.Handraulic Starter
.Handraulic Starter
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
Starters
CONTENTS Information Spare Parts
Introduction 1 ----
Servicing 5 ----
Starter Unit 5 17
Relay Valve 10 20
Accumulator 10 21
Pipe Connections 11 22
For operation in temperatures above –10° fluids conforming to specification OM13 and
OM15 are suitable. The following brands conforming to specification OM13 are
approved:
1
SAFETY
Detailed notes are included in the operating and service instructions where appropriate,
and are summarised below.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1. Do not disconnect pipe joints with the system under pressure. Discharge the
accumulator first by operating the relay valve.
2. Do not operate the starter unless the starter unit is secured to its mounting
bracket on the engine. During starting the starter pinion is fed forward and
rotated at high speed, and the engagement teeth can inflict serve injury.
3. Do not remove spring retaining nuts, circlips or other retainers without first
ensuring that the spring is prevented from releasing suddenly.
4. Do not attempt to dismantle nor flame cut the accumulator. It is permanently
charged with nitrogen gas at high pressure.
5. If the accumulator is to be scrapped, follow the guidelines as described on page
19.
6. Do not use lubricating oil or vegetable based oil (such as automobile brake
fluid). Use only the hydraulic fluids recommended on page 1.
2
WORKING PRINCIPLES AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
The Prestolite Handraulic Starter system is shown in Figure 1, and uses a combination
of pneumatic and hydraulic principles to store and release energy for engine starting.
The essential units are: -
3
The second stage releases the full flow of fluid at high pressure to the racks; this
provides the starting impulse.
When the engine starts, the lever is released to return to its normal position. Springs
return the racks to their original position and the pinion retracts. Fluid from the starter
unit is returned to the feed tank, via ports in the Relay Valve, ready for the next
charging of the accumulator.
The engine can be inched over for making adjustments or checking freedom, with the
accumulator discharged, by holding the Relay Valve open and operating the Hand
Pump.
A single Accumulator contains sufficient oil for one starting impulse when used with
the B50 Starter Unit, and three impulses with the smaller B35 Starter Unit, before oil
recharging by operating the Hand Pump.
4
SERVICING THE HANDRAULIC STARTER
The numerical references used in the text to identify components correspond to item
numbers used in the Spare Parts Lists.
Before dismantling any equipment, or carrying out any servicing, it is essential for the
workbench, tools and component trays to be scrupulously clean.
Only clean diesel oil should be used for washing purposes. We do not recommend using
paraffin (kerosene) as it can contain water, which may cause corrosion.
Particles of dirt or any foreign matter in the starter system will lead to premature failure,
by causing valves to leak, damaging seals, or obstructing small orifices in the Relay
Valve.
Seals and washers should be renewed if there is any doubt of their suitability for further
service, and copper washers annealed before use.
STARTER UNITS B35G8 AND B50G53
The following instructions apply to both of the above units except where stated. Refer to
page 17 for illustration.
Detail difference between B35G8 and B50G53
On B35G8, rack travel is arrested by a mitred shoulder abutting a circlip fitted to a
groove machined in the cylinder.
On B50G53, rack travel is arrested by a flat shoulder abutting a stop washer (20)
clamped between cylinder and housing.
Do not operate the starter unit unless it is secured to the mounting on the engine.
During operation the starter pinion is fed forward and rotated at high speed and
engagement teeth can inflict severe injury. To assist dismantling and assembly a firmly
fixed mounting plate, and peg spanners as shown in fig 2 are necessary in addition to
normal workshop tools.
Dismantling
Bolt the starter housing to the mounting plate.
Unscrew the front cover (2). Remove the pipe assembly after unscrewing pipe nuts at
each end of the starter unit.
IMPORTANT
Note that these nuts are the sole means of retaining the end covers and holding captive
the rack return springs. Each end cover should be held firmly while the nuts are being
removed, and the springs allowed to expand slowly against hand pressure until they
exert no further force. Note from which side of the centre housing each cover is
removed as the dowel and spring plug (7,8) have alternative positions on assembly.
5
To withdraw the pinion.
If the purpose of dismantling is solely to change the pinion, refer now to re-assembly
page 7.
