CITIZENSHIP REPORT

OF FANI PROJECT

Name-DEBOPRIYA SARKAR

RIYA GHOSH

SAYAN DAS

SUSMITA BHATTACHARJEE

MSW 3rd Semester

Intern at:

ActionAid, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

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 Contents

CHAPTER NAME PAGE NO

1. Introduction .....................................................................................................3

2. Significance Of The Study...............................................................................3

3. Objectives...............................................................................................................3

4. Review Of Literature .........................................................................................4

5. About The Village................................................................................................5

6. Methodology .........................................................................................................7

7. Key Findings...........................................................................................................8-20

 Benipur ........................................................................................................8
 Badatara......................................................................................................14
 Nalakana......................................................................................................17

8. Pictures The Field Visit................................................................................................20-21

9. Recommendation for Government.................................................................22

11. RecommendationFor Civil Society...............................................................22

11. RecommendationFor Community................................................................23

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12.Conclusion................................................................................................................23

13. Reference ................................................................................................................24

1. INTRODUCTION-

Entitlement needs the fact of having the right to something, and entitlement is the right to
a particular privilege or benefit granted by law or custom. The process of entitlement in
any aspect can be lengthy complicated and at time expensive. But it is a vital part of the
development phase because it helps to determine what can and can’t be done with the
property. In other words, entitlement can make or break project/programme; in more simple
works entitlement is a legal agreement between the project workers Government to allow
for the development of a certain building type. In an earned sense the entitlement is usually
seen as beneficent.

The importance of the entitlement can’t be denied. Before a project can common sense; the
worker must be grained permission from local regular agencies and community. It is crucial
to be prepared for the stage of the development process, as the workers have to answer each
and every question of the city planner, local residence and Government leaders.

Here is the brief study of the Citizenship Report of Fani Project on three villages under Gop
block and Konarak NAC area, Konarak Odisha, on the basis of the three pillars of
development and social security.

2. Significance of the study-

At the beginning of May 2019, one of the devastating cyclones 'Fani' has stricken on the Odisha
state of India. It has destroyed a huge amount of natural resources and damaged the lives of
common people. Konark is one of the affected areas of this ruinous cyclone. The significance
of this study is to identify the primary needs and problems of the people who are residing in
those villages of Konark. As the Konark N.A.C area and the nearby villages are deprived of
various Government facilities, this research study can throw the light on their daily life
problems and showcases it to the Government of Odisha in a broad spectrum.

3. Objectives-
1. To understand the situation of the 4 phases of the disaster.

2. To know about the health status of the village after the cyclone.

3. To know about the educational status of the children after the cyclone.

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4. To know about the livelihood conditions of the village people.

5. To know about the external facilities the villagers are getting after the cyclone.

4.Review of literature-
On 2005 the India Government has enacted national Disaster Management Act for providing
relief and rehabilitation to the people for affecting the natural calamities. The NADA deals
with mitigation, preparedness, plans, reconstruction community awareness and financial
support. Disaster management refers to the conservation of lives and property during a natural
disaster.

Disaster Management of Government of Odisha-

Odisha State Disaster Management Authority is an agency of the department of revenue and
disaster management whose primary purpose is to carry out to respond to natural or manmade
disasters and for capacity building in disaster resiliency and crises response. As Odisha is the
State of coastal areas where devastating cyclone has destroyed all the places, the Government
of Odisha is trying to rebuild all the damaged houses and areas gradually. The Odisha
Government is making various plans for agricultural farmers because the Fani has affected
their farming production and their cropping system. Disaster Management in India refers to the
conservation of lives and property during a natural and man-made disaster. Disaster
Management plans are multi-layered and are planned to address issues such as floods,
hurricanes, fires, mass failure of utilities and the rapid spread of disease. India is especially
vulnerable to natural disasters because of its unique geo-climatic conditions, having recurrent
floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes, and landslides.
As India is a very large country, different regions are vulnerable to different natural disasters.
The new approach started from the conviction that development cannot be sustained unless
mitigation is built into the development process. Another cornerstone of the approach is that
mitigation must be multi-disciplinary, spanning across all sectors of development. The new
policy also emanates from the belief that investments in mitigation are much more cost-
effective than expenditure on relief and rehabilitation. Disaster management occupies an
important place in India's policy framework, as poor people are most affected by disaster and
they are India's predominant population.
Government’s steps-
The steps being taken by the Government emanate from the approach has been outlined above.
The approach has been translated into a National Disaster Framework (a roadmap) covering
institutional mechanisms, disaster prevention strategy, early warning systems, disaster
mitigation, preparedness and response, and human resource development. The expected inputs,
areas of intervention and agencies to be involved at the National, State and district levels have
been identified and listed in the roadmap. This roadmap has been shared with all the State
Governments and Union Territory Administrations. Ministries and Departments of the
Government of India and the State Governments/Union Territory Administrations have been
advised to develop their respective roadmaps taking the national roadmap as a broad guideline.
There is, therefore, now a common strategy underpinning the action being taken by all the
participating organizations/stakeholders.

