TENSES

2.1.1. PRESENT (TIME NOW)

a. Simple present tense
In English Present Tense or Simple Present Tense is used to express events or events,
activities, activities and so on that occur at this time. Present Tense is also used to express a
fact, or something that happens repeatedly in the past. Remember, PRESENT meaning is
now, now.
The formula:
Positive: S + V1 (s / es)
Negative: S + DO / DOES + NOT + V1
Question: DO / DOES + S + V1
Positive Sentence Example:
I drink coffee
She drinks coffe
Coffee drink
How to read the formula:
S means Subject, V1 means Verb1 or first form verb.
When to use S or ES and when not?
If the subject is He, She, It, John, Mufli, Ellen or SINGLE third person then the verb is added
S or ES. Not just any added S or ES too, there is a list.
The above is the term Single Third Person, meaning this: The third person is the person we
are talking about, which we are talking about. While the first person is speaking. The second
person is talking. Single yes one. So the third person singular is the person we are talking
about and one is he. For example, we both talked about John Scoping. Who told me, who
heard you, what John Scoping (the third person) talked about. Understand right?
John Scoping learns Tenses.
John Scoping learnS english.
Can't LearnES, why? yes it is! But this one actually adds ES:
John Scoping goES to School (added ES).

Present Tense Negative Sentences

Negative Form, means to declare NO. Then according to the Present Tense formula, after
SUBJECT plus DO or DOES, then NOT, then add the first form verb without S or ES again.
Where is the S or ES? Already at the doES.
For I, WE, YOU, THE DO DO
For SHE, HE, IT, Mufli, Ellen added DOES
I do not drink coffee.
She does not drink coffee.
John Scoping does not learn english.
Sentence Ask Present Tense
The sentence asks for the Present Tense according to the formula above, or I write it again
like this:
Question: DO / DOES + S + V1

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It's the same as the partner. For I, WE, YOU, THEY use DO. For SHE, HE, IT, Mufli, Ellen
uses DOES. Examples like this:
Positive sentence: I drink coffee
The question sentence becomes: DO you drink cofee?
Positive sentence: She drinks coffe
Sentence asked: DOES She drink coffee?
The question sentence as above is also called YES / NO Question. Because the answer is
indeed Yes or No. Do You drink coffee? "Yes I do" he replied. Or it can be answered
completely: "Yes, I do drink coffee". It is also possible to remove the DO, become a positive
sentence again: "Yes I drink coffee".

b. Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense is used to declare something that is happening now, is
happening now. For example: I am writing now.
The formula:
Positive: S + Tobe + Verb + ing
Negative: S + Tobe + Not + Verb + Ing
Question: Tobe + S + Verb + ing
If "Tobe" later changes with is, am, are. Depending on what partner. In English, each
Personal Pronouncement or Change Person's Word already has its own partner. The Present
Continuous Tense will never be separated from this Tobe. Like this mate:
I am
She is, He is, It is, John is, Mufli is, and so on.
You are, We are, The are, John and Mufi are ...
This Present Continuous Tense is used if we emphasize the "Now" it. Repeated activities
such as "I go to work everyday" do not use the Present Continuous Tense, but only Present
Tense.
The following is an example of the Present Continuous Tense sentence according to the
formula above:
- I am writing now (I'm writing now)
- You are reading my article at present (What does that mean?)
- She is waiting for you.
Negative Sentences for Present Continuous Tense
It's easy for the Negative sentence, just add NOT after Tobe. Remember the formula right? S
+ Tobe + Not + Verb + ing.
Example:
- I am NOT writing now (I'm not writing now)
- You are NOT reading my article at present
- She is NOT waiting for you.
Earlier the Present Continuous Tense was used to express something that was happening at
this time? If it is negative, does that mean that NOT what is happening right now? That is,
this negative sentence is the form of the NO.
Sentence Asks Present Continuous Tense
- Are you writing now? (Are you writing now?)