Using a peg spanner Figure 2, remove each cylinder cover (10). It may be necessary to
clamp each cylinder to prevent rotation, using a strap wrench or pipe clamp
(46mm/1.81” – B35, 64mm/2.52” – B50).
Push out the rack assemblies. Unscrew each cylinder, and remove the stop washers (20).
Keep these with their respective racks and cylinders, and note from which position on
the centre housing each was removed.
Wash all parts in clean fluid, dry – preferably by air blast, and inspect for damage, wear
and corrosion. Remove any burr from the helical grooves of the pinion using an oil
stone.
Assembly
Racks and Cylinders
Inspect the “U” seal and backing ring (17,18) and joint ring (11) and fit replacements if
necessary.
The sealing lips of the “U” seal, and its back face must be free from cuts, tears or other
discontinuity. Radial marks on the back face indicate the leakage has been occurring
past the inner sealing lip.
The PTFE backing ring should be replaced if the thickness is below 1mm for B35 or
2mm for B50.
A small fringe, which may form on the back face, should be cut off carefully flush with
face using a sharp knife or razor blade.
When fitting new seals, they and the rack should be greased lightly to prevent the seals
being twisted or damaged. See figure 3 for correct assembly. Note that the chamfer in
the bore of the backing ring must face away from the “U” seal.
6
Refit rack stop washers in their original position unless they are damaged or faulty, in
which case use new washers of the same thickness.
Renew cylinders if bores are scored, rough or rusty.
Screw and tighten the cylinders into the centre housing, ensuring that each is fully home
and clamping the stop washer against the housing. Smear the rack assemblies and
cylinder bores with grease. Slide the rack into the cylinder taking care not to damage the
backing ring or sealing lip of the “U” seal as they enter the honed bore and push each
fully home.
Put the pinion in position, and push the racks inwards simultaneously. With pressure
maintained, check that the pinion is free to slide, and that there is a small amount of
backlash between pinion and rack teeth.
If the Pinion is not free, reverse the position of the racks.
Retract adjusting screw (14) so that the underside of the head is flush with the cover
face (10) but without distorting spring (15).
Using a new joint ring (11) replace the cylinder cover (10) and tighten firmly.
Remove the pinion, and push the racks outwards to the full extent of travel.
Grease the pinion, slide it into mesh with the racks, and push it fully into the housing.
Check that each of the helical grooves cut in the periphery is visible in the larger of the
two holes (for the spring cups) on each side of the centre housing.
Put the steel balls in the spring cups, springs, spring guides and rack return springs
(2 each side on B35, 3 on B50).
Re-fit the end covers, making sure that each is assembled to the correct side of the
centre housing. The two holes each side for the locating dowel and spring cup are
reversed in position, and the spring plug and dowel assembly position in the end cover
is varied to suit.
Check and adjust if necessary the axial position of the pinion, to a dimension of
2.5mm +/-0.2mm from the starter mounting flange to the tops of the teeth.
The adjustment is by rack adjusting screws fitted in the cylinder cover.
Adjust the screws by equal amounts, ensure that the pinion is still free. Clockwise
rotation of the screws causes the pinion to advance.
Refit the stud couplings, and pipe assembly.
7
HAND PUMP 6518-13 Refer to page 18.
SERVICING
Three spare part kits are available for the pump as shown on page 19.
8
CLEANING
Clean pump body and internal parts after dismantling using a fluid for use with viton
seals i.e. clean diesel oil. Blow out all galleries and ports before re-assembly.
Replacement of any damaged or worn seals is by Hand pump service kit 6518-27.
ASSEMBLY
Assembly is a reverse of the dismantling procedure noting the following:
Release Valve
Place the steel ball (3) in the port then screw in the release valve body assembly (4,6,38)
remembering the copper washer (5). Tighten the grub screw (7) using a 5mm hexagonal
wrench. (Do not over tighten). Lock the grub screw in position with the lock nut (2).
Relief valve
Place the steel ball (40) in the port then screw in the release valve body assembly
(4,38,39,42,43) remembering the copper washer (7).
Note: If the relief valve seal (38) has been changed or there is doubt about the relief
valve pressure setting, this must be checked when unit is finish assembled. The relief
valve is set at 5000 lbf/in2 and is adjusted by releasing the locknut and turning the grub
screw (41) using a 5mm hexagonal wrench clockwise to increase pressure and
anti-clockwise to decrease pressure.
