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HAND OUTS IN ARTS 10

(Third Quarter)

Media-based Arts and Design in the Philippines

INTRODUCTION
The previous quarter provided an overview of the phenomenal capabilities and possibilities of the
electronic or digital media available in today’s technology driven world. These have enabled amazingly
innovative art forms to evolve far beyond traditional painting, sculpture, & architecture. As quickly as
technology is able to develop new devices, gadgets, & techniques, modern artists and designers adapt them
to enhance their creative expression.
In this quarter, the modern techniques and trends in photography, film, print media, digital media,
and product and industrial design will be explored. Most notably the talent, creativity, and quality
workmanship of Filipino artists and designers in all these fields will be recognized and celebrated. Not only have these brought
Philippine artistry to the world’s attention, but they have opened up an entire range of opportunities for young Filipinos to develop and
apply these talents—and earn a living while doing so.
Technological advances continue to be a major driving force in the directions that each of these art forms has taken. Among
the results have been exciting innovations in materials manipulation, coloring and embellishment techniques, and creation and
production processes applied to all today’s media—whether physical and tangible, or virtual in cyber space.

Photography
in its early stages during the late 19th century, photography was viewed as a purely technical process, that of recording visible
images by light action on light-sensitive materials. In fact, its very name—from the Greek “photos” (meaning light) and “graphos”
(meaning writing)—states this process literally.
In comparison to the highly-regarded arts of painting and sculpture, then, photography was not immediately considered art.
But it was not long before the artistry of 20th century photographers elevated this “light writing” to an aesthetic form in its own right.

The Photographer as Artist

Focusing a camera at a subject and clicking the shutter is photography as process. Discerning a
significant moment or a unique expression, framing it in the camera viewfinder with an eye for composition,
and then clicking the shutter is photography as art. That discernment and that eye for composition are the
factors that elevate a photographer from a mere recorder of images to an artist.
In a pictorial shoot, the photographer may position lighting, modify the lens setting, or use filters to
create an effect he or she has conceptualized beforehand. The tools and techniques may not be those of the
traditional artist, but the aesthetic principles are the same.
For today’s photographers, the process goes even further. Theyzz may take the exposed film into a dark room or subject the
digital images to their photo editing software—and there manipulate the images with the myriad of photo enhancement techniques and
tools currently available.
Whether left untouched from the instant the image was captured or was digitally or manually altered, the resulting photographs
can be startlingly impactful. It becomes clear how the photographer has captured the elements of form, color, light and shadow, texture,
and composition to create a true work of art.

Photography as Communication
Being a modern art form means that photography is now viewed as being more than just beautiful. It
is also considered one of the most powerful means of communication.
Next to the printed word, the photographic image is today’s most important means of conveying
information and ideas, expressing emotions, even championing causes.
This power comes from two distinctive characteristics of photography: immediacy and detail. An
image recorded by a camera has a sense of authenticity. Because the lens captures the image objectively, the
resulting photograph is regarded as ‘true to life’ and ‘of the moment.’ At the same time, the camera takes in
every detail of an image. Thus the photograph has a sense of completeness.
For these reasons, photographs are vital tools in communication fields such as journalism, advertising, education, and even in
courts of law. They have also been used to eloquently speak out against social and political issues.

Noteworthy Philippine Photographers

The Philippines has joined the rest of the world in applying the wonders of modern photography to every aspect of life—from
personal to professional to national to global. And with our country’s natural beauty, a number of local photographers have taken on the
Philippines and our people as a major focus of their lenses.
Among these are George Tapan, John K. Chua, Manny Librodo (http://gulfphotoplus.com/workshops/instructors/35/Manny-
Librodo), and many other talented members of the Federation of Philippine Photographers Foundation (FPPF)
(http://www.photoworldmanila.com/about-fppf/).
George Tapan is an award-winning travel photographer who has won two Pacific Asia Tourism Association (PATA) Gold
awards, an ASEAN Tourism Association award, and first place in the 2011 National Geographic Photo Contest. His highly acclaimed
work has been published in five travel photography books.

