was
28
 unusually lively, vivacious, and bright. She first complained of
a sore foot. The case was diagnosed as “acute rheumatism
affecting the heart.” There was apparent valvular heart
trouble; temperature was very high—los. No symptoms of
tetanus or infantile paralysis. Death occurred at a Buffalo
hospital. The father does not believe that death was due to
vaccination.

CASE No. 48

CRAMER, son of Fred Cramer, Gloversville, N. Y.

Age not stated.
Vaccinated July 28, vaccine “E”
This boy is a brother of Olive Cramer, who died Aug. 27, as
reported in case No. 1. He was vaccinated with the same cap-
sule as his sister. He was seriously ill. An abscess of the
thumb developed which necessitated a surgical operation to
check.

CASE No. 49

KATHLEEN PALMER, daughter of James Palmer, Ca-

millas, N. Y., R. F, D,
V accinated Sept. 28, vaccine “E” or “H”.
Commenced to complain Oct. B—lo days.
Died Oct. 17.
Diagnosis, “Meningitis.”
This little girl’s home, although under a country address, was
just outside the city limits of Syracuse. She complained of a
headache Oct. 8, ten days from vaccination. On Oct. 10 she
became unconscious and lingered in that condition for a week,
dying on Oct. 17. Temperature 108 axilla. This case is almost
exactly the same in all the symptoms as cases 19, 24 and 25, and
with them forms a quartet of cases within a circle 20 miles in
diameter. The incubation period in the four cases is, respec-
tively, 10, 11, 12 and 10 days.

29
 CASE No. 50

Walter James Welch

WALTER JAMES WELCH, son of Joseph F. Welch, 260

Cortland Ave., Syracuse, N. Y.
Age 5.
Vaccinated Sept. 9 with vaccine “H”.
Recovering.
Diagnosed “Mysterious Case,” afterwards “Vaccination”.
This little fellow had always been in excellent health. The
mother says he was never the same after vaccination; had no
appetite, pale, irritable, did not sleep well. Vaccination wound
healed over very quickly with scarcely any discharge. Was
taken very sick Nov. 9, complaining of pain in leg and knee.
Suffered untold agonies for nine days. Was then taken to the
hospital and operated upon; an abscess was found back of the
knee. The doctors said it was a mysterious case, “looked like
bone trouble”. Child did not seem to get along as well as ex-
pected. Cultures were taken which showed an infection, “caused
by vaccination or otherwise”. An X-ray picture showed some
bone trouble. The child was then taken to Rochester, Minn.,
where a second operation was performed by the famous surgeons
Drs. Mayo, who state after operating that vaccine was found in
the leg,—thus proving beyond a doubt that vaccination was the
cause of the trouble. The child is still under the care of Drs.
Mayo, who say that he will recover, but it will take a long time.

Note Cases Nos. 50 and 51 have been received since the compiling of
the pamphlet, and have not been reviewed.
30
 CASE No. 51

John Herbert Bacon

JOHN HERBERT BACON, son of Homer B. Bacon, Mas-

sena, N. Y.
Age 7.
Vaccinated Aug. 27 with vaccine “H”.
Commenced to complain Sept. 18,—21 days after vaccina
tion.
Died Sept. 22.
Diagnosed “Tetanus.”
The father describes this boy as “never sick,” perfectly healthy
prior to vaccination. He was first taken with convulsions Sept.
18. Local doctors were called and diagnosed the case as spinal
meningitis, and advised that he be taken to the hospital. He was
taken to the City Hospital at Ogdensburg, where the case was at
once diagnosed as tetanus. Anti-toxin administered. Was not
able to swallow. Treatment given through rectum. Appeared
some better on the 21st, and treatment was ordered to be given
through the mouth. Convulsions again began so severe that at
the last he was nearly drawn out of shape, and almost perfectly
rigid. Was not unconscious at any time. Death occurred at 8
a. m. Sept. 22nd.
31
 The Cases Reviewed
We believe that no unprejudiced person can read the
foregoing list of cases and escape the conclusion that vac-
cination is in some way, possibly not well understood, re-
sponsible for most of the fatalities and illnesses there
recorded. It matters but little to the dead children or their
stricken parents whether the germs of disease were intro-
duced with the vaccine virus, or subsequently through the
open vaccine wound. The awful fact remains that had none
of them been vaccinated all would probably have remained
alive and in good health.
It will be noted that a large proportion of the cases seem
to fall into one or the other of two distinct groups. In one
of these, embracing cases number 1 to 16, the incubation
period is generally 20 to 24 days. The illness is short and
extremely severe, death resulting in three or four days, with
symptoms positively identifying the disease as tetanus, or
as it is commonly called, “lockjaw.”
In the other group, embracing cases number 17, 18, 19,
20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 and 49, the period of
incubation is much shorter, generally about 10 to 12 days.
The illness is of longer duration and the symptoms are more
obscure. There is usually a period of unconsciousness last-
ing from a week to ten days or even more. More or less
paralysis is present, the temperature is very high, and the
lungs fill with mucous, death resulting from respiratory in-
sufficiency due to a gradual paralysis of the muscles of
breathing. Uniformly the great nervous centers of the body
have been attacked. As will be noticed, the diagnosis in
these cases has varied widely. Cerebro-spinal meningitis
is mentioned three times; typhoid meningitis once; ansemia
once; tonsilitis once; peritonitis once; “vaccination” once;
Saint Vitus dance once; infantile paralysis three times.
The only one of these cases where the diagnosis was con-
firmed by an autopsy is No. 25. This case presents a faith-
ful clinical picture of all the other cases in the group, and
should be carefully studied. Meningitis from some one of
several causes may occur at any time, but cerebro-spinal
meningitis due to a specific organism occurs only in late
winter or early spring. In view of this and in view of the
fact that infantile paralysis is a relatively rare disease, not
often seen by the rural practitioner, and in further view of
32
 the undisputed fact that the most expert physician in the
world cannot be sure of a diagnosis of infantile paralysis
until the case has progressed far toward its termination, we
believe we may be pardoned for assuming that an error was
made in the diagnosis of several of these cases, and that in
each of them is seen one of the several well recognized
classical forms of this disease.
Cases 30 and 81 are very similar. The latter is a case
of several years standing. The fact that both were troubles
of the nervous centers, and that a certain degree of helpless-
ness or paralysis accompanied the progress of the disease
serves to awaken suspicion that they, too, were mild or so-
called “abortive” cases of infantile paralysis.
That infantile paralysis is not a new sequence of vaccina-
tion is shown by cases 32 and 33, which are perfectly trans-
parent cases of that disease occurring fifteen years ago.
Cases 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38 are selected from dozens of
similar ones reported and are introduced to illustrate a third
group in which the distinguishing feature is an eruption
more or less extensive, occurring in portions of the body re-
mote from the vaccination wound. These, while annoying
and sometimes serious, do not seem to have often had a fatal
termination. There is room for much speculation as to the
exact role which vaccination plays in this group. It may be
due to the direct introduction of pus-producing organisms,
to subsequent infection, or more probably to the well-recog-
nized tendency of vaccine to provoke to activity certain
latent germs in the body that would otherwise have given
the patient no trouble.
Cases 39 and 44, as well as several others from other
States not reported in this publication, are indicative of
another group in which the trouble is in the gastro-intestinal
tract.
Cases 42 and 43 were called “scarlet fever” and the
weight of evidence seems to be that the diagnosis was cor-
rect. It is significant, however, that many of the symptoms
resemble those of the infantile paralysis group, and that in
each instance the other children occupying the same rooms
and bed did not contract the disease.
In cases 21, 40 and 41, the part played by vaccination is
problematical. The parents are firm in the belief that the
children would not have been ill if they had not been vac-
cinated ; the physicians incline to an opposite view. It is
fair to say that the connection is far from being as clear as
in the other cases.
There is abundant reason for suspecting that case No. 47
is one of endo-carditis, or inflammation of the interior lining
of the heart, notwithstanding the diagnosis of “rheumatism
affecting the heart.” It is inconceivable that this little girl
could have been troubled with rheumatism to the extent of
33
bringing her within a few days of death without attracting
attention. Septic endo-carditis is a vaccination complica-
tion previously noted by many writers on this subject. The
information about case No. 45 is very meagre, but it, too,
bears some indications of endo-carditis.
Owing to the unwillingness of the parents of case No. 46
to give information, no conclusions can be drawn until in-
formation about it can be obtained from another source.
Case No. 47 is trivial in itself, but is introduced because
of its bearing upon the theory that certain vaccines are
direct carriers of pathogenic germs other than vaccinia. Its
significance lies in the fact that this boy was vaccinated
from the same tube as his sister who died.

Is Infection Direct or Subsequent?