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Disaster Management Act-
The Disaster Management Act was passed by the Lok Sabha on 28 November 2005 and by
the RajyaSabha on 12 December 2005. It received the assent of the President of India on 9
January 2006. The NDMA which was initially established on 30 May 2005 by executive order
was constituted under Section-3(1) of the Disaster Management Act, on 27 September 2005.
The NDMA is responsible for "laying down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster
management" and to ensure an effective response to a disaster.
Disaster risk Governance and lays down six thematic areas: mainstream and integrated disaster
risk reduction, capacity development, promoting participatory approach, working with elected
representatives; grievance redress mechanism and promoting quality standards, certification
and awards for disaster risk management.
National e-Governance plan for disaster management:-
The Governance in India can be traced to the computerization initiatives of Government in
India in the 1970s. Although at that time the focus was primarily on inter-connecting some
important Government offices and functions. The first step towards introducing e-governance
in India was taken up in 1977 by setting up of National Informatics Centre in 1977. A more
comprehensive initiative in this regard was undertaken by the Indian Government in 2006 only.
It is the first time when e-Governance was introduced at a wider scale all over the country. The
Government approved the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) in 2006. 4 new projects are-
Health, Education, PDS, and women. The Government has set up the vision, strategy, key
components, and implementation scheme for National e-Governance Plan.

Compensation Package of Government of Odisha-

1. The Government will provide Rs 30,000 for the loss of a cow and Rs 25,000 for the
loss of a bullock. For the death of a goat or a sheep, Rs 3,000 will be given, while
for poultry animals, a maximum of Rs 5,000 will be given.
2. One person could claim compensation for a maximum of three domestic animals. As
many as 7,53,809 livestock have been affected while 41,840 have died in the twin
disasters, official sources said.
3. For damage of a house, a family living in the hilly areas will get financial assistance
of Rs 1,01,900 while a family in the plains will get Rs 95,100. In cases of partial
damage, Rs 5,200 will be provided for pucca houses, Rs 3,200 for kutcha ones and
Rs 4,100 for huts. Besides, a compensation of Rs 3,800 for loss of clothes and utensils
during the natural disaster will also be provided.

5.About the village

 Benipur-
This village is consisting of 51 households. It is a homogeneous village in terms of caste and
class. Most of the villagers do work in the agricultural field as share farmers. Few of them work
as the tractor driver to earn more money.

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In the time of Fani cyclone, they were informed by Panchayat under Gop Block through
'Prachar cars'. They also got the information about the preparedness plan from the TV news.
They shored dry foods and drinking water and medicine for the children with them.

When the cyclone stroked they went out from their houses, as it started to demolish after 30
minutes of the stricken time of the cyclone. They fled away from the village to the Benipur
Upper Primary school which was situated 1 km away from the village. At the school, they
didn't get the food which should have provided by the government. They stayed there for three
days and their shored foods had finished after 2 days of their arrival. Last day they were given
food by the Panchayat. The food was not eatable as they said. So, they had to starve themselves
for the whole day.

After the cyclone has stopped they come back to their village and found the totally broken
houses of them. The immediate relief from the government did not come at that time and they
had to manage from their own savings. After one month they got 2000 INR from the
government as emergency response for their daily necessities. Again after 2 months they got
3000 INR and 50 kg of rice from the government as reconstruction cost and food necessities.
Between these days the ActionAid India Odisha through young India Namaskar community
radio started to sort out their needs and brought immediate reliefs to them. They provided mud,
bamboos and straws to rebuild their houses and also supplied those few daily necessities to make them
coped with the situation.

 Badatara-
Badtara village is under Badtara Panchayat, Gop block.Badatara village is large in size. The
most affected area From Fani of this village is consisting of only 22 households. This village
is heterogeneous in nature in terms of the caste and class of the people. There are two castes
among the villagers, SC and OBC. The people from OBC caste present themselves as a higher
caste of the village and the SC people see them as lower caste. The educational status of this
village is not good at all level. The children are going to government schools and private
schools. Only one of the young people is going to college. Eleven children are going to the
private schools and 12 are going to the Government schools. The age of marriage of the girl
children is 18-25 years. Maximum of them have Aadhar card, Voter card and Ration card. They
rear the domestic animal at their home.

Before the time of Fani the people were not informed by anyone about this cyclone. They were
not prepared for this cyclone. When cyclone stroke the villager went to the near 'Khotha Bari'
(Pacca house) to save their life as their houses started to demolish. Few of them got injured
during this situation by the broken masses of the houses. They stayed at that house for 3 days.
They didn't have proper storage of food and the food from the government which was scheduled
to come to them on the first day of the cyclone didn't reach to them. They ate the rest of the dry
foods and starved for the other two days.

After three days when the cyclone stopped, they came back to their village and found the
fully destroyed houses of them. On that time they created a temporary shelter made of rest of

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the material of their demolished house. After 15 days the Actionaid India Odisha through
Young India Community radio came to them and collected all the data for their daily and
immediate needs. Again after 15 days, they came back to the villagers with the material of the
house reconstruction and daily necessities to make them coped with the situation. Now the
villagers were recovering from their previous situation gradually.

 Nalakana-
The rural slam Nalakana is spread into a quite large area. The nature of the village is
homogeneous in terms of the caste and class. The maximum people of this village are daily
labourers. They earned money from that but no every time they get work to do. The poverty
level of the village quite high as this place is under the Konark N.A.C. area they don't get
any facilities from the local government. To get two times food in a day they go for beggary
to the other villages.

Before the time of Fani cyclone, they got the information about it through TV and radio.
They went to shelter 15 hours before the stricken time. The shelter was the Navadaya
Private School where everything was available for their emergency services. During the
cyclone, they were given meals of rice and daal and dry foods for three days. When they
came back to their home they had found their demolished houses. They did not have
anything to eat. The Sai Baba math had provided them a one-time meal in a day for 2 days
as emergency response and Panchayat also provided them with a one-time meal for only
one day. After that, they arranged foods by themselves. After 15 days of the cyclone, the
ActionAid India Odisha through Young India Community Radio station had reached out to
them and provided the basic daily life necessities and house reconstruction materials. They
also gave them the labour cost of the house repairing. After 1 month of the cyclone, the
government provided 3000 INR and 50 kg rice to the villagers as compensation of
emergency response.

6.Methodology-
Research Methodology is one of the basic and important parts of any research study. In this study, the
techniques of qualitative research have been used to collect and to analyze the data from these three
villages.

 Area of Study-
This study is conducted at these three villages under Gop Block and Konark N.A.C. area, Benipur,
Nalakana and Badatara.

 Universe of study-
The universe of this study is consisting of the people of Benipur, Nalakana and Badatara
villages.

 Sampling method-
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The sampling method which is applied here is Purposive Non-Probability Sampling.

 Sample Size-
The respondents of the sample size are taken from all three villages; 10 respondents from
Nalakana village, 18 respondents from Benipur village and 14 from Badatara village.

 Tools and Techniques for Data Collection-

1. Interview Schedule:- It is used to take the information from the respondents about their
situation and village.

2. In Participatory Observation:- It is used to collect data apart from the face to face
interactions as many data cannot be collected through the conversions only.

3. Case Study:- It is used to gather the stories and incidents of those particular respondents
who have faced the problems previously and how they are coping with the situation.

4. Focus Group Discussion:- It is used to collect the point of view of the respondents about this
situation and who they have coped with them and how they are going to identify and solve their
problems by themselves.

 Data Analysis-

As it is a qualitative research study the key findings from those villages will be considered as the
data analysis of this study.

7.Key findings:-
 BENIPUR VILLAGE-
Livelihood-

 The maximum people in this village are working on daily labour. They work in the
agricultural sector and earn money from them. Few of them are contactors of the
bus, driver of the tractor.
 They earn Rs6000 to Rs7000 annually from their occupations as they remain
unemployed for 8 months of a year. As this place is disaster-prone area maximum
of their income has used in house repairing. For these reasons, they can’t save their
money.
 They have three SHGs in their village. None of them is functioning properly. They
are not registered officially.
 There is no job security for the people.

Education-

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 There is an upper primary school from the 1 km away of this village. The children in the
village go to the school by walking their own.
 The educational status of this village is not considerable. About 90% of the people
in this village are illiterate. The new generation who are going to the school knows
how to read and write. 10% of people know how to write their name after learning
from their children who are going to school.
 Approximately 4 to 6 children are going to the college for their higher education.
Maximum children of this village drop out from their school for the work. The
tendency of child labour is high here because of the poverty.

Social security-

 Approximate 40% have not to land & 60% have land and also they have their own
will were there and the maximum houses were made by straw & bamboos.
 They have Ration cards, Aadhar cards, Voter cards and through ration card they
have got the characin oil and rice.
 People, who don’t own their land, are living on the land of those people who have
the land in the village as those landless people are living there for many decades.
 Whenever they get extra income, they spend money on substance abuse like
smoking, alcohol, and weed.
 Two of the people who got the house materials from the ActionAid they didn’t build
their house because they spend money to buy alcohol and smoking.
 Only two to three houses have complete structure.
 There is a mindset of gender inequality in terms of education.
 A water crisis is very much visible during summertime.
 Government has provided them only Rs 3000 just after the cyclone and after 2
months of the cyclone provided only Rs 2000 for all kinds of damaged houses& 50
kg rice to the villagers.

