Scribd
Upload
1K views

Experiment: 1 Determine Surface Tension of Liquid by Stalagmometer

The document describes 4 experiments in physical chemistry: 1. Using a stalagmometer to determine the surface tension of liquids by measuring the weight and radius of falling liquid drops. 2. Using a stalagmometer to determine the surface tension of liquids of different concentrations by measuring the weight of falling drops. 3. Using a viscometer to determine the viscosity of liquids at room temperature by measuring the time it takes known volumes of liquid to flow between two marks in the apparatus. 4. Using a viscometer to determine the percentage composition of an unknown liquid mixture by measuring the flow time and comparing to other liquids.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Usman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views

Experiment: 1 Determine Surface Tension of Liquid by Stalagmometer

The document describes 4 experiments in physical chemistry: 1. Using a stalagmometer to determine the surface tension of liquids by measuring the weight and radius of falling liquid drops. 2. Using a stalagmometer to determine the surface tension of liquids of different concentrations by measuring the weight of falling drops. 3. Using a viscometer to determine the viscosity of liquids at room temperature by measuring the time it takes known volumes of liquid to flow between two marks in the apparatus. 4. Using a viscometer to determine the percentage composition of an unknown liquid mixture by measuring the flow time and comparing to other liquids.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Usman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Experiments Physical Chemistry

Experiment: 1

Determine surface tension of liquid by stalagmometer.

Stalagmometer basically consists of glass capillary tube with the bulb at the middle. In order to calculate
surface tension we need stalagmometer, measuring cylinder and beaker. The liquid to be tested is first
sucked into the stalagmometer up to a point and then the liquid is allowed to fall drop by drop. The drop
falls due to gravity.

When the weight of the drop (mg) becomes equal to circumference (2πr) multiplied by the surface
tension, it drops. The surface tension can be calculated provided the radius (r) and mass of the fluid
droplet (m) are given. Surface tension is directly proportional to weight of the drop. The surface tension
of fluid which is to be tested is compared with the reference fluid. Reference fluid is mostly water.

Experiment: 2

Determine surface tension of different liquids (different concentration) by


stalagmometer.

Stalagmometer is used to measure the weight of drops of a unknown fluid falling from the capillary tube
and there by calculating surface tension of a fluid. We can determine the weight of falling drops by
counting them. From it we determine the surface tension. Stalagmometer is filled with the reference fluid
and then allowed to fall drop by drop and then the same experiment is performed with the fluid to be
Experiments Physical Chemistry

tested. In this experiment we use specific gravity bottle. First we weight the specific gravity bottle and
then we weigh the specific gravity bottle with the reference fluid and with the fluid to be tested.

Experiment # 3

Determine the viscosity of liquid at room temperature by viscometer method.

Viscometer is use to measure the viscosity of a fluid. Viscosity is basically used to measure the opposition
to the flow of liquid. It is U-shaped glass tube and held vertically in a controlled temperature bath. In one
arm of the tube is a vertical section of precise narrow bore. Above there is a bulb. There is another bulb
lower on the other arm. Liquid is sucked up to the upper bulb and then allowed to flow to the capillary
tube into the lower bulb. There are two marks which indicate a known volume. The time which liquid
takes to pass through these marks is proportional to the kinematic viscosity.

Viscometer is first washed with the water and then filled with water. Then time is measured with the help
of stopwatch as the liquid moves from point A to point B. Same process is repeated with different fluids
in order to measure their viscosity.
Experiments Physical Chemistry

Experiment # 4

Determine the percentage composition of unknown liquid mixture by viscometer.

In this practical first we take the distilled water in two different beakers. Then we fill the viscometer up to
the point X with water. After that we observe the flow of water from point X to Y in the bulb. The same
process is repeated with different other liquid.

Viscosity measurements are very important. They are used to control the manufacturing of paints, rubber,
glues and synthetic polymers.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy