Introduction to OSHA
ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺩﻣــــــــــــــﺔ
ﺣﺗﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ 1970ﻟﻡ ﺗﻛﻥ ﻫﻧﺎﻙ ﻗﻭﺍﻧﻳﻥ ﻭﺗﺷﺭﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻧﺗﻅﻣﺔ
ﻓﻰ ﺃﻣﺭﻳﻛﺎ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ ﻓﻰ ﻣﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻥ
ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺎﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻣﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﻳﺔ.
ﺑﻠﻐﺕ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻭﻓﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺳﺑﺏ ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻓﻰ ﺳﻧﺔ ، 1970
14000ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ
ﺃﻋﺗﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻗﻭﺍﻧﻳﻥ ﻭﺗﺷﺭﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ
ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺳﻧﺔ OSH ACT.1970
ﻓﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ 1971ﺃﻧﺷﺄﺕ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﻳﺔ
”ﺍﻷﻭﺷــﺎ“ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ.
ﺗﺷﺭﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﻳﺔ OSH
ACT
ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻯ ﺗﺷﺭﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺵ OSH ACTﺍﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﻡ
ﺇﻋﺗﻣﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﻭﺍﺳﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻓﻰ 29/12/1970ﻋﻠﻰ
31ﻗﺳﻣﺎ ،ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ ﺭﻗﻡ . SECTION # 5
ﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ ﺭﻗﻡ 5ﻳﺳﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺳﺋﻭﻟﻳﺎﺕ Dutiesﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺋﻭﻟﻳﺎﺕ ). (General Duty Clause
ﻳﺗﻡ ﺇﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ ﺭﻗﻡ 5ﻹﺻﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺗﻰ ﻻ ﺗﻭﺟﺩ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﻭﺍﻧﻳﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺻﺭﻳﺣﺔ ،ﻭﺗﻧﺹ
ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ:
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻝ ﺻﺎﺣﺏ ﻋﻣﻝ:
.1ﺃﻥ ﻳﻭﻓﺭ ﻟﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻋﻣﻝ ﻭﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻌﻣﻝ
ﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻰ ﻗﺩ ﺗﺳﺑﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻥ
ﺍﻟﻣﻣﻛﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺳﺑﺏ ﺍﻟﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺣﻭﺍﺩﺙ
ﺍﻟﺟﺳﻳﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ ﻣﻌﻪ.
.2ﻳﻠﺗﺯﻡ ﺇﻟﺗﺯﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳﺫ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺷﺭﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﺻﺩﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﺵ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺑﻬﺫﺍ
ﺍﻟﺗﺷﺭﻳﻊ.
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ:
ﺍﻹﻟﺗﺯﺍﻡ ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳﺫ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺷﺭﻭﻁ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﺻﺩﺭ ﻟﻬﻡ ﺣﺳﺏ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﺷﺭﻳﻊ.
Paragraphs:
Cover different topics in a standard
Subparagraphs:
Cover specific requirements of Each
topic
:ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺍﺕ
ﺗﻐﻁﻳﺔ ﻣﻭﺍﺿﻳﻊ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎﺭ
:ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻳﺔ
ﺗﻐﻁﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺗﻳﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣﻭﺿﻭﻉ
ﺍﻷﺟﺯﺍء ،ﺍﻷﺟﺯﺍء ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻷﻗﺳﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺭﻗﻡ :1910ﻣﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺻﻧﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ
ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺭﻗﻡ :1926ﻣﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻟﻺﻧﺷﺎءﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﺟﺯء 1910ﻳﻧﻘﺳﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺟﺯﺍء ﻓﺭﻋﻳﺔD “ E ‘ F’ :
Gﻭﻫﻛﺫﺍ
ﺍﻷﺟﺯﺍء ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻳﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﻧﻘﺳﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ:
29 CFR 1910.21
29 CFR 1926.450
29 29
Department Department
CFR of CFR of
Labor Labor
29 CFR 29 CFR
Revised as of Revised as of
Jan 1, 2002 Jan 1, 2002
National
National
Archives
Archives
Records
Records
and
Administration and
Administration
U .S . D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r
U .S . D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r
LESSON 4
ORGANIZATION OF THE
OSHA STANDARDS
29 CFR 1910 – General Industry Standards:
Subparts
Subpart A: General
Subpart B: Adoption and Extension of
Established Federal Standards
Subpart D: Walking and Working Surfaces
Subpart E: Means of Egress
Subpart F: Powered Platforms, Man-lifts, &
Vehicle Mounted Work Platforms
Subpart G: Occupational Health &
Environmental Controls
Subpart H: Hazardous Materials
Subpart I: Personal Protective Equipment
LESSON 4
ORGANIZATION OF THE
OSHA STANDARDS
29 CFR 1910 – General Industry Standards: Subparts
ORGANIZATION OF THE
OSHA STANDARDS
29 Cfr 1910 – General Industry Standards: Subparts
Code of
Title Fed. Reg Part Section
29 CFR 1910 .110
Lower Case
Alphabetic Arabic Lower case
Number Roman
LESSON 4
ORGANIZATION OF THE
OSHA STANDARDS
OSHA Standard Description Title Part____
General Industry Standards 29 CFR 1910
Construction Standards 29 CFR 1926
Ship Repairing Standards 29 CFR 1501
Ship Building Standards 29 CFR 1502
Ship Breaking Standards 29 CFR 1503
Long shoring Standards 29 CFR 1918
Shipyard Employment Stds. 29 CFR 1915
Marine Standards 29 CFR 1917
LESSON 4
ORGANIZATION OF THE
OSHA STANDARDS
OSHA Standard Description Title Part_______
OSHA PENALTIES
Citation Penalty______________________