Health-

 There is no sanitary system available but the Government has now started to build
the toilets and only two toilet construction is an ongoing process in two families.
 There no availability of ICDS foods for pregnant mother and lactating mother and
newborn child, and the centre is far from the village, and the ICDS doesn’t follow the
diet chart.
 The hospital is also far from the village and basically, permanent mother faces the
problems.
 During menstruation time the adolescent girls’ go outside for the toilet, it is very
harmful and hazardous also.
 They use clothes during menstruation period because they can’t afford sanitary
napkins as their income makes them afford this.
 There are no health facilities available for handicap people and aged people at their
nearest hospitals.

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CASE STUDY- 1
NAME: ROZI BHOI

Caste- Other Backward Class

She came to know about cyclone Fani through Radio and TV. They are total of 4 members in
the client’s family. When the client got information about Cyclone Fani, she and her family
members stored required dry foods, clothes, important land and other documents along with
education study materials of children. The night before the strike of the cyclone, she and her
family shifted to Benipur School along with other villagers. During their halt at school, they
got readymade foods from the local authority which was indigestible. Due to limited space
available at the shelter school, the client with her family members forced to stay at congested
environment and suffocation where they spent 4-5 days. After the devastation caused by
cyclone Fani, they returned to their home and found their house damaged badly. According
to the client, the time after post-disaster was worst of her life and they were hopeless to
restore their house. Then after the team of YoungIndia and ActionAid reached after 15 days
at our village and supported us with dry food packets, hygiene kits, and educational kits and
extended their support to restore our house. After 1 month of Government. Officers visited
our village and provided us with 50kgs of rice, Rs2000 cash and a tarpaulin. In the words of
the client, “I would like to thank the team of Young India and ActionAid for helping us with
daily essential commodities like a bucket, mug, soap, detergent, sanitary napkin for female
members, dry foods, bed sheets etc. which helped us a lot. Now we have restored our
damaged house with the support of required materials like straw, bamboo, pole, rope, mud,
Thatcher etc from Young India and ActionAid. It was not possible to restore house without
this support, because we are daily labours and very poor people with having no lands. Now
we are very happy that our damaged house has restored and we are staying in it.”

CASE STUDY 2-
NAME: - Nabi Panda

Caste- Scheduled Caste

She is 75 years old. The worker started an interaction with her by asking questions about Fani
cyclone. She has 4 sons, but she lives with her husband in a mud thatched house. While

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interviewing her, the worker asked about the pre-disaster situation then she came to know about
the cyclone and what were those things that she had taken with her while going to the shelter.
She came to know about the Fani disaster through TV news before 2-3 days of the cyclone
happened. Because of the excess flow of wind, the roof of the house got damaged and she took
shelter in a nearby school-BENIPUR PRIMARY SCHOOL. As she described that she carried
all the essential documents, dry foods and some clothes. But she claimed that she faced lots of
problem regarding food, potable drinking water and toilet and after finishing the food she
carried, except biscuit she got nothing to eat. After 4-5 days of the disaster, she came back to
her home and found herself in a helpless situation where she had no place to stay, nothing to
eat or any kind of support from the government. Then, ActionAid and Young India ad jointly
took the initiative and went to the village. They helped her by giving food, daily necessary kit
(bucket, mug, bed sheet, soap, cleansing, plastic tent etc.). As only the roof got affected, she
and her husband repaired it by themselves. The only help that government after 1 month after
the disaster by proving one polyethene, 2000 Rs and 50 kg. rice. But even after a government
announcement of helping the ½ damaged households by providing 5 thousand rupees, she has
not received it yet. In their point of view,” we are very thankful towards ActionAid because
they helped us during our emergency time”

CASE STUDY 3-
Name – Pinky Bhoi

Name of the Husband- Abhimanu Bhoi

They are resident of the Benipur village under Gop block. Their house has divested during the
Fani cyclone. They had nowhere to stay. After 15 days of the Fani cyclone, the ActionAid
through young India has spread their hand for helping them. ActionAid has provided the mud,
straw and bamboos to them for rebuilding their houses. However, they are still making their
house now. The ActionAid also has provided the education kit to the children of them; basic
material like Amul tea milk, tea, bed sheet, bucket, mug, dry food, sugar, biscuits, refine oil,
soup, polyethene to make shad for houses during initial stages of post-disaster. They had
nothing left after the disaster. However, when ActionAid and YoungIndia hold their hand for
help they got to settle and tried to back to their regular life, which was to be before the disaster.
They are very much thankful and grateful to ActionAid with their heart and soul for helping
them when they are in need; in their words,” We were helpless during that time. But after they
came to us we were rescued and supported. We are now very happy as our life is becoming
stable.”

CASE STUDY 4-
Name- Joystna Panda

Husband’s name – Ashok Panda

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Son’s name- Ashish Panda

Daughter’s name- Krishna Panda

Caste- Schedule Caste

She is a housewife and also SHG member, her husband involves in bus conductor. Their house
was collapsed during the Fani, & the house made by the ActionAid. ActionAid was given some
material as (straw, bamboo, educational kits and hygiene kits). She has a Voter card, Adhar
card, and Ration card. They have some problems in terms of toilet facility. The government
provided 50 kg of rice and Rs 3000 to them other than they do not get any government facilities.
Even Their monthly income is 4000. They drink only tube well water which is provided by the
government. Her SHG name is Jaganath and this is not government registered and it is not
functioning. She told that the school was the shelter during Fani time. She told that “we are
very much grateful towards ActionAid& Young India because of their support during our
emergency time.”

CASE STUDY 5-
Name – Anusha Bhoi

Husband’s name- Sansthosh Bhoi

Caste- Schedule Caste

She is a housewife and has one son and three girls, the boy is studying in class 10 and one girl
is studying in class 8 and two girls are going to ICDS centre, and they are not regular because
of the distance from the village. She is not literate and can’t write her name also. Her husband
is daily labour but in one year only 4 months he can do work because of unavailability of daily
jobs. Her house also collapsed in Fani and the house is newly repaired by the Actionaid&
Young India. They have got the house materials and made their house. Government has
provided 50 kg of rice and Rs 3000. They don’t have any toilet facility and proper drinking
water facility. Their one-year income is Rs 6000-7000, and they can’t save the money because
their entire money is being invested in repairing of the houses. They have the Aadhar card,
Voter card, Ration card, through ration card they get some food grains which they use in the
entire month. She told that they have no power and not have available money to take action so
they can’t say anything towards the government. They said that “we are very thankful towards
the ActionAid & Young India because of their help in our emergency time”.

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION 1-

Topic: Educational Status after Disaster.

No. Participants: 7

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Focused Group: School Going Youth(Male)

KEY DISCUSSIONS:
The discussion topic is the situation of the school going youths after the disaster passed away.
They have told that no Education kit was left for them and they were not able to go to school.
The student who lost their house were more vulnerable as they told that they had to take care
of their families too. Even, they also have applied for government compensation related to the
disaster affected people but they haven’t received the amount of money they should get. After
getting the educational kit from ActionAid with the collaboration of Young India, now they
are able to go to school. That was the first support they get just after the disaster. Now, even
they are using the internet, Google to know about the recent educational scheme for scheduled
caste student as all of them belong to this category. After talking with the worker of ActionAid
and Young India, they came to know about many schemes that the government used to pay for
SC categorised students.

OBSERVATION:
As per the conversation, most of them are going at the college level but they have the tendency
to earn money through going abroad cities like Kolkata, Hyderabad, Surat, Kerala and other
places. They have told so many examples of some youth residing at the village who have
migrated for their food as their families are unable to fulfil their primary needs like and housing,
they can’t pay that much attention to the education of their children.

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION 2-

Topic -Major issues of the village

Focused group- women for the village

No of participants- 8

Key Discussion-
The Discussion topic was to identify the major issues and problems of the village people. The
participants of this discussion had pointed out some problems in the village and prioritised
them according to their immediate needs. They put the sanitation and water crisis problem on
the top of the table and then designed issues accordingly; ICDS centre issue, transportation,
health-related facilities availability and education of the children. The sanitation problem was
one of the major issues in the village. They did not have any toilet facilities at their houses
which caused them many health hazards especially for the women who were in their
menstruation. They used dirty clothes instead of the hygienic-sanitary napkins as they couldn't
access them for their poverty. The A.S.H.A. workers were also very much irresponsible and
irregular in their supervision. The water crisis was there for almost 8 months in every year. The
participants also discussed it as it caused them the problems in irrigation. The drinking water

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was very much poor in quality. The ICDS centre was far away from this village and the centre
never gave the proper nutritious foods to the children. In rainy season transportation was a big
issue there. The children couldn't go to the school for the waterlogging at the entrance of the
village. The roads were not smooth in the village also as the water loggings damaged the
surface of the roads and made them worthless of using. As the school was a bit away from the
village the children couldn't go to the school regularly on rainy days.

Observations-
The villagers were not aware of various government policies which are running at the
Panchayat level. Even they did not have any knowledge about the rights of them as a citizen of
this country. The participants had no enthusiasm for learning more about the possibilities of
resolving their problem by their own participation. They had become very much dependent on
the external resource for coping up with their problems. They also lost their hopes for their
secure lifestyle because of the repetitive cycle of natural disasters.

 Badatara Village-
Livelihood-
 The lower cast people main source of the income is both from bamboo crafts things&
agriculture, the higher cast people mainly involved in the agriculture work.
 As this place is disaster-prone area maximum of their income has used in house
repairing. For these reasons, they can’t save their money.
 They have a job card but they never get 100 days to work under MGNERGA.
 SHGs are not functioning properly, these are the government registered but they
didn’t get the loans.