Into the Green Zone Other photos by George Tapan

Tapan’s 1st place-winning image in the 2011 National Geographic Photo Contest

John K. Chua is best known as an advertising and

commercial photographer, with over 40 years of experience in
this field and numerous local and international awards for his
work. At the same time, he has applied his photo artistry to
showcasing the beauty of the Philippines.

Snake Island, Palawan Gulf of Davao

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Film
Another art form which has risen to tremendous heights within the last century is film or
cinema. As its early name “motion pictures” declared, film brought yet another dimension into play—
that of moving images. The possibilities of this medium created a new art form that was to become a
powerful social and economic force, and a legacy of the 20th century to the world.

A Technology-driven Art
Cinema, just as all modern arts, has been greatly influenced by technology. In the case of cinema, however, it is an art form
that came into being because of technological advances. The transition from still photography came in the late 1800s with “series
photography” and the invention of celluloid strip film. This allowed successive still photos of a moving subject to be captured on a strip
of film advancing through a single camera. This was the seed of the highly-advanced film medium we enjoy today.
The need to view these moving images led to the rise of the Kinetoscope, a peepshow cabinet
with an eyehole through which these earliest “movies” could be viewed one person at a time. A
motor inside the cabinet moved the film strip along in a loop, with an electric bulb providing
illumination from beneath.
In the meantime, European and American inventors were providing one technological-
advancement after another. The French developed the “cinematographe,” a hand cranked
camera, printer, and projector all in one that was lightweight enough to bring outside the studio.
By 1901, the earliest motion pictures were rapidly progressing from one-scene, studio films to
multiple-scene narratives filmed outdoors. Driven by these and many more advances, the art aspect of filmmaking was born.

The Collaborative Art of Filmmaking

Filmmaking, because of its technical complexity, involves entire teams of artists, writers, and production experts, supported by
technicians taking charge of the cameras, lighting equipment, sets, props, costumes, and the like—all under the supervision of a film
irector.
Film directing - It is the director, like the painter & sculptor in traditional art, who envisions the final effect of the film on its
viewers, visually, mentally, & emotionally. While the painter & sculptor work with physical materials, the film director works w/ ideas,
images, sounds, & other effects to create this unique piece of art. He or she conceptualizes the scenes, directs the acting, supervises
the cinematography & finally the editing & sound dubbing in much the same way as a visual artist composes an artwork. Clearly,
however, the director does not do all these alone.
Through the years, the complexity of filmmaking gave rise to numerous allied arts that did not previously exist.
Acting - First and foremost, there was the art of acting for film. With live theater as the only form of acting at that time, film
actors had to learn to express themselves without the exaggerated facial expressions and gestures used on stage. With the addition of
sound in the 1930s, they then had to learn to deliver their lines naturally and believably.
Cinematography - Behind the scenes, there was cinematography or the art of film camera work. This captured the director’s
vision of each scene through camera placement and movement, lighting, and other special techniques.
Editing - This was joined by film editing, the art of selecting the precise sections of film, then sequencing and joining them to
achieve the director’s desired visual and emotional effect. Sound editing was also developed, as films began to include more ambitious
effects beyond the dialogue and background music.
Production/Set design - Underlying all these was the art of production and set design. This recreated in physical terms—
through location, scenery, sets, lighting, costumes, and props—the mental image that the director had of how each scene should look,
what period it should depict, and what atmosphere it should convey. This included creating worlds that did not exist as well as worlds
that were long gone, designing each production component down to the very last detail.
. Again, all these allied arts were made possible through the advances of modern technology. From cumbersome machines that
could barely be moved, today’s highly sophisticated cameras and accessories can handle even the most demanding camera work.
From the era of silent films, today’s films incorporate a vast range of voice, music, and sound effects to suit an ever-widening array of
film genres. From manual rendering, today’s animated films use the awesome capabilities of computers to amaze moviegoers of all
ages.

