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Development of Web based power quality monitoring system for handling

user custom power quality query and auto power quality monitoring report
notification via email

Conference Paper · January 2008

DOI: 10.1049/ic:20070577 · Source: IEEE Xplore

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 IET-UK International Conference on Information and Communication Technology in Electrical Sciences (ICTES 2007),
Dr. M.G.R. University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dec. 20-22, 2007. pp.1-7.

DEVELOPMENT OF WEB BASED POWER QUALITY

MONITORING SYSTEM FOR HANDLING USER CUSTOM
POWER QUALITY QUERY AND AUTO POWER QUALITY
MONITORING REPORT NOTIFICATION VIA EMAIL
Bansidhar E. Kushare*, Ashok A. Ghatol†, Sumit Kala‡
*
EED, KKWIEE&R, Nashik India, be_kushare@rediffmail.com
†
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonehere and Vice President of
Indian Society for Technical Education, New Delhi, India
‡
Coriolis Technologies, Pune, India

Keywords: Power quality, Monitoring, Harmonics swell, over-voltage, under-voltages and harmonic distortions
[5, 10]. Majority of the equipments used in industries are
Abstract sensitive to power quality problems. To avoid the malfunction
and unnecessary costs it is necessary to install power quality
Power quality monitoring has increasing role in deregulated monitoring system to understand the problem and provide
electricity supply market. Various utilities all over the world cost effective solution [3]. In order to improve electric power
are collecting power quality data to provide a power quality quality and energy efficiency, the sources and causes of such
database as a source of benchmark. In deregulated electricity disturbance must be known for both supply and demand sides
market utilities will be required to provide reliability and before appropriate corrective or mitigating action can be
power quality indices. Industrial and commercial customers taken [13]. A constant supervision of power quality allows
are increasingly getting affected by poor power quality the user to notify the power distributor about problems with
problems. A real time power quality monitoring will help to delivered energy. A real time power quality monitoring will
take some corrective actions. A web based, near real time help to take some corrective actions such as power factor
power quality monitoring system is necessary to provide such correction, consumption reduction etc.
information, both locally and on Nation wide basis to
customer. This paper discusses the web based power quality The major problem faced during the power quality
monitoring system. The entire system has been developed on monitoring is, analyzing vast volume of power quality data
Java technology. The power quality web based system collected. User is required to do labor intensive manual
implemented allows user to access the power quality process of trying to identify the required power quality event
information and provides auto email notification of the that has occurred with their characteristics visually through
custom power quality report to specified user. The other Gigabytes of data. When monitored data of various sites is
facilities provided are auto plotting of various RMS voltage available the task of identifying the specified power quality
variation events such as voltage sag and swell on ITIC or user event in which user is interested based on objectives becomes
specified curve and facility of trending plot of total harmonic tedious. The other problem associated with various power
voltage and current distortion. The proposed system will be quality equipments is limited storage and in various sites
useful to industrial customers and utilities. where the disturbing loads form the major portion of total
load, the memory capacity of monitor gets over. Once the
1 Introduction memory of the monitor is full the system error causes
equipment to stop monitoring. To avoid the problem it is
Power quality has become important concern for utility, necessary to download the data automatically to the server
facility managers and consulting engineers in recent years. through an Ethernet network. A key feature for analyzing the
End user equipments are more sensitive to various power vast volume of power quality data collected by monitors is to
quality problems that arise both on the power supply system develop suitable algorithm that will be able to automatically
and within customer facilities [13]. Poor quality of electric detect power quality event as per user query. Ability to
supply is normally caused by power line disturbances such as automatically detect abnormal variation from normal form
transients, notches, momentary interruptions, voltage sag and existing database will allow operators or user to be notified