Health-
 There is no proper drinking water facility available but one hand pump which is provided by
the government is there & the quality of the water is very low.
 During menstruation time the adolescent girls’ go outside for the toilet, it is very harmful and
hazardous also.
 They use clothes during menstruation period because they can’t afford sanitary napkins as
their income makes them afford this.
 The hospital is farther away from the village, Pregnant and lactating mother go for
their periodical check-up to the ICDS centre.
 As there is no space for sanitation so the government can’t provide the toilet to all
families.
 There are no health facilities available for handicap people and aged people at their nearest
hospitals.

Social Security-
 Maximum houses were made by the straw and bamboo.

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  People don’t have land rights as they are living at MONASTERY area. They don’t
have agricultural land too.
 Only a few of them have a job card but they are not able to find 100 days work under
the MGNREGA scheme.
 The villagers of Badatara village use to deprive the people of that para from the
schemes which they are entitled to get from Panchayat.
 PDS services are available here.
 There is a mindset of gender inequality in terms of education.
 The government provided only Rs 2000 for all kinds of damaged houses and 50 kg
of rice to all village people.
 They have Ration cards, Aadhar cards, Voter cards and through ration card they have
got the characin oil and rice.
 A water crisis is very much visible during summertime.

Education-
 The preliminary education of the children is quite questionable. There is primary
and secondary school- BadaramRai Adarsha UP School (Class I to V) and
BadaramRai Adarsha UchhaVidyalaya(class VI-X). Most of the School Going boys
go outside for work and became drop-out.
 90 % of people can write their name and some of them can read books also.

Case study- 1
Name- Promila Nayak

Husband name- Pradip Nayak

Caste- Schedule Caste

She is housewife, her husband involves in daily labour but sometimes he is jobless because of
the unavailability of the job opportunity. They have Aadhar card, voter card, ration card also.
They have financial problem and after Fani, they face many problems because of their house
repairing, but the ActionAid made a house. They use the hand wells water for drinking, but the
test is not good and during summertime, water crises was there that time they used the ponds
water for drinking purpose. During the cyclone, they left their domestic animals outside. As
per them in their village, the government didn’t provide any food or water during the cyclone,
& they stayed 3 days using dry foods. She is an SHG member of the SHG, This SHG is
Government register but they didn’t get any loan from the government, and the SHG is not
functioning properly.

She has two sons and two daughters, one son is Ramakanta Nayak, he is class 10 pass and
doing a job in Hyderabad in a hotel, he doesn’t send money to his family members

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Another son is Nalinikanta Nayak, he is studying in class 12. He has a bone problem in his
hand, the doctor told him for an immediate operation but the cost is to be very high which they
will not afford.

One daughter is Manisha Rani Nayak, she is studying in class 9. She is an adolescent girl she
faces lots of problem during the menstrual time because in their house has no toilet facility so
during this period she goes outside for latrine. She uses sanitary napkins which she gets one
packet from A.S.H.A. worker in RS 10 and sometimes she takes from the school also. She told
that if possible to study more &also to learn dance.

The last daughter is Rupali Nayak, she is studying in class 5 in a government school. Pramila
Nayak told the worker about the handicrafts work which she will be doing at staying in the
house and from which she can earn money. Promira Nayak said that “I am very thankful
towards ActionAid & Young India because they helped us during an emergency time”.

Case study- 2
Name – Bhunja Mallick

Name of the Family Member- Manju Mallick

Caste – Schedule Caste

Bhunja was residing at this village before the Fani cyclone with her only daughter. Her two
sons were doing the private job together in Delhi and they were living there. During the Fani
cyclone, they took the shelter at the Pacca house of their neighbourhood. Their house had
damaged during the disaster and they were homeless for 15 days before the rescue. Their house
had still the structure to repair. ActionAid and Young India had given the daily life’s
necessities, Amul tea milk, tea, biscuits, blanket, bucket, refined oil, carry power, soup, daal(2
kg), sanitary napkin, sugar, mosquito net, detergents, bed sheet, mug. After another 15 days,
the ActionAid through Young India provided them mud, straws, and bamboos for rebuilding
the house. As the condition of them was not good the organization transferred cash directly to
their hand for labour cost. Bhunja and her daughter went for the agricultural field for the work
to earn. However, they worked on repairing their house during the evening time. They said,”
We were divested by the cyclone from our regular life; on that time ActionAid and Young
India spread it’s helping hand to us. We are very much happy and grateful to ActionAid and
Young India for their supports”.