Main Pumping Piston (6)
Replace the main piston carefully pushing and turning into the pump body. Do not hit
the end of the piston.
Linkage
Connect the lever support (12) to the piston with pin (1) and circlips (13). Do not over
stretch the circlip when fitting. Place the 2 connecting levers (28) into the lever support
(12) and fit the second pin and circlip. Connect the levers to the bracket using the bolt
and nut (29,30). Carefully tighten making sure the levers are free to move in the bracket.
Gauge Assembly
Reconnect the gauge assembly, ensuring it does not foul on the tank return pipe.
9
RELAY VALVE RV7: Refer to page 20
Note. Before disconnecting or attempting to remove the Relay Valve, release the system
pressure by operating the Relay Valve lever, then drain the feed tank by disconnecting
the 12mm pipe to the starter and pumping the Hand Pump, collect the fluid in a clean
container for re-use.
ACCUMULATOR: Refer to page 21
Note. Before disconnecting or attempting to remove the Accumulator, release the
system pressure by operating the Relay Valve lever, then drain the feed tank by
disconnecting the 12mm pipe to the starter and pumping the Hand Pump, collect the
fluid in a clean container for re-use.
FILLING AND VENTING THE SYSTEM
After mounting and connecting the various units, fill the Feed Tank with approved
hydraulic fluid to the indicated level.
Pull the Relay Valve operating lever to the fully open position and operate the hand
pump gently until the starter racks have engaged the pinion and then completed their
travel – about ¾ turns of the engine crankshaft.
Release the Relay Valve lever, thus allowing the fluid to be returned to the feed tank by
the spring loaded starter racks.
Allow air to vent from the returning fluid, repeat as necessary until returning fluid is
free from air. Check the feed tank level and top up as necessary.
If the hand pump fails to deliver fluid, it will be necessary to vent it by slackening the
gauge union a couple of turns and operating the lever until fluid emerges free from air
bubbles. Retighten the union and resume venting.
Do not attempt to vent the system by removing or disturbing the relief valve.
The system is self-venting in service if laid out as we recommend, and further venting
should only be necessary if pipe runs have been disconnected, or the starter set is
operated with insufficient fluid.
If the starter fails to engage properly or disengages during operation, this may be due to
air in the system, and it should be vented as described.
When checking the fluid level in the Feed Tank make sure first that there is no pressure
in the system, by operating the relay lever valve.
10
PIPE CONNECTIONS
Use only the correct size and specification of seamless, ductile, high-pressure quality of
steel pipe, and the correct fittings as supplied by Prestolite.
6mm diameter: Connecting the hand pump to the relay valve and accumulator
assembly.
10mm diameter: Connecting feed tank and relay valve, and two high pressure pipes
on starter unit. Minimum inside radius of bend 38mm (11/2′′).
12mm diameter: Connecting relay valve to starter unit. Minimum inside radius of
bend 51mm (2′′).
IMPORTANT:
Always make sure that metal filings, burrs and dirt are removed from pipes and unions
before fitting to the system, especially when new pipes have been made, or existing
pipes modified.
Cut the pipe to the correct length and square to its axis. Remove burrs by lightly filing,
without chamfering the outside diameter. Roll cutters are not advised, as they tend to
close the end of the pipe, cause heavy burrs and may damage the sealing diameter.
Clean and oil or grease all surfaces of the pipe, union body, nut, collet “O” ring etc.
11
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE
Weekly
Operate Starter. Inspect for oil leaks at all unions. Where leaks are apparent check
whether they are from the pipe “O” ring or coupling washer.
Refer to page 2. Safety Precautions
Leak from pipe “O” ring.
Leak from coupling washer. Slacken union nut while holding the coupling body, tighten
coupling body, and retighten union nut.
If leakage still occurs, replace the coupling washer.
Monthly
Check fluid level in feed tank, and add fluid if necessary.
Grease the relay valve lever pivot.
Check all mounting nuts and bolts, especially those fixing the starter unit, and tighten as
necessary. Renew any broken or missing spring washers.
12
Quarterly
Remove starter unit front cover, and check free movement of racks. Hold relay valve
lever at fully open position and operate the hand pump. The starter pinion should move
slowly into engagement with the engine dog, then rotate about three quarters of a turn.
