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    7 PLC Overview

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    vivek kumar

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    7 PLC Overview

    Uploaded by

    vivek kumar
    18 views4 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    18 views4 pages

    7 PLC Overview

    Uploaded by

    vivek kumar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). An Overview.

    A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a specialized computer used to


    control machines and process.
    It uses a programmable memory to store instructions and execute specific
    functions that include On/Off control, timing, counting, sequencing,
    arithmetic, and data handling.

    Advantages of a PLC Control System


    o Eliminates much of the hard wiring that was associated with
    conventional relay control circuits.

    o Increased Reliability:
    Once a program has been written and tested it can be downloaded to other
    PLCs.

    o More Flexibility:
    Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) can provide system updates for a
    process by simply sending out a new program.

    o Lower Costs:
    Originally PLCs were designed to replace relay control logic. The cost
    savings using PLCs have been so significant that relay control is becoming
    obsolete, except for power applications.

    o Communications Capability:
    A PLC can communicate with other controllers or computer equipment.

    o Faster Response Time:


    PLCs operate in real-time which means that an event taking place in the field
    will result in an operation or output taking place.

    o Easier To Troubleshoot:
    PLCs have resident diagnostic and override functions that allows users to
    easily trace and correct software and hardware problems.
    PLC Architecture

    • An open architecture design allows the system to be connected easily


    to devices and programs made by other manufacturers.

    • A closed architecture or proprietary system, is one whose design


    makes it more difficult to connect devices and programs made by
    other manufacturers.

    NOTE: When working with PLC systems that are proprietary in


    nature you must be sure that any generic hardware or software you use
    is compatible with your particular PLC.

    I/O Configurations
    Fixed I/O Is typical of small PLCs:

    • Comes in one package, with


    no separate removable units.

    • The processor and I/O are


    packaged together.

    • Lower in cost – but lacks flexibility.

    Modular I/O Is divided by compartments


    into which separate modules can be plugged.

    This feature greatly increases


    your options and the unit’s
    flexibility. You can choose
    from all the modules available
    and mix them in any way you desire.
    When a module slides into the rack,
    it makes an electrical connection with a series of
    contacts - called the backplane.
    The backplane is located at the rear of the rack.
    PLC System

    Power Supply Supplies DC power to other modules that plug into the rack.

    Processor (CPU) Consists of a microprocessor for implementing the logic,


    and controlling the communications among the modules. The processor
    accepts input data from various sensing devices, executes the stored user
    program, and sends appropriate output commands to control devices.
    I/O Section Consists of input modules and output modules.

    Input Module

    Forms the interface by which input field


    devices are connected to the controller.

    Output Module Forms the interface


    by which output field devices are connected
    to the controller.

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