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Case Study -3
Name- Rasmita Datta

Husband’s Name- Prasant Datta

Caste- Other Backward class

Rasmita was residing at Badatara with her one daughter (05), mother (60) and widowed sister
in law (40). Her husband had left her five years ago. When Fani cyclone stroked at their village
they were helpless at that situation, their house was devastated and they went for the nearby
shelter. On that time they were starving for 4 days as the government could not reach out them
at that time. After 15 days of the cyclone, ActionAid through Young India Community Radio
reached to them and gave them immediate necessities, bed sheet, bucket, tea, Amul tea milk,
carry power, sugar, sanitary napkins, daal(2 kg), refine oil, soup, blanket, biscuits, detergents,
mug etc. ActionAid also provided them polyethene for making the temporary shade. After
another 15 days, ActionAid came to them for providing the materials for the house repairing
and house rebuilding. ActionAid provided them with the mud, bamboos, straws, and ensured
them to provide the labour cost after finishing their work. They had nothing left after the
disaster and ActionAid helped them to cope up with this situation by providing them with
emergency response. They thanked the ActionAid wholeheartedly for their help when they
were in need.

Case study-4
Name: - Naina Nayak

Caste- Scheduled caste

She is a destitute woman. She was bounded by her husband. Since her father used to take care
of her child and she became a migrated worker. She came back to her house, because of her
father’s blindness.

She even doesn’t have any idea about disaster forecasts. She had a mud thatched house and just
before the cyclone stroke, she left her house with her father. She took shelter in a neighbour’s
house during Fani .she only carried the essential documents. After the disaster’ impacts loosen
its hardness, she came back to her house, it was totally collapsed. She complained that she was
not associated with any kind of government help and rescue operation in terms of providing
materialistic supplements. She received 50kgs rice, Rs-2000 and 1tarpaulin. She faced every
possible problem which affected her badly. Later, the workers from Young India and
ActionAid reached their village and she got support as the village Badatara is situated in
monastery occupied area. ActionAid provided her dry foods, essential kits like bamboo, soil,
straw to rebuild their house. Now, she is stable and making arrangements for treatments of her
father. She will be migrated to other places because to seek a better job. She told that” I am
thankful towards Actionaid because of their emergency response.”

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  Nalakana Village:
Livelihood-
 The main source of income is beggary, daily labour.
 They have a job card but they never get 100 days to work under MGNERGA.
 SHGS are not functioning properly, these are the government registered but they
didn’t get the loans.
 There is no job security.

Health-

 There is no proper drinking water facility available but one hand pump which is
provided by the government& the quality of the water is very low.
 During menstruation time the adolescent girls’ go outside for the toilet, it is very
harmful and hazardous also.
 They use clothes during menstruation period because they can’t afford sanitary
napkins as their income makes them afford this.
 The hospital is farther away from the village, Pregnant and lactating mother go for
their periodical check-up to the ICDS centre.
 No special facility for old age persons in the hospitals.
 Some women use sanitary napkins.
 No special facility for disables people.

Social security-
 Only a few of them have a job card but they are not able to find 100 days work under
the MGNREGA scheme.
 Maximum houses made by the straw and bamboo.
 They have Ration cards, Aadhar cards, Voter cards and through ration card they have
got the characin oil and rice.
 Some people also take various types of substances like smoke, weeds, alcohol etc.
 Government has provided Rs 3000 for fully damaged houses and 50 kg rice to all the
villagers.

Education-
 There is an upper primary school from the 1 km away of this village. The children in
the village go to the school by walking their own.
 The educational status of this village is not considerable. About 90% of people of this
village are illiterate
 Maximum children of this village drop out from their school for the work. The
tendency of child labour is high here because of the poverty.

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Case study 1
Name: - Rozi Das

Mother’s Name: - Swarna Das

Caste- Scheduled caste

She is a student and shares about her experience of pre-disaster and post-disaster period. She
is 15yrs old who lives with her parents and two brothers. She reads in class 11. Before the
disaster took place, she got that news through RADIO NAMASKAR broadcasting which is a
project programme of Young India organization. She described the pre-disaster situation that
was as helpless for them as they were living under an unstable shelter-A mud thatched house.
They only took some dry foods, cloths, documents and she carried her books too. She went to
the Navodaya School along with her family to take shelter during the disaster. She told that
they were provided with dry food, and rice only once in a day. She didn’t face any problem
regarding drinking water or toilet. When the situation got normalized, she came back to her
home and found nothing to use. Before ActionAid and Young India reached to that village,
they used to live under a tent. After 15 days of the disaster, workers from ActionAid and Young
India took initiative and give her family Tarpaulin, food, daily necessary kit (bucket, mug, bed
sheet, soap, cleansing, plastic tent etc.). they provided her educational kit like school bag, water
bottle, pencil, pen, exercise books etc for which she is grateful to the organizations. After that,
ActionAid and Young India provided her family with bamboo, soil, straw to repair and rebuild
their house again. Till now, they have received 2000 rupees, 50 kg rice and a tarpaulin after
one month of the disaster. She said that she is very thankful to ActionAid for everything they
provided to her family.

