Study The Design Aspects and Function of Wet Type Multi-Plate Clutch

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IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 4 | October 2015

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Study the Design Aspects and Function of Wet


Type Multi-Plate Clutch
Rahul A. Raikwar Suhas Rewatkar
Student Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering
J D College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur J D College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur

Santosh Kumar
Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
J D College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur

Abstract
This paper gives the general introduction to the arrangement, design and some basic concept of multi plate wet type clutch. Fluid
plays an important role in this type of clutch so some of their properties are discussed. Some losses due to design parameters are
also discussed. To meet the requirements of low fuel consumption, good driving performance and manufacturing feasibility. This
paper will provide a design overview of the transmission architecture, main characteristics, key subsystems and control
strategies. This gives better understanding about working principle of clutch, material used for making the clutch plates. Effect of
design consideration can be further studied during its application in various conditions. In the CAD model actual clutch has also
been explained. The design approach is in the way of improving the efficiency of transmission system. Lastly there is the
solution given to the analysed error. Advantages, disadvantages and various practical applications are also discussed.
Keywords: CAD model, Housing, Wheel Clutch
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background:

The wet clutch is one of the part of transmission system in which with its design aspects efficiency will be improved. The
function of clutch is to engage and disengage the engine with rest of the transmission system. The main functional components
of this type of clutch are friction plates, fluid used and transmission gear. Due to engagement and disengagement the friction
occurs in between the two mating parts so that they are also designed carefully. More focus on design of the friction plates and
the selection of material. As fluid plays an important role in wet clutches so the movements of the internal parts are smooth. The
design will produce the maximum efficient output in such a way that it does not affect the primary purpose of wet clutches which
is its torque carrying capacity.

B. A Friction Clutch:

The vast majority of clutches ultimately rely on frictional forces for their operation. The purpose of friction clutches is to connect
a moving member to another that is moving at a different speed or stationary, often to synchronize the speeds, and/or to transmit
power.

C. Materials:

Various materials have been used for the disc-friction facings, including asbestos in the past. Modern clutches typically use a
compound organic resin with copper wire facing or a ceramic material. Though the harder ceramic materials increase flywheel
and pressure plate wear.

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Study the Design Aspects and Function of Wet Type Multi-Plate Clutch
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 4 / 013)

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

D. Components of Multi Plate Clutch:

 Housing
 Wheel clutch
 friction plate
 clutch plate
 Compression spring
 Clutch holder
 Hub

Fig. 3

II. DESIGN OPTIMISATION


 Reduction in fluid friction resistance (viscosity resistance) by clearance adjustment
 Optimization of the μ-V characteristics of wet friction materials.

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Study the Design Aspects and Function of Wet Type Multi-Plate Clutch
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 4 / 013)

Fig. 4

III. INCREASE IN POWER CONSUMPTION ARE DUE TO SOME OF THE FOLLOWING REASONS

A. Manufacturing:

Modern clutch development focuses its attention on the simplification of the overall assembly and/or manufacturing method. For
example drive straps are now commonly employed to transfer torque as well as lift the pressure plate upon disengagement of
vehicle drive. With regard to the manufacture of diaphragm springs, heat treatment is crucial.

B. Clutch Temperature:

The interface temperature in the clutch is known to have a significant effect on friction. surface active additives in the
transmission fluid that are present at the sliding interfaces in the clutch and which govern friction
The clutch temperature is governed by power input (sliding velocity and transmitted torque) and heat dissipation.

C. Fluid Formulation:

A transmission fluid consists of one or more base oils and a number of additives. A wet clutch transmission fluid must provide
adequate friction performance and at the same time have good shear and oxidation stability, anti-wear performance and corrosion
resistance. Performance requirements for transmission fluids are generally set by OEMs and include friction characteristics,
friction durability, oxidation stability and wear.

D. Friction Materials:

The friction material used has significant influence on the friction characteristics of a clutch. Friction materials commonly used
include paper, sintered bronze, steel, carbon fibre, cork, asbestos and aramid fibres. Key material parameters include friction
intensity, quality and stability, durability, heat resistance, heat adsorption and compatibility with oils and their additives. Paper
based friction materials, consisting of raw paper (cotton linters or cellulose fibers) in combination with a thermosetting resin
have been used since the late fifties. These offer low cost and good performance under low load conditions and remain by far the
most commonly used friction material in wet clutch applications. Sintered bronze and sintered brass friction materials are used
where service conditions prevent the use of discs faced with paper, synthetic or organic linings. Sintered bronze friction materials
are known to be sensitive to operating conditions but are able to cope with high temperatures and also decrease the clutch
temperature due to their good thermal conductivity. More recently, the use of carbon fiber as a friction material has increased.

IV. DESIGN ISSUES


After some researches it was found that there is a problem in the design parameters. There is also one parameter of fluid friction
which creates a magnetic flux which has direct impact effectiveness of clutch.

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Study the Design Aspects and Function of Wet Type Multi-Plate Clutch
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 4 / 013)

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

V. RESULT
The main output of the study was to evaluate the problem of breaking of the friction plate. The results show that there’s a
problem with properties of the materials viz. specimens after the concluded heat. The result also showed that at every aspect of
temperature there was a constant change in mechanical properties of the specimen viz. Hardness etc. The hardness property of
the material was checked under Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine which at the end showed positive sign, which was the
ultimate result or outcome of this study.

VI. CONCLUSION
From the various obtained result the study work can be concluded that the mechanical properties vary depending upon the
various heat absorbing process. Hence depending upon properties and application required we should go for suitable fluid or oil
for gear box. We have measure the hardness of the material in the Rockwell hardness testing machine with help of rockwell
hardness test with the help of intender.

VII. FUTURE WORK / SCOPE


The friction characteristics of the multi plate clutch are well understood at normal operating temperatures. so, at low
temperatures there are several effects which were not explained completely in this paper.
The simulation model which is designed can simplify product development and will be of great impact when tuning vehicle
transmission system control software. The model even be implemented in the clutch control software in production vehicles.
Further work in this area is strongly advised.

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Study the Design Aspects and Function of Wet Type Multi-Plate Clutch
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 4 / 013)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all I thank the almighty for providing me with the strength and courage to do the research study.
I avail this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude towards PROF. PIYUSH S. PANDE head of mechanical engineering
department, for permitting me to do the research study . I also at the outset thank and express my profound gratitude to my
guides for their inspiring assistance, encouragement and useful guidance.
I am also indebted to all the teaching of the department of mechanical engineering for their cooperation and suggestions, which
is the spirit behind this report.
Thanks to all my seniors who gave me the information and basic important knowledge about the topic.
My best regards go to all my colleagues for their pleasant cooperation last but not the least, I wish to express my sincere thanks
to all my friends for their goodwill and constructive ideas. .

REFERENCES
[1] http://www.kobelco.co.jp/english/ktr/pdf/ktr_27/058-062.pdf
[2] http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/179621/179621.pdf
[3] http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CCgQFjAEahUKEwj-5-u-
jLPHAhXSCI4KHVfaA18&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmkweb.uni-
pannon.hu%2Fhjic%2Findex.php%2Fhjic%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F380%2F349&ei=bGPTVf6BMdKRuATXtI_4BQ&usg=AFQjCNEBTpAgKLmNa
U1gp8mE-aLMTKc6AQ&sig2=EsJd7UsRAAXDj29vAeUkiQ&bvm=bv.99804247,d.c2E
[4] http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2005/28/LTU-DT-0528-SE.pdf
[5] http://rahulraikwar-xpro.weebly.com/

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