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- Are you reading my article at present?
- Is She waiting for you.
You can also use the Asker Change Word like What, Where, Which, Why, Who and so on in
this question sentence. Examples like this:
-What are you writing now? (What are you writing now?)
-What are you reading (what do you read again?)
-Who is She waiting for
That's the basic about this Present Continuous Tense. The essence of Continuous is
"Medium", or say it is continuing (like the meaning of the word), is happening.

c. Present Pefect Continuous Tense

This one tenses is used to express an event, event or whatever its name, which has happened
and STILL lasts even very likely it will continue. From the past until now even later. The
word "already" or "from before" here could be the time yesterday, 2 hours ago, a century ago,
it could also be a few minutes ago. The point is the events that want to be expressed in the
Continuous Tense Pefect Present are actually similar to the Present Continuous Tense, it's
just that the emphasis is not at this time, but in that period of time: already, still and will.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense Formula
Positive: S + have / has + been + Verb + ing
Negatives: S + have / has + not + been + Verb + ing
Ask: Have / has + S + been + Verb + ing
We try with an example, the Present Tense form is like this: "I live here", English: "I live
here". We try to enter the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
"I've lived here 2 years." Already here? still right? tomorrow has not moved right? For this
condition we use this Present Perfect Continuous Tense, I have been living here for 2 years.
But if you say that you don't live here anymore, for example, just moved then use the
emphasis on ALREADY as in the Present Perfect Tense lesson, I have lived here ...
But again,
If you want to say "stay here" first, for example 2 years ago living here, I mean you don't
emphasize the USAI you live in but focus on those 2 years ago, then use Past Tense only: I
lived here 2 years ago .
The following are examples of Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
-She has been learning english for 3 years
-I have been teaching english since last year
-They have been touring since yesterday
Another example:
-I have been running Vnet Business Since December 2007. You?
Running Vnet Busienss above means "running a Vnet business", yes, not running.

2.1.2. FUTURE
a. Simple Future Tense
Future Tense or Simple Future Tense is used to express the events that will occur. Future
tense is about Later. The meaning of the word Future is "Future". Therefore in Future Tense
the use of the word Will, Shall which means it will certainly dominate.

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Still remember the distribution of Tenses in outline right? there are 3 major Tenses, namely:
Past, Present and Future (Previous, Present, Later).
Every Future must use WILL or SHALL, meaning WILL. But there is also the name Past
Future Tense later. Because Past then Will and Shall use the past as well, namely "Would",
we will learn more in Past Future Tense. Oh yes, after Will or Shall or Would must be
followed by form 1 whether it's a verb or an auxiliary verb.
Future Tense formula
Positive: S + will + V1
Negative: S + will + not + V1
Question: Will + S + V1
Shall is rarely used. Usually Shall for Subject I and We (I shall ..., We shall ...) and not for
others. But more often people use I will ... and We will ... So for I and We can use either will
or shall. While other subjects like HE, SHE, IT, YOU, THEY, WE all use Will. If so, to
facilitate my understanding ONLY will use WILL only.
Examples of Positive Sentences in Future Tense:
-I will study
-You will swim
-They will visit Tokyo
Future Negative Sentence Tense
Negative Sentences for Future Tense are also extraordinarily easy:
-I will not study
-You will not swim
-They will not visit Tokyo
It's easy, right?
Future Tense Sentence Tanya
Just stay behind, the Will is in front.
-Will You study?
-Will you swim?
-Will they visit Tokyo?
Of course, because Future Tense speaks "Will", the following information is usually added:
tomorrow, next month, three days to go, next year and everything that shows "will".
-You will swim together tomorrow
-They will visit Tokyo next year
-No one will stop us now from loving each other
-I don't think they will come on time

b. Future Continuous Tense

This one tense talks about an event that is "Happening" as well as a Continuous Tense
Present, but the difference in Future Continuous Tense is "While" it is not now but tomorrow,
will come, later.
So, "going on" is not only possible now, it could not have happened now but is happening
tomorrow. Understand this well so that you can understand Future Continuous thoroughly
and can use it without thinking again later :)
Examples like this:

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You call me and say I want to go to my house at 9 tomorrow. Wow, I can't accept guests at
that hour, because at 9 o'clock I will be swimming. My swimming schedule is 8:30 to 10:00.
So at 9:00 tomorrow it's swimming right? when is the swimming? tomorrow!. That is what
this "medium but will" means. Now you understand 100 percent right? In this case we use
Future Continuous Tense: "I will be swimming at 9 tomorrow, you may not meet me at
home".

