Projek Water Supply

TABLE CONTENT
NO. CONTENT PAGE
1. INTRODUCTION 3
2. SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY 4-5
3. TYPE OF WATER SUPPLY 6-7
4. WATER DISTRIBUTION 8
5. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 9
6. DISCUSSION 10
7. CONCLUSION 10
1
INTRODUCTION
Water supply system, infrastructure for the collection, transmission,

treatment, storage, and distribution of water for homes, commercial establishments,
industry, and irrigation, as well as for such public needs as firefighting and street
flushing. Of all municipal services, provision of potable water is perhaps the most
vital. People depend on water for drinking, cooking, washing, carrying away wastes,
and other domestic needs. Water supply systems must also meet requirements for
public, commercial, and industrial activities. In all cases, the water must fulfill both
quality and quantity requirements.
Water supply systems get water from a variety of locations, including groundwater
(aquifers), surface water (lakes and river), conservation and the sea through
desalination. The water is then, in most cases, purified, disinfected through
chlorination and sometimes fluoridated. Treated water than either flows by gravity or
pumped to reservoir, which can be elevated such as water tower or on the ground
(for indicator related to the efficiency of drinking water distribution see non-revenue
water). Once water is used, wastewater is typically discharge in sewer system and
treated in a wastewater treatment plant before being discharged into a river, lake or
the sea or reused for landscaping, irrigation or industrial use.
2
SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY
RAW WATER
PRE-LIME
Assimilation
ALUM LIME Coagulation
Precipitation
Filtering
POST-CHLORINE Disinfect
POST-LIME Clean water
FLUORIDE
Ballast tanks
Tank services
3
Sri Gading water treatment plants with the ivory operate
conventional treatment stages as follows:
 Raw water pump inlet to 'aerator' u o undergoing ventilation. At this stage

'hydrated lime' flown for the purpose of increasing the pH of the raw water to
the level required for the chemical reaction to coagulation. (PH 6.6 - 7.0)
 Aluminum sulphate supplied to the raw water prior to the flocculation process
is carried out. For this purpose 72 units of electric rotor (stirrer) 720 rpm installed
capacity by 3 speed levels to help the formation of flock.
 In addition to the formation of flock, floating solids passes out while the flock
formed in a larger size going through the process of precipitation in the tank to
precipitate (sedimentary tank)
 The flow of water going through the screening process for the separation of
dissolved solids formed. Filter sand will wash back through the process
automatically every 72 hours of operation or index filter pad head loss of 1.8 m
in accordance with the previous requirements.
 Water that has undergone a refining process will be applied to the tank at this
stage pedestrian and post chlorination disinfection is carried out for the next
post addition of lime to obtain the required pH (7.0-7.5) and the addition of
fluoride content in the water to the extent of 0.4-0.6 ppm.
 The results of this water treatment process that meets the requirements of the
standard are ready for clean water piped into ballast tanks and tank service and
so on to the consumer.
4
TYPE OF WATER SUPPLY
Before designing a cold water system for a building it is essential to know the water
authority requirements, Syarikat Air Johor (SAJ) is local water authority in Johor.
There are two distinct systems. Namely direct and indirect system
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION
Communication pipe :
Responsibility of supply authority, running from main to stop cock, just outside
cartilage. Right angles to main for easy location. Connection in direction of main
gooseneck to allow for differential movement minimum depth 0.75m
Service pipe :
From stop cock to fitment- under mains pressure, minimum join below ground
Distribution pipe :
From storage tank to fitments- under tank pressure
Has two types of water supply :
Direct system
Indirect system
Direct System
Supply straight from the tap and drain it into the service to all taps,
Indirect System
Supplying water to the water storage tank to redistribute the tap in the house
5
Table below shows the advantages of drainage water directly and indirectly system.
DIRECT INDIRECT
Less pipe work and smaller storage cistern, Large capacity storage cistern, provides a
making it cheaper to install. reserve of water during the failure of the
mains supply.
Drinking water available.
The water pressure on the taps supplied
Smaller cold water cistern which may be
from the cistern is reduced, which minimize
sited below the ceiling.
noise and water on the taps.
No storage to satisfy peak demand period.
Fitting supplied with water from the cistern
Risk of contamination and pressure are prevented from causing contamination
fluctuation of mains. of the drinking water by back siphon age.
Not feasible for high-rise buildings due to Water storage to meet peak demand.
main pressure
Less risk of adverse effect by water mains.
Can be used in high-rise buildings.
From our observations, Surau An-Nur use an indirect system. Which its means the
water from main pipe flow into the water storage tank that is above the building and
flow into each pipe which is inside the Surau An-Nur .
6
WATER DISTRIBUTION
An air flow to prayer Nur is from the water company Johor (SAJ) Sri Gading Batu
Pahat, Johor, directly to the city and flows into the KKTM Sri Gading up to the main
water storage tank. And from the main tank, the water will flow through the distribution
pipes directly to each building in the college. One pipe will flow to the water storage
tank An-Nur mosque and eventually flows into the main pipes around the mosque. Ball
valve must be in the water storage tank An-Nur mosque, their role is to control the
entry of water into the storage tank. The above process is to demonstrate how water
flows from the primary source to the end user.
7
Componentwatersupply
COMPONENTS EFFECTIVENESS
SHOWER  The main function of a shower is to

cleanse the body. Design spray of
water was variform .air being
produced right from the shower is
like rainwater.
 . Use toilet bowl toilet- is to receive

and dispose of sewage and
cleansing of impurities in natural
reservoirs splashed water system
shall be sufficient to move inside
the stool .- Most are designed with
the trap in order to conserve water
PIPE
 Pipes made of PVC (polyvinyl

chloride) is always used in toilet
features inexpensive, lightweight,
and has a variety of sizes
SINK
 The sink is used for washing

hands and utensils and other
8
 Controlling the flow of water
out of the pipe end
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS
9
DISCUSSION
The discussion contained in the report of this project is for general information about
the flow of water from the main supply to the civil An-Nur KKTM, Sri Gading, Batu
10
Pahat, Johor. In this task we can gain knowledge about the cold water that can be
supplied using either direct or indirect system in the building. In addition, the use of
component and system selection is available in all of the buildings that have been
listed are appropriate for the condition and use of the building that require continuous
water supply.
CONCLUSION
In our observation, the conclusion is that we get this building using indirect system.
Therefore, a tank used to store water is large. This is because of its high water
consumption and continuously.
11

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TABLE CONTENT

NO. CONTENT PAGE

2. SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY 4-5

3. TYPE OF WATER SUPPLY 6-7

Water supply system, infrastructure for the collection, transmission,

ALUM LIME Coagulation

POST-LIME Clean water

 Raw water pump inlet to 'aerator' u o undergoing ventilation. At this stage

From storage tank to fitments- under tank pressure

Has two types of water supply :

Can be used in high-rise buildings.

SHOWER  The main function of a shower is to

 . Use toilet bowl toilet- is to receive

 Pipes made of PVC (polyvinyl

 The sink is used for washing

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