ITEC 1250 Fall 200: Fajard, Jorg

10/5/2019 Microsoft Disk Operating System (DOS) COMMANDS and Syntax Examples -the BASICS | Command Line Interface
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FAJARD,JORG
ITEC 1250
Fall 200
https://www.scribd.com/doc/23677931/Microsoft-Disk-Operating-System-DOS-COMMANDS-and-Syntax-Examples-the-BASICS 1/50
Fall 200
10/5/2019 Microsoft Disk Operating System (DOS) COMMANDS and Syntax Examples -the BASICS | Command Line Interface | Co…
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Special DOS Assi
Practical Question ALL COMMANDS MS DOS eBook for NIV, Holy Bible, All Dos NIV, Holy Bible,
Paper for… IN MS DOS Beginner eBook Commands eBook, Red Lett…
Table of Contents
1. Attrib 1 2
2. chdir (cd) 1 2
Paper for… 3. chkdsk
IN MS DOS Beginner eBook 2 Commands 2
eBook, Red Lett…
4. cls 3 2
5. command 3 3
6. color 3 3
7. copy 4 3
8. date 5 3

9. drvspace 5 3
10. defrag 5 3
11. del (erase) 6 3
12. deltree 6 3
13. dir 7 3
14. diskcopy 8 3
15. doskey 8 4
16. edit 9 4
17. emm386 (XC) 9 4

18.
19. exit
fdisk 9
10 4
4
20. find 10 4
21. format 10
22. keyb 12
23. label 12 4
24. loadhigh (lh) (XC) 12
25. mem 13
25. mem
13
1
1. attrib
Displays or changes file attributes.
ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A ] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [drive:][path][filename

[/S [/D]]
+ Sets an attribute.
- Clears an attribute.
R Read-only file attribute.
A Archive file attribute.
S System file attribute.
H Hidd fil ib
H Hidden file attribute.

Related titles [drive:][path][filename]
Specifies a file or files for attrib to process.
/S Processes matching files in the current folder
and all subfolders.
/D Processes folders as well.
EXAMPLE: attrib +R – A fileName1.docx
2. cd
Practical Question ALL COMMANDS
Displays theMSname
DOS eBook for NIV, Holy Bible,
of or changes the currentAlldirectory.
Dos NIV, Holy Bible,
CHDIR [/D] [drive:][path]

CHDIR [..]
CD [/D] [drive:][path]
CD [..]
Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory.
Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive.

Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and directory.
Use the /D switch to change current drive in addition to changing curren
directory for a drive.

If Command Extensions are enabled CHDIR changes as follows:
The current directory string is converted to use the same case as

the on disk names. So CD C:\TEMP would actually set the current
directory to C:\Temp if that is the case on disk.
CHDIR command does not treat spaces as delimiters, so it is possible to

1
CD into a subdirectory name that contains a space without surrounding

the name with quotes. For example:
cd \winnt\profiles\username\programs\start menu
is the same as:
cd "\winnt\profiles\username\programs\start menu"
which is what you would have to type if extensions were disabled.
EXAMPLE: cd a234567 moves to directory
3. chkdsk
Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKDSK [volume[[path]filename]]] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/I] [/C] [/L[:siz
volume Specifies the drive letter (followed by a colon)

volume Specifies the drive letter (followed by a colon),
Related titles mount point, or volume name.
filename
FAT/FAT32 only: Specifies the files to check for fragme
.
/F Fixes errors on the disk.
/V On FAT/FAT32: Displays the full path and name of every f
on the disk.
/R On NTFS:bad
Locates Displays
sectorscleanup messages
and recovers if any.
readable information
(implies /F).
/L:size NTFS only: Changes the log file size to the specified num
of kilobytes. If size is not specified, displays current
Practical Question ALL COMMANDS size.
MS DOS eBook for NIV, Holy Bible, All Dos NIV, Holy Bible,
Paper for… IN MS DOS
/X Beginner eBook Commands
Forces the volume to dismount first if necessary. eBook, Red Lett…
All opened handles to the volume would then be invalid
(implies /F).
/I NTFS only: Performs a less vigorous check of index entries.
/C NTFS only: Skips checking of cycles within the folder
structure.
The /I or /C switch reduces the amount of time required to run Chkdsk b

skipping certain checks of the volume.
2
EXAMPLE: chkdsk a: checks the a: drive
4. cls
Clears the screen.
CLS
EXAMPLE : cls clears the screen