Future Continuous Tense Formula

Ask: Will + S + be + Ving
Example:
- You're going to school at 7 tomorrow morning
+ You will be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning
- You won't be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning
? Will you be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning?
As I told you in every English Tenses lesson that contains the word "Continuous", always use
the verb ING, Verb + Ing. Every verb or auxiliary verb that follows WILL is definitely form-
1. Where is the first form there? In the "be" it.
Look at the order of changes for the auxiliary verb "to be":
"Be" or to be (am, is, are) - was, were - been
And every time there is to be, be it itself or am, is, are, was, were, then the verb must use
ING.
Example of Future Tense
-I will be swimming at 9 o'clok tomorrow
Next we compile, so that it's easy to understand, pay attention to using the formula:
-You will be working ...
-They will be driving home ...
-He will be learning music ...
Try making a few more of your own examples for positive sentences in the form of Future
Continuous Tense, yes English, if Indonesian doesn't feel the tenses because the verb doesn't
change.
Future Continuous Tense Negative Sentence
It's easy, just add NOT after Will, like this:
-You will not be working ...
-They will not be driving home ...
-She will not be learning music ...
Loh said earlier Future Continuous Tense is used to express something that is going to
happen in the future, this is negative does it mean NOT going to happen? False? This is the
negative form!
The Future Question of Future Continuous Tense
The question sentence in the form of Future Continuous Tense is also very easy, only Will is
in front. Like this:
-Will you be working ...?
-Will they be driving home ...?
-Will she be learning music ...?

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c. Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense is used to express something that "has happened, but it WILL". It will
be like that. If you open another English lesson about Future Continuous Tense, Future
Perfect Tense will also be very easy to understand. Who said that "already" was only first?
You can also "will"! Future means Will, Perfect means already. It's a headache without a case
example right?
To be clear, I repeat again the example of Future Continuous Tense:
You call me and say I want to go to my house at 9 tomorrow. Wow, I can't accept guests at
that hour, because at 9 o'clock I will be swimming. My swimming schedule is 8:30 to 10:00.
So at 9:00 tomorrow it's swimming right? when is the swimming? tomorrow!. That is what
this "medium but will" means. Now you understand 100 percent right? In this case we use
Future Continuous Tense: "I will be swimming at 9 tomorrow, you may not meet me at
home".
Now, look carefully!
From the events above, if I was 11 I WILL BE FINISHED to swim, right? Well, by 11 am I
will finish swimming. That is what I mean by ALREADY this, Future Perfect Tense: "I will
have swum".
How come swum? yes, the form of the swim verbs from the 1st to the 3rd is: swim - swam -
swum. Form of ING swimming
Future Perfect Tense formula
Positive: S + will + have + V3
Negative: S + will + not + have + V3
Ask: Will + S + have + V3
Because of the Future, there is Will. There are also verbs that help "Have" the first form
because they follow Will. Because Perfect, then use the form-3 Verb and I write V3 (Verb 3).
Examples of Positive Sentences Future Perfect Tense:
-I will have swum at 11 tomorrow
From the example of Future Continuous Tense to be Future Perfect Tense like this:
-You will have worked ……
-They will have driven home ...
-She will have learned music ……
Negative Sentence Future Perfect Tense
It's easy, according to the formula, add NOT after Will:
-You will not have worked ...
-They won't have driven home ...
-She will not have learned music ...
Sentence Question Future Perfect Tense
It's easy too, according to the formula, put Will in front:
-Will you have worked ...
-Will they have driven home ...
-Will She have learned music ...
So what is the Future of Perfect Tense? Already Will! Not About Will Already? How come
it's similar huh? indeed, it could also be said that. The point is you have caught it right?
d. Future Perfect Continues Tense