Film Genres
The public response to motion pictures was immediate and enthusiastic. From makeshift nickelodeons (movie theaters
charging a nickel for entrance) in 1904 to luxurious “dream palaces” for middle class moviegoers by 1914, public showings of movies
were a big hit. With World War I over and the establishment of Hollywood as the center of American filmmaking in 1915, the movie
industry was on its way to becoming one of the biggest and most influential of the century. With financial success came the rush to
release more and more films, in an ever-wider variety—leading to the many film genres we know today.
First there were the silent films starring Charlie Chaplin, and the “slapstick comedy” films of
Buster Keaton and later Laurel and Hardy. With sound still unavailable, these films relied on purely visual
comedy that audiences found hilarious. Then, there emerged the gangster movie genre as well as horror
and fantasy films that took advantage of the sound technology that was newly available at that time.
Sound plus color then allowed for further development of animated feature films, as well as what
became the major American genre of the 1930s—the movie musical. Here, the spectacle of theater
productions was brought to the movie screen, incorporating singing, dancing, and elaborate production numbers enhanced by emerging
film techniques.
Further developments in cinematic and sound technology led to even more genres: war and disaster films, westerns or
“cowboy movies,” thrillers or suspense films, historical or biographical films, film epics, and film adaptations of literary classics.
In a similar way, the tremendous advances in computer technology in recent decades have fueled the rise of futuristic or science
fiction films, as well as special effects movies featuring live actors, animated characters, or live actors and animated characters
together.
Documentary films, a non-fiction genre, were made using real-life footage as well as file materials, in many cases to present
an issue. Finally, a special genre known as art films (“indie” or independent films) caters to a small group of viewers and critics,
consciously concerned with the artistic merits of a motion picture.
Charlie Chaplin in A Dog’s Life, 1918

Philippine Filmmakers
in the Philippine film scene, the American influence was evident in the pre-World War II and Liberation years with song-and-
dance musicals, romantic dramas, and comedy films. Beginning with the turbulent 1970s, however, progressive Filipino directors
emerged to make movies dealing with current social issues and examining the Filipino character.
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Among them were Lino Brocka (Tinimbang Ka Ngunit Kulang, 1974; Maynila, Sa Mga Kuko ng
Liwanag, 1975), Mike de Leon (Itim, 1976; Sister Stella L, 1984; Bayaning 3rd World, 1999), Ishmael Bernal (Himala, 1982), and
Peque Gallaga (Oro, Plata, Mata, 1983).

Lino Brocka A Mike de Leon film Ishmael Bernal Laurice Guillen Marilou Diaz Abaya

Laurice Guillen’s Salome (1981) earned international acclaim at the Toronto International Film Festival. Her more recent
films, such as Tanging Yaman, (2001) which won Best Picture in the Metro Manila Film Festival, American Adobo (2002), Santa Santita
(2004), and Sa ‘Yo Lamang (2010), all gained her recognition among the current generation of Filipino moviegoers.
Marilou Diaz Abaya captured the attention and respect of the viewing public with powerful films such as Jose Rizal (1998),
perfectly timed for the centennial celebration of Philippine independence; Muro-ami (1999), which bravely exposed the deadly practice
of using child-divers to pound for fish in the Philippines’ coral reefs; and Bagong Buwan (2001), which dealt with the human cost of the
Muslim-Christian conflict in Mindanao.

Salome, 1981 Tanging Yaman, 2001 Jose Rizal, 1998 Muro-ami, 1999

Crossing over easily between projects for television and for the big screen is veteran film director Maryo J. delos Reyes. The
heart-warming drama film Magnifico won for him the Best Director distinction at the 2003 FAMAS Awards and garnered other local and
international film awards as well. Delos Reyes continues to be active in both film and television media, having become known for well-
loved teleseryes (television drama series).

Maryo J. delos Reyes Magnifico, 2003 Brillante Mendoza Kinatay (The Execution of P), 2009

Another Filipino film director who has brought the country to the cinema world’s attention is Brillante Mendoza. Mendoza was
originally a production designer for films, commercials, and music videos, and started directing films in 2005. But in just four years, his
film Kinatay (The Execution of P) won for him the Best Director award at the highly prestigious Cannes Film Festival of 2009.