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 IET-UK International Conference on Information and Communication Technology in Electrical Sciences

automatically through email. A web based, near real time 9. Availability of web base power quality and reliability
power quality monitoring system will provide such indices of various utilities will help the customer to choose
information, both locally and on Nation wide basis to the electric supply and utilities to offer differentiated services
customer. The authors have developed and implemented web for customer that have special requirement [7].
based power quality monitoring system which will be useful
for the utilities and industrial customers. Web based power 3 Overview of Previous Work Related to Web
quality monitoring system has been presented with result. Based Power Quality Monitoring
2 Need for Web Based Power Quality Reference [8], proposed the methodology for distributed
Monitoring System power quality measuring system to monitor a number of
power quality indices on every load connected to the point of
There is need for permanent power quality monitoring system common coupling. To transmit the measured values to master
because of following reasons: device that processes them in order to locate the source of
1. With the increasing problems in electrical distribution unbalance and harmonic distortion and to quantify the effect
system, there is a need to have thorough power supply and of such disturbance on power quality. A distributed master
distribution system monitoring and measurement before a slave structure was adopted as the architecture of the
solution is proposed [13]. measurement system. A slave system was located on each
metering section. Each slave system acquires the line voltages
2. The well known problem of current harmonics must be and currents in the metering section and determines the RMS
monitored on a continuous basis to ensure that, over a value and frequency domain components. The total active
time, the incremental addition of loads does not cause power, the apparent power and power factor are then obtained
excessive heating that can lead to power loss, premature together with generalized THD factor. All measured
failure of transformer, capacitor etc [13]. quantities are averaged on a pre-settable time interval and
3. Continuous tracing of power consumption and electrical transmitted to master system through intranet or if necessary
quantities provide useful data for planning future plant through internet.
expansion and for ensuring that existing and future
The proposed master system has complete visibility on all
distribution feeder are adequate [13].
measured quantities and indices in different metering
4. To detect on continuous basis various symptoms of power sections. The master system can be located away from the
quality such as harmonic distortion, voltage dips, PCC, thus allowing for a centralized, remote control of power
interruption, transient etc. The available data will help in quality. The master system has therefore the capability of
taking remedial action under power quality predictive identifying the source producing distortions and quantifying
maintenance philosophy before the problem causes any their detrimental effects on the power quality. The master
damage to equipment. system also logs all values coming from the slave systems for
5. Extrapolating the available power quality information, post processing purpose.
predictive analysis can be performed to forecast specific
A critical point of this architecture is the need to process the
breakdown conditions, like overheating of switch boards, data obtained by measurements performed simultaneously by
current surges, over voltage, voltage sags and fluctuations all slave devices. The synchronization proposed was by
or to detect deterioration and PQ degradation. Through synchronization of clock of master and slave devices, but is
early detection it is possible to take corrective action to expensive. The measured value of indices was plotted with
rectify or retrofit the situation. time. According to reference [8], the analysis of all these
6. Availability of data base related to power quality and indices performed by master unit leads the evaluation of
reliability indices to electricity regulator and customers is global index that provides on the test network considered,
one of the requirements in deregulated electricity market. correct information on the location of sources producing
distortion and measurement of their effect on power quality.
7. Availability of system wide data base on web at various
voltage levels will help the customer to decide Reference [3], has proposed PQ monitoring system with
specification of newly procured equipment to overcome central monitoring. Proposed monitoring system basically
incompatibility issues. consists of one power quality analyzer and multiple power
8. Availability of system wide power quality data base on quality meters. Power quality meters only act as raw data
web will be useful for manufacture of sensitive equipment acquisition system and power quality analyzer performs all
to make required changes in design to make their calculations and have analysis algorithm. According to author
equipment compatible to existing electrical environment. the proposed system is very economical especially for large

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 Development of Web Based Power Quality Monitoring System for Handling User Custom Power Quality Query and Auto Power ...

