Unit – 1 (NUMERICAL METHODS-1)

Q.No Questions
1. 𝑑𝑦
a) Obtain 𝑦(0.2) using Picard’s method upto second iteration for the initial value problem 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥 2 − 2𝑦 , 𝑦(0) = 1.
b) Solve 𝑦 ′ = 𝑥 + 𝑦 , y(0)=1 by Picard’s method up to second approximation, Hence find the
value of y(1). Compare with exact solution.
2. 𝑑𝑦
a) Solve 𝑑𝑥 = y−x2, y (0) =1 by Picard's method up to the third approximation. Hence find the
value of y (0.1) and y(0.2).
b) Obtain a solution up to the third approximation of y for x=0.2 by Picard’s method, given that
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 ; 𝑦(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑥
3. 𝑑𝑦
a) Solve 𝑑𝑥 =x2+y2 , y(0)=0 by Picard's method up to the second approximation. Hence find
the value of y(0.1)
𝑑𝑦 𝑥2
b) Solve = , y(0)=0 by Picard's method up to the second approximation. Hence find the
𝑑𝑥 𝑦 2 +1
value of y (0.25), y(0.5), y(1.0).
4. a) Obtain a solution upto the third approximation of y for x=0.2 by Picard’s method, given that
𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 ; 𝑦(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
b) Solve 𝑑𝑥 = 1 + 𝑦 2 ;y(0)=0 ,compute y(0.8) correct to 4 decimal places by generating the
initial values from Picard’s second approximation.
5. a) Using Taylor’s series method, find y at 𝑥 = 0.1 and 𝑥 = 0.2 considering up to 4th degree
𝑑𝑦
terms. Given that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦(0) = 1
𝑑𝑦 1
b) Given the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 ,with y(4)=4 , obtain y(4.1) and y(4.2) by Taylor’s
series method
6. 𝑑𝑦
a) Solve = 2𝑦 + 3𝑒 𝑥 , y(0)=0. Using Taylor’s series method find y(0.1), y(0.2)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
b) Using Taylor’s series method, find y at 𝑥 = 1.1 and 𝑥 = 1.2 , Given that =
𝑑𝑥
1
𝑥𝑦 ⁄3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦(1) = 1
7. 𝑑𝑦
a) Employ Taylor’s series method to find the approximate solution to find y at x=0.1 given 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥 − 𝑦 2 , y(0)=1 by considering upto 4th degree term.
b) Use Taylor’s series method to obtain a power series in (x – 4) for the equation
𝑑𝑦
5𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 2 − 2 = 0, 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 1 and use it to find y at x = 4.1 ,4.2
8. a) Solve the initial value problem y' = -2xy2, y(0) = 1 for y at x = 1 using Taylor series method of
order four.
b) Find y at x=1.4 correct four decimal places given dy =(xy-1)dx and y = 2 at x =1 by applying
Taylor’s series method.
9. 𝑑𝑦 𝑦+𝑥
a) Solve by Euler’s modified method to obtain 𝑦(1.2) given 𝑑𝑥 = , 𝑦(1) = 2.
𝑦−𝑥
b) Solve 𝑦 ′ = log e (𝑥 + 𝑦), y(0)=2 ,h=0.2 by using modified Euler’s method at the points x=0.2.
10. 𝑑𝑦
a) Solve the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑥𝑦 2 under the initial condition y(0)=2, by using
modified Euler’s method, at the points x=0.1 and x=0.2 .Take a step size of h=0.1 carry out
two modifications at each step.
𝑑𝑦
b) Solve by Euler’s modified method to obtain 𝑦(0.4) given 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + |√𝑦|, 𝑦(0) = 1, ℎ = 0.4.
11. 𝑑𝑦
a) Given 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑥 2 = 0, 𝑦(0) = 0.Find correct to four decimal places y(0.2) using modified
Euler’s method.
b) Using Euler’s predictor and corrector formula compute y(1.1) correct to five decimal places
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 1
given that 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 and y=1 at x=1 , also find the analytical solution.
