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    Chapter 05: Specimen Management Test Bank: 1. A. B. C. D. Ans: A

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    The document is a test bank containing multiple choice questions about specimen management in clinical microbiology. It covers topics such as the roles of clinical microbiologists, specimen collection and transport, types of culture media, and growth requirements of different microorganisms. The questions assess knowledge of these topics as well as the ability to apply this knowledge, such as identifying the appropriate culture medium or microorganism based on descriptive information provided.

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    Chapter 05: Specimen Management Test Bank: 1. A. B. C. D. Ans: A

    Uploaded by

    roe
    64 views6 pages
    The document is a test bank containing multiple choice questions about specimen management in clinical microbiology. It covers topics such as the roles of clinical microbiologists, specimen collection and transport, types of culture media, and growth requirements of different microorganisms. The questions assess knowledge of these topics as well as the ability to apply this knowledge, such as identifying the appropriate culture medium or microorganism based on descriptive information provided.

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    BIO Ch5

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    c5

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    The document is a test bank containing multiple choice questions about specimen management in clinical microbiology. It covers topics such as the roles of clinical microbiologists, specimen collection and transport, types of culture media, and growth requirements of different microorganisms. The questions assess knowledge of these topics as well as the ability to apply this knowledge, such as identifying the appropriate culture medium or microorganism based on descriptive information provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    64 views6 pages

    Chapter 05: Specimen Management Test Bank: 1. A. B. C. D. Ans: A

    Uploaded by

    roe
    The document is a test bank containing multiple choice questions about specimen management in clinical microbiology. It covers topics such as the roles of clinical microbiologists, specimen collection and transport, types of culture media, and growth requirements of different microorganisms. The questions assess knowledge of these topics as well as the ability to apply this knowledge, such as identifying the appropriate culture medium or microorganism based on descriptive information provided.

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    Chapter 05: Specimen Management

    Test Bank

    MULTIPLE CHOICE

    1. A principal role of the clinical microbiologist includes:


    a. quickly and accurately communicating information about the patient in both
    verbal and written formats.
    b. assisting nurses and/or phlebotomists on the floor when drawing blood cultures.
    c. diagnosing and treating patients.
    d. designing software for microbial databases.
    ANS: A
    The role of the clinical microbiologist is many faceted and includes quickly and accurately
    communicating information about the patient in both verbal and written formats.

    REF: 53 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    2. Rejection of inappropriately collected or transported specimens:


    a. is the sole responsibility of the laboratory and should be performed without regard
    to physician requests.
    b. should be initiated by laboratory personnel but approved by the nurses or
    physicians responsible for the care of the patient.
    c. is not in the best interest of patient care and should not be considered appropriate.
    d. is the responsibility of the nursing staff and should not be an issue for laboratory
    personnel.
    ANS: B
    Specimen quality is critical in providing good test results, and every effort should be made to
    ensure optimal quality.

    REF: 63 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    3. The definitive identification of clinically significant isolates is:


    a. always necessary and should be carried out by the laboratory at all times.
    b. desirable in most cases; however, limited identification may sometimes be
    necessary and helpful.
    c. often not cost effective and should be performed only when requested by the
    attending physician.
    d. not necessary in most cases and should not be routinely performed by the
    laboratory.
    ANS: B
    The definitive identification of clinically significant isolates, although desirable in most cases,
    is not always necessary and is often not cost effective. Limited identification may be helpful
    and all that is necessary.

    REF: 66 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    4. Specimens for microbiologic studies should be:


    a. transported to the laboratory within 48 hours of collection.
    b. collected in nonsterile specimen containers.
    c. transported in sealable, leak-proof plastic bags with a separate section for
    paperwork.
    d. sent to the laboratory on ice, no matter what type of specimen.
    ANS: C
    Microbiological specimens should be transported in sealable, leak-proof bags, keeping the
    paperwork separate in the event the specimen leaks.

    REF: 62 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    5. Holding media, such as Stuart’s medium and Amie’s transport medium, are used to:
    a. maintain the viability of microorganisms present in a specimen.
    b. support the growth and multiplication of any pathogenic organisms that are
    present.
    c. prevent clotting of specimens such as blood, bone marrow, and synovial fluid.
    d. allow pathogenic organisms to grow while nonpathogenic organisms die.
    ANS: A
    Holding media are designed to maintain viability but do not support the multiplication of
    bacteria present.

    REF: 62 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    6. The best anticoagulant to prevent clotting of specimens, such as blood, bone marrow, and
    synovial fluid, which are submitted for recovery of all types of microorganisms, is:
    a. sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS).
    b. heparin.
    c. citrate.
    d. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
    ANS: A
    SPS is the least inhibitory anticoagulant, which makes it the best choice for preserving blood,
    bone marrow, and synovial fluid.

    REF: 62 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    7. Direct examinations such as the Gram stain serve what purpose?


    a. To determine the organism’s genetic makeup
    b. To give the physician an early indication of what may be wrong with the patient
    c. To determine the type of flora in the throat and stool specimens
    d. To determine the organism’s colonial morphologic features
    ANS: B
    Direct examinations enable the laboratory scientist to give the physician an early indication of
    possible pathogens, enabling him or her to gain insight to guide the work-up of the specimen.