As stated elsewhere, it is of secondary importance
whether vaccine is a direct vehicle for carrying disease
germs, whether it furnishes only a “port of entry” for subse-
quent infection or is simply an exciter of dormant germs
within the body. The result is the same, and the arguments
for or against the practice stand or fall independently of
either of these hypotheses.
Probably all three are true on occasions. It must be
conceded that the manufacturers of virus now use every
possible precaution to prevent contamination. It is for
their business interest to do so; it is unthinkable that the
manufacturers, who are human and have children of their
own, would neglect any precaution from a motive so sordid
as the saving of a few dollars. On the other hand it is per-
fectly true and proven by disinterested government reports
that the product of at least two manufacturers was infected
with the germs of the “foot and mouth disease” several
years ago, in one case for a period of six years before the fact
was discovered. Many investigators, among whom may be
mentioned Dr. Flexner, the greatest living authority on in-
fantile paralysis, have demonstrated that glycerination, on
which the manufacturers depend for “starving out” undesir-
able organisms, has no neutralizing effect upon any member
of a related group of filterable and ultra-microscopic germs
to which belong smallpox, syphilis, infantile paralysis,
hydrophobia and others of the most terrible diseases known.
After a personal examination of the largest vaccine factory
in the world and after the reading of many volumes on both
sides of the question the writer desires to go on record as
saying that it is his profound conviction that no microscopic
examination nor culture test nor inoculation nor other
manipulation to which vaccine virus is submitted, can be
depended upon to absolutely exclude the germs of infantile
paralysis, nor, probably, any of the others mentioned except
34
 tetanus, the germ of which is infilterable, large enough to be
seen with the microscope, and easily demonstrated by inocu-
lation. It is only fair to say that in the judgment of the
writer the danger of tetanus germs being contained in the
virus of the best manufacturers is now remote. Neverthe-
less the presence of tetanus germs was detected in the virus
of one of the largest manufacturers in 1901 as a result of a
searching investigation of 95 tetanus cases in the city of
Camden, N. J. See the report of Joseph T. McFarland, Pro-
fessor of Pathology and Bacteriology in the Medico-Chirur-
gical College of Philadelphia.
Pro-vaccinationists claim that the small number of
cases of illness as compared with the large number of vac-
cinations must be received as evidence that the virus cannot
of itself contain the germs. This argument is entitled to
much weight, at least so far as tetanus is concerned. It
fails before a close analysis of the situation so far as polio-
myelitis, or infantile paralysis, is concerned. Flexner be-
lieves that only a small proportion of children are suscepti-
ble to infantile paralysis. He is quoted as saying that the
epidemic in Vermont in the autumn of the present year was
dying out for want of susceptible children, yet only 286 cases
Were reported to November first. Flexner is also skeptical
as to the possibility of communicating infantile paralysis
through an ordinary abrasion. Rosenau and others seem to
have experimentally demonstrated the possibility of com-
municating it to monkeys through abrasions. Eisner as-
serts that he has observed such cases in his practice. It is
admittedly difficult, at least, to transmit it by abrasion un-
less strict anaerobic conditions are present.
For the sake of argument let us assume that only one
child in 500 is susceptible to the disease, and that of those
R usceptibles only one in 500 is inoculated
under the deli-
cately balanced condition necessary for the self-propagation
of the germ. The result is only one probably active case of
the disease in 500 times 500, or 250,000 possibly contami-
nated vaccinations. There were about 250,000 vaccinations
in the State of New York in 1914, and instead of one case
of poliomyelitis in 1914, our record shows thirteen, eleven
of which were fatal. This may be taken to indicate that our
hne of reasoning is well within the limits of observed cases.
Incidentally it shows the abnormally high percentage of
mtal cases in poliomyelitis developing simultaneously with
vaccination.
.
The theory of the possibility of conveying infantile paraly-
through vaccine abrasions as well as the probability of
sis
me vaccine having contained the germs receives startling
confirmation in three cases in the home of S. V. Minnick of
Varthage, reported under numbers 27, 28, and 29. Ruth,
H)i/2, and Hobart, 13, were vaccinated the same day from
35
the same tube of virus. Both became very sick in just ten
days from vaccination. The boy, being older, recovered,
after a severe illness, with symptoms much like the girl.
