Sanduguan/blood compact- a treaty of

PRE COLONIAL PERIOD friendship.

Blood brothers-blood mixed with the wine in
Male cup and the concluding parties drank.
*Upper- Kanggan
Red=Chief, Black /Blue= lower position
*Lower- Bahag
LAWS
Customary laws- laws that handed down
Female
ORALLY FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION
*Upper- Baro/Camiss
and constituted of the bulk of the laws of the
*Lower- Saya(tagalogs), patadyong (visayan)
barangay.
*Waist- tapis (red/white)
Written Laws- were those that cheiftain and his
Putong-Male Headgear
elders promulgated FROM TIME TO TIME as
Red (Man's record in war)
neccessity arouse.
Embroided ( Man's recoed in war, killed atleast
Umalohokan-public announcer in barangay
7 men)
Judial Process-"Court"
Chieftain as JUDGE and His elders as JURY.
Ornaments Trial by Ordeal- PRACTIce BY WHIcH THE GUILT
Kalumbiga-Made of gold OR INNOCENT OF THE ACCUSED WAS
Gold-fillings between teeth DETERMIND BY SUBJECTING THEM TO A
Tattoo- war medal, more tattoo=vain &brave PAINFUL OR DANGEROUS. The test was one of
Pintados- Visayan term "Painted ones" life or death, and the proof of innocence was
Islas del Pintados- Island of the Painted ones survival.