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 Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express events that: will, have and are still in
the future. Confused?
It is indeed similar to Future Continuous Tense too (it will be happening sometime in the
future), only if Future Future Continuous Tense is emphasized in a longer period of
occurrence (it has begun, it still happens, will continue) but not now but in the future come. If
that is the case then the name Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Is that right? The difference
is only in the Present and Future. Yes, different times. The one is now (present) and one later
(Future).
An example is Future Perfect Continuous Tense
To be clear, we repeat again starting from the example
Future Continuous Tense:
You call me and say I want to go to my house at 9 tomorrow. Wow, I can't accept guests at
that hour, because at 9 o'clock I will be swimming. My swimming schedule is 8:30 to 10:00.
So at 9:00 tomorrow it's swimming right? when is the swimming? tomorrow!. That is what
this "medium but will" means. Now you understand 100 percent right? In this case we use
Future Continuous Tens: "I will be swimming at 9 tomorrow, you may not meet me at home".
If like this then Future Perfect Tense:
Future Perfect Tense is essentially the "Will or Will Be". From the events above, if I was 11 I
WILL BE FINISHED to swim, right? Well, by 11 am I will finish swimming. That is what I
mean by ALREADY this, Future Perfect Tense: "I will have swum".
Now pay close attention! this part
Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
Can I say that at 9 tomorrow I will be swimming for 30 minutes.
Tomorrow right? Yes, the future.
At 9 start? Yes, it starts at 8:30
It will continue, right? Yes, the schedule is until 10:00.
Already, medium, will, in the future! That is the essence of Future Perfect Tense!
So the complete sentence of Future Perfect Continuous Tense is like this:
-I will have swimming for 30 minutes at 9 tomorrow

Future Perfect Continuous Tense Formula

Positive: S + will + have + been + Verb + ing
Negatives: S + will + not + have + been + Verb + ing
Ask: Will + S + have + been + Verb + ing
Here is another example for Future Perfect Continuous Tense, simplified so that the formula
is easily understood. I have explained the context in use at the top.
-You will have been working ...
-They will have been driving home ...
-She will have been learning music ...

Negative Form of Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Just add NOT after Will.
-You will not have been working ...
-They will not have been driving home ...

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-She will not have been learning music ...
The Question Form of Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Just stay behind Will in front:
-Will you have been working ...?
-Will they have been driving home ...?
-Will She have been learning music ...?

2.1.3. PAST FUTURE

a. Past Future Tense
Past Future Tense is used to express events that WILL be done, BUT in the past, not now.
Learning English Tenses is indeed going around around this time: past (past), present /
present (present), later / will (future). Be Past Future means the past, past, will.
To make it easy for you to understand, consider the following Case Examples:
Yesterday my friend came home early at 7 o'clock. I was forced to just chat for a while at
home, because the time was really tight, at that time "I will go to work".
We highlight this "Will Go to Work".
When? Yes, yesterday
Anyway? Yes, indeed, but not now, yesterday!
Past Future Tense Formula
Positive: S + would + V1
Negative: S + would + not + V1
Question: Would + S + V1
Where's the past? Will Would.
Often people use "Should". To facilitate understanding, I only use the Would in the Past
Future Tense series of tenses.
Examples of Past Future Tense Positive Sentences
-I would go at 7am when he came to my house yesterday
The following examples are made easy just the basic sentence:
-You would work ...
-They would drive home ...
-She would learn music ...
Past Future Negative Sentence
Just add NOT after Would:
-You would not work ...
-They would not drive home ...
-She would not learn music ...
Sentences Ask Past Future
Stay Would it be in front:
-Would you work ...?
-Would they drive home ...?
-Would he learn music ...?

b. Past Future Continues Tense

Well, this Future Continuous Tense Past is very similar to ordinary Future Continuous Tense,

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it's just Past. So, to make it easy to understand, don't forget you learned first until you can
Future Continuous Tense, then make it the past tense. Just add it in front of it?
Like the example I gave in Future Continuous Tense, this is about events that will take place.
Now Past Future Continuous Tense is also about that, it's just that it will take place first, not
now, not later.
Case example for Future Continuous Tense like this
Yesterday, my friend said I want to go home at 9 o'clock. Remember, this was yesterday.
Wow, at that time I couldn't accept the guest at that hour, because at 9 o'clock I would be
swimming. My swimming schedule yesterday was 8:30 to 10:00. So 9 o'clock yesterday will
be swimming right? when is the swimming? yesterday!. That is the meaning of "being but
first". Now you understand 100 percent right? In this case we use the Future Continuous
Tense Past: "I would be swimming at 9 yesterday, so guests couldn't receive it yesterday".
Past Future Continuous Tense Formula
Positive: S + would + be + Verb + ing
Negatives: S + would + not + be + Verb + ing
Question: Would + S + be + Verb + ing
Examples of Past Future Continuous Tense sentences:
-I would be swimming at 9 yesterday.
When the postman arrives, he will take a shower. Fortunately, the letter was accepted,
otherwise the letter was returned to the sender's address.
-When the post came, She would be taking a bath.