Animation
In recent decades, a whole new career opportunity has emerged for creative Filipinos via the field of animation. In fact,
Filipino animators have been involved in the creation of some of the best-loved—and technically challenging—animated feature films
produced in the last few years. Among these are Toy Story, Up, The Incredibles, Monsters University, Cars, Finding Nemo, Planes,
Brave, Shrek, Kung Fu Panda, and more. Such recognition of Philippine talent abroad has, in fact, spurred the development of the local
animation industry as well.

Animation Council of the Philippines

The Animation Council of the Philippines, Inc. (ACPI) is a non-stock, non-profit organization that
aims to create an identity for the Philippines within the animation industry, making it one of the preferred
sources for animation services worldwide. The organization works hand in hand with participating colleges and
universities, the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and other government
agencies, and local government units to develop animation as a promising career option for Filipinos. In 2013,
TESDA and ACPI began offering 2D and 3D Animation Scholarships to interested high school graduates,
between the ages of 18 and 45.
The showpiece of the ACPI is Animahensayon, an annual festival and competition featuring the works of Filipino animators.
Apart from this major project, the ACPI grants the annual “Outstanding Emerging Artist in Animation Award” for outstanding young and
fast-rising cartoonists and animators in the country. It also confers the Animahenasyon's “Lifetime Achievement Award” on notable
animators and other contributors to the Philippine animation industry.

Philippine Animation Studio, Inc.

The Philippine Animation Studio, Inc. (PASI) was established in 1991 and has since collaborated on numerous animation
projects and series with foreign partners. Among these have been Captain Flamingo, Producing Parker, Groove High, and Space
Heroes Universe. For this last cartoon, PASI was tapped by a children’s entertainment company based in Sydney, Australia and went
on to win the Best Animation Category in the 2012 Pixel Awards.

Captain Flamingo Groove High Producing Parker Space Heroes Universe

Among the other exciting milestones in the fast-emerging Philippine animation industry was the creation in 2008 of Urduja, an
animated film adaptation of the legend of the warrior princess of Pangasinan. Produced by APT Entertainment, Seventoon, and
Imaginary Friends, Urduja is recognized as the first fully-animated Filipino film, created by an all-Filipino group of animators using the
traditional (hand-drawn) animation process with some 3D effects. The characters were voiced by an all-star cast of actors from
Philippine cinema and television, with the screenplay written in Filipino.
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Also released in 2008 was Dayo: Sa Mundo ng

Elementalia, said to be the country’s first all-digital full-
length animated feature film. Produced by Cutting Edge
Productions, the film presents Philippine mythical
creatures as heart-warming characters in a young boy's
adventure. The production involved over 500 local
animators and featured a “tra-digital animation”
technique. Its characters were rendered in 2D animation,
while the backdrops were created using 3D animation.
Urduja Dayo: Sa Mundo ng Elementalia RPG Metanoia Dayo was also the first ever animated movie to be
screened during the Metro Manila Film Festival, as it was entered in the 34th MMFF in December 2008.
Another breakthrough was the first Filipino full 3Danimated film, RPG Metanoia, co-produced by Ambient Media, Thaumatrope
Animation, and Star Cinema in 2010.

Print Media
Alongside the digital media forms discussed above, there remains the more conventional form known as print media.
Included here are large-scale publications such as newspapers, magazines, journals, books of all kinds, as well as smaller-scale
posters, brochures, flyers, menus, and the like. Of course, all of these now have their digital counterparts that may be accessed and
read on the internet. However, there continues to be a demand and a purpose for the actual printed forms of these materials. And
whether printed on paper or viewed on the web, these materials once again involve and showcase Filipino artistry.