    REF: 63 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    8. Which type of media is designed to support the growth of a wide range of microorganisms?
    a. Selective
    b. Nutritive
    c. Differential
    d. Definitive
    ANS: B
    Many different types of media exist and serve many different purposes in clinical
    microbiology. Some types are basically nutritive and support the growth of many different
    types of microorganisms.

    REF: 64 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    9. Which type of media is designed to distinguish microorganisms on the basis of certain growth
    characteristics?
    a. Selective
    b. Nutritive
    c. Differential
    d. Definitive
    ANS: C
    Many different types of media exist and serve many different purposes in clinical
    microbiology. Some types are differential in that they allow the discrimination of
    microorganisms on the basis of certain growth characteristics.

    REF: 64 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    10. Which type of media is designed to support the growth of one group of organisms, but not
    another, by containing antimicrobials, dyes, or alcohol?
    a. Selective
    b. Nutritive
    c. Differential
    d. Definitive
    ANS: A
    Many different types of media exist and serve many different purposes in clinical
    microbiology. Some types are selective in that they contain antimicrobials, dyes, or alcohol
    that cause the support of the growth of one group of organisms but not another.

    REF: 64 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    11. An example of a selective medium for gram-positive organisms is:


    a. MacConkey agar.
    b. blood agar.
    c. colistin and nalidixic acid.
    d. thioglycollate broth.
    ANS: C
    Colistin and nalidixic acid agar contains factors to inhibit the growth of gram-negative
    bacteria but will allow gram-positive bacteria to grow.

    REF: 64 OBJ: Level: Application


    12. Ambient air, which contains 21% oxygen (O2) and a small amount (0.03%) of carbon dioxide
    (CO2), is the environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?
    a.Aerobes
    b.Anaerobes
    c.Capnophiles
    d.Microaerophiles
    ANS: A
    Various types of microorganisms require different atmospheric conditions. Aerobes grow best
    in the presence of ambient air.

    REF: 66 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    13. Increased concentrations of CO2 (5% to 10%) and approximately 15% O2 produce an
    environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?
    a. Aerobes
    b. Anaerobes
    c. Capnophiles
    d. Microaerophiles
    ANS: C
    Various types of microorganisms require different atmospheric conditions. Capnophiles grow
    best in the presence of increased levels of CO2.

    REF: 66 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    14. Between 5% and 10% hydrogen (H2), 5% to 10% CO2, 80% to 90% nitrogen (N2), and 0% O2
    produce an environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?
    a. Aerobes
    b. Anaerobes
    c. Capnophiles
    d. Microaerophiles
    ANS: B
    Various types of microorganisms require different atmospheric conditions. Anaerobes grow
    best in the absence of oxygen.

    REF: 66 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    15. Reduced O2 (5% to 10%) and increased CO2 (8% to 10%) produce an environmental condition
    that best suits which type of organism?
    a. Aerobes
    b. Anaerobes
    c. Capnophiles
    d. Microaerophiles
    ANS: D
    Various types of microorganisms require different atmospheric conditions. Microaerophiles
    grow best in the presence of reduced O2 and increased CO2.

    REF: 66 OBJ: Level: Knowledge


    16. Colonies of Streptococcus pneumoniae appear alpha-hemolytic on blood agar media. Which
    one of the following statements explains this discrepancy?
    a. The lot of blood agar may be expired.
    b. Something may be wrong with the strain of S. pneumoniae since it should be beta-
    hemolytic on blood agar.
    c. Something may be wrong with the strain of S. pneumoniae; it should be gamma-
    hemolytic on blood agar.
    d. No discrepancy is present. S. pneumoniae should be alpha-hemolytic on blood
    agar.
    ANS: D
    S. pneumoniae produces alpha-hemolysis on blood agar.

    REF: 64 OBJ: Level: Problem Solving

    17. An example of a beta-hemolytic gram-positive organism is:


    a. Staphylococcus aureus.
    b. Streptococcus pneumoniae.
    c. Escherichia coli.
    d. Enterococcus.
    ANS: A
    The only gram-positive beta-hemolytic organism in this listing of answers is S. aureus. S.
    pneumoniae is alpha-hemolytic, and Enterococcus is either alpha- or gamma-hemolytic.
    Although E. coli appears beta-hemolytic on blood agar, it is a gram-negative organism.

    REF: 64 OBJ: Level: Application

    18. Which specimen is quantitatively plated by using a calibrated loop?


    a. Stool
    b. Sputum
    c. Joint fluid
    d. Urine
    ANS: D
    Urine is plated using a calibrated loop to determine the amount of colonies present (i.e.,
    colony count) and to decide whether the bacteria present are clinically significant or skin
    contamination.

    REF: 65 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

    19. Which specimen culture, if positive, should be immediately reported to the clinician?
    a. Urine
    b. Blood
    c. Throat
    d. Stool
    ANS: B
    A positive blood culture is considered a critical value because of the possibility of bacterial
    sepsis. Critical values are always immediately reported to the clinician; appropriate
    antimicrobial treatment should be administered right away.
    REF: 66–67 OBJ: Level: Application

    20. The appropriate storage for a cerebral spinal fluid specimen is ____° C.
    a. 4
    b. 22
    c. 37
    d. –70
    ANS: C
    Cerebral spinal fluid should always be stored at 37° C to keep pathogens viable once outside
    the body.

    REF: 62 OBJ: Level: Knowledge

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