Another example:
-You would be working ...
-They would be driving home ...
-She would be learning music ...
-He would be having lunch When I adopted him for help
Future Continuous Tense Negative Sentence
-You would not be working ...
-They would not be driving home ...
-She would not be learning music ...
Sentence Asks Past Future Continuous Tense
-Would you be working ...?
-Would they be driving home ...?
-Would he be learning music ...?

c. Past Future Perfect Tense

English Tense Past Future Perfect Tense has the same pattern with ordinary Future Perfect
Tense, the difference is only in the Past.
Case example for Past Future Prefect Tense
Yesterday, my friend called me and said he was going to my house at 9. Remember, this was
yesterday. Wow, at that time I couldn't accept the guest at that hour, because at 9 o'clock I
would be swimming. My swimming schedule yesterday was 8:30 to 10:00. But if 11 o'clock
is allowed. Because I will swim at 11 o'clock. When will it be? yesterday, Past. In this

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situation we use Past Future Perfect Tense: "I would have swum at 11 yesterday".
Past Future Prefect Tense Formula
Positive: S + would + have + V3
Negative: S + would + not + have + V3
Question: Would + S + have + V3
Example of sentences:
-I would have swum at 11 yesterday
Remember, the 3rd form of the verb is swum (Swim - Swam - Swum).
Usually this Tense, this Past Future Perfect Tense, is often used for wish. My high school
teacher used to say this was used to express events or events that "would have happened in
the past if the conditions were met". Example:
-He would have passed the examination if I had learned hard
He would have graduated if he had studied hard
-We would have arrived on time if we walked faster
We should have just arrived earlier
Another example that is simplified according to the formula:
-You would have worked ...
-They would have driven home ...
-She would have learned music ...
Negative Sentence Past Future Prefect Tense
-You would not have worked ...
-They would not have driven home ...
-She would not have learned music ...
Sentence Asks Past Future Prefect Tense
-Would you have worked ...?
-Would they have driven home ...?
-Would he have learned music ...?

d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Still remember Future Perfect Continuous Tense right? Tense is used to express events that:
will, have and are still in the future. Then…
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is to express the above as well, but in the past, the past.
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense about events or things that will have happened in the
past.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense Past Formula
Positive: S + would + have + been + Verb + ing
Negatives: S + would + not + have + been + Verb + ing
Question: Would + S + have + been + Verb + ing
Example:
-I would have been swimming for 30 minutes ...
The story is like this:
When you called me at 9 am yesterday, I had been swimming for 30 minutes, and still
swimming again some time after that.
"I would have been swimming for 30 minutes. When You called me yesterday."

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This time yesterday, I have been waiting for you for more than 2 hours.
"At this time yesterday, I would have been wating for you for more than two hours."
Another example:
-In May 2007, I would have been living in Tanggulangin for 3 years
The story is like this:
I'm telling a story about Lapindo Hot Mud. When the mud first spurted out, I would have
lived near it (Tanggulangin) for 3 years, but it had not been up to 3 years, it would be almost
3 years, by 3 years. Then I continued to live there until the end of November 2007. It will still
be right? But first.
Another example:
"When she decided to get married," She would have been working there for 1 year ".
When he decided to get married in the past, he had worked there for a year.
Try to feel with your feeling about the Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense.
The Perfect Future Continuous Tense Negative Sentence
It's easy, just add NOT after the Would
-I will not have been swimming for 30 minutes
-I would not have been living in Tanggulangin for 3 years
-She would not have been working there for 1 year

Past Future Perfect Sentence Tense Sentence Sentences

It's easy too, just put it first Would:
-Would you have been swimming for 30 minutes?
-Would you have been living in Tanggulangin for 3 years at that time?
-Would she have been working there for 1 year?

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 PAPER

TENSES

BY :

NAME : FITRI NURHASANAH

CLASS : XII IPA 3

SMA NEGERI 1 CIOMAS

PERIOD 2018 / 2019

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