HOUSES SOCIAL CLASSES

Made of woods,bamboo and nipa palm Noble-gat&lakan (gatmaitan &lakandula
Batalanes-galleries Freemen- maharlika
Bahandin=finery in the house Dependents- alipin
Ilongots and Kalingas-Northern Luzon, Dependents (Tagalog)
Mandayas and Bagobos- Mindanao (House on Aliping namamahay-have their own propeties,
trees' top) can marry.
Bajaos-Sea grypsies of sulu Aliping sa gigilid- no property, live with their
master, can marry ( but depends on their
GOVERNMENT master)
Barangay- unit of government and consisted of Dependents (Visayans)
30-100 families. Tumataban-work depend on the command of
Barangay derived from the Malay Balangay. the master
Balangay-boat (transportation) Tumarampok- work on one day with their
Chieftains- more powerful and respected of master
other chiefs. Ayuey-work for 3 days with their master
-exercised all function of government;
executive, legislator and judge ; supreme MARRIAGE
commander of war Before marriage, man must serve the family.
There is no national government or central Asawa-Legal wife
government. Kaibigan- mistress
Buwis-paid tributes Legitimate child inheritance the whole property
-Noble are exempted to pay buwis Conditions before marriage:
1.Bigay Kaya- for parents land, gold, DIVINATION AND MAGIC CHAR
dependents
Salaksak- when it crossed in the war means it
2.Panghimuyat- bayad sa nanay
sign of Victory
3.Bigay suso-bayad sa pagpapadede
Pangatauhan-can tell fortune to anybody
4.Himaraw-bayad sa nanay noong infant stage
Anting-anting/agimat-insured a man againts
ng babae
weapons of every kind
5.Sambon- Kamag-anak (Zambals)
Gayuma-made a man lovable
Pamumulungan/Pamamalae-ligaw bago kasal
Odom-charm
Tagabulag- made the bicolano invisible
Stages in Marriage of Muslim
Wiga (visayan)/Sagabe (Tagalog)- this charm
1st stage.Pananalanguni/Bethrothal- visit the
make a man walk in a storm or swim without
girl
getting wet.
2nd stage.Pedsungud-Bigayan ng
Tagahupa-mixed in drink and made the
1. Kawasateg- bigay sa kamaganak ng babae
unfortunate drinker a sort of vassal to the man
2. Siwaka- bigay sa nagayos ng kasal
with the magic potion
3. Enduatuan-bigay sa chief
4. Pangatulian- alahas sa nanay at tita
5. Tatas-blade para sa tito ECONOMIC LIFE
6. Langkad- pera sa nakakatandang kapatid Agriculture- main source of livelihood
7. Lekat- bigay sa dependent ng bride Land Cultivation- use of kaingin system (land is
3rd stage.Pegkawing-festival cleared by burning shrubs and bushes then
Hajj- person who read the marriage festival plants crops) and tillage
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS Pigafetta- chronicler of the Magellan expedition
Believed in life after death Cebu- abundant in millet, sorgo, orange, sugar
Bathala- Dios cane, coconut, gourd, garlic, lemon and other
Idiyanale-Agiriculture fruits
Sidapa-Death Palawan- same with Cebu aside from sweet
Balangaw-Rainbow potatoes and roots
Mandarangan-War Cockfighting- not of spanish origin - Palawan
Agni-Fire Irrigation-increased productivity in Ifugao rice
Magwayen-Other World terraces
Lalahon-Harvest Landholding- land rent is paid in gold
Siginarungan-Hell public property: less arable lands
Diyan Masalanta-Love private property: rich and cultivated land
Tigmamanukin-A blue bird that is worshipped Fr. Juan de Plasencia-wrote customs of the early
Likha or larawan-memory of dead relatives tagalog at the time of arrival of the spaniards
Anito-correspond to the present saints (in Rice- daily mainstay for the entire country
visaya-Diwata) Tuba-fermented sap from nipa palms
Baylana/Katalonan Father Francisco Colin- jesuit chronicler
Poultry- raising of chicken, pigs, goats, carabaos,
small native ponies and even elephants (gadya
BURIAL in Malay)
Laraw-mourning for a dead chief
Fishing-a thriving industry for settlements along
Sipa- fasting with limited/limiting their nutrition
rivers and seas
to vegetable
Mining- gold obtained from rivers and mines
Balata-Act of Revenging the dead
where natives work
Pasiyam-9th night after the death
Lumbering and shipbuilding- flourishing
industries as filipinos began to be proficient in
building ocean-going vessels boats were used King Philip II- were Philippines name derived
for travel, war and commerce from
Weaving- home industry for women
Domestic commerce- business transaction
Foreign trade- transaction with China, Japan, Who is ANTONIO PIGAFETTA?
Siam, Cambodia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java
- Famous Italian traveller
Barter system- currency was not in use
- Born in Vicenza
Gadya-Elephant;possibility that Elephant exist in
- 1490-1534
the Philippines
- also known as Antonio Lombardo or Francisco
Sulu-richest pearl beds were found
Antonio Pigafetta
Sinamay-kind of textiles; made of hemp
- great friendship with Magellan
Medrinaque- from banana, cotton linen and silk
together with Juan Sebastian
Elcano, in famous expedition
MUSLIM to the Moluccas begun in August 20
1.Shahada-profession of faith of 1519 and finished sept. 1522
"There is no God, but God and Mohammad is - Maluku Islands
prophet" 3times - Kept an accurate journal that
2. Salat- daily prayers was translated in Cebuano language
3. Zakat (alms giving)-offering
4.Saum-fasting during ramadan Magellans voyage
5. Hajj-Pilgrim of Mecca
March 16 1521 came to an island named zamal
Identification of sources March 17 1521 came on an inhabited island to
1.Primary sources restand treat the sick
-eyewitness,photographs,old maps,editorial March 18 1521 a boat with 9 men came before
cartoons/propagandas,cave paintings them
2. Secondary sources-interpretation of all  The island name is humunhon
primary source  They found white corals large trees with
2 Perspective fruit and many palms
1.Bipartile- dilim, liwanag  They were many island so they called it
3.Tripartile-liwanag,dilim,liwanag the archipelago of San Lazaro
March 22 1521 The men came as promised w/
coconuts orange and a jar of palm wine
 The people living near them are dark,
Magellan's Expedition fat and painted
Next Holy Friday the king and captain general
Historical Background agreed to be brothers
-Crusades (900 - 1200)-new world  They went to the kings house
Eurocentric-Europe is the world
 The island was called Butuan and
Spices-became the most lucrative commodity
Calagan
Prince Henry the Navigator -Maritime school
 First king Raia Colambus
Maps and compass - Atlantic Ocean Philip I
 Second King Raia Siaui
- Queen Isabela and king Ferdinand I
Last of March they had mass Ceylon (Leyte)
pope Leo 1 - Treaty of Tordesillas & zaragosa
Zubu (Cebu) Calagham (Calagaw) Mazawa
Ferdinand Magellan - Portugese
(Limasawa)
Ruy Faliero- friend of Magellan who presented
April 7 (Sunday) They entered the port of Zubu
their proposal about expedition
  They paid tribute to the king and the Encomienda - Hacienda System - Title of hand
latter welcomed them Encomendoro-Rich & Missionaries
Monday Morning the kind decided to Tribute - July 26, 1523 king Charles v
commence oh giving gifts to the captain that Indians who had been pacified
Wednesday Morning set up a cross should contribute a moderate amount"
April 14 (Sunday) the king was baptized as - closed the part of Manila
Christian Monopoly - birth of Gallon trade
-500 men were baptized before mass Manila - Acapulco
-At dinner, the baptized the queen who came tobacco monopoly - late 16th cent.
with 40 women. She is now Johanna. demand for Tobacco
-Men, women and children baptized-800 souls Ilocos region
-The king is now Raja Humabon Bandala system - Force purchase of good in
MATAN (mactan) small amount
Chiefs: zula & cilapulapu (lapu-lapu) lesser than the capital.
April 26 (Friday)-Zula asked the king to send Moro Resistance
boatload of men to fight cilapulapu Forced Labor (Polo Y Servicio)
April 271521 (Saturday)- Battle of Mactan - 18-30 yrs old
Polo- free labor
SPAIN’S COLONIZATION Polistas- workers exemption
Falla- payment to exclude
POLICIES
Mercantilism- stating that colonies exist to Effects of Colonial Rule
benefit the parent country
 Political
1525- Spain send 7 ships (lose)for another
Brgy. System (Datu)-> Centralized form of govt
expedition
(Gov. Gen.)
1526-locate the lose 7 ship-1527
 Economic
1542-Roy Villalobos named the Philippines
1564-Miguel Lopez De Legaspi expedition -Subsistence Economy (for your own and family
1565-Miguel Lopez De Legaspi concluded needs)
treaties of friendship with Native chiefs. Spread -trading partnerships
religion the Roman Catholic *Religious
Pagan Anito-Catholism Saints
Council of Indies-countries that Spain Conquer *Education
Informal-Formal
*Social
Maharlika, Timawa, Alipin -》 Peninsulares,
Insulares, Mestizo, Indio -》 Principalia,
Ilustrado, Indio -》 Elite, Middle Class, Poor
EARLY REVOLTS
 The Filipinos began to fight the
Spaniards the moment they settled
permanently in 1565 and continued this
resistance to the end of their rule in
1898.
 In October 1889, a group of ilustrados
in Paris, signing themselves as the
“Filipinos”.
 The Philippine Revolt patterns must be
treated holistically and not separately.
THREE CATEGORIES OF REVOLTS
 Personal and religious
 Resistance to Spanish- imposed
economic and religious institutions
 Land problems

