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Karagozoglu Et Al., 2007

This document discusses adsorption as a method for removing synthetic dyes from wastewater. It describes adsorption as the attachment of molecules onto surfaces, and notes that dyes can be effectively removed using various adsorbents, though activated carbon shows particularly high adsorption properties. The document outlines different adsorption isotherm models that can be used to analyze experimental adsorption data and optimize adsorbent use. It also discusses kinetic models for predicting dye removal rates from solutions to design fixed-bed adsorbers. The experiment aims to evaluate a packed activated carbon bed for purifying dye solutions and determine the best-fitting isotherm model to describe the adsorption kinetics.

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Mariella Singson
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44 views

Karagozoglu Et Al., 2007

This document discusses adsorption as a method for removing synthetic dyes from wastewater. It describes adsorption as the attachment of molecules onto surfaces, and notes that dyes can be effectively removed using various adsorbents, though activated carbon shows particularly high adsorption properties. The document outlines different adsorption isotherm models that can be used to analyze experimental adsorption data and optimize adsorbent use. It also discusses kinetic models for predicting dye removal rates from solutions to design fixed-bed adsorbers. The experiment aims to evaluate a packed activated carbon bed for purifying dye solutions and determine the best-fitting isotherm model to describe the adsorption kinetics.

Uploaded by

Mariella Singson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I.

INTRODUCTION

The widespread use of synthetic dyes in the dyeing and textile industries has resulted in
severe problems to the health of humans and aquatic worldwide because of the mutagenic,
carcinogenic, or toxic properties of the dyes and their potentials to contaminate water resources
(Karagozoglu et al., 2007). Thus, the efficient synthetic dye removals from aqueous solution
have been a prominent concern. Various chemical, physical, and biological methods for dye
removal have been developed (Srinivasan and Viraraghavan, 2010). One of these methods is
adsorption, which is an advantageous technique because of its simplicity of design, availability
of adsorbents, ease of operation, insensitivity to toxic substances, and low cost.

Adsorption is a unit operation process which refers to the attachment of molecules onto the
surface. It is based on the fact that some solids preferentially adsorb other solute from the
solution onto their surfaces. Dyes are particularly removed using various adsorbents. Many
adsorbents such as orange peel, neem seed, oil cakes, date palm, olive shell, and charcoal has
been explored for its removal. However, activated carbon has shown significant removal
properties with other adsorbents. It is a versatile adsorbent with high porosity and surface area.

Adsorption is generally described through isotherms, that are amount of adsorbate on the
adsorbent as a function of pressure for gases or concentration for liquids at a constant
temperature. Adsorption isotherms describe qualitative information on the nature of the solute-
surface interaction as well as the specific relation between the concentration of adsorbate and
its degree of accumulation onto the adsorbent surface at a constant temperature. Adsorption
isotherms are critical in optimizing the use of adsorbents, and the analysis of the isotherm data
by fitting them to different isotherm models is an important step to find the suitable model that
can be used for design purpose (Mohan, 2002). Some common types of adsorption isotherms
includes linear, Freundlich which is a favorable one and Langmuir which is strongly favorable
type of isotherm.

In predicting the rate at which contamination is removed from aqueous solutions in order
to design a fixed-bed adsorber, the kinetics of adsorption is used. It uses three different models,
which is the pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and the Elovich kinetics model. The
adsorption kinetics shows the evolution of the adsorption capacity through time and it is
necessary to identify the types of adsorption mechanism in a given system (Saed, Nahrain, &
Atshan, 2014). Another important principle to be consider, is the breakthrough concentration
curve, in which it is used to calculate adsorption column and also applicable in Scale-up
Designing(Geankoplis, 1993).
In this experiment, the performance of a packed bed of activated carbon adsorbent to purify
or cleanse varying concentrations of dye solution was evaluated. The adsorption isotherm was
also determined using the concentrations of adsorbate and the adsorption capacity that will best
fit the experimental data. The conformity between experimental data and the model predicted
values was expressed by the correlation coefficients (R2, values close or equal to 1). A
relatively high R2 value indicates that the model was successfully describes the kinetics of
adsorption. In the last part of the experiment, a fixed bed-adsorber was designed using the
breakthrough concentration curve.

REFERENCES:
[1] Geankoplis, C. J. (1993). Transport Processes and Unit Operations Third Edition. PTR
Prentice-Hall Inc.

[2] Mohan. (2002). Removal of Dyes Rom Wastewater Using Fly Ash as a Low-Cost
Adsorbent. Indian Chemical Engineering.

[3] Richardson, J. F., & Harker, J. H. (2002). Coulson and Richardson's Chemical
Engineering Volume 2 Fifth edition. Butterworth-Heinemann.

[4] Saed, U., Nahrain, M. H., & Atshan, A. A. (2014). Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye
from Aqueous Solution Using Can Papyrus. Journal of Babylon University.

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