5. command
Starts
a new instance of the MS-DOS command interpreter.
COMMAND [[drive:]path] [device] [/E:nnnnn] [/P] [/C string] [/MSG]
[drive:]path Specifies the directory containing COMMAND.COM file

device Specifies the device to use for command input and output.
/E:nnnnn Sets the initial environment size to nnnnn bytes.
/P Makes the new command interpreter permanent (can't exit).
/C string Carries out the command specified by string, and then stop
/MSG Specifies that all error messages be stored in memory. You
need to specify /P with this switch.
EXAMPLE: command open a new command interpreter
6. color
Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COLOR [attr]
attr Specifies color attribute of console output

attr Specifies color attribute of console output
Related titles
Color attributes1 areofspecified
27 digits
by TWO hex Search document
-- the first 
corresponds to the background; the second the foreground. Each digit
can be any of the following values:
0 = Black 8 = Gray
1 = Blue 9 = Light Blue
2 = Green A = Light Green
3 = Aqua B = Light Aqua
4 = Red C = Light Red
5 = Purple D = Light Purple

3
6 = Yellow E = Light Yellow

7 = White F = Bright White
Related titles 1 is of
If no argument 27
given, this command restores
 Searchthe color to what it
document was
when CMD.EXE started. This value either comes from the current cons
window, the /T command line switch or from the DefaultColor registry
value.
The COLOR command sets ERRORLEVEL to 1 if an attempt is made t

the COLOR command with a foreground and background color that are
same.
EXAMPLE: "COLOR f3" produces aqua on bright white
7. copy
Copies one or more files to another location.
COPY [/D] [/V] [/N] [/Y | /-Y] [/Z] [/A | /B ] source [/A | /B]
[+ source [/A | /B] [+ ...]] [destination [/A | /B]]
source Specifies the file or files to be copied.

/A Indicates an ASCII text file.
/B Indicates a binary file.
/D Allow the destination file to be created decrypted
destination Specifies the directory and/or filename for the new file(s).
/V Verifies that new files are written correctly.
/N Uses short filename, if available, when copying a file with a
non-8dot3 name.
/Y Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to overwrite an
existing destination file.
/-Y Causes prompting to confirm you want to overwrite an
existing destination file.
/Z Copies networked files in restartable mode.
The switch /Y may be preset in the COPYCMD environment variable.

This may be overridden with /-Y on the command line. Default is
to prompt on overwrites unless COPY command is being executed from
within a batch script.
To append files, specify a single file for destination, but multiple files
for source (using wildcards or file1+file2+file3 format).
EXAMPLE: COPY a: luvdos\mctc.txt

4
8. date
Displays or sets the date.
DATE [/T | date]
Type DATE without parameters to display the current date setting an

a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same date.
If Command Extensions are enabled the DATE command supports

the /T switch which tells the command to just output the
current date, without prompting for a new date.
EXAMPLE: DATE /T display the time or DATE to change the date
9 drvspace
9. drvspace
Related titles Compresses hard disk drives or floppy disks, and configures drives that were comp
using DriveSpace.
DRVSPACE /COMPRESS compress a hard disk drive or floppy disk.
DRVSPACE /CREATE Create a new compressed drive in the free space on

existing drive.
DRVSPACE /DEFRAGMENT Defragment a compressed drive.
DRVSPACE /DELETE delete a compressed drive. For
DRVSPACE /FORMAT Format a compressed drive.
Practical Question ALL COMMANDS /INFO

DRVSPACE MS DOS eBook forDisplay
NIV, Holy Bible,
information All Dos a compressed
about NIV, drive.
Holy Bible,
DRVSPACE /LIST Display a list of the drives on your computer. The list includ
compressed and uncompressed hard disk drives, floppy disk drives, and other remo
media drives. It does not include network drives.
DRVSPACE /MOUNT mount a compressed volume file (CVF). When Driv

mounts a CVF, itassigns it a drive letter; you can then use the files that CVF contai
DRVSPACE /RATIO Change the estimated compression ratio of a compressed dr

DRVSPACE /SIZE Change the size of a compressed drive
DRVSPACE /UNCOMPRESS Uncompress a compressed drive.
DRVSPACE.INI Change the settings in your DRVSPACE.INI file
EXAMPLE: DRVSPACE /COMPRESS a:\
5

10. defrag
Usage:
defrag <volume> [-a] [-f] [-v] [-?]
volume drive letter or mount point (d: or d:\vol\mountpoint)
-a Analyze only
-f Force defragmentation even if free space is low
-v Verbose output
-? Display this help text
EXAMPLE: DEFRAG C: -A
11. DEl
Deletes one or more files.
DEL [/P] [/F] [/S] [/Q] [/A[[:]attributes]] names

ERASE [/P] [/F] [/S] [/Q] [/A[[:]attributes]] names
names Specifies a list of one or more files or directories.

Wildcards may be used to delete multiple files. If a
directory is specified, all files within the directory
will be deleted.
/P Prompts for confirmation before deleting each file.

/F Force deleting of read-only files.
/S Delete specified files from all subdirectories.
/Q Quiet mode, do not ask if ok to delete on global wildcard
/A Selects files to delete based on attributes
attributes R Read-only files S System files

Related titles H Hidden
1 files
of 27 A Files ready
 for archiving
Search document 
- Prefix meaning not
If Command Extensions are enabled DEL and ERASE change as follows:
The display semantics of the /S switch are reversed in that it shows

you only the files that are deleted, not the ones it could not find.
EXAMPLE : DEL /P /A : A
12. Deltree
Practical Question ALL COMMANDS MS DOS eBook
Deletes a directory and allforthe NIV, Holy Bible, and
subdirectories Allfiles
Dos in it. NIV, Holy Bible,
Paper for… IN MS To
DOSdelete oneBeginner eBook Commands eBook, Red Lett…
or more files and directories: DELTREE [/Y] [drive:]path
[[drive:]path[...]]
6

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10/5/2019 Microsoft Disk Operating System (DOS) COMMANDS and Syntax Examples -the BASICS | Command Line Interface

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A ] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [drive:][path][filename

H Hidden file attribute.

EXAMPLE: attrib +R – A fileName1.docx

CHDIR [/D] [drive:][path]

Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory.

Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive.

Use the /D switch to change current drive in addition to changing curren

directory for a drive.

The current directory string is converted to use the same case as

CHDIR command does not treat spaces as delimiters, so it is possible to

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

CD into a subdirectory name that contains a space without surrounding

is the same as:

which is what you would have to type if extensions were disabled.

EXAMPLE: cd a234567 moves to directory

CHKDSK [volume[[path]filename]]] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/I] [/C] [/L[:siz

volume Specifies the drive letter (followed by a colon)

The /I or /C switch reduces the amount of time required to run Chkdsk b

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

EXAMPLE: chkdsk a: checks the a: drive

EXAMPLE : cls clears the screen

COMMAND [[drive:]path] [device] [/E:nnnnn] [/P] [/C string] [/MSG]

[drive:]path Specifies the directory containing COMMAND.COM file

EXAMPLE: command open a new command interpreter

attr Specifies color attribute of console output

6 = Yellow E = Light Yellow

The COLOR command sets ERRORLEVEL to 1 if an attempt is made t

EXAMPLE: "COLOR f3" produces aqua on bright white

source Specifies the file or files to be copied.

The switch /Y may be preset in the COPYCMD environment variable.

EXAMPLE: COPY a: luvdos\mctc.txt

DATE [/T | date]

Type DATE without parameters to display the current date setting an

If Command Extensions are enabled the DATE command supports

EXAMPLE: DATE /T display the time or DATE to change the date

DRVSPACE /CREATE Create a new compressed drive in the free space on

DRVSPACE /DEFRAGMENT Defragment a compressed drive.

DRVSPACE /DELETE delete a compressed drive. For

DRVSPACE /FORMAT Format a compressed drive.

Practical Question ALL COMMANDS /INFO

DRVSPACE /MOUNT mount a compressed volume file (CVF). When Driv

DRVSPACE /RATIO Change the estimated compression ratio of a compressed dr

DRVSPACE /UNCOMPRESS Uncompress a compressed drive.

DRVSPACE.INI Change the settings in your DRVSPACE.INI file

EXAMPLE: DRVSPACE /COMPRESS a:\

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

DEL [/P] [/F] [/S] [/Q] [/A[[:]attributes]] names

names Specifies a list of one or more files or directories.

/P Prompts for confirmation before deleting each file.

attributes R Read-only files S System files

If Command Extensions are enabled DEL and ERASE change as follows:

The display semantics of the /S switch are reversed in that it shows

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

Related titles 1 of 27  Search document 

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