Advertising
One major field that still relies heavily on print media is advertising. Despite the soaring popularity
and seemingly limitless possibilities of online advertising & social media, Philippine artists are still called
upon to create advertisements that will be physically printed. These appear in newspapers, magazines,
posters, brochures, & flyers—each with their specific target readerships and markets, and highly-
specialized approaches for reaching these target groups.
Along with the advertising copywriters who provide the text for titles, taglines, and body copy, an
entire team of modern-day art professionals creates the look of each ad. These range from art directors to
photographers to graphic designers to illustrators. If the ad subject requires it, the team may further
include food and product stylists, fashion stylists, hair and makeup artists, set and lighting designers. All
for the purpose of creating an advertisement that will appear on a printed page or in a format that will be handed out to potential
customers.

Comic Books
Another field of print media that highlights the artistic gifts of Filipinos is that of comic
books, or komiks as they are referred to locally. The popularity of Philippine comics began in the
1920s when Liwayway magazine started featuring comic strips, such as Mga Kabalbalan ni
Kenkoy (The Misadventures of Kenkoy) created by Tony Velasquez. Velasquez went on to be
recognized as the “Father of Filipino Comics.”
With the coming of the Americans to the
country, local comics were clearly influenced by
popular U.S. comics with superheroes as the
main characters—resulting in local counterparts
such as Darna and Captain Barbell.
Even decades before, however, komiks
creators had already introduced characters, of
Mga Kabalbalan ni Kenkoy Darna Captain Barbell themes, and story lines from Philippine folklore,
mythology, and history. With books and libraries not yet readily accessible to a majority of the Filipino public, comics became a major
form reading material around the country, avidly read and shared by young and
old alike.
Filipino comics artists also Pilipino became recognized for their talents,
both locally & overseas. Thus, from the 1960s to the 1980s, Filipino artists were
recruited to work for foreign comics publishers—among them the highly popular
DC Comics.
A more recent development in the Philippine comics scene has been the
rise of comics series reflecting or commenting on current political and social
issues or on the Filipino character in a humorous way. One such series is the
long running Pugad Baboy, created by Pol Medina, Jr.
Komiks, Lapu-lapu cover Tagalog Klasiks With the phenomenal rise of digital media in recent decades, however,
By Francisco V. Coching (1954) The local comics industry seemed to take a backseat. But there is a current
resurgence of
interest, not only among comics readers and collectors, but
among Filipino artists and illustrators creating original concepts
and experimenting with exciting new styles.
There is now an entire range of subjects, characters,
formats, and artistic treatments available for aspiring young
comics artists to bring to life. The following are just a sampling of
the possibilities.
Pugad Baboy The Filipino Heroes League, created by Paolo Fabregas

Trese, created by
Budjette Tan and
Kajo Baldisimo
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Skyworld: Safe Passage, created by Ian Sta. Maria Kiko Machine, created by Manix Abrera

Kuting Magiting, created by Robert Magnuson Mythspace, created by Paolo Chikiamco and Borg Sinaban

Book Design and Illustration

Yet another extremely rich and promising area for young Filipino artists is the field of book design and illustration. Thanks to
the visionary mind sets of progressive Philippine book publishers such as Bookmark, Anvil Publishing, Adarna Books, and Tahanan
Books for Young Readers (now Ilaw ng Tahanan Publishing), local book designers and illustrators have been given the professional

Ang Tuta ni Noe, by Virgilio S. Almario, illustrated

by Sergio Bumatay III
How Long Till September, by Tanya Sevilla-
Simon, illustrated by Jill Arwen Posadas
Whuush! by Glenda Oris, illustrated by Aldy
Aguirre
Mahabang-Mahabang-Mahaba, by Genaro Gojo
Cruz, illustrated by Ghani Madueño
But That Won’t Wake Me Up!, by Annie Dennise
Lumbao and Anelka Lumbao,
illustrated by Liza Flores
Published by Adarna Books

Why the Piña Has Ningning A Sea of Stories Gotita de Dragon

a Hundred Eyes By Gilda Cordero-Fernando By Carla M. Pacis and Other Stories
By Neni Sta. Romana-Cruz Published by Bookmark Illustrated by Ruben de Jesus By Nick Joaquin
Illustrated by Felix Mago Miguel Published by Bookmar Illustrated by Beth Parrocha
Published by Bookmark Published by Anvil Publishing