Ruth died after a plain case of infantile paralysis, which
was so reported by her attending physician. Four days
before the little girl’s death, in compliance with the demand
of the school authorities, the little brother, Charles, age 6,
was vaccinated. In precisely 10 days he, also, became very
sick, with symptoms practically identical with the other two
children. He was unconscious and helpless for two weeks,
but recovered with a slight residual paralysis. He was at-
tended by another physican and the only diagnosis reported
is “vaccination.”
Simultaneous cases of infantile paralysis in the same
family have hitherto been so rare as to excite comment.
Many physicians with large practice have never had an in-
stance in their entire practice. Here are three in one house.
The theory of “subsequent infection” needs extensive
“bracing” in this instance : and then there is case 19 with
onset in 12 days; case 22 with onset in 11 days; case 24, on-
set in 11 days; case 25, onset in 11 days; case 49 with onset
in 10 days, unquestionably paralysis cases, with practically
identical incubation periods, all contributing evidence of a
common and simultaneous infection. What other possible
common origin except the vaccine virus is it possible to
place under suspicion? It is unthinkable that these chil-
dren, widely scattered in different portions of the State,
with no history of nearby paralysis cases, could have each
accidentally acquired the germ in the vaccination wound ex-
actly ten or eleven days from vaccination. Such a theory
pre-supposes a universal distribution of the poliomyelitis
germ entirely at variance with observation and experience.
The germ of tetanus, or lockjaw, on the other hand, is
known to be of practically universal distribution. It will
not develop except under anaerobic conditions, i. e., in an
environment free from oxygen. Such conditions are pre-
sented in deep punctured wounds that are allowed to close
at the surface, or in wounds where certain other organisms
that thrive on oxygen and extract it from the surrounding
tissue, are present. Note the deadly nature of toy pistol
wounds, which, trivial in themselves, present a germ-in-
fested abrasion that creates an oxygen-free environment
allowing the tetanus organism to develop. The vaccina-
tion wound presents an exactly parallel condition, and un-
questionably presents an inviting seed bed for tetanus, es-
pecially when the scab has been accidentally removed from
a child’s arm in play.
Notwithstanding the fact that the closely uniform period
of incubation in the tetanus cases is suspicious of vaccine
infection, it must be admitted that the weight of evidence is
36
 toward secondary infection. This could be largely avoided,
if not absolutely prevented, by prohibiting vaccination in
the summer, when dust conditions are at their worst and
insect life is rampant. Procrastination is a very human
trait; the vaccination of school children is frequently put off
until a few days before school opens. Half the children in
some schools had sore arms when they entered; at the first
football game scores of scabs are torn off and the door is
open for entering infection of any kind. The remedy for
this condition is winter vaccination only. Pro-vaccination-
ists will find approval for this course in the thought that
smallpox is a winter disease, vaccine works much more
surely in cold weather, and the amount of protection thus
assured is measurably greater.
There remains to consider only the theory of vaccination
being an exciting cause of various diseases. The cases ob-
served in New York in 1914 do not furnish much material
from which to draw conclusions, unless it is admitted that
all the victims of infantile paralysis were “passive carriers”
of the germ. That such passive carriers, not only in infan-
tile paralysis, but of many other diseases are much more
common than is generally admitted, has been proved by
many observers. It is also admitted by the vaccine manu-
facturers and nearly all writers on vaccination that during
the “working” of the vaccine the patient’s resistance to any
germ disease is much reduced.
There can be scarcely any doubt but that vaccination in
many instances has and does provoke to activity the germs
of certain blood disorders that find expression in skin and
glandular affections. Anti-vaccination writers claim that
vaccination is an indirect cause of tuberculosis and cancer.
The writer has before him a statement from a reputable
physician, hitherto unpublished, in which he asserts that out
of 400 cancer cases which he has treated, there is a history
of previous vaccination in every instance and that he has
never treated an unvaccinated person for that disease. This
is important, if true, and should be the subject of further in-
vestigation. At the present time the evidence available
seems insufficient to warrant anything more than the gener-
alized conclusion that vaccination does have a tendency to
provoke certain diseases to increased activity.