EARLY REVOLTS TIMELINE

 HOW DID IT DEVELOP?
1. Influx of liberal ideas from Europe
2. Introduction of modern technology
3. The opening of Philippines to world
trade
4. The opening of the Suez Canal
5. The rise of new middle class
6. Secularization Issue
Two kinds of priest during the Spanish
Regime
Regular- Spanish priests who belong to
any of the religious orders.
Secular- Priest who obtained their
religious training in the Philippines who
were under the direct control of the
bishops and archbishops.
Filipino priests were not only denied
access to the parishes but some of them
were removed from their parishes to
accommodate the regulars . This event
turned out to be a racial discrimination
against Filipino secular priests.
7. Cavite Mutiny-
8. Trial and execution of GOMBURZA
9. Disillusionment over Spanish rule.

MORO RESISTANCE LAWS IMPLEMENTED BY THE

 Most united groups were the Muslims. SPANISH
 They were bounded by Islam.  Unpacified Areas -> Encomienda
 Continuous military expeditions failed  Encomienda = Hacienda System
to subdue them. They fought back by
 Tobacco Monopoly – bought goods
raiding the coastal towns under Spain.
through bandala system
WHY DID IT FAIL?  Bandala system – buying goods with
 Absence of national leader a cheap price and selling them
 Lukewarm spirit of nationalism among double the price
Filipinos  Polo y Servicio – Forced Labor
 Inadequate training and preparation for  Falla – Exemption from Labor
warfare
NATIONALISM
 It is the love of one’s country and
people.
 It is a feeling of oneness that binds the
people to a common past and a
common identity.