Digital Media
All the artistic skills and techniques that go into producing
books like those just presented, of course have their counterpart in
the ever-growing world of digital media. This means that books that
were originally available only in print are being gradually converted
to digital format, while new books are now conceptualized, written,
designed, and illustrated precisely for these online media.
This also means that the manner by which today’s readers
can find, access, and enjoy these electronic books (or ‘ebooks’) is Alpabetong Filipino The Mats
via digital media tablets, ebook readers, and other handheld reading By Nicanor G. Tiongson By Francisco Arcellana
devices. One such device that is available locally is the ebook reader Illustrated by Crispin Dayao, Jr. Illustrated by Hermes Alegre
called Kobo, which features international as well as Philippine titles. Published by Tahanan Books Published by Tahanan Books
Likewise gaining in popularity are social media-based for Young Readers for Young Readers
publishing sites, like Wattpad, that serve as communities for millions
of budding writers to share their original stories online. This phenomenon, along with the rise of electronic distribution platforms, such
as Flipreads, which provide access to the works of Filipino authors and publishers, is also opening up exciting new opportunities for
young artists to do the digital design and illustrations for all these upcoming titles.

Innovation in Product and Industrial Design

Yet another breakthrough arena for Filipino imagination, ingenuity, and innovativeness in recent decades has been that of
design. Specifically, this encompasses product and industrial design as applied to furniture, lighting, and interior accessories, as well
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as fashion from haute couture to bridal ensembles to casual wear. As a result, a number of Filipino designers have risen to
superstardom both locally and internationally.
Kenneth Cobonpue
Cebu-based Kenneth
Cobonpue is a multi-awarded designer
and the creative director of Hive, a
design and manufacturing facility for
designers of interior accessories and
lighting. Cobonpue’s freand exciting
concepts and excellent craftsmanship
have earned him the acclaim and the Yoda chair Carousel lamps Trame chairs
patronage of discerning clientele the world over—including prominent Hollywood celebrities.

Monique Lhuillier
Also hailing from Cebu City, Filipina fashion
designer Monique Lhuillier first rose to prominence for her
exquisite wedding gowns. But she has since become one
of the darlings of the Hollywood celebrity set, with several
A-list stars having worn her couture creations to gala
events & award shows, as well as to their own weddings.
Lhuillier studied at the Fashion Institute of Design
& Merchandising in Los Angeles, and now has her own
retail boutiques in that city and in New York. Her collections include bridal and bridesmaids dresses,
ready-to-wear, evening gowns, linens, tableware, stationery, and home fragrances.

Josie Natori
Another name that has a prestigious place in the
New York fashion industry is that of Josie Natori. Born
Josephina Almeda Cruz in Manila, this Filipino-American
fashion designer began her career as an investment
banker, before she made the dramatic shift to creating her
own lines of lingerie, resort and lounge wear, as well as
semi-formal and casual attire.
She went on to establish The Natori Company that has built up a lifestyle brand that today
includes four lingerie lines, the Josie Natori ready-to-wear collection, home accessories, fragrance, and eyewear.

Rajo Laurel
Probably best known to the
general public as a judge on the television
series Project Runway Philippines, Rajo
Laurel is a much-admired Filipino fashion
designer with a number of national and
international awards to his name. He
trained at New York’s Fashion Institute of
Technology and at Central Saint Martin’s in London.
Laurel is also a savvy entrepreneur, establishing House of Laurel and Rajo Laurel Enterprise. His
creations maintain a Filipino sensibility, incorporating embroidery, beadwork, and hand-painted prints, while
also offering the prestige of limited edition pieces. Thus, he has gained a loyal local following and the attention
of the international market.
Laurel also co-pioneered the social enterprise known as Rags2Riches. This organization enables
women from poor communities across the country to earn through creating fashion and home accessories out
of up-cycled scrap cloth, organic materials, and indigenous fabrics. Today, Rags2Riches has evolved into an
ecoethical lifestyle brand.