After releasing the relay valve lever the pinion should rotate freely and return to its
original position. On completion of its return, a distinct click should be heard as the
spring loaded location balls re-engage with the helical slots of the pinion. Failure of the
racks to return may be due to accumulation of hard grease or dirt in the centre housing
or on the rack and pinion teeth. Strip, clean, and adjust as described in the SERVICING
INSTRUCTIONS. Page 5.
Remove feed tank air breather, wash in clean fuel oil and refit.
In very dusty conditions the feed tank air breather may require cleaning more
frequently.
13
TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART
14
TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART
15
TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART
6. Loss of pressure 1. Leak from hand pump Remove check valves, clean
after charging check valve, or relay and replace.
system. valve assembly
Replace relay valve.
2. Leak from unions, Examine system for external
pipes leaks and cure as appropriate.
3. Accumulator losing Proceed as for fault 2.2. After
gas charge to checking accuracy of pressure
atmosphere. gauge. Replace accumulator.
7. Oil blows out of 1. To much fluid in tank. Check fluid level. Should be
hand pump tank 50mm from the top of the
breather after tank.
releasing relay
valve.
2. Accumulator losing If fault persists after venting,
gas charge to fluid replace accumulator.
system.
16
Item Kit Contents B35G8 B50G53 Item Kit Contents B35G8 B50G53
1 Not Available 22 Circlip 47920235 47920253
2 Not Available 23 Retaining Washer 47920235 47920253
3 Pinion ** 527/6 526/599 24 Spring Guide 47920235 47920253
4 Spring Cup 47920235 47920253 25 Spring Outer 47920235 47920253
5 Spring 47920235 47920253 26 Spring Middle ---- 47920253
6 Steel Ball 47920235 47920253 27 Spring Inner 47920235 47920253
7 Spring Plug 47920235 47920253 28 Retaining Plate 47920235 47920253
8 Grovelock Pin 47920235 47920253 29 Washer 47920235 47920253
9 Not Available 30 Coupling * (1) 47920235 47920253
10 Cylinder Cover 47920235 47920253 31 Pipe Small Bend 47920235 47920253
11 Joint Washer 47920235 47920253 32 Pipe Large Bend 47920235 47920253
12 Cover Nut 47920235 47920253 33 Tee Piece * (1) 47920235 47920253
13 Washer ---- 47920253 34 Shim 0.4 ** 527/57 526/233
14 Adjusting Screw 47920235 47920253 35 Engine Dog ** 527/4 526/148
15 Spring 47920235 47920253 36 Capscrew **
16 Rack ** 527/124 526/718 3/8 BSF 311/608 311/608
17 “U” Seal 47920235 47920253 36 Capscrew **
18 Backing Ring 47920235 47920253 3/8 UNF 313/608 313/608
19 Cylinder ** 527/28 526/130 36 Capscrew **
20 Stop Washer 2.4 47920235 ---- M10 381/1025 381/1025
Stop Washer 3.8 ---- 47920253 ND Pipe S29 Long 527/134 ----
21 Circlip 47920235 ---- ND Pipe S29 Short 527/133 ----
(1). For assembly instructions see page 5
17
Hand Pump
Part No. 6518-13
18
Service Kits
Service Kits ''SEALS'' 6518-27
''GAUGE'' 6518-28
19
Service Kits ''LEVER'' 6518-29
20
STANDARD ACCUMULATOR – IS SERVICED BY REPLACEMENT
Residual Pressure
200 bar
(2900 lb/in2)
WARNING
Do not attempt to dismantle nor flame cut the accumulator. It is permanently charged with
an inert gas at high pressure, and is service by replacement.
When accumulators are being disposed of, it is important to release the residual gas charge
from the unit beforehand using a standard charging kit.
21
PIPES FOR PANEL MOUNTED ANCILLARIES
SINGLE ACCUMULAOR SETS
22
Service Notes
23
Service Notes
24
Service Notes
25
The following engines have been fitted with
Prestolite Handraulic Starters
Prestolite Electric Ltd - Heavy Duty Systems Larden Road Acton London W3 7RP
Telephone: 020 8735 4500 Fax: 020 8743 6508