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

Place: Nalakona

No. of Participants: 9

Focused group: Middle-aged women

Key topic: Post Disaster Situation

KEY DISCUSSION-
They lost their house because of Fani cyclone. They got Rs 2000 as immediate compensation
for their damages; 1 tarpaulin, 50kgs of rice but, after that, till now, they haven’t received any
kind of help from Government of Odisha.

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They have no lamed rights as of it is a NAC occupied area so govt. rarely takes necessary steps
for their development. Even, after Fani, they haven’t received any kind of support from the
Government.

ActionAid and Young India came to rescue them from the situation. They provided them with
foods and make rice for food. They also supplied daily essential and hygienic kit, education kit
and straws, tarpaulin and bamboo, soil etc. to repair or rebuild their house.

That time, they don’t have sufficient utensils to cook and to use in day to day life.

Observation-
Villagers didn’t have sufficient knowledge about the Government schemes because during the
discussion session they were not able to say anything about the schemes for which they had
been eligible. So lack of awareness had been a big problem that should be mitigated.

Villagers have become dependent on the civil society organisations, whenever they have
provided the people with an immediate response. They're still thinking that external help will
come up again to provide services. Throughout the session, they have asked whatever they can
get anything more from ActionAid.

People are less interested to talk about the quality of life. They have talked only about the Fani
related problems, they are always complaining about the systemin everything which can be
very harmful to them to become self-reliant.

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8. PICTURES OF THE FIELD VISITS

HOUSE MADE BY
ACTIONAID INDIA
ODISHA

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

AT NALAKANA VILLAGE

WATER LOGGINGS AFTER

FANI CYCLONE AT
NALAKANA VILLAGE

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 FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
AT BENIPUR VILLAGE

ATTENED A MEETING AT
BENIPUR VILLAGE

GOVERNMENT PROVIDING
TOILETS AT BENIPUR
VILLAGE

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9. Recommendations for Government-

 The villagers should be provided with the basic facilities for their daily life.
 The Government should provide sustainable livelihood to the villagers to uplift
their conditions.
 The linkage between the higher Government benefit provider and villagers
should be built properly to maintain the transparency.
 The evaluation and monitoring should be done by the Government on a regular
basis to avoid corruption.
 The awareness programmes about their rights should be done by the local
Government to increase the consciousness of the village people.
 The skill development training should be given to the SHG groups of the village
to uplift their economic conditions.
 The government should think to stop the open defecation of the village people
for their healthcare. If there is no place for building the toilet to each
household the common public toilet can be built at one or two places to
decrease the continuation of open defecation of the people.
 The government should think immediately for any projects to reduce the water
crisis.
 Roads and transportation should be built properly to decrease their trouble.
 The training in using digital technology should be done to improve their quality
of life.
 Should provide a marketing facility to the SHG members for uplifting their
economic conditions as there is no proper market at the nearby area.
 The Local Government should maintain equal participation from all the classes
and castes of the community at the time of organising any programmes and
meetings.

10.Recommendations for civil society-

•To uplift their economic conditions by using the indigenous methods of
livelihood.
• The emphasis must be placed on active participation in decision making by
women with a view to enhancing their role, status and leadership in local self-
governance.
• Should take the initiative to preserve the culture and heritage of the particular
community.
• Should build the connection between the government and community people.
• To conduct skill-building training to make the community people learn about
the proper usage of their indigenous resources.

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11.Recommendations for the community

 The community should give equal opportunity to the women and encourages them to
participate in the decision making process of the village.
 Communities should provide an ample array of programme opportunities that appeal
to and meet the needs of diverse youth, and should do so through local entities that
can coordinate such work across the entire community. Particular attention should be
placed on programmes for disadvantaged youth.
 To increase the likelihood that an ample array of programme opportunities will be
available, communities should put in place some locally appropriate mechanism for
monitoring the availability, accessibility, quality for programmes for youth in their
community.
 The people of the community need more consciousness to think about their
sustainable livelihood to become self-reliant rather than becoming dependent on
external supports.

12. Conclusion-

From this study, we have gathered the knowledge and get to know about the point of
view of the village people after this devastating cyclone. However, the condition of
livelihood, health and education are needed to be improved, especially for the women
and children for uplifting their quality of life in every aspect. Thus we are also very
much grateful to work on these ‘Fani Project’ and we want to do further work on other
disaster management programmes in the near future. We hope this study will be helpful
for the other researchers in their research studies.

13. Reference-

 https://www.landcentury.com/articles-news/what-is-land-entitlement-understanding-entitlement-
process
 http://vikaspedia.in/social-welfare/disaster-management-1/disaster-management-in-india
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entitlement
 http://www.osdma.org/
 https://m.timesofindia.com/city/bhubaneswar/lucknows-severe-air-makesit-most-polluted-city-in-
country/amp_articleshow/66313269.cms

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 NALAKANA tale of the land of poverty; Research Team: Rojalin, Priyadarshani, Meneka& Anita,
Analysis Report: Andaz Aaron

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