Lulu Tan Gan

Known for her fashionable knitwear lines since 1985, Lulu Tan-Gan
had been dubbed “The Queen of Knitwear” in the country. That specialty has
since evolved into a new hand-woven line, called Indigenous Couture, that
blends Philippine artisan crafts, fabrics, fibers, and other local materials with
Tan- Gan’s signature contemporary lifestyle dressing.
The designer’s vision is to encourage the use of stylized indigenous
and traditional wear, as she draws inspiration from the rich textile & embroidery
traditions of the Philippines and interprets these in modern styles and silhouettes. Further, each Tan-Gan
creation is 95% hand-made—hand-loomed (knitted and woven) by Philippine artisans.

Dita Sandico-Ong
Another Philippine designer who has been advocating the use of
local weaving techniques and natural fibers is Dita Sandico-Ong. Known as
the “Wrap Artiste” of the Philippines for her famous bold-colored wraps,
Sandico-Ong first experimented with the local weave of Ilocos Sur, known
as inabel, as well as with pineapple fibers blended with Irish linen, dubbed
piñalino.
From there, she tried other local fibers, particularly abaca which she was introduced to by weaver
and entrepreneur Virgilio Apanti. Sandico-Ong has since been working with a multipurpose cooperative in
Catanduanes, training them in natural dye extraction and advanced weaving techniques for abaca.
Today, her collection includes wraps or panuelos, as well as boleros, jackets, and long tunics of
banana fiber and abaca. Her designs are presented in fashion shows around the world and are sold in high-
end shops in major international cities. Photo: Philippine International Aid
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LONG TEST IN ART - 10

(Third Quarter)

Name: ______________________________________________ Section: __________________ Score:_____________

I. Identify what is being asked.
__________1. Photography comes from the two greek words “photos” means light and “graphos” means _________.
__________2. A nonfiction genre, were made using rea-life footage as well file materials, in many cases to present an issue.
__________3. It caters to a small group of viewers and critics, consciously concerned with the artistic merits of a motion picture.
__________4. A nonstock, non-profit organization that aims to create an identity for the Philippines within the animation industry .
__________5. The first fully animated Filipino Film.
__________6. When was the first comic published in liwayway magazine?
__________7. Father of Filipino comics
__________8. A multi-awarded designer and a creative director of Hive
__________9. She is known as the “the queen of knitwear”
__________10. She is the “Wrap Artiste” of the Philippines.
__________11. It is the first all-digital full-length animated feature film.
__________12. A hand cranked camera, printer, and projector all in one that was lightweight enough to bring outside the studio
__________13. The early name for Film or cinema
__________14. Best known as an advertising and commercial photographer
__________15. An award winning travel photographer who has won two Pacific Asia Tourism Association Gold awards

II. Directors and Films. Match Column A to Column B. Letter only

Column A Column B
_____1. Lino Brocka a. Santa Santita, 2004
_____2. Ishmael Bernal b. Magnifico, 2003
_____3. Laurice Guillen c. Kinatay, 2009
_____4. Marilou Diaz Abaya d. Sister Stella L, 1984
_____5. Maryo J. delos Reyes e. Tinimbang ka ngunit kulang, 1974
_____6. Brilliante Mendoza f. Oro, Plata, Mata
_____7. Mike De Leon g. Maynila sa kuko ng Liwanag, 1975
_____8. Peque Gallaga h. Bayaning 3rd world, 1999
i. Muro-ami, 1999
j. Tulisan, 2015
k. Himala, 1982

III. Give the meaning of each ACRONYM.

1. PATA - ___________________________________________________________
2. TESDA - ___________________________________________________________
3. ACPI - ___________________________________________________________
4. PASI - ___________________________________________________________
5. NYFIT - ___________________________________________________________

IV.ENUMERATION:
A. Famous Filipino Comics Title
1. _________________________ 9. _____________________________
2. _________________________ 10. ____________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5.__________________________
6.__________________________
7.__________________________
8.__________________________