scale system, because the price of power quality meter can be components of proposed system consist of following
dramatically lowered in the proposed scheme. One of the hardware components:
draw back of this system is that as the individual PQ meter 1. PQ monitoring instrument.
transfers raw data, the communication burden will be heavy.
2. Modems for communications
But according to authors current Ethernet communication
technology will help to solve the problem in near future. 3. Central server and workstation
4. UPS
PQ monitoring algorithm that detects events and captures
5. Back up tape
steady state trends. Result of voltage sag waveform captured
and waveform and harmonic components for current 6. GPS
harmonics are only presented.
The captured data through power quality monitor is outputted
Leandro Fabrico Auler etal [9], presented new protocols for to communication network through a MODEM. The standard
monitoring power quality in an industrial environment by outputs of the meter include supply frequencies, RMS
means of Ethernet networks to perform a real time waveform voltage, RMS current, voltage harmonic spectrum and current
monitoring, allowing an oscilloscope like analysis. harmonic spectrum up to the 127th harmonic current, crest
factor, KW, KVA, KVAR, displacement power factor and
In reference [14], a system approach to power quality total power factor, phase angles at the fundamental
monitoring for performance assessment is presented. The component and at each harmonic component would also be
configuration complexity of a PQ monitoring system depends displayed. The PQ meter measures and store the data then the
primarily upon the number of instruments used to acquire the data is transmitted to the central system server through leased
information and number of people who need to utilize it. The dial up line, customer intranet, Ethernet network or DSL
simplest monitoring system could be of self contained circuit modem. The network is specially designed to be able to use
monitor or device built in sensitive load. The real value of the various communication means, so that different customer
monitoring system is an automatic data downloading from the needs would be met. For very remote sites where
measuring instruments. RS 232 port is used to communicate communication network is not available, wireless
with a number of monitors. Two way communications communication using GMS format or radio would be
between work station and monitors is becoming more and adopted.
more important. A complete monitoring should fully utilize
the networking infrastructure. Data can also down loaded In previously published literature the various facilities such as
from monitoring system by way of broad band modems, as harmonic compliance, plotting events on ITIC, SEMI F47 or
well as through internet or intranet connection. Access to the customer specified voltage tolerance curve and selection of
data base is given through password. Another option for data various characteristics of specified power quality event are
access is to use the standard world wide browser to query a not provided. The work presented in this paper provides all
database server. Customer can be given password to view these facilities and is more user friendly.
summaries and reports via the internet. The internet offers an
effective vehicle for providing power quality monitoring as 4 Web Based Power Quality Monitoring
an enhanced level of service. System Experimental Set Up
In reference [12], web based access to the power quality The web based system developed is having following facility:
monitoring system is presented. According to author the 1. The computer server is used to store monitored data and
information from the power quality monitor should be implemented on Tomcat web server.
available immediately and conveniently and the best option
2. A multi-Giga byte drive is used to store the power
available is to make the system completely accessible via
quality data.
internet or intranet. Theses systems are connected directly to
the network with TCP/IP communications. With such a 3. With this Giga byte drive, it is possible to store data for
system any one who needs data related to particular event or two years in case of on line monitoring.
summarized performance over a month can get access to the 4. Internet is used to disseminate the power quality data to
information. concerned engineers and users.
5. Using web based system user is allowed to access data
Ringo PK Lee etal [13], explained and demonstrated the from existing data base with user name and password.
architecture of designing a web based multi channel power
quality monitoring system for a large network. The various 6. Facility of custom query related to various power quality
parameters is provided.

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 IET-UK International Conference on Information and Communication Technology in Electrical Sciences