12. a) Solve y’ =x + y ,given y(0)=1 , by using modified Euler’s method step length is h=0.1.
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
b) Using modified Euler’s method find y at x=0.2 given 𝑑𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 2 with y(0)=1 taking h=0.1
Perform two iterations at each step.
13. 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 2 −𝑥2
a) Solve = 𝑦 2 +𝑥2 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑦(0) = 1 , find y at x=0.2 using Runge-kutta method of 4th order
𝑑𝑥
taking step- length h=0.2. Accurate up to 4th decimal places.
b) Integrate differential equation by Runge Kutta method of fourth order given 𝑦 ′ = −2𝑥𝑦 2 ,
y(0)=1, h=0.2 ,find y(0.2).
14. 𝑑𝑦
a) Apply Runge-kutta method to find an approximate value of y for x=0.2 in step of 0.2 of 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥 + 𝑦 2 , given that y=1 when x=0.
b) Use the Runge kutta fourth order method to find the value of y when x=0.3 given that y=1
𝑑𝑦 𝑦−𝑥
when x=0 and that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦+𝑥
15. 𝑑𝑦
a) Apply Runge-kutta method to find an approximate value of y for x=0.2 in step of 0.2 for 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥 + 𝑦, given that y=1 when x=0.
b) Apply Runge-kutta method to find an approximate value in the range 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.1 by taking
𝑑𝑦
h=0.1 for 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥(1 + 𝑥𝑦), given that y=1 when x=0
16. 𝑑𝑦
a) Apply Runge-kutta method of 4th order, to compute y(0.3).Given that 10 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
y(0)=1,taking h=0.3.
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
b) Using Runge kutta method of fourth order find y(20.2) for the equation 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 (𝑦),
y(20)=5 taking h=0.2.
17. 𝑑𝑦
a) Given that that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 (1 + 𝑦) and y(1)=1; y(1.1)=1.233 ; y(1.2)=1.548; y(1.3)=1.979,find y at
x=1.4 by using Milne’s predictor and corrector method.
b) Use Taylor’s series method to obtain the solution as a power series in x (up to third derivative
𝑑𝑦
terms) given that − 𝑦 2 = 𝑥, 𝑦(0) = 0. using this generate the values of y corresponding to
𝑑𝑥
x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 correct to four decimal places. Then apply Milne’s predictor corrector
formulae to Compute y at x = 0.8.
18. 𝑑𝑦
a) The following table gives the solution of 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑦 2 . Find the value of y at x=0.8 using
Milne’s predictor and corrector formulae.
x 0 0.2 0.4 0.6
y 0 0.02 0.07 0.17
𝑑𝑦
b) If 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ;y(0)=1, y(0.1)=1.1, y(0.2)=1.231, y(0.3)=1.402,compute y(0.4) correct to three
decimal places, using the Milne’s predictor –corrector method. Apply the corrector formulae
twice.
19. 𝑑𝑦
a) If = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ; 𝑦(0) = 1 , 𝑦(0.1) = 1.1169, 𝑦(0.2) = 1.2773, 𝑦(0.3) = 1.504. find y(0.4)
𝑑𝑥
correct to three decimal places, using the Milne’s predictor –corrector method. Apply the
corrector formulae twice.
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 1
b) Given 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 and the data, Compute y(1.4) correct to 3 decimal places by applying
Milne’s method
x 1 1.1 1.2 1.3
y 1 0.996 0.986 0.972
20. 𝑑𝑦 1
a) Using Milne’s formulae, Determine y(0.4) given the differential equation for 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑥𝑦 and
the data, y(0)=1, y(0.1)=1.0025, y(0.2)=1.0101, y(0.3)=1.0228. Apply the corrector formulae
twice.
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
(b) Using Milne’s method find y(1.4) given that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2 with y(1)=2. Obtain the initial values
of y at x=1.1, 1.2, 1.3 by Taylor’s series method of order 4.