Purity of Vaccine
By “purity” is meant freedom from pathogenic germs,
other than vaccinia. In making his investigation the
author of this little volume attempted to gather statistics
that might be of value in determining whether or not any
one make of virus had been concerned in unfortunate results
rnore than another. The results were largely negative
37
owing to the great reluctance of physicians to divulge the
name of the virus used. Out of 49 cases only 26 were ob-
tainable. Of these vaccine “E” appears 7 times; vaccine
“H” 14 times; vaccine “J” two times; vaccine “F” once;
vaccine “G” twice. The vaccine which appears to be most
highly regarded by many physicians appears but twice.
The two which are concerned in 21 of the 26 cases are
known to have formerly used the same “seed,” Whether
that is the case at this time none but the manufacturers
themselves know. An element of doubt enters into these
statistics on account of the fact that there is no way to
ascertain the relative amount of each kind used. It is
probable that the two kinds referred to are used more
largely than all the others combined. Under the circum-
stances caution should be used in drawing conclusions.
Accurate statistics are necessary in order to promptly
detect and forbid the use of contaminated virus. The only
way that such statistics may be gathered now is by private
enterprise. The present investigation shows this to be
expensive both of time and money, and fragmentary in re-
sults.

Conclusion
It has been the intent of the writer to present facts
rather than to participate in a controversy that is still un-
settled after a century of argument; but as a result of the
investigation of over fifty vaccination disasters and the
almost constant study of vaccination literature for several
months, it seems that the following conclusions are war-
ranted and should be frankly stated:
(1) Vaccination has been the cause, directly or indi-
rectly, of the death of at least fifty children in New York
state in 1914. The record herewith printed gives only the
cases occurring in rural or suburban districts. Neither
the time nor means were at hand to make a canvass of the
cities. While only 27 fatalities are here recorded, some
of which are not clearly proven, it is believed that were the
figures from the cities obtainable possible errors in the list
would be more than offset and enough reported to swell the
total to the number given.
(2) In addition to the deaths an appalling trail of ill-
ness has followed vaccination. It has been entirely beyond
the scope of this publication to print even a partial record
of these cases.
(3) The cost in illness and destruction of child life is
entirely out of proportion to the amount of protection
38
against small-pox that is attained or needed. There were
but three deaths from small-pox in the entire state, includ-
lng Greater New York, in 1914. In one rural district
twenty miles in diameter, where four children died from
vaccination, there has not been a single case of small-pox
within the memory of any person now living.
(4) Vaccination of children is wrong in principle, is
n °t in harmony with the trend of the best medical practice
and should be abandoned. It is being more clearly under-
stood every day that many of the serious ills of later years
are directly traceable to the so-called children’s diseases.
Whereas the tendency was once to encourage the having of
such diseases so as to “have them over with,” the tendency
n °w is to keep the child just as free from them as can be,
and postpone them to as late an age as possible. A normal
vaccination is as serious as some of the diseases of child-
hood, without taking into further account its sinister pos-
sibilities.
(5) There is an overwhelming and rapidly growing
Se ntiment against the compulsory features of the present
vaccination law. In every community are to be found per-
sons who on account of real or fancied bad results in their
families are conscientiously opposed to vaccination. It is
a matter that
touches the tenderest sentiments of the par-
eat, and arouses his bitterest antagonism. In scores of
cases people have been arrested, coerced, and put to ex-
Ponse and inconvenience on account of their convictions.
(6) The Department of Education should be free from
entangling alliances with the Department of Health. The
Numerous cases of litigation, the friction, the expenditure
time and attention demanded of the Educational Depart-
ment in 1914 by its effort to enforce the provisions of the
public health law must have interfered considerably with
ds efficiency.

(7) Section 310 of the Public Health law should be

Repealedbecause it is a failure, if for no other reason. No
matter how rigidly it is enforced it can never attain the
nd sought. The large and growing Roman Catholic popu-
ntion is exempt through the parochial schools. The chil-
len of the wealthy who are privately taught are likewise
so that a relatively large unvaccinated element in
Pn population must always exist. The material for a
enidemic will always be present, and final recourse
•° r controlling
the disease must remain in the future as
n the past mainly dependent upon quarantine, sanitation,
gelation and surveillance of contacts, rather than vacci-
Pation.
 (8) A new section of the Public Health law should be
enacted which should (a) provide for the repeal of com-
pulsory vaccination as a pre-requisite for an education; (b)
be applicable to all elements of the population regardless
of creed or social station; (c) restrict the practice of vacci-
nation to licensed physicians who can be held to some degree
of accountability; (d) allow a certain amount of discre-
tionary power to the commissioner of health in cases of
small-pox epidemics; (e) divorce the Educational and
Health departments; (f) provide for adequate guaranties
on the part of vaccine manufacturers; (g) enforce a system
of reports so that the state will no longer be compelled to
depend upon private individuals for its knowledge of vacci-
nation results, and finally (h) lay no additional burdens
upon the poor.

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