7. User can select the query parameters, the algorithm find Web based power quality monitoring system consists of
out the result of the query. two sections:
8. In case of on line power quality monitored data, a
custom report is generated based on threshold set by 1. Monitoring systems.
user and it is emailed to the specified person after 2. Web based power quality database server.
uploading of data into a laptop connected to the power
quality monitor via public modem. Power quality monitoring system is implemented with:
9. Facility to provide harmonic compliance as per IEEE 1. Monitoring software (running on laptop or PC).
519-1992 is provided.
2. Power quality analyzer (HIOKI 3196).
10. Auto plotting of monitored RMS voltage events such as
voltage sag and swell from database on ITIC curve, or 3. CDMA phone.
user supplied curve.
4.1 Monitoring software
11. Trending plot of total harmonic voltage and current
distortion facility is available. This trend can be selected Monitoring software is software which controls the power
for the one day, one week, one month, one year or any quality analyzer through TCP/IP connectivity. This software
arbitrary period of time based on the period during is written in Java and performs following steps.
which data was monitored. It is a convenient method to 1. Start the recording of the monitor as per user selectable
summarize the power quality of a site over a given date and time setting.
period of time.
2. Stop the recording after the specific time interval.
For a user to view data, following three things are 3. Transfer the power quality data from power quality
required: monitor (flash card memory) to computer secondary
storage device.
1. A computer with an internet connection, and a Mozilla 4. After transferring the data it converts this unsorted data
compatible web server. into MS-ACESS compatible database.
2. The address (URL) of the power quality database. 5. Power quality database is further classified into sub
3. Appropriate user ID and password to access database. categories.
6. This database is used to create user defined power
No special hardware, software or training is required for user.
quality report.
The users are allowed to provide access, for reading data base
only and not allowed to change the existing monitored data 7. This report is then sent to concerned person as an email
base. All of this allows the user to view power quality data attachment.
without having to install a large amount of software in their
computers. 4.2 Power quality monitor

1. While the data gathering and characterization is For power quality monitoring, HIOKI 3196 power quality
conducted at central location, the information is analyzer is used. This device has Ethernet and RS 232
available to user with web browser. connectivity.
2. Security protocols and passwords were built to keep Figure 1 shows a web based power quality monitoring
unauthorized personal from viewing highly confidential experimental set up and figure 2 shows the automatic
and often propriety data. download software window. The user can enter various
entries such as day, month, year, hour, minutes, setting and
The power quality web based system server makes power path. The other function provided are directory check,
quality information and data available to the user. In order to download, start recording, stop recording, reset the data,
access the data, the user needs to know address of power automation and format card. Figure 3 shows the main page of
quality data site, have a web browser such as Netscape the power quality monitoring database server. The user is
navigator or Microsoft internet explorer and required required to enter username and password to login to the
username and password to get access to the web based power system. After successful login it displays the second page of
quality monitoring system. Both recent and historical data can power quality database server on screen. Figure 4 shows
be viewed at any time from any internet connected PC using second page of power quality data base server. The various
web browser. This system is tested on local area network of selectable facilities provided for user are database available,
the institute and implemented on internet. custom query, THD curve, email notification and compliance

4
 Development of Web Based Power Quality Monitoring System for Handling User Custom Power Quality Query and Auto Power ...

curve. The next step is to click on the database available, the

next page displayed will show the list of various database
available. Figure 5 shows the screen showing available
database. The user will have to select the data base from the
available database.

After selecting the database the next step is to click on custom

query as shown in figure 6. The various custom query options
and selection details is shown in figure 8. After selecting and
setting the parameter related to custom and clicking query
button developed software will search the query from existing
database and the result generated is shown in figure 7.

The facility of IEEE 519-1992 harmonic compatibility is

shown in figure 9, ITHD trending facility is shown in figure 10
and ITIC curve compatibility evaluation is shown in figure Figure 3: Main page of web based power quality monitoring
11. system

Figure 4: Second page of web based power quality

Figure 1: Web based power quality monitoring setup monitoring system

Figure 2: The automatic download software version 3.01 for Figure 5: Web based power quality monitoring system page
the HIOKI 3196 showing database available

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 IET-UK International Conference on Information and Communication Technology in Electrical Sciences

Figure 6: Web based power quality monitoring system, query

selection page Figure 9: IEEE 519-1992 harmonic compliance

Figure 7: Power quality query result generated by web based

power quality monitoring system Figure 10: ITHD trend plotting facility

Figure 8: Setting power quality query characteristic page Figure 11: Auto plotting of event on ITIC curve

6
 Development of Web Based Power Quality Monitoring System for Handling User Custom Power Quality Query and Auto Power ...

5 Results and Discussion The above proposed implemented system will be useful to
industrial customers and utilities.
Web based power quality monitoring system has been
presented with results. The entire system has been References
implemented by using Java based monitoring software
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